课件70张PPT。Period 1
Warming Up，Pre-reading & ReadingUnit 5 Nelson Mandela
—a modern hero quality generous devote devoted principle lawyer 吝啬的 自私的 卑鄙的 积极的 活跃的 自我 自身 自私的 无私的 忘我的 忘我的 忘我地 建立 建设 和平的 安宁的 平静的 Ⅱ.短语天地
1．devote oneself _______献身于
2．believe _______信任
3．be mean _______对……吝啬
4．be ______trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等处境中to in toin 5．fight________反抗
6．________a peaceful way用一种和平的方式
7．advise sb________sth在某方面为某人提供建议
8．be worried________担心
9．be________of work 失业
10．________the law 违法against in on about out break Ⅲ.句型搜索
1．________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(过去的三十年见证了)the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，…
【答案】The last thirty years have seen
2．________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (只有在那时我们才决定)to answer violence with violence.
【答案】Only then did we decide3．It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(我曾向他咨询过)．
【答案】to whom I went for adviceⅣ.预读理解
完成句子
1．This text is mainly about________________.
【答案】Elias's description of his contact to Mr.Mandela
2．Elias had to leave school when he was quite young，because______________________.
【答案】His family was too poor to pay the money needed for his study3．People without a passbook may___________________.
【答案】not be allowed to live in Johannesburg, be out of work and be those who were not born there
4．From Mr. Mandela's saying，we can get such a conclusion that ________.
【答案】Black people should rise up to fight for their own rights after years of being ruled.Ⅴ.课文缩写
Elias began school at six. The school 1.______ he studied for only two years was three kilometers away. His family was 2.______ poor that he had to leave school. Then he got a job in 3.______ gold mine. This was a time 4.______ one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. He didn't get 5.______， so he was afraid he would be out of work. 6.______ (luck) for Elias, in 1952 when he was twelve years old, he 7.______ (meet) Nelson Mandela, who told him how to get the correct papers. Later, Elias helped Nelson to blow 8.______ some government buildings. It was dangerous, 9.______ he was happy because he knew it was to achieve their dream of making black and white people 10.______(equality)．
【答案】1.where 2.so 3.a 4.when 5.one
6．Luckily 7.met 8.up 9.but 10.equal1．quality n.
(1)[U]质量，和quantity“数量”相对
We aim at quality rather than quantity.
我们追求质量而不是数量。
(2)[C](人的)品质；优点
He has many fine qualities.他有很多优点。单词扫描 (3)[U]特点；性质
One quality of wood is that it can burn.
木头的特点之一就是能燃烧。
【归纳拓展】
quantity n．数量
quality goods 精品
poor quality 劣质
high quality 优质用上述知识完成下列句子
①The goods are of good________.
【答案】quality
②For study，________is more important than________.
【答案】quality；quantity
【解释】本句句意为“就学习而言，质要比量重要”。quantity意为“量；数量”。即学即用2．mean adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的
It's no use asking him for any money—he's much too mean.向他要钱是没有用的——他太吝啬了。
【归纳拓展】
(1)mean vt. 表示……的意思；意指
What does this word mean?
这个单词是什么意思？(2)mean to do sth打算去做某事
I'm sure she didn't mean to upset you.
我可以肯定她并不是有意让你伤心的。
(3)mean doing sth 意味着做某事
In some parts of London，missing a bus means waiting for another hour.在伦敦的一些地方，错过一辆公交车意味着再等一个小时。英汉互译
①What do you mean by saying that?
【答案】你那样说是什么意思？
②她很小气，不肯捐款。(too…to…，donation)
【答案】She's too mean to make a donation.即学即用3．active adj. 积极的；能起作用的；现行的；活动的；活跃的；活性的；[语法]主动的
He is an active member of the club.
他是俱乐部中的积极分子。
【常用搭配】
be active in 在……(方面)积极
take an active part in 积极参加【归纳拓展】
activist n. 活跃分子
activity n．活力，活动
actively adv. 积极地，活跃地4．found vt.建立(组织、机关、团体)；打基础
经常构成搭配有：found a city/party/university/theory等。
The college was founded in 1872.
这所大学建于1872年。完成句子
①Our school________________in 1953.
【答案】was founded
②He laid ________________________ his success by study and hard work.
【答案】the foundation of即学即用5．vote
(1)vt. & vi. 投票；选举
Most of them voted for the measure.
他们中的大多数投票赞成那项措施。
In those days women couldn't vote.
那时女人不能参加选举。
(2)n. 投票(权)；选票；表决
He doesn't have the vote.他没有投票权。【归纳拓展】
vote against 投票反对
vote for 投票赞成
vote on就……投票
take a vote 进行表决完成句子
①They should have the right________.
【答案】to vote
【解释】动词不定式to vote作定语。句意：“他们应该有选举的权利”。
②As we can't reach an agreement on this matter，let's vote ________it.
【答案】on
【解释】vote on“就……投票”，符合句意。即学即用6．equal
(1)adj.平等的；相同的
In that company everyone has an equal opportunity.
