2018中考（人教）英语课外讲与延伸练导学案：七上U1—4（含答案）
中考词汇检测—阅读理解
It was another day to jump rope in gym class. Lynn and Mike turned the long rope in big, slow circles. The whole class hurried to get in line to wait for their turn to jump. Millie stood at the back of the line and frowned.
Nick went first. He watched the rope and ran in at just the right time. Everyone counted. He made it all the way to 30 jumps. One after another, the kids watched the rope, ran in, and jumped. Then it was Millie’s turn. She watched the rope go around and around, but she didn’t move. She felt like everyone was looking at her.
Millie’s friends cheered. “Go, Millie, go!”
Millie’s face turned red. At last, she gave it a try, but she failed.
The truth was that Millie had been jumping rope at home every day. With a short rope, she could jump 100 times without missing. She just didn’t know how to run in and start jumping with a long rope. Since she was the only kid on her street, there was no one to help turn the long rope.
Just then, Ms Miles, the gym teacher, brought out a bunch of short jump ropes.
"Let's see how long each one of you can jump without missing," she said as she gave each student a short rope, "Ready, set. Go!"
Millie smiled for the first time ever in gym class. As she jumped, she sang rhymes quietly to herself.
After a while, Millie realized that everyone was cheering, "Go, Millie, go!"
She was the only one still jumping rope! The surprise almost made her miss a step, but she kept going. When at last she was too tired to go on, she stopped. The whole class cheered. Everyone was looking at her and smiling. Millie smiled back!
1． Which word is the opposite of the underlined word frowned?
A. Sat. B. Hid. C. Smiled D. Cried
2．What problem did Millie have at the beginning of the story?
A. She didn't have any friends in her class.
B. She felt sad because Nick made fun of her.
C. She didn't know the cheers that the other kids knew.
D. She didn't know how to start jumping with a long rope.
3． Why did Millie smile for the first time in gym class?
A. She did something well at last.
B. She knew the class would cheer for her.
C. She thought that she was going to make a friend.
D. She believed that she would be the winner of the contest.
4．Which sentence can be put in the empty?
A. The class decided to play baseball.
B. Millie was the last one still jumping rope.
C. Nick won the rope-jumping contest.
D. Millie tried to hide in the back of the line.
5．How might Millie feel when she stopped jumping at last?
A. Proud. B. Bored. C. Mad. D. Silly.
【答案】
1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文讲述的是Millie的一节体育课，老师让学生们跳长绳，Millie不知道怎样跳，她试了一次，但是失败了。其实Millie会跳绳，只是因为没有人给她摇绳，所以她不会跳长绳。体育老师看到了这一幕，她让学生们比赛跳短绳，Millie最后赢了，她很开心。
1．C词义猜测题。根据短文的开头Millie stood at the back of the line and frowned以及Millie’s face turned red. At last, she gave it a try, but she failed.可知，Millie不会跳长绳，所以她排在队伍的后面。再根据下文Millie smiled for the first time ever in gym class可知，Millie会跳短绳，而且跳得很好，所以她笑了。由此可知frown和smile的相反意思的词，故选C。
2．D 细节理解题。根据短文中Millie’s face turned red. At last, she gave it a try, but she failed.以及She just didn’t know how to run in and start jumping with a long rope可知，Millie不知道怎样跳进去开始跳长绳，所以她失败了。由此可知选D。
3．A 细节理解题。根据短文中Millie smiled for the first time ever in gym class. 和She was the only one still jumping rope!可知，Millie擅长跳短绳，她跳得时间最长，所以她第一次在体育课上笑了。由此可知选A。
4．B细节理解题。根据短文的最后一段的内容可知，Millie和其他同学比赛跳短绳，她跳得很好，其他同学都掉了，但是只有她还在继续跳着，故应选B。
5．A推理判断题。根据短文的最后可知，She was the only one still jumping rope…The whole class cheered，Millie和其他同学比赛跳短绳，她跳得很好，坚持到了最后。她是跳得最好的一个，全班同学都为她欢呼，因此她应该感到非常自豪，故选A。
【难度】一般
第一部分：教材基础知识讲解
,知识点解析
help的用法
【名师解析】
(1)n. 帮助；援助。此时是不可数名词。如：
without one's help 没有某人的帮助
ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助
(2)v. 帮助；援助。helpful adj. 有益的；有帮助的。
【知识拓展】
help v. 意为“帮；帮助”，主要用法为：
(1)help sb. to do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，to可以省略。如：
Can you help me to learn English？你能帮助我学英语吗？
(2)help to do sth.意为“帮助做某事；有助于做某事”。如：
Could you help to open the window？你能帮忙打开窗子吗？
(3)help oneself (to)意为“随便吃(食物等)”。如：
Please help yourself to some fish.请随便吃点鱼。
(4)help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事；在……方面帮助某人”。如：
Can you help him with this work？你能帮助他完成这项工作吗？
(5)with the help of＝with one's help意为“在某人的帮助下”。如：
With the help of her，he found his lost child.在她的帮助下，他找到了他失踪的小孩。
(6)can't help do sth.意为“没有能力去帮助做某事”。如：
He couldn't help to wash the clothes.他不能帮忙洗衣服。
(7)can't help doing sth.意为“情不自禁做某事”。如：
She couldn't help smiling.她情不自禁地笑起来。
(8)口语句式：Could you help me，please？你能帮助我吗？May I help you？＝Can I help you？我可以帮助你吗？
【对点导练】
1．让我来帮助你。
__Let__ me __help__ you.
2．With the __help__(help) of my sister，I can finish the work so early.
with 的用法
【名师解析】
(1)意为“和……在一起”；
(2)意为“具有；带有”，介词短语常用作后置定语；
(3)意为“用”，表示用某种工具；
(4)表示伴随，作状语。
【知识拓展】
help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事
be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
provide sb. with sth.为某人提供某物
be angry with 对……生气
get on well with 与……相处融洽
to start with 起初；开始时
be born with 天生具有
deal/do with 处理
agree with sb.同意某人
【对点导练】
1．我们的英语老师总是对我们要求很严格。
Our English teacher is always __strict__ __with__ us.
2．She is tall and thin __with__(有) long hair.
