2017_2018学年高中英语外研版选修6 Module2 Fantasy Literature Philip Pullman（课件试题教学案）（打包16套）外研版选修6

Module 2 Fantasy Literature Philip Pullman Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading-Pre-reading
The very first recorded literary worksin historywere fantasy: Homer'sOdyssey, TheBookofaThousandNightsandaNight and countless others.Modern literature formsare based on them.
Fantasy is particularly the only form of literature that has no clear boundaries between adult fiction and children's fiction. Lewis Garroll's books Alice'sAdventuresinWonderlandandThroughtheLookingGlass, for instance were published over 100 years ago. The books were in fact written for a child — the original Alice, who was the daughter of a friend of Carroll's.However, they are just as often read by adults looking for an escape back to a simple time.A more modern example is J．K.Rowling's Harry Potter series, which have caused a revolution in the publishing world.While these again are aimed ata youth market, they have become a fashion for people of all ages.
Recently, fantasy has enjoyed popularity (流行). The main reason for the popularity is the success of The Lord of the Rings series of films. Fantasy novel sales have benefited from social change, with the original The Lord of the Rings novels, the Harry Potter series becoming a force on bestseller lists. Even more recently, a work of historical fantasy, Dan Brown's TheDaVinciCode, has caught the imagination of the world.The novel was on top of TheNewYorkTimes' hardcover fiction bestseller list on April 11, 2005. It is clear that fantasy is showing no signs of reducing in popularity.
Section_ⅠIntroduction_&_Reading_—_Pre-reading

The Cat That Vanished①
Will was stupefied② with exhaustion③， and he might have gone④ on to the north, or he might have laid⑤ his head on the grass under one of those trees and slept; but as he stood trying to clear⑥ his head⑦， he saw a cat.
She was a tabby⑧， like Moxie. She padded⑨ out of a garden on the Oxford side of the road, where Will was standing⑩. Will put down? his shopping bag and held out? his hand, and the cat came up to?rub? her head against? his knuckles?， just as Moxie did. Of course, every cat behaved? like that, but all the same Will felt such a longing? to turn for home that? tears scalded? his eyes.
①vanish/'v?nI?/v.消失
②stupefied/'stju?pI?faId/adj.神志不清的，昏昏沉沉的
③exhaustion/Iɡ'z??st??n/n.疲惫，精疲力竭
④might have done表示对发生在过去的动作或过去存在的状态的推测，意为“本来可以做……”。
⑤lay v．放置，搁(laid, laid, laying)
⑥clear v．使……清晰/明了
⑦trying to clear his head作伴随状语。
⑧tabby/'t?bi/n.斑猫
⑨pad/p?d/v.(有规律地)悄悄行走
⑩where Will was standing是非限制性定语从句。
?put down放下　?hold out伸出
?come up to朝……走过来　?rub/r?b/v.蹭，摩擦
?against是介词，表示“靠着……”或“贴在……上”。
?knuckle/'n?kl/n.指节，掌指关节
?behave/bI'heIv/v.表现，举动
?longing/'l??I?/n.渴望
?such ... that “如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句。
?scald/sk??ld/v.热泪盈眶
消失的猫
[第1～2段译文]
威尔累得脑子都木了，他本可以继续向北走，也有可能在某棵树下头枕草地昏昏睡去；但是，正当他站在那儿，尽力让头脑清醒些的时候，他看见了一只猫。
那是一只母斑猫，就像(威尔家的)莫克西一样。它轻轻地走出靠着牛津一侧街道上的一个花园，威尔正站在街边。他放下购物袋，伸出手，那只猫跑过来用头在他的指关节上磨蹭，正如莫克西所做的那样。当然，所有的猫都是那样的。尽管如此，威尔还是渴望回家，以至于他热泪盈眶。
Eventually this cat turned away. This was night, and there was a territory topatrol， there were mice to hunt. She padded across the road and towards the bushes just beyond the hornbeam trees, and there she stopped.
Will, still watching， saw the cat behave curiously.
She reached out a paw to pat something in the air in front of her, something quite invisible to Will. Then she leapt backwards， back arched and fur on end， tail held out stiffly. Will knew cat-behaviour. He watched more alertly as the cat approached the spot again, just an empty patch of grass between the hornbeams and the bushes of a garden hedge， and patted the air once more.
turn away走开
patrol/p?'tr??l/v.巡逻，巡查
bush/b??/n.灌木，矮树
hornbeam/'h??nbi?m/n.角树，[植]鹅耳枥
现在分词watching作伴随状语。
paw/p??/n.爪子
pat/p?t/v.轻拍，轻打
invisible/In'vIz?bl/adj.看不见的
leap v．跳，跳跃(leapt/leaped，leapt/leaped)
backwards adv.向后
arch/ɑ?t?/v.拱起，成弓形
on end直立地；竖着
tail/teIl/n.尾巴
stiffly/'stIfli/adv.僵硬地，不灵活地
alertly/?'l??tli/adv.警觉地，警惕地
approach vt.接近，靠近
patch/p?t?/n.(与周围部分不同的)小块，斑
hedge/hed?/n.灌木(或小树)树篱
[第3～5段译文]
最终，这只猫转身跑开了。正值夜晚，它还要巡视自己的领地，捕捉老鼠。它轻轻地穿过马路，朝着角树林另一边的灌木丛走去，然后在那儿停了下来。,威尔继续盯着它，看到猫行为怪异。,它伸出爪子去拍打它面前空气中的某种东西，某种威尔完全看不见的东西。然后它向后一跃，脊背拱起，毛发竖立，尾巴僵直地伸着。威尔了解猫的习性。他更加警觉地看着，只见那只猫再次靠近那个地方——角树与花园树篱的灌木丛之间的一块空草地，又拍打了一下那里的空气。
Again she leapt back, but less far and with less alarm this time. After another few seconds of sniffing， touching, whisker-twitching， curiosityovercamewariness.
The cat stepped forward, and vanished.
Will blinked. Then he stood still， close to the trunk of the nearest tree, as a truck came round the circle and swept its lights over him. When it had gone past he crossed the road, keeping his eyes on the spotwhere the cat had been investigating. It wasn't easy, because there was nothing to fix on， but when he came to the place and cast about to look closely, he saw it.
alarm/?'lɑ?m/n.惊慌，恐慌
sniff/snIf/v.(以鼻)吸气，嗅，闻
whisker/'wIsk?/n.(猫的)胡须，触须
twitch/twIt?/v.抽动，颤动
curiosity n．好奇心
overcome/???v?'k?m/v.克服，战胜
wariness/'we?rIn?s/n.谨慎，小心
blink/blInk/v.眨眼睛
still adj.静止的
sweep over向……扩展
as a truck ...是时间状语从句。
keep one's eyes on注视，盯着看
where the cat ...是定语从句，修饰the spot。
investigate v．审查，调查，打量
fix on注视，凝视
cast about寻找，搜索，想办法
[第6～8段译文]
它再次向后一跃，但这次跳得没有那么远，也没有那么害怕了。又是几秒钟的嗅来嗅去、爪子触碰、胡须抽动，终于好奇心战胜了警惕性。,那只猫向前一迈，然后就消失了。,威尔眨了眨眼睛。然后他站着不动，紧靠离他最近的一棵树的树干，这时一辆卡车转弯驶过来，车灯照到他的身上。卡车开过去后，他穿过马路，眼睛盯着那只猫一直在打量的地方。这并不容易，因为他无法把目光集中在某件东西上。但是当他靠近那个地方并仔细观察时，他看到了它。
At least， he saw it from some angles. It looked as if someone had cut a patch out of the air， about two metres from the edge of the road, a patch roughlysquare in shape and less than a metre across. If you were level with the patch so that it was edge-on， it was nearly invisible, and it was completely invisible from behind. You could only see it from the side nearest the road, and you couldn't see it easily even from there, because all you could see through it was exactly the same kind of thing that lay in front of it on this side： a patch of grass lit by a street light.
But Will knew without the slightest doubt that that patch of grass on the other side was in a different world.
He couldn't possibly have said why. He knew it at once, as strongly as he knew that fire burned and kindness was good. He was looking at something profoundlyalien.
at least至少　at most至多
It looked as if ...看上去似乎……
edge/ed?/n.边，边缘
roughly/'r?flI/adv.大概地，粗略地
square/skwe?/adj.正方形的
shape/?eIp/n.形状， in shape在形状上
level/'levl/adj.同高度的
so that it was edge-on是结果状语从句。
you could see through it是定语从句，修饰不定代词all，省略关系词that。
that引导定语从句，修饰the same kind of thing。
过去分词短语作定语，修饰a patch of grass。
without the slightest doubt“毫不怀疑地”，其后的that引导同位语从句。
as ...as ...“像……一样……”，引导比较状语从句。
profoundly/pr?'fa?ndlI/adv.极度地
alien/'eIlI?n/adj.陌生的
[第9～11段译文]
至少，他从某些角度看到了。那儿看上去就像有人在距离路边大约两米的地方将空间切开了一块，它大体呈方形，边长不到一米。如果你与那块空间处在同等高度，从侧面看你几乎看不到它，从后面则完全看不见它。只有从最靠近马路的一边才能看到它，但也很难看清楚，因为透过它，你所看到的一切与这一边的完全相同：被一盏街灯照亮的一片草地。,但是威尔深信不疑，另一边的那块草地在一个不同的世界里。,他不可能说得出所以然来。他只是马上就知道了，就好像他知道火会燃烧、善意是美好的一样。他所注视着的是某种完全陌生的东西。
And for that reason alone, it enticed him to stoop and look further. What he saw made his head swim and his heart thump harder, but he didn't hesitate： he pushed his shopping bag through， and then scrambled through himself, through the hole in the fabric of this world and into another.
He found himself standing under a row of trees. But not hornbeam trees: these were tall palms， and they were growing, like the trees in Oxford, in a line along the grass. But this was the centre of a broad boulevard， and at the side of the boulevard was a line of cafés and small shops, all brightly lit, all open, and all utterly silent and empty beneath a sky thick with stars. The hot night was laden with the scent of flowers and with the salt smell of the sea.
entice/In'taIs/v.吸引，诱使
stoop/stu?p/v.俯身，弯腰
swim/swIm/v.眩晕，头昏眼花
thump/θ?mp/v.(由于生气、恐惧或兴奋等心脏)怦怦直跳
hesitate v．犹豫，迟疑
push ...through把……推过去
scramble/'skr?mbl/v.爬，攀
fabric/'f?brIk/n.结构，框架
palm/pɑ?m/n.棕榈树
boulevard/'bu?l??vɑ?d/n.林阴大道，大街
utterly/'?t?li/adv.完全地，绝对地
beneath prep.在……之下
(be) thick with ...充满/布满……的
be laden with(空气中)充溢着(某种味道)的
[第12～13段译文]
仅仅是那一个理由，就足以吸引着他俯下身子向更深处望去。他看到的一切使他头晕目眩，心跳加速，但是他却没有迟疑：他把购物袋塞了过去，继而自己也钻了过去——穿过现实世界框架上的这个洞，进入了另一个世界。,他发现自己站在一排树下。这是一些高大的棕榈树，而不是角树。像在牛津的一样，那些树木沿着草地排列成行。只是，他所处的是一条宽阔的马路的中央，路的一侧是一排咖啡馆和小商店，灯火通明，还在营业，在布满繁星的夜空下，所有的店铺都静悄悄地，无人光顾。在这个炎热的晚上，空气中弥漫着鲜花的芳香和海水咸咸的味道。
Will looked around carefully. Behind him the full moon shone down over a distant prospect of great green hills, and on the slopes at the foot of the hills there were houses with rich gardens and an open parkland with groves of trees and the white gleam of a classical temple.
Just beside him was that bare patch in the air, as hard to see from this side as from the other, but definitely there. He bent to look through and saw the road in Oxford, his own world. He turned away with a shudder： whatever this new world was， it had to be better than what he'd just felt. With a dawninglight-headedness， the feeling that he was dreaming but awake at the same time， he stood up and looked around for the cat, his guide.
prospect/'pr?spekt/n.视野，景象，景色
slope/sl??p/n.斜坡，斜面
parkland/'pɑ?k?l?nd/n.公共绿地
grove/gr??v/n.(尤指树木排列成行的)树丛
gleam/ɡli?m/n.亮光，反光
bare/be?/adj.光秃秃的
as ...as ...表示“和……一样……”。
bend/bend/v.弯腰，屈身
shudder/'??d?/n.战栗，发抖
whatever this new world was是让步状语从句。
dawning/'d??nI?/adj.开始出现的，开始发展的
light-headedness/?laIt'hedIdn?s/n.头晕，眩晕
dream/dri?m/v.做梦
awake/?'weIk/adj.醒着的，清醒的
that引导同位语从句，说明feeling的具体内容。
look around for四处寻找
[第14～15段译文]
威尔仔细地环顾四周。在他身后，满月映照着远处壮丽的青山的轮廓，山脚下的斜坡上坐落着带有美丽花园的房子，还有一块树木丛生的公共绿地，一座古典风格的庙宇在其上闪着微微的白光。,空气中的那个空洞就在他身边，无论是从这边还是那边都很难看见，但确定无疑地存在着。俯身向空洞的那一边望去，他看到了自己的世界——牛津的街道。他不禁一颤，转过身来：无论这个新世界如何，总会好过他刚刚离开的那个世界。带着逐渐出现的眩晕感觉，那种处在半梦半醒之间的感觉，他站起身来环顾四周寻找他的向导——那只猫。
Pre-reading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．behave　　　　 A．not exactly
2．guide B．to disappear suddenly
3．roughly C．a feeling of being uncertain about sth. or not believing sth.
4．vanish D．to do things in a particular way
5．doubt E．to persuade sb./sth. to go somewhere or to do sth.,
usually by offering them sth.
6．entice F．completely
7．utterly G．a book, a magazine, etc.that gives you information,
help or instructions about sth.
1～5__________　6～7__________
答案：1～5　DGABC　6～7　EF
Lead-in
Look at the pictures and answer the following question.
What do you know about HisDarkMaterials?
参考答案：His_Dark_Materials,_written_by_Philip_Pullman,_is_one_of_thegreatest_fantasystories_ever_written._It_includes_three_books,_Northern_Lights,_The_Subtle_Knife_and_The_Amber_Spyglass._The_heroine_is_a_young_girl_called_Lyra_and_the_hero_is_a_boy_called_Will.
While-reading
Fast-reading
Skim the text and choose the best answer.
Why did the author choose “The Cat That Vanished” as the title of this passage?
A．The cat was Will's loved pet cat.
B．It was the cat that led Will to another world.
C．The cat belonged to another world.
D．The cat is said to have super power.
答案：B
Careful-reading
(Ⅰ)True (T) or False (F)．
1．It was very late at night when all this happened.__T__
2．Will was excited because he had done some shopping.__F__
3．The cat behaved strangely in order to attract Will's attention.__T__
4．Will was not so brave that he dared not enter the new world.__F__
5．Will had no doubt that that patch of grass on the other side was in a different world.__T__
6．Will thought the new world was better than the world where he once lived.__T__
(Ⅱ)Fill in the form with the information in the text.
Meeting a cat
Time
1.At_night
Place
A garden on the Oxford side of the road
Strange 2.behaviour
of the cat
·Patting something in the air
·Leaping back, her back arched and fur on end
·Holding her 3.tail out stiffly
Finding a patch in the air
4.Features of the patch
It's 5.two meters from the edge of the road；6.square in shape and about a meter across; nearly invisible
What Will did
Pushing his shopping bag through and 7.scrambling through himself, Will entered a new world
The new world
Scenery
·A broad boulevard with cafés and small shops
·Green hills and houses with rich 8.gardens
·An open parkland and a 9.temple
Will's plan
To look around for the 10.cat and learn about the new world
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．When it had gone past he crossed the road, keeping his eyes on the spot where the cat had been investigating.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]　卡车开过去后，他穿过马路，眼睛盯着那只猫一直在打量的地方。
2．It wasn't easy, because there was nothing to fix on, but when he came to the place and cast about to look closely, he saw it.
[句式分析]　
[尝试翻译]　这并不容易，因为他无法将目光集中在某件东西上。但是当他靠近那个地方并仔细观察时，他看到了它。
3．You could only see it from the side nearest the road, and you couldn't see it easily even from there, because all you could see through it was actually the same kind of thing that lay in front of it on this side: a patch of grass lit by a street light.
[句式分析]　and连接两个并列分句；第二个逗号后的部分是原因状语从句，其中you could see through it为定语从句修饰all; that lay in front of it on this side也是定语从句修饰thing；冒号后面的部分是对the same kind of thing的解释说明。
[尝试翻译]　只有从最靠近马路的一边才能看到它，但也很难看清楚，因为透过它，你所看到的一切与这一边的完全相同：被一盏街灯照亮的一片草地。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Fantasies for young readers really began with the fairy tales of writers such as the Brothers Grimm. Of course, all the children who grow up reading these books and tales never, at heart, really grow up at all, for such wonderful stories are forever carved in their minds. And fairy tales are as much fun to read when we are fifty, only for memorable reasons, as they were when we were children.
