课件18张PPT。Unit 4 Good HabitsLesson 21 Exercise!Benefits of running (跑步运动的好处)Inexpensive 花费少
Convenient 方便易行
Popular 深受欢迎
Easy to learn and participate 容易学，容易参与
A great way to exercise 一种很棒的锻炼身体方式Possible risks of running 跑步可能有的危害 Musculoskeletal injuries 肌肉骨骼损伤
Exacerbation of chronic medical conditions 慢性疾患复发或加重
Lead to medical problems (pollution). 由于其他原因（如环境污染）引发健康问题
Not suitable for everyone due to structural condition of joints and soft
tissue. 由于先天的关节及软组织结构差异，并不是每个人 都适合跑步
Extremely rare death ( Jim Fix- the father of jogging) 极罕见但发生过
死亡事例（Jim Fix——慢跑之父）
Studies have shown that novice runners reduce injuries when distance is reduced and they allow more time to adapt to a running routine. 研究表明初学者如果减少路程并且延长适应时间，将会减少受伤的可能
Although there is no optimal training load, people who run 30 miles(48K) a week have 15% less injuries than those who run 40 miles(64K) a week. 尽管不可能有人人适用的理想运动量，但每周跑30英里(48公里), 要比每周跑40英里(64公里)的人少15%的受伤机会
For the average runner, around 20 miles(30K) a week is a reasonable distance. 对于大众跑步者来说，每周跑20英里(30公里)比较适宜
Prevention is the best medicine 有效预防，远离危害
A good pace for beginners is one in which they can converse without breathlessness. 对于初学者而言，比较适宜的速度为跑步时仍能讲话，同时没有喘不过气的感觉
A walk-run program is a good introduction or a re-entry strategy. 跑步与走路相间结合的方式很适合初学及 重新开始跑步的阶段
Even for long-distance running, the walk-run program is an excellent strategy for injury prevention. 对长距离而言，跑步与走路相间结合也是一种极佳的运动方式，可以有效预防受伤的发生
Prevention is the best medicine 有效预防，远离危害 (续)
Stretching prior to event does not seem to reduce injuries. 跑步前的伸展运动并不能有效的减少受伤
A regular routine of stretching and strengthening reduces injuries. 定期做伸展训练和肌肉强化练习对防止受伤很有作用
Warming up prior to events prevents injuries. May include gentle stretching.跑步前的热身活动可以有效防止受伤，还可以加入些轻柔的伸展活动
Stretching is beneficial after running. 跑步结束后的伸展活动对身体有益
Stretching and warming up 伸展与热身
Biomechanics vary a lot among individuals. 不同个体间身体机能情况差异很大
Routine activity should not cause undue discomfort. 常规的活动一般不会导致不期而至的身体不适
Make sure shoes are good. 一定要穿适合自己的跑步鞋
Shoes are good for 500-700km (312-438 miles) .质量不错的跑鞋一般可累计持续500-700公里(312-438英里)
May need orthotics, taping, braces. 受伤时可能需要矫正材料、胶带或者吊带等
Equipment 跑步需要的装备
Hard surfaces can cause Patellofemoral Syndrome, tibial stress syndrome. 坚硬的地面会造成髌骨股骨症候群，胫骨紧张症候群
Loose surfaces are known to cause meniscal injuries. 疏松的地面可能会造成半月板受损
Not all roads lead to roam 并非所有的道路都适合跑步
Cardiac history should be evaluated 评估心脏病史
Asthma well controlled 有效控制哮喘
Other health conditions assessed (ie. DM) 了解其他健康问题（例如:糖尿病）
Medications reviewed 回顾药物治疗史
The more medical conditions, the slower the increment of exercise load 要依据健康情况调整锻炼节奏，健康问题越多，运动量的增加越要减缓
General Condition before running 跑步运动前需要考虑的 ……
No clear consensus on hydration, but a prudent number seems to be 400-800ml per hour.
