课件50张PPT。Meeting your ancestorsUnit 5 The Zhoukoudian Beijing Man Site is one of the most important world heritage(遗产) sites in China. Since the discovery was made in the 1920s, Zhoukoudian has become an important place for archaeologists from all over the world. At the site in the southwest suburb(郊区) of Beijing, there is, for example, the earliest evidence of the use of fire by humans. It has also been proved that people lived there continuously between 500,000 and 10,000 years ago.Today, however, Zhoukoudian is in serious danger. Parts of the caves have been badly affected by rain and exposure to the air. Some areas are almost completely covered in weeds, causing serious damage. Pollution from nearby cement(水泥) factories has also contributed to the problem.
The site is extremely expensive to maintain(维持) and it will cost between three and five million yuan to repair it. At the moment, visitors are not allowed to visit the caves.
Zhoukoudian is on the World Cultural Heritage List, organized by UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. The list is constantly checked. Any site which is seriously damaged or which is not properly protected is an endangered heritage, and UNESCO is very quick to do something about situations like this. They have recommended that the site be closed and repaired. If nothing is done to repair it, it could be removed from the list.This is a very serious matter and the Chinese Academy of Sciences is trying to raise public awareness about it.
Dr. Zhu Ming of the Academy said, “We have requested that the government get involved, but we also need assistance from ordinary people. They can help by contributing to the cost of repairing the caves. They are a precious part of our cultural heritage — it is of great importance that we do something. If not, it will be a catastrophe.”Section Ⅰ Warming Up and Reading 栏目导航Ⅰ.Scan the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
1.Where do the caves lie?
A.In the forest. B.On the seaside.
C.At the foot of the hill. D.Higher up the hill.
答案：D
2.Which of the following material did the earliest people in the caves used to make clothes according to the conversation?
A.leavesB.wools
C.animal skinsD.cotton
答案：C
3.From the conversation we can infer that the earliest people in the caves probably____.
A.were good at building boats
B.mainly depended on sea for a life
C.travelled to the sea
D.didn't care about their appearance
答案：C4.Which of the following is the correct order about how early people made clothes?
a.clean the fat and meat from the skin
b.cut up the animals
c.rub salt inside the skin
d.remove the skin
e.sew the pieces together
A.b—d—c—a—e B.b—d—a—c—e
C.b—a—d—c—e D.b—a—c—d—e
答案：BⅡ.Read the conversation again.Write down the three topics of the archaeologist's part of the dialogue.
Topic 1:Life in the cave
Topic 2:What we can learn from a needle
Topic 3:What we can learn from a necklaceⅢ.Complete the following passage with the words in brackets in their proper forms or the words from the text.
A group of students from England has come to the Zhoukoudian caves 1. _____ a visit. 2. ____ archaeologist is showing them round. The archaeologists 3.___________________(excavate) here for many years. After 4.________(find) human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects, they think 5.___is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold. They discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves 6.______ they made fires. Some evidence suggests that our ancestors did wear clothes 7._______ (make) from animal skins. The archaeologist also shows the students a primitive necklace 8.__________(preserve) quite well. forAnhave been excavatingfindingitwheremadepreservedIndeed, as the botanical analyses have shown us, all the fields around here 9.______(use) to be part of a large shallow lake. Perhaps there was trade between early peoples 10.____ they travelled to the seaside on their journeys. usedorPoint ? alternative n.［C］可能的选择
adj.供选择的；其他的考点一 单词点击①Can you think of the alternatives we would use today?（教材P37）
你能想出今天我们使用的替代品吗？an alternative to………的替代品
have the alternative of doing sth.有做……的选择；可以做……
There is no alternative………别无选择
have no alternative but to do sth.除了做某事别无选择②We can take a boat to Florida, and as an alternative, we can fly.
我们可以乘船去佛罗里达，另一个选择是乘飞机。
③I had no money, so I had no alternative but to stay at home.
我身无分文，只能待在家里，别无选择。单句语法填空。
（1）Now we have no alternative but ________（cancel） this contract.
单句改错。
（2）You have the alternative of speaking and keeping silent.④I have no alternative but to give up the plan.
=I have no choice but to give up the plan.
=I have nothing to do but give up the plan.
除了放弃那个计划我别无选择。to cancelorPoint ? interrupt vi.打断……讲话；打岔；阻碍；中断；插嘴
vt.暂时中断或中止①I'm sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here?(教材P38)
对不起，打断了你的讲话。不过，他们怎么能够住在这儿的?
②One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting.
一个人应描述他或她的状况，而另外一个人应该倾听而不能打断。interrupt…with 用……打断
be interrupted by 被……打断③It is not polite to interrupt a speaker with frequent questions.
不断提问打断演讲者是不礼貌的。
④They were interrupted by a sudden and urgent knock at the door.
他们被突然而急促的敲门声打断了。
interruption n.阻断物；中断，打断；打扰
without interruption 不间断地；不受打扰地⑤She has kept up physical training for several years without interruption.
她坚持锻炼，多年从未间断。
interrupt, disturb
interrupt 突然中断、打断他人的言语或行为，使其不能继续，侧重打断
disturb 较正式的用词，多用被动语态。指“扰乱”，使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的打扰
选词填空（interrupt, disturb）。
（1）She tried to explain what had happened but he kept ___________ her.
（2）If you get up early, try not to ________ anyone else.
单句语法填空。
（3）The calm of the afternoon _________________(interrupt) by a loud bang.interruptingdisturbwas interruptedPoint ? assume v.假定；设想；承担；采取；呈现assume…to be…认为……是……，假定……是……
It is assumed that………被认为①So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.(教材P38)
所以我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。②We assumed him to be the best writer of our time.
我们认为他是我们这个时代最好的作家。
③It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。
(1)assuming(that)…假定……(作状语)
(2)assumption n. 设想；假定；承担
make an assumption (about) (对……)作出假设/推测；
假定/认为……
on the assumption that 假定④Assuming that the advice is accepted, when are we going to get the money?
假定这个建议被采纳，我们什么时候能拿到钱？
⑤People make a lot of assumptions about her family background.
人们对她的家庭背景做出种种推测。
【点拨】assuming以及suppose/supposing/providing/provided后可接从句，相当于if, on condition that引导的条件状语从句。单句改错。
(1)Assume that it is true, what should we do now?
(2)We are working in the assumption that the rate of inflation will not increase next year.AssumingonPoint ? sharpen vi.& vt.(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰；(使)强烈①We continue discovering tools that were sharpened for other tools.(教材P38)
我们不断发现一些磨削其他工具用的工具。
②My pencil is blunt, so could you lend me a knife to sharpen it?
我的铅笔钝了，你能借我把刀子削一削吗？
③The soldiers sharpened up their knives.
战士们把刀磨得锋利。④Generations of urban living sharpened their wits.
世代居住在城市里使他们磨炼了才智。
⑤The tone of his letters has sharpened （is becoming less friendly） recently.
他最近来信的口气变得刻薄起来。
sharp adj.锋利的,尖锐的;急转的,陡峭;突然的,急剧的⑥a sharp turn急转弯
⑦a sharp increase 急剧增加单句语法填空。
(1)Coffee became popular with scholars as it _________(sharpen) the mind rather than dulled it like alcohol.
解析：句意：咖啡在学者中间开始流行，因为它能使思维变得敏锐，而不是像酒精那样让它迟钝。
(2)Language is not only knowledge; it is a skill which needs ______________________(sharpen) by using in the real world.
解析：句意：语言不仅仅是一种知识，它是一种需要在真实世界中打磨的技能。sharpenedto be sharpened/sharpeningPoint ? regardless of 不管；不顾；不理会考点二 短语诠释①So we think it is reasonable to assume they live in these caves, regardless of the cold.(教材P38)
因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。
②He stood for freedom of speech for everyone regardless of color,race or creed.
他主张不分肤色、种族或信仰，人人都有言论自由。
③The fields give high and stable yields regardless of clamatic circumstances.
不管天气条件如何，这块地总是保持稳产高产。
（1）regardless of “不管；不顾”，常接名词短语。
（2）although/though“虽然，尽管”，常接从句。
（3）however/no matter how“无论……”，常接从句。
（4）in spite of/despite “虽然，尽管”，常接名词短语；有时也用于in spite of/despite the fact that…结构。【注意】regardless of强调“不认为……重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，而despite和in spite of有“尽管……但是……”之意，一般情况下可互换使用。体会：不管费用多少，我们必须采取一切措施抢救这位老人。
④Regardless of expense,we must take every measure to save the old man's life.
⑤In spite of/Despite the fact that how much it will cost,we must take every measure to save the old man's life.
⑥No matter how/However much it will cost,we must take every measure to save the old man's life.
⑦Although it costs too much,we must take every measure to save the old man's life.单句改错。
(1)He continued speaking, regardless about my feelings on the matter.
(2)They remain friends despite of all their differences.
解析：despite+名词，尽管……。of Point ? at most=at the most至多；不超过①It's at most three centimetres long.(教材P38)
这东西最多三厘米长。
②He'll be back in five minutes,ten minutes at most.
他会在五分钟后回来，最多十分钟。
③Perhaps you cycle to school or to work ,or maybe at most a short cycling trip with friends?
或许你骑自行车去上学或去上班，或者最多与朋友一起骑自行车旅行？
at least=at the least至少
at any price/rate 无论如何；不惜任何代价
at full/great length 极详细地；全身平伸地
at large 逍遥法外的
at (the) best 最多，充其量
at (the) worst 在最坏的情况下④It is better to get to the airport in advance of at least an hour.
最好提前至少一小时到达机场。
⑤If she really wanted him back that badly,at least she would have called him,but she didn't.
如果她真那么想让他回来，至少可以给他打个电话啊，但她根本没打。选用以上短语的适当形式填空。
(1)The thieves are still _______, and because of the lack of evidence， it is unlikely that they will ever be brought to justice.
解析：句意：这群窃贼仍然逍遥法外，并且由于证据不足的缘故很可能无法定罪。
(2)I've spoken _________________ about the importance of owning your own time.
解析：句意：我已经详细地讲过拥有自己时间的重要性。
at largeat great/full length(3)Although he is poor, ________ he is honest.
解析：句意：虽然他穷，但他至少是诚实的。
(4)Don't expect much of him; he is _______ a student.
解析：句意：不要对他期望过多；他充其量是个学生。at leastat bestPoint ? cut up切碎；使伤心；严厉批评①It seems that they used the sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skin.（教材P38）
看样子他们是用磨尖的石器切割野兽并剥皮。
②This piece of material may be cut up to make a pair of trousers.
这块布料可以裁成一条裤子。
③The article was severely cut up by some critics.
那篇文章曾受到一些评论家严厉的抨击。
④I cut up the cake and gave each child one piece.
我把蛋糕切开，给每个孩子各一份。
cut off 切断；剪掉
cut down 砍伐；削减
cut in 打断
cut out 剪去，删去;略去
cut into pieces 切成碎片⑤She was much cut up about his brother's accident.
弟弟出事了，这让她很伤心。选用以上短语的适当形式填空。
（1）Let's ________ the chicken and make some soup.
（2）The floods have _______ our supplies.
（3）Don't try to ________ while others are talking.
（4）The coal industry was ________ to half of its former size.cut upcut offcut incut down考点三 句型归纳Point ? must的“推测”功能You must be aware that it's here that we found evidence of some of the earliest people who lived in this part of the world.（教材P38）
想必你们知道,正是在这儿我们找到了居住在世界这个部分最早人类的证据。
点拨：本句中的must用于对肯定或有把握的事情或情况表示推测，意思是“必定，准是”。常用于以下四种结构中：（1）must+do表示对现在情况的推测。
①—He entered the room just now.He must be here.
——他刚刚进屋，他一定在这里。
—I'm sorry he isn't here.He must have left already.
——抱歉，他不在这儿。他准是走了。
（2）must+have done表示对过去情况的推测。
②He must have stayed up last night,for he is a little tired in the morning.
他昨晚一定熬夜了，因为他早晨就有点疲惫。（3）must+be doing表示对正在发生的动作或将要发生的动作的推测。
③There will be an English test tomorrow.He must be preparing for it now.
明天要考英语，他现在一定在准备考试。
（4）must have been doing表示对过去某个时候或某段时间正在发生的动作的推测。
④I must have been sleeping when you telephoned me last night.
当你昨晚给我打电话的时候我一定正在睡觉。
can/could,may/might 的推测功能：
（1）can/could 通常用于疑问句和否定句中表示推测。
That can't be our class teacher.He has gone to Beijing.
