课件113张PPT。Nelson Mandela—a modern heroUnit 5Section Ⅰ
Warming Up & ReadingUnit 5Ⅰ.单词速记
1．________(n.)质量；品质；性质
2．________(adj.)吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的
3．________(adj.)慷慨的；大方的
4．________(vt.)建立；建设
5．________(n.)人类
6．________(adj.)法律的；依照法律的
7．________(n.)舞台；阶段；时期
8．________(vt.& vi.)投票；选举(n.)投票；选票；表决quality mean generous found mankind legal stage vote 9．________(vt.)进攻；攻击；抨击
10．________(adj.)乐意的；自愿的
11．________(adj.)不公正的；不公平的
12．active(adj.)积极的；活跃的→________(n.)活动
13．self(n.)自我；自身→ ________(adj.)自私的→________(反)无私的；忘我的→________(adv.)无私地；忘我地
14．devote(vt.)献身；专心于________(adj.)忠实的；深爱的→________(n.)忠实；献身attack willing unfair activity selfish selfless selflessly devoted devotion 15．peaceful(adj.)和平的；平静的；安宁的→________(n.)和平
16．guidance(n.)指导；领导→________(vt.)引导
17．hopeful(adj.)怀有希望的；有希望的→________(adj.)绝望的
18．equal(adj.)相等的；平等的→________(adv.)平等地；相等地→equality(n.)平等；相等peace guide hopeless equally
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．把……奉献于；专心于 __________
2．对……慷慨 ________________
3．对……感激 ________________
4．用一种和平的方式 ________________devote...tobe generous withbe grateful forin a peaceful way5．out of work ______
6．as a matter of fact _______
7．blow up ________________
8．be put in prison ________________
9．in trouble ___________________________________
10．turn to ________________失业事实上使充气；爆炸把……投入监狱在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中求助于；致力于Ⅲ.完成句子
1．第一次见到纳尔逊·曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。
The time ___________________________was a very difficult period of my life.(关系副词when引导的定语从句)
2．那是在1952年，曼德拉是我向其寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。
It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer _______________________.(介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句)when I first met Nelson Mandela to whom I went for advice 3．过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage ______________________________. (where引导的定语从句)where we have almost no rights at all 4．我们被置于这样一个境地：要么被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。
We were put into a position __________________________ _____________________， or fight the government. (介词 ＋ 关系代词引导的定语从句)
5．只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
_______________________answer violence with violence. (only＋状语置于句首要倒装)in which we had either to acceptwe were less importantOnly then did we decide to Ⅳ.课文理解
1．Skim the passage and fill in the main idea of the whole passage and each part.2.Choose the best answers according to the passage.
(1)Why did Elias have to leave his education?
A．Because his family didn't have enough money for him to continue his education.
B．Because Mandela wanted him to work with him.
C．Because he had to do more important work.
D．Because he needed further education.
(2)How did Nelson Mandela help Elias keep his job?
A．He talked with Elias' boss.
B．He helped him get the correct papers.
C．He lent him some money.
D．He offered him a job.
(3)Which of the statements about Elias is WRONG?
A．He had to leave school for poverty when he was 8.
B．Lack of education, he was poor in reading and writing.
C．He worried that he would lose his job because he had little education.
D．It's hard for him to find a job in a gold mine so he values it much.
(4)In Elias' eyes, Mandela was ________.
A．silent and helpful
B．rich but selfish
C．kind and helpful
D．poor but kind(5)Which of the following is NOT the situation of the black in the early 1960s?
A．They had no rights to vote or choose who would rule them.
B．They could not get any jobs.
C．They lived in the poorest places in South Africa.
D．They could not grow food in the places where they lived.
答案：1.(1)helped the black people (2)The life (3)The change (4)did
2．(1)～(5) ABCCB1.quality
(1)n.品质；性质
Modesty is one of his good qualities.
谦虚是他的美德之一。
(2)n.质量
The shoes we sell are all of high quality.
我们卖的鞋子质量都很好。核 心 词 汇归纳拓展
of good/high quality 质量好的
of quality优质的，素质好的
in quality在质量上
Quality often matters more than quantity.
质量往往比数量更重要。活学活用
①The fridge is ________ high quality and is not expensive either.
A．in B．for
C．to D．of
用quality和quantity的正确形式填空
②He drank a small ________ of water.
③Watches made in Shanghai are of high ________.
答案：①D 考查介词。句意：这台冰箱质量非常好，而且不贵。of high quality“质量好的”。 ②quantity ③quality2．active adj.积极的；活跃的
①Although he is nearly 80, he is still very active.
尽管快80岁了，他还是十分活跃。
②She takes an active part in school life.
她积极参加学校的活动。
归纳拓展
(1)be active in 在……方面积极/活跃
take an active part in... 积极参加……
(2)activity n．活动
actively adv.积极地
活学活用
While a person is asleep, a part of his brain is still ______.
A．active B．alive
C．awake D．aware
答案：A 考查形容词。句意：虽然一个人睡着了，他大脑的一部分依然还活跃着。active“积极的，活跃的”；alive“活着的”； awake“醒着的”；aware“意识到”。3．mean adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的；刻薄的
①She has always been mean with money.
她在花钱方面非常吝啬。
②Don't be so mean to your little brother!
别对你弟弟那么刻薄！
归纳拓展
(1)be mean with... 在某方面吝啬
be mean to sb. 对某人刻薄(2)mean v．意味着；打算
mean to do 打算做……；有意做……
mean doing 意味着做……
(3)means n．方法；途径
①I'm sorry I hurt you. I didn't mean to.
对不起弄疼你了。我不是故意的。
②—That would mean wasting a lot of time.
——那将意味着浪费很多时间。
—Really? I don't mean to waste any time.
——是吗？我没打算浪费任何时间。活学活用
完成句子
①I ________________you this book today, but I forgot.
我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了。
②Missing this train ______________another hour.
错过这辆火车意味着你得再等一小时。
③________________ phone you all week.
整整一星期以来我一直打算给你打电话。④(2014·瑞安高一检测)The manager meat ________ the workers that being late for 5 times meant ________ the company.
A．to tell; to leave B．telling；leaving
C．to tell; leaving D．telling; to leave
答案：①meant to give ②means waiting for ③I've been meaning to
④C 考查非谓语动词。句意：经理打算告诉工人们，迟到5次意味着离开公司。mean to do“打算做……”；mean doing“意味着”。4．generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的
①She was a warm-hearted, generous old lady.
她是一位热心肠的、慷慨的老太太。
②It was generous of him to offer to pay for us.
他主动为我们付钱，真是大方。
③She is always generous to the kids.
她对小孩子总是很大方。
归纳拓展
It was/is generous of sb. to do 某人做……是大方的
be generous to 对……大方
be generous with 在某方面大方活学活用
完成句子
①__________________ you to share your food with me.
你把食物与我分享，真慷慨。
②The old gentleman __________________ the poor.
那位老绅士对穷人非常大方。③Our English teacher is such a(n) ________ person that he won't blame you for such a small mistake.
A．generous B．nervous
C．warm-hearted D．out-going
答案：①It is generous of ②is quite generous to
③A 考查形容词。句意：我们英语老师是一个宽宏大量的人，他不会因为这样的小错误而责备你。generous“慷慨的，大方的，宽宏大量的”；nervous“紧张的”；warm-hearted“热心的”；out-going“外向的”。5．devote vt.(与to连用)献身；专心于
①A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.
伟人就是将他/她的一生致力于帮助别人的人。
②After he graduated, he continued to devote himself to the research.
毕业以后，他继续专心于这项研究。
③Her son, whom she is so devoted to, went abroad last year.
她非常疼爱的儿子去年去了国外。归纳拓展
(1)devote oneself to 献身，致力，专心
(2)devoted adj.忠实的，深爱的
be devoted to 深爱，致力于
(3)devotion n．关爱，关照；奉献，忠诚
名师点津
to是介词。活学活用
完成句子
①She __________________ homeless children.
她把一生用来帮助无家可归的孩子。
②His whole life has been __________________ the origin of cancer.
他的一生都献给了对癌症起因的研究上。③(2014·池州高一检测)The scientist decided to devote his life to ________ pollution from ________ again.
