Module 1 Europe Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading Pre-reading
The Eiffel Tower was built for the International Exhibition of Paris in 1889 in honor of the 100th anniversary (周年纪念) of the French Revolution. The Prince of Wales, later King Edward of England, opened the tower. Of the 700 works in a design competition, Gustavo Eiffel’s was chosen. However, not everyone agreed with the choice and many people tried to stop its construction.
It was the world’s tallest building until 1930. During its lifetime, the Eiffel Tower has seen a few strange scenes, including being climbed by a mountaineer in 1954, being parachuted (跳伞) off in 1984 by two Englishmen, and being ridden down from the first level by a journalist on a bicycle in 1923. However, even if its birth was difficult, it is now completely accepted and must be listed as one of the symbols of Paris itself. The tower has three platforms (平台). The top platform has a bar and the office of Gustavo Eiffel. From its platforms — especially the highest — the view of Paris is wonderful. It is generally agreed that one hour before sunset, the view is at its best.
The Eiffel Tower at night is one of the greatest sights of Paris and shouldn’t be missed. The golden lights show the beauty of the steelwork in a way that can’t be seen in the daylight.
Section_ⅠIntroduction & Reading — Pre-reading
[原文呈现]
Great European Cities
PARIS
Paris is the capital and largest city of France, situated① on the River Seine②. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and is visited by more than③ eight million tourists every year. The most popular④ place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower⑤， the famous symbol⑥ of Paris⑦. One of the world’s largest art galleries⑧， the Louvre⑨， is also located⑩ in Paris. The city is also famous for? its restaurants, cafés and theatres. About two-thirds? of France’s artists and writers live in Paris.
BARCELONA?
Barcelona is the second largest city of Spain and is situated on the northeast coast, about five hundred kilometres east of the Spanish capital, Madrid. One of Barcelona’s most famous landmarks? is the Church of the Sagrada Familia?， which was designed by? an architect? called Antonio Gaudi?. Gaudi worked on? the project? from 1882 until his death in 1926. The church hasn’t been finished yet！
[读文清障]
①situated/'sIt?u?eItId/adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的(＝located)
be situated on/in/at位于……，坐落在……
②Seine/seIn/塞纳河(法国) ③more than多于；超过
④popular adj.受欢迎的 be popular with受……欢迎
⑤Eiffel Tower/?ɑIf?l'ta??(r)/埃菲尔铁塔
⑥symbol/'sImbl/n.象征；符号
⑦the famous symbol of Paris作the Eiffel Tower的同位语。
⑧gallery/'ɡ?l?ri/n.美术馆；画廊 ⑨Louvre/'lu?vr?/卢浮宫
⑩located/l??'keItId/adj.位于 ?be famous for因……而出名
?分数表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1时，分母用复数。
?Barcelona/?bɑ?s?l'??n?/巴塞罗那
?landmark/'l?nd?mɑ?k/n.标志性建筑
?Sagrada Familia/s?'ɡrɑ?d? f?'mi?li?/(西班牙)圣家大教堂
?be designed by 由……设计 be designed for专为……设计
?architect/'ɑ?kI?tekt/n.建筑师
?which ... 是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰the Church of ths Sagrada Familia，从句中过去分词短语called ...作后置定语，修饰an architect。
?work on 从事；致力于 ?project/'pr?d?ekt/n.计划；项目；工程
欧洲的大城市
巴黎
巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。它是世界上最美丽的城市之一，每年有超过800万名的游客前来参观。最受游客欢迎的旅游景点是埃菲尔铁塔，它是巴黎著名的象征。世界上最大的艺术馆之一——卢浮宫，也位于巴黎。这个城市也以餐馆、咖啡馆和剧院而闻名。法国约三分之二的艺术家和作家居住在巴黎。
巴塞罗那
巴塞罗那是西班牙的第二大城市，位于东北海岸线上，距离首都马德里东部约500公里。巴塞罗那最著名的标志性建筑之一是圣家大教堂，由建筑师安东尼奥·高迪设计。高迪从1882年起从事这项工程直至1926年逝世。教堂至今还未完工！
FLORENCE
Florence is an Italian city which became famousbecause of the Renaissance， a great artistic movement which began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years. During the Renaissance, some of the greatest painters of all time lived and worked in Florence. Many of Florence’s most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produced by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. Florence is visited each year by about a million tourists who come to see the art galleries, churches and museums. The Uffizi Palace is the most famous art gallery in the city.
