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牛津译林版英语九年级下册
Unit4 Life on Mars第四课时教学设计
课题 Life on Mars 单元 Unit 4 学科 English 年级 9
学习目标 Knowledge aims: To learn conversion between simple sentence and complex sentence.Ability aims: Master conversion between simple sentence and complex sentence.Emotional aims: To love the nature and treasure our globe
重点 Master conversion between simple sentence and complex sentence.
难点 Master conversion between simple sentence and complex sentence.
教学过程
教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 设计意图
导入新课 一、 Present some new words. aware adj. 知道，意识到e.g. Are you aware how far Mars is away from the sun circle vt. 围绕，将一圈起来e.g. It takes Mars about two Earth years to circle around the Sun once. agreement n. 一致，同意e.g. Are scientists in agreement that living on Mars would be possible for humans in the future distance n. 距离，远处e.g. Are you aware of the distance between Mars and the sun possibility n. 可能性e.g. Do scientists agree about the possibility of living on Mars 学习新单词 扩大词汇量，导入新课。
讲授新课 一、简单句和复合句的转换我们可以用介词短语把状语从句转换成简单句，我们可以用介词把宾语从句和定语从句转换成简单句A Using adverbial clauses or simple sentencesWe can rewrite some adverbial clauses in simple sentences with at the age of, because of and without.转换时要注意时态和意思的一致性和准确性。Neil Armstrong received his student pilot’s licence When he was 16.Neil Armstrong received his student pilot’s licence at the age of 16.People might float in space because the gravity is slow.People might float in space because of the low gravity.Humans cannot survive if there is no food, water or oxygen.Humans cannot survive without food, water or oxygen.2.Daniel is writing about visiting another planet. Help him rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.Neil Armstrong took his first flight when he was only six. (at the age of)2. Yuri Gagarin became the first man to go into outer space at the age of 30.(when)3. People might move to another planet in the future because the population on the earth is increasing rapidly. (because of)4. If there is no fresh food, meals will not be as tasty as they are on the earth. (without)5. It would be funny to play football on Mars because of the low gravity. (because)6. Without special boots, you cannot walk on Mars.(if…not )Keys: 1. Neil Armstrong took his first flight at the age of six. 2. Yuri Gagarin became the first man to go into outer space when he was 30. 3. People might move to another planet in the future because of the increasing rapidly population. 4. Meals will not be as tasty as they are on the earth without fresh food. 5. It would be funny to play football on Mars because the gravity is low. 6. If you don’t have special boots, you cannot walk on Mars.三、把下面的复合句改成简单句1. He learnt to swim when he was eight years old.2. He could not go to the party because he had too much homework.3. He cannot solve this problem if he has no help.Keys: He learnt to swim at the age of eight. He could not go to the party because of too much homework. He cannot solve this problem without help.四、We can rewrite some object clauses in simple sentences with prepositions like of and about.常用的一些动词和介词的搭配有：remind somebody of…使某人想起……Be sure/certain about…对……确信The smell of the pills reminds them that food on the Earth is tasty.The smell of the pills reminds them of the tasty food on the Earth.Are they sure that space travel will be very fast Are they sure about the fast speed of space travel 五、Millie knows little about the planet Mars. She is asking Daniel for more information. Rewrite Millie’s sentences using the words in brackets. Millie: (1) Are you aware how far Mars is away from the Sun Daniel: Yes. Mars is about 142,000,000 miles away from the Sun. It takes Mars about two Earth years to cycle around the Sun once.Millie: (2) Are scientists in agreement that living on Mars would be possible for humans in the future Daniel: No. But they’re working hard to learn more about Mars.Millie: (3) Do they think that the low gravity on Mars might be a problem Daniel: Yes, they do.Millie: (4) Are you aware that transport could be like on Mars Daniel: It could be much better than that on the Earth. However, scientists aren’t sure whether people could grow plants on Mars.Millie: (5) I wonder how many people would like to move to Mars. (6) I think people should know that life on Mars would be different from that on the Earth.1. Are you aware__________ (distance) of the distance between Mars and the sun2. Do scientists agree ____________ (possibility) about the possibility of living on Mars3. Have they thought _____________(problem) about the low gravity problem4. Are you aware_________________(transport) of the transport on the Mars5. I wonder____________ (number).the number of the people who would like to move to Mars6. I think people should know__________ (differences). the differences between life on Mars and that on Earth六、把下面的宾语从句改为简单句。 