【备考2018】英语3年中考2年模拟专题复习学案第十讲非谓语动词（原卷+解析卷）

【备考2018】英语3年中考2年模拟一轮专题复习学案第十讲 非谓语动词 原卷
动词的非谓语形式包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式；其中分词又包含现在分词和过去分词两种形式。它们在句子中不能单独作谓语，非谓语动词为中考必考考点，考点有动名词、动词不定式的基本用法；动名词、动词不定式作宾语的固定搭配等。考题常在单项填空、完形填空、单词填空中设置1－3分的题。
一、动词不定式
思维导图记知识
1、形式：动词不定式基本形式由“不定式记号to+动词原形”构成。它的否定形式只要在“to” 前面加上“not”。它的疑问形式是：“wh-疑问词+to+动词原形”。*它的被动形式：“to be +过去分词”。*它的完成形式：“to have +过去分词”。
2、 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,即可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。但不定式也保留动词的某些特征,即不定式后面可以跟宾语、表语和状语。动词不定式加上相关成分就构成不定式短语。
3、动词不定式可以放在谓语前句子作主语。但是通常将作主语的动词不定式或不定式短语放在谓语后面,而在主语位置用“it”作形式主语(有时在不定式的前面还会用for sb.表示不定式的逻辑主语)。
如：To help animals is helping people.(帮助动物就是帮助人)
It is very difficult (for us) to learn Chinese well.((对于我们而言)学好汉语是非常的困难)
It took me half an hour to work out this problem.(解出这道题花了我一个小时的时间)
4、 动词不定式可以作谓语动词(及物动词)的宾语。
1）谓语动词(vt.) +不定式(作宾语)的词有：
want(想) / try(试图) / decide(决定) / would like(想要) / hope(希望)/ love(喜爱) / learn(学会) / afford(提供)/ agree(同意) / fail(失败、未能) / mean(意味着) / prefer(宁愿) / wish(希望) + to (do) (无)/help(帮助)to可以省略/begin(开始)/ start(开始)/hate(憎恨) 也可跟动名词,意义变化不大21教育网
forget(忘记) / remember(记得)/ like(总爱) 也可跟动名词,意义变化较大【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
如：I would like to have a rest at the moment.(我现在想休息一下)
They began to search the room for the thief.(他们开始在屋子里搜寻小偷)
He liked to have a swim in the pool near his house.(他喜爱在靠家的水塘里面游泳)
When did you learn to speak English?(你什么时候开始学英语的？)
Don’t forget to close the door when you leave.(你离开时别忘了关门
[比较] He forgot to turn off the light.(他忘了关灯.) (没关)
He forgot turning off the light.(他忘记关过灯.)(关了)
Please remember to ring me up.(记得给我打电话.)(还没打电话)
I remember calling you yesterday but you forgot.(我记得昨天给你打电话了,但是你忘记了.)(打过电话)
2）谓语动词+疑问词+不定式的词有：
tell (告诉) / show (显示) / know (知道) / ask (问) / find out (发现) / understand (明白) / wonder(疑惑) / learn(学会) / forget(忘记) / remember(记得) / teach sb.(教某人) / discuss(商讨) what /where/how + to (do)不定式疑问形式还可以作句子的主语、表语等。21·cn·jy·com
如：He does not know which one to take.(他不知道该选哪个)
Tell me how to get to the station.(告诉我怎么样去火车站)
She asked me what to do for today’s homework.(她问我今天家庭作业做什么)21*cnjy*com
Can you teach me how to search the internet?(你能教我怎样上网吗？)21*cnjy*com
3)不定式作宾语而后面又有宾语补足语时,通常用it代替作形式宾语,而不定式则后置。
如： I found it not very easy to learn to ride a bike.(我发现学骑车不很容易)
4)动词不定式可以在句子中用作定语,放在名词或代词后面。
a key to lock the door 锁门的钥匙a box to hold these things 装这些东西的箱子
give her a book to read 给她一本书读Is there any (+名词/代词) to (do)? 有…要(做的)吗?
It’s time to go. 是走的时间了。/ 该走了。Do you have any work to do? 你有工作要做吗?
I’d like something to eat. 我要点儿吃的。I have nothing to say. 我没有话要说。
Would you like something to drink? 你要点儿喝的吗？
5) 动词不定式可以在句子中用作状语,有下列几种情况：
[A] 放在不及物动词(come, go, stop, finish, wait等词)的后面。如：He came to see her yesterday.(他昨天来看望她)(表示来的目的)/ I stopped to have a rest.(我停下来休息一会儿)(表示停下来的目的)
[B] 放在完整的谓语之后(即“谓语+宾语”、“谓语+宾语+补语”、“动词+表语”之后)。如：We cleaned the room to let him play in it.(我们打扫了房间以便让他在里面玩)/ I opened the window to see more clearly.(我打开窗子以便看得更清楚点儿)21教育名师原创作品
[C] 有时表示目的的不定式短语可以放在句首。如：To arrive there on time,I got up one hour earlier than usual.(为了按时到达,我们比平时早起了一个小时)(表示早起的目的)
[注意] stop to do 与stop doing的不同。如：They stopped to have a look.(他们停下来看看)(不定式作“停下来”的目的状语)/ They stopped looking out of the window and began to listen to the teahcher.(他们停止向窗外望,开始听老师讲课)(动名词作宾语,表示“停止”的内容)
6)动词不定式可以在句子中用作表语,限用于连系动词之后。如：My job is to keep the goal.(我的工作就是守住球门)
7)动词不定式可以在句子中用作复合宾语中的宾语补足语。
谓 语 动 词(vt.)
+ 宾语 (人 / 物)
+不定式 (作宾语补足语)
ask(请) / tell(关照) / teach(教) / want(想要) / would like(想要) / get(让) / help(帮) / invite(邀请) / like(喜欢) / warn(警告) /
+sb. / sth.
+to (do)
make(使得) / let(让) / hear(听) / see(看) / feel(感觉) / watch(观看)/ have(使得) / help(帮助)
+sb. / sth.