But it's obvious these days that fantasies aren't only for the little ones. In 1977, 23 years after TheLordoftheRings by Tolkien was published, Terry Brooks published his first novel, TheSwordofShannara. It became the first work of fiction ever to appear on TheNewYorkTimes trade paperback bestseller list, where it remained for over five months. Following the release of Tolkien's work, earlier works of fantasy, like T．H. White's TheOnceandFutureKing and E．R. Eddison's TheMezentianGate (in 1958) came out before TheSwordofShannara, but neither had an influence quite like TheSwordofShannara. Fantasies were truly reborn.
As the popularity of fantasies began to grow quickly, the film and television industry climbed_aboard_the_bandwagon. During the 1980s, the fantasy/adventure movie was born. DetectiveConan is a classic to the 1980s. Other less memorable films can still be found in video stores. The lack of really good fantasy movies in the recent past can be blamed on substandard (低于标准的) special effects. However, now, in an age of post-modern computer technology, the impossible is no longer a concern. Since the release and popularity of TheLordoftheRings, cinema screen production rights have been purchased for scores of fantasy novels, from Terry Brooks to Robert Jordan.
The future of fantasies has never looked so assured. Even children's cinema has had its own successes through the big screen release of the Harry Potter series and the classic Peter Pan. While there remains a choice to go beyond the reality we know, there will always be fantasies.
语篇解读：奇幻作品对每个年龄段的人都有吸引力。作者相信，随着电脑技术的发展，奇幻文学的前景将会非常广阔。
1．What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A．Fairy tales live in people's mind.
B．Fantasies are attractive to persons of all ages.
C．Fantasies appear earlier than fairy tales.
D．The Brothers Grimm is famous for TheSwordofShannara.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“And fairy tales are as much fun ...we were children.”可知，不论是孩子还是中老年人都觉得童话很有趣，由此可推知，奇幻作品对各个年龄段的人都具有吸引力。
2．Which of the following fantasy books showed the rebirth of fantasies?
A．TheSwordofShannara.
B．TheLordoftheRings.
C．TheOnceandFutureKing.
D．TheMezentianGate.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二、三、四、五句话可知，TheSwordofShannara的出版标志着奇幻文学的重生。
3．The underlined phrase “climbed aboard the bandwagon” probably means “________”．
A．faced challenges　 　　 B．gave up hope
C．made an announcement D．followed the trend
解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的第一句话可知，奇幻文学越来越受欢迎；由第三段中的倒数第一、二句话可知，由于电脑技术的发展，随着奇幻文学的流行，电影业和电视业也加入到这个大潮中来，由此可判断本短语的含义为“顺应潮流”。
4．What attitude does the writer have towards the future of fantasies?
A．Uncertain. B．Optimistic.
C．Uninterested. D．Worried.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The future of fantasies has never looked so assured.”可推知，作者对奇幻文学的未来持乐观态度。
B
A homeless man will have his Christmas wish come true when he sits down for dinner with his family for the first time in 12 years after being reunited with them through Facebook.
George Cunningham told Lee, a photographer, that his main concern over the holidays would simply be finding somewhere he could sit down and have a Christmas dinner. “I'm homeless and travelling around to any town that has shelter for the homeless people so that I can get a bed for the night. If I had to sleep out in this cold weather, I'd be dead already，” he said. Lee told SkyNews that he thought the man's simple Christmas wish was pretty amazing.
When George's photograph was put on the Facebook page, which posts images of ordinary Irish men and women, the response was surprising with dozens of people offering to pay for his meal or even host him themselves.
One day, Lee was contacted (联系) by George's sister, who had not communicated with her brother for 12 years. She wanted to invite George home for the holidays, but Lee had no way to contact George in Kinsale, a small fishing port in County Cork. “I have to ring around the town and get someone to find him，” he told SkyNews. Finally someone found him and he rang him up.
This year, George will go home to spend Christmas with his family. But the offers of help haven't ended there. A hotel administrator near his family home said George could spend a night there if he wanted and a clothes store also offered him a new suit for the big reunion.
George said it was all hard to believe that after his photo was put on the Internet, he suddenly started getting offers of meals and stuff.
语篇解读：一个12年无家可归的人，通过网络找到了家人，并将实现自己多年的圣诞晚餐愿望。
5．Who contributed a lot for George's dream coming true?
A．His sister. B．A photographer.
C．A hotel owner. D．A clothes storekeeper.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段首句和末句以及第三段的内容可知，George告诉了摄影师Lee他的圣诞愿望，而Lee把他的照片放在Facebook上，引起了众人的关注，包括他姐姐，并最终梦想成真。因此B项正确。
6．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．George sometimes had no bed for the night
B．many people recognized George from the Facebook
C．George didn't have a Christmas dinner with his family for 12 years
D．Lee didn't expect Facebook could help George realize his dream
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文中对George的梦想描述可推断，他12年来从未和家人吃过圣诞晚餐，故答案选C项。
7．How did Lee try to contact George again?
A．He phoned George himself.
B．He phoned George's sister.
C．He met George in Kinsale.
D．He let someone else find George.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，Lee打电话给村里的人，让他们帮助找George，故答案选D项。
8．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．Facebook helps lost people find home
B．A homeless man homes for Christmas
C．No dreams will fail to come true
D．Find ways to try to help the homeless
解析：选B　标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，B项既能概括文章主题，语言也简练清晰。
C
Ever wonder why playgrounds only belong to children? When you reach your mid-twenties, you aren't expected to enjoy yourself as freely as you would in your teenage years. Why is such enjoyment limited to a particular age group only? A major culprit has to be our society's tradition about sticking to life's goals and advancing in a career path. But today, we'll be shifting our attention towards a less-known reason — the absence of playing equipment for older generations.
The fix is easy and difficult at the same time. Easy, because the obvious way of rectifying (纠正) the matter would be to have playground equipment for adults placed in parks and on playgrounds with ones meant for younger generations. And it is difficult because not many companies make such play-structures and encouraging older people to frequent such locations is a hard task. Not many people would like to leave a few hours out of their already-busy routines to play. However, some companies have started installing (安装) play-structures big and strong enough for average-sized adults.
Could gyms provide the service? It depends on how you plan to use the gym-space for recreational purposes and mostly, they're used to gain fitness only. And none of the time spent at the gym for this reason is considered to be recreational since it is not fun at all. When was the last time you saw somebody dead lifted 150 pounds? Never.
But if you modernize gyms and aim to provide activities other than, or alongside, fitness ones, then yes, gyms could be used for recreational and fun purposes. We've already seen examples including pool tables, badminton and squash (壁球) spaces in gyms and they are all great ways to get new adults and older people to have fun on a regular basis like children.
语篇解读：游乐场地并非孩子们的专属，成年人也应该从繁忙的生活中抽出时间来享受玩耍的乐趣。
9．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “culprit” in Paragraph 1?
A．React. B．Effect.
C．Cause. D．Crime.
解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的问句可知，画线词所在句子是在解释原因：人们普遍觉得大人们更应该致力于人生目标与事业，而不是玩耍。故选C项。
10．According to Paragraph 2, why is it easy to solve the problem?
A．Because many people prefer to play on the playground.
B．Because the solution to the problem is easy to find.
C．Because children are willing to share the playground with others.
D．Because companies have produced play-structures for adults.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，如果说容易，是因为解决成年人不能在游乐场地娱乐的问题的方法是显而易见的，那就是在游乐场地安放适合成年人娱乐的器材。
11．Which of the following best describes the relation between the paragraphs?
解析：选A　文章结构题。文章第一段提出成年人缺乏娱乐的问题，后三段提出了解决方法，即：在游乐场地(第二段)和健身房(第三、四段)安装适合成年人娱乐的器材。
12．Which of the following statements will the author mostly agree to?
A．The government should provide playing equipment for adults.
B．Gyms should be modernized to satisfy all age groups' needs.
C．The playground should be provided for children only.
D．It's a waste of money to go to professional gyms.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者认为应该让健身房现代化以便满足所有年龄段人们的需求。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Cleaning is necessary to enjoy the feeling after you clean — when everything is clean and in order. You feel better about yourself because you were productive and accomplished something that is beneficial to everyone in your household. Many people believe that cleaning is boring and tiring. __1__
__2__ To make things easier on you if you have a full day of other activities, clean a little bit at a time. For example, dust all of your furniture one day and then clean your floors the next. Or find something else that needs to be done.
Turn on your favorite music (CDs, radios, music videos on TV, etc.). Just let it all out. Dance, sing, and act crazy. __3__ Have some fun-act silly. You might like it. And it makes the tasks more manageable.
__4__ You'll feel more organized when you have a list to follow. The feeling of accomplishment of your goals is also rewarding. And when you've done with the list, reward yourself by doing something fun.
Cleaning doesn't always have to be drudgery (苦差事). The biggest tip I can give is not to let things get piled up and disgustingly (讨厌地) dirty. __5__ Do the things that need to be done routinely so that you won't have even more work to do when you get down to cleaning.
A．Cleaning doesn't have to be done in full all at one time, unless you want it to.
B．So you should enjoy cleaning your house and make others happy.
C．Write down a list of things that are the most important to do for that cleaning session.
D．But contrary to popular belief, cleaning can be madefun.
E．In fact, leaving things aside is sometimes a good idea.
F．You might feel silly, but try not to take yourself so seriously.
G．In other words, don't put off cleaning.
答案：1～5　DAFCG
课件34张PPT。At nightbehaviourtailFeaturestwosquarescramblinggardenstemplecatModule 2 Fantasy Literature Philip Pullman Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading-Language Points
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.noveln．　　　　　　　　小说
2.vanishv. 消失
3.doubtn. 怀疑
4.patv. 轻拍，轻打
5.edgen. 边，边缘
6.shapen. 形状
7.bendv. 弯腰，屈身
8.dawningadj. 开始出现的，开始发展的
9.dreamv. 做梦
10.awakeadj. 醒着的，清醒的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.behavev．表现，举动→behaviour n．举止，行为
2.definitelyadv.确定地，一定地→definite adj.确定的，一定的
3.hesitatev．犹豫，迟疑→hesitation n．犹豫，迟疑
4.directionn．方向→direct v．指导，指引
5.longingn．渴望→long v．渴望
6.exhaustionn．疲惫，精疲力竭→exhaust v．使……疲惫→exhausted adj.疲惫的
7.bitev．咬，咬伤→bit (过去式)→bitten (过去分词)
8.invisibleadj.看不见的→visible adj.看得见的→vision n．视力，视觉
9.roughlyadv.大概地，粗略地→rough adj.粗略的；粗糙的
10.profoundlyadv.深深地，极度地→profound adj.深深的，深刻的
1.vanish v．消失
[同义]　disappear
2.doubt v．&n．怀疑
[同义]　suspect v．怀疑，不相信 adj.怀疑的
3.pat (patted, patted) v．轻拍，轻打
[联想]　touch vt.触动，触摸
4.bend (bent, bent) v．弯腰，屈身
[词块]　bend down弯腰
5.dawning adj.开始出现的，开始发展的
[联想]　dawn n．黎明，拂晓
6.dream (dreamed/dreamt, dreamed/dreamt) v．做梦
[词块]　dream of/about梦想，梦见
7.awake adj.醒着的，清醒的
[联想]　wake v．叫醒
8.definitely adv.确定地，一定地
[串记]　I can definitely say that he will give you a definite answer soon.
9.direction n．方向
[串记]　I'm sorry todirectyou in the wrong direction.
10.hesitate v．犹豫，迟疑
[串记]　He was stillhesitatingover whether to leave or not, and his hesitationmade us very unhappy.
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.play an important part in　　　在……中起重要作用
2.put down 放下
3.hold out 伸出
4.come up to 朝……走过来
5.turn away_ 走开，打发走，将……拒之门外
6.sweep over 向……扩展
7.keep one's eyes on 注视，盯着看，注意
8.fix on 注视，凝视
9.cast about 寻找，搜索，想办法
10.(be) laden with (空气中)充溢着(某种味道)的
11.look around for 四处寻找
1.clear his head　　清醒了一下头脑
2.all the same 都一样
3.reach out a paw 伸出一只爪子
4.once more 再一次
5.after another few seconds
又过了几秒之后
6.cross the road 横过马路
7.be level with 和……相同
8.look around 环顾四周
9.with a shudder 颤抖了一下
10.at the same time 同时
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.Then she leapt backwards, back arched and fur on end, tail held out stiffly.
然后它向后一跃，脊背拱起，毛发竖立，尾巴僵直地伸着。
本句中back arched, fur on end, tail held out stiffly为独立主格结构，表示伴随状况。
Work_finished,_they went home.
工作完成后，他们回家了。
2.It looked as ifsomeone had cut a patch out of the air ...
那儿看上去就像有人将空间切开了一块……
as if“似乎，好像”，引导表语从句，且从句表示对过去的虚拟语气。
She fixed her eyes on the boy as if she_had_recognised_him.
她注视着这个男孩，就好像她已经认出了他一样。
3.He found himself standingunder a row of trees.
他发现自己站在一排树下。
句中found himself standing属于“find＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构，宾补由现在分词短语充当。
Tom found_himself_walking in the direction of John's place.
汤姆发觉自己正朝约翰的住处走去。
4.Just beside him was that bare patch in the air.
空气中的那个空洞就在他身边。
本句用了全部倒装。介词短语位于句首，句子要全部倒装。
In the front of the lecture hall sat_the_speaker.
在演讲大厅的前面坐着演讲者。
1．(教材P16)The cat behaves in a strange way.
这只猫的举止异常。
?behave v．表现，举动
behave well/badly　　　　　 举止得体/不当
behave oneself 注意举止，守规矩
behavio(u)r n. 举止，行为
①Parents should educate their children to behave well.
父母应当教育子女举止得体。
②Behave yourself (you)! Otherwise I'll have you go out of my room.
规矩点，否则我会将你赶出我的房间。
③You should be more thoughtful of your behavio(u)r (behave)．
你应该更加注意你的举止。
2．(教材P16)Will put down his shopping bag and held out his hand, and the cat came up to rub her head against his knuckles, just as Moxie did.
威尔放下他的购物袋，伸出手，那只猫跑过来用头在他的指关节上磨蹭，正如莫克西所做的那样。
?put down放下；记下；镇压；降落；让某人下车
写出下列句中put down的含义
①Will you put down your address here？记下
②Put me down at the next corner please.让某人下车
③The army is determined to put down the rebellion (叛乱)．镇压
④The enemy put down arms and gave in.放下
put aside　　　　　　　 把……放在一边；忽视
put away 放好，收好；积蓄
put out 出版；扑灭；生产
put up 搭起；住宿；张贴
⑤If you want to call a meeting or anything, put up a notice.
要想召集会议或其他的事，就要张贴个通知。
?hold out伸出；维持，坚持；给予
hold back　　　　 阻止，抑制；隐瞒
hold on 继续；抓住不放；(打电话)不挂断
hold together 连在一起，团结一致
hold up 举起，撑起；阻碍，延迟
①Heheld out his hand to put down the important event.
他伸出了手去记下这一重要的事件。
②She was unable to hold back her excitement.
她按捺不住激动的心情。
③The building work has been held up by bad weather.
由于天气不好，这栋大楼的建造工作推迟了。
④Hold on a minute while I get my breath back.
稍等，让我喘口气。
?come up to朝……走过来；达到，符合
come up　　　　　　　　 长出；被提出
come up with 提出，想出
come about 发生
come out 开花；出版；结果是
come across 偶然遇见
come to an end 结束
①Your work does not come up to what we expect of you.
你的工作没达到我们的期望。
②I had a hard time trying to come up with an idea.
为了想出主意我苦思了半天。
③Don't lose heart when you come across difficulties.
遇到困难时你不要灰心。
3．(教材P16)Eventually this cat turned away.
最终，这只猫转身跑开了。
?turn away走开；离开；把……打发走；不让进入；转向别处
写出下列句中turn away的含义
①Because the hall was full, many people were turned away.把……打发走
②She turned away, pretending to look at somewhere else.转向别处
③He didn't need any help so his friends turned away.走开；离开
turn out　　　　　　 结果是；证明是
turn over 翻转；移交
turn down 关小，调低，拒绝(＝refuse)
turn to 求助于；转向
turn in 上交；交还
turn up 出现；调大
④It turned_out far better than I had expected.
结果比我预料的好得多。
⑤You can always turn to him for help if you meet with difficulty.
如果遇到困难，你总是可以找他帮忙。
⑥We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7：30, but he failed to turn up.
我们约定7点30分在电影院见面，但他没来。
4．(教材P16)It wasn't easy, because there was nothing to fix on, but when he came to the place and cast about to look closely, he saw it.
这并不容易，因为他无法把目光集中在某件东西上。但是当他靠近那个地方并仔细观察时，他看到了它。
?fix on注视，凝视；选定，决定
fix one's eyes on　　　　　　 注视，凝视
fix one's attention/mind on 把某人的注意力/思想集中于
fix up 修理，修补
①We've finally fixed on a place to have the concert.
我们终于定好了举行音乐会的地点。
②You must fix_your_eyes_on the ball when you play tennis.
打网球时你必须盯住球。
③Please fix_your_attention_on what you are doing now.
请专心做你现在正在做的事。
5．(教材P16)It looked as if someone had cut a patch out of the air, about two metres from the edge of the road, a patch roughly square in shape and less than a metre across.
