Unit 2 Healthy eating
同步练习
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
The food we eat seems to have a great effect on our health. Although science has made big steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps 80% of human illness is related to food and 40% of cancer is related to food as well. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, some researchers realized that things commonly used to keep colour in meats and other food additives(添加剂)caused cancer.
Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it is difficult to know which things on the wrappings(包装)of foods are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to their animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of cows. Sometimes similar things are supplied to animals not for their health, but just to make a profit.
The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on the market. Although some countries have tried to control such things, the practice continues.
1．According to this passage, we can know ________.
A．perhaps most of human illness is caused by what we eat
B．perhaps most kinds of cancer are related to what people eat
C．cancer was discovered in 1945
D．science has made food unfit to eat
2．Things that are used to keep colours in meats are________.
A．harmful B．useless
C．helpless D．delicious
3．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Some wrappings of food are harmful.
B．Farmers try to make more money on the market by fattening their animals.
C．“The practice continues” means “things are still going on like that”．
D. We needn’t take care of what we eat.
4．All the additives ________.
A．are bright and colourless
B．are not bright and colourful
C．have indirect effects on our health
B
If you really want to go green, here’s good news: eating green is good for you. The very foods with a high carbon cost meat, pork, dairy products, processed snacks also tend to be filled with fat and calories. A green diet would be mostly vegetables and fruits, whole grains, fish and lean meats like chicken—a diet that’s eco and waistline friendly. Eating green can be healthier and beneficial to the climate.
It may be hard to believe that a meal at McDonald’s produces more carbon than your trip to a faraway place. More than 37% of the world’s land is used for agriculture, much of which was once forested. Deforestation (砍伐森林) is a major source of carbon. The fertilizer (化肥) and machinery needed on a modern farm also have a large carbon footprint, as does the network of ships and trucks that brings the food from the farm to your plate.
The most efficient way to reduce the carbon footprint of your menu is to eat less meat, especially beef. Raising cattle takes a lot more energy than growing the equivalent (相等的) amount of grains, fruits or vegetables. What’s more, the majority of cattle in the U.S. are fed on grain and loads of it—670 million tons in 2002—and the fertilizer used to feed that creates separate environmental problems.
Focus on eating lower on the food chain, with more plants and fruits and less meat and dairy. It’s simple. We can change today what goes into our bodies for the health of our planet and ourselves.
5．According to the passage, eating green will ________.
A．protect the animals from being killed
B．promote the development of agriculture
C．help us lose weight and keep self confidence
D．be good for our health and make a change for the climate
6．What will not lead to carbon in the agriculture?
A．Deforestation B．Fertilizer
C．Machinery D．Grains
7．In the author’s opinion, the most efficient way to reduce carbon is to ________.
A．eat more vegetables than meat
B．stop raising the cattle
C．plant more grains
D．use less fertilizer
8．What is the passage mainly about?
A．The benefits of eating green.
B．How to reduce the carbon.
C．The change of our menu.
D．The ways of keeping healthy.
C
People are overweight for many reasons, the most important one of which is that they eat the wrong foods, get the wrong types of calories (卡路里) per meal，and they also eat meals at the wrong time each day. Food is more powerful than any weight loss pill (药片), because the food that you eat can either make you thin or fat. This is true because your body is like an engine, and it only needs certain foods at certain intervals (间隔) each day.
Low calorie Diets Do Not Work
The reason people cannot lose weight by starving themselves is that their metabolism (新陈代谢) will detect any major drop in calories and it will then adjust (调整) itself by burning fewer calories each day. That is the reason why you can eat 1,000 calories per day and not lose any weight, while your friends can eat 2,500 calories per day and not gain any weight.
Low fat Diets Do Not Work
Many people in today’s society are buying mostly low fat or non fat food at the grocery store. Everybody knows how much fat is inside the food they buy. However, people are getting fatter than ever before by doing this. They are not losing weight by changing to this low fat lifestyle.
Losing weight has nothing to do with these things. One of the most important things you can do to control your weight is to eat the proper foods, such as fruit and vegetables, eat them at the right time, and exercise every day. If people make this a habit, they will lose weight.
9．What is the main reason why people are overweight?
A．They eat the wrong foods at the wrong time.
B．They eat food with lots of calories.
C．They don’t take any weight loss pills.
D．They burn many calories every day.
10．The article is written in order to ________.
A．tell readers not to buy low fat or non fat food
B．tell readers how to lose weight
C．tell readers about an important scientific discovery
D．call on people to lose weight and stay healthy
11．To realize the aim of your weight loss plan, you should ________.
a．do exercise every day
b．eat meals at the right time
c．eat fruits and vegetables
d．eat low fat or sweet food
e．eat the proper foods at each meal
A．a，b，c，d B．a，b，d，e
C．a，c，d，e D．a，b，c，e
D
Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.
Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating，for people are often less self conscious(难为情)when they’re in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn’t have enough window light，get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.
Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study，people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing，while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint，go blue.
Don’t forget the clock—or the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while you’re at it，actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down，turn on relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.
Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12 inch plate instead of a 10 inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one，total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short，wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.
12．The text is especially helpful for those who care about________.
A．their home comforts B．their body shape
C．house buying D．healthy diets
13．A home environment in blue can help people________.
A．digest food better B．reduce food intake
C．burn more calories D．regain their appetites
14．What are people advised to do at mealtimes?
A．Eat quickly.
B．Play fast music.
C．Use smaller spoons.
D．Turn down the lights.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Is Your House Making You Fat?
B．Ways of Serving Dinner
C．Effects of Self Consciousness
D．Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sure, we’ve all heard that we should get more sleep. The realities of life often make it become “we should get more sleep later.” __16__ The result is that you wake up the next day feeling like a role of The Walking Dead. Here are four ways you can adjust your biology in order to pay less for staying up.
● Move around.
Exercising before bed is a sure way to keep awake. That’s why you shouldn’t do it when you want to go to sleep, and it is also why hitting the gym, or even some fast push ups can tell your body that it’s not time for bed. Being physically exhausted isn’t fun when you are trying to stay up late. __17__
● Eat more protein.
Few people think about the fact that the brain and body use a lot more energy when we’re awake. If you are pulling an all nighter, you’re going to need a lot more food than you are used to eating. __18__ To stay awake, plan to eat larger meals than normal and to eat them more frequently.
● Drink the right stuff.
It’s tempting (诱人) to switch to sugary caffeine drinks like Red Bull, but the sugar will lead to a crash. Instead, if you want to use caffeine, drink early in the evening so it’ll wear off by the time you want to sleep. __19__ Don’t make it worse by drinking sugar.
●__20__
Turn the lights down at night because bright lights keep you awake. For three or four hours after you’re exposed to bright white light, your body won’t make melatonin, a must for deep sleep. You will sleep better if you turn the lights a little bit down.
A．Turn the lights off.
B．Avoid bright lights.
C．Just do enough to get energetic.
D．And your body can never bear something like that.
E．Your brain can use up to 25 percent of your total calories.
F．When you stay up late, your blood sugar becomes abnormal.
G．There is either more work to be done, or more fun to be had, or both.
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D），选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
Everything speeds up with people’s lives. People often eat fast food __21__nice meals cooked by their mother__22__. They go to a shop, where the meal is__23__cooked. They can take__24__from the shelf when they__25__their dollar and in ten minutes eat it and__26__their dinner. This is not good for__27__. People move a great__28__from city to city，__29__their jobs. Airplanes go__30__between cities. Every twenty-five seconds planes are taking off from airports. When people move__31__the cities, they leave their old friends__32__. They leave their old mother and father, their children, and leave their__33__. People become without roots, without a place__34__they can really call “home”. This has very__35__effects. One thing is that the old people often live so far from their children that，__36__they become old, there is nobody to__37__them. Brothers and sisters move far away from each other. They telephone each other. Families become very__38__. Society does not have the__39__ways any more, the ones which kept people__40__together. Many people feel rather lonely today.