+ (do)
如：Mum asked me to help her with the cooking.(妈妈叫我帮助她做饭)/ I would like you to see my parents.(我想要你见见我的父母)/ The boss often made the workers work 14 hours a day.(老板常让工人们一天工作14小时)/ Now let me hear you play the violin.(现在让我来听你拉小提琴) 2-1-c-n-j-y
[注意] help之后做宾补的不定式符号to可以省略；hear / see / feel / watch之后的宾补用不定式与现在分词时,含义不同,需特别注意,(参见现在分词部分)。试比较：
I heard her crying when I walked past.(我路过时听到她正在哭)(指当时瞬间的情况)
I sat near her and heard her sing the new song.(我坐在她附近听她唱新歌)(指整个过程)
二、动名词
1、动名词由动词原形加词尾“ing”构成。动名词有动词的特征,可以跟宾语,可以被状语修饰；它也有名词的特征,在句子中可以作主语、宾语(包括介词宾语)等。动名词加相关词语(宾语或状语等)构成动名词短语。
2、动名词可以作主语。一般可用it作形式主语而将动名词短语后移。如：Learning English all by yourself is not so easy.(自学好英语不那么容易)(=It is not so easy learning English all by yourself.)21cnjy.com
3、动名词可以作宾语。
[A] want / need之后用动名词时,含有被动意思。如：Your car needs reparing badly.(你的车急需修理。)(被修)My hair needs cutting.(我要理发。)(头发被理)
[B] remember / forge / stop / finish之后用动名词时,与用不定式含义不同。如：I forgot to write a letter to him.(我忘了给他写封信)(根本没写) / I forgot writing a letter to him.(我忘了给他写过信)(写了却忘了) / They stopped to look back.(他们停下来向后看)(停下的目的是向后看) / They stopped looking back.(他们停止向后看)(不向后看了)
[C] enjoy / mind / keep / hate/ go等词一般用动名词作宾语。如：Do you mind my closing the door?(把门关上你介意吗？)/ She hates travelling by air.(她讨厌坐飞机旅行)/ They went swimming every afternoon.(他们每天下午去游泳)/ I enjoy walking around the town.(我喜欢在镇上转悠)
[D] like / love / start / begin / learn后面用动名词时,与用不定式意思相近或相同。如：We began to study English when we were at primary school.(我们在小学时就开始学英语了) / We began studying English when we were at primary school. (我们在小学时就开始学英语了)
4、动名词可以作表语,此时特别注意不要与现在进行时混淆。如：My job is putting these parts together.(我的事情是把这些部件拼起来) / I am putting these parts together.(我正在把这些部件拼起来)
5、 动名词与现在分词构成相同,但是含义不同,动名词主要表示事情,而现在分词则主要表示进行着的动作。如：Eating too much is not good for your health. (动名词短语,作主语) / Seeing is believing.(动名词短语,分别作主语和表语) / He ran after a moving bus and got onto it.(现在分词,作定语) / His father saw him sitting on some eggs.(现在分词,作宾补)
三、分词： 包含现在分词和过去分词
1、主要区别：现在分词一般有主动的意思或表示动作正在进行的意思；过去分词有被动或动 作已经完成的意思。分词可以有自己的宾语或状语。
2、分词或分词短语在句子中作定语、状语和复合宾语等。
[A] 作定语：分词作定语时,一般要放在修饰的名词之前,分词短语作定语时,则要放在所修饰的名词之后。 如：I have got a running nose.(我流鼻涕) / The woman running after the thief shouted very loudly,“Stop the thief!”(跟着小偷追的妇女大喊：捉小偷！) / Yesterday I met a man called Mr. Black.(昨天我遇见了一个名叫布莱克先生的人)/ He only gave me a broken glass,so I was very angry with him.(他只给了我一个坏玻璃杯,所以我很生他的气)
[B] 现在分词可以作下列动词的宾语补足语。(参考不定式作宾语补足语)
谓语动词(vt.)
宾语
宾语补足语
keep(保持) / see(看到) / hear(听到) / watch(注意到) / feel(感觉到)
sb./sth.
(do)ing
如：Mum kept me working all the week.(妈妈让我一个星期都在工作)/ When I entered the room,I saw Jack eating a big pear.(我进入房间时看到杰克正在吃一只大梨子)/ In the dark I felt something very cold moving on my foot.(黑暗之中我感到有个冷的东西在我的脚上移动)
[C] 现在分词可以作状语,表示伴随情况。如：She came into the classroom,holding a pile of papers in her hand.(他走进教室,手上抓着一沓纸)/ I am very busy these days getting ready for the coming oral test.(这些日子我正忙着准备即将来到的口语考试)
[D] 过去分词可以作表语,放在连系动词后面,但要注意不要与被动语态混淆,“主系表”主要表示状态,而被动语态则表示动作。常用过去分词作表语的结构有：be worried (焦虑) / be pleased (高兴) / be tired (疲劳) / get dressed (打扮好) / get lost (迷路) / get caught (遭遇) / beome frustrated (沮丧) / become intereted in (对…感兴趣)等等。例略。
[E] 过去分词可以作宾语补足语。如：I had my hair cut this morning.(今天早上我让人给我理了发)(注意：have sth. done表示动作由别人来做,而have done sth.则为现在完成时的结构,两个结构不可以混淆)
考点一：考查非谓语动词用作主语：不定式或动名词用作主语，而分词不能担任句子中的主语。
典例1：[2017天津]It's very nice pictures for me.
A. of you to draw B. for you to draw C. for you drawing D. of you drawing
【解析】考查It's+形容词+of/for sb. +to do sth.句中it为形式主语，to do是真正的主语，当形容词是表示品质意思时，应该用of sb．，其他形容词用for sb．
【答案】A
举一反三
1. (2017·甘肃兰州·39)________is the best way to keep a good relationship with your parents，teachers and other people around you.
A. Active communicating B. Actively communicating C. Actively communication D. Active communicate
2. (2017·云南昆明·25)Nowadays，it's convenient and cheap for us ________ a shared-bicycle.
A. ride B. to ride C. flying D. to fly
考点二：考查非谓语动词用作宾语
典例2：[2017淄博市]一It's a bit cold Would you mind my ______all the windows?一Do as you like，please．
A．close B will close C．closing D．to close
【解析】动词mind意为“介意”，后跟动词时，应使用ing形式。
【答案】C
举一反三
1.[2017黔岭东南州].Mary and I enjoy ____________ badminton
A．to play B playing C．played
2.[2017黔岭东南州]--So hot in the classroom．Would you mind ___the windows?——0K．I'll do it right now．
A． not closing B not opening C closing D．opening
3.---Mr. Wang，I have trouble _______the text．一Remember ____it three times at least．[威海市]
A．to understand；reading B understanding；reading
C understanding；to read D．to understand；to read at night．
4.[2017武汉]--How are you feeling here?
--It's quite hot. I don't know to go or stay.
A. how B. when C. whether D. where
5. [2017贵阳]Many people think it's very important us learn English well.
A. for, to B. to, to C. with, for
考点三：考查非谓语动词用作宾语补足语原则上，所有的非谓语动词形式均可用作宾语补足语，其区别是：不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成和被动。
典例3：[2017北京市]Alice asked me another bag for her.
A. get B. got C. to get D. getting
【解析】 ask sb．to do sth．表示让某人做某事，此句话的意思为:“爱丽丝叫我给她再带一个包。”
【答案】C
举一反三
1. [2017长沙]Our parents often tell us not alone in the river in summer.21·世纪*教育网
A. swim B. to swim C. swimming
2..[2017绍兴]---What did your sister say to you last night?
---She asked me _________my father her secret
A. to tell not B. not to tell C. don’t tell D. not tell
3.[2017咸宁]Betty is often seen _______the old man with his housework.
A. help B. to help C. helped D. helps
4. [2017哈尔滨]Time goes by so fast. We must never miss the chance to show love for our parents and make them __________ how much they mean to us.
