【备考2018】英语3年中考2年模拟一轮专题复习学案第十一讲 动词时态 解析卷
思维导图记知识
时态是中考英语的一个非常要的语法内容，在初中阶段我们共学习了八种时态。一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时。每一种时态都有可能成为中考英语的考点。因此在平时的复习中我们必须掌握每一种时态的定义、结构、标志词以及时态的特殊用法。考题常在单项选择、完形填空、单词填空中设置5-8分的题。书面表达中对时态的考查更为普遍。下面就每一种时态进行小结：21世纪教育网版权所有
一、一般现在时的用法
1. 表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作。如：
I do the shopping every morning. 我每天早上去买东西。
We always have breakfast at 7.30. 我们总是在七点半吃早饭。
2. 表示现在的情况或状态。如：
Most of the students are ill. 大多数学生都生病了。
He likes living in the country. 他喜欢住在乡下。
We need a lot of money. 我们需要一大笔钱。
3. 表示格言或客观真理。如：
Summer follows spring. 春去夏来。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
The earth turns around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
4.表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等瞬间动词。 www.21-cn-jy.com
例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
He comes back tonight. 他今晚回来
5.在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时 来表示将来要发生的动作。
例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。
If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。
从以上说明可以看出，一般现在时的用法比较好理解，但问题是，在考题中命题者会设置一定的情景，将一般现在时的用法隐含其中，所以同学们在具体做题时，要学会灵活运用。21·世纪*教育网
二、一般过去时的用法
1. 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。如：
He bought the computer five years ago. 这电脑是他五年前买的。
It was then a small fishing village．那时它只是一个小渔村。
2. 表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作。如：
We often played together when we were children．我们小时候常在一起玩。2·1·c·n·j·y
表示过去习惯性的动作，也可用used to或would。如：
He used to go to work by bus. 他过去常乘公共汽车去上班。
综观近年来的中考英语考题，命题者在设置一般过去时考点时，也通常会给出一个特定的语境，然后要求考生结合所给情景进行分析作答。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。
三、一般将来时的用法
一般将来时的基本用法是表示将来要发生的情况或存在的状态。一般将来时由“will / shall + 动词原形”构成。如：
We shall have a lot of rain next month. 下个月将下很多雨。
I think she will pass the exam. 我想他考试会及格的。
注意，除可用“will /shall+动词原形”表示将来时态外，“be going to+动词原形”也可用于表示将来的打算和预测。如：
We are not going to stay there long. 我们不准备在那里久待。(表打算)21*cnjy*com
I’m afraid they’re going to lose the game. 恐怕他们会赛输。(表预测)
注意：根据英语习惯，在时间状语或条件状语从句，通常不能直接使用一般将来时，遇此情况可以用一般现在时来表示将来意义。
四、现在进行时的用法
现在进行时主要表示说话人的说话时刻正在进行的动作、不断重复的动作或目前这个阶段正在进行的动作。如：
We’re having a meeting. 我们在开会。(说话时正在进行的动作)
Be quiet! The baby is sleeping. 安静，孩子在睡觉。(说话时正在进行的动作)
He is teaching in a middle school. 他在一所中学教书。(目前阶段在进行的动作)
另外，现在进行时的以下两种用法也值得注意：
1. 用现在进行时表将来：该用法主要表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。如：
I’m leaving tomorrow. 我明天走。
They’re getting married next month. 他们下个月结婚。
2. 用现在进行时表示感色彩：该用法通常是与always连用，表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感彩。比较：
She’s always helping people. 她老是帮助别人。(表赞扬)
She always helps others. 他总是帮助别人。(陈述一个事实)
The boy is constantly lying. 这孩子老是撒谎。(表示厌恶)
The boy often lies. 这孩子常撒谎。(指出缺点)
五、过去进行时
1、表示在过去某时刻正在进行或发生的动作，通常与表过去的时间状语连用。
例如：At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp.昨天这个时候，我正在收拾东西去露营。
2、表移动的动词，如come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等词的过去进行时，可以表示过去将要发生的动作。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
例如：She told me that she was going to Hainan for her holiday. 她告诉我她将去海南度假。
3、在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之后，另一个动作正在进行。
例如：It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时，正下着雨。【出处：21教育名师】
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。
4、在叙述或描写过去的事情时，过去进行时经常与其它过去时态，特别时是一般过去时连用。但是过去进行时往往是表示背景。21教育名师原创作品
例如：One night, he was typing in his study . Suddenly , a man broke into his house and cut off the electricity … .一天晚上，他正在书房里打字。突然，一个人闯进屋来，切断了电源……
① 过去进行时由“was(第一、三人称单数)或were(第二人称单数和各人称的复数)+现在分词”构成。
② 过去进行时的时间状语有：then, at that time, this time yesterday, at (eight) yesterday (morning),(a year) ago, 以及由when引出的时间状语从句。如：He was cooking supper this time yesterday.(昨天这个时候他正在做晚饭)/ The little girl was playing with her toy when I saw her.(我看到小女孩的时候她正在玩玩具)
③ 用于宾语从句或时间状语从句中,表示与主句动作同时进行而且是延续时间较长。句子中通常不用时间状语。如：She was it happen when she was walking past.(她路过时看到事情的发生)/ They sang a lot of songs while they were walking in the dark forest.(他们在黑暗的森林里走时唱了很多歌)
④ 也可以表示过去一个阶段频繁发生或反复进行的动作,常与always等频度副词连用,以表示赞扬、不满或讨厌等感彩。如：He was always borrowing money from me when he lived here.(他住在这里时老向我借钱)
六、现在完成时
现在完成时表示一个发生在过去的、对现在仍有影响的动作,或表示开始在过去,并且一直延续到现在,甚至还可能延续下去的动作。
1、表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, ever, never, just，before 等词连用。
例如：Have you ever cooked at home? 你吃晚饭了吗？
You have already grown much taller.你已经长高了许多。
2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能还要延续。往往和表示一段时间 的时间状语连用，常用的有：for＋一段时间；since+过去时间点或从句。（Since 用来说 明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度），提问用How long.