那儿看上去就像有人在距离路边大约两米的地方将空间切开了一块，它大体呈方形，边长不到一米。
?shape n．形状，外形
(1)in shape　　　　　 状态良好；健康状况/体形好
in the shape of 呈……的形状；以……的形状
out of shape 变形
(2)shape vt. 塑造，定形，使……成形
be shaped like ... 形状像……
①Plenty of exercise will help you keep in shape.
大量的体育锻炼将有助于你保持身体健康。
②The garden behind our house is in_the_shape_of a square.
我们房子后面的花园是方形的。
③The building is shaped like a huge bird nest.
那座建筑的形状像一个巨大的鸟巢。
6．(教材P17)But Will knew without the slightest doubt that that patch of grass on the other side was in a different world.
但是威尔深信不疑，另一边的那块草地在一个不同的世界里。
?doubt vt.&n．怀疑，疑惑，不信
(1)n.怀疑，疑惑
doubt＋whether引导的同位语从句(肯定句中)
doubt＋that引导的同位语从句(否定句中)
no/without/beyond doubt　　 无疑，的确
be in doubt 不肯定，不确定
There is no doubt that ... 毫无疑问……
①There is no doubt that we will win the first place.
毫无疑问，我们将赢得第一。
②I have doubt whether he will keep his word/promise.
我怀疑他是否会遵守诺言。
③No/Without/Beyond doubt he will give you some advice on your study.
无疑，他会给你一些关于学习的建议的。
(2)vt.对……不肯定，怀疑
doubt sb./sth.　　　　 怀疑某人/某事
doubt＋whether/if引导的宾语从句(肯定句中)
doubt＋that引导的宾语从句(否定句中)
④His offence is so serious that I doubt whether he can be pardoned for it.
他的过错十分严重，我怀疑他是否会得到原谅。
⑤I don't doubt that Jane will continue to work here.
简明年会继续在这儿工作这事儿肯定无疑。
7．(教材P17)What he saw made his head swim and his heart thump harder, but he didn't hesitate ...
他看到的一切使他头晕目眩，心跳加速，但是他却没有迟疑……
?hesitate v．犹豫，迟疑
(1)hesitate about/over (doing) sth.　 对……犹豫不决
hesitate to do sth. 对做……有顾虑
(2)hesitation n. 犹豫，踌躇
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
①He washesitating about giving her the secret.
他对是否告诉她秘密还犹豫不决。
②When (you are) in need, don't hesitate to_ask (ask) me for help.
需要时，请不必客气地找我帮忙。
③No matter when my motherland needs us, we will go without_hesitation.
无论什么时候，只要祖国需要我们，我们就会毫不犹豫地出发。
8．(教材P17)With a dawning light-headedness，the feeling that he was dreaming but awake at the same time, he stood up and looked around for the cat, his guide.
带着逐渐出现的晕眩感觉，那种处在半梦半醒之间的感觉，他站起身来环顾四周寻找他的向导——那只猫。
?dreamv．&n．做梦；梦想
dream of/about sb./sth.　 梦到某人/事
dream of/about doing sth. 梦想做某事
dream that ... 梦到/梦想……
dream sth.up 凭空想了，构思，创造，设计
①I've been dreamingof owning my own business.
我一直梦想拥有自己的企业。
②I never dreamed_that I should see you again.
我从来没有想过会再次见到你。
③We need to dream up a marketing plan for our product.
我们需要为我们的产品设想出一个市场计划。
1．Then she leapt backwards, back arched and fur on end, tail held out stiffly.
然后它向后一跃，脊背拱起，毛发竖立，尾巴僵直地伸着。
本句中back arched, fur on end, tail held out stiffly为独立主格结构。独立主格结构通常在句中作状语，可表示原因、条件、伴随状况等，其常见结构如下：
(1)名词/主格代词＋现在分词(短语)。名词和主格代词与现在分词之间是主谓关系。
①Weather permitting (＝If weather permits), we'll go for a picnic tomorrow.
如果天气允许，明天我们出去野餐。
(2)名词/主格代词＋过去分词(短语)。名词和主格代词与过去分词之间是动宾关系。
②He lied on the grass listening to music, his eyes closed (close)．
他躺在草地上，听着音乐，闭着眼睛。
(3)名词/主格代词＋不定式(短语)。名词和主格代词与不定式之间是主谓关系，且强调的是一次具体的动作。
③A lot of work to_do (do), we will work very late.
很多工作要做，我们会工作到很晚。
(4)名词/主格代词＋形容词/副词。
④The window open, a sweet smell from the flowers outside greeted the nose.
开着窗子，外面花的香味扑鼻而来。
(5)名词/主格代词＋介词短语。这类独立主格结构中，当其中的介词是in时，其前后的两个名词通常不加任何修饰语(如物主代词或冠词)，也不用复数。
⑤The teacher came in, book in hand(＝a book in his hand)．
老师走进来，手里拿着书。
[名师点津]　独立主格结构作状语时，可转换成相对应的状语从句。
2．He found himself standing under a row of trees.
他发现自己站在一排树下。
句中found himself standing属于“find＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构，宾补由现在分词短语充当。该结构的常见形式有：
(1)find＋名词/代词＋现在分词(表示主动和动作正在进行)
①We found him waiting for us at the station.
我们看到他在车站等我们。
(2)find＋名词/代词＋过去分词(表示被动和完成)
②I entered the room and found one of its windows broken (break)．
我走进房间，发现它其中的一扇窗户被打破了。
(3)find＋名词/代词＋不定式(通常为to be)
③Lucy finds Bob to_be_honest.
露西发现鲍勃很诚实。
(4)find＋名词/代词＋名词/形容词/副词/介宾短语
④Upon further acquaintance I found_him_a_good_youth.
经过进一步的了解，我发现他是一个好青年。
⑤Toward dawn we found ourselves in a large valley.
快天亮时，我们走进了一个大的山谷。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He often dreams about/of his days in the countryside.
2．The earth on which we live is shaped like a ball.
3．He doubted whether/if they would be able to help.
4．You must fix your attention on what the teacher is saying.
5．I was expecting him at ten, but he didn't turn up.
6．Hold out and you will succeed sooner or later.
7．He put down her telephone number for fear he forget it.
8．Behave yourself (you). You should be setting your sister a good example.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．I found_myself_surrounded_by_a_group_of_children full of curiosity.
我发现自己被一群充满好奇心的孩子围住了。
2．The_test_finished,_we began our holiday.
考试结束了，我们开始放假。
3．There_is_no_doubt_that he is a reliable person.
毫无疑问，他是一个可信赖的人。
4．A child came_up_to_me and showed off his new toys.
一个孩子向我走来，炫耀他的新玩具。
5．Do not hesitate_to_tell_us if you have a problem.
你有问题就直截了当地告诉我们。
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Roughly (粗略地) speaking, I would say that about 100 people attended the exhibition.
2．I am not going to stand for that kind of behavio(u)r (行为)．
3．All the students that work hard can definitely (一定地) pass the exam.
4．I told her that if she needed me, to contact me without hesitation (犹豫)．
5．When the police arrived, the crowd scattered in all directions (方向)．
6．Bitten (咬) by a dog, the little boy did not dare to play with dogs again.
7．They were in a state of exhaustion (疲惫) after climbing the mountain.
8．The mends on your coat were almost invisible (看不见的)．
9．As the afternoon passed, I found it more and more difficult to stay awake (醒着的).
10．When morning came，the mist had vanished (消失) away.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．There is no doubt whether smoking can seriously damage our health.whether→that
2．When a kid is playing outside, keep your eye on him at all times.eye→eyes
3．She had never hesitated to giving her pocket money to the needy.giving→give
4．She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed to his face.to→on
5．The children have been playing with my hat and they've knocked it out of the shape.去掉the
6．He has played important part in carrying through the whole plan.important前加an
7．She turned away when I came up her, as if she hadn't seen me.up后加to
8．He dropped down into an arm chair, exhausting.exhausting→exhausted
Ⅲ.选词填空
play an important part in， come up to， hold up， put ...away， turn out， keep one's eyes on， dream of， look around for， behave well， fix on
1．Children should not leave their toys on the floor.They should put them away.
2．The programme was so exciting that the children kept_their_eyes_on the screen.
3．This piece of work does not seem to come_up_to the required standard.
4．Parents play_an_important_part_in our character shaping.
5．It turned_out that the experiment was a success.
6．It's hard to train children to behave_well at the table.
7．He dreamed_of becoming a movie star when he was young.
8．The bus was held_up because a tree had fallen across the road.
9．She sat still, her eyes fixed_on that picture hanging on the wall.
10．The old lady looked_around_for a porter to help her with her luggage.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Will was unable to think clearly with 1.exhaustion (exhaust) and he stood trying to clear his mind when he saw a cat. Putting down his shopping bag, Will held out his hand; the cat came up to rub her head 2.against his knuckles.
Finally the cat turned away padding across the road and towards the bushes, in front of 3.which she stopped. There, Will saw her behave 4.curiously (curious); she reached out a paw to pat something in the air. After 5.the second try, the cat stepped forward and vanished.
Will went across the road and came to the spot, only 6.to_find (find) that it was a patch in the air that the cat vanished into. 7.Wondering (wonder) what it was on the other side of the patch, he scrambled through the hole 8.without hesitation into another world, and there he found 9.amazing (amaze) scenery which fascinated Will. With a dawning light-headedness, he began to look around 10.for the cat, his guide.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
李平是个优秀的男孩，因此，他的父母经常带他去参加一些宴会。在宴会上，他表现得体(behave oneself)。有人同他说话时，他从来不扭过头去(turn ...away)。在学校，他向每个人伸出(hold out)友谊之手。无论何时他的同学陷入困境，他都毫不犹豫(hesitate)帮忙。因此他受到同学们的欢迎。在课堂上，他有问题时就举手。更重要的是，他门门功课优秀。依他的老师们看，毫无疑问(there is no doubt that)他会被重点大学录取。
Li Ping is a good boy and as a result, his parents often take him to some parties.At parties, he behaves himself.When someone is talking to him, he never turns his head away.At school, he holds out a friendly hand to everyone .Whenever one of his classmates is in trouble, he doesn't hesitate to help. Therefore, he is popular with his classmates. In class, he raises his hand when he has a question to ask. Most importantly, he is good at all his subjects.In his teachers' view, there is no doubt that he will be admitted into a key university.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
Several years ago, we planned to move out of the city and buy a country house. The first __1__ was finding a suitable country house that we could afford. We started to __2__ the real estate listings online and thought we had found a really __3__ one. My wife Catherine went to look at it. I was expecting a positive result. __4__， my wife told me the house wasn't suitable for us at all. While this was not the __5__ of the world, it prevented us from carrying out our plans as we expected. So, what did we do? Could we __6__ and decide to stay where we were? No. We decided to __7__ looking.
To make a long story __8__， it took us two years of weekly visits to the real estate listings before we __9__ found three houses that might be suitable. The next __10__ seemed obvious — we had to take some time off work and drive down to __11__ these houses. So, off we went for our little drive and after 15 hours of steady driving, we __12__. The next three days were intense — looking, then looking again and then finally making an __13__. The final story has a __14__ ending — we found our house, and __15__ several months later.
Sometimes, __16__ show up out of nowhere to destroy the best of plans, and some of these difficulties can be the __17__ play. However, if you adopt the philosophy that every obstacle has a solution, then you can find your __18__ through. Obstacles will appear no matter who you are or what you are trying to __19__， but it is only those who know there is a solution and keep digging until they find it that will __20__ one day.
语篇解读：遇到挫折时，我们要坚信有解决的办法，并且努力解决问题。
1．A.reward　　　　　　　　 B．measure
C．suggestion D．difficulty
解析：选D　根据后文内容可知，作者提到了实施这个计划的很多挫折，故这里是指第一个“困难”。
2．A.make out B．look for
C．look through D．make up
解析：选C　他们想找一座房子，应该“浏览”房地产提供的房源信息。
3．A.special B．good
C．expensive D．large
解析：选B　根据“My wife Catherine went to look at it.”可知，他们以为找到了一座“好的”房子。
4．A.Luckily B．Necessarily
C．Sadly D．Seriously
解析：选C　根据“my wife told me the house wasn't suitable for us at all”可知，此处应表示“令人难过的是”。
5．A.nature B．side
C．fact D．end
解析：选D　根据语境可知，这里是指尽管这件事并不是世界“末日”。
6．A.get off B．show up
C．take off D．give up
解析：选D　根据“and decide to stay where we were”可知，这里是指我们应该“放弃”吗？
7．A.try B．stop
C．keep D．begin
解析：选C　根据后文作者他们继续找房子的语境可知，这里是指他们“坚持”继续找房子。
8．A.honest B．short
C．worthwhile D．interesting
解析：选B　根据后半句内容可知，此处应为To make a long story short，意为“长话短说”。
9．A.finally B．suddenly
C．hopelessly D．quickly
解析：选A　根据“it took us two years”可知，此处意为他们“终于”找到了三个他们认为合适的选择。
10．A.idea B．step
C．tip D．way
解析：选B　根据“we had to take some time off work and drive down to”可知，这里是指接下来的“步骤”。
11．A.decorate B．design
C．see D．paint
解析：选C　作者他们看中那些房子后应该亲自再去“看一下”房子。
12．A.changed B．escaped
C．settled D．arrived
解析：选D　根据“after 15 hours of steady driving”可知，这里是指经过那么久之后他们“到达”了那里。
13．A.offer B．award
C．address D．opinion
解析：选A　他们最终决定买哪座房子了，所以进行了“开价”。
14．A.happy B．wrong
C．familiar D．different
解析：选A　根据“we found our house”可知这里是指事情有了一个“快乐的”结尾。
15．A.registered B．checked
C．moved D．left
解析：选C　他们找到了房子，几个月之后就“搬家”了。
16．A.surprises B．hopes
C．disasters D．challenges
解析：选D　根据前文的故事可知，这里是指有时候“挑战”会出现，来破坏我们的计划。
17．A.amazing B．final
C．useful D．wonderful
解析：选B　根据语境及下文内容可知，这里是指有时候这些挑战的出现意味着最后一搏，故选B项。
18．A.way B．support
C．dream D．goal
解析：选A　这里是指要坚信我们能找到一种解决问题的“方法”。
19．A.damage B．fear
C．achieve D．hide
解析：选C　这里是指不管我们是谁，或是想要取得什么“成就”，都会面临挑战。
20．A.struggle B．succeed
C．improve D．appear
解析：选B　根据全文内容可知，只有找到解决方法，然后继续努力，我们才能最终“成功”。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Today our class have an outing to Dayan Mountain but we really had a wonderful time.
We set off by bikes from our school on time at 6：00 in the morning, because it was foggy. We arrived to the foot of the mountain at about 7. After a short rest, we began to climb the mountain, that took us about two hours. By the time we made it to the top, the fog has already cleared. So we had a great fun enjoying the beautiful scenery, taking photos, and exploring wild plants.
The outing provided us a good chance to build up our health and get closely to nature.
答案：第一句：have→had; but→and
第二句：bikes→bike; because→but
第三句：to→at
第四句：that→which
第五句：has→had
第六句：去掉a
第七句：us后加with; closely→close
课件40张PPT。Module 2 Fantasy Literature Philip Pullman Section Ⅲ Grammar-动词-ing形式作状语
?语法图解
?探究发现
①Will, still watching, saw the cat behave curiously.
②When it had gone past he crossed the road, keeping his eyes on the spot where the cat had been investigating.
③While sitting by a pool, Ferdinand sees a frog.
④Before leavinghis kingdom, he calls his son to him.
⑤Not knowing her address, I can't write to her to express my gratitude.
⑥Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.
[我的发现]
(1)六个例句中的动词-ing形式的逻辑主语都是句子的主语。
(2)由例句⑤可知，动词-ing形式的否定式是在-ing形式前面加not。
(3)在例句③中，动词-ing形式短语前用while，为了强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生；在例句④中，动词-ing形式短语前用before，为了强调在谓语动词的动作之前发生。
(4)由例句⑥可知，动词-ing 形式的完成式为having_done。
一、基本用法
动词-ing形式作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一个动作(即动词-ing形式与主语在逻辑上存在主动关系)，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬，它可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作，相当于相对应的状语从句或and引导的并列句。
1．动词-ing形式作时间状语，多置于句首，也可置于句末。
Hearing the good news, they went wild with joy.
听到这个消息，他们高兴得发了狂。
Shopping in the mall, I came across my former classmate, Tom.
当我在商场购物时，我遇见了以前的同学汤姆。
[即时演练1]　句型转换
①When she saw nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.
→Seeingnobodyathome,_she decided to leave them a note.
②Arriving home, he found the door locked.
→Whenhearrivedhome,_he found the door locked.
③When she arrived at the party, she found all the people gone.
→Onarriving at the party, she found all the people gone.
2．动词-ing形式作原因状语，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中。
Getting up late, he missed his early train.
由于起床晚了，他没有赶上早班火车。
Not knowing how to deal with the difficult situation, he turned to his teacher for help.
因为不知道如何应对这个困难的情况，他向老师求助。
[即时演练2]　用所给词的适当形式填空
①Knowing (know) the place very well, I acted as their guide.
②Being (be) anxious about his child's safety, he couldn't fall asleep.
③(福建高考改编) Pressed from his parents, and realizing (realize) that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.
3．动词-ing形式作条件状语，多置于句首。
Turning to the right at the second crossing, you will see the post office right before you.
