第十一讲 八年级下 Units1--2
stomach (n.) → ________(n.) 胃痛；腹痛
foot (n.) → _______(pl.) 脚
own (adj. ) →______(n.) 拥有者
break (v.) →______ (adj.) 破损的
train (v.) →_______(n.) 训练
kind (n. adj. ) →_____(n.) 善良
climb(v.) →_____(n. ) 爬山者
strong (adj.) →_____(反义词）虚弱的
feel (v. ) →_______(n.)情感→ felt (过去式）感觉
tooth (n.)→_______(pl.) 牙→ toothache (n.) 牙痛
satisfy(v.)→________(n.) 满意
difficult (adj.) →______ (n.)困难
lie (v.)→______(过去式） 说谎→_____(过去式）躺→ ______(过去分词）
die(v.)→________(n.)死亡
our(pron.) →________(反身代词）我们自已
knife(n.) → ________(pl.)小刀
mean(v.)→_______ (过去式）意思→_______(过去分词)
understand(v.) → ________(过去式）理解，明白→________ (过去分词）
her (pron.) → ______（反身代词）她自已
hit(v.) →______ (过去式）击，打→________ (过去分词）
important(adj.) →________(n.)重要性
sick(adj.)→_______( 同义词）
decide(v.) →________(n.)决定
1.胃痛 ______________________
2 躺下__________________
3 量体温 ______________________
4 发烧 ______________________
休息 _______________________
下车 _____________________
使.....惊讶的；出乎.....意料__________________
陷入；参与_____________________
习惯于....适应于.... ________________
冒险 _______________________
用尽；耗尽 _______________________
切除____________
离开；从....出来 _______________
掌管；管理 ____________________
放弃 __________________
打扫(或清除）干净 ____________________
（使) 变得更高兴；振奋起来 __________________
分发；散发__________________
想出；提 出 ______________________
推迟______________
分好__________________
打电话给（某人）；征召 ________________
照顾；非常喜欢 ____________________
参加.......选拔；试用 ____________________
修理；装饰_______________________
赠送；捐赠 ________________
（外貌或行为）像 _______________
建起；设立____________________
影响；有作用______________________
决定 _______________________
31 喝加蜂蜜的热茶 ______________________
32 由于/多亏 ___________________
同时______________________
◆考点1.What’s the matter ?怎么了？
考向1：用来询问对方遇到的麻烦事，医生和护士询问病人也常用此句。与with 连用，构成What’s the matter with ...? ...怎么了？
考向2：[易错]
①What’s the matter with ...?中matter 为名词所以前面用“the”
② What’s wrong with ....?中wrong 为形容词，所以不能加the .
考向3：matter v.要紧，关系重大
Cg: ---Does it matter if I am late ? 如果我迟到这要紧吗？
----It doesn’t matter . 不要紧
◆考点突破
（２０１6，山东）---Tony, what’s ______ matter with you?
----I have _____ toothache .
A a; the B. the ; a C. /; the D the ; /
◆考点2 lie v.
deg: There is a dog lying in the street . 有一条狗躺在街上。
考向：辨析lie 的各个含义
lie v. 躺， 位于
Lay- lain - lying
You should lie down.你应该躺下。
lie v. 说谎
lied - lied - lying
He often lies . 他经常说谎。
lie n. 谎言
lies (复数）
He often tells lies . 他经常说谎。
[拓展]lay v. 下蛋，放置
deg : The hens lay a lot of eggs every day . 母鸡每天下很多蛋。
Please lay the table before the dinner 饭前请放桌子 。
◆考点突破
Look, there is a wallet _______ on he playground . 21世纪教育网版权所有
A lie B. lying C. lay D. lain
（2015，广东）I found a letter _______ on the floor when I came into the classroom . 2-1-c-n-j-y
A lying B. lay C. lie D. lies
◆考点3 trouble n.
deg: Teenagers always have a lot of trouble in school life . 有学校生活方面青少年总是有许多烦恼。 【版权所有：21教育】
考向1：关于trouble 的固定搭配
①have trouble with eth.在某方面有困难
②have trouble (in) doing eth .在做某方面有困难
deg: We have trouble getting staff. 我们在招聘雇员方面有困难。
同义搭配：have problems with/doing eth /have difficulty with /doing eth .
考向2： 关于trouble 的词组
①get into trouble 陷入困境
②be in trouble 处于困境
③get sb. into trouble 使某人陷入困境
◆考点突破
（2017,山东）---I have great ________ in finishing the work by myself . Could you help me ?
-----No problem .
A fun B. success C. advice D. difficulty
(2017,福州） ----Jack , I have _____ working out the math problem .
----Don’t worry . Let me help you .
A fun B. trouble C. experience
考点4 hit v.
考向1： hit 的变形： hit-hit-hit-hitting
考向2：hit的用法
eg: Someone got hit on the head 有人头部受到碰撞了。
hit Sb. /eth. With eth. 用某物击打某人/物
deg: He hit the nail squarely on the head with the hammer . 他用锤子正对着钉子敲下去。
hit sth. on/against eth. 把某物撞到某物
deg : He hit his head on the low ceiling . 他的头碰到了低矮的天花板。
hit n. 打， 击
eg : Give it a good hit . 用力打它一下。
考向3：
[拓展] 辨析hit , knock
hit
碰撞，撞击，尤指造成损伤
The boy was hit by a car . 男孩被一辆车撞了。
knock
敲，击，碰，撞，把....撞成某种状态
Someone had knocked a hole in the wall . 有人在墙上打了个洞。
◆考点突破
When I see a snake , shall I hit it ______ the head _____ a stick ?
A by ; by B. on ; by C. on ; with D. by ; with 21教育名师原创作品
考点5 breathe v.