那一定不是我们的班主任，他已经去北京了。
（2）may/might用于肯定句和否定句中表示推测。
（3）在肯定句中表示推测时must的语气比may/might强。
（4）在否定句中表示推测时can/could的语气比may/might强。
（5）情态动词can/could，must和may/might表示推测时，其反义疑问句不能用情态动词，必须去掉情态动词之后在句子本来意义的基础上进行反问。⑤He must have seen the film.可以理解为He has seen the film，所以反义疑问句用hasn't he？
⑥He must have seen the film yesterday.可以理解为He saw the film yesterday，所以反义疑问句用didn't he？单句语法填空。
(1)I have lost one of my gloves. I ___________________(drop) it somewhere in the library this afternoon.
(2)The light is still on in our teacher's office; he _________________(mark) our exam papers now.must have droppedmust be marking Point ? as引导的非限制性定语从句Yes,indeed,as the botanical analyses have shown us,all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.（教材P39）
确实,正如植物学分析显示给我们的那样,附近所有的土地都曾是大型浅湖的一部分。
点拨：此处as引导的是非限制性定语从句，译作“正如……那样”。 as引导非限制性定语从句时，位置比较灵活，除了常置于句首外，还可以位于句中或句末。①As the proverb goes,“The enemy in disguise is just like the wolf in sheep's clothing.”
正如谚语所说的那样,伪装的敌人就像是披着羊皮的狼。（句首）
②Mike，as we expected，attended the meeting.
像我们所期望的那样，迈克参加了会议。（句中）
③He wasn't unconscious，as could be judged from his eyes.
他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神可以判断出来。（句尾）
as 与which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别：
（1）相同点：
既可指代某一先行词，也可指代整个主句的内容，译作“这一点”，有时可互换。
④He is quite pleased， as／which can be seen from his face.
他非常高兴，从他的表情可以看出来。
（2）不同点：
1）位置不同：as引导的非限定性定语从句可以放在句首、句中，而which引导的非限定性定语从句不能放在句首。
2）意义不同：as引导的非限定性定语从句时，还可译为“正如……一样；就如……一样”，具有方式意味；而which不能；as引导的非限定性定语从句表示说话的依据、态度、解释或评论等，常用于as we all know（=as it is known to us all）,as is said（reported,mentioned,etc.） above,as it is等。which引导的非限定性定语从句表示某事的状态或结果。
3）逻辑关系不同： 当主、从句在意义上构成因果关系时，常用which代替as。如：
⑤Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, which, of course, made the others envy him.
海伦对自己最小的儿子比其他孩子都要好，这一点使其他孩子很嫉妒。单句改错。
(1)The number of smokers, it is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
(2)Which we have stressed many times, “serve the people” is our first policy.asAsUnit 5 Meeting your ancestors Section 1 Warming Up and Reading
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.It is a great pleasure to be invited (invite) to speak here.
解析：考查动词不定式。It is a great pleasure to do sth.很高兴做某事，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。
2.“You can't judge a book by its cover，” as the old saying goes.
解析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：正如古训所说“人不可貌相，海水不可斗量”。as引导的非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句的内容,意为“正如”。
3.(2016·北京卷改编）—Excuse me,which movie are you wait-ing for?
—The new Star Wars.We have been waiting (wait) here for more than two hours.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：——打扰一下，请问你在等哪部电影？——刚上映的《星球大战》。我们在这里已等了两个多小时。根据语境，说话时还在等。故用现在完成进行时。
4.I had no alternative but to report (report) him to the police.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：除了向警察举报他，我别无选择。have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做……。
5.It is reasonable to assume (assume) that the economy will continue to improve.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：认为经济继续好转是有道理的。It is reasonable to do sth.做某事是有道理的。
6.The expression on his face suggested that he was (be) very angry.
解析：考查谓语的时态。句意：他脸上的表情表明他很生气。suggest在本句中表示“暗示，表明”，后接宾语从句时，从句用陈述语气而不用虚拟语气。
7.It seemed that they used the sharpened (sharpen) stone tools to cut up animals and removed the skins.
解析：句意：他们似乎用磨尖的石器来切割野兽并剥皮。sharpened 过去分词作定语，表示被动完成的动作；cut up切碎。
8.（2016·江苏卷改编）Many young people,most of whom were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
解析：考查定语从句。young people是先行词，most of whom其中大部分，表示整体中的一部分，引导定语从句。
9.（2016·天津卷改编）The teacher must have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn't have wasted time on him, I suppose.
解析：考查情态动词。句意：我猜想，老师肯定认为约翰是值得培养的，不然她不会在他身上浪费时间的。must have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推测, 表示 “一定……”。
10.He insisted on trying， regardless of the possible bad consequences.
解析：考查介词短语。句意：他全然不顾可能产生的后果，执意要试一试。regardless of不管，不顾。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.（2016·浙江卷改编）I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students.
解析：考查非谓语动词，句意：我以前在航海中所获得的快乐与现在从跟学生在一起的工作中所获得的快乐一样多。have fun doing做某事很开心；as…as句型，句中do替代have fun。
2.I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there.
解析：考查情态动词。句意:我告诉你朋友该怎么去旅馆, 但或许我应该开车送她去那。might have done（过去）可能做过；should have done本应该做（而事实上没做）。
3.The primitive people picked fruit when it was ripened.
解析：考查谓语动词的语态。ripen成熟，不及物动词，没有被动语态。
4.You don't know that our school used to be a part of a large pond.
解析：考查冠词。句意：你不知道我们学校曾经是一个大池塘的一部分。part of………的一部分。
5.Many fans hate it when their favorite stars wear clothes entirely of animal skins.
解析：考查非谓语动词。made entirely of animal skins过去分词短语作定语，表示make与clothes之间是被动关系。
6.（2016·北京卷改编）I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.
解析：考查定语从句，句意：我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们的孩子总是弄出很大的响声。couple是先行词，在定语从句中充当定语，故用whose。
7.（2016·江苏卷改编）It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
解析：考查主语从句。句型It is often the case that…，……是常有的情况。It是形式主语，that引导主语从句。
8.It was here we found evidence of some of the earliest people.
解析：考查强调句型。强调副词here，用句型it is…that…。
9.Layers of ashes almost six meters thick suggest that the earliest people might the fire burning all winter.
解析：考查情态动词。might do或许/可能做某事，对现在情况进行没有把握的推测；might have done可能做了某事，对过去的情况进行没有把握的推测。
10.Does the needle mean that they repaired things?
解析：考查非谓语动词。the sewing needle缝纫针，sewing是动名词作定语，表示用途；sewn过去分词，表示被缝制的，强调被动完成的动作。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Fish have different personalities which change as they experience life's highs and lows， according to British biologists.
Researchers identified different“personalities” in their fish by observing the boldness or shyness of individuals， according to The Nature.Like people，some fish are very confident in the face of novelty(新奇事物) or conflict， while others are silent and fearful.
The scientists selected particularly bold and shy rainbow trout， and tested whether they changed their outlook depending on what life threw at them.They arranged some fish to fight and others to watch to see how both the participants and observers responded to victories and defeats.Winning or losing a fight， or even watching fellow fish overcome the difficulties influenced the future behavior of the creatures studied in the lab.
The researchers made fish compete with much larger or smaller opponents，to ensure that they would win or lose their fights.These bold fish that won their fights tended to be even bolder when later presented with a novel food item；losing their fights caused them to be much more cautious.
Fish also learn by watching others.Bold fish watching a shy fish exploring a mystery object were much more nervous when later given a novelty item for themselves.
“Predictably，shy fish that won a fight also gained more confidence，but surprisingly，shy fish that lost their fights also grew bolder when exploring strange new food，”Sneddon said，adding that this could be due to what she calls the “desperado effect”(亡命之徒效应).
The new research suggests that animals can gradually adapt their personalities.The results echo the effects that life experience can have on human.
语篇导读
科学家通过对鱼类进行试验证明了它们有很强的适应能力。
1.What does the underlined word“creatures” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?
A.Fish. B.Participants.
C.Observers. D.Researchers.
解析：A 词义猜测题。由画线词后面的“studied in the lab”可推知，creatures指fish。
2.The third paragraph of the text is mainly about_____ .
A.a conclusion of the research
B.an explanation of fish characters
C.a statement of the experiment
D.a description of fish fights
解析：C 段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要陈述了在实验室里试验的步骤、方法和得出的结论。故C项正确。
3.What can we know from the research?
A.Bold losing fish become bolder when presented with a novel food item.
B.Losing their fights causes the bold fish to be much more courageous.
C.Bold fish watching a shy fish exploring a mystery get less nervous.
D.Shy fish losing fights grow more confident in exploring new food.
解析：D 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“shy fish that lost their fights also grew bolder when exploring strange new food”可知，D项正确。
4.What's the main idea of the text?
A.Fish have stress in the fierce fights.
B.Fish care about winning or losing a fight.
C.Fish have adaptable personalities.
D.Fish can learn a lot by watching others.
解析：C 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是文章的第一段及最后一段的第一句可知，本文主要介绍了鱼的适应能力强。
Love and friendship
They are both so much related to each other.And both are so dissimilar! What are the differences between friendship and love? Is platonic（柏拉图式的）friendship possible between persons of the opposite sex? 5.______
What is friendship? Why do we call a person our friend? When do we call someone a very good friend? If we care for a person, if we are always ready to help that person and if we share most of our thoughts with a person, they are our good friends.We can always count upon our good friends in an emergency.We are always sure that our friends will understand why we acted in a certain way.6._____ The friendship is so deep and the relationship is so intimate, that most of the things are automatically understood by our friends.
7._____ In a relationship of deep love, all the sharing that we discussed above is taken for granted.But love transcends（超出）all this.During love, we are attached with a particular person, while in friendship, one may have many friends.A loving relationship makes one so much attached to the other that one gets pained if his/her beloved is hurt! Love also involves a physical element.8.______ This is a vital difference.Nature gives us love so that the species can go forward.Nature does not give us friendship.
Your heart beats will never increase in anticipation of meeting your friend.9._____ You will not feel totally lost, if you don't meet your friend for a few days.You will not have dreams in your eyes thinking about your friend.But in love, you will do all this and much more.Indeed, there is no comparison between love and friendship.
A.What about love?
B.My answer is “Yes”.
C.Let us try and understand.
D.Friendship does not have that.
E.We need not explain anything to our very good friends.
F.You will not lie awake at night thinking about your friend.
G.The physical element may include hand in hand while walking.
语篇导读
本文是说明文，讲述了友谊和爱情的区别。
5.C 解析：上句是提出关于友谊和爱情的问题，下文就说明它们的区别。故选C。我们试着去理解它们。
6.E 解析：下文谈到好朋友会自觉去彼此理解对方，所以此处提到不必向好朋友解释什么。故选E。
7.A 解析：下句提到爱情，所以此处是主题句，什么是爱情？故选A。
8.D 解析：下句提到它们有重大的差别；上文提到爱情有身体反应，深深迷恋对方。故空白处选D，友谊没有那样的反应。
9.F 解析：上下文谈到没有遇到朋友时你的反应。故此处也应该谈到这样的情景。故选F。
Ⅳ.短文改错
I was taking a train to London's Victoria Station.I had noticed that the carriage was and filled with people.
Before long, a train inspector to check our tickets.A passenger realized he couldn't find his ticket became quite upset.Then everyone in the carriage began searching the ticket, which was eventually found under a seat several rows from owner.The person who found ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.
No one in the carriage had spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before.Yet, they had so quickly offered the their help.If we could show concern to others need,the world would be a better place to live in.
1.解析：考查动词时态。本文讲述的是发生在过去的一件事情,故用一般过去时。
2.解析：考查形容词。 句中was为系动词,其后应该跟形容词noisy作表语。
3.解析：考查动词时态。此处在叙述过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。
4.解析：考查连词。句意:一位乘客意识到找不到自己的车票了,就变得非常担心。上下两个分句之间为顺承关系而非转折关系,故用and。
5.解析：考查动词搭配。 search for寻找、搜寻,固定搭配。search搜(身)。
6.解析：考查代词。 此处意为“车票的主人”,而非“他的主人”,故用its/the。
7.解析：考查冠词。此处特指“那张车票”。
8.解析：考查副词。此处previously修饰的是谓语动词had spoken to,故用副词形式。
9.解析：考查名词单复数。此处特指“丢失车票的那个陌生人”,应该是一个人,故用单数形式。
10.解析：考查介词。in need贫困的,固定搭配。
Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors Section 1 Warming Up and Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写 根据首字母或汉语提示写出下列各句中的单词。
1.I'm sorry, but there is no alternative (选择) but to sell the car to pay him back.
2. Assuming (假定) that the proposal is accepted, when do you think we can get the money?
3.There are various branches of science and botany falls into the category (范畴) of biology.