A．preventing；happening B．prevent；happen
C．preventing；happens D．preventing；will happen
答案：①devoted her lifetime to helping
②devoted to studying
③A 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个科学家决定把他的一生致力于防止污染的再次发生。devote one's life to doing sth. “一生都致力于做某事”；prevent... from...“阻止……”，from为介词，后面要跟doing。故选A。6．found vt. 建立；建设
①The castle is founded on solid rock.
城堡被建在坚固的岩石上。
②The town was founded by English settlers in 1870.
这座城镇是英国移民于1870年兴建的。
活学活用
完成句子
①The town______________ in 1610.
该城镇兴建于1610年。
②The town, ________， attracts a lot of visitors.
这座城镇建立于1790年，吸引了大量游客。③(2011·福建高考) Tsinghua University, ________ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
A．found B．founding
C．founded D．to be founded
答案：①was founded ②(which was) founded in 1790
③C 考查非谓语动词。句意：建立于1911年的清华大学是成就大量杰出人物的摇篮。Tsinghua University“清华大学”和found“建立”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，选C。7．hopeful adj.怀有希望的；有希望的
①The fans are all hopeful that the football team will do well this year.
球迷都希望球队今年表现良好。
②I feel hopeful of success.
我对成功抱有希望。
归纳拓展
hopefully adv.有希望地
Hopefully, I'll be able to stay at home for three weeks this time.
我这次有望在家待3个月。活学活用
(2013·浙江，6)If we leave right away, ________ (hope) we'll arrive on time.
A．hopefully B．curiously
C．occasionally D．gradually
答案：A 本题考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我们马上出发，我们有望能按时到达。hopefully“有希望地”；curiously“好奇地”；occasionally“偶尔地”；gradually“逐渐地”。由题干意思可知正确答案为A。
8．vote
(1)vt.& vi.投票；选举
Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.
黑人无权投票选举他们的领导。
(2)n.投票；选票；表决
The votes are still being counting.
选票仍在统计中。归纳拓展
vote for/against 投票赞成/反对
vote on 投票表决
vote to do 表决做某事
①If we cannot agree, let's vote on it.
如果我们意见不一致就投票表决吧。
②Do you vote for or against her?
你投了她的赞成票还是反对票？活学活用
用适当的介词填空
①I may vote ________ her at the next election.
下届选举我可能选她。
②I appeal to you to vote ________ him.
我想请你投他的反对票。
③We are going to vote ________ the plan.
我们打算就这一提案进行表决。④Barack Obama was very happy when many supporters ________ him and he was elected president of the USA again.
A．voted for B．voted against
C．voted down D．voted out
答案：①for ②against ③on
④A 考查动词短语。句意：当很多支持者们投票支持他时，巴拉克·奥巴马非常高兴。他再次被选举为美国总统。vote for“投票赞成”；vote against“投票反对”；vote down“投票否决”；vote out“投票免去……的职务”。9．attack
(1)vt.进攻；攻击；抨击；(疾病等的)侵害
①We chose to attack the laws.
我们选择向法律进攻。
②The man attacked him with a knife.
那个男人持刀向他行凶。
(2)n.袭击，攻击；(疾病等)侵害
Once again we came under attack from the enemies.
我们又一次遭到敌人的袭击。归纳拓展
be/come under attack 遭到攻击
a heart attack 心脏病活学活用
完成句子
①They ________________ at night.
他们决定夜晚进攻。
②His remarks ____________ in the newspaper.
他的言论在报纸上受到挟击。③The town is so beautiful that it is hard to believe it was once ________ violently by European invaders(侵略者)．
A．attacked B．survived
C．shocked D．organized
答案：①decided to attack ②were attacked
③A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这座城镇如此漂亮，很难相信它以前被欧洲侵略者猛烈攻击过。attack“攻击”；survive“幸存”；shock“震惊”；organize“组织”。10．equal adj. 平等的；相等的
①It would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.
这有助于实现我们黑人和白人平等的梦想。
②I'm sure Tom is quite equal to the task.
我认为汤姆完全有能力承担这项任务。
③His paintings are without equal in the Western world.
他的画在西方世界首屈一指。归纳拓展
(1)be equal to sth. 与……相等
be equal to sth./doing sth.胜任某事/做某事
(2)equal n．平等的人
without equal 无敌；首屈一指的
(3)equally adv.相等地；同样的
equality n．相等；平等活学活用
完成句子
①Sixty minutes ______________an hour.
六十分钟等于一小时。
②Nobody can ________ in intelligence.
没有人在智力方面能比得上他。
③I don't feel ________ the work.
我觉得不能胜任做这项工作。
④They are of ________ height, but I think Robert ________ the job.
A．equally; is equal B．equal; is equal to
C．equal；equals D．equally；is equaled
答案：①is equals to ②equal him ③equal to doing
④B 考查形容词。句意：他们的身高相同，但我认为罗伯特能胜任这份工作。equal“相等的”；equally“相等地”；be equal to“胜任某事”。11．willing adj. 乐意的；自愿的
①Elias was willing to blow up government buildings.
伊莱亚斯愿意去炸毁政府大楼。
②How much are they willing to pay?
他们愿意付多少钱？
归纳拓展
be willing to do sth. 乐意做某事
be unwilling to do sth.不愿意做某事活学活用
完成句子
①I told them I was perfectly ______________________.
我告诉他们，我非常愿意帮忙。
②I'm perfectly ______________________.
我十分乐意讨论这个问题。
答案：①willing to help ②willing to discuss the problem12.out of work失业
①Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.
糟糕的是我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我很担心我会失业。
②He has been out of work for a year.
他已经失业一年了。重 点 短 语归纳拓展
“out＋of＋n.”的短语：
out of breath 上气不接下气
out of date过时的
out of order次序颠倒；出故障
out of control失控
out of danger脱离危险活学活用
完成句子
①Many a man ______________because of the depression.
由于经济萧条，很多人失业了。
②________________，he hasn't got much money.
由于失去了工作，他没什么钱。③Mr. Li is now out of ________ and it is not easy for him to find a ________.
A．work；work B．job；work
C．a work；job D．work；job
答案：①is out of work ②Being out of work
③D 考查冠词和固定搭配。句意：李先生现在失业了，对他来说找到一份工作不容易。out of work“失业”。job是可数名词，find a job“找到一份工作”。13．as a matter of fact事实上；实际上
①As a matter of fact, I do not like violence.
事实上，我不喜欢暴力。
②As a matter of fact, I have no interest in maths.
事实上，我对数学不感兴趣。
归纳拓展
as a matter of fact的同义短语(词)还有：
in fact/in reality/actually活学活用
I mistook him for a taxi driver；________， he is the CEO of General Motors.
A．as a result B．as a matter of fact
C．in the long term D．in the end
答案：B 句意：我错把他当出租车司机了，事实上，他是通用汽车公司的总裁。as a matter of fact“事实上”，符合句意。as a result“结果”；in the long term“从长远考虑”；in the end“最后”。 14．blow up充气；爆炸
①He is blowing up the balloon for his daughter.
他正在给女儿吹气球。
②The soldiers blew up the bridge.
士兵们把桥炸毁了。巧学助记
“吹”和“爆炸”看似风马牛不相及，其实它们均为气流等内部力量的“突发，迸发”。归纳拓展
blow down刮倒
blow out吹灭
blow over平息；消散
blow off放出；吹掉
blow away吹走；驱散
活学活用
完成句子
①The bridge ______________， so we couldn't get across.
桥被炸毁了，所以我们无法过去。
②Can you lend me a pump ______________ my bicycle tyres?
你能借给我个打气筒给车胎打打气吗？③He was put into prison because he wanted to ________ some government buildings.
A．blow up B．blow away
C．blow out D．blow over
答案：①was blown up ②to blow up
③A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他被关进了监狱，因为他想炸毁一些政府的大楼。blow up“充气，爆炸”；blow away“吹走”；blow out“吹灭”；blow over“平息”。15．in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的困境中
Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble.
当纳尔逊·曼德拉身处困境时，伊莱亚斯去看过他。
归纳拓展
get into trouble (使……)陷入困境
have trouble (in)doing sth./with sth.做某事有困难
take the trouble to do sth.不辞劳苦做某事
make trouble制造麻烦
ask for trouble自找麻烦活学活用
With a local guide ________ the way, they had no trouble ________ out of the forest.
A．leading；walk
B．led；walk
C．leading；walking
D．leads；walking
答案：C 考查非谓语动词。句意：由当地的向导领路，他们很容易地走出了森林。guide和lead之间是主动关系。have no trouble (in)doing sth.“做某事没有困难”。16．turn to求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向
①Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal?