考向1： 辨析 breathe , breath , breathing
breathe
动词
呼吸，呼气
It’s healthy to breathe deeply in the morning .早上做深呼吸对身体有益。
breath
名词
呼吸，呼气
He has run himself our of breath 他跑得上气不接下气。
breathing
名词
连续呼吸的动作
Her breathing became steady and she fell asleep . 她的呼吸变得均匀，便睡着了。
考向2：归纳
breathe 的常用词组
breathe in 吸入 breathe out 呼出
breathe freely again 平静下来，松一口气
breathe deeply 深呼吸
breath 的常用词组
catch/hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
lose one’s breath/out of breath 喘不过气来
take a deep breath 深呼吸
◆考点突破
When the player finished running , he was out of ______.
A breathe B. breathing C. breath D. the breath
考点6 be in control of
考向1：be in control “掌管，管理”，=be in charge of /be responsible for
考向2：辨析in control /charge of , in the control /charge of
in control /charge of
表被动
A is in control /charge of B. A控制/管理B.
He is in control /charge of the factory .
in the control / charge
表被动
A is in the control /charge of B. A被B所控制、管理
He is in the control/charge of the boss.
◆考点突破
（2017，湖北）It(the one-child policy) has worked well in _______(control) China’s population . 【出处：21教育名师】
考点7 give up
deg: Don’t give up and you will succeed 别放弃，你会成功的。
考向1： 后接名词或动词-ING 形式作宾语，如果代词作give up 的宾语则要放在give 与up 之间。
deg : His mother didn’t give up trying to help him.
他妈妈没有放弃尽力帮助他。
考向2： 与give 有关的短语：
give away
赠送，泄露
Don’t give away the secret .这项机密不可泄露。
give in
上交，屈服
He refused to give in to old age . 他不服老。
give out
分发，用完
Give out the examination papers .
give off
散出，放出
Chemical changes give off energy . 化学变化释放能量。
◆考点突破
（2017，山东）---What are you packing so many books for , Grandma?
---- I’ll _____ to the kids in West China .
A give them up B. give them away
C give them off D. give them in
(2017,贵州）You must ask your father to give up s ______ , because he always coughs day and night .
考点8 clean up
deg : Chinese people clean up their houses before the Chinese New Year . 春节前，中国人打扫干净他们的房子。
考向1： clean up 是由“动词(v.) +副词（adv.）”构成的短语动词，其加宾词的特点是：动词、副词构成短语，名词宾语。 副词前后都可以，代词宾语，见到副词向前提。
deg : The room is dirty . Please clean it up . 房间很脏，请把它打扫干净。
考向2 归纳中考高频up 短语
wake up 醒来，使清醒 hurry up 快点 fix up 修补 mix up 混淆，搅和 keep up 保持，继续 end up 结束 look up 查找，抬头 set up 开办， 建立 pick up 捡起，用车接，收听 put up 举起，升起 send up 发射 show up 出现，露面 take up 开始，从事，占用 turn up 声音调大，到场 make up 组成，编造 give up 放弃 add up 加起来，合计 eat up 吃完
◆考点突破
（2017，湖南） When he saw a wallet on the ground , he _______ at once .
A picked it up B. gave it up C. picked up it
（2017，福州）---Tony is still in bed . He may miss the school bus .
---Last night he _______ late to write the report of his survey .
A stayed up B woke up C. got up
考点9 imagine v.
考向1：imagine 名词，意为“图像，影像，雕像”，imagination 名词，“想象力，幻想物”。
考向2：imagine 一般用作及物名词，意为“想象，设想，料想”。
◆考点突破
13 （2017，石家庄）The young man man looked at the beautiful flowers , _____ how happy he could be if he lived in such a beautiful place .
考点10 raise
deg : Our class tried to raise money for the sick kids in the hospital . 我们班努力为医院里生病的孩子们筹钱。
考向1 raise 和rise 的区别
raise
提升；提起；举起（人为的；及物）
raised
raised
He raised his arms above his head . 他把手臂举过头顶 。
rise
升起；上升（自身；不及物）
rose
risen
The sun rises in the east 太阳从东方升起。
考向2： raise 常见搭配
raise money 筹钱
raise money 筹钱
raise one’s voice 提高声音
◆考点突破
14 Since then the popularity of basketball ______ (rise) worldwide .
考点11 interest v. &n.
考向1：interest 的不同词性、变形及用法。
interest
名词
兴趣，关注，利益
Show/take/have interest in doing eth “对做....表现出/有兴趣
She showed great interest in your plan. 她对你的计划很有兴趣。
interest
动词
使感兴趣，使关注
①interest Sb. “使某人感兴趣
Math doesn’t interest him.
②interest Sb. (in) doing eth “使某人在做某事方面感兴趣”
He tried to interest me in buying the house. 他尽力说服我买这房子
interested
形容词
感兴趣的
①be interested in eth “对....感兴趣”
I am interested in English .
②be interested in doing eth 对做某事感兴趣。
He is interested in playing football.
interesting
形容词
使人感兴趣的
The book is very interesting . 这本书很有趣。
考向2 interest 作名词构成的短语
take interest in 对.....感兴趣
places of interest 名胜古迹
◆考点突破
15 （2017，四川) David visited lots of ______ in the world .
A places of interesting B. places of interest C. place of interests
D place of interesting
16 （2017，湖北）---Not only the young but also the old are getting interested ______ Hatcheck(微信）21cnjy.com
---They can communicate more freely .
A by B. about C.in D. for
考点12 borrow v.
考向1：borrow Pvt.借，借入，借用，常用短语borrow ....from....意为“向...借....”.21*cnjy*com
deg : Could I borrow some money ?我可以借些钱吗？
考向2： 辨析borrow, lend 和keep
borrow
借入
borrow eth. from someplace
borrow eth.from Sb
May I borrow your pen ?我可以借用你的钢笔吗？
lend
借出
lend Sb. eth
lend eth. to Sb.
I lent it to Lucy yesterday..我昨天将它借给露西了。
keep
借用一段时间
keep eth. for +一段时间
You can keep the books for two weeks . 你可以借这本书两星期。
考向3：borrow 的反义词 return 归还
◆考点突破
(2017,济南） ----Could I _____ your iPad , Alice ?
---Of course . Here you are .