21．A. without B．together with
C．instead of D．as
22．A. at school B．at home
C．in the hotel D．in the restaurant
23．A. already B．still
C．not D．just
24．A. them B．it
C．everything D．little
25．A. put B．get
C．set D．pay
26．A. finish B．cook
C．fetch D．bring
27．A. families B．children
C．old people D．business
28．A. many B．much
C．deal D．far
29．A. doing B．to do
C．changing D．change
30．A. usually B．immediately
C．constantly D．fast
31．A. from B．to
C．in D．around
32．A. behind B．away
C．out D．off
33．A. friends B．parents
C．teachers D．students
34．A. or B．and
C．where D．that
35．A. bad B．surprising
C．exciting D．great
36．A. if B．when
C．since D．because
37．A. see B．look after
C．hear from D．telephone
38. A. scattered B．different
C．large D．divided
39．A. new B．old
C．easy D．same
40．A. close B．near
C．live D．friendly
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mr.Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __41__farm，which looked almost abandoned.__42__(lucky)，he also had a cow which produced milk every day.He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby __43__other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what __44__(leave)．The cow was their only means of support，in fact.One day，the cow was eating grass __45__it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away，she __46__(fall) over the hill and died.Then the Johnsons had to make a living __47__the cow.In order to support his family，Mr.Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables.Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cutting down trees __48__(sell)the wood. Thinking about his children’s clothes，he started growing cotton too.When harvest came around，he was already selling herbs，vegetables and cotton in the market __49__people from the towns met regularly. Now it occurred to__50__that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.
阅读短文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误仅限1词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Wang Peng and Yong Hui are couples. Before they got married, they opened their own restaurants and competed for each other. Wang Peng thought his meal was good and his restaurant ought to be full of people, and people went to a newly opened restaurant belonging to Yong Hui.
Curiosity drove him inside his restaurant. But there were few choices of food and drink on the menu, which making people slim. He couldn’t have Yong Hui get away with telling people lies. After doing research on, he realized what was wrong with her restaurant. Then he won his customers back by using a discount and a new sign. But Yong Hui came to his restaurant glaring him angrily. Wang Peng thought her menu was too limiting, and advised her to try a meal. They chatted and thought they should combine their idea and provide a balanced diet with food full of energy and fibre. After some time, they cooperated and got married, working and living together happy.
假如你是李华， 你的笔友Jane最近总是感觉身体不适，因此写信向你询问如何保持身体健康， 请你根据以下要点提示用英文给他回信。要点提示：
1. 合理饮食，避免吃脂肪高及含糖多的食物，多吃新鲜蔬菜和水果；
2. 锻炼身体，合理锻炼有助身体健康；
3. 保证充足睡眠，不要熬夜；
4. 你的其他建议……
字数：100词左右(信的开头和结尾已给但不计入总数，可适当增加细节)。
Dear Jane，
I’m glad to receive your letter, But at the same time, I ‘m sorry to hear that you are not very
well these days. _________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案
A篇：文章大意：本文主要讲述的是食物可以让我们生存，但是现在的很多疾病也是与食物有关的。告诉我们要特别注意自己所吃的食物。
1. A 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句话Some research has shown that perhaps 80% of human illness is related to food and 40% of cancer is related to food as well.可知，百分之八十的疾病都是由我们吃的食物引起的，故A项正确。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话In 1945, some researchers realized that things commonly used to keep colour in meats and other food additives(添加剂)caused cancer.可知，这些让肉着色的添加剂会导致癌症。那么对人体是有害的，故A项正确。
3. D 推理判断题。根据第一段前三句话可知，食物可以让我们生存，但是现在的很多疾病也是与食物有关的。说明对于我们的食物我们要特别注意，故D项错误，所以选D项。
4. C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句The additives which we eat are not all so direct.可知，很多的添加剂都不是直接的影响人体的健康的。故C项正确。
B
文章大意：本文介绍了吃绿色食品的好处。
5. D 细节理解题。由第一段最后两句话“A green diet …—a diet that’s eco and waistline friendly. Eating green can be healthier and beneficial to the climate.”可知，吃绿色食品对我们的健康有利而且对改变气候有利。
6. D 推理判断题。由第二、三段的介绍可知，只有谷物不会造成碳排放。
7. A 细节理解题。由第三段第一句话“The most efficient way to reduce the carbon footprint of your menu is to eat less meat, especially beef.”可知。
8. A 主旨大意题。由文章大意可知。
C
9. A 从第一段的第一句话People are overweight for many reasons, the most important one of which is that they eat the wrong foods...可知A项是正确答案。
10. B 纵观全文，讲了人类肥胖的主要原因，以及人们怎样做就会减肥，故B项正确。
11. D 从文中的Low fat Diets Do Not Work可排除A、B、C三项；从全文可知，D项正确。
D
文章大意：想要减肥，除了少吃外，还和房间有关系。建议有4条：1.房间要明亮；2.用冷色系会减少食欲；3.放一些舒缓的音乐就餐；4.用小的碗碟。
12. B 根据全文第一段Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.可知，这篇文章更可能是对那些在乎自己体型的人有帮助。
13. B 根据第三段第三句话In one study...可知在蓝色的房间内人吃的相对较少。
14. C 最后一段介绍，要想少吃，要用小碗小勺，前面介绍说到，吃得快，房间暗会增加饮食，放舒缓的音乐有助于减少饮食的速度和进食量。故选C。
15. A 根据开头的后文可知，本文就房间的布置给那些想减肥的人士提了一些建议。所以选A可以更好地概括全文
文章大意：生活中，我们经常熬夜，这对我们的身体有很大影响，文章介绍四个方法可以在熬夜的时候保持清醒。
16．G 考查句意理解和上下文。根据上文：The realities of life often make it become “we should get more sleep later.”可知我们经常得不到足够的睡眠要么是因为有很多工作要做，要么是因为又很多有趣的事情要做，所以选G。
17．C 考查句意理解和上下文。根据上文：Being physically exhausted isn’t fun when you are trying to stay up late.可知锻炼不要太多，做一些就足够了，所以选C。
18．E 考查句意理解和上下文。根据上文：If you are pulling an all nighter, you’re going to need a lot more food than you are used to eating.可知你的大脑会用到25%的总的卡路里，所以选E。
19．F 考查句意理解和上下文。根据上文：It’s tempting (诱人) to switch to sugary caffeine drinks like Red Bull, but the sugar will lead to a crash.可知当你熬夜的时候，你的血糖会不正常，所以选F。
20．B 考查段落大意题。根据这段的句子：Turn the lights down at night because bright lights keep you awake.可知这段介绍的是要避免明亮的灯光。所以选B。
21. C 句意：吃快餐而非妈妈在家做得香喷喷的饭菜。instead of“而不是”，符合句意。
22. B 由首句可知，人们追求吃饭速度必然到饭店吃快餐，而不吃“家里”母亲煮的可口饭菜。
23. A already指“已经做了”；still“仍然”；not在此指“没有做”；just指“刚做”。结合语境“他们去饭菜’已经煮好’的商店”，可知already符合句意。
24. B 该空替代上文的meal。
25. D 由下文的their dollar可推知用pay，指付款。
26. A 他们来饭店是吃饭的而不是做其他事。本句意为“他们十分钟之内就吃完饭”。
27. A 人们都到外面吃饭，必然对“家庭”不利。
28. C a great deal意为“许多次”，修饰动词。
29. C 人们频繁更换地点是为了“更换”工作。
30. C 下文“Every twenty five seconds planes are taking off from airports.”可推出此处用constantly“不停地”。
31． B 此句意为“他们搬到大城市”。搬到某个地方为move to。
32. A 当人们搬迁到各个城市时，他们将老朋友“留下”。leave out“遗漏”；leave off“停止”。
33. A 与人们关系密切的人除了父母、小孩子之外就是“朋友”了。
34. D 关系代词引导定语从句，先行词a place指物且在定语从句中作宾语，应填that。
35. A 人们离开亲人朋友频繁搬迁当然会产生“不良”后果。
36. B “当他们年老时”这是一般事实，没有假设意味，可排除A项；C、D项表因果关系，在此意义不合。
37. B 老人离子女这么远以至于当他们变老时没有人来“照料”他们。
38. A 人们四处搬迁必然使家庭“分散”。
39. B 本文主要讲新旧两种生活方式的对比。这里指的是以前的事情。
40. A 社会没有了老风味，而这老风味曾使人们紧密联系在一起。
文章大意：这篇短文讲述的是约翰逊先生一家人靠着农场里的奶牛维持生活，但是在一次意外中奶牛死了，约翰逊先生不得不想其他办法继续生活。他一边种药草和蔬菜，一边砍树去集上卖木头。上帝在给他关上了一扇门的时候，又给他打开了一扇门。
41．a 句意：他拥有一个农场，这个农场看起来都快废弃了。a 是不定冠词，表示泛指一个，修饰可数名词单数。根据文意可知，约翰逊先生和家人住在树林里，他拥有一个农场。故填a。
42. Luckily 句意：幸运的是，他还有一头奶牛，每天都能产奶。luckily副词，幸运的是。根据文意可知，约翰逊先生的农场很破旧，都快要废弃了。但是还有奶牛每天都产奶，能让他维持生存，所以这是一件幸运的事。这里用副词形式修饰整个句子。
43．for 句意：他去附近的镇里卖牛奶，或是用牛奶来换其他的食物。本句话中exchange 的意思是交换，根据句意可知，约翰逊先生用牛奶来换其他的食物。这里是用短语exchange...for...，故填介词for。
44．was left 句意：他去附近的镇上卖牛奶，或是用牛奶来换其他的食物，用剩下的牛奶制作奶酪和黄油。leave离开，剩下，留下。根据文意可知，约翰逊先生一家靠农场里的奶牛产奶来生活。除去卖掉的和换其他食物的牛奶，剩下的他就用来制作奶酪和黄油。这里what was left是一个宾语从句，根据句意可知用被动语态。
45．when 句意：一天，奶牛正在吃草，这时突然开始下起大雨。when是并列连词，意思是“正在这时”。这句话使用的句型是be doing sth. when...，正在做某事这时……。
46．fell 句意：在慌忙逃跑的时候，奶牛摔下了山死了。fall摔倒，掉下来，根据文意可知，这篇短文使用的是一般过去时态，故这里填过去式fell。
47．without 句意：奶牛死了，约翰逊先生不得不继续生活。without除……外，没有。根据文意可知，奶牛在慌忙躲雨的时候，不小心摔死了，因此约翰逊先生就没有了可供谋生的奶牛。故填without。
48．to sell 句意：因为这些药草和蔬菜需要花费时间来生长，约翰逊先生就开始砍树来卖木头。sell卖，销售。根据文意可知，约翰逊先生一边种植药草和蔬菜，一边砍树去卖掉木材。这里用动词不定式形式在句中做目的状语。
49．where 句意：丰收的时候，他已经在人们定期赶集的市场上去卖药草、蔬菜和棉花了。where 在这里引导的是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the market。
40．him 句意：现在看来好像他的农场是非常有潜能的，奶牛的死也似乎给他带来了好运气。It occurred to sb. that...某人突然发现……，这是一个固定句型，因为这篇短文讲述的是约翰逊先生，故填him。
Wang Peng and Yong Hui are couples. Before they got married, they opened their own restaurants and competed each other. Wang Peng thought his meal was good and his restaurant ought to be full of people, people went to a newly opened restaurant belonging to Yong Hui.