纳尔逊·曼德拉为什么要借助于暴力来实现黑人与白人之间的平等？
②Their talk turned to the change that had taken place in the city.
他们的话题转到了城市发生的变化上。
③Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.
有困难请向警察求助。归纳拓展
turn around/round转身
turn down关小；拒绝
turn in 上交；上缴
turn off关掉
turn up出现，露面；调大
turn out证明是；结果是
turn over翻转活学活用
用turn的相关短语填空
①She didn't ________ at the party as she had promised to.
②It ________ that the job was much harder than we had thought.
③She's having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesn't know whom to ________.
④He did not fall asleep, ________ in bed from time to time.⑤The children all turned ________ the famous actress as she entered the classroom.
A．looked at B．to look at
C．to looking at D．look at
⑥With no one to ________ in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless.
A．turn to B．turn on
C．turn off D．turn over答案：①turn up ②turned out ③turn to ④turning over
⑤B 句意：当那位著名的女演员走进了教室，所有的孩子都转过头去看她。turn to 表示“转向，求助”的意思。但此处turn意为“转身”，其后的不定式表目的。
⑥A 句意：在这令人恐惧的情形下，她求助无门，感到很无助。本考题中含有“with＋名词(或代词)＋不定式”结构；其中，turn to表示“(＝to go to sb. for help向……求助)”。例如：I tried to stand on my own two feet rather than turned to my parents. 我设法自立而不求助于我的父母。17.He was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969.
1969年7月，他成为第一位登上月球的人。
句式分析
句中to land...是动词不定式作后置定语，修饰man。经 典 句 式名师点津
当被修饰的名词或代词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next, last, only和not a, the等时， 只能用不定式作后置定语。
①Believe it or not, I was the last to arrive at school this morning.
信不信由你，今天早晨我是最后一个到校的。
②What's the next thing to do according to the plan?
根据计划，下一步该做什么？
活学活用
①—The last one________pays the meal.
—Agreed!
A．arrived B．arrives
C．to arrive D．arriving
答案：C 考查动词不定式作定语的用法。代词one前有last修饰，故用动词不定式作后置定语。
②(2014·郑州模考)Chen Xiexia is the first Chinese athlete ________ the gold medal in Beijing Olympic Games.
A．winning B．to win
C．wins D．won
答案：B 因Chinese athlete前有序数词修饰，所以要用不定式作后置定语。句意：陈燮霞是北京奥运会上第一个获得金牌的中国运动员。18．The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。句式分析
(2)see, find, witness等词可用物作主语，以拟人手法增添语言色彩，see可译为“(在某段时期)发生(某情况)，经历，经受”。
Dusk saw the little boy wandering in the street.
黄昏时这个小男孩在街上闲逛。活学活用
仿写句子。
①这座老房子见证了这个城市的诸多变化。
___________________________________________________
②在计划的初始阶段，我们应该保守秘密。
We should keep secret at the stage ____________________.
答案：①The old house saw many changes of this city.
②where the plan starts19．We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.
我们被置于这样一个境地：要么被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。
句式分析
(1)这是一个主从复合句，in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词position。
(2)position是一个抽象的地点名词。类似的名词还有case, point, stage, situation等，这些词作先行词时，可用in which或where引导定语从句。活学活用
(2014·大理高一检测)It's helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently.
A．that B．when
C．which D．where
答案：D 考查定语从句。句意：把孩子放在一个能从不同角度审视自己的环境中是有帮助的。先行词是situation，定语从句中缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句，选D。20．We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful.
首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律。
句式分析
way后面跟的是一个定语从句。way在后面的定语从句中作主语或宾语时，引导词用that或which；作状语时，可用in which或that引导，且引导词可省略。
①They don't like the way that/in which Tom did it.
他们不喜欢汤姆处事的方式。
②Shape is the primary way that/in which we recognize what an object is.
形状是我们辨别物体的主要方式。活学活用
He doesn't like the way ________ you treated the girl.
A．which B．that
C．in that D．by which
答案：B 句意：他不喜欢你对待这个女孩的方式。当way在从句中指方式时，它后面的定语从句中的关系代词常用that，in which或者不填。这里的that不能与which替换。21．Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
句式分析
only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，要进行部分倒装。将助动词或系动词提前，放在主语之前。
①Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.
只有当他告诉我时，我才意识到他有麻烦了。
②Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.
只有当他说出那个字后他才意识到自己犯了个大错误。
③Only here can you find such kind of plant.
只有在这里你才能找到这种植物。名师点津
only的小陷阱
(1)当only修饰状语从句时，主句部分倒装，被only修饰的状语从句部分不倒装。如例①和例②中从句不倒装。
(2)only不置于句首不倒装。
(3)当only修饰主语时，则不用倒装。
Only the teachers are allowed to use this room.
只有老师才被允许使用这间教室。活学活用
完成句子
①Only in this way __________________ the problem on time.
只有这样我们才能按时解决这个问题。
②Only when we had studied the data again _______________ that there was a mistake.
只有当我们再次研究了这些数据的时候，我们才意识到出了一个错。③(2012·天津高考)Only after Mary read her composition the second time ________ the spelling mistake.
A．did she notice B．she noticed
C．does she notice D．she has noticed
④(2014·湖南，29)Only when you can find peace in your heart ________ good relationships with others.
A．will you keep B．you will keep
C．you kept D．did you keep答案：①can we solve ②did we realize
③A 考查倒装和时态。句意：仅仅在玛丽第二次阅读她的作文后，她才注意到这处拼写错误。“only＋状语从句”放在句首时，主句的主谓部分要进行部分倒装，排除B、D两项；根据句意可知叙述的事实发生在过去，所以要用过去时，排除C项，故选A项。
④A 考查倒装。“Only＋状语从句”放在句首时，句子用部分倒装，所以排除B、C两项；再由状语从句的时态以及“主将从现”原则可知，应该用将来时态，所以排除D项。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He has many good ________， such as honesty and modesty.
2．Mrs. Brown is over 80 but still________(活跃的) now.
3．It was g______of her to give away such a large sum.
4．He has d________his whole life to benefiting mankind.
5．We stick to the________(原则) that everyone should be treated fairly.
6．Under his g________，we finished the work smoothly.
7．In that country, people get the v______at the age of 18.
8．We shall fight them back if they a________.
9．The________(暴力)and bad language in the program shocked many of the viewers.
10．Not all men are e________in ability.答案：
1．qualities 译文：他有许多优良品质，例如：诚实、谦虚。
2．active 译文：布朗太太已80多岁高龄，但仍很活跃。
3．generous 译文：她真是大方，捐了这么一大笔钱。
4．devoted 译文：他已把一生献给为人类谋福利的事业。
5．principle 译文：我们坚守大家都被公平对待的原则。
6．guidance 译文：在他的指导下，我们顺利完成了工作。7．vote 译文：在那个国家，人们十八岁才有选举权。
8．attack 译文：如果他们进攻，我们应坚决反击。
9．violence 译文：那节目的暴力和粗话使观众震惊不已。
10．equal 译文：人们在能力方面是不相同的。Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Only when the war was over______to his hometown.
A．did the young soldier return
B．the young soldier returned
C．returned the young soldier
D．the young soldier did return
答案：A 句意：直到战争结束后，这个年轻的战士才得以返回故乡。only与状语从句连用放在句首时，句子采用部分倒装语序。2．Nowadays many school children________too much time________playing computer games.
A．spend; on B．devote; to
C．take; to D．cost; in
答案：B 考查动词用法。表示“花费”时，“take”和“cost”不能用sb.作主语，排除C、D两项；“spend”用法是sb. spend time in doing sth.或sb. spend time on sth.所以A项中“on”应改为in; devote...to＋n./doing，故B项正确。3．—I didn't intend to join Tom in attending the coming sports meet.
—Really？________， Tom is eager to do so.
A．In the end B．As a matter of fact
C．On purpose D．Generally speaking
答案：B 考查短语意义。in the end“最后”；as a matter of fact“实际上”；on purpose“故意地”；generally speaking“一般说来”。只有B项能使句意通顺。4．People in the city________the lawyer to be the leader of the committee, for they thought he could give a correct order of the city.