4.Our cat likes to sharpen (削尖) her claws on the legs of the dining table.
5.Some flatmates are neat and tidy while others are very messy (凌乱的).
6.Don't interrupt (打断……讲话) the speaker now; he will answer questions later.
7. Analysis (分析) of the wine indicated that it contained dangerous additives(添加剂).
8.There is ample (足够的) evidence to prove his guilt.
9.I had read about another account(描述) of the story so I began to doubt the accuracy (准确) of his report.
10.We've fixed the date for the outing and we'll go regardless of (不管) wind or rain.
Ⅱ.选词填空 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。
1.John was cut up about his failure to beat Mary.
2.The work will be completed within four hours at most .
3.After class, Lily and Xiao Yang showed Tom round the college.
4.You cannot expect her to do the housework as well as look after the children.
5.She spent an amount of money on clothes yesterday.
6.A selfish person does not care about other people's problems.
7.The laws apply to everyone regardless of race, creed(宗教信条) or colour.
8.In our country people have to wear the thickest jacket to keep out the cold in winter.
9.He pretended not to be aware of my presence.
10.He tried to remove the mud from his shoes.
课件10张PPT。Meeting your ancestorsUnit 5 Section Ⅱ Learning about Language栏目导航考点 语法细解现在完成进行时
一、现在完成进行时的定义
现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。如：
We have been waiting for him for two hours.
我们等他等了两个小时。
二、现在完成进行时的结构
现在完成进行时由“have/has been + 现在分词”构成。三、现在完成进行时的应用
1.表示动作从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在并有可能延续下去，常与for，since引出的时间状语连用。
①I have been teaching English for almost twenty years.
我教英语将近有20年了。
2.表示动作刚刚结束。
②Where have you been? I have been waiting for you in the rain two hours.
你去哪了?我在雨中等了你两个小时。(动作刚结束)3.表示动作的重复(指断断续续，而非一直不停)。
③They have been discussing the matter several times this year.
他们今年已经数次讨论那件事了。(动作重复)
4.表示某种感彩。
④I have been telling you not to make trouble.
我一直劝你不要找麻烦。(表示一种情绪)
点拨：
（1）有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时：
状态动词be, have, exist；
情感动词like, love, hate, detest；感官动词see, hear, know, feel, sound；
短暂性动词finish, marry, get up, come, go等。
⑤They have gone to Shanghai.
他们已经去上海了。
⑥They have been to Shanghai.
他们曾去过上海。
⑦We have already finished the work.
我们已经完成了工作。(2)现在完成进行时常用的时间状语有：this month/week/year, these days, recently/lately, in the past few+时间段，since+时间点，for+时间段。如：
⑧They have been building the bridge for two months.
两个月来他们一直在修桥。
⑨They have been planting trees this month.
这个月来他们一直在植树。四、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1.现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果，而现在完成进行时则更强调动作的延续性。
①We have been cleaning the classroom.
我们一直在打扫教室。
②We have cleaned the classroom.
我们已打扫了教室。
2.如果要明确表示现在的动作要进行下去，就得用现在完成进行时，而不能用现在完成时。③The rescue team has been working for two hours, but they still haven't found the missing boy.
救援队一直工作了两个小时，但仍然没有找到那个失踪的男孩儿。
现在完成进行时与现在完成时相比，更强调动作从过去到现在一直持续或者反复进行。
3.表示状态、感觉和心理状态的静态动词一般不会用于现在完成进行时。如果要表示状态延续到现在，可用现在完成时。
④I have known him since 1994.
我从1994年就认识他了。
不能说：I have been knowing him since 1994.4.有些延续性动词(如keep, learn, live, stay, study, work等)，用于现在完成时或现在完成进行时的区别不大。如：
⑤I have lived here for many years.
=I have been living here for many years.
我在这儿住了多年了。Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors Section 2 Learning about Language
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.（2016·江苏卷改编）Dashan, who has been learning （ learn） crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：大山，多年来一直学习中国传统的喜剧相声，想把西方的单口表演与中国相声相结合。题干中有for decades，强调学习的动作从过去某个时间开始，一直持续到现在，并有持续下去的趋势。故用现在完成进行时。
2.（2016·浙江卷改编） Silk had become (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：大约公元前100年，丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上最主要的交易商品之一。根据句意以及by about 100 BC可知，强调过去的过去的动作，故用过去完成时。
3. The students have been working (work) hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded success in the end.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：学生们一直在努力学习，他们的付出最终会获得成功的。根据题干可知，强调work的动作一直进行，故用现在完成进行时。
4.Over the past ten years, the sea level has been rising (rise) as a result of global warming.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：由于全球变暖，在过去的十年中，海平面一直在上升。根据题意可知，rise动作从过去某个时间开始，一直持续到现在，并有持续下去的趋势。故用现在完成进行时。
5.If times have changed (change), have our ways of thinking changed too？
解析：考查动词时态。句意：如果时代变了，我们的思维方式也会变吗？根据下文too以及谓语动词时态，可知用现在完成时，强调change的动作完成。
6.Our boss has been promising (promise) a raise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：我们的老板一直许诺加薪好些年了，可到现在什么动静也没有。 现在完成进行时强调promise这个动作一直持续到现在，并有持续下去的趋势。
7.Recently I have been occupying (occupy) myself in writing my report on endangered animals, which is due to be handed in next Monday.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：近来我一直忙于写我的有关濒危动物的报告，这份报告定于下周一上交。根据题干可知，强调occupy的动作一直进行，故用现在完成进行时。
8.I, in common with many other middle-aged men, have met (meet) with the embarrassment of unemployment during the past ten years.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：在过去的十年，我和很多其他中年人一样也遭遇过失业的尴尬。meet with遭遇,短暂性动作动词，一般不用在完成进行时中，这里强调动作的完成。
9.My 10-year-old son had been taking （take）apart the old clock and fixing it up again for several times before I came back home.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：我回到家之前，我10岁大的儿子已经把这个旧钟表拆卸并重新组装了好几回了。根据before从句以及and fixing it up，可知这里用过去完成进行时，强调过去某个时间前一直进行的动作。
10.My brother is an actor.He has appeared in several films so far.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：我哥哥是个演员。到目前为止他已在几部电影里出现。so far(到目前为止)通常与现在完成时连用。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn't stopped ringing.People to ask how I am going to spend the money.
解析：考查动词时态。这里指赢大奖以来人们一直打电话询问我打算怎样花这笔钱。强调近阶段正在发生的事, 用现在进行时。
2.I won't tell the student the answer to the math problem until he been working on it for more than an hour.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：这个学生至少要在这数学题上花1个小时，我才会告诉他答案。主句为一般将来时态,until 时间状语从句需用一般现在时或现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
3.I have lived in London for many years, but I've never regretted my final decision to move back to China.
解析：考查动词时态。根据后一句判断, 我已回中国了, 因此在伦敦住了多年是过去的事了, 故用过去时态。
4.The construction of the two new railway lines has been by now.
解析：考查动词时态。从by now这个时间状语来看, 应用现在完成时；construction 与complete之间是被动关系，故用被动语态的完成时。
5.They became friends again that day.Until then, they spoken to each other for nearly two years.
解析：考查动词时态。到过去某个时间为止 ，即then，所完成的动作用过去完成时态。
6.Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she studying English for a year.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：Cathy正在Sunshine School的课堂上记语法规则的笔记, 她已在那儿学了一年英语。此处应用现在完成进行时态, 表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作, 还有可能持续下去。
7.Danny hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.
解析：句意：丹尼努力工作来实现他的梦想, 现在, 他大受欢迎了。根据now he is popular以及for long可知，这里强调work动作已完成, 故应用现在完成时。
8.He had played football regularly for many years when he was young.
解析：考查动词时态。由句中regularly以及when he was young可知，强调过去某个时间内经常性、习惯性的动作, 故用一般过去时。
9.I like these English songs and they have been many times on the radio.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：我喜欢这些英语歌曲, 它们在收音机里已经被教过多次了。此处用现在完成时态表示结果, 且songs与teach之间是被动关系。
10.I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn't get through.Her brother on the phone all the time!
解析：考查动词时态。句意：昨天晚上我给汉娜打过很多次电话, 就是打不通。她的哥哥一直在电话上说个不停。此处用过去进行时态,表示过去某一时间段内一直在进行的动作。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
（2016·辽宁师大附中高二期中）Animals have always been used to represent certain human characteristics.Countries also use animals as symbols.From eagles to lions， many countries use an animal to show its national spirit and character.
The image of an eagle is on the US President's flag， and on the one-dollar bill.The bald eagle is a large， powerful， brown bird with a white head and tail.The term “bald” does not mean that this bird lacks feathers.Instead，it comes from the old word “piebald”，that means，“marked with white”.
The US declared that the eagle was its national bird in 1782.It was chosen because of “its long life， great strength， and noble looks”.
A few eagles have even become American heroes.An eagle named “Old Abe”，the mascot of a Wisconsin troop of soldiers during the Civil War， traveled 14，000 miles with its men.He was often shot at by the enemy， but survived 42 battles.
But，one of the Founding Fathers，Benjamin Franklin didn't agree with the choice.“The bald eagle is a bird of bad moral character，like those among men who live by robbing，he is generally poor， and often very messy，” he argued.Franklin wanted the turkey as the country's national bird.
If Americans chose their national symbol deliberately，the symbol of England arose out of history.
King HerryⅠ(1068～1135) was a brave warrior but also wise.His appreciation for the rule of law earned him the nickname the Lion of Justice.He was the first English King to use a lion as a royal symbol，which is popularly known as the “king of the jungle”.By the year RichardⅠ， known as “The Lionheart” for his bravery，came to the throne in 1189，the famous Three Lions badge had been formed.Now it can be seen on the shirts of England's sports teams.
Although people might not think of lions when they think of England，everyone knows about the Australian kangaroo.Legend has it that the kangaroo gets its name from an early meeting between local aborigines and white settlers.When asked by the Europeans what these strange looking animals were，a native replied “kangaroo”， meaning “I don't understand you.”
The kangaroo is an individualistic animal.Although it does gather in groups， the kangaroo is not a herd animal.If a group is attacked，individuals run off in different directions.Australians think the kangaroo represents positive values， such as individual responsibility and pride.
语篇导读
人类常常用动物来代表一些性格特征。动物也被许多国家拿来代表它们的民族精神或民族性格特点。文章介绍了美国、英国和澳大利亚的代表性动物。
1.The general idea of this passage should probably be______ .
A.animals are friends of human beings
B.nearly all the countries have an animal as their national animal
C.animals' good values are always used to show a country's national spirit and character
D.certain human characteristics are the same as some animals，so some countries love animals
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，动物常被用来代表人类的一些特点。许多国家也用动物来象征它们的民族精神和性格特点。故选C。
2.Which is NOT true about the animal of the “bald eagle”？
A.It was Benjamin Franklin who made the bald eagle as the national animal of the USA.
B.The term “bald” means “marked with white”.
C.The bald eagle can show American national spirit and character.
D.“Old Abe” was even an American hero.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第五段“But，one of the Founding Fathers，Benjamin Franklin…Franklin wanted the turkey as the country's national bird.”可知，本杰明富兰克林是开国者之一，而不是他把秃头鹰作为美国的象征。他想把火鸡作为美国的象征。故选A。
3.The reason why the lion was made as the national animal of the United Kingdom was that______.
A.it could always be used to represent certain human chara-cteristics of England
B.the Kings of England loved lions
C.there are many lions in England
D.lions are “king of the jungle”
解析：A 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“earned him the nickname the Lion of Justice…use a lion as a royal symbol…The Lionheart…the famous Three Lions badge…”可知，狮子作为英国的象征是历史发展的结果。故选A。
4.What good values can the kangaroo show as national spirits?
A.Group. B.Respect of others.
C.Not understanding. D.Positive values.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“the kangaroo is not a herd animal…Australians think the kangaroo represents positive values”可知，袋鼠不是群居动物，排除A；澳大利亚人认为袋鼠代表着一些积极的价值。故选D。
Ⅳ.完形填空
I guess you can say I'm not healthy.I throw up almost everything I 1 , and I have no idea what is going on with my body in the 2 of doing it.I'm 17 years old, and I have been suffering from this 3 for about 6 months.That doesn't seem like a 4 time, but those 6 months feel like 6 years.
I was never 5 or even close to it.I've always been short and in shape, but it 6 me every time to see a really pretty girl because I 7 think, “Why can't I 8 like that?” Also, the town I live in is full of drugs, 9 , and drinking, and I've fallen into all of those.I'm tired of the 10 that I have been living.My parents are 11 in me and practically think I'm a failure.I'm always worried if my trousers are going to 12 me the next day.And on top of that, I'm 13 friends because they think I've changed.