辨析say，speak，talk与tell
【名师解析】
词汇
用法
say强调说话的内容，后可跟宾语从句
speak强调说话的能力，作及物动词时，常跟某种语言作宾语。作不及物动词时，表示“发言”，常用搭配：speak at a meeting 在会上发言。另外还可以在电话用语中出现，如，Is this sb. speaking？
talk指连续不断地讲话，强调与某人交谈。talk to sb.“和某人谈话”；talk with sb.“和某人交谈”；talk about“讨论；谈论”
tell“告诉；讲述”，强调讲给别人听。tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”；tell sb. about sth.“告诉某人关于某事”；tell sb. (not) to do sth.“告诉某人(不要)做某事”
【对点导练】
tell，speak，talk，say
1．Don't forget to __say__ “Thanks” when you get help.
2．One student __told__ the general secretary that he was very interested in learning the technology.
3．Does your language teacher __speak__ Chinese in class?
4．The general secretary went into the practical training building and __talked__ to the teachers and students who were training before the machine.
辨析family，home与house
【名师解析】
词汇
含义
用法
family
家庭
强调家庭成员
home
家；家乡
指家庭成员在一起生活的地方
house
房子
主要指建筑物、住宅等，可以包含若干房间(rooms)
【图解助记】
【对点导练】
1．这是托尼的全家福照片。
This is a photo of Tony's __family__．
2．去年我哥哥建了一座新房子。
My brother built a new __house__ last year.
3．他把中国看作第二个故乡。
He considers China as his second __home__．
( C )4.(资阳中考)Sally considers Wuhan to be her second ________ because she has lived here for 13 years.
A．family B．house C．home D．room
辨析good，fine，nice与well
【名师解析】
good，fine，nice和well都有“好”的意思，常见用法如下表：
词汇
用法
good
说明人的品质好或物的质量好
fine
侧重于“质量的精细、身体健康”，常表示品质、特点和能力的好，还可表示“天气晴好”
nice
指某人或某物能取悦他人的感官，使人感到喜悦、感到舒适，含有“美好的；美妙的；漂亮的”等意思；还可表示“对人友好和蔼”
well
作形容词指身体健康状况好；作副词时指某一动作做得好
【对点导练】
good，fine，nice，well
1．—Your daughter's skirt looks very __nice__．
—Thanks a lot.
2．It is____good__ for your health to do morning exercises every day.
3．What __fine__ weather! Let's go out for a walk.
4．I am very __well__，thanks.
辨析and，but，or与so
【名师解析】
连词
作用
含义
例句
and
并列；顺承
和；然后
Listen to some music，and you'll feel more relaxed.
but
转折
但是
I like English songs，but I can't sing any.
or
结果
否则
Tell me the truth, or I'll get angry.
so
因果
所以
I didn't have lunch，so I'm hungry now.
【对点导练】
and，but，or，so
1．Put on your sweater，__and__ you'll feel much warmer.
2．I got up late，__so__ I had to take a taxi to school.
3．Work hard，__or__ you'll fail the test.
4．I don't know why I love you __but__ I do.
辨析it，one与that
【名师解析】
词汇
用法
it
指代前面提到的同一个事物，其复数为they/them
one
表示泛指，指前面提到过的同一类人或事物中的一个，相当于a/an＋名词，其复数为ones
that
表示特指，指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，相当于the＋名词，其复数为those
【一言辨异】
I have a new pen.My father bought it for me.And he bought one for my brother，too.我有一支新钢笔，是我爸爸买给我的(这支钢笔)。而且他也给我弟弟买了一支(相似的但非上文那支)。
【对点导练】
1．Mom，my old coat is too small.Can you buy a new __one__ for me?
2．—What are you doing here?
—I have lost my dictionary.I am looking for __it__．
3．The weather in China is different from __that__ in South Africa.
( B )4.(广东中考)—I am a little hungry，Daddy.
—See the cupcakes on the plate？But you can only take ____．Dinner is ready soon.
A．it B．one C．this D．that
辨析look，watch，read与see
【名师解析】
词汇
含义及用法
例句
look
指“集中注意力地看”，是有意的，强调“看”的动作。单独使用时，用来引起对方的注意；如果跟宾语，要与at，for等词连用。
Look! Tom is over there.看！汤姆在那儿。
Look at the blackboard，please.请看黑板。
watch
强调“专注地看”，有欣赏的意味，常用于看电视、看球赛等。
Do you watch TV at night？你晚上看电视吗？
read
指“看”时，实指“阅读”，常用于看书、看报等。
I like reading at home.我喜欢在家看书。
see
强调“看”的结果，意为“看见；看到”。
How many birds can you see in the tree？你能看到树上有多少只鸟儿？
【对点导练】
1．I can't __find__(找到)my pen.Did you __see__(看见) it?
2．Do you like __watch__(看) the TV play The first half of my life(《我的前半生》)?
辨析look for，find与find out
【名师解析】
词汇
含义
区别
look for
意为“寻找”
强调找的动作
find
意为“找到”
强调找的结果
find out
意为“查明”
指把事情查清楚、弄明白
【对点导练】
1．The little boy was __looking__for__(寻找)his mother，at last he __found__(找到)his mother with the help of the police.
2. 我的钥匙丢了，我到处找，但我找不到。
My keys are lost.I __looked__for__ them here and there，but I can' t __find__ them.
3．你查明汤姆迟到的原因了吗？
Did you____find__out__ why Tom was late?
辨析some与any
some作定语时，表“一些；有的”常用于肯定句中。它可以修饰可数名词的复数，也可以修饰不可数名词。如：
There are some bananas on the tree.树上有一些香蕉。
any “一些；任何”。常用于否定句和疑问句中，也可以用在if条件句中。如：
I don't have any ink now.现在我没有墨水了。
If you have any questions，raise your hands please.如果你有一些问题，请举手。
【知识拓展】
(1)some有时也用在疑问句中，表示委婉客气的语气，希望得到肯定的回答。如：
Can I have some meat，Mom？妈妈，我能吃一些肉吗？
(2)any也可以用于肯定句中，这时它的意思是“任何”。如：
Any man knows that.任何人都知道。
【对点导练】
—Would you like __some__ (一些) water?
—Yes，please.