A. to know B. knowing C. know
5.[2017包头].--How do you feel when you see the national flag of China?
---It makes us ________proud.
A. feel B. to feel C. felt D. feeling
考点四：、考查非谓语动词用作定语
典例4：（2016江西省南昌） —Shopping with me?
—Sorry. I have a lot of clothes .
A．to wash B．washed C．wash D．to be washed
【解析】作定语用的不定式的逻辑主语是句中主语或宾语时，就用主动式的不定式来表被动意义。故选A。
【答案】A
举一反三1.He wants some water .他想要些水喝。(动宾)
to drink B. drink C.drinking
He has no friends to .他没有可以与之交谈的朋友。(介宾)
talking to B. talked to C.talk with
考点五：、考查非谓语动词用作状语
典例5： [2016重庆]-Linda, I am very thirsty.
--Let's go to the nearest supermarket some drinks, OK?
A. buy B. bought C. to buy D. buying
【解析】考查不定式作目的状语的用法。句意为：“咱们去最近的超级市场买些饮料。”
【答案】C
举一反三
1.In order ________the word a friendly place, one must show a friendly face.[乐山]www.21-cn-jy.com
A. makes B. making C. to make D. make
2.一There goes the bell．
一It's time for class. Let's stop_________.[福州市]
A． talk B to talk C．talking D．not talk
【解析】[答案]C[解析] 动词stop后既可接动词不定式作宾语，即：stop to do sth，也可以接动词的一ing形式作定语，即：stop doing sth。前者表示停下来(开始)做后面的动作，后者表示停止当前的动作。由语境“铃响了，到了上课时间，应停止交谈”可知，应选C项。
【答案】C
3. (2017·山东青岛· 13)As a volunteer，the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital ________ them up.
A. to cheer B. cheer C. cheering D. cheered
【解析】句意：作为一名志愿者，(这个)女孩儿想去看望医院里生病的孩子让他们开心。此处为不定式作目的状语，to cheer them up(让他们开心)。故选A。
【答案】A
4. (2017·河南·34)Whenever we kids come over，Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us ________ sure we don't break anything.
A. make B. made C. to make D. making
【解析】由句意可知，Auntie Susan站在那儿，看着我们的目的就是确保我们不破坏任何东西。故此处要用动词不定式表示目的。
【答案】C

一、单项选择
（ ）1. (2017·甘肃天水· 48)We'll do what we can ________ the sick man.
A. to help B. help C. helps D. helped
（ ）2. (2017·四川成都· 34)Our English teacher wants us ________ English stories out of class.
A. read B. reading C. to read
（ ）3. (2017·四川南充· 27)—Mario，your mobile phone is ringing.
—Wait a minute. It's dangerous for us ________ it while crossing the street.
A. answering B. to answer C. answer D. answered【版权所有：21教育】
（ ）4. (2017·甘肃白银·28)I look forward ________ you soon.
A. see B. seeing C. to see D. to seeing
（ ）5. (2017·湖南湘潭·30)Sometimes you have to stop ________ too much and just go where your heart takes you.
A. think B. to think C. thinking
（ ）6. (2017·湖南岳阳· 27)Though he often made his little sister ________，today he was made_________by her.
A. cry；to cry B. cried；crying C. to cry；cry
（ ）7. (2017·山东临沂·23)When President Xi Jinping has spare time，he enjoys ________ and sports.
A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
（ ）8. (2017·山东临沂· 26)Cindy's grandmother is learning ________ the new mobile phone.
A. use B. uses C. used D. to use
（ ）9. (2017·四川眉山· 28)Sam used to ________ games for fun，but now he wants to do________.
A. play；something else B. playing；something else C. play；else something D. playing；else something
（ ）10. (2017·四川眉山· 33)—I'm sorry，Miss Green. I left my math book at home.
—It doesn't matter. Please remember ________ it here tomorrow.
A. taking B. to take C. bringing D. to bring
（ ）11. (2017· 重庆A卷·25)—Do you have any places for the coming vacation?
—Sure. We decide ________ Sansha in July.
A. visit B. visiting C. visited D. to visit
（ ）12. (2017· 四川遂宁·27)Our teacher often tells us ________ time.
A. not waste B. don't waster C. not to waste D. doesn't waste
（ ）13. (2017·贵州六盘水·36)Jane is my new pen pal，I often look forward to ________ her e-mail.
A. receive B. receives C. receiving D. received
（ ）14. (2017·海南·38)After two hours' drive，the driver decided ________ and have a rest.
A. stop B. to stop C. stopping
（ ）15. (2017·重庆B卷·27)Dave is a good boy and he always finishes ________ his homework on time.
A. do B. did C. does D. doing
（ ）16. (2017·黑龙江哈尔滨·7)My favorite TV program is Readers. I think we should spend as much time as we can　________ in our spare time.
A. read B. to read C. reading
（ ）17. (2017·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·3)It is raining outside. Why not________ an umbrella?
A. to take B. take C. taking
（ ）18. (2017·湖北鄂州·27)—Jack hasn't taken his piano lessons for a long time.
—He is considering ________ his piano course and spending more time on his study.
A. to drop B. to throw C. dropping D. throwing
（ ）19. (2017·湖北孝感·31)To keep children away from danger，we warn parents ________ children at home alone.
A. leave B. to leave C. not leave D. not to leave
（ ）20. (2017·湖北宜昌·36)—You'd better advise him ________anything out of the window while driving.
—I will. He has to know it's dangerous.
A. not throwing B. no throwing C. not to throw D. don't throw
（ ）21.(2017·山东菏泽·29)—Have you decided when ________？—Yes，tomorrow morning.
A. will you leave B. are you leaving C. to leave
（ ）22. (2017·四川内江·30)In some African countries，children are made ________ heavy work because their parents have died.
A. doing B. done C. do D. to do
（ ）23. (2017·新疆阜康·30)Dick ____in America，but he has been_____ Chinese food since he moved to China.
A. used to live；used to eating B. is used to live；used to eat
C. is used to live；used to eating D. used to living；used to eat
（ ）24. (2017·上海·40)The workers are busy ________ windows to the new building these days.
A. fix B. fixed C. fixing D. to fix
（ ）25. (2017·重庆渝北·9)Could you please ________TV now? I'm studying for my test.
（ ）26. (2017·内蒙古包头·30)—Why did you buy so many flowers?
—________ my wife. I did something wrong yesterday. She is still angry with me
A. Please B. To please C. Pleasing D. Be pleased
（ ）27. (2017·吉林长春· 21)______ Chinese culture，many college students go to foreign countries every year.
A. Spreading B. To spread C. Spreads D. Spread

（ ）1. (2017·天津· 28)We only planned ________ the play for an hour，but in the end，we stayed for three hours.
A. watch B. watches C. to watch D. watched
（ ）2.The menu has so many good things! I can’t decide__________.[河北]
A. what to eat B. how to eat C. where to eat D. when to eat
（ ）3. (2017·江苏苏州· 4)—Jack，why have you decided ________ Chinese folk music as a course?