在那家公司人人机会相等。
(2)be equal to与……相等，等于；能胜任
I'm sure Tom is quite equal to the task.
我相信汤姆非常胜任这项任务。
(3)v.等于；比得上
Two and two equals four.二加二等于四。
【归纳拓展】
equality n．[U]平等完成句子
①He is not________to the position and we'd better get somebody else to do it.
【答案】equal
【解释】“胜任”可表示为be fit for或be equal to。句意：“他不能胜任这个职位，我们最好找其他人来担任”。即学即用②Nothing can________aeroplanes in speed and comfort.
【答案】equal
【解释】equal用作及物动词，意为“比得上，敌得过”，句意：“在速度和舒适性方面，没有什么能比得上飞机”。也可用match。1．out of work(＝out of a job)失业
He has been out of work for a year and now he's looking for a new one.
他已经失业一年了，现在正在找一个新的工作。
【归纳拓展】
out of a job失业
out of business破产；歇业
out of control失控
out of repair失修短语释义 out of order有毛病
out of date过时
out of one's reach够不着
out of danger 脱险
out of question毫无疑问
out of the question不可能的out of touch with sb与某人失去联系
out of breath气喘吁吁
out of patience失去耐心
out of temper发脾气
out of mind心不在焉用适当的介词完成句子
①You can't find him in the office，for he is ________work today.Maybe he is at home.
【答案】off
②—Have you told John the new plan?
—No.I phoned him ________work but he wasn't in.
【答案】at
【解释】“在上班(时)”。即学即用2．as a matter of fact 事实上(实际上，作插入语，单独使用)
As a matter of fact，I don't like to be praised in public.事实上，我不喜欢被当众表扬。
【归纳拓展】
意为“事实上”的词和短语还有：
in fact in actual fact in reality practically
actually in practice用上述知识完成句子
—I didn't intend to join Tom in attending the coming sports meet.
—Really？________，Tom is eager to do so.
【答案】As a matter of fact
【解释】根据第二句句意：“真的吗？事实上，汤姆在一直盼望你加入呢。”即学即用3．in trouble 处于不幸、苦恼、困境中；有麻烦
His friends will help him when he is in trouble.
当他遇到麻烦事时，他的朋友会帮助他。
【归纳拓展】
in trouble 处于不幸中，在监禁中
ask for trouble 自寻烦恼
get into trouble 遇到麻烦，出事
have trouble in doing sth做某事有困难
make trouble制造麻烦用上述知识完成句子
The naughty boy is always________trouble，but now he is really________trouble.
【答案】making；in
【解释】句意：那个淘气的男孩总是制造乱子，不过，这次他真的遇到麻烦了。即学即用4．fight for 为……而斗争/奋斗
They are fighting for freedom.他们正为自由而战。
【归纳拓展】
fight back 还击
fight with同……(并肩)战斗
fight against 为反对……而斗争；与……作斗争用适当的介词完成句子
①The Chinese people will fight________the people of the world________terrorism________the world's peace.
【答案】with；against；for
【解释】句意：为了世界和平，中国人民将和全世界人民一起为反对恐怖主义而斗争。即学即用②The brave soldiers made up their minds to die for their country in the fight________the enemy.
【答案】against
【解释】fight against“与……战斗”。5．turn to sb/sth向……求助；转向……
turn to(to为副词)开始工作，干起来
She had no one to turn to for advice.
她没有一个人可与之征求建议。
Let's all turn to，and get the work finished before dark.
我们大家加把劲，天黑前把活干完。【归纳拓展】
turn over翻身，移交
turn down 拒绝；关小，调低
turn in 上交；转身进入
turn off 关掉，关上
turn on打开
turn out 结果是，证明是，原来是
turn up 出现；把(音量)调高
turn…upside down把……完全颠倒用turn to，turn out，turn over，turn down填空
①Why did she________your invitation?
【答案】turn down
②She has nobody she can________.
【答案】turn to
③If you ________you might find it easier to get to sleep.
【答案】turn over
④Despite our worries everything ________well.
【答案】turned out即学即用6．be put in prison 被送进监狱
be put in prison 意为“被送进监狱”，其主动式为“put…in prison”。
His son was put in prison because of robbery.
他的儿子由于抢劫而被关进监狱。【归纳拓展】
break out of prison 越狱
go to prison 入狱
send sb to prison 将某人关入监狱
cast/throw sb into prison 将某人投入监狱
be in prison 被监禁；在狱中用所给词的适当形式填空
He ________in prison for five years and you may see him at home next year.(be)
【答案】has been即学即用1．The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.近三十年来，通过了大量的法律来限制我们的权利和进步，直到今天我们几乎没有任何权利了。
本句中以“The last thirty years”作主语，以动词see作谓语，这是一种拟人化的句式。句式突破 拟人(personification)的修辞方法是把人类的特点、特性加于事物之上，使之人格化。
My only worry was that January would find me hunting for a job again.