Excuse me，Grace. Is this your pencil？打扰了，格雷丝。这是你的铅笔吗？
【名师解析】
excuse me是日常生活中人们提出请求、询问或表示自己要做的事可能会打搅他人时常用的客套语，以示歉意或礼貌，有“劳驾；打扰”的意思。如：
Excuse me，which is the way to the park？打扰一下，去公园怎么走？
【知识拓展】辨析Excuse me，I'm sorry与Pardon
Excuse me意为“劳驾；请问；请原谅；对不起；打扰了”，会话时的客套话，通常放在句首，常用于与陌生人搭话、打断别人说话等场合，一般在事前请他人帮忙或需要打扰别人时使用。
I' m sorry/Sorry “对不起；抱歉”。一般用于事后对所犯错误或不能满足对方要求等表示歉意，其答语通常是That's all right./Not at all./Never mind./It doesn't matter.等。
Pardon是“I beg your pardon”的省略形式，常用于正式场合，当做错了事向别人道歉或对谈话提出异议时，译为“原谅；宽恕；对不起”；当没听清对方的话，请求重复时，译为“请再说一遍”。
【对点导练】
1．对不起，打扰了，请问附近有银行吗？
__Excuse__ __me__，is there a bank near here?
2．对不起，我不该那样说你。
__I'm__ __sorry__，I shouldn't say like that about you.
What about this dictionary？这本字典(是谁的)的呢？
【名师解析】
What about…？＝How about…？意为“……怎么样？”，用来征求他人的意见或看法，后跟名词、代词或动名词。如：
What about the weather in your city？你所在的城市天气怎么样？
What about going to the movies？去看电影怎么样？
注意：表示提建议和请求的句型还有：
(1)“Why don't you＋动词原形？”用来向对方提建议，意为“为什么不……呢？”，与“Why not＋动词原形？”用法一致。
(2)“You'd better＋动词原形．”意为“你最好……”。其否定形式直接在better后加not。
【对点导练】
1．下周去上海迪士尼公园如何？
__What/How__ __about__ going to Shanghai Disneyland Park next month?
2．What about __going__(go) swimming this afternoon?
Thank you for your help，Anna.谢谢你的帮助，安娜。
【名师解析】
thank you for…＝thanks for…，意为“因……而感谢”。for是介词，后接名词或动词-ing形式。如：
Thank you for your letter.感谢你的来信。
Thank you for having me.＝Thanks for having me.感谢你邀请我。
注意：thanks to…意为“多亏……；由于……”相当于because of。
【对点导练】
由于政府大力支持，环境污染才得以控制。
__Thanks__to__ the government's great support，the pollution of our environment has been controlled well.
第二部分：基础跟踪训练
(2017沈阳中考)完形填空。
A long time ago，there was a king in India.The king's __1__ game was chess.
One day，a wise old man __2__ to the palace and the king challenged him to __3__ game.The king promised the old man，“You can __4__ any prize if you win the game.”
The old man __5__，“If I win the game，I'd like one grain of __6__ for the first square of the chessboard，two for the second，four for the __7__，and then double the amount for each of the __8__ of the squares.”
“Is that all？” asked the king，“Wouldn't you like gold or silver __9__？”
“No，just rice.” replied the old man.
The king and the old man played the game __10__ a long time.Finally，the old man won.__11__ the king ordered his men to collect a bag of rice.He __12__ one grain on the first square，two on the second，and so on.The king quickly realized the __13__—even with all the rice in the country，he would __14__ not have enough rice to put on all the __15__！
( B )1.A.boring B．favorite
C．dangerous D．famous
( A )2.A.came B．faced
C．brought D．turned
( B )3.A.an B．a C．the D．/
( C )4.A.make B．try C．have D．give
( D )5.A.told B．talked C．spoke D．said
( B )6.A.sweet B．rice C．bean D．cake
( A )7.A.third B．fourth C．fifth D．sixth
( D )8.A.whole B．couple C．part D．rest
( A )9.A.instead B．too C．again D．once
( C )10.A.in B．at C．for D．from
( B )11.A.But B．So C．Or D．Yet
( C )12.A.found B．used C．put D．took
( A )13.A.problem B．decision
C．advice D．opinion
( B )14.A.hardly B．still
C．just D．also
( A )15.A.squares B．bags
C．areas D．spaces
第三部分：拓展训练题
一、阅读理解
As space science develops（发展）, man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only amazing but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as success.
Scientists have found out that the radiation（辐射）is the greatest danger to spacemen in space. When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of the radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. The harm（伤害）of the radiation won’t be found until their children even grandchildren are born. Some special medicine may work a little, but no really effective（有效的）medicine has been found so far.
Space rubbish is also thought to be a great danger to spacemen. It’s reported that there were 9,000 man-made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites, 10% are spaceships, and the rest are space rubbish. An explosion（爆炸）in space in 1999 made a cloud of 300,000 fragments, each at least 4mm in size. A small piece of these even knocked a spaceship window and caused some damage（损坏）.
Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time. They are working to deal with space rubbish. Although space is really dangerous, it interests many people on the earth. In the near future, it may become possible for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space in a few years. So we should do something to help improve the space environment.
1．Most of the man-made things flying in space are____________.
A. satellites B. spaceships C. space shuttles D. space rubbish
2．The radiation from the sun and other stars is ______ to spacemen.
A. good B. helpful C. useful D. harmful
3．The underlined word “fragments”means “______”.
A. 碎片 B. 泡沫 C. 烟雾 D. 飞碟
4．The passage talks about _________ kinds of danger in space.
A. two B. three C. four D. five
5．Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Scientists have found out ways to solve any problem in space.
B. Every one of us can have a travel to space in ten years.
C. The harm of the radiation may be found in the spacemen’s children.
D. Space is really dangerous, so it doesn’t interest anyone on the earth.
【答案】
1．D 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．C
【解析】
试题分析：本文叙述了宇航员在天空遇到的危险。可知在太空中宇航员可能遇到的两种危险有：辐射和太空垃圾。辐射的危害可能直到宇航员的孩子甚至孙子才被发现。在太空中人造的东西中，大约有30%是人造卫星，10%是太空飞船，剩下的都是太空垃圾。爆炸会产生碎片，一片小的碎片会给飞船带来损害。科学家正在观察和报道太空中的危险，正在想办法解决这些危险。
1．D推理判断题。根据About 30% of these are satellites, 10% are spaceships, and the rest are space rubbish.可知人造的东西在太空中成为垃圾的比例为1-30%-10%=60%。故选D。
2．D细节理解题。根据文中信息When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of the radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. 可知来自太阳和其他星体的辐射对宇航员有害，故选D。
3．A词义猜测题。根据A small piece of these even knocked a spaceship window and caused some damage（损坏）.可知爆炸会产生碎片，一片小的碎片会给飞船带来损害。故选A。
4．A细节理解题。根据Scientists have found out that the radiation(辐射)is the greatest danger to spacemen in space.和 Space rubbish is also thought to be a great danger to spacemen.可知在太空中宇航员可能遇到的危险有：辐射和太空垃圾，共两种。故选A。
5．C细节理解题。根据The harm of the radiation won’t be found until their children even grandchildren are born.可知辐射的危害可能在宇航员的孩子甚至孙子身上发生。故选C。
【难度】一般
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C或者D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Young people are often unhappy when they are with their parents. They say that their parents don’t understand them. They often think their parents are too strict __1__ them.
