课件73张PPT。Period 1
Warming Up，Pre-reading & ReadingUnit 4 Earthquakes earthquake burst million event nation 苦难，痛苦 记者 轨道，足迹 无用的，无效的 矿，矿井 miner Ⅱ.短语天地
1．__________立刻，马上
2．____________________________突然大哭
3．___________结束，终结
4．___________严重受损，破败不堪
5．___________掘出，发现
6．_________________________许多，大量的
7．as if _____________________
8．too…to__________________
9．cut across ______________________
10．think little of_________________right away burst into tears/burst out crying at an end in ruins dig out a large number of 仿佛，好像 太……而不能 穿过，贯穿 评价不高 Ⅲ.句型搜索
1．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(太紧张了都不吃食物)．
【答案】were too nervous to eat
2．Mice ran out of the fields ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(寻找藏身之所)．
【答案】looking for places to hide3．________ ________ ________ ________ ________(并不是所有的希望都破灭了)．
【答案】All hope was not lost
4．Workers built shelters for survivors ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(他们的家园被毁坏了)．
【答案】whose homes had been destroyedⅣ.预读理解
完成下列句子
1．Before the earthquake，the following happened except
______________________________________________.
【答案】people all knew the matter
2．We can infer from the passage that ________________.
【答案】the rescue workers came soon after the earthquakeⅤ.课文缩写
At about 3：00 a．m. on July 28,1976，people in the city of Tangshan were asleep as usual 1.______ thinking much of the strange signs of the earthquake.
At 3：42 a．m. everything began to shake.The 2.______ (great)earthquake of the 20th century began eleven kilometers 3.______(direct) below the city.It was felt in Beijing，which is two hundred kilometers 4.______.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.Two-thirds of the people died or were 5.______(injure) during the earthquake.The survivors couldn't believe it was natural.Nearly everything 6.______(destroy)．Most of the buildings were gone7.______ many farm animals died.Then later that afternoon,8.______ big quake shook Tangshan.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped 9.______ the ruins.
All hope was not lost.The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Slowly，the city began to 10.______ (breath) again.【答案】1.without 2.greatest 3.directly 4.away
5．injured 6.was destroyed 7.and 8.another
9．under 10.breathe1．rise vi.上升，上涨(rose，risen)
The moon has risen above the mountains.
月亮已经升到山头之上了。
【归纳拓展】
rise还有下列几种常见意义：
(1)增加，增长
Sales rose by 20% over the Christmas period.
圣诞节期间销售量增加了20%。单词扫描 (2)站起，起立(＝stand up)
He rose from the chair when the doorbell rang.
门铃一响，他就从椅子上站了起来。
(3)起床(＝get up)
He's formed the habit of rising early in the morning.
他已经养成了早起的习惯。【词句辨析】 rise/raise
rise为不及物动词，作“上升”讲时，常用于日、月、云、烟、物价、温度、河水、潮水以及人的职位等。
raise为及物动词，意为举起、提出、饲养、种植，用作“举起”时有使物体达到应有的高度的含义，可用于具体或抽象的事物。
He raised the child from the ground.
强调把孩子扶起来
The child rose from the ground.
强调孩子自己站起。用rise/raise的适当形式填空
①His voice ________ angrily and his face turned red.
②Mother ________ her voice to ask her son not to do that.
③Chuck ________ his eyebrows at her，not knowing what to say.
④After the heavy rain，the river ________ by two feet.
【答案】①rose ②raised ③raised ④rose即学即用2．burst v．&n.爆裂；爆发(强调突然性)
He felt he would burst with anger and shame.
他恼羞成怒，都要气炸了。
【归纳拓展】
(1)burst 可以引申为“突然出现、哭(笑……)起来”。
burst into tears/out crying 突然笑起来
burst into laughter/out laughing 突然笑起来
(2)burst 可用作名词，指爆发的情形，也可以指裂缝、裂口。单项填空
①Hearing the news，she ________.
A．burst into tears B．burst into crying
C．burst out tears D．burst of crying
完成句子
②He ________(突然大笑起来)，which made us feel surprised.
【答案】①A ②burst into laughter/out laughing即学即用3．ruin n．毁灭，崩溃，毁坏；vt.使毁灭，毁坏，使成废墟
We visited the ruins of the temple.
我们参观了那个庙宇的遗迹。
The heavy rain ruined our holiday.
大雨把我们的假期彻底搞砸了。【归纳拓展】
(1)n. 毁灭；崩溃；毁坏(不可数)；废墟，遗迹(pl.)
(2)vt. 使毁灭；毁坏；使成废墟
(3)ruin的相关短语：
in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪
fall into ruins 落败；成为废墟
ruin one's hopes 使某人希望破灭用所给词的适当形式填空
①I got caught in the rain and my suit ________.(ruin)
②The plan was in________. (ruin)
【答案】①has been ruined ②ruins即学即用4．injure vt.伤害，损害；伤害感情
Smoking will injure your health.
吸烟会损害你的健康。
【归纳拓展】
injured adj.受伤的
injury n. [C]伤，伤口；伤害
I didn't mean to do her an injury.