A．voted against B．voted on
C．voted for D．voted with
答案：C 考查vote的用法。vote for“投票赞成……”；vote against“投票反对……”；vote on sth. “投票表决”；没有vote with这一结构。结合句意，只有C项合适。5．They are of________height, but I think Mary________the job.
A．equal; is equal to B．equally; is equal
C．equal; equals D．equally; is equal
答案：A 考查equal的用法。equal可以作形容词，修饰名词height; be equal to the job“称职”，其中to是介词，故A正确。6．From their________on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.
A．stage B．position
C．condition D．situation
答案：B 考查名词词义辨析。stage“舞台，时期，阶段”；position“位置”；condition“条件，情况”；situation“形式，情况；情景”；根据空前的物主代词their可以推断出此处选B。句意：从他们在电视塔顶部的位置，游客们可以更好地看到这个城市的景色。7．He was put into prison because he________some government buildings in South Africa.
A．blew up B．blew down
C．blew out D．blew over
答案：A 考查blow的不同短语。blow up“充气；爆炸”；blow down“吹倒”；blow out“吹灭，熄灭”；blow over“停止；平息”。结合句意，只有A适合。8．—Why does she always ask you for help?
—There is no one else________， is there?
A．who to turn to B．she can turn to
C．for whom to turn D．for her to turn
答案：B 考查turn to及定语从句。turn to“求助于”，答语部分为定语从句，先行词“no one else”在从句中作介词to的宾语，省略了关系代词，A、C、D三项结构不对，只有B项结构正确。9．In order to compete with others, a factory should aim at________rather than________.
A．quantity；quality
B．quality; quantity
C．quantities; qualities
D．quality; quantities
答案：B 句意：为了与其他工厂竞争，一个工厂的目标应该重在质量而不是数量。第一空表示“质量”；第二空表示“数量”。
10．The October of 2005________another successful launch of manned spaceship in China.
A．have seen B．had seen
C．saw D．was seeing
答案：C the October of 2005在含义上相当于句子的时间状语，根据句意应用一般过去时态。see“见证”。11．—I thought you wouldn't mind.
—Well，________I don't, but you should have asked me first.
A．in other words B．on the other hand
C．for one thing D．as a matter of fact
答案：D 考查短语辨析。in other words表示“换句话说”；on the other hand表示“另一方面”；for one thing表示“首先，一则”；as a matter of fact表示“实际上，事实上”。句意：——我原以为你不会介意。——哦，事实上我不介意，但是你本该先问问我的。由句意可知答案为D。12．Though the city came________attack, the people of the city never________.
A．in; gave up B．in; gave in
C．under; gave in D．under; gave out
答案：C “受到袭击”要用“under attack”，故可排除A和B项。give in“屈服，投降”；give out“发出，发表”。故选C。句意：尽管这座城市受到袭击，但这儿的人永远不会屈服。13．Having been in________prison for a month, Charles was carried out of________prison and taken home.
A．/; the B．/; /
C．the; / D．the; the
答案：A in prison“坐牢”，是固定搭配，当prison指具体的场所时，应带冠词。14．I refused to tell a lie about it, because it's against my________.
A．principles B．orders
C．laws D．rules
答案：A 考查名词。句意：对于此事我拒绝撒谎，因为这违背我的原则。order“命令”；law“法律”；rule“规则”。
15．He was generous with his time，________I was grateful.
A．for which B．of which
C．at whom D．in whom
答案：A 句意：他在时间上非常慷慨，这正是我所感激的。be grateful for...“感激……”。Ⅲ.完成句子
1．________ ________ ________ ________ ________，parents don't want their children to be________ ________.
事实上，父母都不希望子女有麻烦。
2．As they were________ ________ ________， Mr.and Mrs. Black had to________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
布莱克夫妇由于失业，不得不向亲戚求助。3．He_______never_______ _______ ________ examination.
他从不为考试担心。
4．________ ________ working hard ________ you ________ your dream.
只有通过努力拼搏，你才能实现自己的梦想。
5．We should never laugh at those________ ________.On the contrary, we should________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
我们决不能嘲笑那些陷入困境的人，相反，我们应该尽力帮助他们。答案：
1．As a matter of fact; in trouble
2．out of work; turn to their relatives for help
3．has; been worried about
4．Only by; can; realize
5．in trouble; try our best to help themThank you!课件36张PPT。Nelson Mandela—a modern heroUnit 5Section Ⅱ
Learning about LanguageUnit 5关系副词和“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句观察思考，观察下列句子，写出黑体词(关系代词)的先行词及在定语从句中所作的成分
①The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.
(先行词________，时间状语)
②We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
(先行词________，地点状语)the time a stage ③The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.
(先行词__________，地点状语)
④The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.
(先行词_______________，地点状语)
⑤It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.
(先行词________________，宾语)the places the parts of town the black lawyer 一、基础点拨
(一)关系副词引导的定语从句语 法 精 讲I still remember the day when(on which) I first came to this school.
我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。
What's the name of the place where (at which) you spent your holiday last year?
去年你度假的那个地方叫什么名字？
The reason why he was late for class was that he got up late.
他迟到的原因是他起晚了。(二)“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
定语从句中的介词有时可置于关系代词之前，形成“介词＋关系代词”结构。关系代词通常是which和whom, which指物，whom指人。
1．介词＋which在所引导的定语从句中作时间状语、地点状语、原因状语等。
I'll never forget the days on which we studied together.
我永远忘不了我们一起学习的日子。
This is the town in which Shakespeare was born.
这就是莎士比亚出生的城镇。
Can you explain the reason for which you were absent?
你能解释一下你没来的原因吗？2．“名词/代词/数词＋介词＋关系代词”结构常用来表示与先行词之间的从属关系，可以用whose结构代替。
Please pass me the book，the cover of which/whose cover is blue.
请把那本蓝色封面的书递给我。
There are fifty students in our class, most of whom are from big cities.
我们班有50个学生，其中大多数来自大城市。3．关系代词前介词的选择。
(1)看先行词与介词的搭配。
The book has opened a window through which we can see a wonderful world outside. ( through the window 通过/穿过窗户)
书本打开了一扇我们能够看到外面精彩世界的窗户。
(2)看从句谓语动词与介词的搭配。
The university from which he graduated is supposed to be one of top universities in the world. ( graduate from a university 大学毕业)
他毕业的那所大学被看是世界上顶尖大学之一。(3)看从句中形容词与介词的搭配。
Her daughter has been admitted into Beijing University, of which she is very proud. (be proud of以……为自豪)
她女儿被北京大学录取了，为此她感到很自豪。
(4)看定语从句的含义。
Nowhere could he find his glasses, without which he could see nothing.
他找不到眼镜了，不戴眼镜，他什么也看不见。二、难点突破
1．部分“介词＋which”引导的定语从句可以转化为关系副词引导的定语从句。
(1)在定语从句中作时间状语时用when。
We'll never forget the days in which/when we stayed in the beautiful village.
我们永远不会忘记在那美丽的乡村待过的日子。(2)在定语从句中作地点状语时用where。
The school in which/where my sister is teaching is in the charge of a young lady.
我姐姐任教的那所学校由一位年轻的女士掌管。
(3)在定语从句中作原因状语时用why。
The reason for which/why he was absent from class today is that he is ill.
他今天没来上学的原因是他生病了。2．scene, case, point, situation, conditions等表示“情况，方面”等的名词作先行词时，在定语从句中作状语常用where引导，亦可用“介词＋which”结构。
He had to face the conditions where/under which pressure was heavy.
他必须面对压力很大的情况。
The scene where/in which the bear comes at the hunter is frightening.
熊朝猎人扑来的那一幕很吓人。3．在定语从句中“介词＋which”结构不可以与普通关系代词或关系副词互换的情况。
(1)介词＋which结构在定语从句中所作状语不表示时间、地点、原因时。
There's only one problem about which they disagree.
仅有一个问题他们不同意。
(2)有些“动词＋介词”短语，如look for, look after, take care of等，如果介词提前将会失去动词短语的意义时，介词不能提前变成“介词＋which”结构。
This is the very book (that) I am looking for.
这正是我在找的书。名师点津
关系代词和关系副词的选择：
(1)明确定语从句的先行词是表时间还是地点。
(2)分析句子结构，明确先行词在定语从句中所作的句子成分。Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空
1．I won't forget the night ________ I got lost in the mountain.
2．He at last explained to us the reason ________ he refused our offer.