Parents often find __2__ difficult to win their children’s trust and they seem to __3__ how they themselves felt when they were young.
For example, young people like to do things without much __4__. It’s one of their ways to show that they grow up and they can __5__ any difficult problems. Older people worry more easily. Most of them plan things ahead and don’t like their plans to be changed.
So when you want your parents to let you do 6__ , you will have better success if you ask before you really start doing it.
Young people often make their parents angry by clothes they wear, the music they enjoy and something __7__. But they don’t mean to cause any trouble. They just feel that __8__ this way they can be cut off from the old people’s world and they want to make a new culture of their own. And if their parents don’t like their music or clothes or their way of speech, the young people feel very sad. Sometimes instead of going out with their parents, they just want to stay at home __9__ and do what they like.
If you plan to control your ___10__ , you'd better win your parents over and try to get them to understand you.
If your parents see that you have high sense of responsibility, they will certainly give you the right to do what you want to do.
1. A. on B. with C. in D. to
2. A. it B. this C. that D. one
3. A. forgets B. remember C. forget D. remembers
4. A. thinking B. speaking C. reading D. saying
5. A. know B. find C. find out D. solve
6. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything
7. A. else B. one C. old D. more
8. A. by B. through C. in D. over
9. A. sadly B. alone C. lonely D. sad
10. A. life B. work C. study D. health
参考答案1—10、BACAD CACBA
三、任务型阅读
My father used to work in the city and seldom stayed at home. But he would come back help to harvest(收割) rice every year.
One autumn, he promised to help our neighbor, who lost his arms in a traffic accident in 1999, to harvest his rice. After Father harvested our town, his little rice picker broke. What’s worse, he had to return to work the next day because his partner was ill in hospital. It meant that Father wouldn’t be back in a few days. It now seemed impossible to help out the neighbor.
Father told us that be wouldn’t let the neighbor’s rice rot( 糜烂) in the field. He decided to harvest it by hand without a machine. “If tonight’s weather is clear, I think I can do it.” added my father. In fact, he was rather tired after a day’s harvest work.
After dinner, Father had a short rest and made his way to the field. A full moon was glowing (发光) in the sky and the weather was cold but clear. He spent the whole night keeping his word.
I would never forget the image(画面)：Father was cutting rice in the light of the harvest moon. Behind him, row after row of rice stocks(秸秆) stood at attention, showing respect for a man who kept his word.
1．Did Father always stay with the family?
2．What happened to the neighbor in 1999?
3．Why was Father required to return to work?
4．How did Father help the neighbor harvest rice in the field?
5．How long did Father spend in harvesting the neighbor’s rice?
【参考答案】
1．No.
2．He lost his arms in a traffic accident.
3．Because his partner was ill in hospital.
4．By hand without a machine.
5．The whole night.
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文作者讲述了他的父亲的故事。他的父亲在城市里工作，很少回家，但是每年收割大米的时候，都会回来。他还帮助他的邻居收大米，但是一次突然发生了一件事，他不得不第二天就要回去工作。为了实现他的诺言，他在晚上的时候，在月光下继续帮助邻居收大米。
1．本题为一般疑问句，用Yes或No回答。根据短文的开头My father used to work in the city and seldom stayed at home. But he would come back help to harvest(收割) rice every year可知，作者的父亲在城市里工作，很少呆在家里。句中seldom是否定意思的次，很少，由此可知这个题的答案是否定的。
2．根据题干关键词in 1999可以找到答案在短文中第二段第一句“One autumn, he promised to help our neighbor, who lost his arms in a traffic accident in 1999”。他的邻居在一次交通事故中失去了胳膊。需要注意的是该定语从句中who指代的是“our neighbor”因此回答中用he做主语，用一般过去时态。
3．根据题干中“return to work”可知答案应定位到文中第二段第三行What’s worse, he had to return to work the next day because his partner was ill in hospital.，因为他的搭档生病住院了，所以他第二天不得不回到了工作岗位上。由此可以得出答案。
4．根据题干“help the neighbor harvest rice”可知答案应定位到倒数第三段第二句“He decided to harvest it by hand without a machine.” ，他是用手而不是机器帮助邻居收割大米。需要注意的是题干中的问句是用how来提问，表示用某种方式，因此用by回答。
5．由题干中的spend 可知答案应该定位到文中倒数第二段最后一句，“He spent the whole night keeping his word.”，故答案是The whole night整个晚上。而句中“keeping his word”便是说的“father spend in harvesting the neighbor’s rice”。
【难度】较难
四、短文改错
A thick storm of sand（沙尘暴） turned Beijing 1.________
sky into blue last Wednesday. Cars drove with 2.________
lights on. School child walked with their shirts, 3.________
coats and anything else cover 4.________
their nose. Some women wore scarves（头巾） 5.________
over their heads when the storm become stronger. 6.________
“Sand can be sweeping into the air when there 7.________
is a drought（旱灾）.Too much trees have been cut 8.________
this years. It made the sandstorm problem worse. 9.________
So something must be done to keep the air nice or 10.________
clean,” said the scientists.
参考答案：
1.Beijing→ Beijing’s 句意为“沙尘暴把北京的天空变成了黄色”，应该使用名词所有格的形式。
2.blue→ yellow 从实际情况判断，应该是把本来蓝色的天空变成了黄色。
3.child→ children 学校的孩子应该是多个，所以改成复数形式。
4.cover前加to 不定式在此处表示目的，“为了……”。
5.nose→noses 与前面的their 相一致，所以用nose。
6.become→ became 从前后一致的角度考虑要用过去式的形式。
7.sweeping→ swept 注意can be done 是一个情态动词的被动式结构。
8.much→ many 树是可数名词，所以要用too many 来修饰，too much 用来修饰不可数名词。
9.this → these 从实际情况判断，应该是多年的事情，用these。
10.or→ and nice and clean 是固定用法，相当于“非常干净”。
2018中考（人教）英语课外讲与延伸练导学案：七上U5—9（含答案）
中考词汇检测—阅读理解
For most people, the word “fashion”means “clothes”. But people ask question, “What clothes are fashion?” And they use the adjective “fashionable” in the same way: “she was wearing a fashionable coat. ”“His shirt was really a fashionable color. ”
But of course there are fashions in many things, not only in clothes. There are fashions in holidays, in restaurants, in films and books.There are even fashions in school subjects, jobs and in languages.