我并未打算伤害她。【词句辨析】 hurt/injure/wound
(1)hurt是受伤的一般用法，既可指肉体上的伤痛，也可指精神上的伤害。
(2)wound指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤。
(3)injure一般指由于意外或事故受伤。用hurt/injure/wound填空
①Several children were ________ in the accident.
②I was greatly ________ by his distant attitude.
③He got ________ in the battle.
【答案】①injured ②hurt ③wounded即学即用5．rescue
(1)n.[C，U]救援，营救；救援行动
The rescue team made ten rescues in a week.
营救队一周内进行了十次救援。
A wealthy businessman came to our rescue.
一位有钱的商人援助了我们。(2)vt.救援，拯救，解救
They rescued a boy from drowning.
他们把溺水的男孩救了起来。
The firemen rescued a boy from the burning house.
消防队员从失火的房子里救出了一个男孩。
【归纳拓展】
rescue sb/sth from sb/sp.
come to/go to sb's rescue援救某人
a rescue party 救援队
rescue workers 救援人员【词句辨析】 rescue/save
(1)rescue救助，援救，营救。重在强调迅速行动，从直接的和迫在眉睫的危险中解救。
(2)save救。普通用词，使用广泛，常指把处于危险或危急状态的人或事物解救出来，使之得以保全。汉译英
①他潜入水中救了那个溺水的孩子。
【答案】He dove into the water to save/rescue the drowning child.
②他们想不出什么办法来挽救局势。
【答案】They could think of no way to save the situation.即学即用(2)vi.震动
His teeth shocked against each other.
他的牙齿直打战。
(3)n.[C，U]震惊；打击；休克；电击
She died of shock following an operation on the brain.脑手术后她死于休克。
【归纳拓展】
shocked adj.感到震惊的
shocking adj.令人震惊的单项填空
All of the people present felt ________ at the ________ news.
【答案】shocked；shocking
【解释】句意：所有在场的人都震惊于这个惊人的消息。feel shocked at“对……感到震惊”，shocking news“惊人的消息”。即学即用1．right away 立刻，马上
We are to start right away.我们马上就动身。
I'm getting in touch with him right away.
我马上同他联系。
【归纳拓展】
“立刻，马上”的表达方式：
right away without delay
right now immediately
at once in no time短语释义 用上述知识完成句子
Once the machine begins to work，you can't stop it __________________________.
【答案】right away
【解释】句意：一旦机器开始运转，你很难让它立刻停下来。right away＝at once立刻，马上。即学即用2．at an end 结束，终了
The war was finally at an end.战争终于结束了。
【归纳拓展】
at the end of 在……尽头
in the end 最后
come to an end 结束
bring/put an end to 结束；制止
to the end 到底
without end 没完没了
by the end of 到……末为止用end短语填空
①When the meeting ________，they all rose and left.
【答案】came to an end
【解释】当会议结束了，他们起身离去。
②We were very happy when the quarrel was ________.
【答案】at an end
【解释】当争吵结束了，我们都很高兴。即学即用③Go straight and you'll find the hospital ________ the road.
【答案】at the end of
【解释】径直往前走，在路的尽头你就能找到医院。
④We must fight ________.
【答案】to the end
【解释】我们必须战斗到底。
⑤We must ________ this foolish behavior.
【答案】put an end to
【解释】我们必须制止这一愚蠢的行为。3．a great number of 许多，大量的
后接可数名词复数。
I have read a great number of books on this subject.
我已经阅读了大量的有关这个题目的书。
【归纳拓展】
(1)表示“大量，许多”，需要接复数名词的短语有：
a great/large/good number of…
a good many…
quite a few…(2)表示“大量，许多”，需要接不可数名词的短语有：
a great/good deal of…
a large amount of…
(3)表示“大量，许多”，既可以接复数名词，又可以接不可数名词的短语有：
a large quantity of…
large quantities of…
a lot of…
lots of…
plenty of…【词句辨析】 a number of/the number of
(1)the number of是“……的数目”的意思，谓语动词用单数。
(2)a number of是“许多，大量”的意思，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。完成句子
①The number of private colleges________________.
私立大学的数目已增多。
②A number of problems ________________.
已经出现了一些问题。
【答案】①has increased ②have arisen即学即用4．as if/though 仿佛，好像
(1)作表语/表语从句
She looks as if she's going to cry.
她看起来似乎要哭了。
(2)作状语/状语从句
She always talks to me as if she were my sister.
她总是以我姐姐的语气跟我说话。汉译英
①她对我就像我是个小孩儿似的。
【答案】She treats me as if I were a child.
②天看起来像要下雨。
【答案】It looks as if it is going to rain.即学即用5．think little/nothing of 以为……没什么了不起；对……满不在乎；轻视；忽视
The other scientists thought little of his theory.
其他科学家忽视他的理论。【归纳拓展】
think highly/well/much of sb/sth
对某人/某事评价高
think badly/little/ill/lightly of sb/sth
对某人/某事评价低(印象不好)
think of sth/doing sth
考虑；想起，记起；对某事物有见解；想出，想到
think of…as… 把……看作英译汉
①Mr. Zhang thinks much of his work，but thinks little of money.
【答案】张先生重视工作，轻视金钱。
②As a young leader，he is well thought of.