例如：It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了。
They have learned English for eight years .他们已学了八年的英语了。
3、 现在完成时需注意的问题：
①表示短暂性的动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用appear,begin,borrow,lend,buy,close,
come,die,fall,find,finish,join,kill,leave,sell,stop等。
例如：He has joined the army for five years. （错误）
He has been in the army for five years.(正确)
②非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以 持续的。
例如：I have received his letter for a month.（错）
I haven't received his letter for almost a month. （对） 21*cnjy*com
③不能和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday,last week,in 1998,two days ago等。
4、have/has been to 和have/has gone to 的区别：
have/has gone to：是说去某地方了，即在那个地方或者是在去那个地方的途中
Have/has been to：去过什么地方，即现在已经不在那个地方了
例如：Mr.Li has gone to Lanzhou 去了兰州（现在在兰州或者在去兰州的路上）
I have never been to Beijing去过北京（现在已经不在北京了）
5、在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作)不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。具体变化见下表：
瞬间性动词的完成时 → 延续性动词或状态动词的完成时
have (already) gone to… have been in / at … for (two years)
has come to… has been here since (1990)
(had) left… (had) been away from…
arrived… been in…
died been dead
begun been on
ended been over
bought... had…
borrowed… kept…
joined… been in …
过去完成时
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作。简言之, 过去完成时所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。
1、表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已完成的行为或存在的状态。即发生的时间是过去的过 去。常与“by/before+过去时间”构成的短语连用。
例如：The train had already left before we arrived. 在我到达之前，火车已经开走了。
He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语。
2、表示在过去某一时间点之前已经持续了一段时间的动作或状态，常与for/since引导的表 示过去的时间状语连用。
例如：I had lived in America for two years before I came here .我来这之前在美国住过两年。
3、表示过去未曾实现的计划、愿望等。这种用法中常用的动词为hope, want,plan,wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等。
如：We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有来。
I had thought that all knew about it.我以为他们都知道这件事呢。
①过去完成时由“助动词had+动词的过去分词”构成。
②过去完成时时间状语有：by (yesterday), by then, by the end of (last…)或者由when,before等引出状语从句。有时句子中会有already, just, once, ever, never等词语,也会有for… 或since…构成的时间状语。如：They had already finished cleaning the classroom when their teacher came.(当老师来的时候他们已经打扫完了教室)/ The woman had left before he realized she was a cheat.(在他发觉那个妇女是个骗子时她已经走掉了)
③过去完成时常用于宾语从句中、after引导的从句中,或者从句是before引导的主句中。如：After I had put on my shoes and hat,I walked into the darkness.(我穿上鞋子戴上帽子走进了黑暗之中)/ He said that he had never seen a kangaroo before.(他说他以前从来没有见过袋鼠)
过去将来时
过去将来时表示在过去预计将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
1、表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句中。
例如：He said that he would finish his work before 9 o’clock.他说他会在九点之前完成工作。
2、表示过去的某种习惯，只要would。
例如：Whenever he has been in trouble,we would give him a hand.21教育网
每当他遇到困难时，我们总会伸出援助之手。
①过去将来时由“助动词should(第一人称)或would(第二、三人称)+动词原形”构成。在美国英语中,过去将来时的助动词一律用“would +动词原形”。
②过去将来时常由于宾语从句中,时间状语有：later, soon, the next (day).
③在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中不可以使用过去将来时,而应该使用一般过去时。如：He promised that he would pay me a lot if I helped him with the project.(他答应付给我许多钱如果我帮助他搞那个项目)/ Every time when he was free,he would sit down and read some books.(每次只要他有空他就会坐下来看看书)
④表示纯粹的将来时用would或should,表示打算或主观认为的事情用was/were going to (+动词原形)。如：She told me she would be 18 the next month.(她告诉我她下个月就18岁了)/ She told me that she was going to have a walk with her pet dog.(她告诉我她打算带她的宠物狗去散步)
⑤过去将来时还可以表示一个过去经常性的动作。如：When it rained in the day, he would bring an umbrella with him.(白天下雨时他会随身带一把雨伞)
考点一：一般现在时
典例1：—Can I help you?—I bought this watch here yesterday, but it ________ work. (江西中考题)
A. won’t B. didn’t C. doesn’t D. wouldn’t
【解析】虽然手表是前一天买的，但说话者现在拿来退，说明这块表“不工作”是现在的事，故用一般现在时。
【答案】C
举一反三
1.I used to love this film when I was young, but I ________ it that way any more. (江苏南京中考题)
A. don’t feel B. didn’t feel C. haven’t felt D. hadn’t felt21·cn·jy·com
2. --- Henry, you______ on the phone. ---oh, _______. Thank you.
A. are wanted, I come B. are wanted, I’m coming
C. are being wanted, I come D. are wanting, I ‘m coming
3. --- Tomorrow will be Father’s Day. What will you do for your father?
--- I will say “I love you, Daddy” as soon as he _____up.
will wake B. wake C. wakes D. woke
考点二：一般过去时
典例2：I ________ the wrong thing. Can I use your eraser? (河北中考题)
A. write B. wrote C. am writing D. will write
【解析】说话者要向对方借用橡皮擦，说明写错字的事已经发生了，故用一般过去时。
【答案】B
举一反三
1.They ________ her to the party, so she was very happy. (北京中考题)
A. invite B. invited C. will invite D. are inviting
2. —When _______ your mother _______ you that blue dress，Mary？
???? —Sorry，I realy can’t remember.
A.does；buy B.has；bought C.had；bought D.did；buy
3. --- How did the accident happen?
--- It _____difficult to see the road because it _______.
A.was, was raining B. is, has rained C. is, is raining D. will be, will rain
考点三：一般将来时
典例3：Attention, please. There ________ a football game between China and Korea this evening. (山东淄博中考题)
A. is going to be B. has been C. has D. will have
【解析】答案选A。根据句中的时间状语this evening（今天晚上）可知，句子应用一般将来时，故可排除B和C；又因为there be的将来时态可以是there will be或there is going to be，但不能是there will have或there is going to have，故可排除D。
【答案】A
举一反三
1.If you ________ carefully, you ________ the report well. (广州中考题)
A. will listen; will be understood B. will listen; understand
C. listen; will understand D. listen; understand
2. I don’t know when Jim _______. I’ll meet him at the airport when he _______.
A. will return; return B. returns; will return
C. returned; returned D. will return; returns.
考点四：现在进行时
典例4：—Alice, turn down the TV, please. I ________ on the phone.
—Oh, sorry. (安徽中考题)
A. have talked B. talked C. am talking D. talk
【解析】说话者叫Alice把电视机声音关小，说明他当时正在打电话，即用现在进行时。
【答案】C
举一反三
1.It ________ outside. You’d better take an umbrella with you. (江西中考题)
A. rains B. is raining C. rained D. has rained
2. --- Listen. Who ______in the next room?--- It maybe Mr Lee.
A.sings B. is singing C. sang D. does sing
考点五：现在完成时
典例5：--- Is Cindy at home?
--- No, she ________ the library. She _______there a moment ago.
A. has gone to, went B. has gone to, has been
C. has been to, went D. has been to, has gone
举一反三
1. --- What about seeing the film with me?--- Sorry. I ______twice.
A. am seeing B. will see C.see D. have seen
2.--- Would you like____ some coffee? --- No, thanks. I ______some.
A. have, already have B. had, just had C. having, have yet had D. to have, have already had
3. --- Have you _____your ticket yet? --- No, I’m still ______it.
A. found, finding B. looked for, looking for C. found, looking for D. looked for, finding
4.--- Where is Miss Gao, Lily?--- She ____to the teacher’s.
has been B. has gone C. went D. would go
考点六：过去进行
典例6：—What did the teacher say just now?
—Sorry. I didn’t catch it. I________something else.
A.think B.will think C.was thinking D.had thought
【解析】该题的正确答案为C。该题必须根据上下句来理解，第二句所要表达的意思是“刚才老师讲话的时候我在想别的事情。”即表达在过去某一时间发生的动作，所以要用过去进行时was thinking。
【答案】C
举一反三
1.—What ______ when the earthquake (地震) happened on May 12th ?
—Er, I was having a geography class in the classroom.
A. are you doing B. did you do C. were you doing
2.--- What _____your father doing at eight yesterday evening, Sandy?
--- Let me see…Oh, he was_____ a newspaper.
A.was, reading B. were, watching C. was, looking D. were, seeing
1. (2017·四川泸州· 6)—It's very dangerous to swim in the pool. Look at the sign.
—Oh，I ________ notice it. Thanks for telling me.