我唯一担心的是，到了一月份我又得去找工作了。【归纳拓展】
英语里常把“年”“月”“日”人格化，赋以生命，使人们读起来亲切生动。
The following years saw her act in many plays.
随后几年，她在许多戏剧中扮演角色。用所给词的适当形式完成句子
①The October,2008________another successful launch of the manned spaceship in China.(see)
【答案】saw
【解释】由句中表示时间的名词可知此处应用一般过去时。即学即用②When you drive along this street，you should be careful，for the street corner has________many car accidents.(see)
【答案】seen
【解释】see在此意为“见证，目睹”。2．…we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important，or fight the government.……我们被置于这样一个境地：要么被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。
in which we had either to accept we were less important，or fight the government 是一个由“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词position。in which 相当于where。当先行词是stage，situation，point，case等时，常用where或“介词＋which”来引导定语从句。…until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
You know my position in which I can't help either side.你知道我处于双方都不能帮忙的境地。用上述知识完成下列句子
①Can you create a situation________we use the expression “Long time no see.”？
【答案】in which
【解释】由句子结构可知situation后面跟了一个定语从句。in which在此相当于where。句意：你能创造一个我们使用“好久不见了”这一习惯表达的语境吗？即学即用②Miss Green took up the story at the point________the thief had just stolen the jewels.
【答案】where
【解释】where引导定语从句，并且在从句中作地点状语，相当于at which。③Today，we'll discuss a number of cases ________beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
【答案】where
【解释】本题考查定语从句。定语从句中有些特例，那就是case，point，situation等词作定语从句的先行词，若定语从句缺状语，则用where引导。此处先行词为cases，后面的定语从句中缺少状语。3．…only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.……只有在那时，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
这是一个倒装句。该句中的only then提到句首，引起了该句的部分倒装。原句应是：We decided to answer violence with violence only then.only修饰的时间状语和条件、方式状语，为了强调，提到句首时，该句要用部分倒装形式。把原句中的情态动词、系动词或助动词提到主语前面。否定副词never，nor，not，hardly，little，seldom，rarely等置于句首时，也需部分倒装。
Only in this way can we learn English well.
只有用这种方式我们才能学好英语。
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.被邀请了三次之后，他才来参加会议。【温馨提示】
(1)如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。
Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in hospital.只有当他病情严重时他才住院。
(2)only修饰主语时，不用倒装。
Only you can persuade her not to smoke.
只有你才能劝服她不吸烟。完成句子
只有在那时她才意识到已造成多大的损失。
Only then________how much damage had been caused.
【答案】did she realize
【解释】“only＋介词短语/状语从句/副词”这一结构置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。此外，由then可确定用过去时态。即学即用Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It was________(慷慨的)of him to pay for us both.
2．All the people are born________(平等的)so they should share the same rights.
3．All these goods are of high________(质量)and they sell quite well.
4．We learned the________(原则，原理)of equality when we were very young.5．His grandma is a well________(受教育的)woman.
6．The f________ in the school are so high that only rich children can afford to study there.
7．Just work hard，and your hard work will surely be r______.
8．Films that are full of v________ are not good for young kids.That is to say，too many violent scenes have negative effect on children.9．Your teacher can give you g________ on choosing a career and writing a job application.
10．If you're w________ to fly at night，you can get a much cheaper ticket.
【答案】1.generous 2.equal 3.quality 4.principle
5．educated 6.fees 7.rewarded 8.violence
9．guidance 10.willingⅡ.短语填空
devote…to；as a matter of fact；in trouble；turn to；put in prison；blow up；fight against；out of work
1．Robert ____________________________for stealing.
【答案】was put in prison
2．It's not my fault.The TV set________when I turned it on.
【答案】blew up3．Norman Bethune________the German Nazis and Japanese invaders during World War Ⅱ.
【答案】fought against
4．If I don't get this finished in time，I'll be_________________________________.
【答案】in trouble
5．Our laughter________horror as we realized that Jody was really hurt.
【答案】turned to6．—Have you always lived here?
—________，I've only lived here for the last three years.
【答案】As a matter of fact
7．He's decided to give up racing and________all his time________ his farm in Ireland.
【答案】devote；to
8．New jobs are needed because a number of people_____________________________.
【答案】are out of workⅢ.句型转换
1．A.In fact I do mind your using my notebook computer.
B．________ ________ ________ ________ ________，I do mind your using my notebook computer.
【答案】As a matter of fact
2．A.He lost his job three months ago.
B．He has been ________ ________ ________ for three months.
【答案】out of work3．A.Miss Lee is a warm-hearted woman and she is always ready to help others.
B．Miss Lee is a warm-hearted woman and she is always ________ ________ help others.
【答案】willing to
4．A.Do you remember the days when I stayed with you in the USA?
B．Do you remember the days ________ ________I stayed with you in the USA?
【答案】in which5．A.The reason why he didn't come to school was that he was ill.
B．The reason ________ ________ he didn't come to school was that he was ill.
【答案】for whichⅣ.根据括号内的提示，把下列句子翻译成英语
1．因为她没有人可以求助，所以开始哭起来。(turn to)
【答案】Because she had nobody she could turn to，she began to cry.