3．This is a position ________ most of us want to get.
4．After graduation I would like to get a job ________I can use what I have learnt at school.
5．At the moment ________ he was announced to have won in the election，Putin couldn't keep back his tears.6．The teacher told Mary to tell us the way ________she enriched her English vocabulary.
7．The man with ________ our headmaster is shaking hands is a famous professor.
8．We got to know each other in the village school ________ I volunteered to work for two years.
9．Last year I paid a visit to the college in ________ I had spent four years.10．I treasure the days ________ I spent with my pen friends in his country.
答案：1.when 2.why 3.which 4.where 5.when
6．that/in which 7.whom 8.where 9.which
10．that/whichⅡ.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
1．The car ________ ________ he paid 18,000 yuan got burnt in an accident.
2．I searched carefully and found the hole ________ ________ the mouse came into my room.
3．This is the reason ________ ________ he failed to attend my birthday party.
4．I have lost my glasses，________ ________ I can't see clearly.5．The person ________ ________ the farmers learned a lot is an expert in farming.
6．This is the book ________ ________ he devoted all his energy.
7．It is surprising that he has forgotten the person ________ ________he drank last night.
8．The cane (手杖)________ ________the old man supports himself when walking is made of steel.
9．For several days，my telephone rang at 5 a．m., ________ ________ I was sleeping.10．He has three sons, two ________ ________ are famous scholars.
答案：1.for which 2.through which 3.for which 4.without which 5.from whom 6.to which 7.with whom
8．with which 9.at which 10.of whomⅢ.单项填空
1．—Where did you find Tom?
—It was in the house ________ I lived last year.
A．that B．which
C．where D．what
答案：C 考查定语从句。由语境知答语是个强调句的省略句，补充完整为：It was in the house where I lived last year that I found Tom.。被强调部分是地点状语in the house，后接定语从句，live是不及物动词，不需要接宾语，where在定语从句中作地点状语。
2．I shall never forget the years ________ I lived in the country with the farmers, ________ has a great effect onmy life.
A．that; which B．when; which
C．which; that D．when; who
答案：B 考查定语从句。第一个空引导定语从句修饰years，又在从句中作时间状语；第二个空引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，故选B。3．In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________she could turn for help.
A．that B．who
C．from whom D．to whom
答案：D 考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：在漆黑的街道上，没有一个她能求助的人。turn to sb.for help“向某人求助”，这是一个固定句式，person为先行词，定语从句部分中she为主语，whom作turn to的宾语，该句to放在了关系代词的前面，关系代词只能用whom。本句的正常语序为“In the dark street, there wasn't a single person whom she could turn to for help”。
4．I don't like the way ________ he treated the old.
A．which B．how
C．in that D．that
答案：D 考查关系词的使用。定语从句缺少状语。先行词way以in the way的形式在从句中作方式状语。当“way”表示“方式、方法”在句中作先行词，后被一个定语从句修饰时，引导定语从句可用that，也可用in which，或什么都不用。
5．Many young people just can't live without the Internet, ________ they depend on for whatever information they need.
A．which B．when
C．where D．what
答案：A 考查定语从句。句意：许多年轻人离开网络就不能活，他们依靠网络获得需要的任何信息。which引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作depend on的宾语，其先行词为the Internet。
6．When she was a small girl, her mother arranged for her to have extra classes on Saturday ________ piano lessonsare taught.
A．where B．who
C．which D．what
答案：A 考查定语从句。先行词为classes，定语从句piano lessons are taught不缺宾语或主语，所以先行词应该作状语，表地点用where。7．Is this the school ________ you studied twelve years ago?
A．in which B．that
C．in that D．the one that
答案：A 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意：这就是你十二年前就读的那所学校吗？本句中先行词为the school，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where或in which。介词in后面不能用that；D项结构the one重复，再者从句中不需要宾语，故选A。
8．“We went through a period ________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. ”said Mo Yan.
A．which B．whose
C．in which D．with which
答案：C 考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是period，定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语，因此period应该在定语从句中作状语，与介词的搭配是in the period，相当于when，因此选C。9．Can you think of a situation ________ this expression can be used?
A．which B．that
C．where D．不填
答案：C 考查关系代词的选用。在这个定语从句中this expression can be used不缺少主语和宾语，所以不可以填which和that或省略，因此断定定语从句中缺少状语，where相当于in a situation。
10．We all want to know the reason ________ you left without a word.
A．why B．which
C．where D．as
答案：A 考查定语从句。why＝for which，引导reason后的定语从句，在从句中作状语。句意：我们都想知道你不辞而别的原因。Thank you!课件76张PPT。Nelson Mandela—a modern heroUnit 5Section Ⅲ
Using LanguageUnit 5Ⅰ.单词速记
1．________ vt. 教育；训练→________ adj. 受过教育的；有教养的→________ n. 教育；培养→________ n. 教育家
2．________ vi. 请求；乞求→________ n. 乞丐
3．________ n. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动→________ adj. 可怕的；吓人的
4．________ n. 残忍；残酷→________ adj. 残忍的；残酷的
5．________ n. 报酬；奖金 vt. 酬劳；奖赏
6．________ n. 意见；看法；主张educateeducatededucationeducatorbegbeggarterrorterriblecrueltycruelrewardopinionⅡ.短语互译
1．lose heart ________________
2．stop sb. from doing sth. ________________
3．be in prison _______
4．come to power ________________
5．be proud to do ________________
6．乞求 ________________
7．设立；建立 ________________
8．被判处……(徒刑) ________________丧失信心阻止某人做某事 入狱当权；上台因做……而自豪beg forset upbe sentenced toⅢ.完成句子
1．那是一座任何人也逃不出去的监狱。
It was a prison _______________________. (介词＋关系代词)
2．他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。
He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we ______________________. (情态动词＋have done)from which no one escaped should have been asleep 3．他们并不比我聪明，却通过了考试。
They were not cleverer than me, but ________________________. (did强调谓语动词)
4．在曼德拉和非国大于1994年掌权之前，我又有20年没有工作。
I __________________________________ Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994. (not...until 直到……才)
5．第一次给旅行团讲解时，我的心情很不好。
I felt bad ___________________________. (the first time“第一次”，引导时间状语从句)they did pass their exams did not work again for twenty years until the first time I talked to a group Ⅳ.课文理解
Choose the best answer according to the passage?
1．How long was Elias in prison named Robben Island?
A．Four years. B．Four months.
C．Four weeks. D．Four days.
2．Life for Elias was not too bad in prison because ________.
A．he had to study
B．he could study with the guards
C．he wanted to study
D．he could study and get a degree
3．After Elias was released from prison, ________.
A．he only worked for a short time
B．he couldn't get any job
C．he was glad to work in a post office
D．he went to Mandela for advice4．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．It was very hard for Elias to take tourists around the old prison on Robben Island at first.
B．The reason why Elias is proud is that he has fought all his life for equal rights for the Blacks.
C．The police stopped the boss from giving Elias a job, and Elias was out of work.
D．Elias' family felt bad about his job as a guide, but Mandela encouraged him to go on.
5．Mandela was set free from prison ________ years later than Elias.
A．at least 20 B．more than 10
C．exactly 30 D．nearly 15
答案：1－5 ADADA1.escape
(1)vi.& n．逃走；逃脱；泄露；逃避
①It was a prison from which no one escaped.
那是一座任何人都逃不出的监狱。
②Whoever breaks the law won't escape punishment/being punished.
不管是谁违犯了法律都将无法逃脱惩罚。核 心 词 汇③She managed to escape from the burning car.
她从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。
(2)n.逃脱；逃走；逃避
①The thief jumped into a car and made his escape.
小偷跳进一辆汽车逃走了。
②For her, travel was an escape from the boredom of her everyday life.
对她来说，旅行是为了从乏味的日常生活中暂时解脱出来。
活学活用
完成句子
①对他们来说，想从监狱逃走是很困难的。
It is very difficult for them __________________.
②犯人试图逃跑。
The prisoners ____________________________.
③The soldiers narrowly escaped ________ in the hot battle.
A．to kill B．to be killed
C．being killed D．have killed
答案：①to escape from the prison
②tried to escape
③C 考查非谓语动词。句意：在激烈的战争中，这些士兵们死里逃生。escape后面要跟名词或动名词。故选C。 2．beg vi.请求；乞求
①All that time my wife and children had to beg for food and help from relatives or friends.