在第二个十字路口向右拐，你会看到邮局就在你前面。
Being more careful, you will make fewer mistakes.
更细心点，你就会少犯错误。
[即时演练3]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①Working_(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed.
②Seeing (see) from the top of tower, you will get a good view.
③(北京高考改编)Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, keeping (keep) on your feet.
(2)完成句子
①Reading_carefully (仔细阅读), you'll learn something new.
②Playing_all_day (整天玩), you will waste your valuable time.
4．动词-ing形式作让步状语，多置于句首。
Being poor, the old man was happy.
虽然穷，但老人很幸福。
Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me.
尽管知道我住哪里，他从来也没有来看我。
[即时演练4]　句型转换
①Although they played well, they lost the game.
→Playingwell,_they lost the game.
②Knowing that it was dangerous, she walked home by herself.
→She walked home by herself, althoughsheknewthatitwasdangerous.
5．动词-ing形式作结果状语，多置于句末。
The boy fell off his bike, breaking his left arm.
男孩从他的自行车上摔了下来，弄折了他的左胳膊。
He ran all the way, reaching the school out of breath.
他跑了一路，到达学校时上气不接下气。
[名师点津]　动词-ing形式作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。而不定式作结果状语则表示出乎意料的结果，且常与only 连用。
[即时演练5]　用所给词的适当形式填空
①I built all my hopes on his promises, only to_find (find) that he was not an honest person.
②The book sold more than 500,000 copies a year, thus making (make) it one of the best-sellers at that time.
③(湖南高考改编)The sun began to rise in the sky, bathing (bath) the mountain in golden light.
6．动词-ing形式作方式或伴随状语，多置于句末，也可置于句首。
Laughing and talking, they went back home.
他们有说有笑，回到了家。
He sat at the table, reading a magazine.
他坐在桌子旁，读着一本杂志。
[即时演练6]
(1)句型转换
①All the students sat in the classroom, and waited for their new teacher.
→All the students sat in the classroom, waitingfortheirnewteacher.
②The young man held a torch in his hand, and climbed up to the top of the clock tower.
→Holdingatorchinhishand,_the young man climbed up to the top of the clock tower.
(2)按要求改写句子
①They all stood there, and watched closely as the magician did the tricks.(用动词-ing形式作状语)
They_all_stood_there,_watching_closely_as_the_magician_did_the_tricks.
②All the students paid their attention to what their teacher said, taking notes carefully.(改为并列句)
All_the_students_paid_their_attention_to_what_their_teacher_said_and_took_notes_carefully.
二、动词-ing形式短语前可用连词，有时可用介词或副词
1．为了使动词-ing形式作状语所表达的时间、条件、让步等意思更加明确，可在动词-ing形式前加上适当的连词(when, while, before, after, if, unless, though/although等)。
Don't talk while having dinner (while you are having dinner)．
吃饭时不要说话。
Though working hard, he couldn't earn enough money to pay off his debt.
尽管努力工作，他也不能挣到足够的钱还清债务。
2．动词-ing形式短语前可用介词on/upon，表示“一……就……”。
On hearing the news, all the pupils jumped with joy.
一听到这个消息，所有的学生都高兴得跳了起来。
3．为了强调结果，可在动词-ing形式前加副词thus。
The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus causing the delay.
公共汽车遭遇暴风雪，因此造成了延误。
[即时演练7]　句型转换
①While reading the book, he fell asleep.
→While hewasreadingthebook,_he fell asleep.
②As soon as he arrived in Beijing, he went to visit his uncle.
→On/Uponarriving in Beijing, he went to visit his uncle.
③He dropped the glass onto the ground, and as a result broke it into pieces.
→He dropped the glass onto the ground, thusbreaking it into pieces.
三、动词-ing形式的否定式和完成式
1．动词-ing形式的否定式通常在-ing形式前加否定词not。
She was puzzled, not knowing what had happened.
她迷惑了，不知道发生了什么。
2．动词-ing形式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。
Having finished the letter, he folded it and put it into the envelope.
写完信后，他把信折起来装进了信封。
[即时演练8]　用所给词的适当形式填空
①Not_understanding (not understand) English, he didn't know what the two Englishmen wanted.
②Not_believing (not believe) what they said, he wanted to look into the matter himself.
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Not_recognizing (not recognize) the voice, he refused to give the person his address.
2．Being (be) so angry, he couldn't go to sleep.
3．Holding (hold) guns, the soldiers rushed out.
4．The children went out of the school talking (talk) and laughing (laugh)．
5．The fish can eat a man in a few minutes, leaving (leave) only the bones.
6．Walking (walk) along the valley, we came across a large cave.
7．On/Upon arriving (arrive) at the lab, she got down to work.
8．Having_finished (finish) reading the letter, he decided to write a reply.
9．Arriving (arrive) at the building site, she found them busy laying bricks.
10．When leaving (leave) the airport, they waved again and again to us.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．(2015·天津高考改编)Having_worked_for_two_days (工作了两天之后), Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
2．(2015·重庆高考改编) Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way using_the_sun_and_the_stars (借助太阳和星星)．
3．Hearing_the_bad_news (听到这个坏消息), Mary felt very sad.
4．The fire lasted nearly five days, leaving_nothing_valuable (没有剩下什么值钱的东西)．
5．You must be careful when_crossing_the_street (过马路的时候)．
6．Although_working_hard_from_morning_till_night (虽然从早到晚地拼命干), his father didn't get enough food.
7．Looking_around_the_room (环顾房间), the father was very surprised and very angry.
8．The pop star walked out of the stage, waving_her_hands (挥手) elegantly to her crazy fans.
Ⅲ.短文改错
A young man stopped at a flowers shop to order some flowers for his mother whom lived two hundred miles away. As he got out of his car he saw a young girl crying. He asked her what was wrongly with her. She said she wants to buy a red rose for my mother, but she had no money. Hear this, the man bought her a rose and ordered his own mother's flowers. As they were leaving he offered her with a ride home. She directed him to a grave where her mother buried. Seeing this, the man returned to a flower shop, canceled the order, bought many flowers but drove the two hundred miles to his mother's house.
答案：第一句：第一个flowers→flower; whom→who
第三句：wrongly→wrong
第四句：wants→wanted; my→her
第五句：Hear→Hearing
第六句：去掉with
第七句：mother后加was
第八句：a→the; but→and
课件27张PPT。Module 2 Fantasy Literature Philip Pullman Section Ⅳ Other Parts of the Module
[原文呈现] [读文清障]　
The Story of J．K. Rowling and Harry Potter
The elder stateswoman① of British fantasy literature is J．K. Rowling, the gifted② creator of Harry Potter. Joanne Rowling's roots③ are in the southwest of England, where she grew up④. But the idea for Harry Potter came to her⑤while she was on a delayed train⑥ between Manchester and London. She wrote down⑦ her ideas on the back of an envelope. She then went to teach English in Portugal, where she continued to add flesh⑧ to the bones of the first Harry Potter story⑨. But her name is forever associated with⑩ Edinburgh in Scotland, where she lived and developed the format? for the whole series of seven books?.
①stateswoman/'steIts?w?m?n/n.在某一领域受尊敬的女性领导人物
②gifted/'gIftId/adj.有天才的，有天赋的
③roots/ru?ts/n.(喻)根，根基
④grow up成长，长大
⑤come to sb.此处指“某种观点、念头、想法在某人脑海中出现”。
⑥while she was on ...是时间状语从句。
⑦write down写下(＝take/put/set down)
⑧flesh/fle?/n.肉
⑨where 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Portugal。
⑩be associated with与……有联系
?format/'f??m?t/n.(节目、计划等的)构成，安排
?where 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Edinburgh。
J．K.罗琳与哈利·波特的故事
[第1段译文]
哈利·波特的天才般的创造者——J.K.罗琳，是英国魔幻文学的元老。乔安妮·罗琳在老家——英格兰西南部长大。而关于哈利·波特的想法是在从曼彻斯特开往伦敦的一列晚点的火车上闯入她的脑海的。她在一个信封的背面写下了她的想法。随后她前往葡萄牙教英语，在那里她继续给她的第一部哈利·波特小说的框架添加情节。但是她的名字却永远与苏格兰的爱丁堡联系在一起，她生活在那儿，并在那儿把整个系列7本书的框架构思出来。
There are many anecdotes? about how, in 1990, J．K. Rowling began the first draft? of HarryPotterandthePhilosopher'sStone. She had the extra burden? of looking after her baby daughter while she worked, and because she was too poor to? own a typewriter, she wrote by hand?. She spent many hours over a single cup of coffee in a warm cafeteria in Edinburgh because she had no money to pay for? the heating? at home.
Success was not swift? and Rowling might have given up. But she was stubborn and overcame all the difficulties. It was only in 1997 that she completed the first Harry Potter story， which, because the publishers in the USA requested an adjustment to the title, was also known as HarryPotterandtheSorcerer'sStone.
Rowling always intended that her output would be a book every year until she had finished the series. In fact, it took her about ten years to complete. But after the first book, the success of each of the following titles was automatic. The fifth book, TheOrderofthePhoenix sold about seven million copiesthe day it was published.
?anecdote/'?nIk?d??t/n.趣闻，轶事
?draft/drɑ?ft/n.草稿
?burden/'b??dn/n.负担，重负
?too ...to ...太……而不能……
?by hand手工，用手
?pay for支付
?heating暖气设备
?swift/swIft/adj.快的，迅速的
might have done sth.本来可能做某事
stubborn/'st?b?n/adj.顽强的，坚持的
It was ...that ...是强调句型。
adjustment/?'d??stm?nt/n.调整
intend v．打算， intend to do sth.打算做某事
output/'a?t?p?t/n.(文学等的)作品数量
It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费了某人多长时间。
automatic/???t?'m?tIk/adj.自动的，习惯性的，自然发生的
the day相当于连词，在此引导时间状语从句。
publish v．发行，出版
[第2～4段译文]
关于J.K.罗琳1990年如何开始她的第一部《哈利·波特与哲学家的石头》的初稿有许多奇闻。她工作时还有另外一个责任——照看她幼小的女儿。由于她太穷，买不起打字机，因此她用手写。因为付不起家里的暖气费，她在爱丁堡一家温暖的自助餐厅里，要花好长时间才喝完一杯咖啡(以便在此期间写她的小说)。
成功不是一蹴而就的，罗琳本可能会放弃。但她是顽强的，她克服了所有的困难。直到1997年她才完成第一部哈利·波特小说。由于美国的出版商要求调整书名，这本书也被称作《哈利·波特与魔法石》。
罗琳一直计划每年出一本书直到完成整个系列。事实上，她却花了大约10年的时间来完成。但是第一本书问世之后，该系列接下来的每一本书的成功就显得自然而然了。第5本书《凤凰社》仅在发行的当天就售出了约700万册。
Rowling's style has been a target for some criticism， but what makes the books so important is that， because they appeal to readers of all ages, they create a special literary bond between parents and children. In an age of computer games and television programmes, it is also claimed they are responsible for a renewed interest in reading. Harry Potter has even become part of the school curriculum， much to the pleasure of the schoolchildren.
And the Harry Potter effect is not just restricted to the English-speaking world. Rowling's books have been translated into more than 55 languages, and it has been estimated that more than 250 million copies have been distributedaround the world. In 2005 it was estimated that Rowling hadaccumulated more than one billion dollars on deposit in her bank. She has thusattained the status of being the first writer to become a billionaire.
target/'tɑ?gIt/n.(批评等的)对象
criticism/'krItI?sIz?m/n.批评，评论
what makes the books ...是主语从句。
that引导表语从句，中间被because ...隔开了。
appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力，引起某人的兴趣
bond/b?nd/n.纽带，接合剂，黏合剂
in an age of在一个……的年代/时代
be responsible for引起……的；对……负责
curriculum/k?'rIkj?l?m/n.课程
much to the pleasure of sb.使某人特别高兴
be restricted to限于
be translated into被翻译成
more than超过，多于
It has been estimated that ...据估计……
distribute/dI'strIbju?t/v.(书报的)发行
accumulate/?'kju?mj??leIt/v.积累，积聚
deposit/dI'p?zIt/n.存款
thus/e?s/adv.因此，所以
attain/?'teIn/v.达到，得到
status/'steIt?s/n.身份，地位
billionaire/?bIlj?'ne?/n.亿万富翁，巨富
[第5～6段译文]
罗琳的写作风格成了一些批评的对象，但是这些书之所以重要是因为它们在父母和孩子之间建立起了一条特殊的文学纽带，因为它们吸引了各个年龄段的读者。同时，也证实了在电脑游戏和电视节目时代，它们掀起了新的读书热潮。哈利·波特甚至已经成为了学校课程的一部分，这使得学生们特别开心。,哈利·波特的影响不仅仅局限于讲英语的国家。罗琳的书已被翻译成55种以上的语言版本，据估计，全世界已售出超过2.5亿册。2005年，估计罗琳的银行存款累计已超过10亿美元。因此她成了第一位亿万富翁作家。
[原文呈现] [读文清障]　
Introduction
One of the greatest British writers of fantasy literature was C．S. Lewis (1898－1963)，①who wrote TheLion, theWitchandtheWardrobe②. Lucy discovers the winter land of Narnia where she and her two brothers and sister meet the White Witch③. They also meet Aslan, the lion, who is the only one who can defeat the Witch and restore④ summer to Narnia⑤. With Aslan, the children learn to be brave and to forgive⑥. They learn great sorrow⑦ and happiness, and finally they learn wisdom. Their time in Narnia is the great adventure⑧that every child dreams of⑨.
①who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰C.S. Lewis。
②wardrobe/'w??dr??b/n.衣橱
③where引导定语从句，修饰Narnia。
④restore v．(使)恢复，(使)复位
⑤who引导限制性定语从句，修饰the only one。
⑥forgive v．原谅(forgave, forgiven)
forgive sb. for (doing) sth.原谅某人(做)某事
⑦sorrow/'s?r??/n.悲哀，伤心，苦难
to one's sorrow令某人伤心的是
⑧that引导定语从句，修饰adventure。
⑨dream of梦想(＝dream about)
引言
《狮子、女巫与魔衣橱》的创作者——C.S.刘易斯(1898－1963)是英国最伟大的魔幻文学家之一。露西发现了冰天雪地的纳尼亚，在那里她和她的两个哥哥和一个妹妹遇见了白女巫。他们还邂逅了阿斯兰，那头唯一能够打败女巫，重新恢复纳尼亚之夏的狮子。和阿斯兰在一起，孩子们学会了勇敢与宽恕。他们经历过大悲大喜，最终学到了智慧。他们在纳尼亚的时光是每一个孩子梦寐以求的历险。
Extract from The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe
And then she saw that there was a light ahead of⑩ her; not a few inches away where the back of the wardrobe ought? to have been, but a long way off. Something cold and soft was falling on her. A moment later she found that she was standing in the middle of a wood at nighttime ?with snow under her feet and snowflakes falling through the air?.
Lucy felt a little frightened?， but she felt very inquisitive? and excited as well?. She looked back over her shoulder? and there, between the dark tree trunks, she could still see the open doorway of the wardrobe and even catch a glimpse of? the empty room ?from which she had set out?. (She had, of course, left the door open， for she knew that it was a very silly thing to shut oneself into a wardrobe.) It seemed to be still daylight there. “I can always get back if anything goes wrong，” thought Lucy. She began to walk forward, crunch-crunch over the snow and through the wood towards the other light. In about ten minutes she reached it and found it was a lamppost. As she stood looking at it, wondering why there was a lamppost in the middle of a wood, and wondering what to do next， she heard the pitter-patter of feet coming towards her. And soon after that a very strange person stepped out from among the trees into the light of the lamppost.
⑩ahead of在……前面
?ought/??t/v.应该，应当
?此处含有两个with复合结构。snowflakes前省略了with。
?through the air在空中
?frightened adj.害怕的，受到惊吓的
frightening adj.令人害怕的
?inquisitive/In'kwIz?tIv/adj.好奇的
?as well也，还
?look back over one's shoulder回头看
?catch a glimpse of瞥见
?from which引导定语从句，修饰the empty room。
?set out出发，动身
leave ...open“使……开着”，为leave复合结构。
It seemed to be ...看似/似乎……
crunch/kr?nt?/n.嘎吱嘎吱的声音
lamppost n．灯柱
as conj.当……的时候
looking ...和wondering ...为现在分词短语，作stood的伴随状语；why引导宾语从句，作wondering的宾语。
pitter-patter/'pIt??p?t?/n.劈里啪啦的声音
step out from ... into ...“从……中走出来进入……”，其中out为副词，from和into都为介词。
《狮子、女巫与魔衣橱》节选
[第1～2段译文]
然后，她看见前面有一道光，离它不远处可以看到魔衣橱的后面，但走起来却很远。冰冷而柔软的东西不停地落在她身上。片刻之后，她发现她正站在晚间的树林中间，积雪踩在脚下，雪片从空中飘来。
露西有点害怕，但同时她也很好奇、很兴奋。她扭头向后望去，在黑色的树干之间，仍然可见魔衣橱的入口处，她甚至还能瞥见她走出的那个空房间。(当然，她一直让门开着，因为她知道把自己关在衣橱里是很傻的。)那里似乎还是白天。“如果发生了什么事，我还可以回去，”露西想。她开始往前走，伴着踩在积雪上发出的嘎吱嘎吱声穿过森林，朝着另一处亮光走去。大约十分钟之后她到了那里，发现那是一根灯柱。当她站在那里，看着灯柱时，她开始感到奇怪，为什么森林中间会有根灯柱，她不知所措，这时她听见劈里啪啦的脚步声，(有人正)朝她走来。随后，一个非常奇怪的人从森林里走到了灯光下。
　　He was only a little taller than Lucy herself and carried over his head an umbrella, white with snow. From the waist upwards he was like a man, but his legs were shaped like a goat's (the hair on them was glossy black) and instead of feet he had goat's hoofs. He also had a tail, but Lucy did not notice this at first because it was so neatly caught up over the arm that held the umbrella so as to keep it fromtrailing in the snow. He had a red woollen muffler round his neck and his skin was rather reddish too. He had a strange, but pleasant little face, with a short pointed beard and curly hair, and out of the hair there stuck two horns, one on each side of his forehead. One of his hands, as I have said， held the umbrella; in the other arm he carried several brown-paper parcels. With the parcels and the snow it looked just as if he had been doing his Christmas shopping. He was a Faun. And when he saw Lucy he gave such a start of surprise that he dropped all his parcels.