—To learn more about Chinese culture.
A. take B. taken C. taking D. to take
（ ）4. (2017·江苏宿迁·11)The girl students are discussing ________ the walls in the classroom.
A. what to paint color B. to paint what color C. which color to paint D. to paint which color
（ ）5. (2017·江苏扬州· 12)Mom does all the housework so that Sarah can take the time ___her words on paper.
A. put B. putting C. to put D. puts
（ ）6. (2017·湖北黄石·39)—Jack，remember ________ off the lights when ________ the home.
—OK，I won't forget，mom.
A. turning；leaving B. to turn；leave C. turning；left D. to turn；leaving21世纪教育网版权所有
（ ）7. (2017·江苏镇江·8)Xu Yuanchong，a 96-year-old man，devotes most of his lifetime to ____ works of literature.
A. translate B. translates C. translating D. translated
（ ）8. (2017·江苏徐州· 6)I saw Tom ________ his key in the lock，turn it and open the door.
A. put B. putting C. puts D. to put
（ ）9. (2017·上海·39)Vivian refuses ________ her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes.
A. to send B. sending C. sent D. sends
（ ）10. (2017·湖北黄冈·36)—Nowadays lots of products from China are very popular in the world.
—Yeah! Many people can hardly avoid ________ products made in China.2·1·c·n·j·y
A. to buy B. buying C. bought D. buy
（ ）11. (2017·广东·33)For more than once，our head teacher asks us ________ the habit of keeping a diary.
A. develop B. develops C. developing D. to developwww-2-1-cnjy-com
（ ）12. (2017·山东临沂·22)Doctors in the town are using the books ________ their studies and treat patients.
A. continue B. to continue C. continuing D. continues【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
（ ）13．---My dad bought me a new MP4, but I don’t know ________--Let’s read the instructions.[河南]
A. what to use B. which one to use C. how to use it D. when to use it
（ ）14．It took my daughter two weeks ________the novels _______by Yand Hongying.[潍坊]
A. read; written B. to read; written C. reading; to write D. to read; wrote
（ ）15.Drivers are warned ________when they are tired.[佛山]【出处：21教育名师】
A. to drive B. not drive C. not to drive
（ ）16.If you want to know _______the mobile phone, you’d better read the instructions first.[大连]
A. how to use B. how to make C. where to mend D. where to buy
（ ）17.China will spend about 52 billion yuan ____new airports and __old ones in the west of China in the 11th Five-Year Plan period(时期)．[07临沂市]
A．repairing; building B to build；repair C．building；repairing D．to repair；build
（ ）18． students should pay attention to ___________the teacher in class．[07泰州市]
A．hear B1istento C listening to D hearing of
【备考2018】英语3年中考2年模拟一轮专题复习学案第十讲 非谓语动词 解析卷
动词的非谓语形式包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式；其中分词又包含现在分词和过去分词两种形式。它们在句子中不能单独作谓语，非谓语动词为中考必考考点，考点有动名词、动词不定式的基本用法；动名词、动词不定式作宾语的固定搭配等。考题常在单项填空、完形填空、单词填空中设置1－3分的题。
一、动词不定式
思维导图记知识
1、形式：动词不定式基本形式由“不定式记号to+动词原形”构成。它的否定形式只要在“to” 前面加上“not”。它的疑问形式是：“wh-疑问词+to+动词原形”。*它的被动形式：“to be +过去分词”。*它的完成形式：“to have +过去分词”。21世纪教育网版权所有
2、 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,即可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。但不定式也保留动词的某些特征,即不定式后面可以跟宾语、表语和状语。动词不定式加上相关成分就构成不定式短语。
3、动词不定式可以放在谓语前句子作主语。但是通常将作主语的动词不定式或不定式短语放在谓语后面,而在主语位置用“it”作形式主语(有时在不定式的前面还会用for sb.表示不定式的逻辑主语)。
如：To help animals is helping people.(帮助动物就是帮助人)
It is very difficult (for us) to learn Chinese well.((对于我们而言)学好汉语是非常的困难)
It took me half an hour to work out this problem.(解出这道题花了我一个小时的时间)
4、 动词不定式可以作谓语动词(及物动词)的宾语。
1）谓语动词(vt.) +不定式(作宾语)的词有：
want(想) / try(试图) / decide(决定) / would like(想要) / hope(希望)/ love(喜爱) / learn(学会) / afford(提供)/ agree(同意) / fail(失败、未能) / mean(意味着) / prefer(宁愿) / wish(希望) + to (do) (无)/help(帮助)to可以省略/begin(开始)/ start(开始)/hate(憎恨) 也可跟动名词,意义变化不大21·cn·jy·com
forget(忘记) / remember(记得)/ like(总爱) 也可跟动名词,意义变化较大
如：I would like to have a rest at the moment.(我现在想休息一下)
They began to search the room for the thief.(他们开始在屋子里搜寻小偷)
He liked to have a swim in the pool near his house.(他喜爱在靠家的水塘里面游泳)
When did you learn to speak English?(你什么时候开始学英语的？)
Don’t forget to close the door when you leave.(你离开时别忘了关门
[比较] He forgot to turn off the light.(他忘了关灯.) (没关)
He forgot turning off the light.(他忘记关过灯.)(关了)
Please remember to ring me up.(记得给我打电话.)(还没打电话)
I remember calling you yesterday but you forgot.(我记得昨天给你打电话了,但是你忘记了.)(打过电话)
2）谓语动词+疑问词+不定式的词有：
tell (告诉) / show (显示) / know (知道) / ask (问) / find out (发现) / understand (明白) / wonder(疑惑) / learn(学会) / forget(忘记) / remember(记得) / teach sb.(教某人) / discuss(商讨) what /where/how + to (do)不定式疑问形式还可以作句子的主语、表语等。
如：He does not know which one to take.(他不知道该选哪个)
Tell me how to get to the station.(告诉我怎么样去火车站)
She asked me what to do for today’s homework.(她问我今天家庭作业做什么)【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Can you teach me how to search the internet?(你能教我怎样上网吗？)
3)不定式作宾语而后面又有宾语补足语时,通常用it代替作形式宾语,而不定式则后置。
如： I found it not very easy to learn to ride a bike.(我发现学骑车不很容易)
4)动词不定式可以在句子中用作定语,放在名词或代词后面。
a key to lock the door 锁门的钥匙a box to hold these things 装这些东西的箱子
give her a book to read 给她一本书读Is there any (+名词/代词) to (do)? 有…要(做的)吗?
It’s time to go. 是走的时间了。/ 该走了。Do you have any work to do? 你有工作要做吗?