在此期间，我的妻儿只得从亲戚朋友那里讨饭吃，并乞求帮助。
②The children begged to come with us.
那些孩子请求和我们一起来。
③They begged him for help.
他们向他求助。归纳拓展
(1)beg for 乞求得到；请求得到
beg(sb.) to do sth. 乞求(某人)做某事
beg sth. of/from sb.＝beg sb. for sth. 向某人要(求)某物
beg one's pardon 没有听清，请求别人再重复一次的意思，此时多用升调
(2)beggar n．乞丐
活学活用
完成句子
①He __________________excuse him for interrupting me.
他请求我原谅他打扰了我。
②I __________________ anything like that to him.
我求你不要对他说那样的话。
③The poor child had to ________ food from door to door.
A．ask for B．ask
C．beg D．beg for
答案：①begged me to ②beg you not to say
③D 考查动词和动词短语。句意：这个可怜的孩子不得不挨家挨户讨饭吃。ask for“要求”；beg是不及物动词，beg for意为“乞求得到”。3．reward
(1)n. 报酬；奖金
①He gave the boy a reward of $100 for bringing back the lost dog.
因为找回丢失的狗，他奖励这个男孩100美元。
②She got nothing in reward for her kindness.
她的好心没有得到一点回报。
(2)vt.酬劳；奖赏
①How can I reward your kindness?
我怎么才能报答你的恩情呢？
②They rewarded the boy with ￡5 for bringing back the lost dog.
他们给了那男孩五英镑，酬谢他把丢失的狗送回来。
归纳拓展
(1)give/offer a reward to sb. for(doing) sth. 为某事而给某人报酬
in reward for为酬谢……
in reward＝in return作为回报/报答
as a reward for... 作为对某事的报酬/奖赏
(2)reward sb. with...for(doing)sth.为某事而以……报答某人易混辨析活学活用
用award和reward填空
①Mo Yan was ________ the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012.
②She started singing to the baby and was ________ with a smile.
③It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to ________.④The police are offering a $60,000 ________ for infomation about the killer.
A．price B．prize
C．reward D．award
答案：①awarded ②rewarded ③rewards
④C 考查名词。句意：警察对提供这个杀手信息的人悬赏60,000美金。price“价格”；prize“奖，奖品”；reward“报酬，奖金”；award“奖品，奖金”。4．sentence
(1)vt.判决；宣判
①Has the murderer been sentenced to death?
凶手已经被判处死刑了吗？
②He has been sentenced to pay a fine of ￡1,000.
他被罚款1,000英镑。
(2)n.判决；句子
The judge passed sentence.
法官宣布了判决。归纳拓展
(1)sentence sb. to death 判某人死刑
be sentenced to... 判某人……(徒刑)
(2)heavy/light sentence 重判/轻判
life sentence 无期徒刑
pass sentence on sb. 对某人宣判
巧学助记
With several sentences, the judge passed sentence on the criminal, who was sentenced to death.
法官用几句话宣布了对罪犯的判决，他被判处死刑。活学活用
完成句子
①She ____________________ nine years in prison.
她被判处9年监禁。
②A military court ________________in his absence.
一家军事法院在他未到庭的情况下判处他死刑。
答案：①was sentenced to ②sentenced him to death5．opinion n．意见；看法；主张
①In my opinion, Mr Sun Yat-sen is very important.
在我看来，孙中山先生很重要。
②What's your opinion of Mo Yan's works?
你认为莫言的作品怎么样？
③We have a good opinion of your son.
我们认为你的儿子很棒。
归纳拓展
in one's opinion＝in the opinion of sb. 在某人看来
What's your opinion of...? 你认为……怎么样？
have a good/bad opinion of...对……评价好/不好活学活用
Much to our disgust, this guy is always talking big and seems to have a good ________ of himself.
A．impression B．idea
C．assessment D．opinion
答案：D 句意：使我们感到非常厌恶的是，这家伙总是说大话，似乎自己很了不起。impression“印象”；idea“观点，看法”；assessment“评定，估价”；opinion“意见，主张”。have a good/high opinion of...意为“对……评价很好”。 6.lose heart丧失勇气或信心
①The scientist from whom the government heard the bad news never lost heart when he was in trouble.
告诉政府不好消息的那位科学家当陷入麻烦时从不灰心。
②Don't lose heart; all will turn out well.
不要灰心，一切都会好起来。重 点 短 语归纳拓展
learn sth. by heart 背诵；牢记
put one's heart into... 专心于
break one's heart 使某人很伤心
heart and soul 全心全意；完全地
lose one's heart to 爱上/倾心于
巧学助记
When he was a child, he lost his heart to writing poems. With many years' putting his heart into it, it seemed as if nothing had been achieved, but he never lost heart.
当他是个孩子时，他就喜欢上了写诗。经过多年致力于写诗之后，他似乎一事无成，但他永不灰心。活学活用
I hope, first of all, that we shall never lose ________ heart in face of ________ failure.
A. the；a B．the；the
C．不填；不填 D．a；不填
答案：C 考查冠词。句意：首先，我希望面对失败我们不能失去信心。lose heart是固定短语，意为“失去信心”。failure意为“失败”时是不可数名词，意为“一件失败的事或一个失败的人”时是可数名词。故选C。7．come to power 当权；上台
①The new leader has come to power.
新领导上台了。
②Four years later, Obama came to power again.
四年后奥巴马再次上台执政了。
归纳拓展
(1)come into power 上台；执政；当权
be in power 当权；执政
(2)do all/everything in one's power to do sth. 竭尽所能做某事
in one's power 在某人能力以内；为某人能力所及
out of/beyond one's power 超出某人的能力易混辨析活学活用
完成句子
①The party ________________at the last election.
这个政党是在上次大选中当选执政的。
②He __________________ at the age of thirty.
他三十岁时开始掌权。
③The present party ________________for two years.
当前的政党已经执政两年了。
答案：①came to power ②came to power
③has been in power8．set up设立；建立
①Fot all these years I have been working for others. I'm hoping I'll set up my own business some day.
这些年来我一直为他人工作。我希望有一天可以开创自己的事业。
②We decided to set up a fund for the Hope Project.
我们决定为希望工程建立一项基金。
③The moment they arrived there, they began to set up the tent.
他们一到那里就开始搭建帐篷。归纳拓展
set down 记下；写下
set about doing sth. 开始做某事
set aside 把……放在一边；省出，留出
set off 出发，动身；使爆炸；引起，激发
set out 出发，动身；摆放，陈列；开始，着手活学活用
用set的相关短语填空
①Einstein liked Bose's paper so much that he ________ his own work and translated it into German.
②Then, in 1995 the organization ________ an office in Beijing.
③I don't want to ________ a series of facts in a diary as most people do.
④I think we ought to ________ at 7：00, when the roads are empty.
答案：①set aside ②set up ③set down ④set off/out9.He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.
他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。
句式分析
(1)此句是一个含有定语从句的主从复合句。
(2)when引导定语从句，修饰先行词the lunch breaks and the evenings，并在从句中充当时间状语。经 典 句 式
(3)should have done表示本该做某事而事实上没有做，有悔恨、责备之意。
I beg your pardon. I suppose I should have knocked at the door.
请原谅。我想我本该敲门的。名师点津
情态动词后接完成式的用法
(1)must have done意为“过去一定做过某事”，只用于肯定句中。
(2)may/might have done意为“过去可能做过某事”。
(3)can/could have done意为“可能已经”，常用于疑问句。还可表示本来可以做的事而没做。can't/couldn't have done意为“过去不可能做过”。
(4)needn't have done表示过去做了不必做的事。
(5)shouldn't have done 意为“本不应该做某事而事实上做了。”活学活用
完成句子
①You __________________him about it.
你本不该把这件事告诉他的。
②I'm to blame. I __________________of that.
都怪我。我应该想到那一点的。③(2012·江西高考) We ________ have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.
A．may not B．needn't
C．can't D．mustn't
答案：①should not have told ②should have thought
③B 考查情态动词。句意：既然苏西不和我们一起吃晚饭，我们本没必要买如此多的食物。“情态动词＋have done”结构在此句子中表示对过去事情的推测、遗憾、责备等，needn't have bought意思是“本没必要买”。may not“可能不”；needn't“没必要”；can't“一定不会”；mustn't“一定不要”。10．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.