【答案】作为一位年轻的领导，他受到高度评价。即学即用1．Now，imagine there has been a big earthquake.现在想象一下已经发生了一次大地震。
(1)imagine vt.想象，设想。后面常可跟名词、动名词及从句作宾语。
We can imagine his sadness.
我们可以想象他的悲伤。句式突破 Can you imagine how much I was surprised to see it?
你能想象我看见它后有多么惊讶吗？
imagine还有一种常见搭配形式：imagine sb/sth to be…
Can you imagine yourself to be on a deserted island?
你能想象出你孤身一人在荒岛上的情景吗？用所给词的适当形式填空
①—There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.
—My goodness！I can't imagine ________ that old.(be)
【答案】being
①【解释】句意：——这里的报纸上有一篇关于一位110岁老人的故事。——天哪！我很难想象(他能)活那么大岁数。imagine后接动名词作宾语。即学即用②It is difficult to imagine his ________ the decision without any consideration.(accept)
【答案】accepting
【解释】句意：很难想象他没做任何考虑就接受了这个决定。在imagine 后要用v.-ing形式作宾语，类似的词还有appreciate，enjoy，spend，insist on等。(2)there be 句型
①表示“某个事物”在“什么地方”，其结构为“There＋be＋主语＋其他成分”。其中there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词按照就近一致原则。
There is a desk and three chairs in the room.
房间里有一张书桌和三把椅子。
There are three chairs and a desk in the room.
房间里有三把椅子和一张书桌。②there be句型中，谓语动词除be之外，还可以是某些状态动词，如：remain，lie，exist，live以及表示位置转移的动词，如arrive，come，follow，rise等。
There exists no life on the moon.月球上没有生命。
There remain some problems to be solved.
一些问题有待解决。
There rose a heavy smoke on the roof.
屋顶上升起一股浓烟。【温馨提示】
(1)there be句型中易错的地方
①There has a baby over there.(×)
不能用has或have代替there be 句型中的be。
②There is a baby is crying over there.(×)
baby是主语，后边应为定语，可用定语从句that is crying over there 或现在分词crying over there。完成句子
In the valley________.
峡谷中有一条河。
【答案】there lies a river即学即用2．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。
本句中含有“too＋adj./adv.＋to do”结构，这种结构在英语中常用，通常译为“太……而不能……，太……而无法……。”
I've been too busy to find time to answer your letter.
＝I've been so busy that I can't find time to answer your letter.我太忙了没时间给你回信。【归纳拓展】
(1)too＋adj./adv.(for sb)＋to do表示否定意义，意思是“太……而不能……”。可用so＋adj./adv.＋that句式改写。
too…to中的too前用否定词(如never)时，表示肯定。
It is never too late to learn.
学习任何时候都不为晚。
(2)only too…to表示肯定。其中too后形容词多数是表示某种心理的，如：glad，pleased，willing，thankful，delighted，anxious，eager，ready等。句型转换
①A：The girl is too young to go to school.
B：The girl is ________ go to school.
【答案】so young that she can't
【解析】与so…that结果状语从句互换。
英译汉
②I'm only too pleased to help you.
【答案】我很高兴帮助你。即学即用3．All hope was not lost.并非所有的希望都已失去。
这是一个部分否定句。
(1)表示“全体”意义的代词、形容词或副词，如all，both，every，everybody，everything等，与否定副词not连用可构成部分否定。
All the students in our class haven't seen him.
并非全班同学都见过他。
Both of the boys aren't good at English.
并非两个男孩的英语都好。
Everybody doesn't know it.此事并非人人皆知。(2)某些副词，如always，often，quite，entirely等，与否定谓语连用，常表示部分否定。
He does not often go to the laboratory.他并不常去实验室。
The old house is not quite what it should be.
这老房子并不十分合乎理想。【温馨提示】
否定词not也可置于句首，表示部分否定。
Not all the students in our class have seen him.
并非全班同学都见过他。
Not both of the boys are good at English.
并非两个男孩的英语都好。
Not everybody knows it.
此事并非人人皆知。(3)全部否定，通常要把这些具有总体意思的词改为相应的否定词，如none，neither，nothing，nobody，no等。
None of the students in our class have seen him.
全班同学没人见过他。
Neither of the boys is good at English.
两个男孩的英语都不好。
Nobody/No one knows it.没人知道此事。英译汉
①All that glitters is not gold.
【答案】闪光的并非都是金子。
②To our surprise，none of the students in her class passed the exam.
【答案】令我吃惊的是，她班里没有一位同学通过考试。即学即用4．To the north of the city…城市的北边……
Japan lies (to the) east of China.
日本在中国的东边。
【归纳拓展】
to the north of…(指在范围之外)
in the north of…(指在范围之内)
on the north of…(指接壤)用适当的介词填空
①Harbin lies ________ the north of China.
②Vietnam is ________ the south of China.
③Taiwan lies ________ the east of Fujian.
④Mexico is ________ the south of North America.
【答案】①in ②on ③to ④in即学即用Ⅰ.根据句意及所给单词的首字母，写出每个单词的正确完整形式
1．The firemen r______ three women from the burning house.
2．He couldn't help b______ into tears when he saw his mother again.
3．Unluckily，the house that we talked about is in r______.
4．The soldiers t______ their enemies and forced them to give in.5．We were s______ at their terrible working conditions.