2．只有到那时她才意识到她所承受的压力。(only＋倒装语序)
【答案】Only then did she realize the stress she was under.3．我们快接近几乎难以一起外出的地步了。(stage)
【答案】We're getting to the stage where we can hardly go out together.
4．我劝他应该马上去。(advise)
【答案】I advised him that he (should) go at once.
5．他总是乐于帮助有麻烦的人。(be willing to do，in trouble)
【答案】He is always willing to help anyone who is in trouble.Thank you!课件56张PPT。Period 2 Learning about
Language & Using LanguageUnit 5 Nelson Mandela
—a modern hero escape educate educated education beg terror reward opinion 毯子 亲戚 亲属 残忍 残酷 总统 会长 校长 行长 Ⅱ.短语天地
1．come ________ power 上台；当权
2．beg________乞讨
3．take…________领……参观
4．set________建立；设立
5．be sentenced________…被判处……(徒刑)
6．________one's opinion 从某人的观点来看
7．stop sb ________doing sth 阻止某人做某事
8．________ ________丧失信心to for around up to in from lose heart Ⅲ.句型搜索
1．He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(我们本该睡觉的时候)．
【答案】when we should have been asleep
2．They were not cleverer than me，________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(但他们确实通过了考试)．
【答案】but they did pass their exams3．All the terror and fear of that time ________ ________ ________ ________ (所有恐惧和害怕的时刻都涌回我的心头)．
【答案】came back to meⅣ.预读理解
回答下列问题
1．How long had Elias stayed in prison?
___________________________________________.
【答案】Four years
2．How long had Elias been out of work before 1993?
___________________________________________.
【答案】20 years.1．escape
(1)vt.(接名词或动词-ing)逃避；逃脱；避免
You shouldn't escape doing the work.
你不应逃避这项工作。
(2)vi.逃跑；避免；逃脱；漏出
Luckily，he was able to escape from the burning building.
幸运的是，他从失火的建筑物中逃出。单词扫描 用所给词的适当形式填空
In order to escape________，the thief hid himself among the trees.(kill)
【答案】being killed
【解释】考查escape的用法。escape doing sth.“逃避做某事”。即学即用2．beg vi.(begged，begged)请求；乞求
(1)beg sb to do sth乞求(某人)做某事
He begged me to stay.
他请求我留下。
(2)beg sb for sth向某人要某东西
He begged for money from the people in the street.
他向路人讨钱。
(3)I beg your pardon.(因为自己的过失)请原谅；(读升调)请再说一遍。
—Please read the text.请读课文。
—I beg your pardon.请再说一遍。完成句子
①那些孩子要求和我们一起来。
The children ________________________ with us.
【答案】begged to come
②她恳求、取悦他们直到最后他们同意了。
She ________and pleased them until they finally agreed.
【答案】begged
③她跑到最近的人家去请求帮助。
She ran to the nearest house and ___________________.
【答案】begged for help即学即用3．reward
(1)n.[C，U]报酬，奖励
A ￡1,000 reward has been offered for the return of the stolen painting.
悬赏1 000英镑寻找失窃的画。
(2)vt.奖励，奖赏
They rewarded the winners with fruits and flowers.
他们奖给获胜者水果和鲜花。【常用搭配】
in reward 作为回报
reward for sb/sth 对某人/某事的报酬
reward sb with sth用某物酬谢某人
reward sb for sth因某事而奖赏某人
【词句辨析】 reward/prize
(1)reward 一般指通过做某事获得的回报或者报酬，可以是钱，也可以是物品或精神鼓励。
(2)prize指在比赛中获得的奖项。完成句子
①作为回报，我将给你一个礼物。
________________，I will give you a gift.
【答案】In reward
②已悬赏200美元寻找项链。
________________ has been offered for the return of the necklace.
【答案】A reward of $200即学即用③因为她的工作，她得到了丰厚的奖赏。
She was generously rewarded _______________________.
【答案】for her work
④她开始给孩子唱歌，孩子则报以微笑。
She started singing to the baby and _________________with a smile.
【答案】was rewarded4．opinion n. 意见；看法；主张
The world is not run by thought，nor by imagination，but by opinion.世界不是依思想和想象而运行，而是因信念而生生不息。
All of us have a good/high opinion of his deed.
我们都对他的行为评价很高。【词句辨析】 opinion/view
(1)opinion 普通用词，使用广泛。多指初步的或缺证据支持而不十分肯定的意见或看法。
In my opinion，he is a good student.
在我看来，他是一个好学生。(2)view侧重指个人对较广泛或重大问题所持的看法，常用复数形式。
My view is that freedom of speech means that you shall not do something to people either for the views they have or the views they express.
我认为言论自由的含义是对人民所拥有的观点或他们所表达的观点，你都不应任加改变。5．sentence
(1)vt. 判决，宣判
The man was sentenced to three years in prison.
那个男人被判入狱三年。
(2)n.判决；句子
The judge passed sentence.