Bulimia（暴食症） is a black hole that, 14 you have entered, it is extremely hard to get out.And if you do get out, you are so 15 .
I hope that someday I can say I've 16 from this terrible thing, because all I want to do is to live my life and not to have to 17 my weight all the time.
At the point I'm going, I might end up in the 18 , and that is what frightens me most.All I can do is to try and get the 19 I need.However, I know the best help comes from my heart and the actual need within me to 20 this illness.
语篇导读
本文是一篇记叙文，作者是一名暴食症患者，她描述了自己身患暴食症后的痛苦感受。
1.A.remember B.see C.read D.eat
解析：D 此处的eat与上文的throw up相对应，作者将吃进的大部分食物又都吐了出来。
2.A.experiment B.purpose C.process D.plan
解析：C 作者不知道自己的身体在这个“过程”（吃然后吐的过程）中到底怎么了。
3.A.accident B.illness C.loss D.punishment
解析：B 上文的suffer from给出了暗示，文章最后的illness也可看出。
4.A.free B.meaningful C.bad D.long
解析：D 根据空后的“those 6 months feel like 6 years”可知，虽然6个月的时间看似不算长（long），但对作者而言就像6年一样煎熬。
5.A.fat B.rude C.sick D.wrong
解析：A 根据下一句中的in shape可知，作者以前不胖（fat）。
6.A.shocks B.kills C.excites D.encourages
解析：B 作者每次见到漂亮的女孩，都感觉非常痛苦难受。故kill才是合适的选择。
7.A.always B.sometimes C.also D.even
解析：A 每当看到那些漂亮的女孩，她总会有这样的想法。always总是，符合题意。
8.A.feel B.look C.sound D.taste
解析：B 语意：为什么自己不能像她那样好看呢？look like看起来像，符合题意。
9.A.parties B.matches C.lessons D.lectures
解析：A 此处与空前后的drugs和drinking构成并列。作者所住的小镇里都是吸毒、狂欢和酗酒的人。parties狂欢聚会，符合题意。
10.A.dream B.belief C.life D.food
解析：C 此处为live a…life搭配。作者厌倦了自己的生活方式。
11.A.pleased B.honest C.interested D.disappointed
解析：D 根据空后的a failure可知，父母对作者很失望，他们认为她很失败。
12.A.carry B.support C.fit D.attack
解析：C 作者心理负担很重，一直担心第二天自己的裤子是否还“适合”自己，即担心自己变胖，第二天裤子就穿不下了。fit sb（衣服）合某人的身。
13.A.blaming B.losing C.visiting D.making
解析：B 最糟糕的是，因为作者行为和外貌上的变化，朋友们在离她而去。blame责备；lose失去；visit拜访；make交（朋友）。故选B。
14.A.once B.although C.unless D.because
解析：A 暴食症就犹如一个黑洞，一旦你掉进去，就会万劫不复。once一旦，引导状语从句。
15.A.friendly B.lovely C.busy D.lucky
解析：D 如果你真的能克服暴食症（走出暴食症这个黑洞），那你就很幸运了。
16.A.suffered B.returned C.recovered D.separated
解析：C 作者真的希望有一天自己能康复，不再暴食。recover from从……康复。
17.A.add to B.worry about
C.talk about D.depend on
解析：B 作者想过属于自己的正常生活，不用再每天为自己的体重担心。
18.A.hospital B.school C.house D.station
解析：A 根据空前的end up可知，作者认为也许自己会病重住院。
19.A.education B.space C.help D.money
解析：C 下一句的the best help提示，此处指的是得到自己所需要的帮助。
20. A.catch B.spread C.forget D.stop
解析：D 作者知道最好的帮助源于自己的内心，源于自己对戒除暴食症的强烈需求。
Ⅴ.语法填空
Nowadays, many young people who work in big cities 1. rarely (rare) return home to see their old parents, who, 2. However ， expect their children 3. to be (be) back to have dinners with them, or just make a phone call every day,4. especially (especial) during festivals.As a result, they often become 5. disappointed (disappoint).
In my opinion, the old don't ask for much.They simply hope their children can come back, talk with them and have a meal together.But the young fail 6. to do (do) so. They think the old are satisfied as long as they have enough to eat and drink.7. In fact, they can easily feel 8. lonely (lone) and they often miss their children.So the young should spend more time with their parents and also it's time that our society 9.took/should take(take) some measures to solve this problem and call on everyone to care about the old.Only in this way can we make our society 10. more beautiful(beauty).
语篇导读
现在年轻人在大城市里打拼，很少回家看望父母。因为工作压力大，希望父母理解。
1.解析：修饰实义动词用副词。
2.解析：该空表示转折，后跟逗号，故用 however。
3.解析：expect sb.to do sth.期望某人做某事。
4.解析：especially 尤其。
5.解析：修饰人用-ed 形式的形容词。disappointed 失望的。
6.解析：fail 后跟不定式形式。
7.解析：in fact 实际上。
8.解析：feel lonely 感到孤独。
9.解析：it's time that…从句中用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，用一般过去时或should＋动词原形。
10.解析：make 后用形容词作宾补,强调这样的话我们会使社会更美好。
Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors Section 2 Learning about Language
单句语法填空。
1.—Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and has been writing (write) his essay there ever since.
2.Marty has been working (work) really hard on his book and thinks he'll have finished it by Friday.
3.—Tony, why are your eyes red?
—I have been cutting (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.
4.Since the time humankind started gardening, we have been trying (try) to make our environment more beautiful.
5.The manager has been telling (tell) the workers how to improve the program since 9 a.m.
6.Sorry, I'm full. I have had (have) supper already.
7.She has learned/has been learning (learn) English for two years and she does well in it.
8.All these years the old man has been contributing (contribute) articles to our magazine.
9.He has been writing (write) a novel, which will be finished next month.
10.He has written(write) novel, which is being prepared to come out now.
课件38张PPT。Meeting your ancestorsUnit 5 Section Ⅲ Using Language栏目导航Ⅰ.Read the text and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1:（ ） A.The description of Dahu.
Para.2:（ ） B.How did Dahu make tools.
Para.3:（ ） C.Lala and her families made preparations for the feast.
Para.4:（ ） D.Lala worried about the preparations for the
feast and she hoped the feast could be as good as the one last year.DCABⅡ.Scan the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
1.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.The marriage life of Lala and Dahu.
B.The separate responsibilities of men and women.
C.The differences between early life and modern life.
D.The preparations for a feast.
答案：D
2.Why did Lala accelerate her walk?
A.Because she sensed wild animals following behind her.
B.Because she feared her husband would get angry for her delay.
C.Because she had to prepare the feast.
D.Because she wanted to have more time for her preparation job.
答案：A3.From the first paragraph,we can learn that the family groups lived on_____.
A.fishing B.trading C.farming D.hunting
答案：D
4.What's the best title of the text?
A.The marriage of Lala and Dahu.
B.The collection of foods.
C.The preparations for the feast.
D.The separate responsibilities.
答案：C
5.According to the text, what was Lala's attitude towards her marriage?
A.She felt so shy.
B.She felt so worried.
C.She felt very satisfied.
D.She felt sorrowful.
答案：CⅢ.Translate the following sentences from English into Chinese.
1.It was the custom of family groups to separate and then gather again at different sites for reunions as they followed the animal herds across the grasslands.
答案：由于在草原上放牧，家族成员先分散开，然后再在不同的地方相聚，这是他们的一个习俗。
2.Lala accelerated her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her.
答案：拉拉沿着回洞穴的路走着，她的步伐加快了，担心会有野兽在等着她。3.He had a large, square face, with strongly pronounced eyebrows and cheekbones.
答案：他的脸盘很大，方形脸，浓眉大眼，颧骨凸出。
4.They were in a pile with other sharp arrowheads and stone axe-heads.
答案：这些工具同其他一些锐利的箭头和石斧头堆在一起。Point ? significance n.意义;意思；重要性；重要意义考点一 单词点击be of significance=be significant 有意义，有重要性
be of no significance 无意义/不重要
be of great/little significance 非常/不太重要
attach (great) significance to 认为……重要，引起……的重视①His university was aware of the significance of his work.(教材P40)
他的大学意识到了他工作的重要性。
②The encouragement from a teacher is really of great significance to his/her students, especially when the students have trouble with study.
老师的鼓励的确很重要，尤其是当学生学习上出现了问题的时候。
③It is of no significance to fight for an unwinnable war.
在一场毫无胜算的战争中拼搏是毫无意义的。④We all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be a significant burden on the family budget.
大家都知道家庭取暖的费用将仍是家庭开支的一种巨大负担。
(1)significant adj.重要的
(2)significantly adv.显著地单句语法填空。
(1)Most students think it ___________(significance) to join the English corner, though a few haven't realized the ___________(significant) of it.
(2)Young people attach great significance to _________(become) famous.significantsignificancebecomingPoint ? somehow adv.以……方式；通过某种途径；不知怎么地；不知为什么①Somehow he cycled thirty miles to Dr. Black because there was no alternative means of transport.(教材P40)
他想办法骑车三十英里去向布莱克博士报告，因为在当时没有其他的交通工具。
②Somehow, I don't feel I can trust him.
不知什么缘故，我觉得不能信任他。
③He arrived in Beijing somehow, though I don't know how he did it.
反正他到了北京，虽然我不知道他是怎样去的。
anyhow=anyway adv. 不管怎样；无论如何；即使如此
somewhat adv.有点儿，有几分，稍微(sort of/kind of)
somehow or other 不知是什么原因；由于某种原因；以某种方式
④Somehow or other we became friends, I never knew just why it was.
不知何故我们成了好朋友，我一直不知道怎么会这样。
⑤It may be risky but we will chance it anyhow.
这可能有危险，但我们无论如何也要冒一冒险。
⑥The cake we made was somewhat of a failure.
我们做的蛋糕不太成功。
【温馨提示】 副词somehow在句中可置于句首、句中或句末。置于句首及句末时也可与主句之间用逗号隔开。选词填空（anyhow，somehow，somewhat）。
（1）We must get the work finished _________ or other by tomorrow morning.
（2）It may rain, but ________ I shall go out， I don't mind the rain.
（3）The price was __________ higher than I'd expected.somehowanyhowsomewhatPoint ? arrest vt.逮捕；吸引（注意力）；阻止
n.逮捕；拘留①She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.(教材P43)
快到达目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停下来，不往前走了。(1)arrest sb.for doing sth.因……逮捕/拘留某人
draw/arrest/catch/hold/attract one's attention
吸引某人的注意
get arrested 被逮捕
(2)be under arrest 在关押中
make an arrest 进行拘捕②You could get arrested for doing that.
你做那种事可能要遭到逮捕。
③An unusual noise arrested my attention.
一阵不寻常的嘈杂声引起了我的注意。
④The police made several arrests during the football match.
警方在足球赛时逮捕了一些人。单句语法填空。
(1)Don't litter in the street in Singapore, or you could ___________(arrest).
(2)He was arrested ____ drunken driving on his way to the football game.
(3)The 64-year-old Nobel laureate has spent nearly 14 of the last 20 years ______ arrest.be arrestedforunder考点二 短语诠释Point ? be/get fed up with 受够了；饱受；厌烦①Well, I'm fed up with all the attention and…(教材P41)
哦，我受够了所有的关注，还有……
get/be bored with 对……感到厌烦；对……烦闷
be/get tired of厌烦②People get fed up with anyone who brags all the time.
人们讨厌老是自吹自擂的人。
③I am fed up with his laziness and carelessness.
我受够了他的懒惰和粗心。
④We are fed up with his grumbling.
我们已经听厌了他的牢骚。
⑤I'm fed up with this weather. It's time we had some sunshine.
我对这种天气极其厌倦，我们该晒晒太阳了。
⑥Maybe you're bored with your current skills and want to learn some new skills.
也许你对自己目前掌握的技能感到厌倦，想要去学一些新技术。单句改错。
(1)—I am feeding up with endless examinations.
—Cheer up, David. Keep on until the college entrance examination ends.
解析：be fed up with厌烦。
(2)Mr. Smith was tired from the boring speech, and started to read a novel.
解析：be tired of厌烦，be tired from因……而感到累。fedofPoint ? date back to=date from 追溯到……①All the objects can be dated back to between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago.(教材P44)
所有这些东西可被追溯到3千至5千年前。
②His interest in the art can date back to a little accident in his childhood.
他对美术的兴趣可以追溯到孩童时代的一件小事。
注意：date back to可以用date from来表示，它们都无进行时态。当谈论现在的一件物品时，虽然该物品产生于过去某一时间，但时态用现在时。单句语法填空。
(1)Graffiti(涂鸦) has existed since ancient times with examples ______(date)back to Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire.