6．He couldn't say a word when he heard the f______ news.
7．The umbrella is a poor s______ from heavy rain.
8．Thousands of people died in the earthquake，and many children became homeless because of the natural d______.
【答案】1.rescued 2.bursting 3.ruins 4.trapped
5．shocked 6.frightening 7.shelter 8.disasterⅡ.短语填空
1．He felt so terrible that he thought his world was ________________.
2．Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks ________________ it is going to rain.Let's hurry up.
3．More than a dozen people ________________ of the ruins were still alive.4．Hearing the news that his mother was ill in hospital，he rushed to the hospital ________________.
5．________________ the houses and buildings destroyed in the flood was still unknown.
6．The people here ________________ walking ten miles，for they walk to work every day.
【答案】1.at an end 2.as if 3.dug out 4.right away 5.The number of 6.think little ofⅢ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．He said he and his team were________(shock) by the findings.
2．They were ________ (trap)in the burning hotel.
3．Two players are out of the team because of ________(injure)．
4．We shouldn't waste ________(electrical)in our daily life.5．Death finally brought an end to his ________(suffer)．
6．This tie is ________(dirt)，so I'll take it to the cleaner's.
7．In India there is a ________(nation) festival on October 20 to honour Mohandas Gandhi.
8．I think it is dangerous to be a ________(mine)．
【答案】1.shocked 2.trapped 3.injury 4.electricity
5．suffering 6.dirty 7.national 8.minerⅣ.句型转换
1．The chickens and pigs were so nervous that they didn't eat anything.
→The chickens and pigs were ________ nervous ________ eat anything.
【答案】too；to
2．The world seems to be getting smaller and smaller.
→________ the world is getting smaller and smaller.
【答案】It seems that3．All the apples are not ready for the children.
→________ the apples are ready for the children.
【答案】Not all
4．Wherever they looked，almost everything was destroyed.
→________ they looked，________ everything was destroyed.
【答案】Everywhere；nearly
5．I won't go to Shanghai by train.Instead，I'll go there by air.
→I will go to Shanghai by air ________ train.
【答案】instead of byⅤ.汉译英
1．碰巧街上有家商店。(there happen to be)
【答案】There happens to be a shop in the street.
2．他抓着她的肩膀使劲摇晃。(shake)
【答案】He shook her violently by the shoulders.
3．这座古建筑现在已经成为废墟。(in ruins)
【答案】The ancient building is in ruins now.4．你认为谁会赢得这场比赛？(think)
【答案】Who do you think will win the game?
5．并非所有的人都喜欢流行音乐。(not all)
【答案】Not all are fond of pop music.Thank you!课件60张PPT。Period 2 Learning
about Language & Using LanguageUnit 4 Earthquakes damage frighten frightened frightening congratulation outline 裁判员 法官 断定 判决 判断 表示 表达 快车 速递 条 棒 条状物 真诚地 真挚地 headline cyclist Ⅱ.短语天地
1．________ thousands of 数万；好几万
2．be ________ of 以……为荣；以……自豪
3．________ out 分发；发出(气味、热等)
4．a great _______________ 许多；大量的
5．be ________ as 作为……而出名；通称为
6．________ your ________ words 用你自己的话
7．keep sb________ doing sth阻止某人做某事
8．be ________ 被系到……上，被……束缚着
9．_____________ areas 灾区tens of proud give number of known in own from tied to disaster-hit Ⅲ.句型搜索
1．________ ________ ________ ________(祝贺你成功)．
【答案】Congratulations on your success
2．________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (非常高兴地告诉你)that you have won the high school speaking competition.
【答案】I am pleased to tell you
3．________ ________ ________(正如你所知道的)，this is the day the quake happened.
【答案】As you knowⅣ.预读理解
回答下列问题
1．What about the student's speech?
【答案】All the judges agreed it was the best.
2．What do the cyclists make the journey for?
【答案】For the Disaster-Hit Areas.1．frighten vt.使惊惧，使害怕(常用于被动语态)
The little girl was frightened by the big dog.
小女孩被大狗吓坏了。单词扫描 【归纳拓展】
be frightened at 看到/听到……吓一跳
be frightened away/off被吓跑
frighten sb into (doing)sth吓得某人做某事
frighten sb out of doing sth吓得某人不敢做某事
be frightened of(＝be afraid of)害怕……
frighten to death 吓死【词句辨析】 frightening/frightened
(1)frightening是“令人害怕的”，事物本身具有使人害怕的性质，如：the frightening story吓人的故事。
(2)frightened是“受到惊吓的，感到害怕的”，如：a frightened girl 受惊吓的女孩，frightened eyes惊恐的眼睛，a frightened look/expression害怕的表情。用上述知识完成句子
①The little boy was frightened ________ the noise.
【答案】at
【解释】考查介词搭配。be frightened at“看到/听到……吓一跳”。
②The ________ news made all of them ________ to death.
【答案】frightening；frightened
【解释】句意：“那令人恐惧的消息使他们都害怕得要命”。即学即用2．congratulation n．庆祝，祝贺，常用复数形式，并与介词on搭配。
I offered my congratulations on his success.
我祝贺他取得了成功。
Congratulations！You've done so well.