法官宣布了判决。
The structure of the sentence is strange.
这个句子的结构很奇怪。【常用搭配】
sentence sb to death 判处……死刑
be sentenced to 被判处……(徒刑)用所给词的适当搭配完成句子
He ________ to death because of what he has stolen from the bank.(sentence)
【答案】was sentenced
【解释】句意：他因为从银行偷窃而被判死刑。即学即用1．lose heart 丧失勇气或信心
【归纳拓展】
lose heart＝be discouraged 丧失勇气或信心；灰心
lose one's heart to 倾心于，爱上(某人)
give heart to sb 鼓励某人
heart and soul 全心全意地
put one's heart into 一心扑在……上短语释义 They lost heart，crying bitterly.But soon they took heart when they heard that people were coming to their rescue.
他们丧失了信心，痛苦地哭着。但很快，当他们听说人们就要来救援他们时，他们都振作起来了。翻译句子
①别灰心，一切都会好的。
【答案】Don't lose heart.Everything will be all right.
②Do you easily lose heart when you're in trouble?
【答案】当你身陷困境时你容易丧失信心吗？即学即用2．come to power 当权；上台
该短语相当于come into power，类似的说法还有：take power 掌权，执政；take office 就职。
When did this government come to power?
这届政府何时上台执政的？【归纳拓展】
beyond one's power＝out of one's power
(某人)力所不能及的
within one's power (某人)力所能及的
have the power to do sth有做某事的本领
It is beyond my power to understand how the computer works.我不懂电脑的工作原理。【词句辨析】 power/strength/energy
power，strength和energy都含“力”的意思。但是其区别在于：
(1)strength指“体力”“力量”“强度”。
He is a man of great strength.他是个大力士。
(2)power指“能力”“权力”，着重指“行动所根据的能力或职权”。
It‘s beyond my power.它超出了我的职权。
(3)energy原是物理学上的术语“能量”，用于人时则指“精力”。
He worked with great energy.他工作时精力充沛。用上述知识完成句子
When Hitler________，Einstein，found it hard for him to remain in his country and was forced to leave.
【答案】came to power即学即用3．set up
(1)设立，建立(指建立组织、机构等)
They decided to set up a fund for this purpose.
为这个目的，他们决定建立一个基金会。
(2)还可表示“竖起来，立起来，支起来；装配；自称；使振作”等意思。其近义词组有put up意为“修建，搭起，建立，举起”，但不能表示组织、机构的建立。
They set up a tent for the night near the mountain village.他们在那个山村附近搭起了帐篷过夜。
The boy decided to set up a new machine.
这个男孩打算组装一台新机器。【归纳拓展】
set about(doing) 着手，开始做
set an example to sb为某人树立榜样
set free 释放，使获得自由
set fire to(＝set…on fire)放火烧
set aside 把……放在一边；存储
set out to do sth开始干……；着手干……
set out/off for动身去某地
set off引爆，使……爆炸；动身完成句子
①They want to________________(创办)their own import-export business.
【答案】set up
②We need to ________________ (建立应急程序)to deal with this sort of problem.
【答案】set up emergency procedures
③The army has __________ (设置路障)round the city.
【答案】set up road blocks即学即用4．stop sb(from) doing sth阻止某人干某事
stop doing 停止做某事(doing 作宾语)
stop to do停下来去做某事(to do表示停下来的目的，作状语)
We stopped talking.我们停止说话。
We stopped to talk.我们停下来去说话。That's the best way to prevent such a thing(from) happening again.
那是阻止此事再次发生的最好方法。
Who prevents their plans(from) being carried out?
是谁妨碍了他们计划的实施？
【归纳拓展】
prevent sb/sth(from) doing阻止……做……
keep sb/sth from doing用所给词的适当形式填空
Pollution must be stopped________the environment.(protect)
【答案】to protect
【解释】根据句意：to protect在句中作目的状语，而不应是“阻止保护……”。即学即用1．He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。
“should(ought to)＋have done”表示“过去本该做某事而没做”。其否定形式“shouldn't(oughtn't to)＋have done”表示“过去做了不该做的事”。句式突破 You should (ought to)have come here earlier.
你应该早些到这儿。(言下之意是You are late.)
You shouldn't(oughtn't to) have beaten the boy.
你本不该动手打这个小孩。(言下之意是You beat him.)用上述知识完成句子
—My cat's really fat.
—You________have given her so much food.
【答案】shouldn't
【解释】本题考查情态动词。句意：“我的猫真胖。”“你本不应该给她那么多食物。”shouldn't have done sth.本不应该做某事(暗含做了)。即学即用2．The reason why I got a job was because of my hard work.我得到工作是因为我工作努力。
在The reason why…is/was…中，why引导定语从句。此外，is/was后往往接that引导的表语从句。
The reason why she did it was that she didn't want to make her parents feel disappointed.
她做那件事是因为她不想让父母失望。用上述知识完成句子
①Is there any reason________you should go away?