单句改错。
(2)Whether the legend is true or not, the discovery of coffee dates back from 800 AD when Africans created a coffee?berry pulp.
解析：句意：不论这个传说是真是假，咖啡的发现要回溯到公元800年，那时非洲人制造出了一种咖啡浆果浆。datingtoPoint ? look ahead 向前看；为将来打算①If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!(教材P43)
要是她今年早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！
②I like to look ahead in imagination to what the future may bring.
我喜欢幻想未来的样子。
③A match like this always helps you to look ahead.
这样一场比赛总让你展望将来。
look down upon/on 看不起，歧视
look forward to 盼望，期望
look into 调查，研究
look through 温习，仔细检查，浏览
look up 查阅；往上看
look up to 尊敬，敬仰用由look构成的短语的适当形式填空。
（1）The government has set up a working party to __________ the problem of drug abuse.
（2）It's very noble of you to__________my old grandmother when I was out for business.
（3）You should _________ the right pronunciation of this word in the dictionary. look intolook afterlook up考点三 句型归纳Point ? if only… 但愿；要是……就好了!If only it could be just like last year!（教材P43）
要是能像去年那样该有多好啊！
点拨：本句是if only引导的一个虚拟语气句子。if only后接一般过去时的句子，表示现在没有实现的愿望；if only后接过去完成时的句子，表示过去没有实现的愿望；if only后接过去将来时的句子表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。语气上常译为“要是……就好了”。①Life would be easier,if only her husband would swear off gambling.
只要她丈夫发誓戒掉赌博，生活就不会那么艰难了。（对将来时间的虚拟）
②If only I knew what you wanted.
要是我知道你需要什么就好了。（对现在情况的虚拟）
③If only he had lived up to his philosophy of life,they would not have minded his talking over their heads.
要是他真的实践了他的人生哲学，他们是不会计较他的高谈阔论的。（对过去时间的虚拟）
【注意】 only if表示“只有，只要”， 后接让步状语从句，当从句前置时，主句采用倒装句式。比较：
④The lawyer is paid only if he wins.
律师只有赢了官司才能拿钱。
⑤Only if you have finished your homework can you go swimming.
除非你把功课做完了,否则不准去游泳。单句语法填空。
(1)If only he __________(arrive) on time, he would not have been punished.
(2)I think: if only she ___________________(diagnose) earlier, if only I were not so far away. Then hope, not guilt, would be a visitor.
解析：句意：我觉得，如果再早一点诊断的话，如果我住在离她不那么远的地方，那可能还有希望，我感到的就不会是愧疚了。had arrivedhad been diagnosedPoint ? only to do…不料，结果却……Abruptly she sat down,only to be scooped up by her laughing,shouting sister,Luna.（教材P43）
她突然坐了下来，结果被爱吵闹的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。
点拨：句中only to do 是不定式作结果状语，意为“不料，结果却”,表示出乎意料或令人失望的结果。①I hurried to the post office only to find it closed.
我匆匆地去邮局，却发现它已经关门了。
②They reached the company out of breath only to be told they were fired.
他们上气不接下气地赶到公司,不料却被告知他们被开除了。
不定式和现在分词作“结果”状语的区别
（1）不定式作结果状语时，表示其动作发生的结果在谓语动词之后，往往表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的结果，不定式前常加only；另外，还用于too…to,enough…to,never…to,so/such…as to等固定结构中。
③He hurried to the station, only to find that the train had left.
他匆忙地赶到车站，结果发现火车已经开走了。
④She wanted to do a good deed, only to be scolded by her teacher.
她想做件好事，不料反而受到老师的斥责。
（2）现在分词作结果状语时，表示伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果（同时发生），有时在前面加上thus/so/thereby/therefore，谓语动词与现在分词的动作是因果关系。
⑤Agriculture has developed rapidly, thus providing light industry with ample raw materials.
农业迅速发展，从而为轻工业提供了充足的原料。
⑥He dropped the glasses on the ground, bursting it into pieces.
他把眼镜掉到了地上，摔成了碎片。单句语法填空。
(1)With her encouragement, he applied for a job with Fuller Brush Co., only _____________(turn) down.
解析：句意：在她的鼓励之下，他向福勒牙刷公司申请了一份工作，结果却遭到拒绝。这里是不定式表意料之外的结果。
(2)At the end of the festival, the branches are thrown into the river, thus _______(take) bad luck away.
解析：句意：在庆典结束后，人们把树枝丢到河里让它们随波流走，这样会把厄运一起带走。现在分词作状语，表示自然的结果。 to be turnedtakingUnit 5 Meeting your ancestors Section 3 Using Language
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The proposals they put forward at the meeting were of little significance (significant).
解析：考查名词。句意：他们在会上提出的建议无足轻重。of little significance不太重要。
2.Fifteen persons were under arrest because of the serious violence.
解析：考查介词。句意：由于暴乱十五人被捕。under arrest被捕。
3. Fed (feed) up with doing all the housework, she has hired a cleaner.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：厌烦做家务，所以她雇佣了一名清洁工。过去分词作原因状语，相当于是she was fed up with…。
4.My family has a vase, which is said to date (date) back to the Ming Dynasty.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我家有个花瓶，据说是从明代传下来的。be said to do据说……。
5.He drove slowly, having (have) a chat with his friend on the phone.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他一边和朋友在电话里聊天，一边慢慢地开车。现在分词作伴随状语。
6.She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.
解析：考查连词。句意：快到目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停了下来，不往前走了。考查句型had almost done…when…快要做完……突然这时……。
7.We walked a long way to see him, only to find (find) that he had just left for the countryside.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们走了很长一段路去看他，没想到他刚下乡了。only to do不定式短语在句中作结果状语,表示意外的，不好的结果。
8.He dropped the glass onto the floor, breaking (break) it into pieces.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他把玻璃杯子掉在了地上，摔碎了。动词-ing形式在句中作结果状语，强调必然的结果。
9.If only my mother were (be) here with me now!
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要是母亲现在和我在一起就好了！If only…用于虚拟语气时，若表示与现在事实相反的情况，句中谓语则用动词的过去式，be动词常用were。
10.Please hand the book over to Lucy, who is in need of it now.
解析：考查副词以及定语从句。第一空hand sth. over to sb.把……递给某人；第二空who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Lucy。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.If only it not been for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
解析：考查虚拟语气。要不是前天他给我发的邀请信，我现在就不会在这里。从句时间状语the other day，表明从句是对过去的情况虚拟，故用过去完成时。
2.I had just about given myself up for lost suddenlya ship spotted me.
解析：考查状语从句。句意：正当我绝望时突然一艘船发现了我。考查句型had just about done…when…刚……突然这时……。
3.I have been read half of the English novel, and I'll try to finish it at the weekend.
解析：考查动词时态。句意：这本英文小说我已读了一半，这个周末我将尽力把它读完。根据语境表示已经读了一半，故用现在完成时。
4. the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.
解析：考查状语从句。句意：随着人口平均年龄的增加，越来越多的老年人需要照顾。分析句子可知，as表示“随着”。
5.In many ways, the education system in the US is very different from in the UK.
解析：考查代词。句意：美国的教育体系与英国的教育体系在很多方面有差异。that替代the education system,it特指前面提到的同一事物。
6.More efforts, as reported, will be made in the years ahead the supply side structural reform.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：正如所报道的，在未来几年要作出更大的努力来加快供应方面的结构改革。to accelerate动词不定式作目的状语。
7.The temple back to the 4th century BC was designed by a famous architect.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：追溯到公元前4世纪的这座庙宇是由一位著名设计师设计的。分析句子结构，句子谓语是was designed by，dating是现在分词作定语，相当于which dated。
8.It's true that the old road is less direct and a bit longer.， they don't like to take the new one.
解析：考查副词辨析。句意：事实上，原来的老路不太直，并且有些远，但是不知道怎么地，他们不喜欢走这条新路。somehow不知怎么地；somewhat有点，稍微，有几分。
9.After the flood, the villagers began to look and tried their best to rebuild their homeland.
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：在洪水之后，村民们开始为将来做打算，尽他们最大的努力重建他们的家园。look ahead 往前看；为将来打算； look back 回顾。
10.Little did I know what troubles were in wait for me when I got home.
解析：考查动词短语。句意：我几乎不知道当我到家时，麻烦的事在等着我。lie in wait for静候某人，lie现在分词形式是lying;laying是动词lay的现在分词形式。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
（2016·天津卷）Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has.There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.
We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue.In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult.And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.
Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones.The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.
Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors.Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical(按字母顺序)order, never letting myself leave out a tough idea.And I always started the day's work with the difficult task of essay-writing.Experience proved that the rule works.
Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right.Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again.In such a situation, I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take over.
When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica(《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles.Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked.My fatigue became almost unbearable.
One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved.I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me.Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.
An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind.In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step.Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue.Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings, I believe, must try to succeed.Success, then, means never feeling tired.
语篇导读
本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过自身的体验，向读者介绍了摆脱疲惫和执行疲惫从而获得成功，实现人生价值的方法。
1.People with start-up fatigue are most likely to .
A.delay tasks B.work hard
C.seek help D.accept failure
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知选A。keep putting off a task与A项的delay tasks相照应。
2.What does the author recommend doing to prevent start-up fatigue?
A.Writing essays in strict order.
B.Building up physical strength.
C.Leaving out the toughest ideas.
D.Dealing with the hardest task first.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句可知，优先解决困难的任务是避免启动疲劳的方法。故选D。
3.According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us_____ .
A.ignore mental problems B.get some nice sleep
C.gain complete relief D.find the right solution
解析：D 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段第一句可知，当陷入困境时，有时放松一下，或许能找到正确的方法。故选D。
4.What could be the best title for the passage?
A.Success Is Built upon Failure
B.How to Handle Performance Fatigue
C.Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success
D.Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems
解析：C 标题归纳题。文章首尾相呼应，主题鲜明，主要介绍了摆脱疲惫和执行疲惫从而获得成功的方法。故选C。
（2016·湖南衡阳高二联考）If you feel depressed,it's best to do something about it—depression doesn't just go away on its own. In addition to getting help from a doctor or counselor, here are four things you can do to feel better.
Exercise.Take a 15?to?30?minute walk every day—or dance,jog, or bike if you prefer.People who are depressed may not feel much like being active.5.______ Once you get in the exercise habit, it won't take long to notice a difference in your mood.
Cherish yourself with good nutrition.Depression can affect appetite.One person may not feel like eating at all,but another might overeat.If depression has affected your eating, you'll need to be extra mindful of getting the right food.6.______ So eat plenty of fruits and vegetables and get regular meals(even if you don't feel hungry, try to eat something light, like a piece of fruit, to keep you going).
Identify troubles.7.______ When you know what's got you feeling blue and why, talk about it with a caring friend.Talking is a way to release the feelings and to receive some understanding.If there's no one to tell, pouring your heart out to a journal works just as well.
8.______ Depression affects a person's thoughts,making everything seem dark, negative, and hopeless.If depression has you noticing only the negative, make an effort to notice the good things in life.Try to notice one thing, and then try to think of one more.Consider your strengths, gifts, or blessings.Most of all, don't forget to be patient with yourself.9.______
A.Look on the bright side.
B.Take action to solve problems.
C.But make yourself do it anyway.
D.Depression takes time to heal.
E.Proper nutrition can influence a person's mood and energy.
F.With depression, a person's creativity and sense of fun may seem blocked.
G.Try to make out any situations that have contributed to your depression.
语篇导读
文章介绍对抗压抑的四种方法:锻炼,注意饮食,识别困难,看到积极的一面。
C 解析：考查上下文的顺承关系题。根据空前后叙述的是不同的含义,此处应用转折词but,并根据关键词do,exercise,depressed等。故选C项。
E 解析：考查上下文的顺承关系题。根据空前的getting the right food和空后的So eat plenty of fruits and vegetables and get regular meals和E项中的proper nutrition可知选E项。
7.G 解析：考查上下文的顺承关系题。根据G项中的situations和depression,和题干后的a caring friend,understanding等判断选G项。
8.A 解析：考查上下文的顺承关系题。根据A项中的the bright side和空后的关键词notice the good things in life可判断选A项。
9.D 解析：考查上下文的顺承关系题。这是该文章的最后总结,根据空前的don't forget to be patient with yourself可判断选D项。
Ⅳ.短文改错
After shopping, Mother and I went to a restaurant for lunch.I Mother looking at a nearby table by an elderly woman and young couple.They ate silently, and it was that things were not going well.As we left, Mother stopped their table.“Excuse me,” she said, her arm around the unhappy old woman.“You remind me so of my mother.May I hug you?” The woman smiled happily as she accepted to it.After we left, I said, “That was very nice of you, Mother.I didn't think she looked like Grandma.” “Neither did ,” said Mother cheerfully.
