Module 1 Small Talk Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading-Pre-reading
In most English-speaking countries, it is normal and necessary to make “small talk” in certain situations.Small talk is a casual form of conversation that “breaks the ice” or fills an awkward silence between people.Even though you may feel shy using your second language, it is sometimes considered rude to say nothing.
Where do people make small talk?
People make small talk just about anywhere, but there are certain places where it is very common.Most often, small talk occurs in places where people are waiting for something.For example, you might chat with another person who is waiting for the bus to arrive.People also make small talk in a doctor's or dentist's waiting room, or in queue at the grocery store. At the office, people make small talk in elevators or lunchrooms and even in restrooms, especially if there is a line-up.Some social events (such as a party) require small talk among guests who do not know each other very well.It is called “mingling” when people walk around in a social setting and talk to a variety of people.
Why do people make small talk?
There are a few different reasons why people use small talk.The first, and most obvious, is to break an uncomfortable silence.Another reason, however, is simply to fill time.That is why it is so common to make small talk when you are waiting for something.Some people make small talk in order to be polite.You may not feel like chatting with anyone at a party, but it is rude to just sit in a corner by yourself.After someone introduces you to others, you do not know anything about them, so in order to show a polite interest in getting to know them better, you have to start with some small talk.
Section_ⅠIntroduction_&_Reading_—_Pre-reading
How Good Are Your Social Skills?
Have you ever crossed the road to avoid talking① to someone you recognise? Would you love to go to a party and talk confidently② to every guest? Do you want to make more friends③ but lack④ the confidence to talk to people you don't know⑤？ And are you nervous about⑥ the idea of being at a social event in another country? Don't worry — we can help you!
You needn't⑦ worry about situations⑧ like these if you have good social skills. And they are easy to learn⑨. People with good social skills communicate well and know how to have a conversation⑩. It helps if you do a little advance planning?.
Here are a few ideas to help you.
①avoid doing sth.避免做某事
avoid后接动名词作宾语，不可接动词不定式。
②confidently/'k?nfId?ntli/adv.自信地
③make friends 交朋友，建立友谊
make friends with 与……交朋友
④lack/l?k/v．缺乏，缺少
⑤you don't know为省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词people。
⑥(be) nervous about 对……神经紧张/害怕/胆怯
⑦needn't 没有必要，不必
⑧situation n．情景，情形
⑨be easy to learn 易于学习
⑩have a conversation 交谈
?advance/?d'vɑ?ns/adj.预先的，在前的
do planning 做计划，做准备
你的社交技能有多高？
[第1～3段译文]
你是否做过这样的事情：看见认识的人以后，故意过马路以避免与其说话？你是否愿意参加聚会并自信地和每位来宾交谈？你是否想结交更多的朋友但又缺乏与陌生人交谈的信心？你是否一想到要在别的国家参加社交活动就觉得忐忑不安？别担心——我们能帮助你！
如果你具备了良好的社交技能，你就不用担心这样的情景。而且这些技能是容易学习的。具备良好社交技能的人能很好地和别人交流并且知道怎样交谈。要是预先做些准备，将会对你有所帮助。
下面为帮助你出些主意。
Learn how to do small talk
Small talk is very important and prepares you for more serious conversations?. Be prepared! Have some low-risk? conversation openers ready. For example：
·think of? a recent news story — not too serious, e．g.a story about a film star or sports star
·think of things to tell people about your studies
·think of “safe” things you can ask people's opinions about? — music, sport, films, etc.
·think of topics that you would avoid if you were talking to strangers? — and avoid talking about them! That way?， you don't damage your confidence！
?prepare sb. for sth.使某人对某事有所准备
?low-risk adj.低风险的，不太会出错的
?think of 想起，回忆起
?you can ask people's opinions about为定语从句，修饰things。 引导词that或which在从句中作about的宾语，在此被省略。
?that you would avoid ... 为定语从句，修饰先行词topics; if从句中be动词用了were，这是虚拟语气的用法。
?that way作方式状语，其前面省略了介词in。
[第4段译文]
学会怎样聊天
聊天是很重要的，并能帮助你为一些更严肃的谈话做准备。准备好！准备一些不太会出错的开场白。例如：
·想出一个最近的新闻故事——不要太严肃，譬如，一个有关电影明星或体育明星的故事
·想出一些有关你学习的事情告诉别人
·想出一些“不会出错”的事情询问别人的意见——音乐、体育、电影等
·想出一些和陌生人谈话时要回避的话题——并且要避免谈论这些话题！那样， 你的自信心就不会被伤害了！
Develop? your listening skills
Listening is a skill which most people lack?， but communication is a two-way? process — it involves speaking AND listening. Always remember — you won't impress people if you talk too much. Here are some ideas to make you a better listener：
Do ...
·show that you are listening by using encouraging noises and gestures — smiling, nodding， saying “uh-huh” and “OK”， etc.
·keep good eye contact
·use positive body language
·ask for more information to show your interest
Don't ...
·look at your watch
·yawn
·sigh
·look away from the person who's talking to you
·change the subject
·finish other people's sentences for them
Always remember the words of Benjamin Disraeli, British Prime Minister in the 19th century: “Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours！”
?develop vt.提高，使……发展；培养；培育；开采；冲洗
?which引导定语从句，修饰a skill。
?two-way adj.双向的 process n．过程
involve v．涉及，牵连，常用involve doing sth.表示“涉及做某事”。
be involved in 卷入……中，涉及
be involved with 和……有联系
impress v．给……留下印象
impress sth. on sb. 使某人了解某事
impress sb. with sth. 某事给某人留下印象
encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的，激励的
encouragement n．鼓舞，鼓励，支持
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励/激励某人做某事
nod/n?d/v．点头
contact n．&v．联系，接触
keep in contact with 与……保持联系
body language 身体语言，肢体语言
ask for 要求，询问 ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物
yawn/j??n/v．打呵欠 sigh/saI/v．叹气，叹息
look away from 把目光从……移开
subject n．话题；主题
subject 还可意为“学科，科目，课程；主语”。
Prime Minister 首相
[第5～6段译文]
提高倾听的技能
倾听是大多数人所缺乏的技巧，而交流是双向的过程——它涉及说和听两个方面。永远记住——话太多并不会给人留下怎样的印象。下面是一些使你成为更好的倾听者的建议：
做下面的事情……
·用一些鼓励的声音和姿势表示你正在倾听——微笑、点头、说“嗯”或“对啊”之类的话等等
·保持得体的目光接触
·使用积极肯定的肢体语言
·询问更多的信息表示你的兴趣
不要做下面的事情……
·看自己的手表
·打呵欠
·叹气
·把目光从正跟你说话的人身上移开
·改变话题
·替别人把话说完
要牢记19世纪英国首相本杰明·迪斯累里的话：“和一个人谈论他自己，他就会和你说上几个小时！”
Learn the rules
If you go to a social occasion in another country, remember that social rules can be different. In some countries, for example， you have to arrive on time at a party; in other countries, you don't need to. In addition， you need to know how long you should stay, and when you have to leave. Some hosts expect flowers or a small gift, but in other places, you can take things, but you needn't if you don't want to. Remember also that in some countries, you mustn't take flowers of a certain colour, because they're unlucky. In most places, you don't have to take a gift to a party — but find out first！
social rules 社交规则
for example 表示举例说明，可以位于句首、句中或句末。
you don't need to 后省略了arrive on time，动词不定式符号to不可省略。
in addition 除此之外，另外，若带宾语，须先接介词to。
if you don't want to 后省略了take things。
a certain ＋单数名词，表示“某一种(个)……”。
find out 了解(到)；找出(信息)
[第7段译文]
学习规则
如果你在另一个国家去参加一个社交场合，要记住会有不同的社交规则。例如，在一些国家，你得准时参加聚会；而在另一些国家就不需要。另外，你需要知道该待多久，以及在何时必须离开。有的主人希望能得到鲜花或小礼品，而在另一些地方你可以给主人送东西，但如果你不想送就没有必要送。还有，要记住在有的国家你绝不能带某种颜色的鲜花，因为它们是不吉利的。在大多数地方，参加聚会不必带礼物——但你得事先弄清楚！
Pre-reading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．lack A．to take and then let out a long deep breath to show disappointment or sadness
2．advance B．to move your head up and down, especially in order to show agreement or understanding
3．nod C．done or given before sth. is going to happen
4．yawn D．a chance to do sth.
5．sigh E．to open your mouth wide and breathe in deeply because you are tired or bored
6．opportunity F．to have none or not enough of sth.
1～6 ____________
答案：1～6 FCBEAD
Lead-in
1．Which topic do you become interested in, small talk or serious talk?
Small_talk.
2．Try to classify the following into two kinds.
careers， cars， examinations， film stars， music， politics， sports， travels， weather， food
①Small talk：cars,_film_stars,_music,_sports,_travels,_weather,_food
②Serious talk：careers,_examinations,_politics
While-reading
Fast-reading
1．Skim the passage and choose the purpose of it.
A．To tell us how to do small talk.
B．To show how to improve our listening skills.
C．To help us deal with social events.
D．To tell us something interesting about social rules.
答案：C
2．Read the passage fast and match the parts with the main ideas of them.
Part 1 (Paragraphs 1～2) A．How to do small talk
Part 2 (Paragraph 3) B．Dos and don'ts while listening
Part 3 (Paragraphs 4～6) C．The social rules
Part 4 (Paragraphs 7～8) D．Introduction to the body of
the passage by asking questions
Part 1→； Part 2→； Part 3→； Part 4→
Careful-reading
(Ⅰ)True (T) or False (F)．
1．It is common to use small talk when you are waiting in a long line-up.__T__
2．Religion is a “safe” topic when we make small talk.__F__
3．It is rude for both children and adults not to make small talk with strangers.__F__
4．Politics is a controversial (有争议的) subject in society.__T__
5．It is rude to interrupt a conversation in order to make a small talk.__T__
(Ⅱ)Choose the best answers according to the passage.
1．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Keep good eye contact when you are listening to others.
B．Use positive body language to help you leave a good impression when you are listening to others.
C．Social rules are different from country to country.
D．Never ask for more information to show you are interested.
2．What can we learn from what Benjamin Disraeli says?
A．Talking more about the other helps make a good conversation.
B．When you are talking with each other, talk more about other people.
C．When you are talking with each other, never talk about the other.
D．Talking more about yourself will impress the other in the conversation.
3．The author thinks that ________ according to the passage.
A．the majority of people don't have good listening skills
B．when listening to the other person, you should keep silent and not get in any word
C．if you know what the speaker will say, you can speak it out for him or her
D．communication is just a matter of speaking
4．It is advised in the passage that before going to a social occasion in a foreign country, you should ________.
A．find out the social rules of the country first
B．prepare flowers or a gift
C．make sure you arrive on time
D．prepare flowers of a certain color
答案：1～4 DAAA
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Listening is a skill which most people lack, but communication is a two-way process — it involves speaking AND listening.
[句式分析] 并列连词but连接两个并列分句，第一分句中关系代词which引导定语从句修饰先行词skill；第二分句中破折号后的句子是对上文的补充说明。
[尝试翻译] 倾听是大多数人所缺乏的技巧，而交流是双向的过程——它包括说和听两个方面。
2．In addition, you need to know how long you should stay, and when you have to leave.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 另外，你需要知道该待多久，还有在何时必须离开。
3．Some hosts expect flowers or a small gift, but in other places, you can take things, but you needn't if you don't want to.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 有的主人希望能得到鲜花或小礼品，而在另一些地方你可以给主人送东西，但如果你不想送就没有必要送。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In most languages, a greeting is usually followed by “small talk”. Small talk means the little things we talk about at the start of a conversation. In English-speaking countries people often make small talk about the weather: “Nice day, isn't it？”
“Terrible weather, isn't it？” But there is something special about small talk. It must be something which both people have the same opinion about. The purpose of small talk is to let both people agree on something. This makes meeting people easier and more comfortable. People usually agree about the weather, so it is a safe topic for small talk. But people often disagree about religion or politics so these are not suitable topics for small talk in English. The topics for small talk also depend on where the conversation is taking place. At football matches, people make small talk about the game they are watching: “Great game, isn't it？” At bus stops, people may comment about the transport system: “The bus service is terrible, isn't it？”
Greetings and small talk are an important part of conversation in any language. The way people greet each other and the things they talk about, however, may be different from one language to another. This shows that there is much more to learn when we learn a language than just the vocabulary and the grammar of the language. We also have to learn the social behavior of the people who speak it.
语篇解读：本文讲述了在西方文化中，经常用small talk来开始一段对话，而且对话的内容的选择也是有一定讲究的。
1．Which of the following is the common topic over small talk for native speakers of English?
A．Politics. B．Families.
C．Education. D．Weather.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段的“In English-speaking countries people often make small talk about the weather”可知选D。
2．Why do we make small talk according to the passage?
A．To let both people argue about something.
B．To let both people agree on something.
C．To enlarge our knowledge.
D．To kill our time.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The purpose of small talk is to let both people agree on something.”可知选B。
3．The passage suggests that when we learn a language,
A．we should understand the importance of the language
B．it's necessary to learn about the culture of the country
C．we should learn about the transport system of the country
D．it's enough to grasp the grammar and vocabulary of the language
解析：选B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，要掌握一门语言，学习这个国家的文化是很必要的。
4．It can be learned from the passage that ________.
A．it's important to find a suitable small talk subject
B．small talk depends on the purpose of the conversation
C．in English-speaking countries we should talk about the weather
D．agreeing with each other is the key to a successful conversation
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据文章可知，在谈话时找到一个合适的话题是非常重要的，故选A。
B
Talking about
the weather
·Beautiful day, isn't it?
·Can you believe all of this rain we've been having?
·It looks like it's going to snow.
·It surely would be nice to be in Hawaii right now.
·I hear they're calling for thunderstorms all weekend.
·We couldn't ask for a nicer day, could we?
·How this weather?
·Did you order this sunshine？
Talking about
current events
·Did you catch the news today?
·Did you hear about that fire on Fourth Street?
·What do you think about this transit strike?
·I read in the paper today that the Sears Mall is closing.
·I heard on the radio today that they are finally going to start building the new bridge.
·How about those Reds? Do you think they're going to win tonight？
At the office
·Looking forward to the weekend?
·Have you worked here long?
·I can't believe how busy/quiet we are today, can you?
·Has it been a long week?
·You look like you could use a cup of coffee.
·What do you think of the new computers？
At a social
event
·So, how do you know Justin?
·Have you tried the cabbage rolls that Sandy made?
·Are you enjoying yourself?
·It looks like you could use another drink.
·Pretty nice place, huh?
·I love your dress. Can I ask where you got it？
Out for
a walk
·How old is your baby?
·What's your puppy's (宠物) name?
·The roses are sure beautiful at this time of year, aren't they?
·How do you like the new park?
·Nice day to be outside, isn't it？
Waiting
somewhere
·I didn't think it would be so busy today.
·You look like you've got your hands full (with children or goods)．
·The bus must be running late today.
·It looks like we are going to be here a while, huh?
·I'll have to remember not to come here on Mondays.
·How long have you been waiting？
语篇解读：本文通过表格罗列了在不同场合下闲谈的开头语。
5．What does the person mean by “I'll have to remember not to come here on Mondays”？
A．On Mondays, I have to work.