【答案】why
【解释】reason作先行词，why引导定语从句修饰先行词reason。
②The reason________they held a party was________it was Sue's birthday.
【答案】why；that
【解释】why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。即学即用3．As they were not cleverer than me，but did pass their exams，I knew I could get a degree too.由于他们不如我聪明而又确实通过了考试，我知道我也能获得学位。
本句是一个比较复杂的主从复合句，as引导并列分句，表示原因，I could…是省略that的宾语从句。
did pass为强调结构，强调谓语动词时，在动词原形前加do，does或did，可译为“确实，的确”。
Do be careful！千万要小心！I do hope you have a merry Christmas!
衷心祝福你圣诞节快乐！
He does speak English well.
他英语确实讲得很好。
He did read the letter just now.
他刚才的确读过那封信。
【温馨提示】
do的这种用法只用于肯定句和祈使句，且只有现在时和过去时两种时态。用所给词的适当形式填空
An awful accident________，however, occur the other day.(do)
【答案】did
【解释】全句意为“不过，前几天的确发生了一起可怕的事故”。副词however隔开了did与occur，增强了试题难度。即学即用Ⅰ.根据句子意思和所给首字母提示，写出单词的正确形式
1．In 1894 the International Olympic Committee was f________ in Paris，France.
2．It makes me very angry to see such c______.
3．The girl refused to accept the r______ for returning the lost money to that man.4．The f______ in this school are so high that only those children whose parents are rich can study there.
5．This article mainly talked about the bad effects of family v______on children.
6．Don't worry about our broken-down car；that man says he is w______ to help us.
7．Bats are a type of animal that is a______ at night.8．Since he doesn't have a house of his o______，John has to rent one.
9．The kindergarten teacher is d______ to the children.
10．There were 16 v______ in favor of my suggestion and 15 against.
【答案】1.founded 2.cruelty 3.reward 4.fees 5.violence 6.willing 7.active 8.own 9.devoted 10.votesⅡ.根据英语释意写出单词或短语，并用其正确形式完成A～E 5个句子
1．a violent attempt to hurt the enemy using weapons________
【答案】attack
2．to teach somebody over a period of time at a school，university，etc.________
【答案】educate3．the same in size, amount, value, number, etc. ________
【答案】equal
4．get free；get away from________
【答案】escape
5．go to somebody for help，advice，etc.________
【答案】turn to
A．We should pay ________ attention to both our physical and psychological(心理上的)health.
【答案】equalB．We should be well prepared；the enemy is going to________our airport tonight.
【答案】attack
C．All the employees in this company have been well________.
【答案】educatedD．Five prisoners have________through a tunnel that they dug during the night.
【答案】escaped
E．I usually________this dictionary when I come across new words.
【答案】turn toⅢ.选择合适的单词或词组，并用其适当形式填空
1．After Nelson Mandela________，his government tried to improve the education for the black people.
【答案】came to power2．The quantity of the food we have is large but it is not of good________.
【答案】quality
3．Never________no matter how many times you have failed.
【答案】lose heart
4．She never stands aside when others are ________.
【答案】in trouble
5．Imagine what you can do if you are ________some day.
【答案】out of workⅣ.根据括号内的提示或要求完成下列句子
1．This morning I ate two hamburgers.(强调句型)
→__________this morning __________.
【答案】It was；that I ate two hamburgers
2．He is my good friend.His father works in our school.(合并为一句)
→He is my good friend____________.
【答案】whose father works in our school3．This is the place__________(他参军的地方)．
【答案】where he joined the army
4．We can catch the earliest bus if we get up at 6：00.(倒装)
【答案】Only if we get up at 6：00 can we catch the earliest bus.Ⅴ.汉译英
1．接下来的十年中国仍然会发生一系列的变化。(see，a series of)
【答案】The next ten years will also see a series of changes in China.
2．这家工厂建于1929年，它主要生产大型机器。(set up，定语从句)
【答案】This factory that/which mainly produces large machines was set up in 1929.3．似乎有人正在房间里唱歌。(as if)
【答案】It sounds as if someone is singing in the room.
4．在他看来，举行这样的婚礼简直就是一种浪费。(in one's opinion)
【答案】In his opinion，holding such a wedding is quite a waste.
5．当10天过去后仍然没有见到救援人员到来时，他们灰心了。(lose heart)
【答案】They lost heart when they saw no rescuers come after ten days had passed.Thank you!课件42张PPT。Period 3 GrammarUnit 5 Nelson Mandela
—a modern hero 定语从句中关系副词与“介词＋关系代词”的用法
Ⅰ.关系副词when，where，why的使用
引导定语从句的词，除关系代词外，还有关系副词when，where，why。定语从句(Ⅱ)● when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词一般为表示时间的名词。
October 1st,1949 was the day when the People's Republic of China was founded.
1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。
● where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词一般为表示地点的名词。
Is there a shop around where we can get fruit?
附近有没有我们能买到水果的地方？● why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般为reason。
The reason why she told a lie is unknown.