祝贺你！你棒极了。用上述知识完成句子
①—John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
—Oh，________！
【答案】congratulations
【解释】本题考查交际用语中单词(短语)的区别，根据题意可知，这儿应用一个表示祝贺的词(短语)。即学即用②The two sportsmen congratulated each other ________ winning the match by shaking hands.
【答案】on
【解释】句意：这两名运动员通过握手彼此祝贺赢了比赛。congratulate sb on(doing) sth为固定搭配，意为“祝贺某人(做了)某事”。3．judge
(1)n.评委；裁判员；法官
We invited four judges for the competition.
我们为比赛请了四位裁判。
(2)vt.审判；裁决；判断；断定
I can't judge whether you're right or wrong.
我不能判断你是对是错。
(3)judge sb/sth(to be)…认为某人(某事)……
At that point we judged it wise to leave them alone.
在那种情况下，我们认为不去打扰他们是明智的。(4)judge…by/from…根据……判断
Teachers tend to be judged by their students' exam grades.
人们常以学生的考试分数来评判教师。
(5)judging by/from…依……来判断(通常作独立状语)
Judging from what you said，he must be an expert.
按你说的，他一定是位专家。
Judging by his look，he doesn't think much of our plans.
从他的表情看，他对我们的计划评价并不高。类似的用法还有：generally/honestly/strictly speaking.
一般/诚实/严格说来。
Generally speaking，women cry more easily than men.
一般而言，女人比男人容易哭。
派生词：judg(e) ment n．审判，裁判，判决用上述知识完成下列句子
①________ his accent，he is from the south of China.
【答案】Judging by
【解释】judging by在句中作状语，意为“根据……来判断”。句意：根据他的口音来判断，他来自中国的南方。
②It is not right to judge a person ________ the clothes he wears.
【答案】by
【解释】judge…by…“根据……来判断”。即学即用4．honour可用作可数或不可数名词，也可用作动词，但要注意不同词性的词义
(1)n.[U]荣誉，光荣
They fight for the honour of the country.
他们为国家的荣誉而战。
(2)n.[U]尊敬，敬意
One must show honour to one's parents.
一个人对父母必须尊敬。 (3)n.[C]使人感到光荣的人或事
He is an honour to his family.
他令他的家人感到光荣。
(4)vt.尊敬；给以荣誉
He was honoured for what he had done.
他因所做的事而获得了荣誉。
【常用搭配】
do honour to 纪念……；给……带来荣誉
in honour of为了纪念……【温馨提示】
英语中有些不可数名词有时可以用作可数名词，具体到某一个人或者某一件事。类似单词有pleasure，surprise，failure，success，pity等。
His success was a great surprise to me.
他的成功令我大吃一惊。
The show was a great success.这次演出非常成功。【归纳拓展】
in memory of为了纪念
honourable adj.可敬的完成句子
①________ to have the Queen visiting our town.
女王能光临我镇真是莫大的荣幸。
【答案】It's a great honour
②We'll hold a party ________ the great scientist.
我们将举行一个晚会纪念这位伟大的科学家。
【答案】to honour/in honour of即学即用【归纳拓展】
expression n．表达；表情
expressive adj.表情丰富的；有表现力的
beyond expression无法表达，形容不出
without expression毫无表情完成句子
Words can't ________ how angry we felt.
【答案】express
【解释】句意：“言语都无法表达我们的愤怒”。express“表示，表达”；show侧重表现；give“给”；explain“解释”。即学即用1．be pleased to do…
pleased感到高兴，感到满意，常用于形容人
be pleased to do sth很高兴做某事
be pleased with sth对……感到满意
—I'm very pleased with my own cooking.It looks nice and smells delicious.
——我对自己的烹饪很满意。做出的饭菜外观好看，闻起来也香。短语释义 —Mm，it does have a pleasant smell.
——嗯，这饭菜确实很香。
I'm pleased to tell you that you are admitted into Beijing University.
我很高兴地告诉你，你被北京大学录取了。2．be proud of
be proud of为……而自豪，后接名词、代词或者动名词。
We're proud of being Chinese.
我们作为中华儿女而自豪。
proud的名词为pride，常用短语为take pride in。
He took pride in his achievements.
他为自己的成就感到自豪。【归纳拓展】
be proud of＝take pride in 以……而自豪
with pride＝proudly自豪地
be proud＋to do/that clause汉译英
①他觉得自己是一个科学家很光荣。
【答案】He is proud that he is a scientist.或：He is proud to be a scientist.
②这对家长为自己的孩子的成功感到自豪。
【答案】The parents took pride in the success of their child.即学即用3．keep…from doing…防止某事发生；与stop…from doing和prevent…from doing同义。
These worries kept/prevented/stopped her from sleeping properly.这些烦恼使她睡不好觉。【归纳拓展】
keep up with赶上
keep back阻止；扣留；隐瞒不讲
keep away from 避开，不接近
keep in touch with与……保持联系
keep off勿踩，远离
keep on doing sth持续做某事用上述知识完成句子
I'm putting on weight.The doctor has warned me to ________ sugar.
【答案】keep off
【解释】句意：我的体重在增加。医生已经警告我要远离糖。keep off sugar远离糖。即学即用4．be known as(＝be famous as)作为……而闻名
后跟表示人的身份、职业的名词。
Einstein is known as a great scientist.
爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家而闻名。
【归纳拓展】
be known for(＝be famous for)以……而闻名
be known to为……所知
be known by根据……了解用正确介词填空
①Qingdao is known ________ its beautiful scenery.
②As is known ________ us all，the Great Wall is one of the seven wonders in the world.
③Mary was well-known ________ an excellent dancer.
【答案】①for ②to ③as即学即用5．give out
(1)发出(光、热、气味，信号等)
The sun gives out a lot of heat.太阳发出大量的热。
(2)分发
to give out papers 分发试卷
(3)公布，宣布；发表
It was given out that he was dead.
他的死讯已经公布。
(4)用完，用尽，精疲力竭
His strength gave out.他已精疲力竭。【归纳拓展】
give back 归还
give away 赠送，颁发；放弃(机会)
give in 屈服，投降，退让(to)
give off (散)发出(蒸汽)，发散(光线)
give up放弃，停止用上述知识完成句子
The news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was ________ on the radio yesterday.
【答案】given out即学即用1．As you know，this is the day the quake happened…
如你所知，这是那场地震发生的日子……
句中的as引导非限制性定语从句，as代替主句内容，在从句中作主语或宾语。
as作为关系代词，既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。句式突破 (1)as引导限制性定语从句时，通常用于the same…as…和such…as…句型中。在定语从句中as可用作主语、宾语和表语。
I want the same car as he drives every day.
我想有一辆他每天开的那样的轿车。
(2)as引导非限制性定语从句时，往往修饰整个主句，代表主句所表述的内容。as引导的定语从句，可放在主句前，也可放在主句后，而which引导的定语从句只能放在主句后。完成句子
①众所周知，发光的并非全是金子。
All that glitters is not gold，________________________.
【答案】as everybody knows
②据说，他们要派我们去帮助那些欠发达地区的儿童。
________________，they will send us to help the children in the less-developed areas.
【答案】As is said即学即用③据上周报道，在这家外国公司的帮助下，他们将要发射另一颗人造卫星。
They would send up another man-made satellite，____________________，with the help of the foreign company.
【答案】as was reported last week
④她学习很好，这使她父母很满意。
She did well in her studies，_________________________.
【答案】which made her parents satisfied2．Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28 at 11：00 am.我们办公室想请你在7月28日上午11点给来公园的参观者进行演讲。
【归纳拓展】
(1)“让(使)某人做某事”的常用短语：
have sb do sth
get sb to do sth
get/have sb doing sth
let sb do sth
make sb do sth(2)ask sb to do sth ell sb to do sth
advise sb to do sth encourage sb to do sth
warn sb to do sth【词句辨析】 have sb do/have sb doing/have sth/sb done
(1)have sb do与have sb doing这两种用法的基本意义相同，只有细微的差别。现在分词doing作宾补时动作具有进行的含义，也可指一个动作的持续，不定式作宾补时可表示动作的整个过程，也可指将来或者可能发生的动作。(2)have sth/sb done可表主语有意识的行为，宾语含有被动之意；也可表“遭遇”“经历”，是违背主语意愿的。
I won't have you say such things.
我不会让你说这样的话的。
He had us laughing all through lunch.
他使我们整顿午饭都在笑。
You'd better have that bad tooth pulled out.
你最好把那颗坏牙拔掉。
The old woman had her handbag stolen.
这位老太太的手提袋被偷了。完成句子
①我们很高兴能让你和我们一道工作。
We'd be delighted __________________________.
【答案】to have you work with us
②我会找人给你修理自行车的。
I'll __________________ the bike for you.
【答案】have someone repair即学即用3．The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.
那个人正在楼下睡觉，突然地震发生了。
本句中的when用作并列连词，意为“这时，就在那时(突然)”。
I was fishing by the river when someone called for help.
我正在河边钓鱼，突然听到有人呼救。【归纳拓展】
when的这种功能还常用于以下结构：
…be doing…when正在……这时
…be about to do…when 正打算做……这时
be just going to do…when 正要……这时
had just done…when… 刚做了……这时
be on the point of doing…when 正要……这时用上述知识完成句子
He was surfing the Internet ________ the electricity was cut off.
【答案】when
【解释】when在此为并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”。while也可作并列连词，但它表示对比。句意：“他正在上网，这时突然停电了”。即学即用Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He got some apples by s______ the apple tree.
2．The audience b______ into cheers.
3．The weather was so hot that the fish began to be s______ soon.
4．The flood d______ a lot of houses and many people became homeless.5．He was lucky enough to be r______ from drowning.
6．After e______ was cut off，the lights went out.
7．D______ always come in three.
8．Trees along the road provide s______ from the sun for the farmers.
9．The bridge was badly d______ by the flood.
10．The workers are d______ a well in the desert.
11．It's an h______ for me to be invited to speak here.
12．The police set a t______ to catch the thief.【答案】1.shaking 2.burst 3.smelly 4.destroyed
5．rescued 6.electricity 7.Disasters 8.shelter
9．damaged 10.digging 11.honour 12.trapⅡ.介、副词填空
1．She burst ________ crying the moment she heard the bad news.
2．An earthquake left the whole town ________ ruins.