1.解析：根据上文可知本文记叙的是发生在过去的一件事情，故应用过去时态。
2.解析：occupied by被……占领，过去分词作后置定语。
3.解析：couple 为可数名词，此处表示一对年轻的夫妇，可知应加不定冠词a。
4.解析：系动词be 之后通常用形容词作表语。
5.解析：by/at the table在桌子旁边。
6.解析：putting现在分词作伴随状语。
7.解析：句意：你让我回忆起我母亲的许多事情。so much副词，修饰谓语动词remind。
8.解析：accept 为及物动词，后直接跟宾语，介词to 多余。
9.解析：根据I didn't think ，可知前后句之间表示转折关系。
10.解析：考查句型Neither +助动词+主语。I是主格代词。
Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors Section 3 Using Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写 根据首字母或汉语提示写出下列各句中的单词。
1.For a very long time, the scientists always have been trying to find out the significance (意义) of exploring the Mars.
2.It's obvious that greenhouse gases will accelerate (加速) warming and do harm to the polar bear.
3.If you feel dizzy (眩晕的) or short of breath, stop exercising immediately.
4.It is the most important to make sure the safety of the carriage of radioactive (放射性的) material.
5.There was a division (分割) of opinion on who should be on behalf of our class to attend the meeting.
6.Have you got a systematic approach to solving the problem?
7.The acrobats' skillful performance on the stage won the audience repeated applause.
8.It is reported that the police have arrested the suspect of the accident.
9.It is said that the agent of the actress is required to delete questionable posts.
10.Don't you know it's rude to spit in public?
Ⅱ.选词填空 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。
1.My interest in stamp collection dates back to my schooldays.
2.I'm trying to look ahead at what might happen and be ready to handle it.
3.Jenny is fed up with Tom who is always compromising his principles.
4.We all sighed with relief when the plane finally touched down safely.
5. If only it would stop raining!
6.The police spent a few days lying in wait for the suspected man.
7.The tree is 1,000 years old and still in good condition .
8.The rubbish is left in a pile on the floor.
9.You must stop her from entering the dining hall somehow .
10.Don't become dizzy with success.
课件10张PPT。Meetings your ancestorsUnit 5 Section Ⅳ Guided Writing【写作技巧】
1.基本结构
介绍考古发现属于说明文的范畴，一般要从发现地点、古迹特点及其所带来的影响三个方面描述。
2.注意的问题
(1)要对考古所发现的古迹的形状、历史年代和作用进行描述；
(2)描述考古发现的地点，具体地点要求写清楚，以便让读者知道具体的位置；
如何写考古发现
(3)对于考古发现的介绍兼有记叙文和说明文的特点。人称应以第三人称为主，时态应以现在时为主；
(4)此类文章的语言要准确，词句要恰当，并尽可能多地使用结构稍复杂的句式来表达丰富的信息。同时要确保行文连贯，衔接或过渡自然，借以将有效的信息传达给读者。【常用句型】
①Perhaps there was…
②Is there any…on the…?
③It could be…because…
④It's at most four meters long/in length.
⑤I think it is almost six meters wide.
⑥Our evidence shows that…
⑦It could be made from…
⑧It seems that…
⑨What do you think of…?
⑩We think that…【典题示例】
下列图片反映了汕头“南澳一号”水下考古发掘情况。大约有300多名考古学家不顾危险参与了打捞，他们已经打捞上了2000多件远古瓷器。该船表明当时对外贸易的繁荣和当时中国造船技术非常发达。这对中国乃至全世界船舶业的研究有着重大意义。参考词汇：打捞salvage; 大船vessel; 瓷器porcelain
注意：1.词数：100左右
2.要适当发挥想象
3.尽可能运用本单元所学的词汇、句型和语法。Archaeologists have been excavating the ancient sunken vessel, Nan'ao One, in the South China Sea. Around 300 archaeologists participated in the underwater work regardless of the danger.
The sunken merchant vessel is in the South China Sea, near Nan'ao Island off the coast of Guangdong Province.The archaeologists also examine the remains of the ship itself. They have salvaged more than 2,000 porcelains. Archaeologists are excited at the discovery of some new types of porcelain.
Since its discovery in the South China Sea, the mystery of the ship has been getting the archaeologists and historians interested. The ship suggested that at that time China was a pioneering nation with skillful, advanced ship-building technology, which will be of great significance to the study of shipping industry at home and abroad.Ⅰ.审题谋篇
1.本文是有关考古发现的记叙文，用一般过去式和现在完成时。
2.写作要点：①考古学家一直发掘“南澳一号”；②沉船的位置；③打捞沉船；④反映古代中国贸易繁荣以及航海发达。
Ⅱ.写作要点
1.在中国南海，考古学家对古沉船“南澳一号”的发掘工作一直在继续。
①Archaeologists have been excavating the ancient sunken vessel, Nan'ao One, in the South China Sea.
②Excavation work has been continuing in the South China Sea on the ancient sunken vessel, Nan'ao One.2.由于是在中国南海发现的，该船的神秘一直让考古学家和历史学家非常感兴趣。
①Since its discovery in the South China Sea, the mystery of the ship has been getting the archaeologists and historians interested.
②Since it was discovered in the South China Sea, the mystery of the ship has kept the archaeologists and historians interested.
3.该船表明当时中国是造船技术非常有技巧及先进的国家。
①The ship suggested that at that time China was a pioneering nation with skillful, advanced ship-building technology.
②The ship showed that at that time China was a pioneering nation, whose ship-building technology was skillful and advanced.课件10张PPT。Meeting your ancestorsUnit 5 单元复习方案栏目导航核心单词
1.___________n.可能的选择adj.供选择的，其他的
2.tentative adj._____________________
3.accuracy n.____________
4.__________vt.& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止
5._______adj.有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的
6.assume vt._____________
7.regardless adv._______________
8._______adj.足够的；充足的；富裕的alternative试探性的；不确定的精确；准确interruptacute假定；设想不管；不顾ample9.primitive adj.____________________________
10._________n.分析
11.______vt.& vi.使……成熟；成熟
12.category n.__________________
13.significance n._____________________________
14.____________adv.以……方式；不知怎么地
15.delete vt._____________
16.scratch n.________________;vt._______________
原始的；远古的；简陋的analysisripen种类；类别；范畴意义；意思；重要性；重要意义somehow删；删除痕迹，搔，挠抓，擦伤，刮坏17.applaud vi.& vt._________________
18.__________vi.& vt.加速；促进
19.arrest vt._____________;n._____________
20.dizzy adj.___________________鼓掌欢迎；赞赏accelerate逮捕，吸引逮捕，拘留使人发晕或困惑的重点短语
1.______________不管；不顾
2.at most_____________
3.cut up________
4.____________受够了；饱受；厌烦
5.____________向前看；为将来打算
6.date back(to…)_________regardless of至多；最多切碎fed up withlook ahead追溯到经典句型
1.I'm sorry ______________ you but how could they live here?（教材P38）
很抱歉打断你，但是他们怎么能够住在这里呢？
2.If only she ___________________ and planned better this year!（教材P43）
要是她今年早有预见，计划得更好些就好了!
to interrupthad looked ahead3._____________ wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her.（教材P43）
听到森林里狼的嚎叫声，拉拉加快了步伐，她担心会有野兽隐蔽埋伏着，正等着她。
4.Abruptly she sat down, __________________ up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.（教材P43）
突然间她坐了下来，结果却是被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把抱了过来。Having heardonly to be scoopedMy friend Andrew hopes to be an archaeologist or a biologist, because he has a special interest in archaeology and botany. He thinks both are of great significance, and he wants to work in an archaeological or a botanical academy. He says he has no other alternatives.
Regardless of our objection, he put forward some tentative suggestions, which interrupted our talk. He assumed that excavation of ancient relics was at most part of archaeology. The primitive beads and seashells were only archaeological finds. They were not ample evidence for archaeological analysis.考法Ⅰ 情景词汇——单元词汇句型串记She is very keen on sport. Since she was five years old, she has been getting up and running every morning before school. She has also been cycling to school every day ever since she learned to ride a bike. Last year she became the sports champion of our class and I know she has been hoping that she will be included in the local sports team next year. Perhaps she will go to a university that concentrates on sports. Anyway I am sure that when she graduates she will find a job that is connected to sports. Can you guess who I am describing?考法Ⅱ 情景语法——单元语法知识串连Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
(总分：150分 时间：120分钟)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.How would the customer like her steak done?
A.Well-done.
B.Rare.
C.Medium well.
答案：B
2.How many years of working experience has the man got?
A.Two years.
B.Three years.
C.Only one year.
答案：A
3. How is Tony going to celebrate his birthday?
A.To visit a park.
B.To have a big meal.
C.To see a movie.
答案：B
4.When will the next train leaves for Boston?
A.11：15 a.m.
B.12：15 a.m.
C.11：50 a.m.
答案：A
5.What does Linda mean?
A.She is very hard-working.
B.She has a special talent for gardening.
C.She is poor at gardening.
答案：B
（共15小题；每题1．5分，满分22．5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What is the room rate for one person per night?
A.30 dollars.
B.20 dollars.
C.210 dollars.
答案：A
7.How did the woman pay for her room rate?
A.In cash.
B.By traveler's check.
C.By credit card.
答案：B
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Why did not Shelly feel well today?
A.She did not sleep well last night.
B.She caught a cold.
C.She had a high fever.
答案：A
9.When will the new shift-work system be introduced?
A.Next week.
B.Next month.
C.Tomorrow.
答案：B
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What kind of business is Linda going to start?
A.A company providing technology consulting services.
B.A company providing law service.
C.A company providing information service.
答案：A
11.Where did Linda raise her money?
A.Becoming partner with her friends.
B.Becoming partner with her uncle.
C.Becoming partner with her colleagues.
答案：B
12.What did Linda do to cut down on expenses?
A.She changed her garage into an office.
B.She made her employees work at their own homes.
C.She tried to finish her work at her client's office as much as possible.
答案：A
听第9段材料，回答13至16题。
13.What is the relationship between the speakers?
A.Teacher and student.
B.Mother and son.
C.Classmates.
答案：C
14.What does the man think of the lecture?
A.It is too fast to take notes.
B.It is too difficult to understand.
C.It is too boring to listen to carefully.
答案：A
15.What is the woman's suggestion to the man before taking the lecture?
A.Spend several minutes to scan the material.
B.Have a few words with the lecturer.
C.Surf the Internet for more extra messages.
答案：A
16.What does the woman ask the man to do after the lecture?
A.Review the most important points.
B.Exchange notes with a classmate.
C.Ask the lecturer for more information.
答案：B
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What is the destination of the flight?
A.Japan.
B.Canada.
C.China.
答案：A
18.Who is the person who makes the announcement?
A.The flight attendant.
B.The captain.
C.The air hostess.
答案：B
19.What is the altitude of the flight?
A.35，000 feet.
B.30，000 feet.
C.53，000 feet.
答案：A
20.What is the weather like in Tokyo today?
A.Fine.
B.Overcast.
C.Cloudy.
答案：A
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读第1小题的有关内容。
Text 1
W:Waiter,I ordered my steak rare,but you brought me one well-done.Will you take it back and bring me another one?
M:No problem.I am very sorry.
W:May I have some more bread and some more water,please?
M:Sure.
Text 2
W:Can you tell me something about your education?
M:Certainly.I graduated from Northwest Financial and Trade College three years ago.And I majored in accounting.
W:Do you have any experience in this field?
M:Yes,I have been working in a small company as an accountant for two years.
Text 3
W:Tony,what are your plans for this weekend?
M:Well,my friend Susan is going to take me out to have a big meal.
W:Nice! Is she going to order a cake?
M:Yeah.You know,tomorrow is my birthday and I am sure the waiters are probably going to sing “Happy Birthday” to me.
Text 4
W:Railway Information.
M:Can you tell me when the next train leaves for Boston?
W:One moment,please.I will check it for you.It leaves at 11：15 a.m.,platform 4.
M:Thank you!
Text 5
M:Linda,why is there dirt all over your dress?
W:Oh,I didn't even notice that! You know,I helped my mom with the garden this morning.
M:Really? I did not know you could be helpful.
W:Do not say that to me!People always say I have a green thumb.
第一节到此结束。
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。
Text 6
W:Good morning.I would like to check out.
M:OK,please tell me your room number.
W:I am in room 1003.
M:Yes,Mrs.Williams.You checked in last Friday.⑥ That's seven days.
W:Yes.