B．I have to wait long here on Mondays.
C．I hate waiting on Mondays.
D．You should come here on Mondays.
解析：选B 句意猜测题。由表格中“Waiting some- where”部分推断出，说话者的意思是星期一拥挤或需要等待很久。
6．If you ask someone “How soon is your birthday？”， you are probably ________.
A．waiting at a doctor's B．in a shopping mall
C．meeting a stranger D．at a party
解析：选D 推理判断题。只有双方有了一定的了解才有可能询问生日日期方面的信息。所以，这样的情况适合发生在某宴会上。
7．Which of the following are proper starters for a walking outside according to this passage?
A．Flowers, bad weather, shopping list.
B．High prices, baby's age, delayed buses.
C．Sunshine, buying flowers, fashion.
D．Puppies, flowers, weather.
解析：选D 总结归纳题。“Out for a walk”涵盖了选项D中的全部，而其他选项中均有该部分没有涉及的话题。
8．What's the best title for the passage?
A．Starters of Small Talk
B．Examples of Small Talk
C．How to End Small Talk
D．Good Lines
解析：选A 标题归纳题。整个表格罗列的是闲谈的开头语，没有涉及其他主题。
C
I did an experiment by talking to strangers recently. Here are some things I experienced during the experiment.
On October 9th, while visiting my family hometown for a wedding, I met a man sitting on the side of the hotel pool. We started talking. It turned out that he had just moved to the area with his family from Chicago. I told him what I knew about the community, the schools, and particular neighborhoods where he was looking to buy a house. He was grateful to me for my information. The interaction made me feel useful and valuable.
On May 20th, we had three men from a tree trimming (修剪) company visiting our house to cut back our trees. Normally, I would let them work outside without engaging them in conversation. This time, after they finished their work, I asked one of the tree trimmers, only half-joking, if they fell off trees frequently. One of the tree trimmers said that he had been climbing trees for 27 years and reported he had fallen out of a tree once and hurt his knee. I loved that conversation. I didn't always talk to someone whose job was to climb up trees, but it was interesting for learning about how they did it. I also realized I learned something new.
On May 30th, I went to an outdoor block party on Friday night, along with my wife and our 3-month-old baby. Our baby was wearing oversized noise-cancelling headphones that truly looked pretty ridiculous on a baby. When I tried to talk with others, they immediately started talking with me after seeing the baby. I found it was almost very easy to start talking with people when you had a baby with you.
All in all, I felt great about most of my interactions with strangers. Almost every interaction left me feeling a little happier. I also felt I learned new things by talking to people from different walks of life who I wouldn't normally meet.
语篇解读：作者做了一个为期21天的与闲聊有关的试验，试验结束后发现自己颇有收获。
9．The man was grateful to the author because ________.
A．he made his first friend there
B．he gained some useful information
C．the author helped him kill the time
D．the author helped him make a decision
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段的“I told him what I knew ... grateful to me for my information.”可知，那人感激作者是因为得到了一些有用的信息。
10．What did the author probably learn from the experience on May 30th?
A．Babies are great conversation starters.
B．It's inconvenient to go out with a baby.
C．People love looking at ridiculous babies.
D．It's not challenging to talk with strangers.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句可知，这次经历让作者意识到小孩是开展闲聊的利器。
11．At this experiment, the author most probably found it ________.
A．useless B．exciting
C．rewarding D．embarrassing
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据末段的叙述可推断，作者觉得这次经历很值得。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
I always wanted to travel, but I didn't know when to start.__1__ First and foremost I was afraid to do it alone. One day I decided to book tickets to places I had never been and escaped to a new part of the world for almost a year. I can tell you that being your own captain while crossing into unknown lands is the most self-developing experience. Let me explain to you why.
Free your mind. When you travel alone, the sense of having absolute freedom is amazing. Nothing frees your mind more than traveling alone. __2__ You don't have to be afraid of not living up to someone else's expectations. You get to just be yourself, so you can follow your own rhythm and desires.
__3__ Whether you're traveling in a big city, tiny remote village or in the jungle, you can meet amazing people. When you travel somewhere, you are never actually alone for very long. Being alone in a new environment opens you up to experiencing what other people have to offer and learning from them.
__4__ Being completely alone in another part of the world challenges your fears. Just going somewhere on your own is a big step for some people. Fortunately it sounds more difficult than it actually is. When you make it to your destination, you will see how smoothly things can go. You will learn to control your fears instead of letting them control you.
See better from a distance.__5__ The same rule applies to traveling. When we distance ourselves from a situation, we get a better understanding of the issues. The problems that used to upset us at home often seem meaningless when we are far away.
A．Overcome your fears.
B．Meet people you never expected.
C．Have a chance to learn a new language.
D．You don't have to listen to anyone but yourself.
E．Sometimes people don't seem that interesting at first.
F．There was always something that stopped my feet.
G．When we climb a hill, we get a better view of what's below.
答案：1～5 FDBAG
课件30张PPT。Module 1 Small Talk Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading-Language Points
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.lackv．&n． 缺乏，缺少
2.nodv. 点头
3.sighv. 叹气，叹息
4.opportunityn. 机会
5.certainadj. 某；某些
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.informaladj.非正式的→formal adj.正式的
2.seriousadj.严肃的→seriously adv.严肃地
3.confidentlyadv.自信地→confident adj.自信的→confidence n．自信
4.advanceadj.预先的，在前的→advanced adj.先进的，高级的
1.lack v．&n．缺乏，缺少
[同义] be short of缺少，短缺
[联想] pack v．包装 n．一群
2.nod (nodded, nodded) v．点头
[联想] shake one's head摇头
3.sigh v．叹气，叹息
[形近] sign n. 手势，招牌，符号，标志
4.opportunity n．机会
[联想] chance n. 机会，可能性
5.certain adj.某；某些
[联想] sure adj.对……有把握，确信某事，稳当的，可靠的 adv.的确，当然
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.make friends 交朋友，建立友谊
2.(be) nervous about 对……神经紧张/害怕
/胆怯/焦虑不安
3.think of 想起，回忆起；考虑
4.body language 身体语言，肢体语言
5.look away from 把目光从……移开
6.social rules 社交规则
7.in addition 除此之外，另外
8.find out 了解(到)；找出(信息)
1.at a social event 参加社交活动
2.good social skills 良好的社交技能
3.have a conversation 谈话
4.that way 那样
5.damage your confidence 破坏你的信心
6.ask for more information 要求更多的信息
7.show your interest 表示你的兴趣
8.arrive at a party 到达聚会
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.And they are easy to learn.
而且这些(技能)是容易学习的。
本句含有“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，该结构中不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
The sentence is_easy_tounderstand.
这个句子很容易理解。
2.People with good social skills communicate well and know how to have a conversation.
具备良好社交技能的人能很好地和别人交流并且知道怎样交谈。
句中how to have a conversation 属于“疑问词/whether＋不定式”结构，该结构在句中作know的宾语。
Having thought of it carefully, he told me how_to_solve_the_problem.
仔细考虑之后，他告诉了我如何解决这个问题。
3.Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours！
和一个人谈论他自己，他就会和你说上几个小时！
“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”为常用固定句型，意为“做某事，那么/否则就会……”。
Use_your_head_and you will come up with a way.
动动脑筋，你就能想出办法。
1．(教材P2)Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you don't know?
你是否想结交更多的朋友但又缺乏与陌生人交谈的信心？
?lack
(1)v.缺乏，缺少
lack sth. 缺乏某物
lack for nothing 什么也不缺
①I lack words in which to express my thanks.
我难以用语言来表达我的感谢。
②They are so rich that they lack for nothing.
他们非常富裕，什么也不欠缺。
(2)n.缺乏，不足(常与of连用，有时前面可加不定冠词a)
(1) (a) lack of ... 缺乏……
for/through lack of ... 因缺乏……
(2)lacking adj. 缺少的，缺乏的，不足的
be lacking in 不足，不够
③Lack of vitamin B is making him seriously ill.
缺少维生素B使他病得很重。
④He was acquitted for/through_lack_of evidence.
因证据不足他被宣告无罪。
⑤She seems to be totally lacking in common sense.
她似乎一点常识都没有。
[名师点津] lack用作不及物动词时，通常与for和in连用。
2．(教材P2)It helps if you do a little advance planning.
要是预先做些准备，将会对你有所帮助。
?advance
(1)adj.预先的，在前的
①It is a popular show, so advance booking is essential.
这是个很受欢迎的演出，所以一定要提前订票。
[名师点津] advanced也是形容词，意为“高级的，先进的”。
②We need to learn advanced (advance) technology from foreign countries.
我们需要向外国学习先进技术。
(2)v.前进；促进；提出；提前
③The strikers advanced on/towards us, shouting angrily.
罢工的人愤怒地喊叫着向我们逼近。
(3)n.前进；进步；发展；提升
in advance (＝ ahead of time) 事先，事前
in advance of ... 在……前面；比……进步/超前
make advances in 在……方面取得进展
④There have been great advances in medicine in the last ten years.
在过去十年里，医学取得了巨大的进步。
⑤You'd better make a plan in_advance.
你最好提前制订一个计划。
⑥He is far in_advance_of his class.
他在班上遥遥领先。
[语境串记] With the help of the advanced technology, we can complete the task inadvance.
在高科技的帮助下，我们可以提前完成这项任务。
3．(教材P2)think ofthings to tell people about your studies
想出一些有关你学习的事情告诉别人
?think of想起，回忆起；考虑；想出
think about 考虑，思考
think over 仔细考虑
think out 仔细思考；想出(主意等)
think highly/well of 对……高度评价
think of ...as ... 把……看作……
①Can you think of a good way to make friends?
你能想出一个交友的好办法吗？
②I will think_over your suggestion, and let you know my decision in a day or two.
我将仔细考虑你的建议，并在一两天后把我的决定告诉你。
③We all think of her as a responsible teacher.
我们都认为她是一位很负责的教师。
4．(教材P3)look away from the person who's talking to you
把目光从正跟你说话的人身上移开
?look away from把目光从……移开
look up to 尊敬，敬仰
look back on 回顾；回忆
look down upon 看下面，俯视，轻视；瞧不起
look forward to 盼望，期待
look up 向上看，仰视；查找
look into 调查，研究
look through 翻阅；浏览；看透
①Hearing the noise, they looked away from their books.
听见喧闹声，他们的目光从书本上移开了。
②I hope I could have time to look_through my lessons before the examination.
我希望有时间在考试前浏览一遍我的功课。
③He looks_down_on/upon anyone who hasn't had a college education.
他看不起没有受过大学教育的人。
④I like to look_back_on my high-school days, which were the happiest in my life.
我喜欢回顾我的中学时代，那是我生命中最快乐的时光。
5．(教材P3)In addition, you need to know how long you should stay, and when you have to leave.
另外，你需要知道你该待多久，还有该在何时离开。
?in addition除此之外，另外
①You need money and time.In addition, you need diligence.
你需要钱和时间，除此之外，你还需要努力。
[辨析比较] in addition, in addition to
in addition
副词短语，表示 “此外”，在句中作状语。与besides (adv.), what's more同义
in addition to
介词短语，to后跟名词、代词或动名词，表示“除了……之外(还)”。从意义上讲，相当于as well as 或besides (prep.)
选用上述短语填空
②The out-of-class activities help build up children's character in_addition.
另外，这些课外的活动有助于培养孩子们的性格。
③In_addition_to my studies, I got involved in lots of social activities.
除了学习以外，我还参加许多社交活动。
[名师点津] 表示“除了，此外”的单词、短语还有：
①except 除了……之外(别无)
②apart/aside from 除了……之外(还有)；除了……之外(别无)
③as well 也，而且
6．(教材P3) Remember also that in some countries, you mustn't take flowers of a certain colour, because they're unlucky.
还有，要记住在有的国家你绝不能带某种颜色的花，因为它们是不吉利的。
?certain
(1)adj.某，某些
①A certain person called on you yesterday.
昨天有个人来拜访过你。
②For certain_reasons I will be unable to attend the meeting.
因为某种原因，我不能出席这次会议。
(2)adj.确定的，肯定的；确信的，无疑的
It is certain that ... ……是肯定无疑的，确定的
be certain to do sth. 肯定做某事，一定做某事
be certain of/about (doing) sth. 对(做)某事确定无疑
for certain 肯定地，确凿地
make certain of/that ... 弄清楚，弄明白……
③It is certain that they will come next week.
他们肯定下周来。
④He is certain to succeed (succeed) in doing his experiment.
他做试验一定会成功。
⑤I am afraid I can not be certain about/of that.
恐怕对那件事我不能肯定。
[辨析比较] certain, sure
相同点
都可以构成be certain/sure of/about, be certain/sure to do, make certain/sure of/about, make certain/sure＋从句等结构
不同点
(1)certain可用作定语，表示“某一”，而sure不能
(2)sure不能用it作形式主语；certain可以用it作形式主语
选用上述单词填空
⑥It's certain that they will agree.
他们肯定会同意。
⑦You'll have to leave soon to make certain/sure of getting there on time.
你得快点出发，以确保准时到达那里。
1．And they are easy to learn.
而且这些(技能)是容易学习的。
(1)本句含有“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，该结构中不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。常用于此结构的形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, nice, good, dangerous, interesting, important, expensive, fit, comfortable, pleasant, impossible等。
①The book presented to you by the teacher is easy to understand.
老师赠给你的这本书容易理解。
②The problem you referred to is difficult to_settle (settle)．
你提及的这个问题难以解决。
(2)若不定式中的动词为不及物动词，则应在其后加相应的介词。
③Mr Smith is easy to get along with.
史密斯先生很容易相处。
④The flat, which is near the sea, is comfortable to live in.
靠近大海的这套公寓住起来很舒适。
(3)句式“Sb./Sth.＋be＋adj.＋to do”通常可以转化成“It＋be ＋adj.＋to do sth.”句式。
⑤The work is difficult to finish on time.
＝It is difficult to_finish (finish) the work on time.
这项工作很难按时完成。
⑥David is easy to make friends with.
＝It is easy to make friends with David.
和戴维交朋友很容易。
2．People with good social skills communicate well and know how to have a conversation.
具备良好社交技能的人能很好地和别人交流并且知道怎样交谈。
句中how to have a conversation 属于“疑问词/whether＋不定式”结构。此结构在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语。作主语时谓语动词通常用单数。常见的疑问词有who(m), how, when, where, which, what等。
①When to go for a picnic hasn't been decided.
什么时间去野炊还没定下来。
②Surely the important thing is how to_raise (raise) enough money.
重要的事情当然是如何筹到足够的钱。
③We don't know what_to_do next.
我们不知道下一步该做什么。
④David will show you how_to_operate the advanced machine.
戴维将给你展示如何操作这台先进的机器。
3.Talk to a man about himself, andhe will speak to you for hours!
和一个人谈论他自己，他就会和你说上几个小时！
该句是一种常用固定句型，即“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，意为“做某事，那么/否则就会……”。and/or 前面的祈使句表示一个条件，相当于if引导的条件状语从句，而and/or后面的句子表示一种结果。掌握此句型结构，需注意两点：中间的连词常为and或or；连词后的陈述句的时态多用将来时态。
①Study hard and you will pass the exam.