Curiosity drove him inside restaurant. But there were few choices of food and drink on the menu, which people slim. He couldn’t have Yong Hui away with telling people lies. After doing research on, he realized what was wrong with her restaurant. Then he won his customers back by using a discount and a new sign. But Yong Hui came to his restaurant glaring him angrily. Wang Peng thought her menu was too ， and advised her to try a meal. They chatted and thought they should combine their and provide a balanced diet with food full of energy and fibre. After some time, they cooperated and got married, working and living together .
参考范文：
Dear Jane，
I’m glad to receive your letter. But at the same time, I’m sorry to hear that you are not very well these days. In your letter you asked me how to stay healthy. Here is my advice.
Firstly, you should keep a balanced diet. You should avoid eating food high in fat and too much sweet food. You’d better eat more fresh vegetables and fruits. Secondly, taking exercise every day helps build (up) a strong body. Why not take more exercise in your spare time? As we all know, regular exercise is an important part of keeping us healthy. Finally, make sure you have enough sleep and you mustn’t stay up too late at night.
By eating properly and exercising regularly, you can keep your body at a proper weight and stay healthy. I truly hope my advice is helpful and you’ll get well soon.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Unit 2 Healthy eating
本单元的中心话题是“健康饮食”。教材通过讲述王鹏和雍慧开饭店的不同风格、经营的不同菜肴以及顾客对不同仪器的不同反应，反映了现代人对饮食的关注和对时尚的追求，让学生在趣味盎然的故事情节中轻松了解饮食与健康方面的有关知识并且能根据所学知识审视自己、审视食物，提高自己饮食方面的意识，领司膳食平衡对身体健康的作用。
1. Warming Up 部分通过图片和表格向学生展示食物的分类方法，探讨各种食物对人体的作用，然后通过询问学生的个人饮食习惯来引导学生关注膳食平衡。
2. Pre-reading部分设计题：What do you think should go into a good meal? 通过对不同食物的讨论，调动学生的相关知识背景，列出菜单。然后让学生根据文章标题和插图来预测内容。
3. Reading 部分主要讲述王鹏伟和咏慧开餐馆竞争的故事。文章结尾一句话The competition between the two restaurants was on! 给读者留下了悬念, 引起学生极大兴趣,使学生有继续阅读的欲望。
4. Comprehending设置六个练习， 帮助学生更好地理解阅读课文的内容。
5. Learning about Language 中的Discovering useful words and expressions主要让学生通过上下文在语篇中学习词汇，在语境中感悟其用法。Discovering useful structures让学生在文章中找出含有情态动词的句子并标出其功能，使学生不仅复习了情态动词的用法，更主要的是通过他们亲自动手、动脑、动笔，锻炼学生的鉴别能力和自主学习能力，克服了那些单纯学习英语结构的弊病。
6. Using Language分为三部分：
Listening 部分是主体阅读文章内容的继续，主要讲述鹏伟到图书馆查寻资料，发现他和咏慧的饭店提供的食物都存在片面性，从中学到许多有关健康食品的知识。通过听，学生了解到哪些是能量食品（energy-giving foods），哪些是健身食品（body-building foods），哪些是保健食品（protective foods），还有两家餐馆所提供食物的营养和作用。
Reading and discussing 部分继续讲述故事，经过一段磨合，鹏伟和咏慧将菜单合并，决定合作，提出为顾客提供既有能量又有纤维的食品。富有戏剧性的是, 最后两人结婚，共同经营这家饭店。整个故事不仅让学生在阅读中感受到故事的趣味性，还教会了他们如何改变饮食习惯，改善饮食结构，丰富饮食文化。
Speaking and writing 部分让学生就如何经营餐馆相互提出建议和意见，然后用英文写一篇宣传介绍新开的餐馆以及提供的服务。使学生将书本所学的知识运用到实际生活中，锻炼其口语和书面表达能力。
1. Language skills
(1) To be able to get the main idea from the text.
(2) To be able to use the different learning strategies for different reading purposes.
2. Emotion attitude
To have the correct emotion and purpose of learning English.
3. Learning strategies
(1) To be able to solve the problem by analysing.
(2) To communicate learning experience with teacher and classmates.
4. Culture awareness
To know the healthy eating by learning English.
1. Teaching important points
(1) To be able to get the main idea from the text.
(2) To be able to solve the problem by analysing.
2. Teaching difficult point
To be able to use the different learning strategies for different reading purposes.
Key words and phrases：
I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so Crazy about everything to do with nature.
diet, nut, bean, pea, cucumber, eggplant, pepper, mushroom, peach, lemon, balance, barbecue, mutton, roast, fry, stir-fry, ought, bacon, slim, curiosity, hostess, raw, vinegar, lie, customer, discount, weakness, strength, consult, fibre, digest, carrot, debt, glare, spy, limit, limited, benefit, breast, garlic, sigh, combine, balanced diet, ought to, lose weight, get away with, tell a lie, win…back, earn one’s living, in debt, spy on, cut down, before long, put on weight
Analysis, brainstorm
Reading and discussion
Cooperative learning and speaking
A recorder, a computer, multi-media
Step One: Leading-in
Free talk: Something about breakfast, lunch, supper.
Let the Ss talk about it as many as they can.
Step Two: Warming up
Review the words of foods by showing their pictures. First, ask students to list the foods they like best. Then tick off 3 of them they eat most often. Second, show the three groups of foods and see which group their foods belong to. Third, ask the students to tell us in what ways their foods help them grow.
Examine the questions after discussing the table. The first three questions are all personal ones so answers will vary. The fourth one requires knowledge. Suggested answers include:
If you eat too much energy-giving foods you will become fat and suffer from high blood pressure.
If you eat too much body-building food you will grow taller and stronger but not necessarily healthier.
If you eat too much protective foods for every meal you may lack energy. However without protective food (over a long period of time) you can get serious illnesses like scurvy (lack of vitamin C) or rickets (lack of vitamin D).
If you don’t eat enough food of any of the three kinds you may get anorexia (too thin).
Step Three: Pre-reading
Get the students to discuss the questions with their partners in this part. Then ask them to report their work. This part will help the students understand the text.