M:Let us look at your bill.⑥ That is 210 dollars.
W:That is right.⑦ May I pay by traveler's check?
M:⑦ Of course.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。
Text 7
M:Hi,Shelly,how are you today?
W:Well,⑧I had a sleepless night yesterday.I am having a slight headache now.
M:I am sorry to hear that.Hope you will be better soon.
W:Thanks.Do you know that ⑨a shift-work system is to be introduced next month?
M:Really? How will we be affected?
W:The system will affect everyone in our office.It will be on a two-shift basis 7 a.m.to 2 p.m.,and 2 p.m.to 9 p.m.
M:I wonder which shift I will be working on.
W:Shall we go and ask the manager?
M:I shall wait.Actually it doesn't make any difference which shift I am working on.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。
Text 8
M:Hi,Linda.I heard you had quit your job to strike out on your own.
W:Yes,Paul.I decided to start my own business.
M:What kind of business?
W:⑩We provide technology consulting services for small to medium sized companies.
M:Good for you.Where did you raise the money?
W:At first,I considered becoming partners with one or two of my co-workers.But,finally ?I raised the money by taking on a silent partner,my uncle. He has a lot of investment capital.
M:? How are you able to cut down on expenses?
W:I made it a home?based business.? I changed my garage into an office where my employees and I can work.
M:Are you nervous about quitting your job to start your own business?
W:It is a big risk but I am looking forward to the challenge.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。
Text 9
W:Phew! I'm glad that the lecture's over. ?Alan,can I borrow your notes? I missed some points.
M: ?Sorry,but I didn't take notes.
W:Are you kidding? This lecture is important!
M:Actually,I don't know how. ?It's already hard for me to follow the instructor's fast speed,let alone take notes.
W:Did you read the materials that he handed out last time?
M:No.
W: ?You'd better read it or spend 5 to 10 minutes skimming it before the lecture.It will help you to get the main idea.
M:I see.But there is still so much information in a lecture.
W:Of course you have to select the most important points.Don't write down every word the instructor says.Pay attention to how he organizes the materials,and you may want to add your own headings.
M:Well,where is my pen? Ah,here it is.
W:Shorthand will help or you can develop an abbreviation system of your own.
M:And?
W:Oh,yes.Sometimes there will be gaps in your notes; ?you can exchange notes with a classmate or fill them in right after the class while your memory is fresh.I was trying to do that just now.
M:Eh.
W:Hey! What are you doing? You are not looking at me!
M:Me? Ha! I'm taking notes,of course.
W:Well…OK and one last thing you have to do is to fix your eyes upon the lecturer now and then.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。
Text 10
?This flight to Japan is almost over. It is a very long flight almost fifteen hours.And the passengers are very tired.The flight attendants are tired,too. ?The captain is making an announcement: Good morning,ladies and gentlemen.This is captain Blaine speaking. ?We are flying at an altitude of 35，000 feet at a speed of 600 miles per hour.Our arrival time at Narita airport is 10:00 a.m.The local time in Tokyo is 8:00 a.m. ?The weather in Tokyo is very warm, 86 degree Fahrenheit,30 degree Celsius.It was raining yesterday,but ?today the sun is shining. So relax,enjoy your breakfast,and remember to fly with Northwest Orient Airlines in the future.Thank you.
第二节到此结束。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
On one of her trips to New York several years ago，Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner.They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes， another customer was approaching their table.
“Hey， aren't you from Mississippi?” the elegant， white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger.“I'm from Mississippi too.”
Without a second thought， the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner showed up， she also pulled up a chair.
“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi,” Welty said.“I didn't know what my New York friends were thinking.”
Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine.By the time the group got up to leave， it was pouring outside.Welty's new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab.Heading back downtown toward her hotel， her big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion(团聚).
“My friends said ‘Now we believe your stories,'” Welty added.“And I said: ‘Now you know.These are the people that make me write them.'”
Sitting on a sofa in her room， Welty， a slim figure in a simple gray dress， looked pleased with this explanation.
“I don't make them up,” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.“I don't have to.”
Beauticians，bartenders，piano players and people with purple hats，Welty's people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends，from walks through the streets of her native Jackson，Miss.， from conversations overheard on a bus.It annoys Welty that， at 78， her left ear has now given out.Sometimes， sitting on a bus or a train， she hears only a fragment(片段) of a particularly interesting story.
语篇导读
本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了美国著名女作家Eudora Welty在纽约的一次经历，并以此作为背景说明她的创作源于生活。
21.What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?
A.Two strangers joined her.
B.Her childhood friends came in.
C.A heavy rain ruined the dinner.
D.Some people held a party there.
解析：A 细节理解题。第三段中的“the woman”指的是第二段中的那个陌生人，根据第三段中的“When her dinner partner showed up,she also pulled up a chair”可知，陌生女子的晚餐伙伴也加入了她们的行列中，故有两个陌生人加入到了Welty和朋友的晚餐中。
22.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty's _____.
A.readers
B.parties
C.friends
D.stories
解析：D 代词指代题。画线词所在句“These are the people that make me write them”的主语These指的就是像那两位陌生人那样的人，换言之，这些新朋友就成了Welty笔下的写作素材，这些人就是让她写小说的人，故them指的是“小说”。
23.What can we learn about the characters in Welty's fiction?
A.They live in big cities.
B.They are mostly women.
C.They come from real life.
D.They are pleasure seekers.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后两段的内容可知，Welty小说中的人物源于真实生活。
A California man who was feeling sick almost died recently from a shocking cause.
26-year-old Luis Ortiz went to a hospital because of a headache and nausea(恶心).When doctors examined him， they were shocked to find a tapeworm larva(绦虫幼虫) in his brain.The story gets stranger.The larva was still alive.
The creature had caused a cyst(囊肿) inside his head.The cyst was restricting the flow of liquids to different areas of his brain.The situation was so serious that doctors said they had to perform an emergency operation to remove the larva.
A doctor who operated on Ortiz told him he had only 30 minutes to live.When the doctor pulled the worm out of his head， it was still moving.
Luis Ortiz was a student at California State University in Sacramento.He began experiencing headaches in late August.But Ortiz said he did not think the headaches were serious.
In September， he visited a friend and his parents in another city.That is when the pain got worse.His mother saw Ortiz throwing up and took him to a hospital emergency room.
The doctors saved Ortiz's life.However，the surgery also affected him.Ortiz had to drop out of school and move back home.For now， he is not permitted to work or drive a vehicle.
The U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says the U.S.has about 1,000 reported cases of tapeworms each year.The CDC adds that tapeworms are more common in developing countries with poor public health systems.
The best way to avoid a tapeworm infection (感染)is to wash fruits and vegetables.Also， make sure meat is cooked thoroughly.The CDC suggests cooking all meat to an internal temperature of at least 63 degrees Celsius.
语篇导读
本文介绍了一位叫Luis Ortiz的美国青年，因为头痛难忍和呕吐而去医院就诊，医生惊奇地发现他的脑子里有一条绦虫。后来，医生的及时救治才挽救了他的性命。
24.What caused Luis Ortiz to feel sick and headaches?
A.Dirty food eaten in August.
B.Travelling for a long way.
C.A living creature in his brain.
D.Uncooked meat eaten by him.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，有一条活的绦虫幼虫在Luis Qrtiz脑袋里，使人恶心头痛。故选C。
25.If the doctors didn't have an emergency operation on him，Luis Ortiz was likely to______.
A.die of cancer
B.live for only half an hour
C.finish studying in school
D.pass the driving tests
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，选B。
26.How should people avoid infecting tapeworms？
A.By washing fruits and vegetables.
B.By boiling plates and bowls before meals.
C.By cooking meat to at least 63℃ outside.
D.By improving the development of economy.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的第一句可知，选A。
27.What did the writer think of the cause of Luis Ortiz's disease?
A.Quite frightening.
B.Very dangerous.
C.Rather puzzling.
D.Extremely surprising.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据文章的第一段“A California man who was feeling sick almost died recently from a shocking cause”可推知，作者对Luis Qrtiz的病因感到极其震惊。故选D。
Reuel Tolkien(1892~1973)， the British linguist， writer.He created a fantasy novel “The Lord of the Rings”, the well-known trilogy（三部曲）.
Tolkien was born in Bloemfontein， South Africa.When he was 4 years old， his father died and his family moved back to England.Tolkien graduated from Oxford University when he was 23 years old，and participated in the First World War.During the war，Tolkien suffered from “trench fever” and stayed in the hospital until the end of World War I.It was the days in the hospital that he began his writing career first.
After the war， Tolkien became a linguist.He was an editor of the “New English Dictionary” of 1918~1920.However， he was more researching to Anglo-Saxon language which makes his extensive contacts in Britain and the Nordic spread all over the folklore and mythology.
In 1937，Tolkien completed his first work “The Hobbit.” Although this was a fairy tale，it was also suitable for adults to read.Because of good sales，publishers (Allen & Unwin) convinced Tolkien to write its sequel.This encouraged Tolkien to complete his most famous works the epic(史诗) trilogy “The Lord of the Rings.” The works of writing went on for almost a year with the support from his good friend Lewis.
At the beginning, “The Lord of the Rings” was similar works for children， but after that writing style quickly became serious and dark.“The Lord of the Rings” was one of the most popular literary works in the 20th century，in terms of sales and readers' evaluation.Tolkien's influence is important，for the success of “Lord of the Rings” makes the fantasy novels of this literature genre(体裁)develop rapidly.
语篇导读
本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了《指环王》的作者Reuel Tolkien的生平。他早年丧父，后来参加了第一次世界大战。战时患上“战壕热”，在医院期间他开始了他的写作生涯。
28.When did Tolkien take part in the World War I?
A.1896. B.1915.
C.1916. D.1937.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的“Reuel Tolkien （1892~1973）”以及第二段的第三句可知，Reuel Tolkien生于1892年，他23岁时参加了第一次世界大战；据此可以判断，他是在1915年参加了第一次世界大战的，故B项正确。
29.Which of the following statements is true?
A.Tolkien's father died of “trench fever”.
B.Tolkien wrote the “New English Dictionary” himself.
C.“The Lord of the Rings” was finished about half a year.
D.Tolkien began his writing career in the hospital.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知，Tolkien是在医院开始他的写作生涯的，故D项正确；根据第二段倒数第二句中的“During the war,Tolkien suffered from‘trench fever’”可知，Tolkien在战时患上了“战壕热”，而不是他的父亲，故A项错误；根据第三段的第二句可知，他是《新英语词典》的编辑，并没有说是他一人完成了该词典的编篆，故B项错误；根据第四段的最后一句可知，“The Lord of the Rings”的成稿历时大约一年，故C项错误。
30.What is Tolkien's “The Lord of the Rings” considered to be?
A.The first works of Tolkien.
B.Always serious and dark.
C.Beneficial to the development of the fantasy novels.
D.The most popular literary works in the 20th century.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据文章的最后一句可知，“The Lord of the Rings”促进了魔幻小说的快速发展，故C项正确。
31.The word “evaluation” in the last paragraph is closest to the meaning of______.
A.opinion B.value
C.interest D.hobby
解析：A 词义猜测题。根据本文倒数第二句可知，“The Lord of the Rings”是二十世纪最受欢迎的文章。
We do not usually think about how our language works.Talking is such a natural， everyday activity that we do not often stop to consider how it actually works.When we do study our language，though， we are often surprised that we are able to understand our conversations.Words can mean so many different things.However，it turns out that the speaking situation helps a lot in making language work.
First，the speaking situation helps make words more particular.For example， the word “dog” can describe a dog that a speaker saw in a dream.It can also be used to discuss a neighbor's dog.No language has a separate word for the idea “dog that I saw yesterday” and another word for the idea “dog that I saw in a dream”. This is because the speaking situation makes it clear what speakers mean when they use words.So，when you have a conversation with your neighbor， the knowledge that you have a dog tells your neighbor what the word “dog” probably means in that situation.
The speaking situation also helps make language clearer.For example，the word “bank” has two possible meanings.It can mean “a place where people keep money”， but it can also mean “the side of a river”. So the sentence “I went to the bank” is not clear.It could mean I went to the side of the river or it could mean I went to the place where my money is kept.However， if the speaker is talking about fishing or going to the mountains，others probably know that “bank” means “the side of a river”.
The things that speakers say may not always be clear.Sometimes the words are not very particular，but the speaking situation can provide the meaning.Other times words may have many meanings.Then the speaking situation limits the right meaning.This extra knowledge from the situation is very important to understand language.
语篇导读
本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用。
32.The passage is mainly about_____.
A.the best time and place to talk to others
B.how the speaking situation helps language work
C.what to say in difficult situations
D.how our language works
解析：B 主旨大意题。本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用。故选B。
33.According to the passage， we can safely say that_____.