1. The photos remind me that I travelled to the UK five years ago. The photos remind me of my trip to the UK five years ago.2. Are you certain that Tom is satisfied with the plan Are you certain about Tom’s satisfaction with the plan 七、We can rewrite some defining relative clauses in simple sentences with prepositions like with and in.People might live in houses which have huge comfortable rooms.People might live in houses with huge comfortable rooms.On Mars you might see people who wear special boots.On Mars you might see people in special boots.八、Simon is writing about Mars. Rewrite the defining relative clauses in simplesentences with prepositions with or in.1. Mars is a planet that has an environment similar to that of the earth. Mars is a planet with an environment similar to that of the Earth.2. Astronauts who wear space suits and helmets might stay on Mars for hours. Astronauts in space suits and helmets might stay on Mars for hours.3. It is difficult to breathe on a planet that has much thinner air than that on the Earth. It is difficult to breathe on a planet with much thinner air than that on the Earth.4. On Mars there might be people who carry air tanks on their backs. On Mars there might be people with air tanks on their backs.九、Simon is interested in stories about aliens. He even writes to aliens. Replace each of the underlined parts in his letter with another expression.Dear aliens,Humans are thinking about moving to another planet (1) because the pollution on the Earth is very serious. Many people do not doubt (2) that life on Mars would be very interesting, but I am not sure. We could not play football on Mars (3) because of the low gravity. Life would be boring for me (4) if I could not play football. Maybe this problem could be solved by building indoor playgrounds (5) which have the same football fields as those on the Earth.By the way, would strangers be welcome I hope to hear from you soon.SimonKeys: because of the serious pollution. if life on Mars would be interesting on Mars, because the gravity is low without playing football. with the same football fields as those on the Earth.十、把下面定语从句改为简单句。1. Do you know the girl who is holding two books in her hand Do you know the girl with two books in her hand 2. The man who wears a blue shirt is our English teacher. The man in a blue shirt is our English teacher.讲解中考链接(2017新疆生产建设兵团) Thanks to our teachers. ______ their help, we couldn't make such great progress. A. Without B. With C. About D. For 学习简单句和复合句的转换学习简单句和状语从句的转换。练习简单句和状语从句的转换。学习用介词of 和about把宾语从句转换为简单句。结合本单元语言知识练习用介词of 和about把宾语从句转换为简单句。练习用介词of 和about把宾语从句转换为简单句。学习用介词in 和with转换限制性定语从句为简单句。结合本单元语言知识练习用介词in 和with把限制性定语从句转换为简单句。结合本单元语言知识进行状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句的混合练习。进行定语从句转化为简单句的拓展练习。学习本知识点在中考中的考察设计。 夯实语言知识基础教会学生能用at the age of Because of Without转换状语从句通过练习巩固所学知识。学会用介词of 和about把宾语从句转换为简单句。结合本单元语言知识练习，提升用介词of 和about把宾语从句转换为简单句的能力，进一步巩固语言知识。通过变式练习，巩固和提升同学们用介词of和about转换宾语从句为简单句的能力。通过教师讲解，让学生掌握用介词in 和with转换限制性定语从句的方法。结合本单元语言知识练习用介词in 和with把限制性定语从句转换为简单句，巩固和提示语言技能。通过混合练习，进行知识的联系和比较，进一步巩固和提升对本节课语法知识点的掌握。通过拓展练习，进一步巩固和提升定语从句的转化能力。通过中考链接，提升同学们的语言运用能力和中考应考能力。
课堂小结 1.We can rewrite some adverbial clauses in simple sentences with at the age of, because of and without.2. We can rewrite some object clauses in simple sentences with prepositions like of and about.3.We can rewrite some defining relative clauses in simple sentences with prepositions like with and in. 和老师一块总结 梳理本节课所学知识，加深记忆，巩固知识。
作业 Homework复习简单句和复合句的转换。 课下巩固与课堂学习相结合。
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Unit 4 Life on Mars
Grammar
牛津译林版 九年级下
Lead-in
Let's learn some new words.
aware
例句： Are you aware how far Mars is away from the sun
例句：It takes Mars about two Earth years to circle around the Sun once.
distance
例句：Are you aware of the distance between Mars and the sun
adj. 知道，意识到
n. 距离，远处
vt. 围绕，将一圈起来
Lead-in
例句：Do scientists agree about the possibility of living on Mars
agreement
例句：Are scientists in agreement that living on Mars would be possible for humans in the future
possibility
n. 一致，同意
n. 可能性
Let's learn some new words.