A. won't B. don't C. haven't D. didn't
2. (2017·河北· 33)Wow! You ________ dinner! Let's eat now.
A. cook B. are cooking C. will cook D. have cooked
3. (2017·广东·38)Sue wasn't happy because she _____ the concert given by her favorite singer.
A. misses B. missed C. will miss D. is missing
4. (2017·广东·40)Betty ________ hard since last term. That's why her exam results are so good!
A. has worked B. will work C. worked D. was working
5. (2017·甘肃天水· 29)In the past few years there ________ great changes in my hometown.
A. had been B. have been C. were D. are
6. (2017·四川成都·40)—Did you hear someone knock at the door just now?
—Sorry. I ________ to my friend on the phone.
A. was talking B. talked C. am talking
7. (2017·天津· 25)The earth is a planet and it ________ around the sun.www-2-1-cnjy-com
A. goes B. go C. will go D. went
8. (2017·安徽·34)I am surprised at the new look of my hometown，for it ________ a lot over the years.
A. changed B. changes C. will change D. has changed【版权所有：21教育】
9. (2017·甘肃兰州·36)When you________ me last night, I ________the piano.
A. were calling；was playing B. were calling；played C. called；played D.called；was playing
10. (2017·湖北随州·35)—Did you watch the football match on TV last night?
—I wanted to，but my father ________ his favorite TV program.
A. watched B. watches C. was watching D. had watched
11. (2017·湖南长沙· 21)—Hello，John. This is Mike. What are you doing now?
—I'm watching a football match. It started at 7：30 pm and ________ on for another one hour.
A. has been B. was C. will be
12. (2017·江西·31)I've just returned from my trip to London. I ___many interesting places there.
A. visit B. will visit C. am visiting D. visited
13. (2017·山东泰安· 28)With the development of science and technology，robot cooks ________ in our families in the future.
A. appear B. appeared C. will appear D. is appearing
14. (2017·山东潍坊· 22)A little effort every day，you________ a big difference.
A. makes B. made C. have made D. will make
15. (2017·湖北十堰·34)—I saw Mr. Smith in the office at ten yesterday morning.
—That's impossible. He________ an English party with us then.
A. has B. had C. was having D. has had
16. (2017·湖北襄阳·35)—Can you tell me when you are going to arrive there?
—I'm not sure. But I'll ring you up as soon as I ________ there tomorrow.
A. arrive B. arrived C. will arrive D. am going to arrive
17. (2017·四川眉山· 31)I don't know if Eric ________ this Sunday. If he ________ here，I'll call you at once.
A. will come；will come B. come；comes
18. (2017· 重庆A卷·23)In the past few years，many schools ________ the ways of doing morning exercises.
A. change B. changes C. will change D. have changed
19. (2017·北京· 26)—How do you usually go to school?—I ________ to school on foot.
A. go B. went C. was going D. will go
20. (2017·内蒙古呼和浩特·8)—Do you know her well?
—Sure. We ________ friends since ten years ago.
A. were B. became C. has become D. have been
21. (2017·海南·36)Last year our class set up Reading Corner. So far，we __ more than 200 books.
A. were reading B. have read C. will read
22. (2017·黑龙江哈尔滨·11)Some boys in our class ________ football club for a year. They are crazy about playing football now.
A. joined B. have joined C. have been in
23. (2017·湖北鄂州·23)—The town of Huarong ________ a lot in the past five years.
—That's true. It's becoming more and more beautiful.
A. changed B. has changed C. had changed D. is changing
24. (2017·湖北武汉·29)I ________ football quite well，but I haven't had time to play since the new year.
25. (2017·湖北孝感· 28)The volunteers _____ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010.
A. offered B. have offered C. are offering D. will offer2-1-c-n-j-y
26. (2017·湖北宜昌·34)—How many children do most post-80s' families have?
—One. They ________ two in the future, I guess.
A. will have B. had C. have D. have had
27. (2017·河南·26)—Paul，I'm busy cooking. Can you give me a hand?
—Just a minute. I ________ my e-mail.
A. am checking B. will check C. have checked D. was checking
28. (2017·四川宜宾·28)I don't know when he________ back. Please tell me when he________back.
A. comes；comes B. comes；will come C. will come；comes
29. (2017·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·12)—I want to know if he________ back tomorrow.
—I'll call you as soon as he________.
A. will come；will return B. will come；returns C. comes；will return
30. (2017·青海西宁·26)If it ________ sunny tomorrow，I will go shopping with my friend in the supermarket.
A. will be B. be C. is D. was
1. (2017·湖北黄冈·35)—Can you tell how long you _____the Huawei mobile phone，Mr. Zheng?
—Nearly a year. It works very well.
A. will buy B. have had C. have bought D. had had
2. (2017·浙江温州· 8)Simon looks worried because he ________ a writing competition and now he's waiting for the result.
A. enters B. entered C. will enter D. is entering21cnjy.com
3. (2017·江苏南京·11)—When did the classroom have a power cut?
—This morning，while we ________ a physics lesson.
A. have had B. were having C. are having D. will have
4. (2017·江苏苏州· 10)—Excuse me，what time does Flight BA 2793 leave?
—Just a minute. I ________ it for you.
5. (2017·江苏泰州· 9)—Did you hear the strange noise next door around 10 o'clock last night?
—No，I ________ my favorite TV programme in my bedroom.
A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. am watching
6. (2017·江苏宿迁·7)My grandparents ___ for over 60 years and they love each other very much.
A. have been married B. got married C. were married D. have got married
7. (2017·江苏盐城· 11)My brother _____ the Indian film Dangal when I phoned him yesterday.
A. watches B. has watched C. is watching D. was watching
8. (2017·江苏扬州· 11)—You have a nice car.
—Thank you. I ________ it for less than one month.
A. bought B. have bought C. had D. have had
9. (2017·北京· 28)Lily is my classmate. We ________ each other since she came to our school.
A. know B. knew C. have known D. will know
10. (2017·福建· 26)—Do you know the Color Run，a five-kilometer race?
—Yes. So far it ________ into quite a few cities in our country.
A. comes B. came C. has come
11. (2017·重庆B卷·28)John and I________ to visit his grandparents last Sunday afternoon.
A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone
12. (2017·黑龙江哈尔滨·10)—I wonder if our foreign teacher Mr. White________ to his hometown next Tuesday.
—I'm not sure. But if he returns to his hometown，I ________ him off.
A. returns；see B. will return；see C. will return；will see
13. (2017·湖北黄石·32)—Where is your uncle，Jane?—He is in Guangzhou. He ___ for a month.
A. has left B. has gone C. left D. has been away
14. (2017·湖北武汉·30)—Linda is not coming for the party tonight.—But she________！
A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised
15. (2017·江苏镇江· 10)—I hear you're crazy about Roger Federer.
—Exactly. He is one of the greatest tennis players in the world and ________ 18 grand slams(大满贯) all together.
A. achieves B. achieved C. has achieved D. will achieve
16. (2017·江苏镇江·13)—You look tired. What's wrong with you?
—I stayed up late last night. I ________ my speech from eight o'clock to midnight.
A. practiced B. am practicing C. was practicing D. has practiced
17. (2017·江苏徐州· 9)The police officer stopped us and asked us where ________.