＝If you study hard, you'll pass the exam.
努力学习，你会通过考试的。
②Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you.
＝Unless you respect yourself, no one else will respect you.
人必自敬，然后人敬之。
?1?祈使句＋破折号＋另一分句
?2?名词短语＋and/or＋陈述句
③Turn_down_the_radio — the baby's asleep in the next room.
把收音机音量调小——小孩在隔壁睡觉呢。
④One more week(＝Given one more week), and we will finish the work.
再有一周的时间，我们就会完成这份工作。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The song made me think of the happy hours we spent together when young.
2．If you tell me in advance, I will have your order ready for you.
3．Dr. Bake is a professor in physics. In addition, he is a famous writer.
4．Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.
5．Hurry up, or you will miss the train.
6．A foreign language like English is difficult to_learn(learn), so you can never work too hard.
7．He quickly looked away from me and pretended not to have seen me.
8．We never knew for certain how it happened.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Twenty students want to attend the lecture that aims to teach_how_to_read_fast (如何快速阅读)．
2．It_is_certain_that (肯定) he will be present at the meeting.
3．In_addition_to_a_dictionary (除了一本字典外), I gave him a pen and a pencil.
4．Work hard and_you_will_succeed (你就会成功)．
5．Fish is_easy_to_digest (很容易消化) when you're ill.
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We have an informal (非正式的) agreement to ride to school together.
2．I'd like to take this opportunity (机会) to thank everyone for their hard work on the project.
3．The enemy forces were advancing (前进) against our defense works.
4．She is certain (确信) that the young man has gone mad.
5．He blinked, yawned (打哈欠) and looked around.
6．He is good at his job but he seems to lack (缺乏) confidence.
7．His encouraging remarks inspired confidence(自信) in me.
8．We are currently focusing seriously (认真地) on this matter.
9．She greeted her neighbor with a nodding (点头)．
10．She sighed (叹气) as she lay back on the bed.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．People can use advance computer techniques to experience life in the future.
advance→advanced
2．I think him as a happy person with many friends.think_后加of
3．The chair bought in the shop is comfortable to sit.sit后加_on
4．Try to act confident, even if you feel nervous.confident→confidently
5．Call me tomorrow, or I'll let you know the lab result.or→and
6．Stress and tiredness often result in a lack for concentration.for→of
Ⅲ.选词填空
think of， look away from， find out， in addition， be nervous about， make friends， be certain of， in advance of
1．I never see the picture but I think_of my college years.
2．I am determined to find_out the rights and wrongs of this matter.
3．Hiking is good sports. In_addition,_it is great fun.
4．She looked_away_from her computer and smiled at me.
5．She was_nervous_about walking home so late.
6．We are_certain_of your success, so be confident of yourself.
7．It is better to get to the airport in advance of at least a hour.
8．Helen is a very shy girl and does not make_friends easily.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
You might cross the road to avoid 1.talking (talk) to someone you recognise, or you would love to go to a party and talk 2.confidently (confident) to every guest. You needn't worry about situations 3.like these if you have good social skills. People with good social skills communicate well and know how 4.to_have (have) a conversation. 5.It helps if you do a little advance planning.
Small talk is very important and 6.prepares (prepare) you for more serious conversations. Have some low-risk conversation openers ready. And listening is a skill 7.which most people lack, but communication is 8.a two-way process — it involves speaking and listening. Always remember — you won't impress people 9.if you talk too much.
If you go to a social occasion in another country, remember that social rules 10.can be different.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
李明的学校要组织一次演讲，他的班主任鼓励他参加。然而，李明缺乏信心(lack confidence)。老师给了他下列建议：首先，他应该提前(in advance)准备好演讲稿。其次，演讲时，目光不能从观众身上移开(look away from), 另外(in addition), 他应该大声讲话以便使自己被清晰地听见。最后但同样重要的是，他应该相信自己。李明答应老师他会仔细考虑(think of)这件事，并第二天会给他答复。
Li_Ming's_school_is_going_to_organize_a_speech_and_his_headteacher_encourages_him_to_take_part_in_it._However,_Li_Ming_lacks_confidence._The_teacher_gives_him_the_following_suggestions:_First,_he_should_prepare_the_speech_in_advance._Second,_when_he_makes_a_speech,_he_shouldn't_look_away_from_the_audience._In_addition,_he_should_speak_loudly_to_make_himself_heard_clearly._Last_but_not_least,_he_should_believe_in_himself._Li_Ming_promises_his_teacher_that_he_will_think_of_it_carefully_and_give_him_the_answer_the_next_day.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
This is my last year in senior high school. I believe that I am a __1__ student. I am the most obedient (听话的) student. I always __2__ my homework on schedule. I devote almost all my time to my school work. Nearly all my course teachers __3__ me for my high grades.
When I was in elementary school, I was a(n) __4__ student so I knew I must work harder than others. I studied hard to __5__ my grade. I told myself that I had to achieve high grades in my senior high school, __6__ I had finished my junior high school, as part of my __7__ for entering university. __8__， I put a lot of effort during my time in senior high school, and I __9__ to achieve good grades all the time. Later, I __10__ that I had shown obvious improvement. Then I did some __11__ on universities that provide a finance degree. Eventually I __12__ that Warwick University is one of the best business degree universities in the world, __13__ in finance and accounting. I have looked over the courses and I am very interested in __14__ at Warwick University. I learn that most Warwick University graduates are __15__ and successful in their career. In addition, I like the __16__ since Warwick University is situated in the center of England and is __17__ to reach from big cities. I am looking forward to building a career in the __18__ sector (领域). The reason I __19__ the finance degree is that I am interested in analyzing companies' economic positions.
By studying at Warwick University, I see a __20__ to be a good financial advisor. I believe I can build a successful career path in the future with Warwick University.
语篇解读：作者从小读书就非常努力，而且成绩很好。最后作者选择了Warwick University，因为他看中了这所大学的经济专业。
1．A.graduate B．good
C．new D．lucky
解析：选B 根据下文“I am the most obedient (听话的) student ... I devote almost all my time to my school work.”可知，“我”是一名好学生。
2．A.give out B．help with
C．check out D．hand in
解析：选D “我”总是按时交作业。
3．A.watch B．know
C．love D．amaze
解析：选C 因为“我”的成绩好，所以几乎我的所有任课教师都喜欢我。
4．A.great B．average
C．special D．intelligent
解析：选B 根据下文“so I knew I must work harder than others”可推知，“我”成绩一般。
5．A.keep B．serve
C．improve D．change
解析：选C 根据上文“I studied hard”可知，“我”刻苦学习，以提高成绩。
6．A.after B．though
C．because D．until
解析：选A 根据该空上下文可知，after符合句意。
7．A.confidence B．reward
C．pride D．preparation
解析：选D 为了实现上大学的目标，高中时要得到高分数，为以后考大学做准备。
8．A.However B．Besides
C．Therefore D．Still
解析：选C 根据该空上下文可知，此处为因果关系，故用Therefore。
9．A.failed B．managed
C．refused D．decided
解析：选B 根据上文“I put a lot of effort during my time in senior high school”可知，“我”设法总是获得高分。
10．A.realized B．heard
C．wished D．expected
解析：选A “我”总是获得高分数，所以“我”认识到自己进步很明显。
11．A.exercises B．experiments
C．work D．research
解析：选D 根据下文的叙述可知，“我”对提供金融学位的大学做了一番研究。
12．A.discovered B．told
C．agreed D．hoped
解析：选A 在做了一番研究后，“我”最后找到了自己心仪的大学。
13．A.clearly B．certainly
C．especially D．regularly
解析：选C 这所大学有最好的经济专业，尤其是在财经和会计方面。
14．A.teaching B．living
C．growing D．studying
解析：选D “我”对在Warwick University 学习很感兴趣。
15．A.nervous B．outstanding
C．strong D．anxious
解析：选B 根据下文“successful in their career”可知，Warwick University 的毕业生很优秀。
16．A.name B．courses
C．professors D．location
解析：选D 根据下文“since Warwick University is situated in the center of England”可知，“我”喜欢这所大学的位置。
17．A.easy B．safe
C．expensive D．necessary
解析：选A 因为这所大学在英格兰的中心，所以从各个大城市很容易到达这里。
18．A.service B．independent
C．financial D．educational
解析：选C 根据下文“The reason I __19__ the finance degree is that I am interested in analyzing companies' economic positions.”可知，“我”想在财经领域建立一番事业。
19．A.hate B．choose
C．value D．ignore
解析：选B “我”选择财经专业是因为……。
20．A.chance B．job
C．suggestion D．plan
解析：选A “我”选择财经专业，而Warwick University有最好的财经专业，所以在这里学习，“我”看到了成为优秀财务顾问的机会。
Ⅱ.短文改错
There was my birthday last Sunday. A big party held for me at home. Some of my friend came to my home bringing us different kinds of gifts, such as books, cards, flowers, and so on. My parents spent over two hours prepared a special dinner. After dinner, we had a wonderfully party in the living room, at which my parents and friends said “Happy birthday” to me. All of us had a great fun in eating, drinking, singing or dancing. Of course I enjoy the birthday cake and noodles according to Chinese tradition. Finally I expressed my thanks to my parents in return to their love.
答案：第一句：There→It
第二句：party后加was
第三句：friend→friends; us→me
第四句：prepared→preparing
第五句：wonderfully→wonderful
第六句：去掉a; or→and
第七句：enjoy→enjoyed
第八句：第二个to→for
课件34张PPT。Module 1 Small Talk Section Ⅲ Grammar-didn’t need to do和needn’t have done
?语法图解
?探究发现
①I didn't need to get a visa.
②It was an informal party so I didn't need to wear a suit.
③You needn't have spoken so slowly.
④You needn't have watered the flowers, for it's going to rain.
⑤You needn't worry about situations like these if you have good social skills.
⑥—Need I do the homework first?
—Yes, you must./No, you needn't/don't have to.
⑦I need to know what I can talk about with the Chinese people that I meet.
⑧You don't need to take a gift.
⑨Do I need to leave my telephone number and address?
⑩The doorneeds oiling.＝The door needs to be oiled.
[我的发现]
(1)①②句中黑体部分表示“没有必要做某事，而实际上也没做”；③④句中黑体部分表示“本没有必要做某事，而实际上却做了”。
(2)⑤⑥句中need 为情态动词，而⑦⑧⑨句中need则为实义动词。
(3)由⑥句可知，在回答带有情态动词need 的提问时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't或don't_have_to。
(4)由⑩句可知，当主语是表示“物”的名词时，用作实义动词的need后接动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。即need doing相当于need_to_be_done。
一、didn't need to do与needn't have done
这两个结构都表示“过去不必做某事”，didn't need to do 通常表示“不必去做某事”，实际上也没做此事；而needn't have done则表示“本不必做某事”，从其言外之意可看出，此事已经做了。
I didn't need to go to school this Sunday, so I didn't get up until 9 a．m.
我这个星期天不必上学，因此我直到早上九点才起床。(我没去学校)
I needn't have gone to school today, for it was Sunday today.
今天我本不必去上学的，因为今天是星期天。(我去过学校)
[即时演练1] 完成句子
①They didn't_need_to_do_it_themselves,_so they went home in advance.
他们不需要自己去做，所以他们提前回家了。
②We needn't_have_so_hurried.There is still an hour left.
我们本没必要那么匆忙，还有一个小时的时间。
③We didn't_need_to_take_a_taxi;_it's within walking distance.
我们不需要打出租车，步行就可以到达。
二、need的基本用法
1．need用作实义动词
(1)need 作实义动词时，后面可跟名词、代词、不定式、动名词及复合结构。
You don't need to worry about me.
你不必担心我。
They badly needed a change.
他们迫切需要一次变革。
(2)当need的主语与need后面的动词是动宾关系时，动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，即need doing相当于need to be done。
The flowers need watering/to be watered.
这些花需要浇水。
[即时演练2] 用所给词的适当形式填空
①The room needs cleaning/to_be_cleaned (clean), but I have time only on Sunday.
②They didn't need to_arrive (arrive) so early.
③Dr Smith said that he needed (need) no payment for his journey.
2．need用作情态动词
(1)need 表示“需要”或“必须”时，通常用于否定句和疑问句。
—Need you go so soon?
—Yes, I must.
——你需要这么快就走吗？
——是的，必须。
You needn't finish that work today.
你今天不必把那项工作做完。
Needhe do this housework first?
他需要先做这些家务活吗？
(2)在need引起的一般疑问句中，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't。
—Need I answer the question?
—Yes, youmust./Yes, you have to./No, you needn't.
——我需要回答那个问题吗？
——是的，你必须回答。/是的，你得回答。/不，不必了。
[即时演练3] 完成句子
①—Need I come tomorrow?
—Yes, you_must./No, you_needn't.
——我明天需要来吗？
——是的，你必须来。/不，你没必要来。
②You needn't_come if you are busy.
如果忙，你就不必来了。
③I wonder if I_need_bring_a_camera with me.
我想知道是否需要带相机。
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．He was studying at school, so he didn't_need (not need) to serve in the army.
2．I told my teacher what had happened and then he told me he had known it. I needn't have_told (tell) him anything.
3．My classmate spoke good English so I didn't need to_translate (translate) the conversation for her.
4．—Must I tell Mary about it?
—No, you needn't (not need). I've told her already.
5．What a pity! You could have entered free — you needn't have_bought (buy) a ticket.
6．The house badly needs (need) a coat of paint.
7．If I need you to_come (come) and help I'll call.
8．Need I pay (pay) for the broken glass?
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．(2014·重庆高考改编)I've ordered some pizza, so we_needn't_worry_about_cooking when we get home tired.
我已经订好了一些比萨，因此当我们疲惫不堪地回到家时，不必担心做饭的事情。
2．(2014·湖南高考改编)—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we_needn't_bring_anything with us?
——我已经为这次野餐准备了各种各样的食物。
——你的意思就是我们没有必要带任何东西了吗？
3．I needn't_have_got_there so early because she didn't arrive until 10.
我本来没必要那么早到那儿，因为她10点才到。
4．I needn't_have_bought_so_much_food;_only five people came.
我本不必买这么多食物，只有五个人来。
5．Your clothes need washing/to_be_washed.
你的衣服需要洗了。
6．You_needn't_take_an_umbrella and I will share it with you.
你不需要带雨伞，我会和你共用一把。
Ⅲ.短文改错
A person who we should learn from doesn't need be rich or famous. It could be the people we live with them. For me, it's my father.I still remember the days when I was child. Although he had plenty of works to do, but he still stayed with me and played children's games with me. With time go by, I'm in Senior 3 now. It is me who have no time to stay with him now! However, he is still behind me and try his best to make a better life for our family. How handsome and selflessly he is! I am really very grateful for him.In my mind, he is not only my father, but also a hero with me!
答案：第一句：need后加to
第二句：去掉them
第四句：child前加a
第五句：works→work; 去掉but
第六句：go→going
第七句：me→I
第八句：try→tries/trying
第九句：selflessly→selfless
第十句：for→to
课件17张PPT。Module 1 Small Talk Section Ⅳ Other Parts of the Module
[原文呈现] [读文清障]
The Wrong Kind of Small Talk
Esther Greenbaum was a saleswoman① for a firm② of fax③ machines and business supplies. But she was also the most outspoken④human being⑤ in the world — well, Westchester County, at least⑥. Her motto⑦ was “Every time⑧ I open my mouth, I put my foot in it⑨.”