Fashions change as time goes. If you look at pictures of people or things from the past, you will feel that fashions have always changed. An English house of 1750 was different from one of 1650. A fashionable man in 1780 looked very different from his grandson in 1860.Today fashions change very quickly. Some of this is natural. We hear about things much more quickly than in the past. Newspapers, radios, telephones and television send information from one country to another in a few hours.
New fashions mean that people will buy new things, so you see there is money in fashion.
1． From this passage we know that “fashion” means ____
A. clothes B. nice things
C. most of the popular things D. everything
2．Which of the following things is fashionable today?
A. Surfing on the Interact.
B. Having a family dinner on New Year' s Day.
C. Learning to sing songs on the radio.
D. Doing morning exercises at school.
3．Today fashions change very quickly because ___.
A. People read newspapers every day
B. Radios send information from one country to another
C. New things that people like are often shown on TV
D. People quickly learn what is happening in the world
4．“There is money in fashion”in the last sentence means
A. clothes are expensive
B. fashions can help people make big money
C. fashionable things are all expensive
D. if you are in fashion, you will have money
5．Which one is not right in the following statements?
A. As time goes, fashions can be different from what they are now.
B. In the modem world, fashions change very quickly.
C. The word “fashions” doesn' t only means “clothes”.
D. Fashions are in many things, but there aren' t fashions in school subjects.
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．D
【解析】
试题分析：“fashion”意思是大多数流行的东西。时尚存在很多东西中，如学校科目里也有时尚的科目。今天时尚变化快是因为人们能快速获知世界上在发生什么事。
1．C猜测词义题。据第一段和For most. people, the word “fashion” means “clothes”.可知 从短文我们知道“fashion”意思是大多数流行的东西，故正确答案为C.
2．A细节理解题。根据短文和常识可知，网上冲浪是今天时尚的东西，故选A。
3．D细节理解题。据Today fashions change very quickly. Scme of this is natu- ral. We hear about things much more quickly than in the past. Newspapers, radios, telephones and television send information frcrn one country to another in a few hours.可知，今天时尚变化快是因为人们快速获知世界上在发生什么事。故正确答案为D.
4．D句意猜测题。据上下文和New fashions mean that people will buy new things,可知，最后一句话"There is money in fashion"意思是如果你时尚你会拥有钱财，故正确答案为D.
5．D细节理解题。据There are even fashions in school subjects, jobs and in languages.可知，时尚存在很多东西中，但学校科目里没有时尚的科目 是错的。故选D.
【难度】较难
第一部分：教材基础知识讲解
,知识点解析
辨析sound，listen与hear
【名师解析】
三者均有“听”的意思，但意义与用法具体区别如下：
listen一般用作不及物动词，指“留神听；倾听”，是有意识的动作。常用listen to sb.结构。如：
Listen！There is someone talking outside.听！外面有人正在说话。
We must listen to the teacher carefully in class.我们在课堂上必须认真听老师讲课。
sound作连系动词，意为“听起来”，后接形容词作表语，还可接介词like。如：
This piece of music sounds beautiful.这首乐曲听起来很优美。
hear 可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，意为“听见；听到”，是无意识的动作，强调听的结果。如：
Can you hear any sound over there？你能听到从那边传来的声音吗？
The cat was often heard to cry in the corner of the street.那只猫经常被听到在街道的角落里叫。
【对点导练】
hear，listen，sound
1．I like to ____listen__ to Yao Ke's radio program at night.It is a wonderful program.
2．The dog ran to the door when it ____heard__ Mr. Morgan's steps.
3．TFBOYS' new song ____sounds__ sweet and many of us like listening to it.
finish的用法
【名师解析】
作不及物动词，意为“完成；结束”。如：
What time does the meeting finish？会议什么时候结束？
作及物动词，意为“结束；完成”，其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。如：
He finished reading the book before supper.晚饭前他读完了这本书。
【知识拓展】
其他可以接动名词作宾语的动词：
enjoy
mind
practice
avoid
consider＋doing sth.喜欢做某事
介意做某事
练习做某事
避免做某事
考虑做某事
【对点导练】
1．John can't play outside because he hasn't __finished__(finish) his homework.
2．We had better finish __eating__(eat) meals three or four hours before bedtime.
interesting/interested，exciting/excited，relaxing/relaxed的用法
【名师解析】
v．-ing与v.-ed都具有形容词的性质，其区别如下：
v．-ing的形容词多用于修饰物，表示“令人……的”。既可作表语，也可作定语。如：
I have something interesting to tell you.我要告诉你一些有趣的事。
v．-ed的形容词用于修饰人，表示“感到……的”。只作表语。如：
Take a deep breath，and then you may feel relaxed.深深地吸一口气，那样你会觉得轻松。
注意：修饰人或物的形容词，只是相对而言，并非绝对。如：
This boy is too interesting.这个男孩太有意思了。
【知识拓展】
surprising 令人惊奇的 surprised 感到好奇的
moving令人感动的 moved 感动的
frightening令人害怕的 frightened 害怕的
terrifying令人恐惧的 terrified 感到恐惧的
puzzling令人困惑不解的 puzzled 感到困惑的
satisfying令人满意的 satisfied感到满意的
tiring令人厌倦的 tired感到厌烦的
amazing令人惊讶的 amazed感到惊讶的
boring令人讨厌的 bored感到厌烦的
exciting令人兴奋的excited感到激动的
touching触动人心的 touched感动的
embarrassing令人尴尬的 embarrassed尴尬的
【对点导练】
1．The film was so __boring__(无聊的)．I almost fell asleep in the middle of it.
2．Listening to soft music makes me __relaxed__(放松的)．
3．The speaker impressed the audience with a beautiful beginning，but the ending was a little __disappointing__(disappoint)．
4．He is very __excited__(excite) about the news that he will take a 5-day break this month.