3．The mud dug ________ was piled up to a long bank.
4．Please accept my congratulations ________ your marriage.
5．A man should be judged ________ his deeds，not his words.
【答案】1.out 2.in 3.out 4.on 5.from/byⅢ.句型转换
1．A.Hearing the news，he left for London at once.
B．Hearing the news，he left for London ____________ ________.
【答案】right away
2．A.The villagers took the potatoes from the earth for food.
B．The villagers ________ ________ the potatoes from the earth for food.
【答案】dug out3．A.He burst out laughing while watching TV.
B．He ________ ________ laughter while watching TV.
【答案】burst into
4．A.American fast food seems to be the most popular in the world.
B．________ ________that American food is the most popular in the world.
【答案】It seems5．A.Seeing a car coming at him at a top speed，the old man was so frightened that he couldn't move.
B．Seeing a car coming at him at a top speed，the old man was ________ frightened ________ move.
【答案】too；toⅣ.完成句子
1．那个事故发生之后他的生活似乎全都毁了。
After the accident his life seemed to be _________________.
【答案】in ruins
2．我们的食物将要没有了。
Our food will be _____________________________.
→Our food will_____________________________________.
【答案】at an end；give out3．每天有成千上万的人来参观秦兵马俑博物馆。
____________ people come to visit the Museum of Qin Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses every day.
【答案】Thousands of
4．他们对她的无礼感到震惊。
They ________________ by her rudeness.
【答案】were shocked
5．不是所有的学生都听这个讲座。
________________ the students are present at the lecture.
【答案】Not allThank you!课件36张PPT。Period 3 GrammarUnit 4 Earthquakes 一、观察下列句子：
①A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canals.
②The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
③It was a city whose hospitals,75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone.定语从句(Ⅰ)1．以上句子为复合句，其中从句用来修饰一个名词或代词，这样的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
先行词在定语从句中必不可少，定语从句通常跟在先行词的后面。
(1)The number of people who/that lost homes reached 250,000.
翻译：无家可归的人数多达25万。(2)It sounded like a train which/that was going under the house.
翻译：它听起来就像在房子底下奔驰的火车。
例(1)中，主句是The number of people reached 250,000，先行词是people，定语从句是who/that lost homes。
例(2)中，主句是It sounded like a train，先行词是a train，定语从句是which/that was going under the house。2．定语从句的引导词叫关系词。
关系词有两类：
①关系代词。主要有：which，that，who，whom，whose，as。
②关系副词。主要有：when，where，why。
关系词有三个作用：
①连接作用：连接主句与从句；
②成分作用：在句中作一定的成分；
③替代作用：代替某一名词、代词或某一句话的内容。二、定语从句中关系代词的用法
Ⅰ.用于定语从句的关系代词Ⅱ.关系代词的用法
1．that，指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
(1)Who is the man that is reading a newspaper over there？(that作主语，指人)
(2)The finger (that) I put into my mouth was not the one(that)I had dipped into the cup.(that作宾语，指物)2．which，指物不指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略。
(1)A chemist's shop is a shop which sells medicine.(which作主语)
(2)The film(which)we saw last night was wonderful.(which作宾语)3．who，指人，在定语从句中作主语，作宾语时可省略。whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，不能作主语，可省略。whose指人或物，在定语从句中充当定语。
(1)The comrade who visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster.(who作主语)
(2)Who's the man (whom) you just talked to？(whom作宾语)
(3)Wei Fang is the student whose home caught fire last week.(whose作定语)Ⅲ.注意问题
1．关系代词which，that，whom在定语从句中充当宾语时，在口语和非正式文体中常省略。
The boy (whom/that) we saw yesterday was John's brother.
The car(which/that)my uncle just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.2．先行词为everything，anything，nothing，something(也可用which)，用that引导。
All that can be done has been done.
所有能做的事都已经做了。
You can take any book that you like.
你可以拿你喜欢的任何一本书。
3．先行词为形容词最高级或先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best book that I have ever read.
这是我所读过的最好的书。Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词填空
1．The boy ________ was here a minute ago is my brother.
2．The watch ________ is made in this factory is the best in our country.
3．Over there is the man，________ brother is one of my classmates.
4．The letter ________ I received yesterday is from my sister.
5．The train ________ was going to Nanning was late.
【答案】1.who/that 2.that/which 3.whose 4.that/which 5.that/which即学即用Ⅱ.把下列每对句子合并成一个句子，并使第二个句子成为定语从句
1．The writing -brush is mine. He has taken it away.
【答案】The writing -brush(that/which)he has taken away is mine.
2．The students will not pass the examination. They don't study hard.
【答案】The students who/that don't study hard will not pass the examination.3．The man is our geography teacher. You saw him in the park.
【答案】The man(whom/who/that)you saw in the park is our geography teacher.
4．This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.
【答案】This is the boy whose sister is a famous singer.
5．I want to talk to the boys. Their homework hasn't been handed in.
【答案】I want to talk to the boys whose homework hasn't been handed in.Ⅲ.完成句子
1．This is the best film ________(今年放映过的)．
【答案】that has been shown this year
2．Here is the pen ___________________________(你昨天丢失的)．
【答案】(that/which)you lost yesterday
3．Wheat is a plant ________________________(中国北方都种植的)．
【答案】that/which is grown in the north of China4．We like the football team________(已经在这里踢了好几场球的)．
【答案】that/which has played several games here
5．The young man ________(从我们身旁走过去的)is the assistant of our chemistry lab.