Esther Greenbaum's majorshortcoming? was that she had a complete absence? of small talk?. No, that's not quite true. She had small talk, but it was the wrong kind. In fact?， she had never learnt the basic rules of social communication, and as a consequence?， she made systematic? mistakes every time she opened her mouth. It was no coincidence? either that she wasn't a very good saleswoman?.
①saleswoman/'seIlz?w?m?n/n．女推销员，女销售员
②firm/f??m/n．公司
③fax/f?ks/n．传真(机)
④outspoken/?a?t'sp??k?n/adj.直言不讳的，坦率的
⑤human being 人类，其复数形式是human beings。
⑥at least 至少
⑦motto/'m?t??/n．座右铭，格言
⑧every time “每次”，是名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句。
⑨put one's foot in one's mouth 犯使人难堪的错误，说错话
⑩major adj.主要的
?shortcoming/'???t?k?mI?/n．缺点，短处
?absence/'?bs?ns/n．缺乏，不存在
?that she had ...是表语从句。
?in fact 实际上， as a matter of fact 事实上
?as a consequence 因此，结果
?systematic/?sIst?'m?tIk/adj.非偶然的，经常的
?coincidence/k??'InsId?ns/n．巧合
?It is/was no coincidence that ... ……不是巧合。it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。
不合时宜的闲谈
埃斯特·戈林鲍姆是一家传真及商务用品公司的女推销员。但她也是世界上最口无遮拦的人——当然，至少在韦切斯特县是这样的。她的座右铭是“每当我张口，就会讲错话。”
埃斯特·戈林鲍姆的主要缺点是她根本不会闲谈。不，也不完全如此。她也闲谈，只是不合时宜。实际上，她从来就没有认识到社交的基本规则，因此每次张嘴说话她都会犯经常性的错误。她成不了一名优秀的推销员也就不是巧合了。
One day during a meeting, Esther was introduced to? an important customer?， a mature woman.
“Nice to meet you，” she said. “How old are you？” The customer looked awkward.
“Forty? Forty-five？” said Esther. “You look much older. And your friend ... she's older than you, but she looks much younger！”
On another occasion, Esther teased a typist，“Hey! When's your baby due？”
The typist went red and contradicted Esther. “Actually, I'm not pregnant，”she said.
“Oh, sorry，” said Esther without any apology.“Just putting on a little weight， huh？”
Esther was never cautious about other people's feelings. One of her acquaintances， a salesman in the firm, was going through a very messydivorce and was very depressed. She tried to cheer him up.
“Forget her! She was a complete fool. No one liked her anyway.”
?be introduced to sb.被介绍给某人
?customer/'k?st?m?/n．顾客，客户
mature/m?'t???/adj.成熟的
awkward/'??kw?d/adj.尴尬的
tease/ti?z/v．戏弄，嘲弄，揶揄
typist/'taIpIst/n．打字员
go red 变红
contradict/?k?ntr?'dIkt/v．反驳
pregnant/'pregn?nt/adj.怀孕的
apology/?'p?l?d?i/n．道歉，致歉
put on weight 长胖，增肥
lose weight 减肥
cautious/'k????s/adj.谨慎的，慎重的
be cautious about (＝ be careful of/about)
对……谨慎小心
acquaintance/?'kweInt?ns/n．熟人
go through 遭受，经历
messy/'mesi/adj.棘手的，难办的
divorce/dI'v??s/n．离婚，离异
cheer sb. up 使某人高兴/振作起来
fool/fu?l/n．傻瓜，笨蛋
一天在一次会议期间，埃斯特被介绍给一位重要的客户，一位成熟的女士。,她说：“很高兴见到你。你多大年纪啦？”这位客户看起来很尴尬。,埃斯特说道：“四十？四十五？你看起来更老。而你的朋友……她年龄比你大，但看起来年轻得多！”,还有一次，埃斯特打趣一位打字员说：“嗨！你什么时候生宝宝啊？”,那位打字员一下子变得面红耳赤，并反驳埃斯特说：“实际上， 我还没怀孕呢。”,埃斯特毫无歉意地说：“噢，对不起。只是略微发福，是吗？”,埃斯特从来不注意他人的感受。和她在同一家公司做推销员的一个熟人正陷入离婚窘境，并为此非常沮丧。她试图让他高兴起来。,“忘掉她！她是一个十足的傻瓜。没有人喜欢她。”
Much of the time, Esther said the first thing to come into her head. One day at work, a clerk came into the office with a new hairstyle.
“Nice haircut，” said Esther.“How much did it cost？”
The woman replied, “I'd rather not say.”
Esther replied, “Well, anyhow， either you paid too much or you paid too little.”
She met a very famous writer once. “Hey, what a coincidence！” she said. “You're writing a book and I'm reading one！”
to come into her head 作后置定语，修饰the first thing。
clerk/klɑ?k/n．职员，办事员
haircut/'he??k?t/n．发型，发式
would rather “宁愿”，后接动词原形，还可接that从句(从句用一般过去时或过去完成时表示虚拟语气)。
anyhow/'enI?ha?/adv.不管怎么说，无论如何
either ... or ... 或者……或者……
大多数时候，埃斯特想到什么就说什么。有一天工作时，一位刚换了新发型的职员走进办公室。,埃斯特说：“发型很漂亮，花了多少钱？”,这位女士回答道：“我宁愿不说。”,埃斯特答道：“哦，不管怎样，要么你花了太多，要么你花了太少。”,有一次她遇见一位非常著名的作家。她说：“嗨，多么巧啊！你正在写一本书，我正在看一本书！”
The trouble with Esther was she said what she thought, and didn't think about what she said. A young man was trying to be modest about his new job many miles away.
“I guess the company chose me so they'd get some peace in the office，” he smiled.
“No, I guess they chose you to discourage you from spending your whole career with us，” Esther replied sweetly.
Once, Esther went to a brunch party to meet some old school friends on the anniversary of their graduation.She greeted the hostess.
“Do you remember that guy you were dating？ What happened to him？” she asked. “You know, the ugly one.”
At that moment， a man came up and stood by her friend. “Esther, I'd like you to meet my husband，” she said. “Charles, this is ...”
Esther interrupted her，“Hey, so you married him！”
was 后省略了表语从句引导词that，表语从句中含有并列谓语said和didn't think about，它们分别后接了宾语从句what she thought和what she said。
modest/'m?dIst/adj.谦虚的，谦逊的
be modest about 对……谦虚
discourage sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
sweetly adj.令人愉快地；甜美地
brunch/br?nt?/n．早午餐
anniversary/??nI'v??s?rI/n．周年纪念日
greet vt.问候，向……打招呼
其后直接跟sb.，意同say hi/hello to sb.。
hostess/'h??stIs/n．女主人
you were dating 前省略了定语从句的关系词that, who或whom。
ugly adj.丑陋的，难看的
at that moment 正在那时
come up 走过来，走上前来
interrupt/?Int?'r?pt/v．打断
marry v．嫁给……；与……结婚
be married to sb.与某人结婚
埃斯特的问题是她想到什么就说什么，而且从不考虑她说的话。一位年轻人为他好几英里外的新工作而尽力表示谦虚。,他微笑着说：“我想公司选择我是为了他们在办公室里可以得到一些平和。”,埃斯特亲切地回答：“不是的，我想他们之所以挑中你是因为不想让你一辈子都跟着我们干。”,有一次，埃斯特在他们毕业周年纪念日去一个早午餐聚会见几个老校友。她向女主人打招呼。,她问道：“你还记得和你约会的那个家伙吗？他怎么样了？你知道的，就是那个长得丑的。”,正在那时，一个男人走过来，站在她朋友的旁边。她说：“埃斯特，我想让你见见我丈夫。查尔斯，这是……”,埃斯特打断她说：“噢，原来你和他结了婚！”
[原文呈现] [读文清障]
Making Friends in the USA
In the USA, conversation is less lively than in many other cultures, ①where everyone talks at the same time②. When someone talks, everyone is expected to listen③，no matter how④ dull the person's speaking may be.
If you're not sure what to talk about, you can ask what people do.⑤ We're defined⑥ by our jobs and we're usually happy to talk about them, unless⑦ you're a spy!
Some people say that Americans talk about their feelings more than Asians, but are more secretive⑧ about factual⑨ matters. You can safely ask questions about families, where you come from, leisure interests, as well as the latest? movies. We're interested in? people's ethnic? background too. But it's best to avoid politics, religion? and other sensitive? topics?.
①where引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为many other cultures。
②at the same time 同时
③be expected to do 被期望做……
④no matter how“无论，不管”，引导让步状语从句。
⑤If you're not sure ... 是条件状语从句，从句中what to ...作sure的宾语；主句you can ask ... 中what people do作ask的宾语。
⑥define/dI'faIn/v．解释，给……下定义
⑦unless conj. (＝if ... not) 除非
⑧secretive/'si?kr?tIv/adj.秘而不宣的，隐藏的
be secretive about 对……隐藏
⑨factual/'f?kt??l/adj.实际的，事实的，确实的
⑩as well as 不但……而且…… as well 也，又
?latest adj.最新的
?be interested in 对……感兴趣
take (an) interest in 对……产生兴趣
?ethnic adj.民族的，种族的
?religion n．宗教(信仰)
?sensitive adj.敏感的， be sensitive to 对……敏感
?句中it是形式主语，to avoid ... 是真正的主语。
在美国交朋友
[第1～3段译文]
在美国，交谈比在许多别的国家沉闷得多，在别的国家大家都一起聊天。(而在美国)当有人说话时，不管他说得可能多么无聊，每个人都应该倾听。
如果你不能确定谈论什么，你可以问一下别人是做什么的。工作体现着我们的特质，而且我们通常乐意去谈论它们，除非你是一个间谍！
有些人说美国人谈论感情要比亚洲人多，但他们对现实的事情却更隐藏。你除了可以很放心地问最新的电影，还可以问有关家庭、籍贯、业余爱好等的问题。我们对人们的民族背景也感兴趣。但最好避免政治、宗教和其他敏感话题。
A highly personal conversation can take place after a very short period of knowing someone, but this doesn't mean that you're close friends, or the relationship is very deep. But a lot of people are very friendly and hospitable?， and the famous invitation “If you're ever in Minneapolis/San Diego/Poughkeepsie, do? call by? and see us！” is never made without a genuine? desire to meet again.
But while few Americans will worry about the questions you may ask, particularly if you clearly show you'reaware of cultural differences, they may hesitate before they ask you similar questions.In fact, it's a sign that they don't wish to violate your private life. So, many Americans will talk about safe topics because they don't dare to be too curious or personal, but will happily talk about more private matters if you take the lead.
?hospitable/h?'spIt?bl/adj.好客的，殷勤的
?do置于动词原形前，用来强调谓语。
?call by 顺道来访
?genuine/'d?enjuIn/adj.纯粹的，真正的
desire n．渴望，欲望， desire to do sth.渴望做某事
particularly adv.特别地，尤其(＝ in particular)
(be) aware of 知道 be aware that ... 知道……
hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫不决， hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
while “尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句；if引导条件状语从句；before 引导时间状语从句；you may ask 为省略关系代词的定语从句；you're aware of ... 为省掉that的宾语从句。
violate/'vaI??leIt/v．骚扰，妨碍，侵犯
private adj.私人的，个人的
that they ... 是同位语从句，解释a sign的内容。
curious adj.好奇的， be curious about 对……好奇
take the lead 带头，领先
[第4～5段译文]
两个人认识很短一段时间之后，就可能会有亲密的交谈，但这并不意味着你们就是亲密的朋友或关系非常好了。但许多人非常友好、好客，而且如果无意再相见，他们是不会作出“如果你有机会到明尼阿波利斯/圣地亚哥/波基普西，务必顺道来看看我们！”这种人们所惯见的邀请的。,但是尽管极少数的美国人会担心你可能提出的问题，尤其是你明显地表现出你了解文化差异时，在问你相似的问题之前，他们会犹豫。事实上，这表明他们不希望侵犯你的私人生活。因此，许多美国人都谈论一些安全的话题，因为他们不敢?表现得?太好奇或太冒昧，但如果你首先引入?私人话题?，他们会高兴地谈论更多关于私人的事情。
Generally we dislike arguments， and we avoid topics which lead to disagreement. It's easy to return to discussing the weather： “Do you like the USA? How do you like the weather？” or making compliments： “What lovely flowers and what a beautiful vase！”“That's a fabulous dress you're wearing.” You should accept compliments graciously and say “Thank you！”
There are a couple of dangerous topics of conversation: age and money. Age is not treated assomething very special， unless someone is very old: “Isn't she wonderful for her age！” and there are no special rules or signs of extra respect for elderly people. Anyway， Americans always want to look younger than they really are, so don't expect an accurate reply！
generally adv.大体上，一般地(＝ in general)
argument n．争论
lead to 导致(to为介词)
It is/was ＋ adj. ＋ to do sth. 做某事是……的。it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语是真正的主语。
compliment n．称赞，夸奖
graciously/'greI??sli/adv.优雅地
be treated as 被当作
同义短语：be regarded/thought of/considered as
修饰something, nothing等不定代词的形容词要放在其后面。
anyway ＝ anyhow 不管怎样
accurate adj.确切的，准确的
[第6～7段译文]
一般来说，我们不喜欢争论，并避开那些导致分歧的话题。回到天气的讨论中很容易：“你喜欢美国吗？你觉得这儿的天气怎么样？”或者说些称赞的话：“多么可爱的花，多么漂亮的花瓶啊！”“你穿的那条连衣裙真漂亮。”你应该欣然接受赞美并说“谢谢！”,有两个敏感的话题：年龄和钱。年龄并没有被当作很特殊的话题，除非某人年事已高：“以她的年龄，难道她活得不精彩吗！”而且没有格外尊敬老人的特别规定或迹象。不管怎样，美国人总是想让自己看起来比他们的真实年龄年轻些，因此别指望他们给出确切的回答！
Income is a very private matter, and you'd do well to avoid asking how much people earn, although some people may not only be open about it, but show off their wealth. We don't ask how much things cost, either.
But what we don't like is silence, and almost anything is better than the embarrassment of a quiet party and silent guests.
do well to do ... 最好做……
avoid doing ... 避免做……
show off 炫耀
although some people ... 是让步状语从句，其中含有not only ... but (also) ... 结构。
what we don't like是主语从句。
embarrassment n．尴尬
[第8～9段译文]
收入是很私人的事情，你最好避免问别人挣多少钱，尽管有些人对此不仅不加隐瞒，反而还炫耀他们的财富。我们也不问东西值多少钱。,但是我们不喜欢沉默不语，几乎任何事情都比宴会冷清、宾客沉默所带来的尴尬要好。
Read the passage and choose the best answers.
1．What's the reason for Esther to have the motto “Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it”？
A．She was the most outspoken human being in the world.
B．She was not a very good saleswoman.
C．She had a complete absence of small talk.
D．She had never learnt the basic rules of small talk.
2．From the conversation between Esther and one of her customers in Paragraphs 3 to 5, we can know that ________.