T: Please look at the slide show and discuss the questions with your partners. Then I’ll ask you to report your work. Are you clear?
Which food contains more…
Examples of foods
Answer
Sugar
Chocolate or grapes
Cakes or bananas
Chocolate
Cakes
Fat
Cream or rice
Chocolate or chicken
Cream
Chocolate
Fiber
Peas or nuts
Pork or cabbage
Nuts
Cabbage
protein
Potato crisps or ham
Eggs or cream
Ham
eggs
Conclusion: A good meal should contain some food from each of the three categories above.
Step Four: While-reading
Fast-reading
Task1 main idea
In this part ask the students to read the text quickly for the first time and find out the main idea of the text. Then ask them to read the text again carefully to obtain some details. Finish exercise 4 on P11
Part 1: Wang Peng is worried because his restaurant is not as full as it usually is.
Part 2: He follows his friend to a newly opened restaurant which is very popular.
Part 3: Worried, he does some research to win his customers back.
Careful reading
Task1 answer the questions
1. What were the menus in the two restaurant?
2. What was the weakness of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant?
3. What was the strength of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant?
4. What was the weakness of the diet in Yong Hui’s restaurant?
5. What was the strength of the diet in Yong Hui’s restaurant?
Task2 Explain the following sentences or parts of sentences
Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.
Task2 Fill in the blanks
By lunchtime, Wang Peng’s restaurant ________ be full of people, but not today! When he was thinking what had happened, he saw his friend hurry by. He followed him into a new restaurant. He saw a sign: Want to __________? ________ drove him inside. The ______ is a very thin lady, named Yong Hui. She gave him a menu with only a few choices: _____ vegetables served in ______, fruit and water.
On his way home, he thought about his own menu. He go to library to find his menu served ____________ fat. Though customers _______after eating Yong Hui’s food, they are not giving enough energy-giving food. And they would become tired very quickly. He thought with a ________ and a new sign he could _____ his customers back.
Step Five: Post-reading
Task3: Discussion
What makes a balanced diet?
What is wrong with the diets of both Wang Peng and Yong Hui?
Why does it matter if you only eat at Wang’s or Yong Hui’s restaurant?
What do you think Wang Peng will provide to win his customers back?
How do you think the story will end?
Task 4: Retelling the story
A Sample:
Wang Peng is worried because his customers are not coming to his restaurant as they usually did. He follows his friend to a newly opened restaurant which offers to make people thin in two weeks. Worried, he does some research and tries to win his customers back.
Step Six: Language points
1. Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.
feeling very frustrated在这里是用动词的-ing形式做伴随状语。
Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.
She stood by the door, not daring to say a word.
She walked in the street, singing softly to herself.
动词的-ing形式在句中作状语还可以表时间、原因、条件、方式等。
While crossing the street, you must be careful. (时间)
Having no place to go, he wandered in the empty street. (原因)
Most of us, being so excited, could not go to sleep last night. (原因)
Working hard, you will succeed. (条件)
The boy came running into he house. (方式)
frustrated adj. 灰心的, 沮丧的 (修饰人)
I felt frustrated at that time.
frustrating adj. 令人灰心的, 令人沮丧的 (修饰物、事件)
Watching the movie to learn English is frustrating because the people speak too quickly.
类似的还有:
interesting
disappointing
interested
disappointed
They all felt _____ after I told them the __B____ news.
A. frustrating, frustrated
B. frustrated, frustrating
C. frustrated, frustrated
D. frustrating, frustrating
2. His restaurant ought to be full of people.
ought to
1) 表示一种道义上的责任，应该
She ought to look after her child better.
You ought to study hard to get a high mark.
2) ought to have done 表示“本应该……，而却没有……”
You ought to have come yesterday.
3. He thought of his mutton, beef and bacon cooked in the hottest, finest oil.
cooked in the hottest, finest oil在这里是动词的过去分词短语做定语，相当于定语从句which were cooked in ……。
He is reading a novel written (= which was written) by Lu Xun.
Some of the people invited (= who have been invited) to the party can’t come.
4. Nothing could have been better.
比较级与否定词连用表示最高级。
= All his food could have been the best.
I have never seen a better film.
Your story is perfect. I’ve never heard a better one before.
I can’t agree more.
Mr. Stevenson is great to work for — I really couldn’t ask for a ___A__ boss. (2011大纲全国)
A. better B. good
C. best D. still better
解析：句意：为史蒂文森先生工作非常好 --- 我实在不能找到一位比他更好的老板了。比较级与否定词连用表示最高级含义。故选A。
— How’s your new babysitter?
— We __D__ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much. （2011浙江）
A. should B. might
C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
解析：由All our kids love her so much.可知，前面的句子应表示肯定意义，又由于句中出现了better这一比较级的单词，所以空格处用否定形式，构成“形容词的比较级与否定词连用表示最高级含义”的结构。
5. Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by.
see / hear sb do sth. 看见或听见某人做了某事 (动作的全过程)
see / hear sb doing sth. 看见或听见某人正在做某事 (动作的一部分)
感官动词see、 hear、 notice、 watch、 feel 等用法相同。
I saw him put everything in his bag and go out.
我看见他把所有东西都装进了口袋走了出去。
I saw him putting something in his bag.
我看见他正向口袋里装东西。
1) We watched them ________ (get) off the bus, ________ (cross) the street and _________ (disappear) among the people.
2) Suddenly we heard someone ________ (cry) for help.
6. Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
must have happened是must + have + p.p.结构，表示对过去某事的肯定猜测。
Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night.
They must have arrived there by now, haven’t they?
Jack described his father, who ___D____ a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man. (2010安徽)
A. would be B. would have been
C. must be D. must have been
解析：句意为“杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人，他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢” 。用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。答案选D。
— Guess what? I have got A for my term paper.
— Great! You ___C___ read widely and put a lot of work into it. (2007上海)
A. must B. should
C. must have D. should have
解析：由have got A可知是对过去发生事情的推测，故用“情态动词+have done”结构。must have done表示“必定做过某事”，C符合题意。
must / may / might + have done
表对过去动作、事实、状态的推测
He must have arrived already.
他一定已经到了。
They may / might have seen him.
他们可能见到过他。
could/can + have done 表埋怨, 能做的没做
You can have given me the book earlier.
你本来可以早点把书给我的。
should / ought to + have done 表埋怨, 该做的未做
He should/ought to have done the work himself.
这个工作他是应该自己做的。
7. Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight?
完整的句子是：Are you tired of all that fat?
be / get tired of 对......厌倦
I’m tired of the food here.
He is tired of doing the same thing all year round.
tired out 筋疲力尽
I was tired out when I finally reached the top of the mountain.
tired from 因…而疲倦
I was very tied from running fast.
lose weight 体重减轻；减肥
put on / gain weight 增加体重
keep weight 保持体重
I don’t think you need to lose weight.
Have you put on weight recently?
8. Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.
drive在这里是“驱使；迫使”的意思。
How can I drive away these feelings of sadness?
He drove her to admit it.
Loneliness almost drove her mad.
9. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
have sb. doing sth.
让某人(一直)做某事
I won’t have you waiting long.
注意：
(1) have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
If you have me stay, I will stay.
have + sth. (宾语)+ done 让/叫/使/请别人做某事
I had my hair cut yesterday.
(2) have sth. to do 有某事要做
I have a lot of homework to do tonight.
Practice:
1. 这个病人准备请 / 叫 / 让人量体温。
The patient is going to have his temperature taken.
2. 别让狗狂吠不停。
Don’t have the dog barking.
3.我要让王叔叔修理我的电视机。
I will have Uncle Wang repair my TV.
4.别整天让孩子整天学习。
Don’t have children studying all day.
get away with 侥幸逃脱(惩罚)
I won’t let him get away with that excuse.
How did she get away with cheating?
She can get away with anything.
I don’t see how you can get away with your duty to clean your bedroom.
Practice:
After that he knew he could _____ any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.
A. get away with B. get on with
C. get through D. get across
答案：C
解析：分析四个选项的意思。get away with 侥幸逃脱； get on with 与……有好相处； get through接通，顺利通过，完成；get across 被理解，越过。
The competition between the two restaurants was on!
on作副词与be连用时，可以表示以下几个意思：
(1) (电灯、水等)开着
The lights were all on.
(2)正在进行，举行
The TV is always on in their house.
(3)上演，演出
What’s on at the movies?
The film had been on for five minutes when I got to the cinema.