5．(新颖题)The match between Ma Long(马龙) and Fan Zhendong(樊振东) was very __exciting__(excited)．
辨析how much与how many
【名师解析】
(1) how much提问价格时意为“多少钱”；也可提问不可数名词的数量，意为“多少”。如：
—How much are these books？这些书多少钱？
—They are ten yuan for each.每本10元。
—How much water should we drink every day？我们每天应该喝多少水？
—Eight cups.八杯。
(2)how many用来询问可数名词的数量。如：
—How many students are there in your class？你们班有多少名学生？
—Fifty-four.54名。
【知识拓展】
询问价格的四种句型：
How much is/
are sth.?
What' s the price
of sth.？询问价格How much do/
does sth. cost?
How much is/
are sth. worth?
【对点导练】
1．How many __trees__(tree) are there in the garden?
2．How much __oil__(oil) do you need for making fried chicken?
3．I want this T-shirt.What' s the __price__(价钱) of it?
辨析bring，take，carry与get
【名师解析】
(1)bring意为“拿来；带来”，指从别处带到说话处。如：
Bring me some water，please.请给我拿些水来。
(2)take 意为“拿去；带去”，指把某物或某人从说话处带到别处，与bring所表示的方向相反。如：
Take the books to my office.把这些书拿到我办公室去。
(3)carry意为“搬运；携带”，具有负重的含义，没有方向性。如：
Please carry this bag for me.请帮我提一下包。
(4)get意为“去把……拿来”，表示到某地去把某物取来，为一个往返动作，相当于fetch。如：
She has gone to get/fetch some water.她去取水了。
【图解助记】
【对点导练】
take，bring，carry，get
1．My aunt __took__ me to the water park last weekend.
2．Could you please __bring__ me a cup of water？I'm so thirsty after a whole-day walk.
3．They are __carrying__ some paintings to the art gallery for the exhibition tomorrow.
4．I forgot my keys on the table.I need to __get__ them now.
play的用法
【名师解析】
(1)play后接乐器，前面要加定冠词the。如：
Can you play the guitar？你会弹吉他吗？
(2)play后接球类、象棋时不加冠词。如：
I like playing soccer with my friends.我喜欢和朋友一起去踢球。
(3)play with sb./sth.“与某人/某物一起玩”。如：
Can you come and play with us this afternoon？今天下午你来和我们一起玩吗？
(4)play还有“播放(音乐、唱片)”的含义。如：
Miss Wang often plays the tape for us to listen.王老师经常给我们放磁带听。
【知识拓展】play n．剧本；戏剧。
She wrote many good plays.她写了许多好的剧本。
【对点导练】
1．我认为踢足球是一种很好的方式来学习协作精神。
I think __playing______football__is a good way to learn the spirit of teamwork.
2．The little girl began to __play__(弹) the piano at the age of six.
need的用法
【名师解析】
(1)need意为“需要”，作行为动词，常用结构如下：
need sth.需要某物 need to do sth.需要做某事
sth. need doing＝sth. need to be done某事需要被做
(2)need作情态动词，通常用于否定句或疑问句中，后接动词原形，无人称、时态和数的变化。
needn't作为“Must…？”句式的否定回答，相当于not…have to。
(3)need还可作名词，意为“需要”。
【对点导练】
1．我需要帮助。
I __need__ __help__．
2．我需要买一支钢笔。
I need __to__ __buy__ a pen.
3．她的自行车需要修理。
Her bike __needs__ __repairing__．/Her bike __needs__ __to__ __be__ __repaired__．
4．——我必须马上做这项工作吗？
——不，没必要。
—Must I do the work at once?
—No，you __needn't__．/No，you __don't__ __have__ to.
辨析at，on，in表时间用法
【名师解析】
词汇
用法
at
常用在表示某一具体时刻的名词前
on
常用在表示星期或具体某一天及某一天上午、下午或晚上的名词前
in
常用在年、月、季节、世纪及表示泛指的上午、下午或晚上的名词前
【对点导练】
1．We will have one day off __on__ Friday.
2．—When were you born?
—I was born __on__ a cold winter morning in 1994.
3．School starts __in__ September.
4．__In__ Christmas，children stay together and play games happily.
5．Could I have an early morning call __at__ six o' clock tomorrow?
辨析watch，look，see与read
【名师解析】
词汇及用法
图示
watch指“(聚精会神地)看；注视；观察”，如看电视、比赛等
看电视watch TV
look强调“看”的动作，作不及物动词
看黑板 look at the blackboard
续表
词汇及用法
图示
see强调“看”的结果，如看电影、看病等
看电影see a film
read指“阅读”，如看书、报刊、杂志等
看报纸read the newspaper
【对点导练】
watch，see，look，read
1．—How do you like the program The Voice of China?
—What an amazing program it is！Many people like to __watch__it.
2．—What did you do last night?
—I __watched__ TV and __read__ books.
3．This is a map of China.Let's __look__at__it.
辨析sell, sale与buy
【名师解析】
(1)sell vt. 出售；销售；卖
sell sb. sth./sell sth. to sb.把某物卖给某人，如：
I sold my car to him.我把我的车卖给了他。
(2)sale n. 出售；特价销售
①for sale供销售，如：
This CD is not for sale.这个光盘不卖。
②on sale有售的；特价销售的，如：
The shirts are on sale today.今天衬衫特价销售。
(3)buy vt.购买
buy sb. sth./buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物，如：
Show me which one you like and I'll buy it for you.指给我看，你喜欢哪个，我给你买。
【对点导练】
1．学习用品大甩卖了。
The school things are __on__ great __sale__．
2．我想给我妈妈买一个生日礼物。
I want to __buy__ a birthday cake __for__ my mom.
When is your birthday？你的生日是什么时候？
【名师解析】
when疑问副词，意为“什么时候；何时”。
when连词，意为“当什么时候”，引导时间状语从句。
若主句中用一般将来时，从句中用一般现在时表将来。
【对点导练】
1．——你是什么时候离开你的家乡的？
——两年前。
—____When__ did you leave your hometown?
—Two years ago.
2．当他来时，我们正在吃晚饭。
We ____were__having__ dinner ____when__ he ____came__．
3．当我爸爸回来时，我会告诉他这个消息。
____When__ my father ____comes__ back, __I'll__ tell him the news.
第二部分：基础跟踪训练
完形填空。
On 28 of March Richard Byrd stood outside the small house.He shook hands with the men who were leaving.They were heading back to the main camp on the coast of Antarctica(南极洲)．He would __1__ to work at the base camp.