“Goodness gracious me！”exclaimed the Faun.
a little修饰形容词比较级taller。
be shaped like形状像……
glossy/'gl?si/adj.有光泽的
instead of＝in place of取代，代替
hoof n．蹄　be caught up勾，挂，缠绕在
so as to为了
其后接动词原形，表示目的，不置于句首。
keep ...from doing ...阻止……做……
trail/treIl/v.拖，曳，拖着走
muffler/'m?fl?/n.围巾　pointed adj.尖的
curly/'k??lI/adj.(头发)卷曲的
stick out of从……中伸出来
one on each side of ...为独立主格结构。
as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。
Faun/f??n/n.农牧神
such ...that ...如此……以至于……
gracious/'greI??s/int.(表惊讶)天哪！哎呀！
exclaim/Ik'skleIm/v.惊叫，大叫
[第3～4段译文]
他只比露西略高一点，头上撑着一把伞，伞上满是雪。他腰部以上像人，而腿却像山羊腿?腿上是有光泽的黑毛?，脚不是人脚而是羊蹄。他还有一条尾巴，但露西起初没有注意到，因为它整齐地缠在撑伞的手臂上，免得它拖到雪地上。他脖子上围着一条红色羊毛围巾，他的皮肤也略带红。他有一张奇特却相当好看的小脸，短短的胡子很显眼，头发打着卷。两只羊角从卷发处伸出来，长在前额的两侧。正如我所说的，他的一只手拿着伞；而另一只手拿着几个棕色的纸包。通过纸包和他身上的雪来看，他刚才好像去买圣诞礼物了。他是一个半人半羊的农牧神。看到露西他吃了一惊，包裹都掉了下来。,“天哪！”他惊叫道。
Step 1　True (T) or False (F)．
Passage on Pages 22－23
1．J.K.Rowling is a leading writer in the field of British fantasy literature.__T__
2．She finished her works of HarryPotter on a delayed train.__F__
3．The HarryPotter effect is around the world.__T__
4．HarryPotter has a bad effect on children.__F__
5．The Harry Potter stories have made J．K.Rowling very rich.__T__
Step 2　Choose the best answers according to the passages.
Passage on Pages 22－23
1．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Harry Potter stories encourage children to read more.
B．Only the first edition of Harry Potter stories is a success.
C．It is not proper to make Harry Potter stories part of the school curriculum.
D．The Harry Potter stories are distributed only in English countries.
2．Why did J．K.Rowling spend so much time over a single cup of coffee?
A．Because she liked coffee very much.
B．Because she was too poor to pay for the heating at home.
C．Because she can only do her work with a cup of coffee.
D．Because she liked the atmosphere in a cafeteria.
Passage on Page 27
3．Which of the following doesn't belong to the creatures that existed in the stories?
A．Dwarves.　　　　　　 B．Hobbits.
C．Humans. D．Robots.
4．Why did Sauron try to find the lost Ring?
A．Because it belonged to him.
B．Because he wanted to rule the Middle Earth.
C．Because he wanted to destroy it.
D．Because he wanted to keep it.
5．From this passage, we know that the writing thread of these stories was ________.
A．how to find the Ring
B．how to destroy the Ring
C．the great power of Sauron
D．the kindness of Gandaff
答案：1～5　ABDBB
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.giftedadj.　　 有天才的，有天赋的
2.burdenn. 负担，重负
3.swiftadj. 快的，迅速的
4.stubbornadj. 顽强的，坚持的
5.overcomev. 克服
6.adjustmentn. 调整；适应
7.thusadv. 因此，所以
8.attainv. 达到，得到
9.sorrown. 悲哀，伤心，苦难
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.marryv．结婚，娶，嫁→married adj.已婚的→marriage n．结婚，婚姻
2.punishv．惩罚→punishment n．惩罚，处罚
3.appealn．吸引力，魅力→appealing adj.吸引人的
4.criticismn．批评，评论→criticize v．批评
5.distributev．(书报的)发行→distribution n．发行
6.accumulatev．积累，积聚→accumulation n．积聚，堆积物
7.possessv．拥有→possession n．拥有，财产
8.literaryadj.文学的→literature n．文学
9.powern．力量，能力→powerful adj.强有力的
1.gifted adj.有天才的，有天赋的
[词块]　be gifted in/at ...在……方面有天赋
[联想]　talented adj.有才能的，有天赋的
2.burden n．负担，重负
[联想]　load n．负荷；重担；装载量 v．装载
3.overcome v．克服
[联想]　A－B－A型不规则动词
①overcome－overcame－overcome
②run－ran－run
③become－became－become
4.thus adv.因此，所以
[联想]　therefore adv.因此，所以
5.sorrow n．悲哀，伤心；苦难
[同义]　pain n．痛苦，疼痛
[反义]　①happiness n．幸福，快乐
②pleasure n．愉快，高兴，乐事
6.marry v．结婚，娶，嫁
[串记]　She wanted tomarrywell, so she didn't get married until she was 35. Finally, she married a millionaire and her marriagebecame a hit in her hometown.
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.put a spell on　　　　用咒符镇住
2.be associated with
与……有联系，与……联系在一起
3.appeal to sb.
对某人有吸引力，引起某人的兴趣
4.much to the pleasure of sb.
令某人感到非常高兴的是
5.(be) restricted to 限于
6.ahead of 在……前面
7.ought to 应该
8.look back over one's shoulder 回头看
9.catch a glimpse of 瞥见
10.set out 出发，动身
1.by hand　　　　　　　　手工
2.over a single cup of coffee
在喝一杯咖啡的过程中
3.readers of all ages 各个年龄段的读者
4.in an age of computer games and television programmes
在电脑游戏和电视节目时代
5.shut oneself into a wardrobe
把自己关在衣橱里
6.from the waist upwards 腰部以上
7.fantasy stories 幻想故事
8.live deep in mountains 住在深山里
9.get it back 把它要回来
10.a place of darkness and fear
一个充满黑暗和恐惧的地方
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.It was only in 1997 thatshe completed the first Harry Potter story, which, because the publishers in the USA requested an adjustment to the title ...
直到1997年她才完成第一部哈利·波特小说。由于美国的出版商要求调整书名……
此句中含有强调句，only in 1997为被强调部分。其结构为：It is (was)＋被强调部分＋that (who)＋句子其余部分。
It_was_Mary's_encouragement_that helped me get over those difficulties.
正是玛丽的鼓励帮我克服了那些困难。
2.A young man was walking through a wood when he saw a ring lying on the ground.
一名青年男子穿行在一片树林中，突然他看到地上有一个指环。
be doing ...when ...“正在(做)……这时(突然)……”，when作并列连词。
I was_reading_a_book attentively when an old friend came to visit me.
我正在全神贯注地读一本书，突然一位老朋友来拜访我。
3.A moment later she found that she was standing in the middle of a wood at nighttime with snow under her feet and snowflakes falling through the air.
片刻之后，她发现她正站在晚间的树林中间，积雪踩在脚下，雪片从空中飘来。
with复合结构在句中作状语，宾补分别由介词短语和现在分词短语充当。
With_the_problem_settled,_we all felt happy.
问题解决了，我们都感到高兴。
1．(教材P19)The king takes the woman to his palace and marries her, not knowing that she is a wicked witch.
国王把这个女人带回宫殿并与她结了婚，而他并不知道她是个女巫。
?marry v．结婚，娶，嫁
(1)marry sb.　　　　　　　 嫁给某人；与……结婚
marry sb.to sb. 把某人嫁给某人
(2)married adj. 已婚的
be/get married to sb. 与某人结婚
①She would not marryhim though he were never so rich.
无论他怎样富有，她也不愿嫁给他。
②It soon came out that Peter were going to get_married_to Alice.
不久大家知道了彼得和艾丽斯将要结婚的消息。
③She was determined to marry all of her daughters to rich men.
她决意把她的女儿都嫁给有钱人。
[名师点津]　marry不可与with搭配，be married to sb.表示状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用；get married to sb.表示动作，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。
④They have been_married_to each other for more than 30 years, but they never quarrelled.
他们结婚三十多年了，但他们从未争吵过。
2．(教材P20)to do something in order to hurt or punish someone because they have hurt you or someone else
为了伤害或惩罚某些人而做某事，因为他们曾伤害过你或别人
?punish v．惩罚，处罚
(1)punish sb. for sth.　 因某事而惩罚某人
punish sb. with sth./by doing sth.
以某事/通过做某事惩罚某人
(2)punishment n．[U] 惩罚，处罚
①Jim waspunishedfor telling too many tales.
吉姆因说谎话过多而受处罚。
②The teacher punished the noisy children by making them do some cleaning after school.
老师用放学后打扫卫生的方法惩罚那些吵闹的孩子。
③If you do wrong, you deserve the punishment (punish)．
如果你做错事，就应当受罚。
3．(教材P22)But her name is forever associated with Edinburgh in Scotland, where she lived and developed the format for the whole series of seven books.
但是她的名字却永远与苏格兰的爱丁堡联系在一起，她生活在那儿，并在那儿把整个系列7本书的框架构思出来。
?be associated with与……有联系，与……联系在一起
(1)associate ...with ...把……和……联系在一起
associate (oneself) with ...　　 与……交往
(2)be connected with ... 与……有联系
be related to 和……有联系
have something to do with ... 与……有关
①There are many serious health problems associated with smoking.
有很多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。
②We often associate China with the Great Wall.
我们常把中国和长城联系在一起。
③Her success must have_something_to_do_with her diligence.
她的成功一定和她的勤奋有关。
4．(教材P22)She had the extra burden of looking after her baby daughter while she worked, and because she was too poor to own a typewriter, she wrote by hand.
她工作时还有另外一个责任——照看她幼小的女儿。由于她太穷，买不起打字机，因此她用手写。
?burden
(1)n.负担，重负
lay/put a burden on ...　　 让……承担……
a burden on/to ... ……的一个负担
be burdened with ... 肩负着……，为……所累
①I don't want to layaburdenon you.
我不想让你承担责任。
②Paying all the bills is a_burden_on/to me.
支付所有这些费用是我的一个负担。
③The students used to be_burdened_with a lot of homework.
学生们过去作业负担很重。
(2)vt.把重担加于，使负担

④Don't burden yourself with unnecessary problems.
勿为不必要的问题所累。
5．(教材P23)Rowling's style has been a target for some criticism, but what makes the books so important is that, because they appeal to readers of all ages ...
罗琳的写作风格成了一些批评的对象，但是这些书之所以重要是因为它们吸引了各个年龄段的读者……
?appeal
(1)vi.有吸引力；呼吁；上诉
appeal to sb.　　 对某人有吸引力，引起某人的兴趣
appeal to sb. for sth./to do sth.
呼吁/恳请某人……
appeal (to sb./sth.) against sth.
(向……)对……提起上诉
①I do not think jogging appealto me very much.
我觉得我对慢跑不太感兴趣。
②If you appeal to him for help, he will come down handsome.
如果你向他求助，他会慷慨解囊的。
③She appealed_to the high court against her sentence.
她不服判决而向高等法院上诉。
[语境串记]　Martin Luther King appealed to the blacks to appeal to the highest court against discrimination, which greatly appealed to the whole world.
马丁·路德·金呼吁黑人向最高法院上诉反对种族歧视，这极大地引起了全世界的关注。
(2)n.吸引力；呼吁，恳求；上诉
have/hold/lose appeal for sb.　 对某人有/失去吸引力
make an appeal to sb. for sth. 呼吁/恳求某人某事
make an appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事
④These subjects have lost their appeal for most students.
对多数学生来说，这些学科已经失去了吸引力。
⑤The hospital has made an appeal to raise money for new equipment.
医院呼吁为新设备筹集资金。
6．(教材P23)Rowling's books have been translated into more than 55 languages, and it has been estimated that more than 250 million copies have been distributed around the world.
罗琳的书已被翻译成55种以上的语言版本，据估计，全世界已售出超过2.5亿册。
?distribute v．(书报的)发行；分发；分配；分布
(1)distribute ...over ... 　 把……配给到(分配到，散布于)……
distribute sth. to/among 把某物分(配，发)给……
(2)distribution n. 分配，分发
①Some types of plants are widelydistributed.
有些种类的植物分布得很广。
②The teacher distributed the new books to/among the students.
老师把新书发给学生们。
③These birds have a wide geographical distribution (distribute)．
这些鸟的地理分布很广。
7．(教材P25)．..she could still see the open doorway of the wardrobe and even catch a glimpse of the empty room from which she had set out.
……她仍能看到魔衣橱的入口处，甚至还能瞥见她走出的那个空房间。
?set out出发，动身；开始，着手；陈列；陈述，阐明
set out for ...　　　　　　 动身去……
set out to do sth. ＝set about doing sth.
开始/着手做某事
set aside 把……置于一旁；留出
set down 放下；记下；登记
set off 出发；使爆炸；引起
set up 建立
①Kate set out for the house on the other side of the bay.
凯特动身前往位于海湾另一边的房子。
②Today we have accomplished what we set out to_do (do)．
今天我们完成了我们预定要做的工作。
③I try to set aside a few minutes each day to do some exercise.
我每天尽量留出一些时间锻炼一下身体。
④The council set_up a committee to look into local unemployment.
参议会成立了一个委员会来调查当地的失业情况。
8．(教材P27)Do you know a Chinese story about a ring with magical powers?
你知道一个关于魔戒的中国故事吗？
?power n．力量；能力；权力，影响力
in power　　　　　　　　　 当权的，在朝的
in one's power 为某人力所能及
out of/beyond one's power 力所不及，不能胜任
come into/to power (开始)掌权，上台，执政
①I will do everything in my power to make you happy.
我会尽我所能让你快乐。
②My gratitude is beyond_my_power of expression.
我的感激心情不是用语言所能表达的。
③The present government came_into/to_power two years ago.
现政府是两年前上台的。
[辨析比较]　power, energy, force, strength
power
主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能，人或机器等事物潜在的或所能发挥出来的力量、职权、权力或政权
energy
主要指人的精力、自然界的能量
force
主要指自然界的力量、暴力、势力以及法律、道德或感情的力量、军事力量等
strength
常指固有的潜力。说人时，指“力气”；说物时，着重指“强度”
选用上述单词填空
④Young people are usually full of energy.
⑤Knowledge is power.
⑥He pushed the big stone into the river with all his strength.
⑦It's said that the girl was taken away by force.
9．(教材P27)Any creature who possessesone of these rings has great power.
任何一个生物拥有其中的一个指环就有了强大的力量。
?possess v．拥有，具有；控制；支配
(1)be possessed of sth. 具有某种性质或特征
(2)possession n. 具有，拥有；财产(通常为复数)
in possession of 拥有
in the possession of 为……所拥有
take possession of 拥有，取得
①He was possessed of great self-confidence.
他极有自信。
②Twenty years ago, his father was very rich and was in_possession_of a farm.
二十年前，他父亲很富有，拥有一个农场。
③We can't take_possession_of the house until all the papers have been signed.
所有的文件都签字以后，我们才能拥有这所房子。
1．It was only in 1997 that she completed the first Harry Potter story, which, because the publishers in the USA requested an adjustment to the title, was also known as HarryPotterandtheSorcerer'sStone.
直到1997年她才完成第一部哈利·波特小说。由于美国的出版商要求调整书名，这本书也被称作《哈利·波特与魔法石》。
(1)此句中含有强调句，其结构为：It is (was)＋被强调部分＋that (who)＋句子其余部分。其中的that只起连接作用，不充当句子成分，但不能省略。此句型可以对主语、宾语、状语等进行强调，不用来强调谓语。
①It was Tom who helped the old man.
是汤姆帮助了那个老人。(强调主语)
②It was an old magazine that Mary found in the bag.
玛丽在书包里找到的是一本旧杂志。(强调宾语)
③It was because he was ill that he didn't attend the meeting yesterday.
由于生病了，他才没有参加昨天的会议。(强调状语)
(2)强调句的一般疑问句：“Is/Was ＋it ＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分？”
④Is_it_in_the_park that you met Mr Smith?
你是在那个公园遇到史密斯先生的吗？
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：“特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他成分？”
⑤What_is_it_that has stopped you from telling me the truth?