A.a speaking situation does not affect the meaning of words
B.speaking is not very natural for most people
C.a speaking situation is not important
D.people often do not consider how talking works
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We do not usually think about how our language works.Talking is such a natural,everyday activity that we do not often stop to consider how it actually works”可知，选D。
34.By using the example of the word “dog”， the writer wants to show that_____.
A.a word may need to be explained in a conversation
B.a word may have different meanings
C.the speaking situation helps people understand the particular meaning of a word
D.the meaning of words is not particular
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句和下文的“For example”可知，下文正是用dog一词举例来论证第二段的第一句话。故选C。
35.According to the passage， we can know the meaning of the word “bank” by referring to_____.
A.the time and the place where the conversation happens
B.the occupation of the person who uses the word
C.earlier or later parts of the conversation
D.a reliable dictionary
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段所讲，作者用“bank”一词举例说明对话中这个词之前或之后的部分决定了这个词的含义。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Since the day of its birth，the United Nations has been the subject of much debate. 36 Others think that it is too weak.We can better understand this debate if we learn more about the U.N.and its history.
The U.N.was started for two reasons.First，when the idea was born， people all over the world were tired of war.They felt that there must be peaceful answers to the world's problems. 37
The second reason was that modern science had developed new bombs and airplanes. 38 National borders were beginning to lose their meaning.Science would develop even more dangerous weapons in the future.Only an international organization would be able to control modern science.
Franklin D.Roosevelt，U.S.President at the time，believed that the Allies (同盟国) should plan for peace before the war ended.On December 1，1943，Roosevelt，Britain's Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin from Soviet Union agreed to start an organization for world peace. 39
During the next year and a half，the idea of such an organization was debated around the world.Then came the big day.On April 11，1945，the first international meeting of the United Nations took place in San Francisco.The goal of the meeting was to write the U.N.Charter (宪章).All of the fifty-one nations at the meeting had their own ideas to offer for the Charter. 40 Every nation present voted for the Charter.No one voted against it.
A.After a long debate，a final Charter was agreed upon.
B.The U.N.Charter is a beautiful piece of writing.
C.They asked all countries，large and small，to join the organization.
D.Even the smallest country on earth can have its voice heard.
E.They also felt that only an international organization could keep world peace.
F.These weapons made it almost impossible for a country to defend itself.
G.Some people attack the organization because they think it is too powerful.
语篇导读
本文主要介绍了联合国建立的过程。
36.G 解析：空处与下句“Others think that it is too weak”形成对比，所以选G项。
37.E 解析：根据上文的“First,when the idea was born,people all over the world were tired of war”可知，当时人们厌倦了战争，渴望和平，希望建立一个国际组织来维护世界和平，所以选E项。
F 解析：根据空前的“new bombs and airplanes”和下文的“National borders were beginning to lose their meaning”可知，现代科学研制出了新型炸弹和飞机，这些武器让一个国家的自卫变得不可能，国家边界变得没有意义，所以选F项。
C 解析：根据空前一句“On December 1,1943,Roosevelt，Britain's Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin from Soviet Union agreed to start an organization for world peace”可知，三国首脑呼吁全世界所有国家加入这个组织以维护世界和平，所以选C项。
A 解析：由下文的“Every nation present voted for the Charter.No one voted against it”可知，《联合国宪章》在51个成员国中最终全票通过，所以选A项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was just a simple six-letter word.When I was about thirteen, it had such a(n) 41 definition(定义) which tore my world apart.The six-letter word named cancer took many lives; 42 , a close loved one of mine—my grandfather.
43 my grandfather had such a disease,he never let it slow him down.One day he told me,“Jaz,I know that I have cancer,and some things may 44 from now on,but don't 45 that I'm going down without a fight.”Those words came from the strength and courage that were his 46 .He wasn't the type of person choosing to 47 and give up.If he had to fight,then he'd fight.No 48 were asked.And that was what kept me through almost three years of warm,salty tears and 49 that things would get better.Yet,life without him was something I declared 50 .I hated thinking of the possibilities of him 51 me—it was not something that I wanted to think about, but I did because I couldn't 52 my negative thoughts.
I've learned a lesson through the 53 of losing my grandfather.Losing him is more of 54 than it is extreme sadness.Yes, I have lost my best friend and hero, but that doesn't mean that I'm going to hide in the corner and 55 the“what ifs”and“if onlys”.I 56 to let myself do so.Just like him, he wasn't going down without a fight, and neither am I.I have to keep fighting although the situation becomes 57 .He has suffered the pain,and I have suffered the 58 .Cancer has won yet again, but that doesn't matter.He will always hold the title that he held on for two long, good years.I will not 59 my intellingence and sit on the couch for the rest of my life.He told me to do something, be someone.My only wish is for him to 60 see me make it.
语篇导读
作者的祖父虽然身患癌症，但是却勇于面对病魔，从不屈服。这让作者从中汲取了与生活中的痛苦抗争的力量。
41.A.comprehensive B.amazing
C.painful D.different
解析：C 根据下文中的“tore my world apart”“pain”等内容可知，此处指作者认为这六个字母的单词定义令人感到痛苦。
42.A.particularly B.gradually
C.certainly D.generally
解析：A 这六个字母构成的单词是“cancer”，它夺去了许多人的生命，尤其(particularly)是作者所爱的人——他的祖父。
43.A.Since B.After
C.When D.Although
解析：D 作者的祖父虽然罹患癌症，但是没有向疾病屈服，所以此处用Although引导让步状语从句。
44.A.disappear B.change
C.happen D.remain
解析：B 作者的祖父对作者说，“我知道自己患了癌症，从现在开始，有一些事情会有所改变（change），但是不要认为（think）我会不抗争就倒下。”
45.A.admit B.demand
C.complain D.think
解析：D 参见上题解析。
46.A.personality B.advantage
C.favorite D.talent
解析：A 结合上一句和本句中的“strength and courage”可知，此处指这些话源自作者祖父性格中的坚强和勇气。
47.A.burst out B.take down
C.break down D.make out
解析：C 根据上文中的“don't45that I'm going down without a fight”及下文中的“wasn't going down without a fight”“keep fighting”可知，作者的祖父不会因为疾病而精神崩溃并且轻言放弃。break down意为“垮掉，精神崩溃”，符合语境。
48.A.opinions B.questions
C.reasons D.explanations
解析：B 根据上一句话可知，如果祖父不得不抗争，他就会抗争，而不去问为什么。
49.A.imagining B.supposing
C.hoping D.believing
解析：C 作者在祖父患病之后的三年里非常难过，一直希望（hoping）祖父的病情会有所好转。
50.A.impossible B.fortunate
C.strange D.special
解析：A 根据语境可知，在作者看来，没有祖父的生活简直是不可能的（impossible）。
51.A.scolding B.forgetting
C.missing D.leaving
解析：D 此处指作者不愿意去想祖父因为患病而离开（leaving）自己的可能性。
52.A.remember B.grasp
C.stand D.replace
解析：C 虽然作者并不愿意考虑祖父可能去世的问题，但是却考虑了，因为自己实在不能承受（stand）自己消极的想法。
53.A.struggles B.puzzles
C.troubles D.doubts
解析：A 根据上下文可知，此处指的应是作者曾在失去祖父的痛苦中努力挣扎（struggles），并从中得到了启示。
54.A.experience B.shock
C.motivation D.fortune
解析：C 根据语境可知，失去祖父的经历对作者来说更多的是一种动力，而不是极度的悲伤。motivation动力，积极性。
55.A.debate B.guess
C.recall D.recite
解析：D 虽然作者最终还是失去了祖父，但是不会就此藏在某一个角落，独自去逐一列举（recite）那些“如果”和“要是……就好了”，他拒绝（refuse）让自己这样做。
56.A.prefer B.refuse
C.promise D.hesitate
解析：B 参见上题解析。
57.A.astonishing B.difficult
C.apparent D.frightening
解析：B 尽管情况变得困难（difficult），作者必须不断奋斗。
58.A.regret B.panic
C.sorrow D.failure
解析：C 根据上文中的“extreme sadness”“pain”可知，此处指的是作者的祖父遭受了疼痛，而作者经受了悲伤。sorrow悲伤，悲痛，符合语境。
59.A.value B.abuse
C.improve D.waste
解析：D 根据句中的“sit on the couch for the rest of my life”可知，作者意识到自己不会独坐一隅黯然神伤，浪费（waste）自己的才智。
60.A.immediately B.actually
C.occasionally D.naturally
解析：B 根据上文中的“He told me to do something,be someone”可知，祖父希望作者能有所成就，成为一个重要的人物，故此处指作者希望祖父能真正（actually）看到自己取得成功。
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The best way to deal with sports injuries is to keep them from happening in the first place. Knowing the rules of the game you're playing and using the right equipment (equip) can go a long way toward preventing injuries.If you think you've been injured，pull yourself (you) out of the game or stop doing (do) your activity or workout.Let a coach or parent know what happened in case you need to see a doctor.Serious head and neck injuries happen most often in athletes who/that play contact sports like football.Keep the injured person still with his or her head held (hold) straight while someone calls for emergency medical (medicine) help.If the person lies/is lying (lie) on the ground， do not try to move him or her.
Your first question after a sports injury will probably (probable) be “When can I play again?”. This depends on the injury and what your doctor tells you.Even if you can't return to your sport right away， a doctor might have suggestions and advice about/on what you can do to stay fit.Always check with your doctor before trying any activity following an injury.
61.解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处指合适的器材，equipment设备、器材，是不可数名词。
62.解析：考查代词。这是一个祈使句，由前面的you可知，该处用yourself。
63.解析：考查非谓语动词。由“you've been injured”可知，受伤了就要停止活动，stop doing sth.停止做某事，故用doing。
64.解析：考查定语从句。此空引导定语从句，先行词为athletes，指人，故用who或that。
65.解析：考查with结构。动词hold与his or her head是动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补。
66.解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处是形容词修饰名词help，故用medical。
67.解析：考查时态。此处表示“如果这个人躺在/正躺在地上”，故应用一般现在时或现在进行时。
68.解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，这里应用副词修饰动词。
69.解析：考查介词。分析句意可知，这里指的是“做什么来保持健康的建议”，故用about/on表示“关于”。
70.解析：考查介词。分析句意可知，在尝试任何活动之前先咨询一下医生，故用before。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改 10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
For ages,sailors have said that it is a good luck to see dolphins alongside boats.Their presence that land is near,which will be vital if a boat and its crew are in danger.Some dolphins have even protected sailors suffer shipwreck from sharks. is no wonder that these unique and fascinating creatures have long known as our friends.
Dolphins are thought to be intelligent animals because of quick ability to learn.They communicate through a combination of whistles and clicks.While scientists don't know what they are talking about, it is thought that dolphins are telling each other that food is nearby, or warning each other approaching danger.
71.解析：luck是不可数名词，其前不能加冠词。
72.解析：see dolphins swimming…看到海豚游来游去，dolphins和swim构成主动关系，故用现在分词。
73.解析：全文时态都在现在时的范畴内，故此处改为一般现在时。
74.解析：information为不可数名词，没有复数形式。
75.解析：分析句子结构可知，先行词是sailors，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，故要用who/that。
76.解析：It is no wonder that…难怪……，是固定搭配。
77.解析：这种独特和迷人的生物长久以来都被认为是我们的朋友。be known as…被认为是，为被动语态，故在known前加上been。
78.解析：由句首的“Dolphins”可知，这里用their指代dolphins。
79.解析：此处意为“确切地知道它们在谈论什么”，修饰动词know，故用副词。
80.解析：warn sb.of/against sth.警告/提醒某人某事。本句句意为“海豚们相互提醒逼近的危险”。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是学生会主席李越，你校将在下周一接待来自美国某中学的学生访问团。请你写一封邮件给该团的领队Smith先生，介绍整个活动安排。
要点：1.对代表团表示欢迎；
2.具体活动安排：参观学校、联谊会和篮球赛等。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr.Smith,
I'm Li Yue,chairman of the students' union.I'm delighted to hear that your students visiting group will pay a visit to our school next Monday for the cultural exchange activity.On behalf of my school,I want to show our warm welcome.
Here are some details about this activity.On the morning of your arrival,we will show you around our school and then a discussion will be held,which may cover such topics as school life,cultural differences and so on,aiming to improve mutual understanding,broaden our horizons and enrich our life.At 3 o'clock in the afternoon,a basketball match between the two schools will be held on the playground.No doubt it is a good chance for us to learn from each other and know more about each other.
What do you think of the plan?Can you give me some advice on how to make the activity better?
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Yue