运用
一、根据句意和所给单词或首字母提示, 用单词的正确形式填空。
1. Little Edison always asked various questions and his teacher found it was hard to satisfy his ________ (curious).
2. The boy was badly ill and had a poor ________ (digest).
3. I often buy food at the grocery, so I’m a regular c________ of the store.
4. No one is _______ (slim) than you in our class.
二、请从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语, 并用其正确形式填空。
1. She’s starving herself trying to __________.
2. How can I __________ the things she has?given to the other person?
3. Young people usually have more ______ than the old.
4. They give 10% _________ for cash payment.
5. To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a(n) _________ diet.
三、翻译
1. 艾丽斯为她在中国所看到的一切感到吃惊。(be amazed at)
_______________________________________________________
2. 李磊想知道是否应该把前一天晚上发生的事告诉老师。(wonder)
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
3. 任何人违法都不能免于惩罚。 (get away with)
_______________________________________________________
4. 那名工人失去平衡，从墙上掉了下来。 (balance)
_______________________________________________________
参考答案：1. Alice was amazed at everything she saw in China.
Li Lei wondered if he should tell his teacher what had happened the night before.
Anyone who breaks the law can’t get away with it.
The worker lost his balance and fell off the wall.
Step Seven: Grammar
1. must和have to的用法
have to的含义与must相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但have to有各种形式，随have的变化而定。must与have to有下列几点不同： 1)?must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要。如： The play is not interesting. I really must go now. 这戏没趣，我真的现在必须走了。 I had to work when I was your age.当我在你的年龄的时候，我就不得不工作了。 2) must一般只表现在，have则有更多的时态形式。 3) 二者的否定意义不大相同。如： You mustn’t go. 你可不要去。 You don’t have to go. 你不必去。 4) 询问对方的意愿时应用must。如： Must I clean all the room? 我必须打扫整个房间?
【经典考例】
1) You____ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.
A. must B. mustn’t C. have to D. don’t have to (2010湖南卷)
2) "You ____ have a wrong number," she said. "There’s no one of that name here."
A. need B. can C. must D. would (2010浙江卷)
3) You park here! It’s an emergency exit.
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t (2010重庆卷)
4) If you _____ go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A. can B. may C. must D. will （2011辽宁卷）
5) It _____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.
A. may B. can C. must D. should (2009上海卷)
2.?ought to的用法 1）表义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务等该做），口气比should稍重。? You?are?his?father.?You?ought?to?take?care?of?him.?你是他父亲，应当管他。? You?oughtn’t?to?smoke?so?much.?你不应该抽这么多烟。? 2）表推测，暗含很大的可能，语气较弱。? Han?Mei?ought?to?know?his?telephone?number.?韩梅该知道他的电话号码。? There′s?a?fine?sunset;?it?ought?to?be?a?fine?day?tomorrow.?今天有晚霞，明天应该是个好天。? 3)?表示推测。注意与must表示推测时的区别： He must be at home by now. （断定他已到家） He ought to be home by now. （不十分肯定） This is where the oil must be. （比较直率） This is where the oil ought to be. （比较含蓄） 4) “ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而实际未做。如： You ought to（should）have asked him (but you didn’t). 你应该问他的，但是你没有。 【指点迷津】ought to和should
ought to 和 should 意思大致相同，但有细微差别。 ① ought to 多反映客观情况，表示根据法律，义务＂应当＂，比should 语气强 should 表示主观看法，一种建议，劝说。
② ought to 当应该讲时，比should 语强，当必须讲时，没有must语气强。 ③ ought to的否定式needn’t表示某动作或事情没有必要做，oughtn’t to表示某动作或事情是错误的于，shouldn’t 大体一致，但语气更强。 ④ 表示可能性，推测）可能，该等意思时，两者的意思相同。如： I think they should/ought to be there by now. 我想他们现在改在那里了．
【经典考例】
1) He _____ be studying for his exam. He shouldn’t be spending all his time on the beach.
A. have to B. ought to C. may D. need
2) I_____ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams.
A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t (2010山东卷)
3) Tom ought not to _____ me your secret, but he meant no harm. ? A. have told?? B. tell?????C. be telling???? D. having told 4) There _____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t (2005上海卷)
5) 一Turn off the TV, Jack. ____ your homework now?
一Mum, just ten more minutes, please.
A. Should you be doing B. Shouldn’t you be doing
C. Couldn’t you be doing D. Will you be doing（2007辽宁卷）
3.?need 和 dare 的用法 1) need表示“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to,或should代替。如： You needn’t come so early. 你不必那么早来。 —?Need I finish the work today? 我需要今天完成工作吗？ —?Yes, you must.是的，你必须。 2) needn’t + 不定式的完成式“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”。如： You needn’t have waited for me. 你本来不必等我的。 3) dare作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。如： How dare you say I’m unfair.你怎敢说我不公平。 He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he? 你不敢在这么个人群前说英语，是吗？ 4) need 和 dare 作情态动词和其作实义动词用法的区别：
dare和need常用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化，所不同的是，作实义动词时，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接带to的不定式，在否定和疑问句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。如： I dare not go home alone at night.. He does not dare (to) answer. I wondered how he dared (to) say that. He needs to finish it this evening.
You needn’t worry. = You don’t need to worry.
[注意] needn’t = don’t have to 不必
【经典考例】
1) I _____ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. daren’t D. needn’t (2011上海卷)
2) Mark _____ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t(2010天津卷)
3) You ___ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
A. needn’t to come B. don’t need come C. don’t need coming D. needn’t come.
4) I wonder how he ___ that to the teacher.
A. dare to say B. dare say C. not dare say D. dared say
4.?used to，had better，would rather的用法 1) used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，在间接引语中，其形式可不变。如： He told us he used to play football when he was young. 他告诉我小时候常踢足球。 【注意】
①在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中，可有两种形式： 疑问句?Did you use to go to the same school as your brother? ?Used you to go to the same school as your brother? 否定句?I usedn’t to go there. ?I didn’t use to go there. Usedn’t 亦可拼作usen’t，但发音皆为[ju:znt]。 否定疑问句?Usen’t you to be interested in the theatre? ?Didn’t you use to be interested in the theatre?
②其反意疑问句或简略回答中，也有两种形式： She used to be very fat, didn’t she? （正式）/ use(d)n’t she? （口语） Did you use to play chess? Yes, I did. Used you to get up early in the morning? Yes, I did. (Yes, I used to.) 2) had better意为“最好”，后接不带to的不定式。如： —?We had better go now. 我们最好现在走。 —?Yes, we had (we’d better / we had better).是的，我们最好是这样。 Hadn’t we better stop now? (Had we better not stop now?) I think I’d better be going. （用于进行时态，表“最好立即”） 【注意】You had better … 用于同辈或小辈，对长辈不可用。 3) would rather意为“宁愿”，表选择，后接不带to的不定式。如： Which would you rather do, go to the cinema or go for a meal? 你宁愿看电影还是去吃饭？
I’d rather not say anything.我宁愿不说什么。
Would you rather work on a farm? 你愿意在农场工作吗？
【归纳拓展】
①由于would rather表选择，因而后可接than。如： I would rather watch TV than go to see the film.我宁愿看电视，也不愿看电影。
They would rather die than surrender.他们宁死也不降。 ②would rather后可接宾语从句，表示和现在事实相反的愿望，从句中常用动词的过去式。
I’d rather you didn’t talk about this to anyone. （句中的’d rather不是情态动词，would在此是表愿望的实义动词）
【经典考例】
1) George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_____ more on its culture.
A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused (2010江苏卷)
2) —What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
—You _____ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.
A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t (2007重庆卷)
3) In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than _______.
A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be (2007安徽卷)
4) It’s freezing outside. You ___ put on your overcoat.