是什么使得你不告诉我真相？
(4)对not ...until ...句式的强调：“It is/was not until ... that ...”
⑥It_was_not_until she took off her glasses that we recognized her.
直到她把眼镜摘了，我们才认出了她。
[名师点津]　强调句的判断方法：去掉It is (was) ... that (who)后，若句子仍然成分完整、语句通顺，则是强调句。
2．A moment later she found that she was standing in the middle of a wood at nighttime with snow under her feet and snowflakes falling through the air.
片刻之后，她发现她正站在晚间的树林中间，积雪踩在脚下，雪片从空中飘来。
with snow under her feet and snowflakes falling through the air是with复合结构，在句中作状语，宾补分别由介宾短语under her feet和现在分词短语falling through the air充当。with复合结构的常见形式有：
(1)with＋宾语(名词/代词)＋现在分词(表示主动、动作正在进行)
①They left the university, with John driving.
约翰开着车，他们离开了那所大学。
(2)with＋宾语(名词/代词)＋过去分词(表示被动、动作已经完成)
②He lay in bed, with his head covered.
他躺在床上，蒙着头。
(3)with＋宾语(名词/代词)＋不定式(表示动作未发生)
③I can't go out with all these dishes to_wash (wash)．
有这么多盘子要洗，我不能出去。
(4)with＋宾语(名词/代词)＋形容词/副词
④The square looks more beautiful with_all_the_lights_on.
所有的灯都开着，广场看起来更漂亮。
(5)with＋宾语(名词/代词)＋介词短语
⑤The book is much easier to read with_pictures_in_it.
附有图画，这本书更容易读。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．His admission that he was to blame kept the others from being_punished (punish)．
2．She wears a wedding ring to show that she's married (marry)．
3．It is reported that as soon as the new president comes to/into power, he will meet with a lot of problems.
4．The slow economy is really a burden on the jobless rate now.
5．I don't want to be associated with this matter in any way.
6．The prizes were distributed among/to five winners.
7．She set out to_break (break) the world land speed record.
8．Farmers have appealed to the government for help.
9．A man is not born in possession (possess) of knowledge.
10．It was at that moment that he changed his mind.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．They met, fell for each other and got_married (结婚) six weeks later.
2．I appeal_to_the_government_to_take_action (呼吁政府采取行动) and punish hunter to protect the tigers.
3．The boys plan to set_out_for_Tianjin (出发去天津) next week.
4．It_was_in_the_public_library_that (正是在公共图书馆) I found the book.
5．With_spring_coming_on (春天到了), trees turn green.
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A golden wedding is the fiftieth anniversary of a marriage (婚姻)．
2．They got the punishment (惩罚); they so richly deserved.
3．I've made a few minor adjustments (调整) to the plan.
4．The professor often contributes articles to a literary (文学的) journal.
5．Man is the only creature that is gifted (有天赋的) with speech.
6．Though very young, he shouldered the burden (负担) of his family.
7．Fat will be accumulated (积累) in your body if you stop doing sports.
8．Relying on our own efforts, we overcame (克服) all the difficulties.
9．Jones will be elected because many powerful (强有力的) men are back of him.
10．Happiness does not depend on material possessions (拥有物)．
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Mary, a friend of mine, was married with the young artist last month.with→to
2．With the continuous changes of job market, I made adjustments in my job.in→to
3．The boy ran swift up the stairs and hid behind my bed.swift→swiftly
4．I will do everything to my power to protect them！to→in
5．Their opponents were in the possession of the ball for most of the match.去掉第一个the
6．She made the last appeal to her father to forgiving her.forgiving→forgive
7．It was not until my mother came back he went to bed.back后加that
8．With their homework finishing, the children went to play football.finishing→finished
Ⅲ.选词填空
be associated with， appeal to， be restricted to， ahead of， set up， catch a glimpse of， look back over one's shoulder， beyond one's power
1．Education should not be_restricted_to any one specific age group.
2．The performances they are putting on appealed_to a crowd of people.
3．I think the work can be completed ahead_of time.
4．In my country purple is_associated_with being noble.
5．Not that I do not want to help you, but that it is beyond_my_power to do so.
6．He looked_back_over_his_shoulder,_and smiled to us.
7．A new telegraph line has been set_up between the two cities.
8．I just caught_a_glimpse_of my mother as she disappeared into the shop.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Friends regarded Karen and Jeff as a shining example of a happily married (marry) couple.
2．It was fashionable in the sixties but definitely (definite) passe in the eighties.
3．They appealed to the young men to_volunteer (volunteer) for service.
4．Talents come from diligence, and knowledge is gained by accumulation (accumulate)．
5．We have overcome (overcome) every objection and completed the mission on time.
6．Without hesitation, he struck out strongly for the drowning man.
7．There is no doubt that they will ask you for help.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Pop music does not appeal_to_me (吸引我) just like classical music to you.
2．In children's minds, summers are_associated_with_picnics (与野餐联系在一起)．
3．China is a country where the_people_are_in_power (人民当权)．
4．A punctual person always finishes everything ahead_of_time (提前)．
5．In order that we might get there on time, we_should_set_out_early (我们应该早出发)．
6．I'd thought I_could_hold_out (我能坚持) till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable.
7．Peter sat on the train, eyes fixed_on_the_fields (眼睛盯着田地) outside the windows.
8．She turned_away (转过身) in horror at the sight of so much blood.
9．Computers will play_an_important_part_in_our_life (在我们的生活中起重要作用) in the near future.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
When a dog loses a leg, the animal eventually figures out the best way to get around on three legs. In a short time, the dog learns to deal with its physical disability. Now, scientists have developed robots that behave in much the same way.
Nowadays, robots can be seen everywhere. Robots build cars, play chess and can clean your house. Two robots were even sent to Mars to explore the red planet. Robots may someday drive your car, too.
Jeff Clune, a computer scientist with the University of Wyoming, says robots can also help people in natural disasters. Robots are used in search and rescue operations following an earthquake. They may someday also be used to examine the wreckage (废墟) of a nuclear accident, like the one in Fukushima, Japan.
Mr. Clune says robots can be sent to a lot of unsafe places. “The problem is that all of those types of situations and environments are extremely dangerous and unpredictable. And it is very likely that robots and humans in those situations become damaged.”
He and other scientists are developing technology so that robots will continue operating after the first sign of injury. They want the machines to have the ability to make changes and continue performing until they can be repaired.
Mr. Clune and researchers in France have added one more operation to the skill set of robots working under difficult conditions. Once the robots become damaged, they use their knowledge of how their body works to find a way to deal with the damage. The robots are programmed with child-like curiosity. In other words, they are always asking questions and looking for answers. The whole process takes about a minute for the robots to find a way to overcome damage. They have now already programmed a robot with six legs and a robotic arm to learn how to deal with injuries.
语篇解读：科学家正在研制一种能在危险环境下作业，并在被损伤后通过自我检测，提供应对措施，从而不影响正常工作的新型机器人。
1．Why is a dog mentioned in the first paragraph?
A．To bring in the topic of the text.
B．To prove a dog's ability to repair itself.
C．To show the similarity between a dog and a robot.
D．To predict what a dog can do in a dangerous situation.
解析：选A　写作意图题。文章开头提到狗能够很快适应身体残疾，就是为了引出本文要讨论的话题——机器人应对自身损坏。
2．What can't robots do so far according to the text?
A．Play chess.　　 　 　 B．Clean houses.
C．Drive cars. D．Explore space.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Robots may someday drive your car, too.”可知，目前机器人还不能开车。
3．What is the problem for robots working in natural disasters?
A．They can't behave in a normal way.
B．They are very likely to be injured.
C．They might perform unpredictably.
D．They take a long time to overcome damage.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“And it is very likely that ...become damaged.”可知，在危险多变的环境下，机器人容易受到损伤。
4．The robots deal with damage by ________.
A．repairing the injuries by themselves
B．sending signals to their designers for help
C．adding more advanced skills to themselves
D．consulting their own programs to find solutions
解析：选D　细节理解题。从最后一段中的“use their knowledge of how their body works to find a way to deal with the damage”和“asking questions and looking for answers”可知，机器人被损伤后，它可以自己查寻程序，找到解决方案。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Recently, my family went on a trip to Costa Rica.
One morning at breakfast, my mom noticed a lady who __1__ (make) corn tortilla (薄饼) on a large skillet (煎锅). My mom asked Jessica, one of the waitresses, where to buy such a skillet. Jessica took my mom to the lady, __2__ said it was at a market in Santa Cruz. But my mom wouldn't be able to make it there __3__ it was 2 hours away by bus.
__4__ (surprise), Jessica said she lived in Santa Cruz so she would buy a skillet __5__ my mom. We were all amazed — she was willing to do such a favor for a complete stranger!
The next morning, as we sat down at our table, Jessica came with a skillet. My mom was so __6__ (delight)! Jessica even refused __7__ (accept) any money for the skillet. My mom thanked her repeatedly for her __8__ (kind) and gave her a lot more money than the skillet actually cost, __9__ (hope) that it would go a long way for her and her family.
They hugged each other as if they were long-lost friends. Jessica even came to say goodbye as we were leaving. This memory will definitely __10__ (impress) on our hearts forever.
答案：1.was making　2.who　3.because/since
4．Surprisingly　5.for　6.delighted　7.to accept
8．kindness　9.hoping　10.be impressed
课件71张PPT。Module 2 Fantasy Literature Philip Pullman Section Ⅴ Writing-如何写科幻故事
科幻故事是开放式作文的一种，一般给出一段材料，要求我们充分发挥想象力来拓展原材料内容，运用逻辑推理的方法，沿着材料的纵横方向延伸，给故事添加开头、结尾或中间过程。想象必须合理而且内容丰富，要抓住主题，运用恰当的词汇、句型与语句间的连接成分写出连贯的表达，语言要流畅、具有美感。
一、写作流程
写科幻故事需要遵循以下步骤：
1．仔细审题，确定文章结构
科幻故事的写作一般可分为三部分：第一部分为故事的开始；第二部分为故事发展的过程及结果；最后一部分提出故事的教育意义。
2．根据需要确定时态
科幻故事通常是发生在过去，因此应以一般过去时为主。
3．筛选词汇
科幻故事一般为虚构的故事，要求语言比较夸张，为了吸引读者，故事的语言要生动、富于虚幻性。
二、增分佳句
(一)幻想故事的开端
1．Once upon a time, there lived a king.
很久以前，有一位国王。
2．Long long ago, there lived a king.
很久很久以前，有一位国王。
(二)幻想故事的发展和高潮
1．The ring suddenly began to speak, which made the brave young man very amazed.
戒指突然开始说话了，这使得这位勇敢的年轻人很惊异。
2．No one liked to talk to Wilbur, a weak pig, except a spider named Charlotte, who treated Wilbur asher good friend.
除了蜘蛛夏绿蒂，没有人喜欢和身体虚弱的小猪韦尔伯说话，夏绿蒂把韦尔伯当作她的好朋友。
3．In 2146, we are flying in the air, conveying signals through our minds.
在2146年，我们在空中飞翔，用意识传递信息。
(三)幻想故事的结局
They finally defeated the evil witch, living a happy life.
他们最终战胜了邪恶的女巫，过上了幸福的生活。
[题目要求]
某英文报社正在举行英文幻想故事大赛，请你根据所给出的故事的开头(不计入总词数)，续写一篇100词左右的幻想小故事参赛。
Once upon a time, a young man was walking through a wood when he saw a shining ring lying on the ground. He just stood, wondering and then the ring said, “Young man, a kind girl is trapped by a witch in the castle ahead. If you are brave enough to rescue her, you will gain happiness. Put on me and I will help you.”
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第一步：审题构思很关键
一、审题
1．确定体裁：幻想故事属记叙文范畴；
2．确定人称：主体为第三人称；
3．确定时态：以一般过去时为主。
二、构思
第一部分为故事的开始。
第二部分为故事发展的过程。
最后一部分提出故事的结果。
第二步：核心词汇想周全
1．hesitate_to_do_...　　　　　 犹豫做……
2．put_...on 把……戴上
3．invisible 看不见的
4．head_for 向……走去
5．approach 靠近
6．put_a_spell_on 用咒符镇住
7．with_the_help_of_... 在……的帮助下
8．remove 使消失
9．together_with 和……一起
10．defeat 打败
第三步：由词扩句雏形现
1．年轻人没有犹豫，戴上了这枚戒指。(简单句)
The_young_man_didn't_hesitate_and_put_the_ring_on_his_finger.
2．他吃惊地发现自己消失了，其他人都看不见他。(that宾语从句)
Surprisingly,_he_discovered_that_he_disappeared_and_was_invisible_to_other_people.
3．他感到更有自信了，向前面的城堡走去。(简单句)
He_felt_more_confident_and_headed_for_the_castle_ahead.
4．一靠近城堡，他就戴上了戒指，进入了城堡。(as soon as)
As_soon_as_he_approached_the_castle,_he_put_on_the_ring_and_entered_the_castle.
5．最终他找到了那个女孩，她被女巫施了魔咒。(“介词＋关系代词”定语从句)
Eventually,_he_found_the_girl,_on_whom_the_witch_had_put_a_spell.
6．他了解到除非有人将女巫的魔棒(magical club)毁掉，否则女孩永远不能动。(unless条件状语从句)
He_learned_that,_unless_someone_destroyed_the_witch's_magical_club,_the_girl_couldn't_move_forever.
7．在戒指的帮助下，他在一个金盒中找到了魔棒。并成功地将其毁掉，解除了女巫对女孩施的魔咒。(and连接多个并列动词)
With_the_help_of_the_ring,_he_found_the_magical_club_in_a_golden_box,_destroyed_it_successfully,_and_removed_the_spell_put_on_the_girl_by_the_witch.
8．这个年轻人和女孩一起打败了女巫，他们幸福地生活在一起。(简单句)
The_young_man,_together_with_the_girl,_defeated_the_witch,_and_they_lived_a_happy_life_together.
第四步：句式升级造亮点
1．将句1和句2合并成用动词-ing形式作状语的句子
The_young_man_didn't_hesitate_to_put_the_ring_on_his_finger,_surprisingly_discovering_that_he_disappeared,_invisible_to_other_people.
2．用on＋动词-ing形式改写句4
On_approaching_the_castle,_he_put_on_the_ring,_and_entered_the_castle.
3．用动词-ing形式作状语改写句7
With_the_help_of_the_ring,_he_found_the_magical_club_in_a_golden_box,_and_destroyed_it_successfully,_thus_removing_the_spell_put_on_the_girl_by_the_witch.
第五步：过渡衔接联成篇
Once upon a time, a young man was walking through a wood when he saw a shining ring lying on the ground. He just stood, wondering and then the ring said, “Young man, a kind girl is trapped by a witch in the castle ahead. If you are brave enough to rescue her, you will gain happiness. Put on me and I will help you.”
The_young_man_didn't_hesitate_to_put_the_ring_on_his_finger,_surprisingly_discovering_that_he_disappeared,_invisible_to_other_people._He_felt_more_confident_and_headed_for_the_castle_ahead._On_approaching_the_castle,_he_put_on_the_ring,_and_entered_the_castle._Eventually,_he_found_the_girl,_on_whom_the_witch_had_put_a_spell._He_learned_that,_unless_someone_destroyed_the_witch's_magical_club,_the_girl_couldn't_move_forever._With_the_help_of_the_ring,_he_found_the_magical_club_in_a_golden_box,_and_destroyed_it_successfully,_thus_removing_the_spell_put_on_the_girl_by_the_witch.
The_young_man,_together_with_the_girl,_defeated_the_witch,_and_they_lived_a_happy_life_together.
课件13张PPT。Module 2单元加餐练（一）~（二）完形阅读组合练
加餐练(一)　完形阅读组合练
Ⅰ.完形填空
One day last week, while I was watching TV at home, I came across a program called How I Made My Millions. I thought, “Oh, this must be one of those __1__ commercials (广告) that promise to make you millions.” __2__ I was wrong.
The program came on and I showed great interest and __3__ watching. These were ordinary people with __4__ ideas. They not only talked about their ideas, but also took __5__ and persevered (坚持) even though many people __6__ their ideas. The last laugh is, of course, on those who didn’t give up their ideas. The people in this __7__ are now millionaires. They succeeded because they didn’t quit and took the __8__ steps to achieve their success. Yes, they had __9__， but they did not prevent them from continuing. And it __10__ paid off for them.
I can remember when I worked for a large __11__， I made a good salary, but no longer __12__ the work I was doing. I __13__ to work on my websites, but I could not see any way to make an income that would __14__ my family. After years of struggle, I finally left my __15__ and focused on the websites. Though I faced a lot of difficulties, I __16__ gave up. I am now making a good income. I am not a millionaire yet, but I continually __17__ and push the envelope.
The purpose in sharing this story with you is to __18__ you to take action on your ideas, and not to quit. Learn from your __19__ and overcome the challenges. As Walt Disney once said, “If you can __20__ it, you can do it.”
