课件45张PPT。Unit 4 EarthquakesLanguage points1. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.right away: at once; in no time; immediately
right now: at this very moment
Make up your mind ___________.
I’ll return the book ___________.right nowright away2. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 【寓词于境】 阅读下列句子，并试着 总结burst在句中的词性、含义及用法。
1) The pipes had burst and the house was under two feet of water.
2) The police burst into the room and took the young man away. 3) Hearing the news, the woman burst into laughter.5) There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 4) She burst out crying for no reason, which surprised us.burst作 ___ 词，意思是 _____（句1）；常用于短语 burst into + a room, building, etc. 闯入，突然破门而入（句2）；burst into + n. 突然爆发，突然……起来（句3）；burst out doing突然……（句4）。burst作 ___ 词，意思是 _________（句5），还可指“爆裂；破裂之处，裂口”。动爆裂名突然一阵用burst或其短语的适当形式填空。
1) The plane crashed and _________ flames.
2) The dam _____ because of the heavy rain.
3) It looked as if Kate was about to _____ ____ tears.
4) Everyone was quiet when John suddenly _________ laughing.burst outburst intoburstburstinto3. It seemed as if the world was at an end!1) as if 似乎，好像 = as though
e.g. She spoke to me as if she knew me.
她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。
2) as if 在表语从句中相当于that
e.g. It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 看起来会议没完没了。 本文中as if 的用法就是第二种。
It seemed as if the world was at an end!
= It seemed that the world was at an end!at an endat the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意;
by the end of 用于表示时间的场合，到……结束的时候，用于过去完成时态;
in the end 意思“最后、终于”。 at the end of
by the end of
in the end1) His father will return home
___________ this year.
2) He will be a scientist __________.
3) How many English words had you
learned ____________ last term?at the end ofin the endby the end of4. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.lie (lay, lain): to be, remain or be kept in a certain state
in ruins: severely damaged or destroyedruin
destroy
damage① damage 指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词, 也可以用作名词, 用作名词时常与 to something 连用。e.g. The accident did a lot of damage to his car. ② destroy 只能用作动词, 指彻底破坏, 以致不可能修复, 常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解, 也可以指希望、计划等打破。e.g. The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. ③ ruin指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次的打击结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。e.g. The fire ruined the house. The company is facing ruin. The house has fallen into ruin.Smoking ruined his health.
吸烟毁了他的健康。She ruined his prospects.
她毁了他的前途。The village ____ in ruins after the war.
These machines have ____ idle since the
factory closed.laylainEverywhere they looked nearly everything was _________. destroyedHe ______ his girl friend’s prospects.ruinedSoft wood ________ easily.damagesAn earthquake left the whole town _________.
His career is ________.in ruinsin ruins 5. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.More than 61% of the surface of the earth ____ covered by water.
Seventy percent of the workers in this factory ____ young.
以百分数作为主语的，谓语动词是单数还是负数取决于百分数后面跟的名词是可数还是不可数的。isare请根据提示完成下列句子。
1) ________ (三分之一) of the students in our class ____ (be) girls.
2) ___________ (五分之三) of the soil __________ (wash) away by the flood last night.
3) ______ (一半) of the desks in this school ________ (make) in his company.
4) ______ (大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday ____ (be) interesting.One-thirdareThree-fifthswas washedHalfare madeMostwas5) ___________________ (数万) people ___________ (dance) in the big square now.
6) There were ____________ (一万) students taking part in the exam yesterday.
7) ________________ (百分之九十) of the mountain _________ (cover) by trees.is coveredTens of thousands ofare dancingten thousand90% / 90 percentinjure
hurt
wound injure: to hurt oneself / sb. / sth. physically三者都可表示受伤，伤害。injure 一般是指在事故中受伤，往往意为“外伤”。 wound 一般指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤等，尤其指在战争中，打斗中受伤。hurt 可指对身体上的伤害，也指对心灵造成的伤害。Their criticisms _________ him deeply.
Smoking will ________ his health.