A. had better to B. had better C. would better D. would better to
Step Eight: Writing
怎样写劝说性书信？
【写作指导】
本单元要求写劝说性书信（persuasive writing）。这类短文通常分为三部分：一、介绍文物的名称、年代、发现的时间、地点；二、描述文物的特征；三、介绍文物的主要作用。
劝说性书信的写作步骤：1. 呈现写作目的。2. 描述对方的问题、观点和态度。3. 给出劝说性的理由。4. 总结。
观点陈述类文章，一般是就某一话题或热点问题阐述自己的观点或看法。从文体上来讲属于议论文的范畴。因此，该类文章的写作，要符合议论文的要求和文体特点，即要有论点、论据和论证三大要素。写作时要做到：观点明确，态度鲜明，使读者一目了然；论据充分，确切，使人信服；论证合乎逻辑。
常用词汇： persuade; change; attitude; opinion; decide/decision; insist; personal; however; carious. benefit; stressed; therefore; realize; improve; stick to; give up; what’s more; on the contrary; be aware of; as a result。
这类短文的常用句型有：
1. I’m writing to persuade you to …
2. I’m more than glad to hear from you but surprised that you …
3. I hear you have decided to... and I’d like to express my own opinions.
4. First of all, I think it would be better if you … because …
5. If I were you, I wouldn’t hesitate to … and …
6. You’d better think it over before you make a final decision because …
7. On the other hand, you would probably suffer from …
8. I do hope you can take my advice into consideration and make a final decision.
9. I sincerely hope you can seize the chance and … because you have been looking forward to …
写作示例：
假设你是李华，在出国交流学习期间，到当地一家电影院看了一场精彩的电影，但在观影过程中发现了一些问题。请你根据下列提示用英语给影院经理写一封信。
因广告过多，影片放映晚点；
影片播放音量过大；
安全出口标识不明，存在安全隐患；
适当结尾。
注意：1.词数：80～120； 2.可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯；
3.信的开头已为你写好（不计入词数）。
参考词汇：安全出口－exit 安全隐患－potential safety hazard
Dear Manager,
I’m an exchange student from China. Yesterday, I went to your cinema to see a film. The film was very good, but
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
写作指导：
一. 认真审题，确定写作要点和文章结构：
开头对提出的问题进行分析引论及提出观点：在观影过程中发现了一些问题。
运用足够的事实依据对所提出的论点进行论证。本文具体为那些问题，以及由此会产生的后果。
结论(Conclusion): 对文章整体进行概括、总结，得出自己的观点：希望经理对这些问题进行改进。
内容要点为：
1.观影过程中发现了一些问题；
2.因广告过多，放映晚点；
3.影片播放音量过大；
4.安全出口标识不明，存在安全隐患；
5.适当结尾。
二. 组词造句，组句成篇。
在明确了内容要点和文章结构之后，要考虑如何组织材料，也即是论证的方式，还应考虑文章的时态、语态等。述说过去的事实时，可用过去时态, 预测将来时，要用将来时态。
可根据行文的需要，必要时添加连词，增设过渡句，按适当的顺序将写好的句子组合成短文。
One Possible Version:
Dear Manager,
I’m an exchange student from China. Yesterday, I went to your cinema to see a film. The film was very good, but I did not enjoy it because there were some problems in the cinema.
First, the film was delayed as there were so many advertisements at the beginning. It was rather annoying. Second, the sound of the film was so loud that I could hardly bear it. Third, the EXIT signs could not be seen clearly, which presented potential safety hazards. And if something terrible should happen, it would be difficult for people to get out quickly.
As a visitor to your city, I’m disappointed with my experience in your cinema. I’m writing the letter in the hope that you can consider these problems and make some improvements.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
Step
Step Nine: Homework
1. Make a dialogue according to the expressions in Talking in Workbook.
2. Review the story and find out the sentences containing modal verbs.
3. Writing
If you and your friends go out to have a meal, which restaurant will you go? Will you go to Wang Peng’s restaurant or Yong Hui’s restaurant? And give the reasons.
略
课件84张PPT。Free TalkWhat do you usually have for breakfast?What do you usually have for lunch?What do you usually have for supper?Leading-inWhat do you usually have for breakfast?fried dumplingssteamed dumplings pan caketwisted cruller What do you usually have for lunch?steamed breadshrimpmeatfishriceWhat do you usually have for supper?spaghettidumpling porridge noodles What do you think about making a healthy meal?
Why are you so strong / weak / fat / thin? Does it have anything to do with your diet?
Do you think you are eating a balanced diet?
What is a balanced diet in your opinion? Warming up There are no healthy or unhealthy foods
— only healthy or unhealthy diets.fruit ＆ vegetablesbread, other cereals ＆potatoesmeat, fish ＆ alternativesfoods containing fat, foods ＆ drinks containing sugarmilk ＆ dairy foodsA balanced diet simply means a bit of everything, including meat, fish, vegetables and fruit. A balanced diet must contain carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamins, mineral salts and fibre. It must contain these things in the correct proportions.carbohydrates: these provide a source of energy.
proteins: these provide a source of materials for growth
and repair.
fats: these provide a source of energy and contain fat
soluble vitamins.
vitamins: these are required in very small quantities to
keep you healthy.
mineral salts: these are required for healthy teeth, bones,
muscles etc..
fibre: this is required to help your intestines fun_ction
correctly; it is not digested.If we don’t eat a balanced diet, what may happen?too fat too thin Which is healthy food and which is junk food?Pre-reading What is the main idea of the passage?It introduces two unbalanced diets through the story of Wang Peng and Yong Hui.While-reading Fast-readingRead carefully and find out the main idea of each paragraph.Para 1Wang Peng’s menu and the popularity of his restaurantPara 2Para 3Para 4Finding Yong Hui’s restaurantYong Hui’s restaurant and menuWang Peng’s research1. What were the menus in the two restaurant?
2. What was the weakness of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant?
3. What was the strength of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant?
4. What was the weakness of the diet in Yong Hui’s restaurant?
5. What was the strength of the diet in Yong Hui’s restaurant? Answer the questionsCareful reading1. What were the menus in the two restaurants?Wang Peng’s menu contained mutton kebabs, roast pork, fried rice and so on.
Yong Hui’s menu contained raw vegetables, fruit and water.2. What was the weakness of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant?His diet did not give enough foods containing fibre.3. What was the strength of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant?The diet provided plenty of energy.4. What was the weakness of the diet in Yong Hui’s restaurant?The diet did not give enough energy foods.5. What was the strength of the diet in Yong Hui’s restaurant?The diet provided plenty of fibre foods.Explain the following sentences or parts of sentences.Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.Li Chang always came to his restaurant so if he did not, it meant that something serious had happened to stop him.He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!He did not want Yong Hui to tell lies and people to believe her.3. Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.If he gave his customers lower prices and advertised the benefits of his menu, perhaps his customers would return.By lunchtime, Wang Peng’s restaurant ________ be full of people, but not today! When he was thinking what had happened, he saw his friend hurry by. He followed him into a new restaurant. He saw a sign: Want to __________? ________ drove him inside. The ______ is a very thin lady, named Yong Hui. She gave him a menu with only a few choices: _____ vegetables served in ______, fruit and water. ought tolose weightCuriosityhostessrawvinegarFill in the blanksOn his way home, he thought about his own menu. He go to library to find his menu served ____________ fat. Though customers _______after eating Yong Hui’s food, they are not giving enough energy-giving food. And they would become tired very quickly. He thought with a ________ and a new sign he could _____ his customers back. far too muchget thindiscountwin4. What do you think Wang Peng will provide to win his customers back?5. How do you think the story will end?3. Why does it matter if you only eat at Wang’s or
Yong Hui’s restaurant?1. What makes a balanced diet?2. What is wrong with the diets of both Wang Peng
and Yong Hui? DiscussionA Sample
Wang Peng is worried because his customers are not coming to his restaurant as they usually did. He follows his friend to a newly opened restaurant which offers to make people thin in two weeks. Worried, he does some research and tries to win his customers back.Retelling the storyHealthy Eating Tips for Teens Your body needs certain nutrients to feel well as you go through each day. The most important meal is breakfast, even though it's probably the most difficult for many teenagers. Breakfast is even more important if you aren’t eating lunch on a regular basis, and are waiting until after school or until dinner to eat.Your body needs a daily supply of protein, complex carbohydrates, and healthy fats to get the fuel it needs for energy and optimum health.
Along with choosing and eating more healthy foods, begin to exercise each day for at least 10 to 15 minutes, unless you already have a physically active lifestyle. Whatever physical activity appeals to you, make it part of your daily routine. It will lift your spirits and improve your moods. Combine the exercise with healthy, fresh foods and you'll be surprised at how much better and more energetic you'll feel. And when you do start to age like your parents, your body will be thankful that you nurtured and cared for it so well.1. Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant
feeling very frustrated.feeling very frustrated在这里是用动词的-ing形式做伴随状语Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.
She stood by the door, not daring to say a word.
She walked in the street, singing softly to herself.Language points 动词的-ing形式在句中作状语还可以表时间、原因、条件、方式等。While crossing the street, you must be careful.
(时间)
Having no place to go, he wandered in the empty street. (原因)
Most of us, being so excited, could not go to sleep last night. (原因)
Working hard, you will succeed.