语篇解读：我们有好的主意时，应该采取行动，即使遇到困难也不要放弃，这样最终才能成功。
1．A.expensive　　　　　　 B．useless
C．amazing D．long
解析：选B　作者一开始认为这个节目一定是一些“没用的”商业广告。
2．A.Still B．So
C．Also D．But
解析：选D　根据“I was wrong”可知需选D项，表示转折。
3．A.suggested B．began
C．kept D．stopped
解析：选C　根据“I showed great interest”可知，作者“继续”看那个节目。
4．A.normal B．strange
C．fresh D．great
解析：选D　那些人后来都成为了百万富翁，说明他们的那些主意很“不错”。
5．A.curiosity B．action
C．advice D．interest
解析：选B　根据“They not only talked about their ideas”可知，那些人也采取了“行动”。
6．A.laughed at B．looked at
C．sought for D．cared about
解析：选A　根据“even though”以及下文内容可知，很多人“取笑”那些人的主意。
7．A.circle B．room
C．show D．world
解析：选C　这里是指这个“节目”中的那些人现在已是百万富翁。
8．A.unusual B．immediate
C．interesting D．necessary
解析：选D　根据“They succeeded because”可知，这里是讲那些人获得成功的原因，故他们采取了“必要的”措施。
9．A.dislikes B．schedules
C．difficulties D．advantages
解析：选C　根据“but they did not prevent them from continuing”可知，他们在创业途中遇到了“困难”。
10．A.quickly B．truly
C．frequently D．suddenly
解析：选B　那些人最终获得了成功，可知他们的坚持“真地”给了他们回报。
11．A.company B．family
C．country D．area
解析：选A　根据“worked for”可知选A项最好，表示在一家大“公司”上班。
12．A.promoted B．enjoyed
C．needed D．understood
解析：选B　作者在那里上班时，虽然工资很高，但不再“喜欢”那份工作了。
13．A.struggled B．refused
C．feared D．wanted
解析：选D　根据下文内容可知，作者“想要”自己创业。
14．A.expand B．love
C．support D．protect
解析：选C　根据“to make an income”可知这里是指“养家”。
15．A.hobby B．job
C．position D．habit
解析：选B　前文有提到作者在一家大公司上班，故这里是指终于离开了那份“工作”。
16．A.never B．hardly
C．always D．sometimes
解析：选A　根据“Though I faced a lot of difficulties”可知，虽然作者面临很多困难，但是“从来没”放弃。
17．A.learn B．ask
C．observe D．review
解析：选A　根据上下文内容可知，作者通过创业可以不断“学习”新的东西。
18．A.expect B．beg
C．encourage D．force
解析：选C　根据上文内容可知，作者是想“鼓励”我们有好的主意后要采取行动，不要放弃。
19．A.concerns B．thoughts
C．comments D．failures
解析：选D　根据语境可知，为了能够成功，我们应该从“失败”中学习。
20．A.know B．dream
C．realize D．touch
解析：选B　作者引用Walt Disney的话是想告诉我们，只要敢于“梦想”，就能成功。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
The United Nations just put together a deal that should prove a major victory for the world’s threatened forests.
While we all know it’s foolish to destroy all of the world’s forests, deforestation (滥砍滥伐) continues to run out of control because developing nations are more interested in the financial gains than the environment.
Clearly, if we want developing nations to preserve their forests, we have to give them financial encouragement to do so. That’s where the U．N. comes in.
Paying developing nations to stop cutting down forests is part of the U．N.’s goal to end deforestation by the year 2030. This plan has actually been kicking around in the U．N. for about a decade. The reason is that it’s tricky to find a balance between protecting the forests and stripping (剥夺) local people of their land.
Previous attempts at protecting lands have left local communities neither compensation (补偿) nor reasonable source of income. To prevent this, the U．N. wants to work with both government bodies and local communities to reach agreements that satisfy all parties.
The need for forests in the fight against climate change is twofold (双面的). Firstly, the act of chopping down trees currently creates 17 percent of the world’s emissions as carbon and other harmful gasses escape from the fallen trees. Secondly, trees naturally help to fight against climate change by taking in carbon. The more trees we leave alive, the slower the effects of carbon change will occur.
Altogether, scientists predict that preserving existing forests could reduce 8.8 billion tons of carbon emissions annually.
The U．N. still has one issue to work out before the plan is official: the money. The U．N. could shell out some, but outside private donations will probably be necessary in the long run. However, U．N. officials are confident that — given the forests’ importance to the planet — it will find the money necessary to make this plan happen.
语篇解读：世界范围内的森林滥砍滥伐现象日趋严重，联合国要出台什么新招数来应对呢？本文为你揭晓答案。
1．What is the U．N.’s plan discussed in the text?
A．Cutting down on the world’s emissions.
B．Encouraging local people to give up their land.
C．Paying developing nations to stop deforestation.
D．Calling on developing nations to protect their forests.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，联合 国的计划是为发展中国家提供财政支持，阻止这些国家的滥砍滥伐行为。另外，抓住文章中的compensation、money等核心词也可以找到答案。
2．Why do developing nations keep cutting down forests?
A．To make more furniture.
B．To make more money.
C．To protect the environment.
D．To make better use of their land.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段的“...developing nations are more interested in the financial gains ...”可知，发展中国家这么做是为了获取更多的经济收入，故选B项。
3．What does the underlined word “tricky” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A．Easy. B．Impossible.
C．Likely. D．Difficult.
解析：选D　词义猜测题。这项计划之所以大约十年悬而未决，说明在保护森林和剥夺当地人的土地之间找到平衡的办法是很困难的，故选D项。
4．What is Paragraph 6 mainly about?
A．Why we need to reduce the world’s emissions.
B．How living trees reduce the effects of carbon change.
C．Why forests are needed to fight against climate change.
D．What bad effects chopping down trees has on the environment.
解析：选C　段落大意题。本段从被砍倒的树排放碳等有害气体而活着的树吸收二氧化碳两方面说明树对环境变化的双重作用，所以C项是正确的。
加餐练(二)　第Ⅱ卷规范增分练
Ⅰ.语法填空
In the jewelry market, the diamond (钻石) takes a big part.
Chinese women, __1__ (particular) the married ones, helped drive global diamond jewelry sales up __2__ 3 percent to a record high of D|S79 billion in the past year. Demand from China grew 14 percent, the __3__ (fast) rate globally.
The demand mainly came from married women, who accounted for two __4__ (three) of purchases (购买) and sales value. Engaged (订婚的) women accounted for around 20 percent of purchases and __5__ (contribute) to just under a quarter of sales value in China, while single women accounted for 14 percent of purchases and made up 11 percent of sales value.
__6__ is wedding-purchase for many women in China that is driving the demand. Many single women are __7__ (buy) diamonds for themselves in China too. __8__ China remains the largest contributor to demand in the global diamond jewelry market, its increase rate started to slow. China has been the biggest __9__ (grow) engine for the diamonds business for the past five to 10 years. The rate is slowing down now, but it’s still a big increase. This year the demand of China __10__ (be) just under 10 percent.
答案：1.particularly　2.by　3.fastest　4.thirds
5．contributed　6.It　7.buying　8.Although/Though
9．growth　10.will be
Ⅱ.短文改错
As a warm-hearted boy, I often do what I can help others. In my opinion, help others is both meaningful and rewarding. More importantly, it makes me feel happy.
Yesterday, I was on my way to school while I saw a foreigner, who looked very anxious. I went up to him without a hesitation. By talking about him, I learned that he has lost his way and couldn’t find his hotel. Seeing his worrying expression, I offered to lead him to his hotel. On arriving there, he expressed his deeply thanks to me. Because I was late for school, I still received my teacher’s praise for helping other in need.
答案：第一句：can后加to
第二句：help→helping
第四句：while→when
第五句：去掉a
第六句：about→with; has→had
第七句：worrying→worried
第八句：deeply→deep
第九句：Because→Though/Although; other→others
Ⅲ.书面表达
假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Jack听说你寒假打算参加军事冬令营，来信询问你的理由。请你从学习独立、合作交友两方面介绍自己的想法。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：军事冬令营Military Winter Camp
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________________________________________________________________________
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参考范文：
Dear Jack，
I’m glad to hear from you. Let me tell you why I’m going to take part in the Military Winter Camp.
To be honest, I have never been away from home for long before and I hope to have a chance to deal with everything on my own. I believe the strict camp life will make me independent enough to take care of myself. In addition, I am shy and not good at communicating with others. The activity will help me a lot in developing my ability to cooperate with others. Hopefully, I will make new friends during the activities of the camp. I’m sure the military camp will be of great benefit to me.
Yours，
Li Hua
Module 2 Fantasy Literature Philip Pullman
Mary was gifted in writing, always dreaming of becoming a writer like J．K. Rowling and writing a series of novels associated with fantasy to accumulate a big fortune. Thusshe set outto write, but her manuscripts were rejected again and again by presses. And at one point she was burdened with rent. She began todoubt if writing is beyond her power. It washer boyfriend that played an important part in her writing. With his help, Mary made adjustments in time, overcameall kinds of difficulties, and turned to writing love stories. It was not long before her first love story was published and distributed by a press, and her work appealed to thousands of readers. Soon she possessed her own big house, and she never doubted her ability to attain her target.
玛丽在写作上很有天赋，她一直梦想着成为一位像J.K. Rowling一样的作家，写一系列与幻想有关的小说，积累一大笔财富。因此她开始着手写作，但是她的稿件一次次地被出版社拒绝。而且她曾一度为房租所累。她开始怀疑是否写作超出了她的能力范围。是她的男朋友在她的写作方面起了重要的作用，在他的帮助下，玛丽及时做出了调整，克服了各种困难，改写爱情小说。不久，她的第一部爱情小说就被一家出版社出版发行，并且她的作品吸引了成千上万的读者。很快她拥有了自己的大房子，她不再怀疑她有能力实现自己的目标。
课件3张PPT。课时跟踪练(一) Introduction & Reading — Pre reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Fantasies for young readers really began with the fairy tales of writers such as the Brothers Grimm. Of course, all the children who grow up reading these books and tales never, at heart, really grow up at all, for such wonderful stories are forever carved in their minds. And fairy tales are as much fun to read when we are fifty, only for memorable reasons, as they were when we were children.
But it’s obvious these days that fantasies aren’t only for the little ones. In 1977, 23 years after The Lord of the Rings by Tolkien was published, Terry Brooks published his first novel, The Sword of Shannara. It became the first work of fiction ever to appear on The New York Times trade paperback bestseller list, where it remained for over five months. Following the release of Tolkien’s work, earlier works of fantasy, like T．H. White’s The Once and Future King and E．R. Eddison’s The Mezentian Gate (in 1958) came out before The Sword of Shannara, but neither had an influence quite like The Sword of Shannara. Fantasies were truly reborn.
As the popularity of fantasies began to grow quickly, the film and television industry climbed_aboard_the_bandwagon. During the 1980s, the fantasy/adventure movie was born. Detective Conan is a classic to the 1980s. Other less memorable films can still be found in video stores. The lack of really good fantasy movies in the recent past can be blamed on substandard (低于标准的) special effects. However, now, in an age of post-modern computer technology, the impossible is no longer a concern. Since the release and popularity of The Lord of the Rings, cinema screen production rights have been purchased for scores of fantasy novels, from Terry Brooks to Robert Jordan.
The future of fantasies has never looked so assured. Even children’s cinema has had its own successes through the big screen release of the Harry Potter series and the classic Peter Pan. While there remains a choice to go beyond the reality we know, there will always be fantasies.
语篇解读：奇幻作品对每个年龄段的人都有吸引力。作者相信，随着电脑技术的发展，奇幻文学的前景将会非常广阔。
1．What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A．Fairy tales live in people’s mind.
B．Fantasies are attractive to persons of all ages.
C．Fantasies appear earlier than fairy tales.
D．The Brothers Grimm is famous for The Sword of Shannara.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“And fairy tales are as much fun ...we were children.”可知，不论是孩子还是中老年人都觉得童话很有趣，由此可推知，奇幻作品对各个年龄段的人都具有吸引力。
2．Which of the following fantasy books showed the rebirth of fantasies?
A．The Sword of Shannara.
B．The Lord of the Rings.
C．The Once and Future King.
D．The Mezentian Gate.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二、三、四、五句话可知，The Sword of Shannara的出版标志着奇幻文学的重生。
3．The underlined phrase “climbed aboard the bandwagon” probably means “________”．
A．faced challenges　 　　 B．gave up hope
C．made an announcement D．followed the trend
解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的第一句话可知，奇幻文学越来越受欢迎；由第三段中的倒数第一、二句话可知，由于电脑技术的发展，随着奇幻文学的流行，电影业和电视业也加入到这个大潮中来，由此可判断本短语的含义为“顺应潮流”。
4．What attitude does the writer have towards the future of fantasies?
A．Uncertain. B．Optimistic.
C．Uninterested. D．Worried.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The future of fantasies has never looked so assured.”可推知，作者对奇幻文学的未来持乐观态度。
B
A homeless man will have his Christmas wish come true when he sits down for dinner with his family for the first time in 12 years after being reunited with them through Facebook.
George Cunningham told Lee, a photographer, that his main concern over the holidays would simply be finding somewhere he could sit down and have a Christmas dinner. “I’m homeless and travelling around to any town that has shelter for the homeless people so that I can get a bed for the night. If I had to sleep out in this cold weather, I’d be dead already，” he said. Lee told Sky News that he thought the man’s simple Christmas wish was pretty amazing.
When George’s photograph was put on the Facebook page, which posts images of ordinary Irish men and women, the response was surprising with dozens of people offering to pay for his meal or even host him themselves.
One day, Lee was contacted (联系) by George’s sister, who had not communicated with her brother for 12 years. She wanted to invite George home for the holidays, but Lee had no way to contact George in Kinsale, a small fishing port in County Cork. “I have to ring around the town and get someone to find him，” he told Sky News. Finally someone found him and he rang him up.
This year, George will go home to spend Christmas with his family. But the offers of help haven’t ended there. A hotel administrator near his family home said George could spend a night there if he wanted and a clothes store also offered him a new suit for the big reunion.
George said it was all hard to believe that after his photo was put on the Internet, he suddenly started getting offers of meals and stuff.
语篇解读：一个12年无家可归的人，通过网络找到了家人，并将实现自己多年的圣诞晚餐愿望。
5．Who contributed a lot for George’s dream coming true?
A．His sister. B．A photographer.
C．A hotel owner. D．A clothes storekeeper.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段首句和末句以及第三段的内容可知，George告诉了摄影师Lee他的圣诞愿望，而Lee把他的照片放在Facebook上，引起了众人的关注，包括他姐姐，并最终梦想成真。因此B项正确。
6．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．George sometimes had no bed for the night
B．many people recognized George from the Facebook
C．George didn’t have a Christmas dinner with his family for 12 years
D．Lee didn’t expect Facebook could help George realize his dream
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文中对George的梦想描述可推断，他12年来从未和家人吃过圣诞晚餐，故答案选C项。
7．How did Lee try to contact George again?
A．He phoned George himself.
B．He phoned George’s sister.
C．He met George in Kinsale.
D．He let someone else find George.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，Lee打电话给村里的人，让他们帮助找George，故答案选D项。
8．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．Facebook helps lost people find home
B．A homeless man homes for Christmas
C．No dreams will fail to come true
D．Find ways to try to help the homeless
解析：选B　标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，B项既能概括文章主题，语言也简练清晰。
C
Ever wonder why playgrounds only belong to children? When you reach your mid-twenties, you aren’t expected to enjoy yourself as freely as you would in your teenage years. Why is such enjoyment limited to a particular age group only? A major culprit has to be our society’s tradition about sticking to life’s goals and advancing in a career path. But today, we’ll be shifting our attention towards a less-known reason — the absence of playing equipment for older generations.
The fix is easy and difficult at the same time. Easy, because the obvious way of rectifying (纠正) the matter would be to have playground equipment for adults placed in parks and on playgrounds with ones meant for younger generations. And it is difficult because not many companies make such play-structures and encouraging older people to frequent such locations is a hard task. Not many people would like to leave a few hours out of their already-busy routines to play. However, some companies have started installing (安装) play-structures big and strong enough for average-sized adults.
Could gyms provide the service? It depends on how you plan to use the gym-space for recreational purposes and mostly, they’re used to gain fitness only. And none of the time spent at the gym for this reason is considered to be recreational since it is not fun at all. When was the last time you saw somebody dead lifted 150 pounds? Never.
But if you modernize gyms and aim to provide activities other than, or alongside, fitness ones, then yes, gyms could be used for recreational and fun purposes. We’ve already seen examples including pool tables, badminton and squash (壁球) spaces in gyms and they are all great ways to get new adults and older people to have fun on a regular basis like children.
语篇解读：游乐场地并非孩子们的专属，成年人也应该从繁忙的生活中抽出时间来享受玩耍的乐趣。
9．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “culprit” in Paragraph 1?
A．React. B．Effect.
C．Cause. D．Crime.
解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的问句可知，画线词所在句子是在解释原因：人们普遍觉得大人们更应该致力于人生目标与事业，而不是玩耍。故选C项。
10．According to Paragraph 2, why is it easy to solve the problem?
A．Because many people prefer to play on the playground.
B．Because the solution to the problem is easy to find.
C．Because children are willing to share the playground with others.
D．Because companies have produced play-structures for adults.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，如果说容易，是因为解决成年人不能在游乐场地娱乐的问题的方法是显而易见的，那就是在游乐场地安放适合成年人娱乐的器材。
11．Which of the following best describes the relation between the paragraphs?