她为什么撒谎还不清楚。Ⅱ.“介词＋关系代词”的用法
1．用法
关系代词whom，which在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在主句和从句之间；为了使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。
This is the room in which we lived last year.＝This is the room which we lived in last year.2．注意事项
定语从句中“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词是which(指物)，whom(指人)。掌握这个结构的关键在于对介词的正确选择，要注意以下几个问题：
(1)介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配。
This is the room in which we lived last year.＝This is the room which we lived in last year.
这就是我们去年住过的房间。(2)介词与定语从句中的形容词一起构成一种习惯性搭配。
The two things about which Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.＝The two things which Marx was not sure about were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
马克思在语法和英语的某些习惯用语这两方面还是没有把握。(3)介词和定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配。
The pen with which he was writing broke.＝The pen which he was writing with broke.
他写字用的那支钢笔坏了。
(4)表示“整体中的部分”或“所有关系”时，用介词of。
He has three uncles，all of whom are doctors.
他有三个叔叔，他们全都是大夫。(5)“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词不能用that，但当把介词放在从句有关动词后面时，关系代词可用that，也可省略，尤其是在口语和非正式文体中。
The room(that/which) she lives in is a large one.
她住的是一个大房间。
(6)含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面，因此不能使用“介词＋关系代词”结构。
Is this the watch which he was looking for？(不能说：Is this the watch for which he was looking？)
这是他正在找的那块手表吗？3．关系副词与“介词＋关系代词”的转化
when＝at/in/during＋which；
where＝in/at＋which；
why＝for which
● This was a time when(＝during which)there were still slaves in the USA.
那是一个美国还存在奴隶的时代。● Is this the house where(＝in which) he was born?
这就是他出生时的那所房子吗？
● I don't know the reason why(＝for_which)he said that.我不明白他说那事的原因。4．关系代词as引导的定语从句
as用作关系代词，既可单独引出定语从句，又可与主句中的the same或such相呼应，从句中的谓语动词常省略。
We do the same work as they(do)．
我们和他们干同样的活。5．as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
关系代词which和as都能引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代整个句子，但也有不同之处。
(1)as引导的定语从句既可放在主句前，也可放在主句后，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。
(2)as很多时候意为“正如……”，从句的谓语动词多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report，announce等，而which往往意为“这一点”。As is known to all，Taiwan is part of China.
众所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。
He turned out to be very successful，which was more than we could expect.
他最后非常成功，这一点超出了我们的预料。Ⅰ.把下列每对句子合并成含有关系副词的定语从句
1．The days are gone.During those days we used“foreign oil”．
【答案】The days when we used “foreign oil” are gone.
2．I still remember the day.On that day the old scientist took us to the physics lab for the first time.
【答案】I still remember the day when the old scientist took us to the physics lab for the first time.即学即用3．This is the village.My father worked there three years ago.
【答案】This is the village where my father worked three years ago.
4．Li Fang lives in that street.Do you know the street?
【答案】Do you know the street where Li Fang lives?
5．The reason is unknown.She was late for school for the reason.
【答案】The reason why she was late for school is unknown.Ⅱ.用合适的介词和关系代词填空
1．The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.
【答案】to whom
2．The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.
【答案】with which
3．Wu Dong，________ ________ I went to the concert，enjoyed it very much.
【答案】with whom4．Her bag，________ ________ she put all her books，has not been found.
【答案】in which
5．The stories about the Long March，________ ________ this is one example，are well written.
【答案】of whichⅢ.用关系代词、关系副词或“介词＋关系代词”完成下列句子
1．This is the place________my mother was born.
【答案】where/in which
2．The reason ________he changed the topic is quite clear.
【答案】for which/why
3．Is this the factory________you visited the other day?
【答案】that/which4．The wolves hid themselves in the place________couldn't be found.
【答案】that/which
5．You may call on me from one to five o'clock，during________ I am always at home.
【答案】whichⅠ.用who，which，whose，that，when，where，why填空
1．This was the best model of radio set________the factory made in 2001.
2．Do you know anyone________knows about the history of the pyramids?
3．We have visited the factory，________my grandfather once worked.4．We'll never forget the day________we traveled abroad.
5．This is the man________daughter is in my class.
6．He told me everything________he had seen in the accident.
7．I don't know the reason________she didn't agree to our study plan.
8．Yesterday I met Mr. Li________told me the whole matter.9．We are living in an age________many things are done by computer.
10．She heard a terrible noise，________brought her heart into her mouth.
【答案】1.that 2.who 3.where 4.when 5.whose
6．that 7.why 8.who 9.when 10.whichⅡ.句型转换
1．This is the place where Zhou Enlai once lived.
→This is the place________ ________ Zhou Enlai once lived.
【答案】in which
2．I have three brothers and one of them is a doctor.
→I have three brothers，________ ________ ________ is a doctor.
【答案】one of whom3．I know a woman journalist who calls herself Rose.
→I know a woman journalist________herself Rose.
【答案】calling
4．Out of breath we climbed the top of the mountain.From the top of the mountain，we could see a beautiful view.