I’d like something to eat. 我要点儿吃的。I have nothing to say. 我没有话要说。
Would you like something to drink? 你要点儿喝的吗？
5) 动词不定式可以在句子中用作状语,有下列几种情况：
[A] 放在不及物动词(come, go, stop, finish, wait等词)的后面。如：He came to see her yesterday.(他昨天来看望她)(表示来的目的)/ I stopped to have a rest.(我停下来休息一会儿)(表示停下来的目的)
[B] 放在完整的谓语之后(即“谓语+宾语”、“谓语+宾语+补语”、“动词+表语”之后)。如：We cleaned the room to let him play in it.(我们打扫了房间以便让他在里面玩)/ I opened the window to see more clearly.(我打开窗子以便看得更清楚点儿)
[C] 有时表示目的的不定式短语可以放在句首。如：To arrive there on time,I got up one hour earlier than usual.(为了按时到达,我们比平时早起了一个小时)(表示早起的目的)
[注意] stop to do 与stop doing的不同。如：They stopped to have a look.(他们停下来看看)(不定式作“停下来”的目的状语)/ They stopped looking out of the window and began to listen to the teahcher.(他们停止向窗外望,开始听老师讲课)(动名词作宾语,表示“停止”的内容)
6)动词不定式可以在句子中用作表语,限用于连系动词之后。如：My job is to keep the goal.(我的工作就是守住球门)
7)动词不定式可以在句子中用作复合宾语中的宾语补足语。
谓 语 动 词(vt.)
+ 宾语 (人 / 物)
+不定式 (作宾语补足语)
ask(请) / tell(关照) / teach(教) / want(想要) / would like(想要) / get(让) / help(帮) / invite(邀请) / like(喜欢) / warn(警告) /
+sb. / sth.
+to (do)
make(使得) / let(让) / hear(听) / see(看) / feel(感觉) / watch(观看)/ have(使得) / help(帮助)
+sb. / sth.
+ (do)
如：Mum asked me to help her with the cooking.(妈妈叫我帮助她做饭)/ I would like you to see my parents.(我想要你见见我的父母)/ The boss often made the workers work 14 hours a day.(老板常让工人们一天工作14小时)/ Now let me hear you play the violin.(现在让我来听你拉小提琴) 2-1-c-n-j-y
[注意] help之后做宾补的不定式符号to可以省略；hear / see / feel / watch之后的宾补用不定式与现在分词时,含义不同,需特别注意,(参见现在分词部分)。试比较：
I heard her crying when I walked past.(我路过时听到她正在哭)(指当时瞬间的情况)
I sat near her and heard her sing the new song.(我坐在她附近听她唱新歌)(指整个过程)
二、动名词
1、动名词由动词原形加词尾“ing”构成。动名词有动词的特征,可以跟宾语,可以被状语修饰；它也有名词的特征,在句子中可以作主语、宾语(包括介词宾语)等。动名词加相关词语(宾语或状语等)构成动名词短语。
2、动名词可以作主语。一般可用it作形式主语而将动名词短语后移。如：Learning English all by yourself is not so easy.(自学好英语不那么容易)(=It is not so easy learning English all by yourself.)21cnjy.com
3、动名词可以作宾语。
[A] want / need之后用动名词时,含有被动意思。如：Your car needs reparing badly.(你的车急需修理。)(被修)My hair needs cutting.(我要理发。)(头发被理)
[B] remember / forge / stop / finish之后用动名词时,与用不定式含义不同。如：I forgot to write a letter to him.(我忘了给他写封信)(根本没写) / I forgot writing a letter to him.(我忘了给他写过信)(写了却忘了) / They stopped to look back.(他们停下来向后看)(停下的目的是向后看) / They stopped looking back.(他们停止向后看)(不向后看了)
[C] enjoy / mind / keep / hate/ go等词一般用动名词作宾语。如：Do you mind my closing the door?(把门关上你介意吗？)/ She hates travelling by air.(她讨厌坐飞机旅行)/ They went swimming every afternoon.(他们每天下午去游泳)/ I enjoy walking around the town.(我喜欢在镇上转悠)
[D] like / love / start / begin / learn后面用动名词时,与用不定式意思相近或相同。如：We began to study English when we were at primary school.(我们在小学时就开始学英语了) / We began studying English when we were at primary school. (我们在小学时就开始学英语了)
4、动名词可以作表语,此时特别注意不要与现在进行时混淆。如：My job is putting these parts together.(我的事情是把这些部件拼起来) / I am putting these parts together.(我正在把这些部件拼起来)
5、 动名词与现在分词构成相同,但是含义不同,动名词主要表示事情,而现在分词则主要表示进行着的动作。如：Eating too much is not good for your health. (动名词短语,作主语) / Seeing is believing.(动名词短语,分别作主语和表语) / He ran after a moving bus and got onto it.(现在分词,作定语) / His father saw him sitting on some eggs.(现在分词,作宾补)
三、分词： 包含现在分词和过去分词
1、主要区别：现在分词一般有主动的意思或表示动作正在进行的意思；过去分词有被动或动 作已经完成的意思。分词可以有自己的宾语或状语。
2、分词或分词短语在句子中作定语、状语和复合宾语等。
[A] 作定语：分词作定语时,一般要放在修饰的名词之前,分词短语作定语时,则要放在所修饰的名词之后。 如：I have got a running nose.(我流鼻涕) / The woman running after the thief shouted very loudly,“Stop the thief!”(跟着小偷追的妇女大喊：捉小偷！) / Yesterday I met a man called Mr. Black.(昨天我遇见了一个名叫布莱克先生的人)/ He only gave me a broken glass,so I was very angry with him.(他只给了我一个坏玻璃杯,所以我很生他的气)
[B] 现在分词可以作下列动词的宾语补足语。(参考不定式作宾语补足语)
谓语动词(vt.)
宾语
宾语补足语
keep(保持) / see(看到) / hear(听到) / watch(注意到) / feel(感觉到)
sb./sth.
(do)ing
如：Mum kept me working all the week.(妈妈让我一个星期都在工作)/ When I entered the room,I saw Jack eating a big pear.(我进入房间时看到杰克正在吃一只大梨子)/ In the dark I felt something very cold moving on my foot.(黑暗之中我感到有个冷的东西在我的脚上移动)【版权所有：21教育】
[C] 现在分词可以作状语,表示伴随情况。如：She came into the classroom,holding a pile of papers in her hand.(他走进教室,手上抓着一沓纸)/ I am very busy these days getting ready for the coming oral test.(这些日子我正忙着准备即将来到的口语考试)
[D] 过去分词可以作表语,放在连系动词后面,但要注意不要与被动语态混淆,“主系表”主要表示状态,而被动语态则表示动作。常用过去分词作表语的结构有：be worried (焦虑) / be pleased (高兴) / be tired (疲劳) / get dressed (打扮好) / get lost (迷路) / get caught (遭遇) / beome frustrated (沮丧) / become intereted in (对…感兴趣)等等。例略。
[E] 过去分词可以作宾语补足语。如：I had my hair cut this morning.(今天早上我让人给我理了发)(注意：have sth. done表示动作由别人来做,而have done sth.则为现在完成时的结构,两个结构不可以混淆)
考点一：考查非谓语动词用作主语：不定式或动名词用作主语，而分词不能担任句子中的主语。
典例1：[2017天津]It's very nice pictures for me.