A．Esther was quite familiar with the customer
B．Esther was laughing at the customer for her old looking
C．it was not impolite to ask one's age
D．the customer was pleased to talk with Esther
3．What was the possible result after Esther comforted her acquaintance who was going through a divorce?
A．He was out of depression.
B．He was cheered up by Esther.
C．He became angry as well as depressed.
D．He thanked Esther a lot for her help.
4．The sentence in the 15th paragraph“You're writing a book and I'm reading one！” actually means “________”．
A．I am reading the book you are writing now
B．I'm reading a book similar to yours
C．while you are writing books, I'm reading books
D．I'm very interested in the book you are writing now
5．From the whole passage, we can see that ________ are NOT suitable small talk topics.
A．some personal matters like one's age, weight, marriage and so on
B．things about one's hairstyle and appearance
C．personal affairs like one's income, career and dating, etc.
D．All of the above
答案：1～5 DBCBD
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.obligationn． 责任，义务
2.prizen. 奖品，奖金
3.formn. 表格
4.tidyv. 使……整洁，整理
5.outspokenadj. 直言不讳的，坦率
的，不客气的
6.replyn. 回答，答复，回信
7.shortcomingn. 缺点
8.customern. 顾客，客户
9.awkwardadj. 尴尬的
10.acquaintancen. 熟人
11.anyhowadv. 不管怎么说，无论如何
12.modestadj. 谦虚的
13.anniversaryn. 周年纪念日
14.purposen. 目的
15.circumstancen. 情形，情况
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.applicationn．申请→apply v．申请→applicant n．申请人
2.impoliteadj.不礼貌的→polite adj.有礼貌的
3._favourn．恩惠，照顾→favourable adj.有利的，赞许的→favourite adj.特别喜欢的
4.absencen．缺乏，不存在→absent adj.缺席的
5.cautiousadj.谨慎的，慎重的，小心的→caution n．谨慎，小心
6.modestadj.谦虚的→modesty n．谦虚
7.interruptv．打断→interruption n．打断
8.definev．解释，给……下定义→definition n．定义，解释
9.graciouslyadv.优雅地→gracious adj.优雅的
10.successfuladj.成功的→successfully adv.成功地→success n．成功→succeed v．成功
11.apologyn．道歉，致歉→apologisev．道歉
12.imaginev．现象→imagination n．想象，想象力→imaginative adj.富有想象力的→imaginary adj.想象中的，虚构的
1.prize n． 奖品，奖金
[比较]
①award：指获得的正式荣誉(如文学奖)
②prize：指比赛后获得的奖章(一等奖、二等奖、三等奖)
③reward：指你帮了别人后获得的报酬(如你救了别人后别人给你报酬)
[词块] get the first prize 获得一等奖
2.form n. 表格
[词块] fill in/out a form 填写表格
3.tidy v. 使……整洁，整理
[词块] tidy up 整理，收拾
4.reply (replied, replied) n. 回答，回复，回信
[词块] reply to 答复，回复
5.shortcoming n. 缺点
[同义] weakness n. 弱点，缺点
[反义] strength n. 优点，长处
6.customer n. 顾客，客户
[联想] custom n. 风俗，习惯
7.awkward adj. 尴尬的
[同义] embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的
8.acquaintance n. 熟人
[反义] stranger n. 陌生人
9.anyhow adv. 不管怎么说，无论如何
[同义] anyway
anyway和anyhow同义，但前者多用于美式英语，后者多用于英式英语。
10.purpose n. 目的
[同义] ①aim n. 目的，目标
②goal n. 目的，目标
[词块] ①achieve the/one's aim/purpose/goal
实现目标
②accomplish one's aim 达到目的
11.circumstance n. 情形，情况
[词块] ①under certain circumstances 在某种情况下
②under no circumstances 绝不
12.imagine v. 想象
[串记] Smith is a writer with great imagination. He has written several imaginative novels. We all imagine him as a talented writer.
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.put one's foot in one's mouth
说错话，犯使人难堪的错误
2.as a consequence 因此，结果
3.cheer sb. up 使某人高兴/振作起来
4.be cautious about 对……小心/谨慎
5.come up 走近
6.leave out 省去，删去；漏掉；忽视
7.(be) aware of 知道，意识到
8.take the lead 带头，领先
9.show off 炫耀；卖弄；展示；衬托
出；使……夺目
10.have ... in common 有共同之处
1.have a favour to ask 有一事相求
2.be worried about 担心，担忧
3.with a new haircut 留着新发型
4.on the anniversary of their graduation
在他们毕业的周年纪念日
5.cultural differences 文化差异
6.private matters 私事
7.lead to disagreement 造成分歧
8.establish a relationship 建立一种关系
9.an embarrassing silence 一种令人尴尬的沉默
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.Every timeI open my mouth, I put my foot in it.
每当我张口，就会讲错话。
every time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次……时”。
Every time we met, we would talk for a while.
我们每次见面都要聊一会儿。
2.It was no coincidenceeitherthat she wasn't a very good saleswoman.
她成不了一名优秀的推销员也就不是巧合了。
it为形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的从句。
It_is_necessary_that we are ready by seven.
我们7点以前准备好是必须的。
3.When someone talks, everyone is expected to listen, no matter how dull the person's speaking may be.
当有人说话时，不管他说得可能多么无聊，每个人都应该倾听。
no matter ＋疑问词“无论……”，引导让步状语从句，此时可与疑问词-ever相互转换。
No_matter_how_hard_he_tried,_ he couldn't get her to change her mind.
无论他多么努力尝试，都不能使她改变主意。
4.Imagine a situation where two strangers are talking to each other after someone they both know has left the room, or the café or party, etc.
设想这样一种情况，双方都认识的人离开了房间、咖啡馆或聚会后，两个陌生人开始交谈。
situation为先行词，并且关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用where引导定语从句。
Can you think out a situation where this word can be used？
你能想出这个单词能被使用的场合吗？
1．(教材P7)I have a favour to ask.
我有件事请你帮忙。
?favour
(1)n.恩惠，照顾，支持
do sb.a favour ＝ do a favour for sb.
帮某人一把，给某人以恩惠
do sb.the favour to do sth./of doing sth.
帮某人做某事
ask/beg sb. a favour ＝ ask/beg a favour of sb.
请求某人帮个忙
in favour of 赞成，支持
①Do me a favour and turn the radio down while I'm on the phone.
＝ Do me the favour to turn/of turning the radio down while I'm on the phone.
劳驾，我在打电话，把收音机的声音调小点好吗？
②I was not in_favour_of what is being done here.
我并不赞成眼下正在做的这件事情。
(2)vt.赞成；帮助；有利于；偏爱
③Fortune favours those who use their judgment.
[谚]智才天助。
④She always favours (favour) her youngest child (more than the others)．
她总是偏爱她最小的孩子。
2．(教材P8)Esther Greenbaum's major shortcoming was that she had a complete absence of small talk.
埃斯特·戈林鲍姆的主要缺点是她根本不会闲谈。
?absence n. 缺乏；不存在；缺席，不在
(1)in one's absence 某人不在时
absence of mind 心不在焉
in the absence of (物)缺乏，缺少；(人)不在时
(2)absent adj. 缺席的
absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的
be absent from ... 缺席……
①Plants cannot grow well in the absence of water.
没有水，植物就不能茁壮地生长。
②His absence of mind during the driving nearly caused an accident.
他开车时心不在焉，几乎闯祸。
③She is never absent from work without good cause.
她决不无故缺勤。
3．(教材P8)．.. and as a consequence, she made systematic mistakes every time she opened her mouth.
……因此每次张嘴说话她都会犯经常性的错误。
?as a consequence因此，结果
(1)as a consequence＝as a result＝in consequence 因此，结果
as a consequence of＝as a result of＝in consequence of 由于……的缘故
(2)consequence n. 结果，后果，影响(通常用复数形式)；
重要性(＝im-portance)
take/suffer/bear the consequences of 承担……的后果
(3)consequently adv. 因此，所以，结果
①He was always diligent in his study and as a consequence received high marks.
他一向用功学习，因而得的分数很高。
②I am forced to dismiss you in consequence of/as a consequence of/as a result of your laziness and rudeness.
由于你的懒惰和粗鲁，我不得不解雇你。
③We must take the consequences of our own deed.
我们必须承担自己行为的后果。
4．(教材P8) “Oh, sorry，” said Esther without any apology.“Just putting on a little weight, huh？”
埃斯特毫无歉意地说：“噢，对不起。只是略微发福，是吗？”
?apology n．道歉
(1)make an apology to sb.for (doing) sth.
因(做)某事向某人道歉
offer/make an apology 主动道歉；致歉
(2)apologise vi. 道歉
apologise to sb.for (doing) sth.
因(做)某事向某人道歉
①He wrote to the editor of the newspaper demanding an immediate apology.
他致函该报编辑，要求立即道歉。
②He made an apology to me for hurting my feelings.
他因伤害了我的感情而向我道歉。
③If you're late, you should apologise to the host either immediately or later.
如果你迟到了，你应该立即或事后向主人道歉。
形象记忆
I apologise to him for my mistakes，but he refused my apology.
我因自己犯的错误向他道歉，但他拒绝接受我的道歉。
5．(教材P9)Esther interruptedher, “Hey, so you married him！”
埃斯特打断她说：“噢，原来你和他结了婚！”
?interrupt v．打断；中断
①It is not polite to interrupt when someone is talking.
在别人讲话时打断是不礼貌的。
②The TV show was interrupted (interrupt) by too many commercials.
那档电视节目被太多的商业广告打断。
[辨析比较] interrupt, disturb
interrupt
“打断，妨碍”，尤指中断某活动的连续性
disturb
“扰乱，干扰”，侧重指扰乱某种状态或使秩序(某种过程)受到影响
选用上述单词填空
③I'm sorry to disturb you at this late hour.
④He always interrupted me when I was delivering a speech.
⑤My study in Japan were interrupted by the severe earthquake.
6．(教材P10)Notice how certain words areleft out in informal conversation.
注意在非正式谈话中是如何省略某些词的。
?leave out省去，删去；漏掉；忽视
leave alone 不打扰，不理会
leave behind 把……撇在后面；留下
leave for 动身去
leave off 停止，中断
leave ...aside 不予考虑，搁置一边
①You should leave out unnecessary things.
你应该删掉不必要的东西。
②When you go camping, please do not leave_behind any trash.
当你露营的时候，请不要留下任何垃圾。
③We will leave for London next week.
我们下周动身去伦敦。
7．(教材P11)．.. particularly if you clearly show you're aware of cultural differences ...
……尤其是你明显地表现出你了解文化差异时……
?be aware of 知道，意识到
make sb. aware of/that ... 使某人意识到……
be/become aware of doing sth. 意识到做(过)某事
be/become aware that/wh-... 意识到……
①We hope that you will not hesitate to make us aware of any shortcomings which you may find in this plan.
这个计划有什么缺欠，希望大家提出来。
②John has been_aware_of having done something wrong.
约翰已意识到自己做错了事情。
③We are aware that smoking is harmful to our health.
我们都知道吸烟对健康有害。
8．(教材P11)Income is a very private matter, and you'd do well to avoid asking how much people earn, although some people may not only be open about it, but show off their wealth.
收入是很私人的事情，你最好避免问别人挣多少钱，尽管有些人对此不仅不加隐瞒，反而还炫耀他们的财富。
?show off炫耀
show sb. around 带领某人参观
show sb. in/out 领某人进来/出去
show up 出席，到场
①He likes to show off how well he speaks French.
他喜欢向人展示他法语讲得有多好。
②They were taken to the garden and shown_around.
他们被带到花园里参观了一番。
③It was ten o'clock when he finally showed_up.
十点钟时他终于到了。
9．(教材P13)Imagine a situation where two strangers are talking to each other after someone they both know has left the room, or the café or party, etc.
设想这样一种情况，双方都认识的人离开了房间、咖啡馆或聚会后，两个陌生人开始交谈。
?imagine vt.想象，设想
imagine＋n./pron. 想象
imagine that/wh- ... 想象……
imagine (sb.) doing sth. 想象(某人)做某事
imagine sb./sth. as＋n. 把某人/某物想象成……
①The house was just as she had imagined it.
这房子正是她所想象的。
②Imagine that you were alone on an island.
想象一下你孤身一人在一个岛上。
③Can you imagine living (live) on the moon one day?
你能想象有朝一日住在月球上吗？
④Imagine yourself as an actor in a play on the stage.
想象自己是一位站在舞台上的戏剧演员。
10．(教材P13)What's the purpose of your visit to London?
你到伦敦的目的是什么？
?purpose n．目的，意图
on purpose 故意地
for/with the purpose of 为了……，以……为目的
①The purpose of education should be to expand the minds of children.
教育的目的应该是扩展孩子的心智。
②He explained that he had not done it on_purpose.
他解释他不是故意做这件事的。
③Jack wished to go to France for/with_the_purpose_of studying art.
杰克希望到法国学艺术。
1．Every timeI open my mouth, I put my foot in it.
每当我张口，就会讲错话。
(1)句中的every time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次……时”。
①You must present your library card every time you borrow books.
你每次借书都必须出示借书证。
②Every_time_I_see_the_picture,_I always think of the days we spent together.
我每次看见这张照片时，都会想起我们一起度过的日子。
(2)名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句，常见的还有：
＝as soon as 一……就……
each time 每次……时
(the) next time 下次……时
any time (在)任何时间
the first time 第一次……的时候
the last time 最后一次……的时候
③Next time I go to England, I'll take a boat.
下次去英国，我将乘船。
④The first time I saw him, he was reading a book.
我第一次见到他时，他在看书。
2．It was no coincidence either that she wasn't a very good saleswoman.
她成不了一位优秀的推销员也就不是巧合了。
(1)“It is/was＋n.＋that ...”为主从复合句，it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。
①It was quite a coincidence that my friend was on the same train.
很凑巧，我的朋友也在那列火车上。
(2)为了平衡句子，避免头重脚轻，经常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放到后面。常见的句型还有：
It is＋adj. (necessary/obvious/certain/likely ...)＋that ...
It is＋过去分词(said/reported/believed ...)＋that ...
该句型可转换为“Sb./Sth.＋be＋过去分词＋动词不定式”
②It is quite obvious that he is lying.
很显然他在说谎。
③It is reported that over 50 people lost their lives in the big fire.
＝Over 50 people are reported to_have_lost their lives in the big fire.
据报道50多人在大火中丧生。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Can you do a favour for me and tell me when to get off?
2．He failed in the exam because of his absence (absent) of mind.
3．As a consequence of your bad work I am forced to dismiss you.
4．He offered a frank apology to her for having lost the telephone.
5．Traffic in the city was interrupted (interrupt) by a snowstorm.
6．I can't just imagine him saying (say) that!
7．With/For the purpose of studying effectively, I made a plan.
8．It is clear that one cannot live without air.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．I advise you to_leave_out__the_part (删除这一部分) that is meaningless.
2．More and more parents are_aware_of_the_importance (意识到重要性) of children's education.
3．There is not much point in showing_off (炫耀) when mobiles are so common now.
4．We should not speak evil of a man in_his_absence (他不在场)．
5．In_consequence_of/As_a_consequence_of_the_rain (因为下雨), the tennis match was delayed.