He was slightly _______ in the car accident.
He got _________ in the fighting.
What you said _____ my feeling.have hurtinjuredinjuredwoundedhurt6. People were shocked.e.g. I was shocked by the way he treated his own mother.I was shocked at her smoking.shock v. （使）震惊，使惊愕e.g. Whoever touches that wire can get badly shocked. e.g. It gave me quite a shock to be told I was seriously ill.shock v. 使受电击shock n. 震惊e.g. An electric shock can kill you.shock n. 电击有类似用法的词有很多，如：interest, frighten, excite, puzzle, satisfy 等。shock 有两种分词转化成的形容词形式：
shocking令人震惊的(用来修饰物); shocked震惊的(用来修饰人)。用shock的适当形式填空。
1) The news of his mother’s death was a terrible _______ to him.
2) What _______ us most was that such a good boy should quarrel with his father.
3) O Henry’s short stories always gave the readers ________ endings.shockingshockshocked7. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
阅读下列句子，注意trap的意思及用法。
1) The elevator broke down and we were trapped inside (it).
2) I must take no notice of their politeness or kindness which was designed to trap me into giving information.
3) If we’re lucky, the thief will fall right into our trap.[归纳] trap 可以作 _____，意为： ___________（句1）。可以构成短语trap sb. into (doing) sth.，表示“使中计；使陷入圈套”（句2）。也可以作名词，意为： _____（句3）； _____（句4）。动词使陷入困境困境陷阱4) To break out of the trap they need help from the government.根据括号内的提示完成句子。
1. I knew perfectly well _____________ (这是一个陷阱).
2. By clever questioning, they ________
________ (诱使他) making an agreement.it was a trap trapped him into长难句分析1. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.
这是一个复合句。主句是 ____________
__________________________________
__________，outside the city of Tangshan在主句中作地点状语，_____引导时间状语从句。 The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshanwhen【翻译】 即使天空没有飞机，在唐山市城外也可以听到飞机声。
【仿写】 即使事情老是不如意，我的同桌也从未放弃。
________________________________________________________________My desk-mate never gives up even when things keep going badly.2. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
这是一个复合句。句子的主干是 __________________________________ _________________。_____引导非限制 性定语从句，修饰people。But the one million people were asleep as usual that nightwho【翻译】 但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当作一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
【仿写】 但是，那位与我素不相识的年轻人，那天就像我的亲兄弟一样帮助我摆脱了困境。
______________________________________________________________________
______________But the young man, whom I didn’t know, helped me out like my own brother that day.3. It seemed as if the world was at an end!
这是一个复合句。主句是 _________， as if 引导表语从句，其后从句中谓语 动词常用虚拟语气。
【翻译】 世界似乎到了末日!
【仿写】 这场仗似乎老打不完。
______________________________ ______________________________It seemed It seemed as if the fight would never end. 4. The army organized teams to dig out
those who were trapped and to bury the
dead.
部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖
出来，将死者掩埋。
句子的主干是The army organized teams, to dig out ... and to bury ... 这两个不定式短语作目的状语，who were trapped是定语从句，修饰 _____。 those【仿写】 他们种下许多果树，让那些穷人富裕起来，而且也是为了保护环境。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________They planted plenty of fruit trees to make those who were poor rich and also to protect the environment.dig out 挖掘；发现
to dig out the tapped miners
把困在井下的矿工们挖救上来
to dig oneself out of the snow
自己从雪堆中爬出来
e.g. We dug out the truth from a mass of information.
我们从一大堆材料中发现了真相。bury: A. to place in the ground
B. to occupy (oneself) with deep
concentration; absorb
e.g. The dog buried the bone in the ground.