语法提示
Lead-in
Let's learn some new words.
例句：
Neil Armstrong took his first flight when he was only six.
Neil Armstrong六岁的时候第一次坐飞机。
也可以说成：
Neil Armstrong took his first flight at the age of six.
flight
n.航班，飞行
We can rewrite some adverbial clauses in simple sentences with at the age of, because of and without.
Presentation
语法专讲
什么是简单句（simple sentence）？
由一个主语和一个谓语动词所组成的句子是简单句。谓语动词有及物动词、不及物动词和连系动词之分。正是谓语动词的特点决定着句子的不同结构，如连系动词后要接表语；大多数及物动词后接一个直接宾语，有的及物动词要接直接宾语和间接宾语，还有的及物动词要接复合宾语(宾语＋宾语补足语)。
简单句的五种基本句型 例 句
主句+系动词+表语 My mother is a teacher.
主语+不及物动词 Time flies.
主语+及物动词+宾语 We like English.
主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 He asked me a question.
主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补助语 I found the book interesting.
Presentation
语法专讲
什么是复合句（Complex Sentence）？
包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从属连词或关系代词引导。或者简单地说只要给一个简单句任意加上一个从句，复合句即可生成。主句是一个完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在.
在复合句中，主要包含以下类型从句：
1.主语从句 2.宾语从句 3.表语从句
4.同位语从句 5.状语从句 6.定语从句
Presentation
语法专讲
什么是The Adverbial Clause (状语从句)？
状语从句是副词性从句，其句法功能是修饰谓语或整个句子等，在句中作状语，通常由从属连词引导。
When you get off the bus, you mustn’t push others.
Didn’t he come ——Because he was ill.
Presentation
语法专讲
什么是The Attributive Clause (定语从句)
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后，对其先行词起限定作用。
This is Tom.
Tom gave us a talk yesterday.
—This is Tom who (that) gave us a talk yesterday.
Presentation
语法专讲
什么是复合句 Object Clause (宾语从句)
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
He told me that he would go to the college the next year .
他告诉我他下一年上大学.
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
Presentation
简单句和复合句如何转换？
很多复合句和简单句可以互变，意思上不发生太大的变化。在很多情况下，是将复合句里的从句变为一个短语。本节课我们主要来学习通过介词短语把状语从句、宾语从句及定语从句转换成简单句。
语法专讲
Presentation
Neil Armstrong received his student pilot’s licence When he was 16.
People might float in space because the gravity is slow.
Humans cannot survive if there is no food, water or oxygen.
People might float in space because of the low gravity.
Humans cannot survive without food, water or oxygen.
Daniel is writing about visiting another planet. Help him rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.
Neil Armstrong received his student pilot’s licence at the age of 16.
Presentation
1. Neil Armstrong took his first flight when he was only six. (at the age of)
2. Yuri Gagarin became the first man to go into outer space at the age of 30.(when)
Neil Armstrong took his first flight at the age of six.
Yuri Gagarin became the first man to go into outer space when he was 30.
Presentation
3. People might move to another planet in the future becausethe population on the earth is increasing rapidly. (because of)
4. If there is no fresh food, meals will not be as tasty as they are on the earth. (without)
People might move to another planet in the future because of the increasing rapidly population.
Meals will not be as tasty as they are on the earth without fresh food.
Presentation
5. It would be funny to play football on Mars because of the low gravity. (because)
6. Without special boots, you cannot walk on Mars.(if…not )
It would be funny to play football on Mars because the gravity is low.
If you don’t have special boots, you cannot walk on Mars.
把下面的复合句改成简单句
Practice
1. He learnt to swim when he was eight years old.
2. He could not go to the party because he had too much homework.
He learnt to swim at the age of eight.
He could not go to the party because of too much homework.
Practice
3. He cannot solve this problem if he has no help.
He cannot solve this problem without help.
We can rewrite some object clauses in simple sentences with prepositions like of and about.
Presentation
Are you aware how far Mars is away from the sun
Are you aware of the distance between Mars and the sun
常用的一些动词和介词的搭配有：remind somebody of…使某人想起……
Be sure/certain about…对……确信
Presentation
The smell of the pills reminds them that food on the Earth is tasty.