A. were we going B. we were going C. are we going D. we are going
18. (2017·江苏徐州· 5)The house belongs to Mr Smith，but he ________ here any more.
A. hasn't lived B. didn't live C. wasn't living D. doesn't live
19. (2017·上海·37)Several journalists ______ the lawyer about the international case an hour ago.
A. interview B. interviewed C. will interview D. had interviewed
20. (2017·湖北黄冈·34)—I called you at 8：30 last night，but you didn't pick up.
—Oh，I ________ “Huanlesong II” at home at that time.
A. watched B. am watching C. was watching D. watch
【备考2018】英语3年中考2年模拟一轮专题复习学案第十一讲 动词时态 解析卷
思维导图记知识
时态是中考英语的一个非常要的语法内容，在初中阶段我们共学习了八种时态。一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时。每一种时态都有可能成为中考英语的考点。因此在平时的复习中我们必须掌握每一种时态的定义、结构、标志词以及时态的特殊用法。考题常在单项选择、完形填空、单词填空中设置5-8分的题。书面表达中对时态的考查更为普遍。下面就每一种时态进行小结：
一、一般现在时的用法
1. 表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作。如：
I do the shopping every morning. 我每天早上去买东西。
We always have breakfast at 7.30. 我们总是在七点半吃早饭。
2. 表示现在的情况或状态。如：
Most of the students are ill. 大多数学生都生病了。
He likes living in the country. 他喜欢住在乡下。
We need a lot of money. 我们需要一大笔钱。
3. 表示格言或客观真理。如：
Summer follows spring. 春去夏来。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
The earth turns around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
4.表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等瞬间动词。
例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
He comes back tonight. 他今晚回来
5.在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时 来表示将来要发生的动作。
例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。
If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。
从以上说明可以看出，一般现在时的用法比较好理解，但问题是，在考题中命题者会设置一定的情景，将一般现在时的用法隐含其中，所以同学们在具体做题时，要学会灵活运用。
二、一般过去时的用法
1. 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。如：
He bought the computer five years ago. 这电脑是他五年前买的。
It was then a small fishing village．那时它只是一个小渔村。
2. 表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作。如：
We often played together when we were children．我们小时候常在一起玩。
表示过去习惯性的动作，也可用used to或would。如：
He used to go to work by bus. 他过去常乘公共汽车去上班。
综观近年来的中考英语考题，命题者在设置一般过去时考点时，也通常会给出一个特定的语境，然后要求考生结合所给情景进行分析作答。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。
三、一般将来时的用法
一般将来时的基本用法是表示将来要发生的情况或存在的状态。一般将来时由“will / shall + 动词原形”构成。如：
We shall have a lot of rain next month. 下个月将下很多雨。
I think she will pass the exam. 我想他考试会及格的。
注意，除可用“will /shall+动词原形”表示将来时态外，“be going to+动词原形”也可用于表示将来的打算和预测。如：
We are not going to stay there long. 我们不准备在那里久待。(表打算)
I’m afraid they’re going to lose the game. 恐怕他们会赛输。(表预测)
注意：根据英语习惯，在时间状语或条件状语从句，通常不能直接使用一般将来时，遇此情况可以用一般现在时来表示将来意义。
四、现在进行时的用法
现在进行时主要表示说话人的说话时刻正在进行的动作、不断重复的动作或目前这个阶段正在进行的动作。如：
We’re having a meeting. 我们在开会。(说话时正在进行的动作)
Be quiet! The baby is sleeping. 安静，孩子在睡觉。(说话时正在进行的动作)
He is teaching in a middle school. 他在一所中学教书。(目前阶段在进行的动作)
另外，现在进行时的以下两种用法也值得注意：
1. 用现在进行时表将来：该用法主要表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。如：
I’m leaving tomorrow. 我明天走。
They’re getting married next month. 他们下个月结婚。
2. 用现在进行时表示感色彩：该用法通常是与always连用，表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感彩。比较：
She’s always helping people. 她老是帮助别人。(表赞扬)
She always helps others. 他总是帮助别人。(陈述一个事实)
The boy is constantly lying. 这孩子老是撒谎。(表示厌恶)
The boy often lies. 这孩子常撒谎。(指出缺点)
五、过去进行时
1、表示在过去某时刻正在进行或发生的动作，通常与表过去的时间状语连用。
例如：At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp.昨天这个时候，我正在收拾东西去露营。
2、表移动的动词，如come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等词的过去进行时，可以表示过去将要发生的动作。
例如：She told me that she was going to Hainan for her holiday. 她告诉我她将去海南度假。
3、在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之后，另一个动作正在进行。
例如：It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时，正下着雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。
4、在叙述或描写过去的事情时，过去进行时经常与其它过去时态，特别时是一般过去时连用。但是过去进行时往往是表示背景。
例如：One night, he was typing in his study . Suddenly , a man broke into his house and cut off the electricity … .一天晚上，他正在书房里打字。突然，一个人闯进屋来，切断了电源……
① 过去进行时由“was(第一、三人称单数)或were(第二人称单数和各人称的复数)+现在分词”构成。
② 过去进行时的时间状语有：then, at that time, this time yesterday, at (eight) yesterday (morning),(a year) ago, 以及由when引出的时间状语从句。如：He was cooking supper this time yesterday.(昨天这个时候他正在做晚饭)/ The little girl was playing with her toy when I saw her.(我看到小女孩的时候她正在玩玩具)
③ 用于宾语从句或时间状语从句中,表示与主句动作同时进行而且是延续时间较长。句子中通常不用时间状语。如：She was it happen when she was walking past.(她路过时看到事情的发生)/ They sang a lot of songs while they were walking in the dark forest.(他们在黑暗的森林里走时唱了很多歌)
④ 也可以表示过去一个阶段频繁发生或反复进行的动作,常与always等频度副词连用,以表示赞扬、不满或讨厌等感彩。如：He was always borrowing money from me when he lived here.(他住在这里时老向我借钱)
六、现在完成时
现在完成时表示一个发生在过去的、对现在仍有影响的动作,或表示开始在过去,并且一直延续到现在,甚至还可能延续下去的动作。
1、表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, ever, never, just，before 等词连用。
例如：Have you ever cooked at home? 你吃晚饭了吗？
You have already grown much taller.你已经长高了许多。
2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能还要延续。往往和表示一段时间 的时间状语连用，常用的有：for＋一段时间；since+过去时间点或从句。（Since 用来说 明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度），提问用How long.