I buried myself in my studies.
bury oneself in
= be buried in
devote oneself to
= be devoted to5. Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.
a. 这是一个由 and 连接的并列复合句。
b. 本句的结构是：第一个分句 （Thousands of families were killed） + and + 第二个分句（many children were left without parents）。c. 第二个分句的结构为：主语（many children） + 谓语（were left） + 主语补足语（without parents）。
d. 可以充当补足语的还有形容词、分词、不定式、名词或句子等。
【仿写】有这么多作业要做，我怎么能轻松起来呢？ ____________________________________________________How could I feel relaxed with so much homework to do?Thank you!课件18张PPT。Unit 4 Earthquakes1. Find the correct word or expression for each of the following meanings. uselessnationa great
number ofdirtright awaysteamat an endextremeshocktrackrescueruin2. Try to find as many words you have learned in the reading passage as possible to describe any earthquake you know about.Before:After:feelings curious anxious surprised amazed puzzled confusedshocked horrified relieved worried scared angry distressed sad terrified frightened hopeless hopeful unbelievable encourageddamage Before:After:cracks pipes burstgreat destruction
houses in ruins
roads destroyed
water, gas and electricity hard to get
people killed or injured
cracks cut across roads and canals
hills of rock became dirt
children lost parentseventsBefore:After:animals behaved strangely
lights in sky
sound of planes
well water rose and fellruins 2. 2nd quake
3. army came After:rescue
workcalm practical
hard-working selfless helpful brave courageous kind thoughtful prepared tireless understanding organised strong-willed determined3. Complete the passage with words from the text. It was a frightening night. The dam cracked and then ______ under the weight of the water. The water went all over the fields and _________ quite a few villages along the river. Some buildings were in ______ and some farmers were ________ at the top of their houses.burstdestroyedruinstrappedThe water filled the canals and the _____. Dead bodies and _______ animals were seen everywhere. People were ________, but they had to _____ the dead bodies for health reasons. It was a very sad time.wellsinjuredshockedbury4. Work in groups. Read some of the sentences and complete the others. Then choose the best to read to the class.◎ When the earthquake came, it was as if the world was at an end.
◎ When the houses fell down, it sounded as if _______________________. a mountain had blown up◎ When the dam broke, it looked as if the sea had arrived suddenly on our doorstep.
◎ When the bricks covered the ground, it was as if ___________________________.
◎ When the coal mines fell, the ground above looked as if it would crack.
◎ When the cows ran down the road, they looked as if ______________________
____________.stones were flowing like water they were driven by an
unseen hand◎ When the shock hit us, we felt as if we were going to die.
◎ When the nation turned to help us in our need, it seemed as if _____________
__________________________________ ____. all China was thinking of us and was coming to our aid根据汉语提示, 将下列句子补充完整。
1. ________________________ (我还没来 得 及回答), Linda hung up.
2. _________________________ (整个城 市 成了一片废墟) after the earthquake. The whole city lay in ruinsBefore I could answer her3. I was wondering why my boss _________
__________________ (不重视我的建议).
4. _________ (像往常一样), the couple left the children at home alone.
5. ___________________________ (数十万 艘船) have sunk in the Atlantic.
6. We are expecting to ________________
______________ (找出一些重要的事实). dig out some important facts thought little of my suggestion As usualHundreds of thousands of ships7. _________________ (你是什么意思) by acting like this?
8. I’m afraid the wind may ____________ _____(把帐篷吹走).
9. By 2012, that figure is expected to _______________ (达到七百万).
10. Much to our disappointment, the fine weather ___________________ (只持续 了几天).lasted only a few days What do you mean blow the tent awayreach 7 millionThank you!课件23张PPT。Unit 4 Earthquakes1. Here is a letter of invitation. Read it carefully and imagine that you are the student who has been invited to give a speech.Reading and speakingOffice of the City Government
Tangshan, hebei
China
July 5, 201 ____
Dear _____,
Congratulations! We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan. Your speech was heard bya group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year. Your parents and your school should be very proud of you!
Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster. The park will also honour those who helped the survivors. Our office would like to have you speakto the park visitors on July 28 at 11:00 am. As you know, this is the day the quake happened thirty-_____ years ago.
We invited you to bring your family and friends on that special day.