【答案】who/that walked past usⅠ.将下列两个句子合为含有定语从句的主从复合句
1．This is the house.We bought it last year.
→This is _______________________________________.
【答案】the house(that/which)we bought last year2．He is man.I saw the man last night.
→He is ________________________________.
【答案】the man(who/whom)I saw last night
3．The gifts were sent to Jack.They were expensive.
→The gifts ____________________________.
【答案】that/which were sent to Jack were expensive4．The house was built last year.Its windows face south.
→The house _________________________________.
【答案】whose windows face south was built last year
5．The old man has two sons.Both of them are doctors.
→The old man has two sons，_______________________.
【答案】both of whom are doctorsⅡ.把下列句子改写成定语从句
1．I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.
【答案】I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical music.
2．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress. I gave it to her.
【答案】Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress (that/which)I gave her.3．The student's article was published. I know the student.
【答案】I know the student whose article was published.
4．Betty is studying English very well. She has never been abroad.
【答案】Betty, who has never been abroad, is studying English very well.
5．My grandparents live in a house. It is more than 100 years old.
【答案】My grandparents live in a house，which is more than 100 years old.自然灾害
自然灾害既有地震、火山爆发、泥石流、海啸、台风、洪水等突发性灾害；也有地面沉降、土地沙漠化、干旱、海岸线变化等在较长时间中才能逐渐显现的渐变性灾害；还有臭氧层变化、水体污染、水土流失、酸雨等人类活动导致的环境灾害。这些自然灾害和环境破坏之间又有着复杂的相互联系。该话题涉及到动植物的保护、人与自然的和谐相处、自然规律、环境保护、全球变暖等问题。写作命题人员可能会从以下角度来命题：(1) 分析我国雾霾天气的频繁出现的原因及防护措施；
(2) 如何加强野生动物资源保护，维护生态平衡；
(3) 就如何治理大气污染发表看法；
(4) 报道广州市政府为在雾霾天气出现后采取的一系列环保措施及效果。一、必备短语
1．cut off the power/ electricity 电力中断
2．wash away buildings, roads and bridges冲走房屋、道路、桥梁
3．cause great damage /economic losses造成巨大损失/经济损失
4．stricken district/ area受灾地区
5．raise the awareness of environmental protection提高环保意识
6．environment-friendly products环保产品
7．take effective measures to do sth采取有效措施做某事 二、相关句式
1．Everyone should take the responsibility to protect the environment./ It's everyone's duty to protect the environment. 保护环境，人人有责。
2．In spite of all this, the government called on the whole nation to support the places hit by the worst disaster.
尽管如此，政府还是号召全国支援被这次大灾难袭击的地区。3．The city government took effective measures to protect rare animals.政府采取有效措施保护珍稀动物。
4．Nowadays, natural disasters have been more widespread and more frequent, becoming very rapidly an increasing threat to development. 如今，自然灾害更加普遍和频繁，迅速成为了发展越来越大的危胁。
5．Typhoon Morakot brought the worst flooding in 50 years to southern Taiwan, killing more than 460 people with scores of people injured or missing. “莫拉克”台风袭击台湾南部，造成50年来最严重的水灾，460人死亡，几十人受伤或失踪。三、语篇模板
大气污染已严重影响到我们的日常生活。就雾霾天气的防护措施以及如何治理大气污染等大家关心的问题，相关专家提出了一些建议。请根据专家的建议写一篇英语短文，用于你校的英语校报。【写作内容】【写作要求】
1．只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；
2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3．短文的第一句已经给出，不计算在5个句子中。【范文】
Given that smog from air pollution has seriously affected our daily life, an expert on health and environmental protection gives some advice.
We are advised to stop outdoor activities like PE lessons at schools and try to let the doors and windows remain shut most of the time to keep smog out. Meanwhile, we should drink more water and eat more fruits, which is considered to be helpful in such a situation. 四、写作练笔
某环保组织来你所在的城市了解城市垃圾处理问题。假如你是李华，请代表市民谈谈你对城市垃圾处理这一问题的看法以及你所在的城市是如何进行垃圾处理的。【写作内容】
1．处理城市垃圾是一个非常重要的问题；
2．垃圾不但会污染空气、水和我们居住的地方，而且还会危害我们的健康；
3．政府已经制定了法规，禁止垃圾污染环境；
4．处理措施：分类，回收利用，掩埋，污水净化；
5．你的看法。【写作要求】
只能用5个句子表达全部内容。
【评分标准】
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
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_____________________________________________【答案】
As is known to all, it is very important to deal with the rubbish in cities. Rubbish may not only pollute the air, the water and the places we live in, but also do harm to our health. Therefore, a series of laws and rules have been taken by the city government to prevent rubbish from polluting the environment. In our city, rubbish is sorted, recycled, buried and the waste water is cleaned before it goes into the river to make sure that it is safe. As for me, I think it is the responsibility of all citizens to prevent rubbish pollution so as to save our city and our living place.Thank you!