例如：It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了。
They have learned English for eight years .他们已学了八年的英语了。
3、 现在完成时需注意的问题：
①表示短暂性的动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用appear,begin,borrow,lend,buy,close,
come,die,fall,find,finish,join,kill,leave,sell,stop等。
例如：He has joined the army for five years. （错误）
He has been in the army for five years.(正确)
②非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以 持续的。
例如：I have received his letter for a month.（错）
I haven't received his letter for almost a month. （对）
③不能和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday,last week,in 1998,two days ago等。
4、have/has been to 和have/has gone to 的区别：
have/has gone to：是说去某地方了，即在那个地方或者是在去那个地方的途中
Have/has been to：去过什么地方，即现在已经不在那个地方了
例如：Mr.Li has gone to Lanzhou 去了兰州（现在在兰州或者在去兰州的路上）
I have never been to Beijing去过北京（现在已经不在北京了）
5、在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作)不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。具体变化见下表：
瞬间性动词的完成时 → 延续性动词或状态动词的完成时
have (already) gone to… have been in / at … for (two years)
has come to… has been here since (1990)
(had) left… (had) been away from…
arrived… been in…
died been dead
begun been on
ended been over
bought... had…
borrowed… kept…
joined… been in …
过去完成时
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作。简言之, 过去完成时所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。
1、表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已完成的行为或存在的状态。即发生的时间是过去的过 去。常与“by/before+过去时间”构成的短语连用。
例如：The train had already left before we arrived. 在我到达之前，火车已经开走了。
He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语。
2、表示在过去某一时间点之前已经持续了一段时间的动作或状态，常与for/since引导的表 示过去的时间状语连用。
例如：I had lived in America for two years before I came here .我来这之前在美国住过两年。
3、表示过去未曾实现的计划、愿望等。这种用法中常用的动词为hope, want,plan,wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等。
如：We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有来。
I had thought that all knew about it.我以为他们都知道这件事呢。
①过去完成时由“助动词had+动词的过去分词”构成。
②过去完成时时间状语有：by (yesterday), by then, by the end of (last…)或者由when,before等引出状语从句。有时句子中会有already, just, once, ever, never等词语,也会有for… 或since…构成的时间状语。如：They had already finished cleaning the classroom when their teacher came.(当老师来的时候他们已经打扫完了教室)/ The woman had left before he realized she was a cheat.(在他发觉那个妇女是个骗子时她已经走掉了)
③过去完成时常用于宾语从句中、after引导的从句中,或者从句是before引导的主句中。如：After I had put on my shoes and hat,I walked into the darkness.(我穿上鞋子戴上帽子走进了黑暗之中)/ He said that he had never seen a kangaroo before.(他说他以前从来没有见过袋鼠)
过去将来时
过去将来时表示在过去预计将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
1、表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句中。
例如：He said that he would finish his work before 9 o’clock.他说他会在九点之前完成工作。
2、表示过去的某种习惯，只要would。
例如：Whenever he has been in trouble,we would give him a hand.
每当他遇到困难时，我们总会伸出援助之手。
①过去将来时由“助动词should(第一人称)或would(第二、三人称)+动词原形”构成。在美国英语中,过去将来时的助动词一律用“would +动词原形”。
②过去将来时常由于宾语从句中,时间状语有：later, soon, the next (day).
③在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中不可以使用过去将来时,而应该使用一般过去时。如：He promised that he would pay me a lot if I helped him with the project.(他答应付给我许多钱如果我帮助他搞那个项目)/ Every time when he was free,he would sit down and read some books.(每次只要他有空他就会坐下来看看书)
④表示纯粹的将来时用would或should,表示打算或主观认为的事情用was/were going to (+动词原形)。如：She told me she would be 18 the next month.(她告诉我她下个月就18岁了)/ She told me that she was going to have a walk with her pet dog.(她告诉我她打算带她的宠物狗去散步)
⑤过去将来时还可以表示一个过去经常性的动作。如：When it rained in the day, he would bring an umbrella with him.(白天下雨时他会随身带一把雨伞)
考点一：一般现在时
典例1：—Can I help you?—I bought this watch here yesterday, but it ________ work. (江西中考题)
A. won’t B. didn’t C. doesn’t D. wouldn’t
【解析】虽然手表是前一天买的，但说话者现在拿来退，说明这块表“不工作”是现在的事，故用一般现在时。
【答案】C
举一反三
1.I used to love this film when I was young, but I ________ it that way any more. (江苏南京中考题)
A. don’t feel B. didn’t feel C. haven’t felt D. hadn’t felt
【解析】谈及现在的感受，应用一般现在时。句意为：我年轻的时候喜欢看这种电影，但我现在不再那样喜欢了。注意句中的but表转折，引出一个与前面相反的情况。
【答案】A
2. --- Henry, you______ on the phone. ---oh, _______. Thank you.
A. are wanted, I come B. are wanted, I’m coming
C. are being wanted, I come D. are wanting, I ‘m coming
【解析】该题的正确答案为B. 首先第一空是考查动词的被动语态，表示电话找你。而后一空I’m coming 表示“我马上就来”。Come的现在进行时可以表示将来时。
【答案】B
3. --- Tomorrow will be Father’s Day. What will you do for your father?
--- I will say “I love you, Daddy” as soon as he _____up.
will wake B. wake C. wakes D. woke
【解析】该题考查时间状语从句中动词时态的用法。在含有时间状语从句的复合句里，当主句为一般将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时表将来。故选C。
【答案】C
考点二：一般过去时
典例2：I ________ the wrong thing. Can I use your eraser? (河北中考题)
A. write B. wrote C. am writing D. will write
【解析】说话者要向对方借用橡皮擦，说明写错字的事已经发生了，故用一般过去时。
【答案】B
举一反三
1.They ________ her to the party, so she was very happy. (北京中考题)
A. invite B. invited C. will invite D. are inviting
【解析】根据句后文so she was very happy（所以她很高兴）的时态可知，此处是在谈及过去的情况，故空格处应填一般过去时。
【答案】B
2. —When _______ your mother _______ you that blue dress，Mary？
???? —Sorry，I realy can’t remember.
A.does；buy B.has；bought C.had；bought D.did；buy
【解析】从问句和选项所提供的信息，可知问句的意思为“你妈妈什么时候给你买的那件蓝色的衣服？”。when 不能跟完成时连用，这里“买”的动作是在过去发生的，所以排除B和C，选D。
【答案】D
3. --- How did the accident happen?
--- It _____difficult to see the road because it _______.
A.was, was raining B. is, has rained C. is, is raining D. will be, will rain
【解析】问句的谓语用的是一般过去时，答句的谓语也应该用过去时，因此第一空只能填was, 所以选A。句意为“很难看清路，因为当时正在下雨。”
【答案】A
考点三：一般将来时
典例3：Attention, please. There ________ a football game between China and Korea this evening. (山东淄博中考题)
A. is going to be B. has been C. has D. will have
【解析】答案选A。根据句中的时间状语this evening（今天晚上）可知，句子应用一般将来时，故可排除B和C；又因为there be的将来时态可以是there will be或there is going to be，但不能是there will have或there is going to have，故可排除D。
【答案】A
举一反三
1.If you ________ carefully, you ________ the report well. (广州中考题)
A. will listen; will be understood B. will listen; understand
C. listen; will understand D. listen; understand
【解析】由于条件状语从句习惯上不能直接使用将来时态，故可排除A和B；至于D，根据句子意思应该用将来时态，句意为：如果你仔细听，你就能很好地理解报告。
【答案】C
2. I don’t know when Jim _______. I’ll meet him at the airport when he _______.
A. will return; return B. returns; will return
C. returned; returned D. will return; returns.
【解析】该题考查when的两种用法。when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导时间状语从句。当when引导宾语从句时，其句中的谓语动词要根据实际情况选用时态，第一空因为动作还没有发生，所以要用一般将来时will return；当when引导时间状语从句的时候，遵循“主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时”的原则, 所以第二空选returns。
【答案】D
考点四：现在进行时
典例4：—Alice, turn down the TV, please. I ________ on the phone.