解析：选A　文章结构题。文章第一段提出成年人缺乏娱乐的问题，后三段提出了解决方法，即：在游乐场地(第二段)和健身房(第三、四段)安装适合成年人娱乐的器材。
12．Which of the following statements will the author mostly agree to?
A．The government should provide playing equipment for adults.
B．Gyms should be modernized to satisfy all age groups’ needs.
C．The playground should be provided for children only.
D．It’s a waste of money to go to professional gyms.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者认为应该让健身房现代化以便满足所有年龄段人们的需求。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Cleaning is necessary to enjoy the feeling after you clean — when everything is clean and in order. You feel better about yourself because you were productive and accomplished something that is beneficial to everyone in your household. Many people believe that cleaning is boring and tiring. __1__
__2__ To make things easier on you if you have a full day of other activities, clean a little bit at a time. For example, dust all of your furniture one day and then clean your floors the next. Or find something else that needs to be done.
Turn on your favorite music (CDs, radios, music videos on TV, etc.). Just let it all out. Dance, sing, and act crazy. __3__ Have some fun-act silly. You might like it. And it makes the tasks more manageable.
__4__ You’ll feel more organized when you have a list to follow. The feeling of accomplishment of your goals is also rewarding. And when you’ve done with the list, reward yourself by doing something fun.
Cleaning doesn’t always have to be drudgery (苦差事). The biggest tip I can give is not to let things get piled up and disgustingly (讨厌地) dirty. __5__ Do the things that need to be done routinely so that you won’t have even more work to do when you get down to cleaning.
A．Cleaning doesn’t have to be done in full all at one time, unless you want it to.
B．So you should enjoy cleaning your house and make others happy.
C．Write down a list of things that are the most important to do for that cleaning session.
D．But contrary to popular belief, cleaning can be madefun.
E．In fact, leaving things aside is sometimes a good idea.
F．You might feel silly, but try not to take yourself so seriously.
G．In other words, don’t put off cleaning.
答案：1～5　DAFCG
课时跟踪练(三) Other Parts of the Module
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A golden wedding is the fiftieth anniversary of a marriage (婚姻)．
2．They got the punishment (惩罚); they so richly deserved.
3．I’ve made a few minor adjustments (调整) to the plan.
4．The professor often contributes articles to a literary (文学的) journal.
5．Man is the only creature that is gifted (有天赋的) with speech.
6．Though very young, he shouldered the burden (负担) of his family.
7．Fat will be accumulated (积累) in your body if you stop doing sports.
8．Relying on our own efforts, we overcame (克服) all the difficulties.
9．Jones will be elected because many powerful (强有力的) men are back of him.
10．Happiness does not depend on material possessions (拥有物)．
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Mary, a friend of mine, was married with the young artist last month.with→to
2．With the continuous changes of job market, I made adjustments in my job.in→to
3．The boy ran swift up the stairs and hid behind my bed.swift→swiftly
4．I will do everything to my power to protect them！to→in
5．Their opponents were in the possession of the ball for most of the match.去掉第一个the
6．She made the last appeal to her father to forgiving her.forgiving→forgive
7．It was not until my mother came back he went to bed.back后加that
8．With their homework finishing, the children went to play football.finishing→finished
Ⅲ.选词填空
be associated with， appeal to， be restricted to， ahead of， set up， catch a glimpse of， look back over one’s shoulder， beyond one’s power
1．Education should not be_restricted_to any one specific age group.
2．The performances they are putting on appealed_to a crowd of people.
3．I think the work can be completed ahead_of time.
4．In my country purple is_associated_with being noble.
5．Not that I do not want to help you, but that it is beyond_my_power to do so.
6．He looked_back_over_his_shoulder,_and smiled to us.
7．A new telegraph line has been set_up between the two cities.
8．I just caught_a_glimpse_of my mother as she disappeared into the shop.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Friends regarded Karen and Jeff as a shining example of a happily married (marry) couple.
2．It was fashionable in the sixties but definitely (definite) passe in the eighties.
3．They appealed to the young men to_volunteer (volunteer) for service.
4．Talents come from diligence, and knowledge is gained by accumulation (accumulate)．
5．We have overcome (overcome) every objection and completed the mission on time.
6．Without hesitation, he struck out strongly for the drowning man.
7．There is no doubt that they will ask you for help.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Pop music does not appeal_to_me (吸引我) just like classical music to you.
2．In children’s minds, summers are_associated_with_picnics (与野餐联系在一起)．
3．China is a country where the_people_are_in_power (人民当权)．
4．A punctual person always finishes everything ahead_of_time (提前)．
5．In order that we might get there on time, we_should_set_out_early (我们应该早出发)．
6．I’d thought I_could_hold_out (我能坚持) till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable.
7．Peter sat on the train, eyes fixed_on_the_fields (眼睛盯着田地) outside the windows.
8．She turned_away (转过身) in horror at the sight of so much blood.
9．Computers will play_an_important_part_in_our_life (在我们的生活中起重要作用) in the near future.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
When a dog loses a leg, the animal eventually figures out the best way to get around on three legs. In a short time, the dog learns to deal with its physical disability. Now, scientists have developed robots that behave in much the same way.
Nowadays, robots can be seen everywhere. Robots build cars, play chess and can clean your house. Two robots were even sent to Mars to explore the red planet. Robots may someday drive your car, too.
Jeff Clune, a computer scientist with the University of Wyoming, says robots can also help people in natural disasters. Robots are used in search and rescue operations following an earthquake. They may someday also be used to examine the wreckage (废墟) of a nuclear accident, like the one in Fukushima, Japan.
Mr. Clune says robots can be sent to a lot of unsafe places. “The problem is that all of those types of situations and environments are extremely dangerous and unpredictable. And it is very likely that robots and humans in those situations become damaged.”
He and other scientists are developing technology so that robots will continue operating after the first sign of injury. They want the machines to have the ability to make changes and continue performing until they can be repaired.
Mr. Clune and researchers in France have added one more operation to the skill set of robots working under difficult conditions. Once the robots become damaged, they use their knowledge of how their body works to find a way to deal with the damage. The robots are programmed with child-like curiosity. In other words, they are always asking questions and looking for answers. The whole process takes about a minute for the robots to find a way to overcome damage. They have now already programmed a robot with six legs and a robotic arm to learn how to deal with injuries.
语篇解读：科学家正在研制一种能在危险环境下作业，并在被损伤后通过自我检测，提供应对措施，从而不影响正常工作的新型机器人。
1．Why is a dog mentioned in the first paragraph?
A．To bring in the topic of the text.
B．To prove a dog’s ability to repair itself.
C．To show the similarity between a dog and a robot.
D．To predict what a dog can do in a dangerous situation.
解析：选A　写作意图题。文章开头提到狗能够很快适应身体残疾，就是为了引出本文要讨论的话题——机器人应对自身损坏。
2．What can’t robots do so far according to the text?
A．Play chess.　　 　 　 B．Clean houses.
C．Drive cars. D．Explore space.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Robots may someday drive your car, too.”可知，目前机器人还不能开车。
3．What is the problem for robots working in natural disasters?
A．They can’t behave in a normal way.
B．They are very likely to be injured.
C．They might perform unpredictably.
D．They take a long time to overcome damage.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“And it is very likely that ...become damaged.”可知，在危险多变的环境下，机器人容易受到损伤。
4．The robots deal with damage by ________.
A．repairing the injuries by themselves
B．sending signals to their designers for help
C．adding more advanced skills to themselves
D．consulting their own programs to find solutions
解析：选D　细节理解题。从最后一段中的“use their knowledge of how their body works to find a way to deal with the damage”和“asking questions and looking for answers”可知，机器人被损伤后，它可以自己查寻程序，找到解决方案。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Recently, my family went on a trip to Costa Rica.
One morning at breakfast, my mom noticed a lady who __1__ (make) corn tortilla (薄饼) on a large skillet (煎锅). My mom asked Jessica, one of the waitresses, where to buy such a skillet. Jessica took my mom to the lady, __2__ said it was at a market in Santa Cruz. But my mom wouldn’t be able to make it there __3__ it was 2 hours away by bus.
__4__ (surprise), Jessica said she lived in Santa Cruz so she would buy a skillet __5__ my mom. We were all amazed — she was willing to do such a favor for a complete stranger!
The next morning, as we sat down at our table, Jessica came with a skillet. My mom was so __6__ (delight)! Jessica even refused __7__ (accept) any money for the skillet. My mom thanked her repeatedly for her __8__ (kind) and gave her a lot more money than the skillet actually cost, __9__ (hope) that it would go a long way for her and her family.
They hugged each other as if they were long-lost friends. Jessica even came to say goodbye as we were leaving. This memory will definitely __10__ (impress) on our hearts forever.
答案：1.was making　2.who　3.because/since
4．Surprisingly　5.for　6.delighted　7.to accept
8．kindness　9.hoping　10.be impressed
课时跟踪练(二) Introduction & Reading — Language Points
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Roughly (粗略地) speaking, I would say that about 100 people attended the exhibition.
2．I am not going to stand for that kind of behavio(u)r (行为)．
3．All the students that work hard can definitely (一定地) pass the exam.
4．I told her that if she needed me, to contact me without hesitation (犹豫)．
5．When the police arrived, the crowd scattered in all directions (方向)．
6．Bitten (咬) by a dog, the little boy did not dare to play with dogs again.
7．They were in a state of exhaustion (疲惫) after climbing the mountain.
8．The mends on your coat were almost invisible (看不见的)．
9．As the afternoon passed, I found it more and more difficult to stay awake (醒着的).
10．When morning came，the mist had vanished (消失) away.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．There is no doubt whether smoking can seriously damage our health.whether→that
2．When a kid is playing outside, keep your eye on him at all times.eye→eyes
3．She had never hesitated to giving her pocket money to the needy.giving→give
4．She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed to his face.to→on
5．The children have been playing with my hat and they’ve knocked it out of the shape.去掉the
6．He has played important part in carrying through the whole plan.important前加an
7．She turned away when I came up her, as if she hadn’t seen me.up后加to
8．He dropped down into an arm chair, exhausting.exhausting→exhausted
Ⅲ.选词填空
play an important part in， come up to， hold up， put ...away， turn out， keep one’s eyes on， dream of， look around for， behave well， fix on
1．Children should not leave their toys on the floor.They should put them away.
2．The programme was so exciting that the children kept_their_eyes_on the screen.
3．This piece of work does not seem to come_up_to the required standard.
4．Parents play_an_important_part_in our character shaping.
5．It turned_out that the experiment was a success.
6．It’s hard to train children to behave_well at the table.
7．He dreamed_of becoming a movie star when he was young.
8．The bus was held_up because a tree had fallen across the road.
9．She sat still, her eyes fixed_on that picture hanging on the wall.
10．The old lady looked_around_for a porter to help her with her luggage.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Will was unable to think clearly with 1.exhaustion (exhaust) and he stood trying to clear his mind when he saw a cat. Putting down his shopping bag, Will held out his hand; the cat came up to rub her head 2.against his knuckles.
Finally the cat turned away padding across the road and towards the bushes, in front of 3.which she stopped. There, Will saw her behave 4.curiously (curious); she reached out a paw to pat something in the air. After 5.the second try, the cat stepped forward and vanished.
Will went across the road and came to the spot, only 6.to_find (find) that it was a patch in the air that the cat vanished into. 7.Wondering (wonder) what it was on the other side of the patch, he scrambled through the hole 8.without hesitation into another world, and there he found 9.amazing (amaze) scenery which fascinated Will. With a dawning light-headedness, he began to look around 10.for the cat, his guide.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
李平是个优秀的男孩，因此，他的父母经常带他去参加一些宴会。在宴会上，他表现得体(behave oneself)。有人同他说话时，他从来不扭过头去(turn ...away)。在学校，他向每个人伸出(hold out)友谊之手。无论何时他的同学陷入困境，他都毫不犹豫(hesitate)帮忙。因此他受到同学们的欢迎。在课堂上，他有问题时就举手。更重要的是，他门门功课优秀。依他的老师们看，毫无疑问(there is no doubt that)他会被重点大学录取。
Li Ping is a good boy and as a result, his parents often take him to some parties.At parties, he behaves himself.When someone is talking to him, he never turns his head away.At school, he holds out a friendly hand to everyone .Whenever one of his classmates is in trouble, he doesn’t hesitate to help. Therefore, he is popular with his classmates. In class, he raises his hand when he has a question to ask. Most importantly, he is good at all his subjects.In his teachers’ view, there is no doubt that he will be admitted into a key university.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
Several years ago, we planned to move out of the city and buy a country house. The first __1__ was finding a suitable country house that we could afford. We started to __2__ the real estate listings online and thought we had found a really __3__ one. My wife Catherine went to look at it. I was expecting a positive result. __4__， my wife told me the house wasn’t suitable for us at all. While this was not the __5__ of the world, it prevented us from carrying out our plans as we expected. So, what did we do? Could we __6__ and decide to stay where we were? No. We decided to __7__ looking.
To make a long story __8__， it took us two years of weekly visits to the real estate listings before we __9__ found three houses that might be suitable. The next __10__ seemed obvious — we had to take some time off work and drive down to __11__ these houses. So, off we went for our little drive and after 15 hours of steady driving, we __12__. The next three days were intense — looking, then looking again and then finally making an __13__. The final story has a __14__ ending — we found our house, and __15__ several months later.
Sometimes, __16__ show up out of nowhere to destroy the best of plans, and some of these difficulties can be the __17__ play. However, if you adopt the philosophy that every obstacle has a solution, then you can find your __18__ through. Obstacles will appear no matter who you are or what you are trying to __19__， but it is only those who know there is a solution and keep digging until they find it that will __20__ one day.
语篇解读：遇到挫折时，我们要坚信有解决的办法，并且努力解决问题。
1．A.reward　　　　　　　　 B．measure
C．suggestion D．difficulty
解析：选D　根据后文内容可知，作者提到了实施这个计划的很多挫折，故这里是指第一个“困难”。
2．A.make out B．look for
C．look through D．make up
解析：选C　他们想找一座房子，应该“浏览”房地产提供的房源信息。
3．A.special B．good
C．expensive D．large
解析：选B　根据“My wife Catherine went to look at it.”可知，他们以为找到了一座“好的”房子。
4．A.Luckily B．Necessarily
C．Sadly D．Seriously
解析：选C　根据“my wife told me the house wasn’t suitable for us at all”可知，此处应表示“令人难过的是”。
5．A.nature B．side
C．fact D．end
解析：选D　根据语境可知，这里是指尽管这件事并不是世界“末日”。
6．A.get off B．show up
C．take off D．give up
解析：选D　根据“and decide to stay where we were”可知，这里是指我们应该“放弃”吗？
7．A.try B．stop
C．keep D．begin
解析：选C　根据后文作者他们继续找房子的语境可知，这里是指他们“坚持”继续找房子。
8．A.honest B．short
C．worthwhile D．interesting
解析：选B　根据后半句内容可知，此处应为To make a long story short，意为“长话短说”。
9．A.finally B．suddenly
C．hopelessly D．quickly
解析：选A　根据“it took us two years”可知，此处意为他们“终于”找到了三个他们认为合适的选择。
10．A.idea B．step
C．tip D．way
解析：选B　根据“we had to take some time off work and drive down to”可知，这里是指接下来的“步骤”。
11．A.decorate B．design
C．see D．paint
解析：选C　作者他们看中那些房子后应该亲自再去“看一下”房子。
12．A.changed B．escaped
C．settled D．arrived
解析：选D　根据“after 15 hours of steady driving”可知，这里是指经过那么久之后他们“到达”了那里。
13．A.offer B．award
C．address D．opinion
解析：选A　他们最终决定买哪座房子了，所以进行了“开价”。
14．A.happy B．wrong
C．familiar D．different
解析：选A　根据“we found our house”可知这里是指事情有了一个“快乐的”结尾。
15．A.registered B．checked
C．moved D．left
解析：选C　他们找到了房子，几个月之后就“搬家”了。
16．A.surprises B．hopes
C．disasters D．challenges
解析：选D　根据前文的故事可知，这里是指有时候“挑战”会出现，来破坏我们的计划。
17．A.amazing B．final
C．useful D．wonderful
解析：选B　根据语境及下文内容可知，这里是指有时候这些挑战的出现意味着最后一搏，故选B项。
18．A.way B．support
C．dream D．goal
解析：选A　这里是指要坚信我们能找到一种解决问题的“方法”。
19．A.damage B．fear
C．achieve D．hide
解析：选C　这里是指不管我们是谁，或是想要取得什么“成就”，都会面临挑战。
20．A.struggle B．succeed
C．improve D．appear
解析：选B　根据全文内容可知，只有找到解决方法，然后继续努力，我们才能最终“成功”。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Today our class have an outing to Dayan Mountain but we really had a wonderful time.
We set off by bikes from our school on time at 6：00 in the morning, because it was foggy. We arrived to the foot of the mountain at about 7. After a short rest, we began to climb the mountain, that took us about two hours. By the time we made it to the top, the fog has already cleared. So we had a great fun enjoying the beautiful scenery, taking photos, and exploring wild plants.
The outing provided us a good chance to build up our health and get closely to nature.
答案：第一句：have→had; but→and
第二句：bikes→bike; because→but
第三句：to→at
第四句：that→which
第五句：has→had
第六句：去掉a
第七句：us后加with; closely→close