6．I can't help laughing every_time_I_think_of_that (每次我想到那件事)．
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She is very excited about winning the first prize (奖金)．
2．She replied (回答) that she was happy to accept our invitation.
3．He has made up his mind to overcome his shortcomings(缺点)．
4．They were interrupted (打断) by a knock at the door.
5．A woman such as she will surely be successful (成功的) in her career.
6．She went to Germany for the purpose (目的) of research.
7．The more learned a man is, the more modest (谦虚) he usually is.
8．It is a big opportunity (机会) to realize my dream and never knocks twice.
9．I'm very cautious (谨慎) about expressing my opinions in public.
10．It was impolite (不礼貌) of you to get in their conversation.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．They have come here by purpose to see you.by_→on
2．On the whole, I'm in the favour of the proposal.去掉第二个the
3．Jennie got up late and in a consequence she missed the bus.去掉a
4．She always takes a lead when we plan to do anything.a→the
5．Do me a favor to take a cake out of the box.第一个a→the
6．You should make apology to her for your carelessness.make后加an
7．They aware that this is not a good habit.aware前加are
8．We hope you can succeed your new post.succeed后加in
Ⅲ.选词填空
leave behind， be aware of， show off， next time， make an apology， cheer up， show up， be absent from
1．She was not aware of what was going on around.
2．Those boys always show off their sports skills to the girls.
3．If you don't keep up with the times, you'll get left behind.
4．Do remember to look me up the next time you're in London.
5．He was absent from the party for one reason or another.
6．We waited for two hours, but he did not show up.
7．Cheer up! I'm sure you'll feel better tomorrow.
8．I come to make_an_apology for keeping you waiting.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．A lack of confidence can lead to a lot of suffering.
2．Without more training or advanced (advance) technical skills, they'll lose their jobs.
3．It is certain that something had gone wrong with the machine.
4．The chair looks hard but it is comfortable to sit on.
5．Hurry up, or_we cannot get to the railway station on time.
6．I got up early, but I needn't have_done (do) so, because I had no work to do that morning.
7．They voted in favour of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.
8．He was absent from the conference yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.
9．I should make an apology to you for my rudeness last night.
10．He came here on purpose to discuss it with you.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．She gave us sandwiches for a picnic and a bag of cookies in_addition (另外)．
2．As_a_consequence (结果), children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.
3．My mind/memory was a complete blank, I_couldn't_think_of_a_single_answer (我不能想起一个答案)．
4．At present, people are_aware_of_the_dangerous_situation (意识到危险的处境) we are facing.
5．Girls like showing_off_their_beautiful_dresses (炫耀她们漂亮的裙子) to everybody.
6．He cheered_up_at_once (立即高兴起来了) when his father promised to buy him a cellphone.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Do you know that there is a World Championship held each year for children who play golf? Nine-year-old Sky Sudberry knows about it because, along with thousands of other kids from around the world, she has taken part in it several times and won Golf Championship.
Sky is a 4th grader at The Woodlands Preparatory School near Houston, Texas, the U．S.. She is also one of the best golfers for her age in the world. Her greatness comes from a few places. First, she has a real passion for golf. She loves the sport. She also works very hard and practices every day. As golfing great Gary Player said “the harder you work, the luckier you get.” Sky is a great example of this.
Most inspiring to us is not just her work quality or her skill, but her sanguine attitude. Gary Player also said, “We create success or failure on the golf course mainly by our thoughts.” The same is true for life. For a young girl, Sky really seems to have a great attitude to the golf course, whether she is winning or losing. And even more importantly her attitude towards the golf course, in everyday life, seems to be just as active.
Sky, along with several other very inspiring young people, was featured in a recent documentary, TheShortGame. It tells the story of 8 children who were struggling to win the World Championship. Although the movie is about golf, there are plenty of great life lessons for kids to learn. We highly advise you to see it sometime! But first, take a look at Sky's inspiring story and then see how she with her dad and teachers lived an active life in the film!
语篇解读：九岁的Sky是一名四年级的学生。她喜欢体育运动，通过努力她荣获了世界儿童高尔夫球锦标赛的冠军。她的成功不仅仅在于她的技巧，更在于她对生活的积极态度。
1．It can be known that Sky ________.
A．is the best golfer in the world
B．loves playing golf from the heart
C．is a lucky girl actually
D．has a good golf teacher
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段“First, she has a real ... practices every day.”可知，Sky真正地热爱高尔夫球，她喜欢运动，也非常刻苦地每天练习。
2．What does the underlined word “sanguine” in Para.3 mean?
A．Positive. B．Aggressive.
C．Special. D．Bad.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词下文可知，最激励我们的不是她的职业素养或者打球技巧，而是她积极向上的态度。即画线词含义为“积极的”。
3．Why are kids advised to see the film TheShortGame?
A．It can bring them much pleasure.
B．It gives them a lot of knowledge.
C．It helps children become cleverer.
D．It teaches them much about life.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Although the movie ... to see it sometime！”可知，虽然这部电影是关于高尔夫球的，但也有许多好的生活经验教授给孩子，“我”们强烈建议你们有时间观赏这部电影。
4．The writer writes the passage mainly to introduce __________.
A．how great Sky Sudberry is
B．the young active golfer — Sky Sudberry
C．how hard Sky Sudberry works
D．the daily life of Sky Sudberry
解析：选B 写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了9岁的高尔夫球手Sky Sudberry之所以能够成为冠军，不仅仅是因为她的职业素养和打球技巧，更是因为她积极向上的态度。由此推知，作者的写作目的是为了介绍这个积极的小高尔夫球手——Sky Sudberry。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Once upon a time there was a bad wizard who visited a city and __1__ (steal) a thousand tongues from those sleeping people. He took these tongues and cast a spell (施咒) on them, __2__ made them only able to say bad things about people. Then the wizard returned the tongues to their owners. In very little time, the city was filled __3__ the sound of people saying bad things about each other. Soon everyone was __4__ (anger) with everyone else.
On seeing all this, the good wizard decided __5__ (help) them. He cast a spell on the ears of all __6__ people living in the city. Under this spell, whenever the ears heard people criticizing __7__ (other), they would close up, so that nothing could be heard. With the time __8__ (pass), the tongues started to feel useless. Then they realized that saying good things about people meant that they would be listened to once again. So they forgot the spell __9__ (give) by the bad wizard. Although the bad wizard cast spells on tongues __10__ (constant), everyone knew they should put an end to saying bad things with the help of the good wizard.
答案：1.stole 2.which 3.with 4.angry 5.to help
6．the 7.others 8.passing 9.given 10.constantly
课件81张PPT。Module 1 Small Talk Section Ⅴ Writing-如何写电子邮件
一、基本结构
e-mail与一般的书信相似但不完全相同。它主要由以下几部分组成：
1．标题栏：标题栏由三个部分组成：“收件人”、“抄送”、“主题”。 在“收件人”(To)框中输入收信人的e-mail地址。如果同时将信发送给多人，可以在“抄送”栏内写上更多的e-mail地址。“主题”(Subject)框的内容应简明地概括信的内容，短的可以是一个单词，如greetings；长的可以是一个名词性短语，也可以是完整的句子。
2．称呼语：首行顶格写。通常用Dear ...来表示，其后一般用逗号。
3．正文：这是文章的主要部分，在称呼语下写。这部分的写作要求内容清晰、有条理、语言简洁。根据来信写回信，要求仔细阅读来信内容，如实回答来信中所提问题及相关信息，决不可答非所问。
4．结束语：常表达写信人对收信人的祝愿等。
5．结尾敬辞：有Yours sincerely, Sincerely, Yours ever等。可以根据自己的喜好或与对方关系的亲疏选择不同的结尾敬辞。这部分也可以使用一个词，如Thanks, Best, Cheers等。
6．签名：结束语下一行右下角写。
二、增分佳句
1．常用的开头语：
(1)I'm glad to hear from you ...
(2)How nice it was to receive your e-mail ...
(3)It gives me great pleasure to receive your kind letter of ...
(4)Many thanks for your last letter.
2．常用的结束语：
(1)Best wishes/regards to you.
(2)Waiting for your good news.
(3)Looking forward to your early reply.
(4)Hoping to hear from you soon.
(5)With best wishes to you.
[题目要求]
假如你是李华，四月十五日收到你朋友张明的电子邮件，说他准备在暑假期间乘火车来北京度假，希望你去车站接他。现在请你根据以下要点给李明回封电子邮件：
1．欢迎来北京度假；
2．假期票难买，请提前买票；
3．介绍北京游览点，如颐和园 (the Summer Palace)、紫禁城 (the Forbidden City)、明十三陵 (the Ming Tombs)、长城等，还可以参观北京大学；
4．请电话告知车次及起程日期(date of departure)，准备去车站迎接。
注意：词数100左右。
第一步：审题构思很关键
一、审题
1．确定体裁：本文为应用文——电子邮件；
2．确定中心人称：本文的主要人称为第一、二人称；
3．确定主体时态：主要使用一般现在时和一般将来时。
二、构思
第一部分：欢迎来北京度假；假期票难买，请提前买票。
第二部分：介绍北京游览点，如颐和园、紫禁城、明十三陵、长城等，还可以参观北京大学。
第三部分：请电话告知车次及起程日期，准备去车站迎接。
第二步：核心词汇想周全
1．in_advance 提前
2．sightseeing 观光，游览
3．show_sb.around 领某人参观
4．for_example 例如
5．in_addition/besides 而且
第三步：由词扩句雏形现
1．节日期间买票很难。(it作形式主语)
It_is_very_difficult_to_buy_tickets_during_the_holiday.
2．我建议你应该提前买票。(suggest)
I_suggest_you_(should)_buy_your_ticket_in_advance.
3．此外，您还可以参观北京大学。它是我国最著名的大学之一。(简单句)
In_addition,_you_can_visit_the_Peking_University._It_is_one_of_the_most_famous_universities_in_our_country.
4．如果你喜欢参观这些地方，我将带你四处参观。(if条件状语从句)
I_will_show_you_around_if_you_like_to_visit_these_places.
5．请电话告诉我出发日期和火车号码。(over the phone)
Please_tell_me_over_the_phone_the_date_of_departure_and_the_train_number.
6．你不必坐出租车，我将在车站接你。(and并列句)
You_needn't_take_a_taxi_and_I_will_meet_you_at_the_station.
第四步：句式升级造亮点
1．把句1变为as引导的状语从句并连接句1和句2
As_it_is_very_difficult_to_buy_tickets_during_the_holiday,_I_suggest_you_should_buy_your_ticket_in_advance.
2．把句3改为which引导的定语从句
In_addition,_you_can_visit_the_Peking_University,_which_is_one_of_the_most_famous_universities_in_our_country.
第五步：过渡衔接联成篇
Dear_Zhang_Ming,_
I'm_very_glad_to_receive_your_e-mail_on_April_15._Welcome_to_Beijing_to_stay_with_me_during_the_summer_holiday.As_it_is_very_difficult_to_buy_tickets_during_the_holiday,_I_suggest_you_should_buy_your_ticket_in_advance.
In_Beijing_there_are_many_places_for_sightseeing,_for_example,_the_Summer_Palace,_the_Forbidden_City,_the_Ming_Tombs_and_the_Great_Wall.In_addition,_you_can_visit_the_Peking_University,_which_is_one_of_the_most_famous_universities_in_our_country.I_will_show_you_around_if_you_like_to_visit_these_places.
Please_tell_me_over_the_phone_the_date_of_departure_and_the_train_number._You_needn't_take_a_taxi_and_I_will_meet_you_at_the_station.
Yours，
Li_Hua
课件10张PPT。Module 1单元加餐练（一）~（二）完形阅读组合练
加餐练(一) 完形阅读组合练
Ⅰ.完形填空
When Prime Minister Winston Churchill was young, he attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a __1__ student. As a matter of fact, he’d have been thrown out of the school, __2__ he hadn’t been the son of a famous leader. However, he completed his study at Harrow, went on to the University, and then had a successful __3__ in the Army. He later was elected (选举) prime minister and brought great honor to Britain. Toward the end of his period as prime minister, he was __4__ to address the young boys at Harrow, his old __5__. He gave this short but moving speech：“Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! __6__！”
Many people __7__ Abraham Lincoln to be the greatest president of all time. Yet it should be __8__ how many failures and defeats marked his early life. He __9__ up on a small farm. In those early years, his family __10__ had a penny and he had only one year of __11__ education. In 1832, he lost his job. In 1833 he __12__ in business. In 1835, the woman he loved died. In 1843 he was __13__ when he tried to enter the government. In 1856, he was defeated in the __14__ for vice president. In spite of these, he didn’t __15__， and he was elected president of the US in 1860.
Personal history, education, situation — none of these can __16__ a strong spirit. Some of the world’s greatest people have __17__ huge problems and difficulties at some time in their lives, but they’ve gone on to do __18__ deeds. Bury him in the snows of Valley Forge, and you have a George Washington. Make a musical genius __19__ to hear, and you have a Ludwig van Beethoven. Call him __20__ to learn, and write him off as stupid, and you have an Albert Einstein.
语篇解读：本文通过列举丘吉尔、林肯的例子来说明，很多伟人都遇到过困难，但他们并不放弃，正是这些磨难成就了他们的伟业。
1.A.clever B．lazy
C．famous D．good
解析：选D 根据后文“As a matter of fact, he’d have been thrown out of the school ...”可知，英国首相Winston Churchill 上学期间并不是一个好学生。
2．A.because B．though
C．if D．so
解析：选C 如果不是著名领导人的儿子的话，Winston Churchill早就被开除了。
3．A.fight B．career
C．speech D．movement
解析：选B Winston Churchill在军队里事业很成功。
4．A.invited B．ordered
C．forced D．informed
解析：选A 此处是说Winston Churchill被邀请去做演讲。
5．A.family B．school
C．centre D．hometown
解析：选B 根据文章开头“he attended a public school called Harrow”可知，Harrow是Winston Churchill的母校。
6．A.Always B．Sometimes
C．Once D．Never
解析：选D 他对大家的忠告是：永远不要放弃。
7．A.pick B．want
C．sense D．consider
解析：选D 许多人认为Abraham Lincoln是最伟大的总统。
8．A.listed B．forgotten
C．remembered D．blamed
解析：选C Abraham Lincoln被认为是最伟大的总统，但是大家应该记住在他的早年生活中，也有很多失败和挫折。
9．A.brought B．took
C．grew D．pulled
解析：选C 他在一个小农场长大。
10．A.usually B．hardly
C．proudly D．merely
解析：选B 此处说的是Lincoln早期的艰难生活。他家里几乎没有一分钱。
11．A.regular B．special
C．extra D．royal
解析：选A 他只接受了一年的正规教育。regular education“常规教育，正规教育”。
12．A.appeared B．opened
C．succeeded D．failed
解析：选D 1832年，他丢掉工作；1833年，他生意失败。
13．A.lost B．defeated
C．valued D．cared
解析：选B defeat“被打败；被击败”。这里说的是Lincoln没能如愿地进入政府部门。
14．A.exchange B．election
C．entrance D．effect
解析：选B election“选举”。1856年，他在副总统选举时又失败了。
15．A.make up B．agree with
C．take over D．lose heart
解析：选D 尽管遭遇这些失败和打击，他没有灰心。
16．A.hold back B．depend on
C．keep up D．apply for
解析：选A 任何一个外在的因素都不能阻止一个人强大的精神动力。hold back“阻挡，阻止”，符合语境。
17．A.answered B．controlled
C．met D．solved
解析：选C 很多伟人都遇到过困难，但他们不放弃，继续坚持而成就伟大的事业。
18．A.crazy B．small
C．new D．great
解析：选D 参见上题解析。
19．A.unable B．hesitate
C．hopeful D．likely
解析：选A 众所周知Beethoven耳聋，所以答案为unable (不能)。
20．A.slow B．wise
C．quick D．strong
解析：选A 根据后文“and write him off as stupid”可知，Einstein 学东西很慢。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Heading off to college this year? Here are some fashion tips from our experts you should keep in mind：
Dress to impress: Stylist and business consultant Daniela Smith says, “Girls should keep in mind that your college professors will often be the bridge that connects you to your future career and your classmates will become your professional network. You don’t need to dress like you’re going to the office, but you should display an ability to properly present yourself with appropriate maturity and confidence, and look put-together.”