—Oh, sorry. (安徽中考题)
A. have talked B. talked C. am talking D. talk
【解析】说话者叫Alice把电视机声音关小，说明他当时正在打电话，即用现在进行时。
【答案】C
举一反三
1.It ________ outside. You’d better take an umbrella with you. (江西中考题)
A. rains B. is raining C. rained D. has rained
【解析】根据后文说的“你最好带把雨伞”可知，外面正在下雨，故用现在进行时。
【答案】B
2. --- Listen. Who ______in the next room?--- It maybe Mr Lee.
A.sings B. is singing C. sang D. does sing
【解析】本题问句中的动词listen提醒我们后面的动作正在发生，所以要选现在进行时is singing。
【答案】B
考点五：现在完成时
典例1：--- Is Cindy at home?
--- No, she ________ the library. She _______there a moment ago.
A. has gone to, went B. has gone to, has been
C. has been to, went D. has been to, has gone
【解析】 根据答句开头的“No”可知Cindy不在家已经去图书馆了。所以第一空用has gone；第二空填went，表示刚才“去的”。
【答案】A
举一反三
1. --- What about seeing the film with me?--- Sorry. I ______twice.
A. am seeing B. will see C.see D. have seen
【解析】该题的语境是“我不想去，因为我看过两次了。” 很明显是强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响，符合现在完成时的用法，所以选择D.
【答案】D
2.--- Would you like____ some coffee? --- No, thanks. I ______some.
A. have, already have B. had, just had
C. having, have yet had D. to have, have already had
【解析】该题的正确答案为D。would like 后要接to + 动词原形，所以第一空填 to have；第二空填“have already had”，句子表达的意思为“我已经吃过一些，不用再吃了”。
【答案】D
3. --- Have you _____your ticket yet? --- No, I’m still ______it.
A. found, finding B. looked for, looking for
C. found, looking for D. looked for, finding
【解析】该题考查find与look for的区别，find意为“找到”，look for意为“寻找”。所以选C。第一空要填found，第二空填looking for。
【答案】C
4.--- Where is Miss Gao, Lily?--- She ____to the teacher’s.
has been B. has gone C. went D. would go
【解析】该题考查has been与 has gone的区别。前者表示“曾经去过某地”，而后者表示“到某地去了，人不在这儿”。根据问句，Miss Gao显然已不在说话地点，她已经去老师那里了。所以选B。
【答案】B
考点六：过去进行
典例1：—What did the teacher say just now?
—Sorry. I didn’t catch it. I________something else.
A.think B.will think C.was thinking D.had thought
【解析】该题的正确答案为C。该题必须根据上下句来理解，第二句所要表达的意思是“刚才老师讲话的时候我在想别的事情。”即表达在过去某一时间发生的动作，所以要用过去进行时was thinking。
【答案】C
举一反三
1.—What ______ when the earthquake (地震) happened on May 12th ?
—Er, I was having a geography class in the classroom.
A. are you doing B. did you do C. were you doing
【解析】本题的答句用了过去进行时was having。结合上下句的语境，问句当然用过去进行时，所以选C。
【答案】C
2.--- What _____your father doing at eight yesterday evening, Sandy?
--- Let me see…Oh, he was_____ a newspaper.
A.was, reading B. were, watching C. was, looking D. were, seeing
【解析】该题考点是过去进行时。过去进行时由 was/were + 动词的-ing形式构成。因为 your father 是单数人称， 所以第一空要选was； 看报纸要用read，而不用look。所以选A。
【答案】A
1. (2017·四川泸州· 6)—It's very dangerous to swim in the pool. Look at the sign.
—Oh，I ________ notice it. Thanks for telling me.
A. won't B. don't C. haven't D. didn't
[解析]句意：——在池塘里游泳太危险了。看看这警示牌。——哦，我没有注意到。谢谢告知。根据题干语境可知，指过去没有看到，强调过去的动作，故用一般过去时。故选D。
【答案】D
2. (2017·河北· 33)Wow! You ________ dinner! Let's eat now.
A. cook B. are cooking C. will cook D. have cooked
[解析]句意：哦！你做完晚餐了！现在让我们吃饭吧。强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时态。故选D。
【答案】D
3. (2017·广东·38)Sue wasn't happy because she _____ the concert given by her favorite singer.
A. misses B. missed C. will miss D. is missing
[解析]根据前面的关键词“wasn't”可知此空用一般过去时。故选B。
【答案】B
4. (2017·广东·40)Betty ________ hard since last term. That's why her exam results are so good!
A. has worked B. will work C. worked D. was working
[解析]根据关键词“since”可知此句用现在完成时。故选A。
【答案】A
5. (2017·甘肃天水· 29)In the past few years there ________ great changes in my hometown.
A. had been B. have been C. were D. are
[解析]句意：在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。根据空格前时间状语“In the past few years”可知，该句子的时态应为现在完成时态。故选B。
【答案】B
6. (2017·四川成都·40)—Did you hear someone knock at the door just now?
—Sorry. I ________ to my friend on the phone.
A. was talking B. talked C. am talking
[解析]句意：——你听见刚才有人敲门吗？——对不起(我没听见)。我正在和我的朋友通电话。根据语境以及问句中的时间状语“just now”可知，答语中的动作表示“过去正在打电话”，故用过去进行时was talking。故选A。
【答案】A
7. (2017·天津· 25)The earth is a planet and it ________ around the sun.
A. goes B. go C. will go D. went
[解析]句意：地球是一颗行星，它绕着太阳转。英语中，凡是客观事实、客观真理或谚语，应用一般现在时。因it是第三人称单数主语，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选A。
【答案】A
8. (2017·安徽·34)I am surprised at the new look of my hometown，for it ________ a lot over the years.
A. changed B. changes C. will change D. has changed
[解析]句意：我对我家乡的新面貌感到惊叹，因为它这么多年已经改变了很多。根据句意及句中时间状语“over the years”可知，应用现在完成时态。故选D。
【答案】D
9. (2017·甘肃兰州·36)When you________ me last night, I ________the piano.
A. were calling；was playing B. were calling；played C. called；played D.called；was playing
[解析]意为：你给我打电话时，我正在弹钢琴。when引导时间状语从句时，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时。故选D。
【答案】D
10. (2017·湖北随州·35)—Did you watch the football match on TV last night?
—I wanted to，but my father ________ his favorite TV program.
A. watched B. watches C. was watching D. had watched
[解析]句意：——昨晚你在电视上看足球比赛了吗？——我想看，但我爸爸一直在看他最喜欢的电视节目。过去进行时常常表示在过去某段时间内一直在做某事，结合I wanted to可知作者没有看成，是因为爸爸一直在看节目，故用过去进行时。故选C。
【答案】C
11. (2017·湖南长沙· 21)—Hello，John. This is Mike. What are you doing now?
—I'm watching a football match. It started at 7：30 pm and ________ on for another one hour.
A. has been B. was C. will be
[解析]句意：——你好，约翰，我是迈克，你正在干什么？——我在观看足球比赛。下午7点半开始的，________一个小时。根据“another one hour”，另一个小时，可知比赛将会持续一小时。用一般将来时态。故选C。
【答案】C
12. (2017·江西·31)I've just returned from my trip to London. I ___many interesting places there.
A. visit B. will visit C. am visiting D. visited
[解析]句意：我刚从伦敦旅行回来。我参观了那里许多有趣的地方。 “我”已经从伦敦旅行回来了，所以“参观那里有趣的地方”发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选D。
【答案】D
13. (2017·山东泰安· 28)With the development of science and technology，robot cooks ________ in our families in the future.