The smell of the pills reminds them of the tasty food on the Earth.
Presentation
Are they sure that space travel will be very fast
可以转换为：
Are they sure about the fast speed of space travel
Millie knows little about the planet Mars. She is asking Daniel for more information. Rewrite Millie’s sentences using the words in brackets.
Practice
Millie: (1) Are you aware how far Mars is away from the Sun
Daniel: Yes. Mars is about 142,000,000 miles away from the Sun. It takes Mars about two Earth years to cycle around the Sun once.
Millie: (2) Are scientists in agreement that living on Mars would be possible for humans in the future
1. Are you aware____________________________ (distance)
of the distance between Mars and the sun
2. Do scientists agree _____________________________(possibility)
about the possibility of living on Mars
Practice
Millie: (3) Do they think that the low gravity on Mars might be a problem
Daniel: Yes, they do.
Millie: (4) Are you aware that transport could be like on Mars
Daniel: It could be much better than that on the Earth. However, scientists aren’t sure whether people could grow plants on Mars.
3. Have they thought_________________________(problem)
about the low gravity problem
4. Are you aware_______________________________(transport)
about the low gravity problem
Practice
Millie: (5) I wonder how many people would like to move to Mars. (6) I think people should know that life on Mars would be different from that on the Earth.
5.I wonder_____________________________________(number).
the number of the people who would like to move to Mars.
6. I think people should know
____________________________________________(differences)
of the transport on the Mars
the differences between life on Mars and that on Earth
把下面的宾语从句改为简单句。
Practice
1. The photos remind me that I travelled to the UK five years ago.
2. Are you certain that Tom is satisfied with the plan
The photos remind me of my trip to the UK five years ago.
Are you certain about Tom’s satisfaction with the plan
We can rewrite some defining relative clauses in simple sentences with prepositions like with and in.
Presentation
1.People might live in houses which have huge comfortable rooms.
2.On Mars you might see people who wear special boots.
People might live in houses with huge comfortable rooms.
On Mars you might see people in special boots.
Simon is writing about Mars.Rewrite the defining relative clauses in simple sentences with prepositions with or in.
Practice
1. Mars is a planet that has an environment similar to that of the earth.
2. Astronauts who wear space suits and helmets might stay on Mars for hours.
Mars is a planet with an environment similar to that of the Earth.
Astronauts in space suits and helmets might stay on Mars for hours.
Practice
3. It is difficult to breathe on a planet that has much thinner air than that on the Earth.
4. On Mars there might be people who carry air tanks on their backs.
It is difficult to breathe on a planet with much thinner air than that on the Earth.
On Mars there might be people with air tanks on their backs.
Simon is interested in stories about aliens. He even writes to aliens. Replace each of the underlined parts in his letter with another expression.
Practice
Dear aliens,
Humans are thinking about moving to another planet
(1) because the pollution on the Earth is very serious. Many people do not doubt (2) that life on Mars would be very interesting, but I am not sure. We could not play football on Mars
(3) because of the low gravity.
because of the serious pollution.
because of the serious pollution.
because of the serious pollution.
Practice
Life would be boring for me (4) if I could not play football. Maybe this problem could be solved by building indoor playgrounds
(5) which have the same football fields as those on the Earth.
By the way, would strangers be welcome I hope to hear from you soon.
Simon
without playing football.
with the same football fields as those on the Earth.
把下面定语从句改为简单句。
Practice
1. Do you know the girl who is holding two books in her hand
2. The man who wears a blue shirt is our English teacher.
Do you know the girl with two books in her hand
The man in a blue shirt is our English teacher.
Practice
中考链接
(2017新疆生产建设兵团) Thanks to our teachers. ______ their help, we couldn't make such great progress.
A. Without B. With
C. About D. For
句意：多亏了我们的老师，没有他们的帮助，我们不能取得如此大的进步。without没有,代替状语从句If we don't have their help；with带有；about关于；for为了。
A
Summarize
1.We can rewrite some adverbial clauses in simple sentences
with at the age of, because of and without.
2. We can rewrite some object clauses in simple sentences with prepositions like of and about.
3.We can rewrite some defining relative clauses in simple sentences with prepositionslike with and in.
Homework
复习简单句和复合句的转换。
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