Sincerely,
Zhang ShaTang shan’s new look2. Now in pairs prepare a short speech, in which you should:
thank those who worked hard to rescue survivors and list some of the things the workers did to help them; thank those who worked hard to build a new city; (For example: they built new homes and offices in only seven years. The UN honoured them for their quick work.)
thank the visitors for listening to your speech. I would like to express my thanks to … who …
Here, I wish to express my thanks for the great efforts …
I’d also like to thank …
No words are strong enough to express our …
It was terrible when … It seemed as if …
I remember …
I felt …
Not long after that …
Luckily, …How would you feel if your home was suddenly destroyed without warning? In pairs make a list of useful adjectives to express your feelings. ListeningEarthquake happened in San Francisco, 1906.San Francisco
San Francisco lies in northern California and is surrounded on three sides by water. At 5:13 on the morning of April 18th, 1906, the city was shaken by a terrible earthquake. A great part of the city was destroyed and a largenumber of buildings were burnt. The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250,000. About 700 people died in the earthquake and the fires. The listening text is an interview of a survivor of the great San Francisco earthquake of 1906. Listen to the tape and write down the main idea.You may think about:
Who is speaking?
Where was the person at the time?
What did the person do?Listen to the tape and then tell
whether they are true or false.1. The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.
2. Many huge buildings were shaking –bricks were falling.3. A lot of people were buried under the ruins.
4. Some cows were killed in the fires.
5. He felt safer because he got away easily.Listen to the tape again and in groups discuss these questions.1. When did the earthquake begin?
The earthquake began around 5 o’clock
in the morning.
2. What did the speaker do after he woke up?
The speaker rushed outside as he woke up. 3. What did he see and hear outside?
When he got outside he thought the world had come to an end. He heard people crying and shouting. He saw people running everywhere and bricks falling down from buildings. There were big fires too.4. What happened to the man next to him?
The man next to him was killed by bricks falling from a nearby building.
5. How did he get away from the city?
He got away from the city by boat.
6. Which of your adjectives describe the
man’s feelings most closely?
Very shocked, devastated.1 I asked a man standing nex(t) to me wha(t) happened.
2 Some of them ha(d) broken their legs and others were climbing
upon each other to get out.Read the sentences below and pay attention to liaison and incomplete explosion.Thank you!课件18张PPT。Unit 4 Earthquakeson WorkbookListeningon Page 62ListeningRead the statements in Exercise 1 and predict the content of listening.
Listen to the tape for the first time and check your predicted answers.Listen to the tape again and tell whether they are true or false.1. It is believed that on the surface of the earth are a number of plates.
2. The plates are always moving.
3. If the plates stop moving, there is an earthquake.4. If the plates move, there is an earthquake.
5. Wherever you live, you are in an earthquake area.
6. China has two plates pushing on her and they make mountains and earthquakes.Listen to Part 1 and answer these questions.1 Why do earthquakes happen?
Earthquakes happen when two
moving plates jump and push against each other.2 Why do California, China and Japan have a lot of earthquakes?
California, Japan and China have a lot of earthquakes because they are placed in areas where different plates meet.1 Do not build _______________________
______________.
2 Make sure you build _______________
__________________. houses along a line where
two plates meet houses on rock rather than on sandListen to Part 2 and complete the sentences.3 You must ________________________
__________.
______ buildings will fall down and
______ ones may ________. Weak strong stay up make the houses as strong as possible Discuss this questions in small groups: Why do some earthquakes kill more people than others?on Page 66Work in groups of four and discuss the best way to protect oneself if there was an earthquake. And talk about three things that you think are the most useful if an earthquake comes. Listen to a dialogue between a teacher and her students and write down the three key words that they mentioned.
_________________
_________________
_________________drop
cover
holdMy earthquake plan
1st thing I must do: __________________
__________________________________________________Listen to Part 1 again and write down the three things to do to keep safe if there is an earthquake. I must drop to the floor and cover my head and neck with my arms.2nd thing I must do: _________________
______________________________________________________________________
3rd thing I must do: __________________
______________________________________________________________ Make sure I hide under something like a table to protect myself from things falling on top of me. I must hold onto the furniture so it doesn’t move away from me during the earthquake.Listen to Part 2 again and write down any other advice that you think is useful.