A lend B. keep C. borrow D. return
◆情态动词should , could 用法
should 意为“应该”，用于各种人称，表示根据常理认为是对的事或应该去做的事。
Cg: We should be polite to our teachers . 我们应该对我们的老师礼貌。
could 的用法
表示具有某种能力，意为“能；会”，could 表过去的能力.
deg: She could swim when she she was four year old. 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
表示请求某人做某事，意为“能，能够”（用could 语气更委婉，但是回答时要还原成can / can’t )【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
deg : ---Could you tell me where the bank is ?你能告诉我银行在哪里吗？
--- Yes, I can . 是的，我能。
◆考点突破
（2017?广东）To keep children safe , we _____ put the things like knives and medicine away in our house.
A may B. should C. can D. might
（2017?苏州）Dogs ______ run through soccer games at the park . It’s dangerous!
A should B. shouldn’t C. need D. needn’t
3.—— Could I watch TV now , Mom ?
——No, you _______.
A won’t B. couldn’t C. can’t D. needn’t
◆常用的动词词组的用法。
考点1 动词词组的构成
动词+副词 :常见的有take off , write down , hand in , fix up 等。这类动词语组的宾语如果 是名词，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在动词和副词中间。
deg : Hand in your homework . 把你的作业交上来。
Hand it in . 把它交上来。
2 动词+介词：常见的有ask for , care about , look for, look after , laugh at , hear of , lead to , wait for 等 。 2·1·c·n·j·y
3 动词+名词 :常见的有 have fun , lake place 等 。这类动词词组用作不及物动词。
This story took place three years ago. 我个故事发生在三年前。
4 动词+副词+介词：常见的有look don upon , go on with , add up to , catch up with , do well in , run out of 等 。
5 动词+名词+介词：常见的有 take care of , pay attention to 等 。
考点2 常考的动词词组
belong to 属于 begin with 以....开始 be used for 被用来 be used to 习惯于 be interested in 对....感兴趣 be supposed to 被期望；应该 be made in 在....生产或制造
come true 实现 cheer up 使高兴起来 come out 花开；发芽；出现；出来；出版；发表 come over 过来；顺便来访 come on 来吧；加油；赶快 clean up 把....打扫干净 come up with 提出；想出
do one’s homework 做作业 do one’s best 尽某人最大努力 do some reading 阅读 dream of 梦想
get on 上车 dress up 装扮 get to 到达 get off 下车 get on with 与.....相处融洽 get married 结婚 give out 分发 give away 赠送 give up 放弃
have a look 看一看 have a rest 休息 have dinner 吃晚餐 have a rest 休息 have a cold 感冒 have a good time 过得愉快 have a headache 头痛
look for 寻找 look out 留神；注意 look up 向上看， 抬头看；查阅 look after 照顾，照看 look at 看；观看 look like 看起来看 look the same 看起来一样 look forward to 盼望；期待
make friends 交朋友 make phone calls 打电话 make a noise 吵闹 make room for 给....腾出地方 make a decision 做出决定 make a mistake 犯错误 make a living 谋生 make progress 取得进步
put on 上演；穿上； put up 挂起；兴起 put down 把....放下来 put away 把....收起来 put out 扑灭；熄灭 pick up 捡起 pass on 传递 pay for 为...付款
Take off 脱掉；起飞 take photos 照相 take out 取出 take a seat 坐下 take part in 参加 take care of 照顾；照料 take exercise 做运动 take one’s place 坐某人的位置，代替某人的职务 take turns 依次，轮流 talk about 谈话；交谈 turn on 打开（电灯，收音机、煤气、自来水等 ） turn off 关闭（电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等 ） turn up 调高音量 turn down 调低音量；拒绝 turn ....over ...把.....翻过来 think of 认为；想起 think about 考虑
◆考点突破
4（2017?黄冈）——_______these past three years , which teacher will you miss most ?
——Mr. Jingo . He’s helped me a lot .
A．Looking back at B. Looking for C. Looking through D. Looking after
5.（2017?德阳）——It’s too hot in the room .
——You’re supposed to ______ your coat .
A go off B take of f C. turn off D. put off
（2017?南充）---Many young people usually offer their seats to the old on the bus .
----That’s good . The old should be _______.
A looked for B. listened to C. depended on D. cared for
（2017?安徽）Our geography teacher told us to ______ more information about our city and share it next week .
A find out B. keep away C. turn off D use up
（2017?兰州）How noisy it is ! Could you please _______ the CD player a little ?
A turn off B. turn down C. turn on D. make up
一．选择题
1.（2017?天津） —Sally is my best friend. She is always there whenever I’m _______21·世纪*教育网
. —Yeah. A friend in need is a friend indeed .
A.in order B.in trouble
C.in public D.in fact
（2017?广安）—I failed my driving test again .
—Don’t _______ . Keep trying and you’ll pass it .
A.put up B.give up
C.tidy up D.look up
（2017?营口）— Dad , shall I do my homework tomorrow ?
— Better not , dear . Don’t ______ what you can do today till tomorrow .
put on B.put off
C.put out D.put up
（2017?南充）—I know Old Joe lives _______. ? — We are supposed to visit him from time to time . Then , he won’t feel _____.
alone, alone B. lonely; lonely C. lonely , alone D. alone ; lonely
（2017?乌鲁木齐）_____ teenagers are becoming the “Heads-down Tribe(低头族)”. It’s _____bad.
A Too many ; much too B. Too much ; much too
C Much too ; too much D. too much
---Where is Xi’s Family Garden (习家池）？
----It _____ 5 km south to the Old City of Inyanga www.21-cn-jy.com
A.lies B. lives C. lays D lists
---Nick is not at school . _______?
---He has a cold .
Who’s that B. What’s the matter C. How old is he D. How much is it www-2-1-cnjy-com
（2017?丹东）--How does your brother go to school?
---He _____ ride a bike , but now he _______there to keep fit .
A used to ; is used to walk B. used to ; is used to walking
C was used to ; is used to walking D. used to; is used to walk
9.(2017?兰州） Do you think _____acceptable for a group of women to dance to loud music on the square near your house ?