(条件)
The boy came running into he house.
(方式)frustrated adj. 灰心的, 沮丧的 (修饰人)
I felt frustrated at that time.
frustrating adj. 令人灰心的, 令人沮丧的 (修饰物、事件)
Watching the movie to learn English is frustrating because the people speak too quickly. 类似的还有:
interesting
disappointing
interested
disappointed令人感兴趣的
令人失望的
感兴趣的
失望的They all felt _____ after I told them the ______ news.
A. frustrating, frustrated
B. frustrated, frustrating
C. frustrated, frustrated
D. frustrating, frustratingB2. His restaurant ought to be full of people. ought to
1) 表示一种道义上的责任，应该She ought to look after her child better.
You ought to study hard to get a high mark.2) ought to have done
表示“本应该……，而却没有……”You ought to have come yesterday.3. He thought of his mutton, beef and bacon
cooked in the hottest, finest oil.cooked in the hottest, finest oil在这里是动词的过去分词短语做定语，相当于定语从句which were cooked in ……。He is reading a novel written (= which was written) by Lu Xun.
Some of the people invited (= who have been invited) to the party can’t come.4. Nothing could have been better. 比较级与否定词连用表示最高级。
= All his food could have been the best.I have never seen a better film.
Your story is perfect. I’ve never heard a better one before.
I can’t agree more. Mr. Stevenson is great to work for — I really couldn’t ask for a _____ boss.
A. better B. good
C. best D. still better
解析：句意：为史蒂文森先生工作非常好 --- 我实在不能找到一位比他更好的老板了。比较级与否定词连用表示最高级含义。故选A。Ａ— How’s your new babysitter?
— We ____ ask for a better one. All our kids
love her so much. （2016浙江）
A. should B. might
C. mustn't D. couldn't
解析：由All our kids love her so much.可知，前面的句子应表示肯定意义，又由于句中出现了better这一比较级的单词，所以空格处用否定形式，构成“形容词的比较级与否定词连用表示最高级含义”的结构。D5. Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by. see / hear sb do sth. 看见或听见某人做了某事 (动作的全过程)
see / hear sb doing sth. 看见或听见某人正在做某事 (动作的一部分)
感官动词see, hear, notice, watch, feel 等用法相同。 I saw him put everything in his bag and go out.
我看见他把所有东西都装进了口袋走了出去。
I saw him putting something in his bag.
我看见他正向口袋里装东西。We watched them ________ (get) off the bus,
________ (cross) the street and _________
(disappear) among the people.
2) Suddenly we heard someone ________ (cry) for help.getcrossdisappearcrying6. Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.must have happened是must + have + p.p.结构，表示对表示对过去某事的肯定猜测。 Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night.
They must have arrived there by now, haven’t they?Jack described his father, who _______ a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man.
A. would be B. would have been
C. must be D. must have been
解析：句意为“杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人，他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢”。用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。答案选D。D— Guess what? I have got A for my term
paper.
— Great! You ______ read widely and put a lot of work
into it.
A. must B. should
C. must have D. should have
解析：由have got A可知是对过去发生事情的推测，故用“情态动词+have done”结构。must have done表示“必定做过某事”， C符合题意。 must / may / might + have done
表对过去动作、事实、状态的推测 could/can + have done 表埋怨, 能做的没做You can have given me the book earlier.
你本来可以早点把书给我的。 should / ought to + have done 表埋怨, 该做的未做 He should/ought to have done the work himself.
这个工作他是应该自己做的。 He must have arrived already. 他一定已经到了。
They may / might have seen him. 他们可能见到过他。 7. Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight? I’m tired of the food here.
He is tired of doing the same thing all year round.完整的句子是：Are you tired of all that fat?
be / get tired of 对......厌倦 tired out 筋疲力尽
I was tired out when I finally reached the top of the
mountain.
tired from 因…而疲倦
I was very tied from running fast. lose weight 体重减轻；减肥
put on / gain weight 增加体重
keep weight 保持体重
I don’t think you need to lose weight.
Have you put on weight recently?8. Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.How can I drive away these feelings of sadness?
He drove her to admit it.
Loneliness almost drove her mad. drive在这里是“驱使；迫使”的意思。9. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling
people lies!have sb. doing sth. 让某人(一直)做某事 I won’t have you waiting long. (2) have + sth. (宾语)+ done 让/叫/使/请别人做某事 I had my hair cut yesterday.(1) have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 If you have me stay, I will stay. (3) have sth. to do 有某事要做 I have a lot of homework to do tonight.注意：1. 这个病人准备请 / 叫 / 让人量体温。
The patient is going to have his temperature taken.
2. 别让狗狂吠不停。
Don’t have the dog barking.
3.我要让王叔叔修理我的电视机。
I will have Uncle Wang repair my TV.
4.别整天让孩子整天学习。
Don’t have children studying all day. Practiceget away with 侥幸逃脱(惩罚)I won’t let him get away with that excuse.
How did she get away with cheating?
She can get away with anything.
I don’t see how you can get away with your duty to clean your bedroom.After that he knew he could _____ any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.
A. get away with B. get on with
C. get through D. get across
答案：C
解析：分析四个选项的意思。get away with 侥幸逃脱； get on with 与……有好相处； get through接通，顺利通过，完成；get across 被理解，越过。 Practice10. The competition between the two restaurants was on!
on作副词与be连用时，可以表示以下几个意思：
(1)(电灯、水等)开着
The lights were all on. (2)正在进行，举行
The TV is always on in their house.
(3)上演，演出
What’s on at the movies?
The film had been on for five minutes when I got to the
cinema.根据句意和所给单词或首字母提示, 用单词的正确形式填空。
1. Little Edison always asked various questions and his teacher found it was hard to satisfy his ________ (curious).
2. The boy was badly ill and had a poor ________ (digest).
3. I often buy food at the grocery, so I’m a regular c________ of the store.
4. No one is _______ (slim) than you in our class.curiosityustomerslimmerdigestion请从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语, 并用其正确形式填空。
1. She’s starving herself trying to __________.
2. How can I __________ the things she has ?given to the other person?
3. Young people usually have more ______ than the old.
4. They give 10% _________ for cash payment.
5. To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a(n) _________ diet. balance, energy, lose weight, win back, discountlose weightwin backenergydiscountbalanced Translate the sentences into English.
艾丽斯为她在中国所看到的一切感到吃惊。(be amazed at)
___________________________________________
2. 李磊想知道是否应该把前一天晚上发生的事告诉老师。(wonder)
____________________________________________
___________________________
3. 任何人违法都不能免于惩罚。 (get away with)
____________________________________________
4. 那名工人失去平衡，从墙上掉了下来。 (balance)
____________________________________________Alice was amazed at everything she saw in China. Li Lei wondered if he should tell his teacher what had happened the night before. Anyone who breaks the law can’t get away with it.The worker lost his balance and fell off the wall. must和have to的用法
have to的含义与must相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但have to有各
种形式，随have的变化而定。
must与have to有下列几点不同：
(1)?must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要。
如：
The play is not interesting. I really must go now.
这戏没趣，我真的现在必须走了。
I had to work when I was your age.
当我在你的年龄的时候，我就不得不工作了。Grammar (2)must一般只表现在，have则有更多的时态形式。
(3)二者的否定意义不大相同。如：
You mustn’t go. 你可不要去。
You don’t have to go. 你不必去。
(4)询问对方的意愿时应用must。如：
Must I clean all the room? 我必须打扫整个房间?
【经典考例】
Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it ____
be regular exercise.
A. can B. will C. must D. may (2015辽宁卷)
(2) —Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in
the Personnel Department.
—Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters. (2016北京卷)
A. might B. must C. would D. can【经典考例】
(3) Jack described his father, who _____a brave boy many years
ago, as a strong-willed man. (2016安徽卷)
A. would be B. would have been
C. must be D. must have been
(4) I have told you the truth. I keep repeating it? (2017江西卷)
A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will
(5) If you _____ go, at least wait until the storm is over. (2016辽宁卷)
A. can B. may C. must D. will【巩固练习】
(1) You_____ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.
A. must B. mustn’t C. have to D. don’t have to (2015湖南卷)
(2) “You ____ have a wrong number," she said. "There's no one of that name here.”
A. need B. can C. must D. would (2016浙江卷)
(3) You park here! It’s an emergency exit.
A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t (2016重庆卷)
(4) It _____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.
A. may B. can C. must D. should (2017上海卷)ought to的用法
1. 表示义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务等该做），口气比should稍重。
You?are?his?father.?You?ought?to?take?care?of?him.?