第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。
句式分析
此句是一个主从复合句，the first time引导时间状语从句。此处the first time是名词短语用作连词，意为“第一次”。
The first time I saw her, she was going shopping in the supermarket.
我第一次见到她的时候，她正在超市购物。归纳拓展
用作从属连词的名词短语还有：
each/every time 每次；每当
next time 下一次
the last time 最后一次
the instant/minute/moment 一……就……
—Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
—Yes, I gave it to her the moment I saw her.
——你记不记得是否偿还了欠玛丽钱这回事儿？
——记得，我一看到她就把钱还她了。活学活用
完成句子
①He came to see my mother ____________________.
他第一次到伦敦就来看望我的母亲。
②____________________，I knew that he was angry with me.
我一见到他，就知道他在生我的气。
③He felt nervous ____________________.
每次她和他讲话，他都感到紧张。④I thought her nice and honest ________ I met her.
A．first time B．for the first time
C．the first time D．by the first time
答案：①the first time he visited London
②The moment I saw him
③each time she spoke to him
④C 考查连词。句意：第一次和她见面时，我就认为她心善而且诚实。the first time是名词短语用作连词，意为“第一次”。for the first time的作用相当于一个副词。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Children should be ________(教育)in a proper way.
2．It was very cold in the tent. I had to hide my face under the ________(毯子)．
3．Thirty-six passengers could not ________(逃离) from the burning bus.
4．He received a medal as a ________(奖赏) for his courage.
5．A military court (军事法庭)________(宣判，判决) him to death.6．I want to know your ________(观点) about the plan.
7．I shook with ________(恐惧) whenever I was about to fly in a plane.
8．I can't stand some people's ________(残忍) towards animals.
9．Though the old lady has sons and daughters, she is ________(乞讨) for food on the street.
10．Whatever decision the ________(总统) makes，it will bounce back on the future of the country.答案：1.educated 2.blanket 3.escape 4.reward
5.sentenced 6.opinion 7.terror 8.cruelty 9.begging 10.presidentⅡ.单项填空
1．He ________ for ten years but he didn't want to leave office.
A．has been in power
B．has come to power
C．took office
D．came to power
答案：A 考查固定短语。句意：他执政已经十年了，但是他不想辞职。be in power“执政”，表示状态，可与for引出的时间状语连用。come to power“当权，上台”，指动作，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。故选A。
2．What a pity! He got nothing in________ for his hard work.
A．award B．prize
C．reward D．result
答案：C 考查名词辨析。句意：多么可惜！他的努力工作没有得到任何回报。award“奖金，奖品”；prize“奖品”；result“结果”。in reward for“作为……的回报”。3．People ________ a monument to honor those people who devoted their lives to their country.
A．set out B．set down
C．set up D．set about
答案：C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们建立一个纪念碑来纪念为他们国家奉献生命的人。set out“动身，出发，摆设”；set down“放下，记下”；set up“建立，设立”；set about“动身，出发”。
4．In the accident, only 3 of the miners escaped ________ by the gases.
A．killed B．killing
C．to be killed D．being killed
答案：D 考查非谓语动词。句意：在瓦斯事故中，只有三名矿工死里逃生。escape后面要跟名词或动名词，而且the miners和kill之间是被动关系，故选D。
5．________ by the teacher, Bob has made great progress this term.
A．Educating B．Having educated
C．Educated D．To be educated
答案：C 考查非谓语动词。句意：在老师的教育下，鲍勃这个学期进步很大。Bob和educate之间是被动关系，故排除A、B两项。D项表示动作发生在将来，不符合题意。故选C。6．The competition between the Chinese team and the Republic of Korean team is fierce (猛烈的), for each team has a ________ of losing the game.
A．terror B．lack
C．cruelty D．sentence
答案：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国队和韩国队之间的竞争很激烈，因为每一个队都怕输掉这场比赛。have a terror of doing sth.“害怕做某事”。7．(2014·温州高一检测)Whenever we are in ________， we must never lose ________， but try to think of the way out.
A．the trouble; our heart
B．troubles; hearts
C．trouble; heart
D．trouble; our heart
答案：C 考查固定搭配。句意：无论什么时候陷入了困境，我们绝不能灰心，而是要努力地想出办法。be in trouble“陷入困境”；lose heart“失去信心”。8．(2014·安阳高一检测) Anne felt very nervous ________ shegave a speech in front of so many students.
A．for the first time
B. at the first time
C．the first time
D. at first
答案：C 考查连词。句意：安第一次在这么多学生面前作演讲，她感到非常紧张。for the first time“第一次”，是副词。the first time“第一次”，是连词。故选C。
9．I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I ________ have driven her there.
A．will B．must
C．might D．should
答案：D 考查情态动词。句意：我告诉你朋友如何去宾馆，但是或许我本应该用车送她到那里。should have done“本应该去做，但没有做”。10．We suggest that they provide an effective warning system to ________ many of the disasters ________.
A．keep; happening
B．stop; from happening
C．stop; from being happened
D．prevent; from being happened
答案：B 考查动词用法。句意：为了阻止灾难的发生我们建议他们提供有效的预警系统。keep sb.from doing(不能省略from)，stop sb.(from)doing，prevent sb.(from)doing“阻止某人做某事”。happen是不及物动词，不用被动语态。故选B。11．We often see some poor people, who are out of work，________money in the market.
A．ask for B．beg of
C．ask to D．beg for
答案：D 考查动词词组。句意：我们经常看到一些失业的穷人在市场上乞讨。ask for“要求”；beg for“乞求；乞讨”。
12．(2014·泰安高一检测) The part of the town ________ the black people had to live was very poor and dirty.
A．which B．to which
C．that D．in which
答案：D 考查定语从句。句意：黑人在这个城镇居住的地区是非常贫穷和脏的。考查定语从句“介词＋关系代词”。live是不及物动词，和in搭配。故选D。
13．In my ________， anyone ________ breaks the law should be punished.
A．opinions; that B．opinions; who
C．opinion; he D．opinion; who
答案：D 考查介词短语和定语从句，句意：依我看来，任何违法的人都应该受到惩罚。in one's opinion“根据某人的意见”；anyone是先行词，who引导的是定语从句。
14．If you have a job, ________ yourself to it and finally you'll succeed.
A．do devote B．don't devote
C．devoting D．not devoting
答案：A 本题重在强调谓语。句意：如果你有一份工作，你要专心于工作，最终你会成功。对谓语强调，通常使用“do/does/did＋动词原形”来表示，所以答案为A。B项与语意不符。
15．He was ________ to five years in prison because of a car accident.
A．made B．caused
C．sentenced D．killed
答案：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于一场车祸，他被判处五年监禁。be sentenced to...“被判处……”。Ⅲ.完成句子
1．In no case should ________________.
任何情况下我们都不应灰心。
2．We were lucky to ________________.
我们很幸运，没有受罚。
3．The public ________________ in how to use energy more effectively.
应该教育公众如何更加有效地利用能源。4．He knew he had hurt her and ____________________ forgive him.
他自知伤了她的心而请求她原谅。
5．Before he ____________________， he was once put in prison for years.
在掌权之前，他曾经坐了几年牢。
6．They __________________ the little child.
他们因他救了那个小孩而奖赏了他。7．A new government ______________ after the war.
新政府于战后成立。
8．In the last 5 years, 23 men __________________.
在过去5年里，这个地区有23个人被判了死刑。
9．__________________， what he said is not true at all.
依我看来，他说的一点也不真实。
10．________________ onto the roof I felt nervous.