A it B. that C. this D. its
10. I have a ______ and I should go to the dentist and get _____ X-ray .
A toothache ; a B. eyeteeth ; an C. toothache ; an
11 . ---Are we going to have a sports meeting on Friday , Li Ping ?
--- No, it’ll be _____ till next week because of the bad weather .
A put out B. put on C. put away D. put off
12 ---What’s the matter _____ you ?
--- I’m not feeling _______.
A with ; well B. about ; good C. with ; good . 21教育网
13 . Last year was a hard time for my friend Jim , but he didn’t ______ hope . 21·cn·jy·com
A stay up B. take up C. give up
14 . Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind _____ risks .
A to take B. taking C. to taking
15 If you cut _____ by accident , you can put some ______ on the cut .
A you ; medicine B. yourself ; medicine C. yourself ; medicines
16 . Please stay here with me . I don’t want to be at home ______ . If so , I will feel _______ . 21*cnjy*com
A alone ; alone B. lonely ; alone C. alone , lonely
17 . Now the police are ______ the criminals . We needn’t worry about it .
A in control of B. in the control of C. in a control of
18 . When I saw the look of ______ on my mother’s face , I was really happy .
A joy B. anger C. sadness
19 . Never ______ and your dream will come true .
A give away B. give up C. give out D. give back
20 . My English teacher is both loving and strict , like a mother to me . She makes a big ______ to my life .
A difference B. different C differently
21 . Jenny _____ her mother and they are both like little animals .
A takes care B. looks after C. takes after
22. Look! A _____ man is crossing the street . He can’t see. Let’s go and help him .
A rich B. blind C. poor
23 . The government is going to ______ many schools in the western part of China .
A set up B. stay up C. get up
24 .---My God ! My bicycle is broken .
--- Don’t worry . Let me _____ for you .
A put it up B. fix it up C. fix up it
25 . The boy found that he had ______ answering the question. He felt very sad .
A difficulty B. decision C. preparation
26 . ---Can you visit the patient in the hospital with me ______ you are free ?
---- Sure , I ‘d like to .
A so B. unless C. if
27 . Mr jumped into the river to save the boy without ______ twice .
A think B. thinking C to think
28 . _____ of the students wants to take part in the activity to help the poor children .
A Every B. Each C. Both
29 . ----We should be good to the animals
---- ________ . They are human’s friends .
You’re welcome B. I’m sorry C. You are right .
30 It’s time for TV news . Please _______
turn on it B. turn it on C. turn off it D. turn it off
第十一讲 八年级下 Units1--2
stomach (n.) → stomachache (n.) 胃痛；腹痛
foot (n.) → feet (pl.) 脚
own (adj. ) → owner (n.) 拥有者
break (v.) → broken (adj.) 破损的
train (v.) →training (n.) 训练
kind (n. adj. ) → kindness (n.) 善良
climb(v.) →climber (n. ) 爬山者
strong (adj.) →weak(反义词）虚弱的
feel (v. ) →feeling (n.)情感→ felt (过去式）感觉
tooth (n.)→ teeth (pl.) 牙→ toothache (n.) 牙痛
satisfy(v.)→satisfaction(n.) 满意
difficult (adj.) → difficulty(n.)困难
lie (v.)→ lied (过去式） 说谎→lay(过去式）躺→ lying(过去分词）
die(v.)→death(n.)死亡
our(pron.) → ourselves (反身代词）我们自已
knife(n.) → knives (pl.)小刀
mean(v.)→meant (过去式）意思→meant (过去分词)
understand(v.) → understood (过去式）理解，明白→understood (过去分词）
her (pron.) → herself（反身代词）她自已
hit(v.) →hit (过去式）击，打→hit (过去分词）
important(adj.) →importance (n.)重要性
sick(adj.)→ill( 同义词）
decide(v.) →decision (n.)决定
1.胃痛 have a stomachache
2 躺下 lie down
3 量体温 take one’s temperature
4 发烧 have a fever
休息 take breaks /take a break
下车 get off
使.....惊讶的；出乎.....意料 to one’s surprise
陷入；参与get into
习惯于....适应于.... be used to
冒险 take risks / take a risk
用尽；耗尽 run out (of)
切除 cut off
离开；从....出来 get out of
掌管；管理 be in control of
放弃 give up
打扫(或清除）干净 clean up
（使) 变得更高兴；振奋起来 cheer up
分发；散发 give out
想出；提 出 come up with
推迟 put off
分好 hand out
打电话给（某人）；征召 call up
照顾；非常喜欢 care for
参加.......选拔；试用 try out
修理；装饰 fix up
赠送；捐赠 give away
（外貌或行为）像 take after
建起；设立 set up
影响；有作用 make a difference
决定 make a decision
31 喝加蜂蜜的热茶 drink some hot tea with honey
32 由于/多亏 thanks to
同时 at the same time
◆考点1.What’s the matter ?怎么了？
考向1：用来询问对方遇到的麻烦事，医生和护士询问病人也常用此句。与with 连用，构成What’s the matter with ...? ...怎么了？
考向2：[易错]
①What’s the matter with ...?中matter 为名词所以前面用“the”
② What’s wrong with ....?中wrong 为形容词，所以不能加the .
考向3：matter v.要紧，关系重大
Cg: ---Does it matter if I am late ? 如果我迟到这要紧吗？
----It doesn’t matter . 不要紧
◆考点突破
（２０１6，山东）---Tony, what’s ______ matter with you?
----I have _____ toothache .
A a; the B. the ; a C. /; the D the ; /
[答案]B
[解析]：此题为情景交际题。What’s the matter with ...? ....怎么了？ have a toothache 牙疼21教育网
◆考点2 lie v.
deg: There is a dog lying in the street . 有一条狗躺在街上。
考向：辨析lie 的各个含义
lie v. 躺， 位于
Lay- lain - lying
You should lie down.你应该躺下。
lie v. 说谎
lied - lied - lying
He often lies . 他经常说谎。
lie n. 谎言
lies (复数）
He often tells lies . 他经常说谎。
[拓展]lay v. 下蛋，放置
deg : The hens lay a lot of eggs every day . 母鸡每天下很多蛋。
Please lay the table before the dinner 饭前请放桌子 。
◆考点突破
Look, there is a wallet _______ on he playground . 2·1·c·n·j·y
A lie B. lying C. lay D. lain
[答案]B
[解析] 本题采用语法分析法。There be ...doing eth .为固定句式。
（2015，广东）I found a letter _______ on the floor when I came into the classroom .