A. of you to draw B. for you to draw C. for you drawing D. of you drawing
【解析】考查It's+形容词+of/for sb. +to do sth.句中it为形式主语，to do是真正的主语，当形容词是表示品质意思时，应该用of sb．，其他形容词用for sb．
【答案】A
举一反三
1. (2017·甘肃兰州·39)________is the best way to keep a good relationship with your parents，teachers and other people around you.
A. Active communicating B. Actively communicating C. Actively communication D. Active communicate
【解析】考查非谓语动词用作主语：动名词用作主语.
【答案】B
2. (2017·云南昆明·25)Nowadays，it's convenient and cheap for us ________ a shared-bicycle.
A. ride B. to ride C. flying D. to fly
【解析】考查It's+形容词+of/for sb. +to do sth.句中it为形式主语，to do是真正的主语.
【答案】B
考点二：考查非谓语动词用作宾语
典例2：[2017淄博市]一It's a bit cold Would you mind my ______all the windows?一Do as you like，please．
A．close B will close C．closing D．to close
【解析】动词mind意为“介意”，后跟动词时，应使用ing形式。
【答案】C
举一反三
1.[2017黔岭东南州].Mary and I enjoy ____________ badminton
A．to play B playing C．Played
【解析】动词enjoy意为“喜欢”，后跟动词时，应使用ing形式。
【答案】B
2.[2017黔岭东南州]--So hot in the classroom．Would you mind ___the windows?——0K．I'll do it right now．
A． not closing B not opening C closing D．opening
【解析】Would you mind+doing sth 根据句意，应选D。
【答案】D
3.---Mr. Wang，I have trouble _______the text．一Remember ____it three times at least．[威海市]
A．to understand；reading B understanding；reading
C understanding；to read D．to understand；to read at night．
【解析】have trouble+doing sth 根据句意，应选C。
【答案】C
4.[2017武汉]--How are you feeling here?
--It's quite hot. I don't know to go or stay.
A. how B. when C. whether D. where
【解析】特殊疑问词后跟动词不定式，根据句意应选D.
【答案】D
5. [2017贵阳]Many people think it's very important us learn English well.
A. for, to B. to, to C. with, forwww.21-cn-jy.com
【解析】考查It's+形容词+of/for sb. +to do sth.
【答案】A
考点三：考查非谓语动词用作宾语补足语原则上，所有的非谓语动词形式均可用作宾语补足语，其区别是：不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成和被动。
典例3：[2017北京市]Alice asked me another bag for her.
A. get B. got C. to get D. getting
【解析】 ask sb．to do sth．表示让某人做某事，此句话的意思为:“爱丽丝叫我给她再带一个包。”
【答案】C
举一反三
1. [2017长沙]Our parents often tell us not alone in the river in summer.
A. swim B. to swim C. swimming
【解析】tell sb．to do sth．告诉某人做某事，故选择B.
【答案】B
2..[2017绍兴]---What did your sister say to you last night?
---She asked me _________my father her secret
to tell not B. not to tell C. don’t tell D. not tell
【解析】 ask sb．to do sth．表示让某人做某事,根据句意故选B.
【答案】B
3.[2017咸宁]Betty is often seen _______the old man with his housework.
A. help B. to help C. helped D. helps
【解析】see sb do sth,被动结构要加to,故选B.
【答案】B
4. [2017哈尔滨]Time goes by so fast. We must never miss the chance to show love for our parents and make them __________ how much they mean to us.
A. to know B. knowing C. know
【解析】make sb do sth,,故选C
【答案】C
5.[2017包头].--How do you feel when you see the national flag of China?
---It makes us ________proud.
feel B. to feel C. felt D. feeling
【解析】make sb do sth,,故选A
【答案】A
考点四：考查非谓语动词用作定语
典例4：（2016江西省南昌） —Shopping with me?
—Sorry. I have a lot of clothes .
A．to wash B．washed C．wash D．to be washed
【解析】作定语用的不定式的逻辑主语是句中主语或宾语时，就用主动式的不定式来表被动意义。故选A。
【答案】A
举一反三1.He wants some water .
A. to drink B. drink C.drinking
【解析】考查非谓语动词用作动词宾语，他想要些水喝。故选A.
【答案】A
He has no friends to .
talking to B. talked to C.talk with
【解析】考查非谓语动词用作介词宾语，他没有可以与之交谈的朋友。
【答案】C
考点五：、考查非谓语动词用作状语
典例5： [2016重庆]-Linda, I am very thirsty.
--Let's go to the nearest supermarket some drinks, OK?21·世纪*教育网
A. buy B. bought C. to buy D. buying
【解析】考查不定式作目的状语的用法。句意为：“咱们去最近的超级市场买些饮料。”
【答案】C
举一反三
1.In order ________the word a friendly place, one must show a friendly face.[乐山]www-2-1-cnjy-com
A. makes B. making C. to make D. make
【解析】 in order to do sth ,应选C
【答案】C
2.一There goes the bell．
一It's time for class. Let's stop_________.[福州市]
A． talk B to talk C．talking D．not talk
【解析】动词stop后既可接动词不定式作宾语，即：stop to do sth，也可以接动词的一ing形式作定语，即：stop doing sth。前者表示停下来(开始)做后面的动作，后者表示停止当前的动作。由语境“铃响了，到了上课时间，应停止交谈”可知，应选C项。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
【答案】C
3. (2017·山东青岛· 13)As a volunteer，the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital ________ them up.
A. to cheer B. cheer C. cheering D. cheered
【解析】句意：作为一名志愿者，(这个)女孩儿想去看望医院里生病的孩子让他们开心。此处为不定式作目的状语，to cheer them up(让他们开心)。故选A。
【答案】A
4. (2017·河南·34)Whenever we kids come over，Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us ________ sure we don't break anything.
A. make B. made C. to make D. making
【解析】由句意可知，Auntie Susan站在那儿，看着我们的目的就是确保我们不破坏任何东西。故此处要用动词不定式表示目的。
【答案】C

一、单项选择
1. (2017·甘肃天水· 48)We'll do what we can ________ the sick man.
A. to help B. help C. helps D. helped
【解析】句意：我们将会尽我们所能帮助这名受伤的男子。此处为动词不定式作目的状语，to help意为“帮助”。故选A。
【答案】A
2. (2017·四川成都· 34)Our English teacher wants us ________ English stories out of class.
A. read B. reading C. to read
【解析】句意：我们英语老师想要(让)我们课下读英语故事。固定用法：want sb. to do sth.意为“想要让某人做某事”，其中的动词不定式作宾语补足语。【出处：21教育名师】
【答案】C
3. (2017·四川南充· 27)—Mario，your mobile phone is ringing.
—Wait a minute. It's dangerous for us ________ it while crossing the street.