我第一次爬到房顶时，感到紧张不安。答案：1.we lose heart 2.escape being punished/punishment
3．should be educated 4.begged her to 5.came to power 6.rewarded him for saving 7.was set up 8.have been sentenced to death in the area 9.In my opinion 10.The first time I climbedThank you!课件37张PPT。Nelson Mandela—a modern heroUnit 5Section Ⅳ
Unit RevisionUnit 51.____________vt.(与介词to连用)献身；专心于
2．____________vt.建立；建设
3．____________vt.& vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票
4．____________vt.进攻；抨击
5．____________vi.逃脱，逃走；泄露
6．____________vt.教育；训练重 点 词 汇devote found vote attack escape educate 7．____________vi.请求；祈求
8．____________vt.判决；宣判
9．____________n．质量；品质；性质
10．____________n．自我；自身
11．____________n．共和国；共和政体
12．____________n．法则；原则；原理
13．____________n．人类
14．____________n．律师
15．____________n．指导；领导beg sentence quality self republic principle mankind lawyer guidance 16．____________n．费(会费、学费等)；酬金
17．____________n．青年；青年时期
18．____________n．舞台；阶段；时期
19．____________n．暴力；暴行
20．____________n．毛毯；毯子
21．____________n．亲戚；亲属
22．____________n．报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏
23．____________n．意见；看法；主张
24．____________adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的fee youth stage violence blanket relative reward opinion mean
25．____________adj.积极的；活跃的
26．____________adj.慷慨的；大方的
27．____________adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的
28．____________adj.法律的；依照法律的
29．____________adj.怀有希望的；有希望的
30．____________adj.相等的；平等的
31．____________adj.乐意的；自愿的active generous peaceful legal hopeful equal willing 1.______________失业
2．________________事实上
3．______________在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等处境中
4．______________丧失勇气或信心
5．______________设立；建立
6．______________使充气；爆炸
7．______________求助于；致力于
8．______________当权；上台
9．______________被判处……(徒刑)重 点 短 语out of workas a matter of factin troublelose heartset upblow upturn tocome to powerbe sentenced to1.……是……的第几个人
He was the first man__________________in July 1969.1969年7月他成为第一个登上月球的人。
2．“only＋状语”引导的倒装结构
I failed in the final examination last term and only then __________________________ studies.
上学期期末考试我不及格，只有那时我才意识到学习的重要性。重 点 句 型to land on the moon did I realize the importance of 3. The time when...
The time___________________________was a very difficult period of my life.
第一次见到纳尔逊·曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。
4．名词短语用作连词引导时间状语从句
He liked the dog____________________.
他第一次看到这条小狗，就喜欢上了它。when I first met Nelson Mandela the first time he saw it 定语从句(二)(以关系副词when, where, why以及“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句)
用when, where, why填空
1．That was the period ________ we worked together.
2．What is the name of the place ________ we stayed yesterday?
3．I don't know the reason ________ he left.重 点 语 法when where why
用“介词＋which/whom”结构填空
4．Light is the fastest thing all over the world, the speed ________ is 300,000 kilometres per second.
5．This is the reason ________ he cried.
6．Please tell me the way ________ you did the job.
7．Is that the boy ________ you handed that letter?
8．Do you know the person __________ we learned the news?of which for which in which to whom from whom 写一篇题为Paul Robeson的短文，词数100左右。
提示：
1．Paul Robeson出生于美国一个贫苦的黑人家庭，12岁开始做工，先在农场干活，后在工厂做工。
2．Paul Robeson喜爱音乐，每天得做重活，但只要有时间就练习唱歌。他有一副好嗓子，不久他成为一名著名的歌唱家，为自己的民族歌唱，为自由歌唱。
3．全世界都知道他的名字，深受青年人的喜爱。思路点拨：
这是一篇写人的记叙文。在写作时要注意抓住其时间、地点、主要事迹、人们的评论等进行叙述。文章一般分为三个部分：第一部分陈述其出生的时间、地点和家庭背景等；第二部分列举其主要的经历、事迹和成就等；第三部分列举人们对他的评论或发表个人的感受或评论等。常见表达如下：
1.文体：写人的记叙文。
2.时态：主要时态用一般过去时，评价用一般现在时。
3.人称：第三人称。参考词汇：
1.出生于贫苦的黑人家庭：be born in a poor black family
2.在农场干活：work on a farm
3.喜爱音乐：be fond of/love music
4.每天做重活：do heavy work every day
5.练习唱歌：practise singing songs
6.有一副好嗓子：have a wonderful voice
7.为自己的民族/自由歌唱：to sing for his own people/for freedom__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________参考答案：
Paul Robeson
Paul Robeson was born in a poor black family in the United States. He began to work at the age of twelve. He first worked on a farm, then in a factory.
Paul Robeson was very fond of music. Although he had to do heavy work every day, he practised singing whenever he was free. He had a wonderful voice. Soon he became a famous singer. He sang for his own people and for freedom.
His name is known to the whole world and he is loved by the young people.Ⅰ.根据汉语或首字母提示，用本单元所学的单词完成下列句子
1．The town was ________(建立)by French settlers in 1869.
2．Mary is very a ________ and she likes to take part in all kinds of activities.
3．He won the election because he got most v________.
4．The murderer was s________ to prison for he killed his girlfriend.
5．She was a well e________ woman，who would never say those dirty words.
6．This is a matter of________(原则), so you must take it seriously.
7．The blind man b________ for a living.
8．—How many metres is e________ to a kilometre?
—One thousand metres.
答案：1.founded 2.active 3.votes 4.sentenced 5.educated 6.principle 7.begged 8.equalⅡ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1．___________________(过去的三十年见证了)
great changes that have taken place in China.
2．I will give you a present in __________________
(报答你的帮助)．
3．Winter is the season of year __________________
(昼短夜长的季节)．
4．Jane ______________________(吹灭生日蜡烛)
and made a wish for herself.5．Courage is one of __________________________
(优秀士兵的品质)．
答案：1.The last/past thirty years has seen
2．reward for your help
3．when/in which the day is short and the night is long
4．blew the birthday candles out
5．the qualities of a good soldier3．You can't ______________ in face of any difficulty.
4．Boys and girls，let's do our best to help those __________.
5．It is reported that the new president will ________next month.
6．It's said that a new factory will ________ in my hometown.
7．The murderer will ________ for killing a few young girls in a college.
8．The thief will __________ for stealing quite a few expensive cars.
答案：1.turn to 2.out of work 3.lose heart 4.in trouble
5．come to power 6.be set up 7.be sentenced to death
8．be put in prison
Ⅳ.单项填空
1．At that time ________ I saw him, he was quite young.
A．that B．/
C．where D．when
答案：D 考查定语从句。题干中出现了两个句子，又因为有time出现，故使用when引导定语从句，he was quite young为主句。
2．I used to dig the garden every week, but I ________ when the rain washed all the plants away.
A．lost my heart B．lost the heart
C．lost heart D．lost a heart
答案：C 考查短语搭配。句意：过去我每周都去花园翻地，但是当所有的植物都被雨冲走了以后我泄气了。lose heart“灰心”。
3．As there was no one she could ________， she felt very helpless.
A．turn to B．turn on
C．turn off D．turn over
答案：A 考查动词短语辨析。turn to sb意为“求助于”，此处she could turn to作定语从句，引导从句的关系代词whom省略了。turn on“打开”；turn off“关掉”；turn over“翻转”。
4．The National Education Department says again school safety has set off alarm bells with frequent serious accidents ________ students got injured or even killed.
A．that B．when
C．in which D．from where
答案：C 考查定语从句。句中的先行词是accidents，在从句中充当地点状语，所以用where或in which引导，故选C项。5．—I'm afraid I have to leave for London the day after tomorrow.
—________.
A．I'm afraid not
B．Have a good journey
C．Please do
D．You'd better stay a little longer
答案：B 考查交际用语。I'm afraid I have to leave...的重点在“离开”上，故回答用Have a good journey.此处I'm afraid并非表示“害怕”，而是用它来婉转地提出“离开”。
6．Many soldiers are fighting ________ the local people ________ the natural disaster in the south.
A．with；against B．with；for
C．for；against D．for；for
答案：A 考查动词短语辨析。fight with“与……并肩战斗”；fight against“抗击……，与……斗争”。
7．When the new president ________ at the beginning of the year, the government faced a lot of difficulty.
A．came up B．came to power
C．worried about D．set up
答案：B 句意：当新总统在年初上任时，政府面临着很多困难。come to power“执政，掌权”。
8．As we all know, the police aren't allowed to ________ any reward.
A．receive B．accept
C．send D．vote
答案：B accept the(any)reward意为“收酬金”。
9．I think everyone should be kind to others for kindness is a human ________ which everyone admires.
A．opinion B．quality
C．activity D．courage
答案：B 考查名词辨析。这里指“善良是每个人都敬佩的品质”。quality“品质”；opinion“观点”；activity“活动”；courage“勇气”。
10．Only when he went abroad ________ the importance of learning foreign languages.
A．he realized B．did he realize
C．he realize D．realized he
答案：B 考查倒装结构。only后接时间状语提到句首，主句要用部分倒装结构，故选B。Thank you!