A lying B. lay C. lie D. lies
[答案] A
[解析]find Sb. Doing eth . 发现某人做某事。Lay 放置，下蛋，及物动词。此处没有宾语所以排除B。lie 躺，是不及物动词，现在分词为lying .
◆考点3 trouble n.
deg: Teenagers always have a lot of trouble in school life . 有学校生活方面青少年总是有许多烦恼。
考向1：关于trouble 的固定搭配
①have trouble with eth.在某方面有困难
②have trouble (in) doing eth .在做某方面有困难
deg: We have trouble getting staff. 我们在招聘雇员方面有困难。
同义搭配：have problems with/doing eth /have difficulty with /doing eth .
考向2： 关于trouble 的词组
①get into trouble 陷入困境
②be in trouble 处于困境
③get sb. into trouble 使某人陷入困境
◆考点突破
（2017,山东）---I have great ________ in finishing the work by myself . Could you help me ?
-----No problem .
A fun B. success C. advice D. difficulty
[答案] D
[解析] 考查名词的含义和固定短语的用法。 fun 是“开心，快乐”，success 是“成功”， advice 是“建议”，difficulty是“困难”，句意“---我靠我自己来完成这项工作有很大的困难，你能帮助我吗？ ---没问题。”have difficulty in doing eth 。 意为“做某事遇到了困难”。
(2017,福州） ----Jack , I have _____ working out the math problem .
----Don’t worry . Let me help you .
A fun B. trouble C. experience
[答案]B
[解析] 考查固定搭配have trouble doing eth
考点4 hit v.
考向1： hit 的变形： hit-hit-hit-hitting
考向2：hit的用法
deg: Someone got hit on the head 有人头部受到碰撞了。
hit Sb. /eth. With eth. 用某物击打某人/物
deg: He hit the nail squarely on the head with the hammer . 他用锤子正对着钉子敲下去。
hit sth. on/against eth. 把某物撞到某物
deg : He hit his head on the low ceiling . 他的头碰到了低矮的天花板。
hit n. 打， 击
deg : Give it a good hit . 用力打它一下。
考向3：
[拓展] 辨析hit , knock
hit
碰撞，撞击，尤指造成损伤
The boy was hit by a car . 男孩被一辆车撞了。
knock
敲，击，碰，撞，把....撞成某种状态
Someone had knocked a hole in the wall . 有人在墙上打了个洞。
◆考点突破
When I see a snake , shall I hit it ______ the head _____ a stick ?
A by ; by B. on ; by C. on ; with D. by ; with
[答案] C
[解析] 考查固定搭配hit eth. on the head with eth.
考点5 breathe v.
考向1： 辨析 breathe , breath , breathing
breathe
动词
呼吸，呼气
It’s healthy to breathe deeply in the morning .早上做深呼吸对身体有益。
breath
名词
呼吸，呼气
He has run himself our of breath 他跑得上气不接下气。
breathing
名词
连续呼吸的动作
Her breathing became steady and she fell asleep . 她的呼吸变得均匀，便睡着了。
考向2：归纳
breathe 的常用词组
breathe in 吸入 breathe out 呼出
breathe freely again 平静下来，松一口气
breathe deeply 深呼吸
breath 的常用词组
catch/hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
lose one’s breath/out of breath 喘不过气来
take a deep breath 深呼吸
◆考点突破
When the player finished running , he was out of ______.
A breathe B. breathing C. breath D. the breath
[答案]C
[解析] 此题采用固定搭配法。out of breath 喘不过气来。
考点6 be in control of
考向1：be in control “掌管，管理”，=be in charge of /be responsible for
考向2：辨析in control /charge of , in the control /charge of
in control /charge of
表被动
A is in control /charge of B. A控制/管理B.
He is in control /charge of the factory .
in the control / charge
表被动
A is in the control /charge of B. A被B所控制、管理
He is in the control/charge of the boss.
◆考点突破
（2017，湖北）It(the one-child policy) has worked well in _______(control) China’s population .
[答案] controlling
[解析] work well in doing eth 在做某事方面有很好的作用，control的现在分词的写法需双写l .
考点7 give up
deg: Don’t give up and you will succeed 别放弃，你会成功的。
考向1： 后接名词或动词-ING 形式作宾语，如果代词作give up 的宾语则要放在give 与up 之间。
deg : His mother didn’t give up trying to help him.
他妈妈没有放弃尽力帮助他。
考向2： 与give 有关的短语：
give away
赠送，泄露
Don’t give away the secret .这项机密不可泄露。
give in
上交，屈服
He refused to give in to old age . 他不服老。
give out
分发，用完
Give out the examination papers .
give off
散出，放出
Chemical changes give off energy . 化学变化释放能量。
◆考点突破
（2017，山东）---What are you packing so many books for , Grandma?
---- I’ll _____ to the kids in West China .