Logo mania (品牌狂热症)：Wearing the logos of brands aimed at younger customers physically identifies you as part of that age group, so consider the targeted age group of the stores you shop at. It’s tempting to load up on logos, especially well-known logos that signify high-end brands. But consider this: college is a time of self-discovery, a chance to develop your own personal style. Instead of wearing logos head to toe, “walking advertisement” style, why not express who you really are?
Wear real pants: The combination of leggings and baggy shirts is all too common on college campuses. Smith points out that leggings, yoga pants, and sweatpants are entirely unacceptable in public unless you’re exercising. Although leggings worn as pants are a common trend among high school and college girls, they are not an appropriate choice for daywear. As a young woman, your style choice should begin to reflect your maturity level. So, get rid of leggings and wear real pants!
Keep the cute factor to a minimum: Stay away from sweaters and T-shirts with smiling animals, cartoon characters, or Hello Kitty on them. Sure, kittens might be cute, but they’re not doing you any favors in the style department. Dressing too cutesy can take years off your look, and not necessarily in a good way!
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。大学生怎么穿着才算得体？就此专家提出了一些建议……
1．The second paragraph indicates the importance of ______.
A．impressing professors
B．getting on well with classmates
C．creating a professional image
D．dressing appropriately
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话可知，D项正确，本段主要强调穿着要得体。
2．The author recommends wearing real pants because ________.
A．leggings and baggy shirts are too common
B．yoga pants and sweatpants are not so comfortable
C．real pants can present you with appropriate maturity
D．people like real pants better than the other pants
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句话“As a young woman, your style choice should begin to reflect your maturity level. So, get rid of leggings and wear real pants！”可知答案选C项。
3．What’s the writer’s attitude towards sweaters with animals on them?
A．They make people look lovely.
B．They are very fashionable these days.
C．They will show you’re an animal lover.
D．They are not suitable for college-aged students.
解析：选D 细节理解题。文章最后一段的最后一句话的意思是：穿着有像小猫、小狗这样可爱动物图案的衣服，显得与你的年龄不相符，由此可知D项正确。
4．In which magazine would you most likely find this passage?
A．Business Week. B．Parents.
C．Style. D．Travel & Leisure.
解析：选C 文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是大学生如何着装才最合适，这属于时尚(style)方面的话题，因此C项符合文意。
加餐练(二) 第Ⅱ卷规范增分练
Ⅰ.语法填空
I would like to say something about my first volunteer job when I __1__ (be) a freshman and what I have learned from that. It was at a local library. I put books in order, registered (登记) the books __2__ (borrow) and returned by people, and collected material during work hours. __3__ it was a boring job, it taught me a lot. I did realize that only by working __4__ (careful) can we get the library to be managed properly.
I was the only volunteer __5__ became paid due to my hard work and a work experience program at school. Although the pay wasn’t high and the work was hard __6__ (do), I thought it worthwhile. On the last day in the library, Mr Wang, who was one of the best __7__ (boss) I had ever seen, threw us a __8__ (surprise) party. Then the whole library staff signed us cards and gave us lots of other gifts. All of us at the party enjoyed __9__ (us) that day, and I was very proud __10__ the experience.
答案：1.was 2.borrowed 3.Although/Though 4.carefully 5.who/that 6.to do 7.bosses 8.surprising
9．ourselves 10.of
Ⅱ.短文改错
Friendship is importance. Everyone needs friendship. In all our lives we can’t live without friendship just like we can’t live without air and water. Friendship makes us getting on well with one another to go ahead under different kind of difficulties in front of us. But real friendship is easy to come by. True friendship must be sincerely and be based on understand each other but not on benefits of each other. A good friend can always be a good teacher to us. By his advice we are persuading to go the right way. Therefore more friends we have, the better we can improve ourself.
答案：第一句：is后加of或importance→important
第三句：like→as
第四句：getting→get; kind→kinds
第五句：is后加not
第六句：sincerely→sincere; understand→understanding
第八句：persuading→persuaded
第九句：Therefore后加the; ourself→ourselves
Ⅲ.书面表达
假如你是Mary，你的朋友Simon给你发来邮件向你征求学习英语的方法。请你就下面的内容给他回复，并谈谈自己的想法或建议。
1．朗读背诵，帮你记忆，养成用英语思维的习惯。
2．多听，多交际，可以提高听说能力。
3．……(自己的想法或建议)。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Simon，
I have received your letter asking me for advice about learning English._______________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Mary
参考范文：
Dear Simon，
I have received your letter asking me for advice about learning English. Now I’d like to tell you how you should learn English.
First of all, you should often read English aloud and try to learn something important by heart, which helps you to remember them easily and form a good habit of thinking in English. Besides, you should listen a lot and communicate with others in English. In this way, you will improve both your listening ability and your spoken English. What’s more, you should keep a diary in English every day and your written English will become better and better.
I hope what I’ve said is useful to you. I’m looking forward to your good news.
Best wishes.
Yours，
Mary
Module 1 Small Talk
Small talk seems “small”， because it is generally thought to be informal and not serious. However, if you say the wrong thing on a certain occasion, you'll make both sides awkward, for which you'll have to make an apology. As a consequence, it is necessary to be aware of some basic social rulesand do a little advance planning.
For example, if a friend who is not well off pays a visit to you, you can be hospitable to him, but never show off your riches during the conversation. Anyhow, you should be cautious about other people's feelings, even if he is an acquaintance.
In addition, you should learn to be a good listener. While doing small talk, you shouldn't yawn, sigh, or look away from the person who is talking to you, trying to use positive body language.
闲谈似乎是小事，因为人们一般认为闲谈不正式、不严肃。但是，如果在某个场合你说了错话，你会使双方很尴尬，你将不得不为此道歉。因此，有必要知道一些基本的社交规则，提前做点计划。
例如，如果一个不是很富有的朋友拜访你，你可以对他很热情，但在对话中千万不要炫耀你的财富。不管怎样，你应该注意别人的感受，即使他是个熟人。
另外，你应该学会成为一名好的倾听者。在聊天时，你不应该打呵欠、叹气或者是不看和你说话的人，尽量使用积极的身体语言。
课件3张PPT。课时跟踪练(一) Introduction & Reading — Pre reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In most languages, a greeting is usually followed by “small talk”. Small talk means the little things we talk about at the start of a conversation. In English-speaking countries people often make small talk about the weather: “Nice day, isn’t it？”
“Terrible weather, isn’t it？” But there is something special about small talk. It must be something which both people have the same opinion about. The purpose of small talk is to let both people agree on something. This makes meeting people easier and more comfortable. People usually agree about the weather, so it is a safe topic for small talk. But people often disagree about religion or politics so these are not suitable topics for small talk in English. The topics for small talk also depend on where the conversation is taking place. At football matches, people make small talk about the game they are watching: “Great game, isn’t it？” At bus stops, people may comment about the transport system: “The bus service is terrible, isn’t it？”
Greetings and small talk are an important part of conversation in any language. The way people greet each other and the things they talk about, however, may be different from one language to another. This shows that there is much more to learn when we learn a language than just the vocabulary and the grammar of the language. We also have to learn the social behavior of the people who speak it.
语篇解读：本文讲述了在西方文化中，经常用small talk来开始一段对话，而且对话的内容的选择也是有一定讲究的。
1．Which of the following is the common topic over small talk for native speakers of English?
A．Politics. B．Families.
C．Education. D．Weather.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段的“In English-speaking countries people often make small talk about the weather”可知选D。
2．Why do we make small talk according to the passage?
A．To let both people argue about something.
B．To let both people agree on something.
C．To enlarge our knowledge.
D．To kill our time.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The purpose of small talk is to let both people agree on something.”可知选B。
3．The passage suggests that when we learn a language,
A．we should understand the importance of the language
B．it’s necessary to learn about the culture of the country
C．we should learn about the transport system of the country
D．it’s enough to grasp the grammar and vocabulary of the language
解析：选B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，要掌握一门语言，学习这个国家的文化是很必要的。
4．It can be learned from the passage that ________.
A．it’s important to find a suitable small talk subject
B．small talk depends on the purpose of the conversation
C．in English-speaking countries we should talk about the weather
D．agreeing with each other is the key to a successful conversation
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据文章可知，在谈话时找到一个合适的话题是非常重要的，故选A。
B
Talking about
the weather
·Beautiful day, isn’t it?
·Can you believe all of this rain we’ve been having?
·It looks like it’s going to snow.
·It surely would be nice to be in Hawaii right now.
·I hear they’re calling for thunderstorms all weekend.
·We couldn’t ask for a nicer day, could we?
·How this weather?
·Did you order this sunshine？
Talking about
current events
·Did you catch the news today?
·Did you hear about that fire on Fourth Street?
·What do you think about this transit strike?
·I read in the paper today that the Sears Mall is closing.
·I heard on the radio today that they are finally going to start building the new bridge.
·How about those Reds? Do you think they’re going to win tonight？
At the office
·Looking forward to the weekend?
·Have you worked here long?
·I can’t believe how busy/quiet we are today, can you?
·Has it been a long week?
·You look like you could use a cup of coffee.
·What do you think of the new computers？
At a social
event
·So, how do you know Justin?
·Have you tried the cabbage rolls that Sandy made?
·Are you enjoying yourself?
·It looks like you could use another drink.
·Pretty nice place, huh?
·I love your dress. Can I ask where you got it？
Out for
a walk
·How old is your baby?
·What’s your puppy’s (宠物) name?
·The roses are sure beautiful at this time of year, aren’t they?
·How do you like the new park?
·Nice day to be outside, isn’t it？
Waiting
somewhere
·I didn’t think it would be so busy today.
·You look like you’ve got your hands full (with children or goods)．
·The bus must be running late today.
·It looks like we are going to be here a while, huh?
·I’ll have to remember not to come here on Mondays.
·How long have you been waiting？
语篇解读：本文通过表格罗列了在不同场合下闲谈的开头语。
5．What does the person mean by “I’ll have to remember not to come here on Mondays”？
A．On Mondays, I have to work.
B．I have to wait long here on Mondays.
C．I hate waiting on Mondays.
D．You should come here on Mondays.
解析：选B 句意猜测题。由表格中“Waiting some- where”部分推断出，说话者的意思是星期一拥挤或需要等待很久。
6．If you ask someone “How soon is your birthday？”， you are probably ________.
A．waiting at a doctor’s B．in a shopping mall
C．meeting a stranger D．at a party
解析：选D 推理判断题。只有双方有了一定的了解才有可能询问生日日期方面的信息。所以，这样的情况适合发生在某宴会上。
7．Which of the following are proper starters for a walking outside according to this passage?
A．Flowers, bad weather, shopping list.
B．High prices, baby’s age, delayed buses.
C．Sunshine, buying flowers, fashion.
D．Puppies, flowers, weather.
解析：选D 总结归纳题。“Out for a walk”涵盖了选项D中的全部，而其他选项中均有该部分没有涉及的话题。
8．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Starters of Small Talk
B．Examples of Small Talk
C．How to End Small Talk
D．Good Lines
解析：选A 标题归纳题。整个表格罗列的是闲谈的开头语，没有涉及其他主题。
C
I did an experiment by talking to strangers recently. Here are some things I experienced during the experiment.
On October 9th, while visiting my family hometown for a wedding, I met a man sitting on the side of the hotel pool. We started talking. It turned out that he had just moved to the area with his family from Chicago. I told him what I knew about the community, the schools, and particular neighborhoods where he was looking to buy a house. He was grateful to me for my information. The interaction made me feel useful and valuable.
On May 20th, we had three men from a tree trimming (修剪) company visiting our house to cut back our trees. Normally, I would let them work outside without engaging them in conversation. This time, after they finished their work, I asked one of the tree trimmers, only half-joking, if they fell off trees frequently. One of the tree trimmers said that he had been climbing trees for 27 years and reported he had fallen out of a tree once and hurt his knee. I loved that conversation. I didn’t always talk to someone whose job was to climb up trees, but it was interesting for learning about how they did it. I also realized I learned something new.
On May 30th, I went to an outdoor block party on Friday night, along with my wife and our 3-month-old baby. Our baby was wearing oversized noise-cancelling headphones that truly looked pretty ridiculous on a baby. When I tried to talk with others, they immediately started talking with me after seeing the baby. I found it was almost very easy to start talking with people when you had a baby with you.
All in all, I felt great about most of my interactions with strangers. Almost every interaction left me feeling a little happier. I also felt I learned new things by talking to people from different walks of life who I wouldn’t normally meet.
语篇解读：作者做了一个为期21天的与闲聊有关的试验，试验结束后发现自己颇有收获。
9．The man was grateful to the author because ________.
A．he made his first friend there
B．he gained some useful information
C．the author helped him kill the time
D．the author helped him make a decision
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段的“I told him what I knew ... grateful to me for my information.”可知，那人感激作者是因为得到了一些有用的信息。
10．What did the author probably learn from the experience on May 30th?
A．Babies are great conversation starters.
B．It’s inconvenient to go out with a baby.
C．People love looking at ridiculous babies.
D．It’s not challenging to talk with strangers.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句可知，这次经历让作者意识到小孩是开展闲聊的利器。
11．At this experiment, the author most probably found it ________.
A．useless B．exciting
C．rewarding D．embarrassing
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据末段的叙述可推断，作者觉得这次经历很值得。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
I always wanted to travel, but I didn’t know when to start.__1__ First and foremost I was afraid to do it alone. One day I decided to book tickets to places I had never been and escaped to a new part of the world for almost a year. I can tell you that being your own captain while crossing into unknown lands is the most self-developing experience. Let me explain to you why.
Free your mind. When you travel alone, the sense of having absolute freedom is amazing. Nothing frees your mind more than traveling alone. __2__ You don’t have to be afraid of not living up to someone else’s expectations. You get to just be yourself, so you can follow your own rhythm and desires.
__3__ Whether you’re traveling in a big city, tiny remote village or in the jungle, you can meet amazing people. When you travel somewhere, you are never actually alone for very long. Being alone in a new environment opens you up to experiencing what other people have to offer and learning from them.
__4__ Being completely alone in another part of the world challenges your fears. Just going somewhere on your own is a big step for some people. Fortunately it sounds more difficult than it actually is. When you make it to your destination, you will see how smoothly things can go. You will learn to control your fears instead of letting them control you.