“I don't like leaving you here alone，”Pete Demas said.“I'll be __2__，”Byrd replied.He was looking forward to the challenge of spending the winter at the base camp.He would be recording the weather.There was plenty of food and fuel(燃料) in the tiny house.He felt sure __3__ would go wrong.
But something did go wrong.Byrd was burning the fuel for __4__．But the fumes(有毒气体) were not leaving the house.Slowly he was being poisoned(中毒)．On May 31 he broke down.When he came to，he made himself into his sleeping bag.Three days later he __5__ it was a Sunday.The men would be __6__ his radio message.Byrd moved hard out of bed and __7__ the call.He didn't want the men to know how __8__ he was.It was too dangerous for them to come to save him.
By will-power alone，Byrd managed to stay alive.He was so __9__ that he could hardly walk.But he forced himself to do the basics.He __10__ food and made himself eat.He took __11__ of weather and sent radio messages.But by late June，the men __12__ that something was wrong.Most of the time，Byrd's messages made no sense.
On August 11 Demas and two others reached the base camp.They __13__ recognized(认出) Byrd.He was very thin and looked terrible.Byrd __14__ them and then fell to the ground.The men had arrived in time.After two months of care，Byrd's good __15__ returned.He and his men worked together again.
( D )1.A.regret B．leave
C．agree D．stay
( B )2.A.free B．fine
C．lonely D．nervous
( D )3.A.something B．everything
C．anything D．nothing
( A )4.A.heat B．light
C．safety D．food
( D )5.A.hoped B．imagined
C．learnt D．realized
( A )6.A.expecting B．sending
C．leaving D．testing
( B )7.A.returned B．made
C．look D．missed
( C )8.A.brave B．sorry
C．sick D．calm
( B )9.A.hungry B．weak
C．tired D．cold
( A )10.A.cooked B．served
C．tasted D．stored
( B )11.A.photos B．notes
C．reports D．lessons
( C )12.A.heard B．complained
C．guessed D．discovered
( C )13.A.never B．even
C．hardly D．almost
( A )14.A.greeted B．stopped
C．thanked D．visited
( D )15.A.luck B．memory
C．dream D．health
第三部分：拓展训练题
一、阅读理解
Yang Liwei circled the earth 14 times in 21 hours on October 15 and 16, 2003, landing on the grasslands of Inner Mongolia. Looking a little tired, Yang stepped out of Shenzhou V, smiling and waving at the waiting people. “I feel very good.” Yang said to Premier Wen Jiabao on the phone. Yang said to a newspaper, “For our motherland and me, this is a great moment.”
China’s launch of Shenzhou V shows a higher starting point. It has two special systems（系统） to protect the spaceman, but neither Russian rockets（火箭）nor American ones have.
Yang didn’t know that he was chosen as China’s first spaceman until just before the launch. Although Yang was excited at the news, he still slept at 8p.m. as usual and was woken up at 8p.m. the next morning. Before the launch, Yang ate Chinese traditional food-dumplings. We all know that travelers usually eat them before going on a journey for good luck.
A stamp Success of China First Manned Space Flight was issued（发行）on October 16, 2003, making China the third country to send a spaceman into outer space.
1．It took Yang Liwei_____ to travel around the earth every circle.
A. 6 hours B. 90 minutes C. 2 days D. 21 hours
2．How did Yang Liwei feel after he came back to the earth?
A. Quite tired. B. A little scared.
C. Tired but excited. D. A little nervous
3．Which of the following statement is right?
A. There is no difference between China’s spaceship and other countries.
B. Yang Liwei knew he would be China’s first spaceman long before.
C. From the news, Yang Liwei was too excited to fall asleep.
D. Yang was proud of the flight.
4．What does the underlined word “launch” mean?
A. 发射 B. 出发 C. 制造 D. 设计
5． China issued the stamps to _________.
A. leave them in space
B. give them to Yang Liwei as a reward
C. celebrate the success
D. give them to Russian and American spacemen.
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文主要讲述了中国的航空英雄---杨利伟，他在2003年10月15日和16日在航空飞船中环绕地球14次，为中国的神舟5号展示了更高点。
1．B细节理解题。根据文中Yang Liwei circled the earth 14 times in 21 hours on October 2 and 16, 2003, landing on the grasslands of Inner Mongolia可知算出环绕地球一圈花费杨利伟90分钟。故选B。
3．C细节理解题。根据文中 Looking a little tired, Yang stepped out of Shenzhou V, smiling and waving at the waiting people. “I feel very good.”可知杨利伟返回地球感觉有点累但是很激动。 故选C。
4．D细节理解题。通读整篇文章可知杨利伟是我们的航空英雄。 故选D。
39．A词义猜测题。根据China’s launch of Shenzhou V shows a higher starting point. It has two special systems（系统） to protect the spaceman句意可知中国神舟五号的发射展示了更高起点。 故选A。
5．C细节理解题。根据文中A stamp Success of China First Manned Space Flight was issued（发行）on October 16, 2003, making China the third country to send a spaceman into outer space.可知中国发行邮票是为了庆祝中国航天飞行首次载人成功。 故选C。
【难度】较易
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C或者D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Have you ever seen the advertisement: Learn a foreign language in six weeks, __1__ give your money back? Of course, it __2__ happens quite like that. The only language __3__ to learn is the mother language. And think __4__ practice is needed for that. Before the Second World War people usually learned a foreign language __5__ the literature(文学) of the country. Now most people want to __6__ a foreign language. Every year millions of people start learning __7__.
How do they do it? Some people try at home __8__ books and tapes, others go to evening classes or watch TV programs. __9__ they use the language only 2 or 3 times a week, learning it will __10__ a long time, like language learning at school. A few people try to learn a language fast by studying for 6 or __11__ hours a day. It’s much easier to learn the language in the country where it __12__. But most people are __13__ to do this, and many people don’t have to do so. Machines and good books will be very __14__， but they can not do the students’ work. __15__ the language is learned quickly or slowly, it is hard work.