A give them up B. give them away
C give them off D. give them in
[答案] B
[解析] 采用固定短语辨析法。 考查动词短语的辨析。句意：--奶奶，你为什么打包这以多书？--我将捐赠给中国西部的孩子们。 give up 放弃；give away 捐赠 ; give off 发出； give in 屈服. 由上句打包很多书可推知是把书捐赠给中国西部的孩子们。 2-1-c-n-j-y
(2017,贵州）You must ask your father to give up s ______ , because he always coughs day and night . 【出处：21教育名师】
[答案] smoking
[解析] 考查give up doing eth . 的用法。
考点8 clean up
deg : Chinese people clean up their houses before the Chinese New Year . 春节前，中国人打扫干净他们的房子。 【版权所有：21教育】
考向1： clean up 是由“动词(v.) +副词（adv.）”构成的短语动词，其加宾词的特点是：动词、副词构成短语，名词宾语。 副词前后都可以，代词宾语，见到副词向前提。 21*cnjy*com
deg : The room is dirty . Please clean it up . 房间很脏，请把它打扫干净。
考向2 归纳中考高频up 短语
wake up 醒来，使清醒 hurry up 快点 fix up 修补 mix up 混淆，搅和 keep up 保持，继续 end up 结束 look up 查找，抬头 set up 开办， 建立 pick up 捡起，用车接，收听 put up 举起，升起 send up 发射 show up 出现，露面 take up 开始，从事，占用 turn up 声音调大，到场 make up 组成，编造 give up 放弃 add up 加起来，合计 eat up 吃完
◆考点突破
（2017，湖南） When he saw a wallet on the ground , he _______ at once .
A picked it up B. gave it up C. picked up it
[答案] A
[解析] 句意：当他看到地上有一个钱包时，他立刻捡了起来。pick up 捡起，拾起来；give up 放弃。 动副短语，若代词作宾语，要放在动词和副词之间。
（2017，福州）---Tony is still in bed . He may miss the school bus .
---Last night he _______ late to write the report of his survey .
A stayed up B woke up C. got up
[答案] A
[解析] 考查含有up 的短语辨析。stay up 熬夜 wake up 唤醒 get up 起床 由句意可知他昨夜熬夜写调查报告，故答案为A。
考点9 imagine v.
考向1：imagine 名词，意为“图像，影像，雕像”，imagination 名词，“想象力，幻想物”。
考向2：imagine 一般用作及物名词，意为“想象，设想，料想”。
?
◆考点突破
13 （2017，石家庄）The young man man looked at the beautiful flowers , _____ how happy he could be if he lived in such a beautiful place .
[答案] imagining
[解析] 现在分词作状语。通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。
考点10 raise
deg : Our class tried to raise money for the sick kids in the hospital . 我们班努力为医院里生病的孩子们筹钱。
考向1 raise 和rise 的区别
raise
提升；提起；举起（人为的；及物）
raised
raised
He raised his arms above his head . 他把手臂举过头顶 。
rise
升起；上升（自身；不及物）
rose
risen
The sun rises in the east 太阳从东方升起。
考向2： raise 常见搭配
raise money 筹钱
raise money 筹钱
raise one’s voice 提高声音
◆考点突破
14 Since then the popularity of basketball ______ (rise) worldwide .
[答案] has risen
[解析] since then “自那之后” ; since 后加表时间的词短语是现在完成时的标志。 www-2-1-cnjy-com
考点11 interest v. &n.
考向1：interest 的不同词性、变形及用法。
interest
名词
兴趣，关注，利益
Show/take/have interest in doing eth “对做....表现出/有兴趣
She showed great interest in your plan. 她对你的计划很有兴趣。
interest
动词
使感兴趣，使关注
①interest Sb. “使某人感兴趣
Math doesn’t interest him.
②interest Sb. (in) doing eth “使某人在做某事方面感兴趣”
He tried to interest me in buying the house. 他尽力说服我买这房子
interested
形容词
感兴趣的
①be interested in eth “对....感兴趣”
I am interested in English .
②be interested in doing eth 对做某事感兴趣。
He is interested in playing football.
interesting
形容词
使人感兴趣的
The book is very interesting . 这本书很有趣。
考向2 interest 作名词构成的短语
take interest in 对.....感兴趣
places of interest 名胜古迹
◆考点突破
15 （2017，四川) David visited lots of ______ in the world .
A places of interesting B. places of interest C. place of interests
D place of interesting
[答案] B
[解析]?考查lots of 的用法和固定短语和复数名词，place 是可数名词，可排除C,D两项，places of interest 意为“名胜”，是固定短语。
16 （2017，湖北）---Not only the young but also the old are getting interested ______ Hatcheck(微信）21·世纪*教育网
---They can communicate more freely .
A by B. about C.in D. for
[答案] C
[解析] 考查固定搭配。be(get) interested in 为固定短语，意为“对.....感兴趣“，符合句意”---不仅年轻人而且老年人对微信都感兴趣。---
（利用微信）他们可以更自由地交流。”
考点12 borrow v.
考向1：borrow Pvt.借，借入，借用，常用短语borrow ....from....意为“向...借....”.21*cnjy*com
deg : Could I borrow some money ?我可以借些钱吗？
考向2： 辨析borrow, lend 和keep
borrow
借入
borrow eth. from someplace
borrow eth.from Sb
May I borrow your pen ?我可以借用你的钢笔吗？
lend
借出
lend Sb. eth
lend eth. to Sb.
I lent it to Lucy yesterday..我昨天将它借给露西了。
keep
借用一段时间
keep eth. for +一段时间
You can keep the books for two weeks . 你可以借这本书两星期。
考向3：borrow 的反义词 return 归还
◆考点突破
(2017,济南） ----Could I _____ your iPad , Alice ?
---Of course . Here you are .
A lend B. keep C. borrow D. return
[答案] C
[解析] 考查动词辨析。lend “借给”；keep “借用(若干时间）” borrow “借用” return “归还“。问句句意：爱丽丝，我可以借用你的iPad吗？21教育名师原创作品
◆情态动词should , could 用法
should 意为“应该”，用于各种人称，表示根据常理认为是对的事或应该去做的事。
Cg: We should be polite to our teachers . 我们应该对我们的老师礼貌。
could 的用法
表示具有某种能力，意为“能；会”，could 表过去的能力.
deg: She could swim when she she was four year old.
表示请求某人做某事，意为“能，能够”（用could 语气更委婉，但是回答时要还原成can / can’t )
deg : ---Could you tell me where the bank is ?你能告诉我银行在哪里吗？21·cn·jy·com
--- Yes, I can . 是的，我能。
◆考点突破
（2017?广东）To keep children safe , we _____ put the things like knives and medicine away in our house.
A may B. should C. can D. might
【答案】B
【解析】根据语境可知，为了保持孩子们安全，我们应该把刀和药在我们家里收起来。故选C.