My earthquake advice
If you are outside, you should _____________________________________________________________keep away from power lines, trees, signs, cars and buildings.If you are in the living room, you should ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ If you are in the house alone, you should __________________________________________________________________________________ring a family friend to tell them where you are and collect your personal earthquake bag.make sure that the bookcases are fastened to the wall and the TV set is tied to a table so that they can’t move.Thank you!课件22张PPT。Unit 4 EarthquakesReading taskJack London (1876 –1916) was an American author who wrote The Call of the Wild, White Fang, and The Sea Wolf along with many other popular books. Read the story and answer the question.How many times is the word “gone” used in the first paragraph? Why did Jack London do so?Three times.He wanted to make it clear that the earthquake had caused almost total devastation of this once beautiful, young city.Read the story and find the author’s point of view.Write an adjective to describe how the author felt about the earthquake and what it did. Why did you choose this word? ____________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________ Shocked
London is both greatly surprised and frightened by what he sees, so “shocked” is a good word to describe his feelings.2. Write an adjective to describe how the author felt about the people during the earthquake. Why did you choose this word? ___________________________
__________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ sad
London knows that many families lost their loved ones and all their possessions.on Page 67Speaking taskEvery student in San Francisco schools are encouraged to collect a personal earthquake bag and have it ready in case communications are disrupted after a severe earthquake and it is impossible to bring help immediately. It should contain two kinds of items. Important personal and official papers;
useful items to make life easier until help arrives.In pairs you are to choose eight things from the list below to put into your personal earthquake bag. Make sure that you only take essential things with you. They must last you five days.personal washing thingsfood and chocolate barsimportant papersbowls and chopsticksidentity cardcandlesbottle of watermoneypersonal washing thingsa bottle of water moneytorchmobile phonefood and chocolate barsblanketMy personal earthquake bag will containmedicineThe bag will
containPossible sampleS1: What do you think we’ll need in our
personal earthquake bag?
S2: If we have to collect things we need
for five days, the most important
things will be the bottle of water, candles, money and personal washing things. That makes four, do you agree?S1: Yes, they sound good choices. I also think we need a torch, a mobile phone and a blanket. Another one?
S2: OK. But now we have difficulties. I would like food and sweets. We’ll really need food if we’re to be on our own for five days before rescue comes.
S1: No, I don’t agree. Food and sweets is a good idea but the medicine would also be very useful.S2: I agree. So we have to choose whether to take the food and sweets and the medicine to make our eight items.
S1: OK. Now, let’s make the list: water, candles, money and personal washing things, food and sweets, a torch, mobile phone and blanket. If we want to add the medicine as well, what can we remove?S2: Well, the candles and the torch do seem to be the same. Why don’t we remove the candles (in case we don’t have matches) and replace them with the medicine?