关于补水量没有一致说法，谨慎的做法是每小时补充400-800毫升的水
The recommendation is more important the longer you plan to exercise.
The longer the session, the more ions matter.
The longer the session, the more food matters.
专家建议：计划中跑步时间越长，补充水离子越重要，补充食物也一样
Keeping the tank filled 准备充足的水很重要
Patellofemoral Syndrome 髌骨股骨症候群
Also known as runner’s knee 也被称为“跑步膝”
Pain in the anterior part of the knee 膝盖前端疼痛
Aggravated by descending or ascending stairs, hills 上下爬山及上下楼梯时疼痛加重恶化
Aggravated by prolonged sitting 坐久了也可加重膝盖疼痛Common problems facing runners 跑步者常遇到的问题 1
Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome 髂胫束(索)磨擦症候群
Most common cause of lateral knee pain in runners 导致膝盖侧面疼痛的主要原因
Lateral knee pain on running, cycling 跑步及骑自行车过程中出现膝盖侧面疼痛
Pain over the lateral condyle 也有踝侧面疼痛
Common problems facing runners 跑步者常见问题2
Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome 胫骨疼痛综合症
Aka Shin Splints: “外胫夹”
Pain on the posteromedial border of the tibia. 胫骨后内侧处疼痛
May be caused by hyperpronation of foot. 可能与脚的过度前旋有关
Common problems facing runners 跑步者常见问题3
Achilles Tendinopathy 跟腱机能障碍
Pain at the insertion of the Achilles tendon. 跟腱附着处疼痛
May occur with exercise, or at rest. 锻炼、休息都会发生
May have early morning pain on walking. 早晨走路时可能会疼痛
Palpable nodule over the tendon. 根腱上可触摸到节结 Common problems facing runners 跑步者常见问题4
Plantar Fascitis 足底筋膜炎
Pain at the insertion of the plantar fascia. 足底筋膜附着处疼痛
Worse on first steps in the morning. 清晨最初几步疼痛最重
Worse after prolonged sitting. 长时间坐后疼痛 也加剧
Common problems facing runners 跑步人常见问题5
Stress fracture 应力性骨折
Occurs due to repetitive loading 由于反复承受压力而产生
Microtrauma of the bone accumulates over time 骨头微创伤随时间累加
Bone remodeling unable to keep up with stress 骨头的再生跟不上所承受压力而造成的破坏
Common sites: femoral neck, tibia, fibula, calcaneus, talus, metatarsals 常见骨折发生点：股骨颈、胫骨、腓骨、跟骨、距骨和跖骨
Common problems facing runners 跑步者常见问题6
Patience, patience, patience 耐心很重要：耐心，耐心，再耐心
Relative rest 相对的适当休息
NSAID 非固醇类抗生素
Change of routine 改变日常习惯
Stretch and strengthening 做伸展活动及肌肉训练练习
Equipment: hard-sole shoes, night splints, heel cups, braces 器具协助：硬底鞋、夜间应用夹板、足跟环、吊带等General principles in treatment and recovery 跑步损伤治疗及康复Thank you!课件15张PPT。Unit 4 Lesson 21 Exercise! Step 1 学单词学单词健康的Step 2 学句子学句子Step 3Let’s chant!课后作业Step 4 课后作业谢谢同学们的观赏！课件15张PPT。Unit 4 Lesson 21 Exercise!High jumpdanceriderunDo you often exercise? Yes, I do.Look and SayWhat’s your favorite sport?Basketball.Does he exercise everyday?Yes, he does.Does he often do high jump?No, he doesn’t.Learn and say!Do you often exercise? Yes, I do. /
No, I don’t.Does he / she often run? Yes, he/she does. /
No, he/she doesn’t.Do you often do far jump? Yes, I do.Have a try!Does he often do exercise?Yes, he does.Does she often swim? No, she doesn’t.Homework根据所学知识造句Thanks, bye!