（2017?苏州）Dogs ______ run through soccer games at the park . It’s dangerous!
A should B. shouldn’t C. need D. needn’t
【答案】B
【解析】因后句说它是危险的，固前句狗不应该在公园足球比赛中跑。
3.—— Could I watch TV now , Mom ?
——No, you _______.
A won’t B. couldn’t C. can’t D. needn’t
【答案】C
【解析】could 表请求的答语用can .
◆常用的动词词组的用法。
考点1 动词词组的构成
动词+副词 :常见的有take off , write down , hand in , fix up 等。这类动词语组的宾语如果 是名词，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在动词和副词中间。
deg : Hand in your homework . 把你的作业交上来。
Hand it in . 把它交上来。
2 动词+介词：常见的有ask for , care about , look for, look after , laugh at , hear of , lead to , wait for 等 。
3 动词+名词 :常见的有 have fun , lake place 等 。这类动词词组用作不及物动词。
This story took place three years ago. 我个故事发生在三年前。
4 动词+副词+介词：常见的有look don upon , go on with , add up to , catch up with , do well in , run out of 等 。
5 动词+名词+介词：常见的有 take care of , pay attention to 等 。
考点2 常考的动词词组
belong to 属于 begin with 以....开始 be used for 被用来 be used to 习惯于 be interested in 对....感兴趣 be supposed to 被期望；应该 be made in 在....生产或制造
come true 实现 cheer up 使高兴起来 come out 花开；发芽；出现；出来；出版；发表 come over 过来；顺便来访 come on 来吧；加油；赶快 clean up 把....打扫干净 come up with 提出；想出
do one’s homework 做作业 do one’s best 尽某人最大努力 do some reading 阅读 dream of 梦想
get on 上车 dress up 装扮 get to 到达 get off 下车 get on with 与.....相处融洽 get married 结婚 give out 分发 give away 赠送 give up 放弃
have a look 看一看 have a rest 休息 have dinner 吃晚餐 have a rest 休息 have a cold 感冒 have a good time 过得愉快 have a headache 头痛
look for 寻找 look out 留神；注意 look up 向上看， 抬头看；查阅 look after 照顾，照看 look at 看；观看 look like 看起来看 look the same 看起来一样 look forward to 盼望；期待
make friends 交朋友 make phone calls 打电话 make a noise 吵闹 make room for 给....腾出地方 make a decision 做出决定 make a mistake 犯错误 make a living 谋生 make progress 取得进步
put on 上演；穿上； put up 挂起；兴起 put down 把....放下来 put away 把....收起来 put out 扑灭；熄灭 pick up 捡起 pass on 传递 pay for 为...付款
Take off 脱掉；起飞 take photos 照相 take out 取出 take a seat 坐下 take part in 参加 take care of 照顾；照料 take exercise 做运动 take one’s place 坐某人的位置，代替某人的职务 take turns 依次，轮流 talk about 谈话；交谈 turn on 打开（电灯，收音机、煤气、自来水等 ） turn off 关闭（电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等 ） turn up 调高音量 turn down 调低音量；拒绝 turn ....over ...把.....翻过来 think of 认为；想起 think about 考虑
◆考点突破
4（2017?黄冈）——_______these past three years , which teacher will you miss most ?
——Mr. Jingo . He’s helped me a lot .
A．Looking back at B. Looking for C. Looking through D. Looking after
【答案】A
【解析】句意：回首这三看来，你最想念哪个老师。Look back at 回想... look for 寻找look through 浏览 look after 照顾 故选A
5.（2017?德阳）——It’s too hot in the room .
——You’re supposed to ______ your coat .
A go off B take of f C. turn off D. put off
【答案】B
【解析】句意：----屋里太热了。---你应该脱掉你的外套。 go off 响起 take off 脱下，起飞 turn off 关闭 put off 推迟
（2017?南充）---Many young people usually offer their seats to the old on the bus .
----That’s good . The old should be _______.
A looked for B. listened to C. depended on D. cared for
【答案】D
【解析】句意：许多年轻人通常在公车上给老年人让坐。 那是好的。老年人应该被照顾。
（2017?安徽）Our geography teacher told us to ______ more information about our city and share it next week .
A find out B. keep away C. turn off D use up
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们地理老师告诉我们找出更多关于城市的信息并且下周分享它。
（2017?兰州）How noisy it is ! Could you please _______ the CD player a little ?
A turn off B. turn down C. turn on D. make up
【答案】B
【解析】句意：真吵！请你把CD 播放机调低一点好吗？
一．选择题
1.（2017?天津） —Sally is my best friend. She is always there whenever I’m _______21世纪教育网版权所有
. —Yeah. A friend in need is a friend indeed .
A.in order B.in trouble
C.in public D.in fact
【答案】B
【解析】句意：Sally是我最好的朋友。无论何时我有困难她总是在那里。 in trouble 处于困境中。
（2017?广安）—I failed my driving test again .
—Don’t _______ . Keep trying and you’ll pass it .
A.put up B.give up
C.tidy up D.look up
【答案】B
【解析】句意：--我驾驶证考试又没通过。--别放弃，一直坚持并且你会通过的。 put up 张贴 give up 放弃 tidy up 打扫 look up 查阅
（2017?营口）— Dad , shall I do my homework tomorrow ?
— Better not , dear . Don’t ______ what you can do today till tomorrow .
put on B.put off
C.put out D.put up
【答案】B
【解析】句意：--爸爸，我可以明天做作业吗？---最好不要，亲爱的。不要把今天的事情推到明天去做。put on 穿上 put off 推迟 put out 熄灭 put up 张贴
（2017?南充）—I know Old Joe lives _______. ? — We are supposed to visit him from time to time . Then , he won’t feel _____.
alone, alone B. lonely; lonely C. lonely , alone D. alone ; lonely 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
【答案】D
【解析】alone是客观 lonely 是主观 句意：---我知道Joe单独居住。---我们应该偶尔看望他。然后，他不会感到孤独。
（2017?乌鲁木齐）_____ teenagers are becoming the “Heads-down Tribe(低头族)”. It’s _____bad.