A. appear B. appeared C. will appear D. is appearing
[解析]由句中“in the future(将来)”可知，用一般将来时态。句意：随着科技的发展，机器人厨师未来将出现在我们的家庭中。故选C。
【答案】C
14. (2017·山东潍坊· 22)A little effort every day，you________ a big difference.
A. makes B. made C. have made D. will make
[解析]句意：每天做出一点努力，你就会有很大的改观。前文是一个省略的条件状语从句，“If you make a little effort every day...”由此可以判定主句用一般将来时态，will make是将来时，故选D。
【答案】D
15. (2017·湖北十堰·34)—I saw Mr. Smith in the office at ten yesterday morning.
—That's impossible. He________ an English party with us then.
A. has B. had C. was having D. has had
[解析]句意：——昨天上午十点钟我在办公室看见史密斯先生了。——不可能，那时他正和我们一起举行英语聚会呢。句中的“then”相当于at ten yesterday morning，表示过去某个时刻正在做某事，要用过去进行时，故选C。
【答案】C
16. (2017·湖北襄阳·35)—Can you tell me when you are going to arrive there?
—I'm not sure. But I'll ring you up as soon as I ________ there tomorrow.
A. arrive B. arrived C. will arrive D. am going to arrive
[解析]句意：——你能告诉我什么时间你能到那里？——我不确定。但是我一到那里就给你打电话。as soon as“一……就……”，遵循“主将从现”原则，故选A。
【答案】A
17. (2017·四川眉山· 31)I don't know if Eric ________ this Sunday. If he ________ here，I'll call you at once.
A. will come；will come B. come；comes
C. comes；will come D. will come；comes
[解析]句意：我不知道这周日Eric会不会来。如果他来这儿，我立刻给你打电话。 由“I don't know ...”考查宾语从句，且时间是这个周日，故用将来时态；而第二个句子考查的是条件状语从句，主句是将来时态，从句要用一般现在时态，且主语he为三单形式，故用comes。故选D。
【答案】D
18. (2017· 重庆A卷·23)In the past few years，many schools ________ the ways of doing morning exercises.
A. change B. changes C. will change D. have changed
[解析]句意：在过去几年里，很多学校都改变了做晨操的方式。in the past few years是典型的现在完成时的标志，故选D。
【答案】D
19. (2017·北京· 26)—How do you usually go to school?—I ________ to school on foot.
A. go B. went C. was going D. will go
[解析]根据句中的标志词usually可知该题应该使用一般现在时，表示经常性、习惯性的动作，故选A；而B项是一般过去时；was going是过去进行时；will go是一般将来时，均排除。
【答案】A
20. (2017·内蒙古呼和浩特·8)—Do you know her well?
—Sure. We ________ friends since ten years ago.
A. were B. became C. has become D. have been
[解析]由答语中时间状语“since ten years ago(自十年以前)”，可知本句应用现在完成时态，become(完成)为非延续性动词，不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，故选D。
【答案】D
21. (2017·海南·36)Last year our class set up Reading Corner. So far，we __ more than 200 books.
A. were reading B. have read C. will read
[解析]句意：去年我们班建立了阅读角，目前为止我们已经读了200多本书。so far迄今为止，现在完成时的标志。故选B。
【答案】B
22. (2017·黑龙江哈尔滨·11)Some boys in our class ________ football club for a year. They are crazy about playing football now.
A. joined B. have joined C. have been in
[解析]句意：我们班的一些男孩参加足球俱乐部有一年的时间了。他们至今仍对踢足球很狂热。空格后时间状语“for a year”为一段时间，空格处表示“成了其中的一员”，故用have been in。故选C。
【答案】C
23. (2017·湖北鄂州·23)—The town of Huarong ________ a lot in the past five years.
—That's true. It's becoming more and more beautiful.
A. changed B. has changed C. had changed D. is changing
[解析]句意：——华容镇过去五年变了很多。——确实是的。华容镇正变得越来越美了。华容镇过去五年发生的事情，对目前造成了影响，使华容镇正变得越来越美了。故使用现在完成时。故选B。
【答案】B
24. (2017·湖北武汉·29)I ________ football quite well，but I haven't had time to play since the new year.
A. will play B. have played C. played D. play
[解析]句意：我足球踢得很好，但是自从新年以来我就没有时间踢了。结合语境可知，前文描述的是客观事实性动作，故用一般现在时态。答案为D项。
【答案】D
25. (2017·湖北孝感· 28)The volunteers _____ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010.
A. offered B. have offered C. are offering D. will offer
[解析]句意：自2010年以来，志愿者们为老人和年轻人提供了许多帮助。since是现在完成时的标志词，故选B。
【答案】B
26. (2017·湖北宜昌·34)—How many children do most post-80s' families have?
—One. They ________ two in the future, I guess.
A. will have B. had C. have D. have had
[解析]句意：——大多数八零后有几个孩子？——一个。我猜未来他们会有两个孩子。由时间状语“in the future”可判断，本句用一般将来时态，故选A。
【答案】A
27. (2017·河南·26)—Paul，I'm busy cooking. Can you give me a hand?
—Just a minute. I ________ my e-mail.
A. am checking B. will check C. have checked D. was checking
[解析]句意：——保罗，我正忙着做饭呢，你能帮个忙吗？——稍等片刻，我正在查看我的电子邮件。表示(此刻)我正在查看我的电子邮件，故选A符合题意。
【答案】A
28. (2017·四川宜宾·28)I don't know when he________ back. Please tell me when he________back.
A. comes；comes B. comes；will come C. will come；comes
[解析]句意：我不知道他什么时候会回来。他回来时请告诉我。当主语为一般现在时时，宾语从句可以用任意时态。状语从句经常需要注意的时态搭配为：主将从现、主情从现。故选C。
【答案】C
29. (2017·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·12)—I want to know if he________ back tomorrow.
—I'll call you as soon as he________.
A. will come；will return B. will come；returns C. comes；will return
[解析]句意：——我想知道明天他是否回来。——他一回来我就给你打电话。if意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，根据tomorrow可知用一般将来时；答语“as soon as”引导时间状语从句，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时来代替一般将来时。故选B。
【答案】B
30. (2017·青海西宁·26)If it ________ sunny tomorrow，I will go shopping with my friend in the supermarket.
A. will be B. be C. is D. was
[解析]句意：如果明天天气晴朗的话，我将和我的朋友去超市购物。条件状语从句时态遵循“主将从现”的原则，if从句应该用一般现在时。故选C。
【答案】C
1. (2017·湖北黄冈·35)—Can you tell how long you _____the Huawei mobile phone，Mr. Zheng?
—Nearly a year. It works very well.
A. will buy B. have had C. have bought D. had had
[解析]句意：——郑先生，你能告诉我你买这部华为手机多长时间了吗？——将近一年，它性能很好。根据“how long”结合句意可知，用现在完成时，buy是瞬间动词，接时间段要变成延续性动词have。A选项是将来时；D选项是过去完成时。故选B。
【答案】B
2. (2017·浙江温州· 8)Simon looks worried because he ________ a writing competition and now he's waiting for the result.