A. answering B. to answer C. answer D. answered
【解析】句意：——马里奥，你的手机响了。——稍等，过马路时接电话对我们来说是很危险的。It is＋形容词＋for sb to do sth 意为“做某事对某人怎么样”。
【答案】B
4. (2017·甘肃白银·28)I look forward ________ you soon.
A. see B. seeing C. to see D. to seeing
【解析】句意：我希望尽快见到你。look forward to 期待；盼望。其中的to是介词，后面接名词或动词的ing形式。
【答案】D
5. (2017·湖南湘潭·30)Sometimes you have to stop ________ too much and just go where your heart takes you.
A. think B. to think C. thinking
【解析】句意：有时候你必须不要想太多，一切随心就好。句式stop doing sth.意为“停下正在做的事”，其中stop是及物动词，后面的动词作宾语；stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做某事”，其中stop是不及物动词，不定式作目的状语。
【答案】B
6. (2017·湖南岳阳· 27)Though he often made his little sister ________，today he was made_________by her.
A. cry；to cry B. cried；crying C. to cry；cry
【解析】句意：虽然他经常弄哭他的小妹妹，但今天他被他妹妹弄哭了。主动语态make sb. do sth.句型中，用省掉to 的动词不定式作宾补，但在被动语态中不省略动词不定式符号to，动词不定式作主语补足语。
【答案】A
7. (2017·山东临沂·23)When President Xi Jinping has spare time，he enjoys ________ and sports.
A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
【解析】句意：当习近平主席有空闲时间的时候，他喜欢读书和运动。enjoy doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”，固定用法。
【答案】D
8. (2017·山东临沂· 26)Cindy's grandmother is learning ________ the new mobile phone.
A. use B. uses C. used D. to use
【解析】句意：辛迪的奶奶正学着使用新手机。learn to do sth.意为“学习做某事”。
【答案】D
9. (2017·四川眉山· 28)Sam used to ________ games for fun，but now he wants to do________.
A. play；something else B. playing；something else C. play；else something D. playing；else something
【解析】句意：Sam过去常常玩游戏，而现在他想做点其他事情。由used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，故用play；而形容词else修饰不定代词something，必须放在不定代词之后。
【答案】A
10. (2017·四川眉山· 33)—I'm sorry，Miss Green. I left my math book at home.
—It doesn't matter. Please remember ________ it here tomorrow.
A. taking B. to take C. bringing D. to bring
【解析】句意：——对不起，格林小姐，我把数学书忘在家里了。——没关系的。记得明天把它带来。remember to do sth记得要做某事(事还没做)；remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(事情已经做了)。这里是记得要将作业带来，事情还没有做.
【答案】D
11. (2017· 重庆A卷·25)—Do you have any places for the coming vacation?
—Sure. We decide ________ Sansha in July.
A. visit B. visiting C. visited D. to visit
【解析】句意：——即将到来的假期，你有想去的地方吗？——当然。我们决定在七月份去参观三沙。决定做某事decide to do sth.，故选D。
【答案】D
12. (2017· 四川遂宁·27)Our teacher often tells us ________ time.
A. not waste B. don't waster C. not to waste D. doesn't waste
【解析】句意：我们的老师经常告诉我们不要浪费时间。动词tell表示告诉某人不做某事的句式为tell sb not to do sth，故选C。
【答案】C
13. (2017·贵州六盘水·36)Jane is my new pen pal，I often look forward to ________ her e-mail.
A. receive B. receives C. receiving D. received
【解析】句意：珍是我的新笔友，我常常期待着收到她的电子邮件。look forward to doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“期待做某事”。故选C。
【答案】C
14. (2017·海南·38)After two hours' drive，the driver decided ________ and have a rest.
A. stop B. to stop C. stopping
【解析】句意：两个小时的车程后，司机决定停下休息。decide to do sth.决定做某事。故选B。
【答案】B
15. (2017·重庆B卷·27)Dave is a good boy and he always finishes ________ his homework on time.
A. do B. did C. does D. doing
【解析】finish doing sth.完成做某事，故选D。
【答案】D
16. (2017·黑龙江哈尔滨·7)My favorite TV program is Readers. I think we should spend as much time as we can　________ in our spare time.
A. read B. to read C. reading
【解析】句意：我最喜欢的节目是《朗读者》。我想我们应多花些业余时间来看书。spend time (in)doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”。故选B。
【答案】B
17. (2017·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·3)It is raining outside. Why not________ an umbrella?
A. to take B. take C. taking
【解析】句意：外面正在下雨。为什么不拿把雨伞呢？Why not后接动词原形。故选B。
【答案】B
18. (2017·湖北鄂州·27)—Jack hasn't taken his piano lessons for a long time.
—He is considering ________ his piano course and spending more time on his study.
A. to drop B. to throw C. dropping D. throwing
【解析】句意：——杰克很久没有上钢琴课了。——他正考虑________钢琴课，花更多时间在学习上。根据上文“杰克很久没有上钢琴课了”及下文“花更多时间在学习上”可知，他正考虑放弃上钢琴课。放弃应该用drop相当于give up。consider如果直接跟动词作宾语，后面的动词一定要用动名词形式。故选C。
【答案】C
19. (2017·湖北孝感·31)To keep children away from danger，we warn parents ________ children at home alone.
A. leave B. to leave C. not leave D. not to leave
【解析】句意：为了使孩子们远离危险，我们告诫父母不要把孩子独自留在家里。warn sb. 后跟to do或not to do，排除选项A和C；结合句意可知是“不要做某事”，故选D。
【答案】D
20. (2017·湖北宜昌·36)—You'd better advise him ________anything out of the window while driving.
—I will. He has to know it's dangerous.
A. not throwing B. no throwing C. not to throw D. don't throw
【解析】advise sb. not to do意为“建议某人不要做……”。
【答案】C
(2017·山东菏泽·29)—Have you decided when ________？—Yes，tomorrow morning.
A. will you leave B. are you leaving C. to leave2·1·c·n·j·y
【解析】宾语从句是陈述语序，A和B结构均为疑问语序，需排除。疑问词＋不定式，相当于一个宾语从句，故选C。
【答案】C
22. (2017·四川内江·30)In some African countries，children are made ________ heavy work because their parents have died.
A. doing B. done C. do D. to do
【解析】make sb do sth，使(让)某人做某事，变成被动形式是：be made to do sth.被迫做某事。故选D。
【答案】D
23. (2017·新疆阜康·30)Dick _____ in America，but he has been_____ Chinese food since he moved to China.
A. used to live；used to eating B. is used to live；used to eat
C. is used to live；used to eating D. used to living；used to eat
【解析】used to意为“过去常常”。其后跟动词原形；be used to意为“习惯于”，其后跟动名词形式。句意“迪克过去居住在美国，但是自从他搬到中国，他已经习惯了吃中餐”。
【答案】A
24. (2017·上海·40)The workers are busy ________ windows to the new building these days.