A Too many ; much too B. Too much ; much too
C Much too ; too much D. too much
【答案】A
【解析】too many 修饰可数名词复数 too much 修饰不可数名词 much too 修饰形容词或副词 句意：太多的青少年正变成低头族。这实在太糟糕了。
---Where is Xi’s Family Garden (习家池）？
----It _____ 5 km south to the Old City of Inyanga
A.lies B. lives C. lays D lists
【答案】A
【解析】根据答语可知位于城市南部5千米处。
---Nick is not at school . _______?
---He has a cold .
Who’s that B. What’s the matter C. How old is he D. How much is it
【答案】B
【解析】根据答语他感冒了，固问怎么了？
（2017?丹东）--How does your brother go to school?
---He _____ ride a bike , but now he _______there to keep fit .
A used to ; is used to walk B. used to ; is used to walking
C was used to ; is used to walking D. used to; is used to walk
【答案】B
【解析】你的弟弟怎么上学？ 他过去常常骑车子，但现在习惯走着去来保持健康。used to do eth 过去常常做某事。be used to doing ht .习惯做某事21cnjy.com
9.(2017?兰州） Do you think _____acceptable for a group of women to dance to loud music on the square near your house ?【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A it B. that C. this D. its
【答案】A
【解析】考查think it adj.for Sb to to do eth 固定搭配。
10. I have a ______ and I should go to the dentist and get _____ X-ray .
A toothache ; a B. eyeteeth ; an C. toothache ; an
【答案】C
【解析】have a toothache 牙痛，固定搭配 get an X-ray 拍X光片
11 . ---Are we going to have a sports meeting on Friday , Li Ping ?
--- No, it’ll be _____ till next week because of the bad weather .
A put out B. put on C. put away D. put off
【答案】D
【解析】put out 熄灭 put on 穿上 put away 把...收起来 put off 推迟 根据句意由于坏的天气它将推迟到下周。www.21-cn-jy.com
12 ---What’s the matter _____ you ?
--- I’m not feeling _______.
A with ; well B. about ; good C. with ; good .
【答案】A
【解析】What’s the matter with Sb 固定搭配 ; 指身体好用well
13 . Last year was a hard time for my friend Jim , but he didn’t ______ hope .
A stay up B. take up C. give up
【答案】C
【解析】根据句意：去年对我的朋友 Jim 来说是个困难的时刻，但他没有放弃希望。
14 . Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind _____ risks .
A to take B. taking C. to taking
【答案】B
【解析】固定搭配mind doing eth
15 If you cut _____ by accident , you can put some ______ on the cut .
A you ; medicine B. yourself ; medicine C. yourself ; medicines
【答案】B
【解析】cut oneself 固定搭配 medicine 不可数名词,固选B
16 . Please stay here with me . I don’t want to be at home ______ . If so , I will feel _______ .
A alone ; alone B. lonely ; alone C. alone , lonely
【答案】C
【解析】alone 是客观 , lonely 是主观 be at home alone 是客观，feel lonely 是主观，固选C
17 . Now the police are ______ the criminals . We needn’t worry about it .
A in control of B. in the control of C. in a control of
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配 be in control of
18 . When I saw the look of ______ on my mother’s face , I was really happy .
A joy B. anger C. sadness
【答案】A
【解析】根据句意，我是开心的，固看到我的妈妈脸上愉悦的表情。Joy 开心，愉悦 anger 愤怒 sadness 悲伤
19 . Never ______ and your dream will come true .
A give away B. give up C. give out D. give back
【答案】B
【解析】句意：从不放弃，你的梦想就会实现。give away 赠与 give up 放弃 give out 分发 give back 归还
20 . My English teacher is both loving and strict , like a mother to me . She makes a big ______ to my life .
A difference B. different C differently
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配make a big difference to ...对...有很大的影响
21 . Jenny _____ her mother and they are both like little animals .
A takes care B. looks after C. takes after
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定短语 take care 照看，照顾 look after照看，照顾 take after 看起来像
22. Look! A _____ man is crossing the street . He can’t see. Let’s go and help him .
A rich B. blind C. poor
【答案】B
【解析】句意：看，一个盲人在过马路。他不能看到，咱们去帮帮他。
23 . The government is going to ______ many schools in the western part of China .
A set up B. stay up C. get up
【答案】A
【解析】句意:政府将要在中国西部建许多学校。 set up 建立 stay up 熬夜 get up 起床
24 .---My God ! My bicycle is broken .
--- Don’t worry . Let me _____ for you .
A put it up B. fix it up C. fix up it
【答案】B
【解析】 句意：我的自行车坏了，不要担心。让我来帮你修理它。 fix up 修理，接代词放中间。
25 . The boy found that he had ______ answering the question. He felt very sad .
A difficulty B. decision C. preparation
【答案】A
【解析】固定搭配 have difficulty doing sth 做某事有困难
26 . ---Can you visit the patient in the hospital with me ______ you are free ?
---- Sure , I ‘d like to .
A so B. unless C. if
【答案】C
【解析】考查连词用法 . 句意：如果你有空你能和我去看医院里的病人吗？
27 . Mr jumped into the river to save the boy without ______ twice .
A think B. thinking C to think
【答案】B
【解析】固定搭配 without thinking twice 不加思索
28 . _____ of the students wants to take part in the activity to help the poor children .
A Every B. Each C. Both
【答案】B
【解析】句意：每个学生都想参加这个活动来帮助穷困的孩子们。 every 重在整体 each 重在个体 both指两者都
29 . ----We should be good to the animals
---- ________ . They are human’s friends .
You’re welcome B. I’m sorry C. You are right .
【答案】C
【解析】根据句意 ：--我们应该对动物好。--你是对的。它们是人类的朋友。
30 It’s time for TV news . Please _______
turn on it B. turn it on C. turn off it D. turn it off
【答案】B
【解析】 句意：到新闻的时间了，请打开它。 turn on 是动副短语，代词放中间. 固选B