→Out of breath we climbed the top of the mountain________ ________ we could see a beautiful view.
【答案】from which5．The book that is based on a true story in history is very popular.
→The book ________ ________ a true story in history is very popular.
【答案】based onⅢ.根据短文内容，用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
With the Internet，old friends can often find each other in seconds.There are websites 1.____list all the students in high schools and colleges in the U．S.People 2.____went to high schools can list themselves according to the school they went to and the year they graduated.A man can go to these websites to look for friends with 3.____ he plays football or a long-lost friend.Another way 4.____people can make connections with old classmates is through reunions.Some high school graduation classes meet every ten years.They usually have dinner，recall the times 5.____they were young，and exchange information about what they are doing today.Some classes have reunions in the schools 6.____they first met.Others have their reunions in nice restaurants.
【答案】1.that/which 2.that/who 3.whom 4.that
5．when 6.whereⅣ.完成句子
1．这就是他们上周末去的那个公园。
This is the park__________________last weekend.
【答案】where they went；(that/which) they visited
2．我们都想知道他不敢公开谈论那件事的原因。
We all wondered about the reason ____________.
【答案】why/for which he didn't dare to talk about the matter openly3．那个老人住的房子是邻居们帮忙盖的。
The house__________________was built with the help of the neighbours.
【答案】where/in which the old man lives
4．他半夜到家，当时正下着大雨。
He arrived at home at midnight，____________.
【答案】when/during which it was raining heavily
5．汤姆经常向那个女孩借英文小说。
She is the girl__________________English novels.
【答案】from whom Tom often borrows人物人品
课标解读
人物人品指本人、家人、邻居、同学、老师、朋友和其他人的情况介绍。包括姓名、年龄、生日、出生地、地址、电话号码、QQ号、电子邮箱、职业、品格、性格、习惯、毅力、责任、个性心理、意志品质、业绩或成就；所在学校、年级、班级，等等。球星影星、同时代的出现在各领域的名人(contemporary famous people)、科学家、领袖人物、历史人物(historical persons)及其趣闻轶事。
针对本话题，写作命题人员可能会从以下角度来命题：
基础写作： 自我介绍；名人简历；名人轶事；写竞选演讲稿；写求职书或应聘信；推荐信等。
读写任务：请就性格、习惯、毅力、责任、态度等发表看法； 你认为什么品质或态度等能带来成功及其理由；你认为怎样才能受人欢迎？ 从某人的失败或成功中，你学到了什么？ 一、必备短语
1. a five- year -old boy一个五岁的男孩
2. in my teens/twenties在我十/二十多岁时
3. be/come from a wealthy family出生于富裕人家
4. a 1.80-meter-tall boy 一个高1.8米的男孩
5. a boy with great ability 能干的男孩
7. be skilled/experienced in 在……方面熟练/有经验
8. be in good health/shape/condition 身体健康
9. get good grades获得好成绩
10. win a gold/silver/copper medal 获得金/银/铜牌二、相关句式
1．Some people show great interest in exotic holidays.
有些人对异国度假很感兴趣。
2．She put her heart and soul into the work.她全身心地投入到工作上。
3．I feel so lucky to be born in this family.出生在这个家庭我感到很幸运。4．He cares little about dress.他不太注重穿着。
5．I once won the first place in Guangzhou Singing and Dancing Contest and was given the title of Excellent Student Leader in Guangdong.我曾在广州歌舞比赛中获得第一名并荣获广州优秀学生干部的称号。
6．Great hopes make great man.伟大的抱负造就伟大的人物。三、语篇模板
以下是有关袁隆平教授的基本信息：参考词汇： 农业 agriculture 杂交水稻 hybrid rice
名利 money and fame
【写作内容】
请根据以上表格中的信息用英语写一篇短文介绍袁隆平教授。
【写作要求】
只能用5个句子表达全部内容。【范文】
Born in a poor family in Chongqing on September 7,1937, Yuan Longping studied hard, showing great interest in agriculture. As a matter of fact, since his graduation from university in 1953, Yuan has done research on rice for over half a century, devoting all his time and energy to the study of agriculture. Because of his research, China's rice production is increasing rapidly, solving the problem of the lack of food for many countries. As a result, he is honored as “Father of Hybrid Rice”. Though he is famous, he lives a simple life and cares little about money and fame. 四、写作练笔
请根据下列提示要点， 写一篇关于J.K.Rowling的简介。
【写作内容】【写作要求】
用100字左右表达全部内容；
【评分标准】
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________【答案】
Born in England, July 1965, J．K.Rowling, the writer of Harry Potter, dreamt of being a writer from an early age.After middle school, her parents encouraged her to study French.A year later, J．K.Rowling graduated from a university in Paris, and worked in London.It was in 1990 that J．K.Rowling first had the idea about Harry Potter and she would duck into coffee shops to write when the baby fell asleep.Her first Harry Potter book was published in 1997 which became the bestseller and attracted readers of all ages.Since then, JK Rowling has become the most popular writer among children in the world.Thank you!