A. fix B. fixed C. fixing D. to fix
【解析】句意：这些天工人们正忙着________新楼上面的窗户。be busy doing sth.意为“忙于做某事”，是固定搭配。故选C。
【答案】C
25. (2017·重庆渝北·9)Could you please ________TV now? I'm studying for my test.21*cnjy*com
A. not watch B. not to watch C. don't watch D. can't watch
【解析】句意：请你不要看电视好吗？我正在为我的测试学习。“Could you please not do sth.? ”表示“请不要做……，好吗？”，是固定句式。故选A。
【答案】A
26. (2017·内蒙古包头·30)—Why did you buy so many flowers?
—________ my wife. I did something wrong yesterday. She is still angry with me
A. Please B. To please C. Pleasing D. Be pleased
【解析】句意：——你为什么买了这么多花？——为了让我妻子高兴。我昨天做了错事，她还生我的气呢。故答案选B，动词不定式表目的。
【答案】B
27. (2017·吉林长春· 21)________ Chinese culture，many college students go to foreign countries every year.
A. Spreading B. To spread C. Spreads D. Spread
【解析】句意：为了传播中国文化，许多大学生每年都去外国。由句意及语境判断，此处考查动词不定式作目的状语的用法，故选B。
【答案】B

1. (2017·天津· 28)We only planned ________ the play for an hour，but in the end，we stayed for three hours.
A. watch B. watches C. to watch D. watched
【解析】句意：我们仅计划观看半个小时的戏剧，但最后，我们在那儿待了三个小时。表示“计划干某事”应用plan to do sth。故选C。
【答案】C
2.The menu has so many good things! I can’t decide__________.[河北]
A. what to eat B. how to eat C. where to eat D. when to eat
【解析】[答案]：A 。[解析] 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“我不能决定吃什么。”故选A。
【答案】A
3. (2017·江苏苏州· 4)—Jack，why have you decided ________ Chinese folk music as a course?
—To learn more about Chinese culture.
A. take B. taken C. taking D. to take
【解析】句意：——杰克，你为什么决定选中国的民间音乐作为课程？——为了学习更多的中国文化。故选D。
【答案】D
4. (2017·江苏宿迁·11)The girl students are discussing ________ the walls in the classroom.
A. what to paint color B. to paint what color C. which color to paint D. to paint which color
【解析】句意：女同学们正在讨论在教室的墙上应该涂哪一种颜色。“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”这一结构作宾语，“哪一种颜色”用疑问词which，what color表示“什么颜色”。故选C。
【答案】C
5. (2017·江苏扬州· 12)Mom does all the housework so that Sarah can take the time ______ her words on paper.
A. put B. putting C. to put D. puts
【解析】句意：妈妈做所有的家务，这样莎拉可以抽出时间去写作文。take the time to do sth.“花时间做某事”为固定搭配。故选C。
【答案】C
6. (2017·湖北黄石·39)—Jack，remember ________ off the lights when ________ the home.
—OK，I won't forget，mom.
A. turning；leaving B. to turn；leave C. turning；left D. to turn；leaving
【解析】句意：——Jack，离开家时别忘了关灯。——好的，我不会忘记的，妈妈。remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”，符合语境，故排除A、C；主语you和动词leave是主动关系，表示正在发生，故用现在分词。故选D。
【答案】D
7. (2017·江苏镇江·8)Xu Yuanchong，a 96-year-old man，devotes most of his lifetime to ____ works of literature.
A. translate B. translates C. translating D. translated
【解析】句意：许渊冲，一位96岁的老人，将其一生献给了文学著作的翻译事业。devote...to doing sth. 意为“把时间(钱、精力等)献给……”，to是介词，后跟动名词形式。
【答案】C
8. (2017·江苏徐州· 6)I saw Tom ________ his key in the lock，turn it and open the door.
A. put B. putting C. puts D. to put
【解析】句意：我看见汤姆把钥匙插进锁里，转动钥匙并打开了门。“经常看见某人做某事”或“看见某人做了某事”用“see sb. do sth.”故选A。21教育网
【答案】A
9. (2017·上海·39)Vivian refuses ________ her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes.
A. to send B. sending C. sent D. sends
【解析】句意：Vivian 拒绝________她的孩子去周末训练中心参加额外的课程培训。refuse to do sth.意为“拒绝做某事”，是固定搭配。故选A。21*cnjy*com
【答案】A
10. (2017·湖北黄冈·36)—Nowadays lots of products from China are very popular in the world.
—Yeah! Many people can hardly avoid ________ products made in China.21教育名师原创作品
A. to buy B. buying C. bought D. buy
【解析】句意：——如今，来自中国的很多产品在世界上很受欢迎。——是的！很多人几乎不能避免买中国制造的产品。avoid构成短语avoid doing。故选B。
【答案】B
11. (2017·广东·33)For more than once，our head teacher asks us ________ the habit of keeping a diary.
A. develop B. develops C. developing D. to develop
【解析】ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，故选D。
【答案】D
12. (2017·山东临沂·22)Doctors in the town are using the books ________ their studies and treat patients.
A. continue B. to continue C. continuing D. continues
【解析】句意：镇上的医生正在用这些书继续他们的研究和对病人的治疗。 use sth. to do sth.表示“使用某物做某事”。故选B。
【答案】B
13．---My dad bought me a new MP4, but I don’t know ________--Let’s read the instructions.[河南]
A. what to use B. which one to use C. how to use it D. when to use it
【解析】考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“我不知道如何使用。”故选C。
【答案】C
14．It took my daughter two weeks ________the novels _______by Yand Hongying.[潍坊]
A. read; written B. to read; written C. reading; to write D. to read; wrote
【解析】It takes +sb．+some time +to do sth．表示花费多长时间做某事，novel与write的关系是动宾关系，应用过去分词，表示被动。故答案为B。
【答案】B
15.Drivers are warned ________when they are tired.[佛山]
A. to drive B. not drive C. not to drive
【解析】考查动词不定式的否定结构。否定形式是在to前面加not。故选C。
【答案】C
16.If you want to know _______the mobile phone, you’d better read the instructions first.[大连]
A. how to use B. how to make C. where to mend D. where to buy
【解析】考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“如果你想要知道如何使用手机的话，你最好先看一看说明书。”故选A。
【答案】A
17.China will spend about 52 billion yuan ____new airports and __old ones in the west of China in the 11th Five-Year Plan period(时期)．[07临沂市]
A．repairing; building B to build；repair C．building；repairing D．to repair；build
【解析】本题主要是考查动词spend的用法。spend．．．doing something意为“花费……做某事”，由此可排除B、D两项。再从句意上看，应是“修建”新机场，“维修”旧机场。
【答案】C
18． students should pay attention to ___________the teacher in class．[07泰州市]
A．hear B1istento C listening to D hearing of
【解析】本题考查了介词后跟动词的情况。 pay attention to意为“注意”，其中to是介词，所以后面的动词应使用动名词形式。hear of意为“听说”，与句意不符。
【答案】C