S1: Yes. That seems to solve the problem. OK. Let’s put the medicine in and take the candles out. Now our list is complete. Let’s tell the class our ideas and see if they have the same ideas…What are you going to do if an earthquake happens?If you are……Suggest answer If you were sleeping in your bedroom when the quake happened, you would get up quickly first, next you would wake up your family and your neighbours. Then you could run to a safe place. So that you could escape being trapped or killed.Remember: These thing should be avoided.standing close to a building
(because it may fall on you if it
is weakened by the earthquake)
2. standing under a tree
(because it my fall on you)
3. going too close to power lines
(because you may be badly affected
by electricity if they fall on you)Talk with your classmates and consider what you have learned about quakes.HomeworkThank you!课件20张PPT。Unit 4 Earthquakes You are going to write an article for a newspaper about a special event that happened in your hometown. Before you start, you should write an outline. It will help you organize your ideas. A newspaper outline usually includes: a headline, a list of main ideas and a list of important details.如何写新闻报道本单元要求学生围绕当地发生的一件事写一篇新闻报道。新闻报道常把报道的中心问题或结局放在开头，以吸引读者，然后再详细叙述事情的起因和经过。【写作分析】【新闻报道的特点】
新闻报道通常有比较固定的写作格式，如报道的开头通常是地点或时间，第一句话常常是导语，是对整个报道的高度概括。同时新闻报道要遵循真实性原则。
1. 标题醒目。标题通常放在正文的中央位置，概括该篇报道的主要内容。好的标题能使读者在短时间内了解新闻的主要内容，引起阅读兴趣。 2. 导语。导语一般置于报道开头，作用是吸引读者的注意力，因此导语要求能高度概括报道的内容，让读者一看就能了解整篇报道最吸引人的地方。
3. 主体简洁、生动。主体一般被认为是导语的注释和补充。主体部分在报道中占相当大的篇幅，主体展开的结构可以按事实的重要程度为顺序，也可以按时间、空间或逻辑顺序。行文要尽量避免使用被动语态，抓住一些显著的细节进行深入描写。注意语法要正确，动词及时态的使用要恰当等。
4. 结构。新闻报道通常采用经典的“倒金字塔（the Inverted Pyramid）”结构，由三个部分组成，即标题（Headline）、导语（Lead-in）和主体（Body）。其中主体部分常常又按照：a list of main ideas, a list of important details这样的顺序来写。【实例展示】
假如你是一家英文日报社的记者，请根据以下提示，用英语写一篇新闻报道。1. 事件：一辆红色轿车撞上一辆白色面包车，车毁人亡；
2. 时间：今天清晨5点左右；
3. 地点：市中心以南5公里处；
4. 情况：红色轿车内4位乘客全部死亡，包括一名6岁的男孩。白色面包车的司机受了重伤，现已脱离危险。事故的原因还不清楚，警方正在调查。【审题要素】
1. 确定文体：这是一篇新闻报道，写作中应注意其格式。
2. 主体时态：以一般过去时为主。
3. 主体人称：第三人称。
4. 内容要点：① 事件；② 时间；
③ 地点；④ 情况。
5. 注意句子结构准确，信息内容完整，逻辑连贯。【思路引导】
想要成功地完成这一写作任务，需要经过以下步骤：
1. 构思：与同学讨论题目，交流信息，确定写作内容。
2. 拟定提纲：按照标题、导语、主体列出提纲，理顺要报道的事件的逻辑顺序。本篇报道的 outline 为：Headline: A Red Car Crashed into a White Minibus
Main idea: A serious traffic accident took place.
Detail 1: The accident happened 5 kilometers south from the centre of the city at about 5 o’clock this morning.
Detail 2: All four passengers in the red car were killed, including a 6-year-old boy.Detail 3: The driver of the white minibus was seriously injured but is out of danger.
Detail 4: The police are looking into the matter.3. 打草稿：根据以上提纲，写出初稿。
4. 校订：检查错误，调整、修改或重写。
5. 完稿：修改、誊写，并最后定稿。【参考范文】
A Red Car Crashed into a White Minibus
Early this morning a serious traffic accident took place. A red car crashed into a white minibus 5 kilometers south from the centre of the city at about 5 o’clock this morning, killing all of its four passengers, including a six-year-old boy. The driver of the white minibus was also seriously injured but is out of danger now.
What caused the accident still remains unclear and the police are looking into the matter.on Page 67A posterWhat the poster is
about and why.The items and
why they are chosen.What should be
avoided and why.Write a poster in class according to the three parts given above. When it is completed, display your poster in the classroom.Sample poster
An earthquake may happen at any time so it’s best to prepare your personal earthquake bag.Collect these items and keep them somewhere near you.
1 a bottle of water 2 money
3 personal washing things 4 food and sweets 5 a torch
6 mobile phone 7 a blanket
8 medicine
Remember:
Do not put fresh fruit in the bag as it will go bad quickly and cause problems.
IT IS BETTER TO BE PREPARED THAN SORRY！Thank you!