( )1. A. so B. or C. and D. but
( )2. A. can’t B. impossible C. never D. often
( )3. A. easily B. difficult C. able D. easy
( )4. A. how much B. how long C. how fast D. how many
( )5. A. studied B. to study C. studying D. study
( )6. A. talk B. tell C. speak D. say
( )7. A. them B. this C. that D. it
( )8. A. without B. with C. in D. by
( )9. A. If B. When C. Since D. Until
( )10. A. spend B. use C. take D. cost
( )11. A. some B. more C. other D. less
( )12. A. speaks B. is speaking C. spoke D. is spoken
( )13. A. able B. possible C. unable D. not possible
( )14. A. careful B. forgetful C. wonderful D. helpful
( )15. A. either B. whether C. what D. how
语篇解读：本文主要想告诉读者，学英语是一个长期而艰苦的劳动，没有任何捷径可走。无论你用什么方法学习——用书、机器或在学校，不多实践就无法达到预期的目的。
1. B。这里的or是“否则”的意思。
2. C。根据作者的观点，这种事绝对不可能发生。impossible是一个形容词，不符语法，can’t后不可能跟happens，often意思与作者的意图相反。
3. D。唯一容易学的语言是母语。这里需要一个形容词充当后置定语。
4. A。用来修饰不可数名词，只有用how much，全句意为“母语好学，还需要那么多的练习。何况外语呢？”
5. B。动词不定式充当目的状语。意为“学习外语来研究文学”。
6. C。说某种语言用speak，speak English，speak Chinese。
7. D。用it代指上文所说的a foreign language。
8. B。这里的with是“用”的意思。
9. A。作者在这里提出一种假设。如果他们一星期只有一两次使用外语。
10. C。固定短语，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。
11. B。后面省略了than 6 hours。意为6个小时或更多的时间。
12. D。it 代指上文所指的foreign language，故用被动语态。
13. C。许多人不可能做到这一点。这里不可以用not possible，因为它的主语不可以用人。
14. D。机器和书对于学习英语来说是很有帮助的。
15. B。whether...or...固定短语。
三、任务型阅读
Do you know wooden shoes? Do you know who invented them? Probably you can’t give an answer. Through the ages, wooden shoes were found all over Europe. Some even say that the French invented the wooden shoes. The fact is that nowadays wooden shoes are a true symbol of Holland.
Wooden shoes were worn by the early Germans who ruled Holland. They wore wooden shoes because wooden shoes didn't get broken easily and were cheaper than shoes made of leather (皮革). In Holland, the ground was always wet. Wooden shoes were perfect because they were water resistant(防水的) and easy to put on and take off.
At first, wooden shoes were made by hand. Special carving tools were used to make wooden shoes. The long process allowed a shoemaker to produce only three pairs each day. Today, wooden shoes are made on large machines. They are painted and decorated mostly by hand.
Wooden shoes can keep our feet dry and wearing them is even considered to be healthy. However, very few Dutchmen wear them nowadays. If you want a picture of someone wearing them, you need to travel to the countryside in search of farmers and workers.
1. Who is said to have invented the wooden shoes?
2. What were the advantages of wooden shoes?
3. How many pairs of wooden shoes did a shoemaker make each day at first?
4. How is a pair of finished wooden shoes produced today?
5. Can you see anyone wearing wooden shoes nowadays?
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了荷兰木鞋制作的发展过程和现状，以及它们深受人们欢迎的原因。
1. The French.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：据说是谁发明了木鞋？根据第一段第五句“Some even say that the French invented the wooden shoes.”可知答案。
2. They didn’t get broken easily and were cheaper than leather shoes, and they were water resistant and easy to put on and take off.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：木鞋的优点是什么？根据第二段中“...wooden shoes didn't get broken easily and were cheaper than shoes made of leather (皮革)... they were water resistant (防水的) and easy to put on and take off.”可知答案。
3. Three./3.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：起初，一个鞋匠每天可以做多少双木鞋？根据文章第三段第三句“The long process allowed a shoemaker to produce only three pairs each day.”可知一天仅可以做三双。
4. They are made on large machines, and painted and decorated mostly by hand.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：现在一双成品木鞋是怎样生产出来的？根据第三段最后两句“Today, wooden shoes are made on large machines. They are painted and decorated mostly by hand.”可知答案。
5. Yes, I can.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如今你能看到有人穿木鞋吗？根据最后一段最后一句“If you want a picture of someone wearing them, you need to travel to the countryside in search of farmers and workers.”可知在乡村还可以看到有人穿木鞋。
四、短文改错
Dear Mary,
Thanks you for your family photos . 1．
It are beautiful. 2．
Here is my family photos. 3．
Mary, I need my notebook, can you bring(带来) it to I? 4．
I has 2 basketballs, 5．
and I have 5 photoes 6．
and a eraser. 7．
I want to take(带到)a basketball to Jim school. 8.
They can play the basketball every day. 9．
I is very happy, Are you happy? 10．
参考答案
1．Thank 2．They
3．Are 4．me
5．Have 6．Photos
7．An 8．Jim’s
9．去掉the 10.am
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文是一封给Mary的回信。信中提到了他的家庭照片，他还想让Mary把他的笔记本带来。他有2个篮球，他想带一个去Jim的学校，这样他们就可以每天打篮球了，所以他很开心。
1．句意：感谢你的家庭照片。Thank you for…,因为……而感谢你，这句话知thank应该使用原形，它还有一种说法是Thanks for…。
2．句意：他们非常漂亮。根据上句话的意思可知，这里说的是family photos，家庭照片，是复数形式，因此代替它的代词也应该是复数的，故把it改为they。
3．句意：这是我的家庭照片。根据这句话的意思可知，这句话的主语应该是my family photos，是复数形式，因此动词be也应该用复数，把is 改为are。
4．句意：Mary，我需要我的笔记本，你能把它带给我吗？根据句意可知，这里的“我”在句中做的是to 的宾语，所以应该用宾格形式。I 是主格形式，故把I改为me。
5．句意：我有2个篮球。has 意思是有，它应该用于主语是第三人称单数的时候。I是第一人称，它后面应该用have。
6．句意：我有2个篮球和5张照片。photo的意思是照片，根据句意可知，我有5张照片，所以应该用复数，它的复数形式是直接在后面加s，不是加es。
7．句意：我有2个篮球、5张照片和一个橡皮。eraser 是一个名词，意思是橡皮，这个单词的第一个音是元音发音，所以不定冠词应该用an。故应该把a 改为an。
8．句意：我想带一个篮球去Jim的学校。根据句意可知，这里应该是说去Jim的学校，Jim是一个名词，这里应该把它改为所有格的形式，表示Jim的，即Jim’s。
9．句意：他们可以每天打篮球。play basketball打篮球，是一个固定的短语。在球类运动的前面不加冠词，所以把the 去掉。
10句意：我非常开心，你开心吗？这句话的主语是I，是第一人称，它后面的be动词应该是am，而不是is。is 应该用于主语是第三人称单数的时候。