A. enters B. entered C. will enter D. is entering
[解析]句意：西蒙看上去很担心，因为他参加了(entered)写作比赛，现在他正在等待结果。由句意可知应选一般过去时。故选B。
【答案】B
3. (2017·江苏南京·11)—When did the classroom have a power cut?
—This morning，while we ________ a physics lesson.
A. have had B. were having C. are having D. will have
[解析]句意：——教室什么时候停电的？——今天早上，当我们________上物理课的时候。while当……时候，强调动词的持久性，因此用进行时态，又由问句中的时态可知，用过去进行时态。故选B。
【答案】B
4. (2017·江苏苏州· 10)—Excuse me，what time does Flight BA 2793 leave?
—Just a minute. I ________ it for you.
A. check B. checked C. will check D. have checked
[解析]句意：——打扰了，英航2793航班何时离开？——稍待片刻，我为你查一下。根据句意，表示“检查”的动作即将发生，此题应用一般将来时。故选C。
【答案】C
5. (2017·江苏泰州· 9)—Did you hear the strange noise next door around 10 o'clock last night?
—No，I ________ my favorite TV programme in my bedroom.
A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. am watching
[解析]句意：——昨晚大约10点钟的时候，你听到过隔壁房间奇怪的声响了吗？——没有。我(当时)正在卧室里看我最喜欢的电视节目。根据上文中的过去某个具体的时间点可知，下文应用动词的过去进行时态，表达过去某个时间正在进行的动作。故选C。
【答案】C
6. (2017·江苏宿迁·7)My grandparents ___ for over 60 years and they love each other very much.
A. have been married B. got married C. were married D. have got married
[解析]句意：我祖父母已经结婚60多年了，他们彼此非常恩爱。根据时间状语“for over 60 years”可知，是持续到现在的动作或状态，用现在完成时态表达；be married表示状态“已婚”，和for引导的表示一段时间的时间状语连用。get married是终止性动词短语。故选A。
【答案】A
7. (2017·江苏盐城· 11)My brother _____ the Indian film Dangal when I phoned him yesterday.
A. watches B. has watched C. is watching D. was watching
[解析]句意：当我昨天打电话给我哥哥时，他正在看印度电影《摔跤吧，爸爸》。根据句意可知，应使用过去进行时表示昨天打电话时哥哥正在做的事，故选D。
【答案】D
8. (2017·江苏扬州· 11)—You have a nice car.
—Thank you. I ________ it for less than one month.
A. bought B. have bought C. had D. have had
[解析]设题空的句意为“我买它不到一个月。”for less than one month为“一段时间”的状语，常与现在完成时连用，但不能与非延续性动词连用。故选D。
【答案】D
9. (2017·北京· 28)Lily is my classmate. We ________ each other since she came to our school.
A. know B. knew C. have known D. will know
[解析]根据从句“since she came to our school”可知，该题应该使用现在完成时态，表示“自她来到我们学校以来，我们就互相认识了”。故选C。而选项A是一般现在时；选项B是一般过去时；选项D是一般将来时，均排除。
【答案】C
10. (2017·福建· 26)—Do you know the Color Run，a five-kilometer race?
—Yes. So far it ________ into quite a few cities in our country.
A. comes B. came C. has come
[解析]句意：——你了解彩色跑，一个五公里赛跑吗？——是的。到目前为止它在我们国家好几个城市举办过。根据语境及时间状语“so far”可知，应用现在完成时态表达。故选C。
【答案】C
11. (2017·重庆B卷·28)John and I________ to visit his grandparents last Sunday afternoon.
A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone
[解析]根据句中的时间状语“last Sunday afternoon”可知为一般过去时态，故选B。
【答案】B
12. (2017·黑龙江哈尔滨·10)—I wonder if our foreign teacher Mr. White________ to his hometown next Tuesday.
—I'm not sure. But if he returns to his hometown，I ________ him off.
A. returns；see B. will return；see C. will return；will see
[解析]句意：——我想知道我们的外教White老师下周二能否回到自己的家乡。——我不确定。但是，如果他到了(家乡)，我会给他送行。第一个句子是一个宾语从句，由空格后时间状语“next Tuesday”可知，应用一般将来时态；下面的句子But 后是一个由if引导的条件状语从句，应遵循“主将从现”的原则，故主句用一般将来时态。故选C。
【答案】C
13. (2017·湖北黄石·32)—Where is your uncle，Jane?—He is in Guangzhou. He ___ for a month.
A. has left B. has gone C. left D. has been away
[解析]句意：——Jane，你的叔叔在哪里？——他在广州。他已经离开一个月了。根据语境可知，空处用现在完成时；根据“for a month”可知，空处不能用瞬间动词，left和gone都是瞬间动词。故选D。
【答案】D
14. (2017·湖北武汉·30)—Linda is not coming for the party tonight.—But she________！
A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised
[解析]句意：——琳达今晚不来参加晚会了。——但她许诺过。由语境可知，在说话之前“她”许诺过。故此处用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。答案为B项。
【答案】B
15. (2017·江苏镇江· 10)—I hear you're crazy about Roger Federer.
—Exactly. He is one of the greatest tennis players in the world and ________ 18 grand slams(大满贯) all together.
A. achieves B. achieved C. has achieved D. will achieve
[解析]句意：——我听说你对Roger Federer很狂热。——确实！他是世界上最伟大的网球运动员之一，已经取得了共计18个大满贯。用现在完成时态强调他到现在为止取得的成就，说明对他狂热的原因。故选C。
【答案】C
16. (2017·江苏镇江·13)—You look tired. What's wrong with you?
—I stayed up late last night. I ________ my speech from eight o'clock to midnight.
A. practiced B. am practicing C. was practicing D. has practiced
[解析]句意：——你看上去很累。你怎么了？——我昨晚熬夜到很晚。从8点到半夜我都在准备我的演讲。时间状语last night“昨晚”提示用过去时态，from eight o'clock to midnight“从8点到半夜”提示在某段时间内动作正在进行，故谓语用动词的过去进行时态表达。
【答案】C
17. (2017·江苏徐州· 9)The police officer stopped us and asked us where ________.
A. were we going B. we were going C. are we going D. we are going
[解析]句意：警官拦住了我们并问我们将要去哪儿。根据主句中的“stopped”可知，从句用过去时态，排除选项C和D；宾语从句应该用陈述句语序，排除选项A。故选B。
【答案】B
18. (2017·江苏徐州· 5)The house belongs to Mr Smith，but he ________ here any more.
A. hasn't lived B. didn't live C. wasn't living D. doesn't live
[解析]句意：这座房子属于史密斯先生，但是他不再住这儿了。由句中的“belongs”可知，本句用一般现在时态。故选D。
【答案】D
19. (2017·上海·37)Several journalists ______ the lawyer about the international case an hour ago.
A. interview B. interviewed C. will interview D. had interviewed
[解析]句意：一小时前，几个记者________律师关于这个国际案例的事情。由表过去的时间状语“an hour ago”可知，本句应用一般过去时态。故选B。
【答案】B
20. (2017·湖北黄冈·34)—I called you at 8：30 last night，but you didn't pick up.
—Oh，I ________ “Huanlesong II” at home at that time.
A. watched B. am watching C. was watching D. watch
[解析]句意：——昨晚8点半我给你打电话，但是你没接。——哦，那时我正在家看《欢乐颂Ⅱ》。根据时间昨晚8点半可知用过去进行时。故选C。
【答案】C