See better from a distance.__5__ The same rule applies to traveling. When we distance ourselves from a situation, we get a better understanding of the issues. The problems that used to upset us at home often seem meaningless when we are far away.
A．Overcome your fears.
B．Meet people you never expected.
C．Have a chance to learn a new language.
D．You don’t have to listen to anyone but yourself.
E．Sometimes people don’t seem that interesting at first.
F．There was always something that stopped my feet.
G．When we climb a hill, we get a better view of what’s below.
答案：1～5 FDBAG
课时跟踪练(三) Other Parts of the Module
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She is very excited about winning the first prize (奖金)．
2．She replied (回答) that she was happy to accept our invitation.
3．He has made up his mind to overcome his shortcomings(缺点)．
4．They were interrupted (打断) by a knock at the door.
5．A woman such as she will surely be successful (成功的) in her career.
6．She went to Germany for the purpose (目的) of research.
7．The more learned a man is, the more modest (谦虚) he usually is.
8．It is a big opportunity (机会) to realize my dream and never knocks twice.
9．I’m very cautious (谨慎) about expressing my opinions in public.
10．It was impolite (不礼貌) of you to get in their conversation.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．They have come here by purpose to see you.by_→on
2．On the whole, I’m in the favour of the proposal.去掉第二个the
3．Jennie got up late and in a consequence she missed the bus.去掉a
4．She always takes a lead when we plan to do anything.a→the
5．Do me a favor to take a cake out of the box.第一个a→the
6．You should make apology to her for your carelessness.make后加an
7．They aware that this is not a good habit.aware前加are
8．We hope you can succeed your new post.succeed后加in
Ⅲ.选词填空
leave behind， be aware of， show off， next time， make an apology， cheer up， show up， be absent from
1．She was not aware of what was going on around.
2．Those boys always show off their sports skills to the girls.
3．If you don’t keep up with the times, you’ll get left behind.
4．Do remember to look me up the next time you’re in London.
5．He was absent from the party for one reason or another.
6．We waited for two hours, but he did not show up.
7．Cheer up! I’m sure you’ll feel better tomorrow.
8．I come to make_an_apology for keeping you waiting.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．A lack of confidence can lead to a lot of suffering.
2．Without more training or advanced (advance) technical skills, they’ll lose their jobs.
3．It is certain that something had gone wrong with the machine.
4．The chair looks hard but it is comfortable to sit on.
5．Hurry up, or_we cannot get to the railway station on time.
6．I got up early, but I needn’t have_done (do) so, because I had no work to do that morning.
7．They voted in favour of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.
8．He was absent from the conference yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.
9．I should make an apology to you for my rudeness last night.
10．He came here on purpose to discuss it with you.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．She gave us sandwiches for a picnic and a bag of cookies in_addition (另外)．
2．As_a_consequence (结果), children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.
3．My mind/memory was a complete blank, I_couldn’t_think_of_a_single_answer (我不能想起一个答案)．
4．At present, people are_aware_of_the_dangerous_situation (意识到危险的处境) we are facing.
5．Girls like showing_off_their_beautiful_dresses (炫耀她们漂亮的裙子) to everybody.
6．He cheered_up_at_once (立即高兴起来了) when his father promised to buy him a cellphone.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Do you know that there is a World Championship held each year for children who play golf? Nine-year-old Sky Sudberry knows about it because, along with thousands of other kids from around the world, she has taken part in it several times and won Golf Championship.
Sky is a 4th grader at The Woodlands Preparatory School near Houston, Texas, the U．S.. She is also one of the best golfers for her age in the world. Her greatness comes from a few places. First, she has a real passion for golf. She loves the sport. She also works very hard and practices every day. As golfing great Gary Player said “the harder you work, the luckier you get.” Sky is a great example of this.
Most inspiring to us is not just her work quality or her skill, but her sanguine attitude. Gary Player also said, “We create success or failure on the golf course mainly by our thoughts.” The same is true for life. For a young girl, Sky really seems to have a great attitude to the golf course, whether she is winning or losing. And even more importantly her attitude towards the golf course, in everyday life, seems to be just as active.
Sky, along with several other very inspiring young people, was featured in a recent documentary, The Short Game. It tells the story of 8 children who were struggling to win the World Championship. Although the movie is about golf, there are plenty of great life lessons for kids to learn. We highly advise you to see it sometime! But first, take a look at Sky’s inspiring story and then see how she with her dad and teachers lived an active life in the film!
语篇解读：九岁的Sky是一名四年级的学生。她喜欢体育运动，通过努力她荣获了世界儿童高尔夫球锦标赛的冠军。她的成功不仅仅在于她的技巧，更在于她对生活的积极态度。
1．It can be known that Sky ________.
A．is the best golfer in the world
B．loves playing golf from the heart
C．is a lucky girl actually
D．has a good golf teacher
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段“First, she has a real ... practices every day.”可知，Sky真正地热爱高尔夫球，她喜欢运动，也非常刻苦地每天练习。
2．What does the underlined word “sanguine” in Para.3 mean?
A．Positive. B．Aggressive.
C．Special. D．Bad.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词下文可知，最激励我们的不是她的职业素养或者打球技巧，而是她积极向上的态度。即画线词含义为“积极的”。
3．Why are kids advised to see the film The Short Game?
A．It can bring them much pleasure.
B．It gives them a lot of knowledge.
C．It helps children become cleverer.
D．It teaches them much about life.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Although the movie ... to see it sometime！”可知，虽然这部电影是关于高尔夫球的，但也有许多好的生活经验教授给孩子，“我”们强烈建议你们有时间观赏这部电影。
4．The writer writes the passage mainly to introduce __________.
A．how great Sky Sudberry is
B．the young active golfer — Sky Sudberry
C．how hard Sky Sudberry works
D．the daily life of Sky Sudberry
解析：选B 写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了9岁的高尔夫球手Sky Sudberry之所以能够成为冠军，不仅仅是因为她的职业素养和打球技巧，更是因为她积极向上的态度。由此推知，作者的写作目的是为了介绍这个积极的小高尔夫球手——Sky Sudberry。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Once upon a time there was a bad wizard who visited a city and __1__ (steal) a thousand tongues from those sleeping people. He took these tongues and cast a spell (施咒) on them, __2__ made them only able to say bad things about people. Then the wizard returned the tongues to their owners. In very little time, the city was filled __3__ the sound of people saying bad things about each other. Soon everyone was __4__ (anger) with everyone else.
On seeing all this, the good wizard decided __5__ (help) them. He cast a spell on the ears of all __6__ people living in the city. Under this spell, whenever the ears heard people criticizing __7__ (other), they would close up, so that nothing could be heard. With the time __8__ (pass), the tongues started to feel useless. Then they realized that saying good things about people meant that they would be listened to once again. So they forgot the spell __9__ (give) by the bad wizard. Although the bad wizard cast spells on tongues __10__ (constant), everyone knew they should put an end to saying bad things with the help of the good wizard.
答案：1.stole 2.which 3.with 4.angry 5.to help
6．the 7.others 8.passing 9.given 10.constantly
课时跟踪练(二) Introduction & Reading — Language Points
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We have an informal (非正式的) agreement to ride to school together.
2．I’d like to take this opportunity (机会) to thank everyone for their hard work on the project.
3．The enemy forces were advancing (前进) against our defense works.
4．She is certain (确信) that the young man has gone mad.
5．He blinked, yawned (打哈欠) and looked around.
6．He is good at his job but he seems to lack (缺乏) confidence.
7．His encouraging remarks inspired confidence(自信) in me.
8．We are currently focusing seriously (认真地) on this matter.
9．She greeted her neighbor with a nodding (点头)．
10．She sighed (叹气) as she lay back on the bed.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．People can use advance computer techniques to experience life in the future.
advance→advanced
2．I think him as a happy person with many friends.think_后加of
3．The chair bought in the shop is comfortable to sit.sit后加_on
4．Try to act confident, even if you feel nervous.confident→confidently
5．Call me tomorrow, or I’ll let you know the lab result.or→and
6．Stress and tiredness often result in a lack for concentration.for→of
Ⅲ.选词填空
think of， look away from， find out， in addition， be nervous about， make friends， be certain of， in advance of
1．I never see the picture but I think_of my college years.
2．I am determined to find_out the rights and wrongs of this matter.
3．Hiking is good sports. In_addition,_it is great fun.
4．She looked_away_from her computer and smiled at me.
5．She was_nervous_about walking home so late.
6．We are_certain_of your success, so be confident of yourself.
7．It is better to get to the airport in advance of at least a hour.
8．Helen is a very shy girl and does not make_friends easily.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
You might cross the road to avoid 1.talking (talk) to someone you recognise, or you would love to go to a party and talk 2.confidently (confident) to every guest. You needn’t worry about situations 3.like these if you have good social skills. People with good social skills communicate well and know how 4.to_have (have) a conversation. 5.It helps if you do a little advance planning.
Small talk is very important and 6.prepares (prepare) you for more serious conversations. Have some low-risk conversation openers ready. And listening is a skill 7.which most people lack, but communication is 8.a two-way process — it involves speaking and listening. Always remember — you won’t impress people 9.if you talk too much.
If you go to a social occasion in another country, remember that social rules 10.can be different.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
李明的学校要组织一次演讲，他的班主任鼓励他参加。然而，李明缺乏信心(lack confidence)。老师给了他下列建议：首先，他应该提前(in advance)准备好演讲稿。其次，演讲时，目光不能从观众身上移开(look away from), 另外(in addition), 他应该大声讲话以便使自己被清晰地听见。最后但同样重要的是，他应该相信自己。李明答应老师他会仔细考虑(think of)这件事，并第二天会给他答复。
Li_Ming’s_school_is_going_to_organize_a_speech_and_his_headteacher_encourages_him_to_take_part_in_it._However,_Li_Ming_lacks_confidence._The_teacher_gives_him_the_following_suggestions:_First,_he_should_prepare_the_speech_in_advance._Second,_when_he_makes_a_speech,_he_shouldn’t_look_away_from_the_audience. In_addition,_he_should_speak loudly_to_make_himself heard_clearly._Last_but_not_least,_he_should_believe_in_himself._Li_Ming_promises_his_teacher_that_he_will_think_of_it_carefully_and_give_him_the_answer_the_next_day.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
This is my last year in senior high school. I believe that I am a __1__ student. I am the most obedient (听话的) student. I always __2__ my homework on schedule. I devote almost all my time to my school work. Nearly all my course teachers __3__ me for my high grades.
When I was in elementary school, I was a(n) __4__ student so I knew I must work harder than others. I studied hard to __5__ my grade. I told myself that I had to achieve high grades in my senior high school, __6__ I had finished my junior high school, as part of my __7__ for entering university. __8__， I put a lot of effort during my time in senior high school, and I __9__ to achieve good grades all the time. Later, I __10__ that I had shown obvious improvement. Then I did some __11__ on universities that provide a finance degree. Eventually I __12__ that Warwick University is one of the best business degree universities in the world, __13__ in finance and accounting. I have looked over the courses and I am very interested in __14__ at Warwick University. I learn that most Warwick University graduates are __15__ and successful in their career. In addition, I like the __16__ since Warwick University is situated in the center of England and is __17__ to reach from big cities. I am looking forward to building a career in the __18__ sector (领域). The reason I __19__ the finance degree is that I am interested in analyzing companies’ economic positions.
By studying at Warwick University, I see a __20__ to be a good financial advisor. I believe I can build a successful career path in the future with Warwick University.
语篇解读：作者从小读书就非常努力，而且成绩很好。最后作者选择了Warwick University，因为他看中了这所大学的经济专业。
1．A.graduate B．good
C．new D．lucky
解析：选B 根据下文“I am the most obedient (听话的) student ... I devote almost all my time to my school work.”可知，“我”是一名好学生。
2．A.give out B．help with
C．check out D．hand in
解析：选D “我”总是按时交作业。
3．A.watch B．know
C．love D．amaze
解析：选C 因为“我”的成绩好，所以几乎我的所有任课教师都喜欢我。
4．A.great B．average
C．special D．intelligent
解析：选B 根据下文“so I knew I must work harder than others”可推知，“我”成绩一般。
5．A.keep B．serve
C．improve D．change
解析：选C 根据上文“I studied hard”可知，“我”刻苦学习，以提高成绩。
6．A.after B．though
C．because D．until
解析：选A 根据该空上下文可知，after符合句意。
7．A.confidence B．reward
C．pride D．preparation
解析：选D 为了实现上大学的目标，高中时要得到高分数，为以后考大学做准备。
8．A.However B．Besides
C．Therefore D．Still
解析：选C 根据该空上下文可知，此处为因果关系，故用Therefore。
9．A.failed B．managed
C．refused D．decided
解析：选B 根据上文“I put a lot of effort during my time in senior high school”可知，“我”设法总是获得高分。
10．A.realized B．heard
C．wished D．expected
解析：选A “我”总是获得高分数，所以“我”认识到自己进步很明显。
11．A.exercises B．experiments
C．work D．research
解析：选D 根据下文的叙述可知，“我”对提供金融学位的大学做了一番研究。
12．A.discovered B．told
C．agreed D．hoped
解析：选A 在做了一番研究后，“我”最后找到了自己心仪的大学。
13．A.clearly B．certainly
C．especially D．regularly
解析：选C 这所大学有最好的经济专业，尤其是在财经和会计方面。
14．A.teaching B．living
C．growing D．studying
解析：选D “我”对在Warwick University 学习很感兴趣。
15．A.nervous B．outstanding
C．strong D．anxious
解析：选B 根据下文“successful in their career”可知，Warwick University 的毕业生很优秀。
16．A.name B．courses
C．professors D．location
解析：选D 根据下文“since Warwick University is situated in the center of England”可知，“我”喜欢这所大学的位置。
17．A.easy B．safe
C．expensive D．necessary
解析：选A 因为这所大学在英格兰的中心，所以从各个大城市很容易到达这里。
18．A.service B．independent
C．financial D．educational
解析：选C 根据下文“The reason I __19__ the finance degree is that I am interested in analyzing companies’ economic positions.”可知，“我”想在财经领域建立一番事业。
19．A.hate B．choose
C．value D．ignore
解析：选B “我”选择财经专业是因为……。
20．A.chance B．job
C．suggestion D．plan
解析：选A “我”选择财经专业，而Warwick University有最好的财经专业，所以在这里学习，“我”看到了成为优秀财务顾问的机会。
Ⅱ.短文改错
There was my birthday last Sunday. A big party held for me at home. Some of my friend came to my home bringing us different kinds of gifts, such as books, cards, flowers, and so on. My parents spent over two hours prepared a special dinner. After dinner, we had a wonderfully party in the living room, at which my parents and friends said “Happy birthday” to me. All of us had a great fun in eating, drinking, singing or dancing. Of course I enjoy the birthday cake and noodles according to Chinese tradition. Finally I expressed my thanks to my parents in return to their love.
答案：第一句：There→It
第二句：party后加was
第三句：friend→friends; us→me
第四句：prepared→preparing
第五句：wonderfully→wonderful
第六句：去掉a; or→and
第七句：enjoy→enjoyed
第八句：第二个to→for