你是他父亲，应当管他。?
You?oughtn’t?to?smoke?so?much.?你不应该抽这么多烟。
2. 表示推测，暗含很大的可能，语气较弱。
Han?Mei?ought?to?know?his?telephone?number.
韩梅该知道他的电话号码。?
There’s?a?fine?sunset;?it?ought?to?be?a?fine?day?tomorrow.?
今天有晚霞，明天应该是个好天。? 3. 表示推测。注意与must表示推测时的区别：
He must be at home by now. （断定他已到家）
He ought to be home by now. （不十分肯定）
This is where the oil must be. （比较直率）
This is where the oil ought to be. （比较含蓄）
4.?“ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而实际未做。
如：
You ought to (should) have asked him (but you didn’t). 你应该
问他的，但是你没有。 【指点迷津】ought to和should
ought to 和 should 意思大致相同，但有细微差别。
① ought to 多反映客观情况，表示根据法律，义务“应当”，比should 语气强。
should 表示主观看法，一种建议，劝说。
② ought to 当应该讲时，比should 语强．当必须讲时，没有must语气强。
③ ought to的否定式needn't表示某动作或事情没有必要做，oughtn't to表示某动作或事情是错误的于，shouldn't 大体一致，但语气更强。
④ 表示可能性，推测）可能，该等意思时，两者的意思相同。如：
I think they should/ought to be there by now. 我想他们现在改在那里了。
情态动词need和dare
1. need表示“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, 或should代替。如：
You needn’t come so early. 你不必那么早来。
—?Need I finish the work today? 我需要今天完成工作吗？
—?Yes, you must.是的，你必须。
2. needn’t + 不定式的完成式“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”
如：
You needn’t have waited for me. 你本来不必等我的。3. dare作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，
一般不用在肯定句中。如：
How dare you say I’m unfair.
你怎敢说我不公平。
He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?
你不敢在这么个人群前说英语，是吗？ 4. need 和 dare 作情态动词和其作实义动词用法的区别。
dare和need常用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化，所不同的是，作实义动词时，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接带to的不定式，在否定和疑问句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。如：
I dare not go home alone at night.
He does not dare (to) answer.
I wondered how he dared (to) say that.
He needs to finish it this evening.
You needn’t worry. = You don’t need to worry.
【注意】needn’t = don’t have to 不必。
【高考链接】
1. I _____ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
A. mightn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t (2015天津卷）
2. I’ve ordered some pizza, so we _______ worry about cooking when we get home tired.
A. can’t B. dare not C. needn’t D. may not（2016重庆卷 ）
3. — I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we_____ bring anything with us?
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shan’t D. needn't (2015湖南卷)
4. I _____ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. daren’t D. needn’t (2015上海卷)
复合情态动词的用法
used to
had better
would ratherused to用法
1. used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，在间接引语中，其形式可不变。如：
He told us he used to play football when he was young. 他告诉我小时候常踢足球。
【注意】
① 在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中，可有两种形式：
疑问句:?
Did you use to go to the same school as your brother?
?Used you to go to the same school as your brother?
否定句:?
I usedn’t to go there.
I didn’t use to go there.
Usedn’t 亦可拼作usen’t，但发音皆为[ju:znt]。 ② 其反意疑问句或简略回答中，也有两种形式：
She used to be very fat, didn’t she? （正式）/ use(d)n’t she? （口语）
Did you use to play chess?
Yes, I did.
Used you to get up early in the morning?
Yes, I did. (Yes, I used to.) had better用法
had better意为“最好”，后接不带to的不定式。如：
—?We had better go now. 我们最好现在走。
—?Yes, we had (we’d better / we had better).是的，我们最好是
这样。
Hadn’t we better stop now? (Had we better not stop now?)
I think I’d better be going. （用于进行时态，表“最好立即”）
【注意】
You had better … 用于同辈或小辈，对长辈不可用。 would rather用法
would rather意为“宁愿”，表选择，后接不带to的不定式。如：
Which would you rather do, go to the cinema or go for a meal? 你宁愿看电影还是去吃饭？
I’d rather not say anything.我宁愿不说什么。
Would you rather work on a farm? 你愿意在农场工作吗？
【归纳拓展】
① 由于would rather表选择，因而后可接than。如：
I would rather watch TV than go to see the film.
我宁愿看电视，也不愿看电影。
They would rather die than surrender.
他们宁死也不降。
② would rather后可接宾语从句，表示和现在事实相反的
愿望，从句中常用动词的过去式。
I’d rather you didn’t talk about this to anyone.
【经典考例】
（1）George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_____ more on its culture. (2015江苏卷)
A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused
（2） —What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
—You _____ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.
A. don’t have to B . oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t
（3）In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than _______.
A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be
（4）It’s freezing outside. You ___ put on your overcoat.
A. had better to B. had better C. would better D. would better to 本单元要求写劝说性书信（persuasive writing）。这类短文通常分为三部分：一、介绍文物的名称、年代、发现的时间、地点；二、描述文物的特征；三、介绍文物的主要作用。
劝说性书信的写作步骤：1. 呈现写作目的。2. 描述对方的问题、观点和态度。3. 给出劝说性的理由。4. 总结。
观点陈述类文章，一般是就某一话题或热点问题阐述自己的观点或看法。从文体上来讲属于议论文的范畴。因此，该类文章的写作，要符合议论文的要求和文体特点，即要有论点、论据和论证三大要素。写作时要做到：观点明确，态度鲜明，使读者一目了然；论据充分，确切，使人信服；论证合乎逻辑。怎样写劝说性书信Writing常用词汇：
persuade; change; attitude; opinion;decide/decision; insist; personal; hoever; carious. benefit; stressed; therefore; realize; improve; stick to; give up; what’s more; on the countrary; be aware of; as a result。这类短文的常用句型有：
1. I’m writing to persuade you to …
2. I’m more than glad to hear from you but surprised that you …
3.I hear you have decided to... and I’d like to express my own opnions.
4. First of all, I think it would be better if you … because …
5. If I were you, I wouldn’t hesitae to … and …
6. You’d btter think it over before you make a final decision because …
7. On the other had, you would probably suffer from …
8. I do hope you can take my adive into considdration and make a final decision.
9. I sincerely hope you can seize the chance and … because you have been looking forward to …
写作示例：
假设你是李华，在出国交流学习期间，到当地一家电影院看了一场精彩的电影，但在观影过程中发现了一些问题。请你根据下列提示用英语给影院经理写一封信。
因广告过多，影片放映晚点；
影片播放音量过大；
安全出口标识不明，存在安全隐患；
适当结尾。
注意：1.词数：80～120； 2.可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯；
3.信的开头已为你写好（不计入词数）。
参考词汇：安全出口－exit 安全隐患－potential safety hazard
Dear Manager,
I’m an exchange student from China. Yesterday, I went to your cinema to see a film. The film was very good, but
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
一. 认真审题，确定写作要点和文章结构：
开头对提出的问题进行分析引论及提出观点：在观影过程中发现了一些问题。
运用足够的事实依据对所提出的论点进行论证。本文具体为那些问题，以及由此会产生的后果。
结论(Conclusion): 对文章整体进行概括、总结，得出自己的观点：希望经理对这些问题进行改进。
二. 组词造句，组句成篇。
在明确了内容要点和文章结构之后，要考虑如何组织材料，也即是论证的方式，还应考虑文章的时态、语态等。述说过去的事实时，可用过去时态, 预测将来时，要用将来时态。
可根据行文的需要，必要时添加连词，增设过渡句，按适当的顺序将写好的句子组合成短文。One Possible Version:
Dear Manager,
I’m an exchange student from China. Yesterday, I went to your cinema to see a film. The film was very good, but I did not enjoy it because there were some problems in the cinema.
First, the film was delayed as there were so many advertisements at the beginning. It was rather annoying. Second, the sound of the film was so loud that I could hardly bear it. Third, the EXIT signs could not be seen clearly, which presented potential safety hazards. And if something terrible should happen, it would be difficult for people to get out quickly.
As a visitor to your city, I’m disappointed with my experience in your cinema. I’m writing the letter in the hope that you can consider these problems and make some improvements.
Yours faithfully,
Li HuaHomework1. Make a dialogue according to the expressions in Talking in Workbook.
2. Review the story and find out the sentences containing modal verbs.
3. Writing
If you and your friends go out to have a meal, which restaurant will you go? Will you go to Wang Peng’s restaurant or Yong Hui’s restaurant? And give the reasons.