ATHENS
Athens, the capital of Greece，is known as the birthplace of western civilisation. Two thousand four hundred years ago, it was the world’s most powerful city. Buildings such as the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hill were built during this period. Greece’s best writers lived in ancient Athens. Their work has influenced other writers ever since.
Florence/'fl?r?ns/佛罗伦萨
because of 因为；由于(后可接名词、代词或动名词)
the Renaissance 文艺复兴
定语从句which became famous修饰an Italian city；定语从句which began ... and lasted ...修饰a great artistic movement。两个which在从句中均作主语，不能省略。
of all time 有史以来 sculpture/'sk?lpt??/n.雕刻；泥塑
such as 例如；诸如……之类
who引导定语从句，修饰a million tourists，在从句中作主语，不能省略。
Uffizi Palace/ju?'fItsi'p?lIs/乌菲齐美术馆
Athens/'?θ?nz/雅典
the capital of Greece作Athens的同位语。
be known as ＝(be famous as)作为……而出名/闻名
birthplace/'b??θ?pleIs/n.发源地
civilisation/?sIv?laI'zeI?n/n.文明
Parthenon/'pɑ?θ?n?n/帕台农神庙
Acropolis/?'kr?p?lIs/雅典卫城 ancient/'eIn??nt/adj.古代的
work n．(艺术)作品常用复数works。 influence v．影响
ever since 自从……一直(与完成时连用)
佛罗伦萨
佛罗伦萨是一座因文艺复兴而闻名的意大利城市，文艺复兴这场伟大的艺术运动始于14世纪并且持续了300年。在文艺复兴时期，历史上一些最伟大的画家在佛罗伦萨生活和工作。佛罗伦萨许多最美的画作和雕像都出自像列奥纳多·达·芬奇和米开朗琪罗这样的艺术大师。佛罗伦萨每年大约有100万旅游者来访，他们都是来参观艺术馆、教堂和博物馆的。其中，乌菲齐美术馆是这个城市最著名的艺术长廊。
雅典
雅典是希腊的首都，作为西方文明的发源地而闻名于世。2400年前，它是世界上最强大的城市。一些诸如雅典卫城山上的帕台农神庙之类的建筑都是在这一时期建造的。希腊最优秀的作家就生活在古雅典城。他们的作品影响了后世的作家。
Pre-reading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．across A．n.文明
2．face B．n.象征；符号
3．range C．prep.横过；穿过
4．symbol D．vt.面向；面对
5．architect E．n.山脉
6．project F．n.建筑师
7．sculpture G．n.发源地
8．birthplace H．n.计划；项目；工程
9．civilisation I．n.雕刻；泥塑
10．ancient J．adj.古代的
1～5____________ 6～10____________
答案：1～5 CDEBF 6～10 HIGAJ
Lead-in
Do you know the landmarks’ names in the pictures? Which country does each of them belong to? Try to fill in the form.
Landmarks
A
B
C
D
Names
①________
②________
③________
④________
Cities
Paris
Athens
Florence
Barcelona
Countries
⑤________
Greece
⑥________
⑦________
答案：①The Eiffel Tower ②The Parthenon ③The Uffizi Palace ④The Sagrada Familia ⑤France ⑥Italy ⑦Spain
While-reading
Fast-reading
Read the text quickly and match the sentences.
1．Paris A．is known as the birthplace of western civilisation.
2．Barcelona B．is the capital and largest city in France.
3．Florence C．is the second largest city of Spain.
4．Athens D．is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance.
1～4____________
答案：1～4 BCDA
Careful-reading
(Ⅰ)True (T) or False (F)．
1．The Eiffel Tower is a tall building in France.__T__
2．There are a lot of restaurants and cafés in Paris.__T__
3．Barcelona is the capital of Spain.__F__
4．The church of the Sagrada Familia was built in 1926.__F__
5．The artistic movement called the Renaissance began in Florence.__T__
6．The Uffizi Palace is a famous hotel in Florence.__F__
(Ⅱ)Choose the best answers according to the text.
1．Which of the following is NOT the element (要素) to make Paris famous?
A．The Eiffel Tower.
B．The Louvre.
C．Its restaurants, cafés and theatres.
D．The artists and writers living in Paris.
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE about Barcelona?
A．It is the largest city of Spain.
B．It is the capital city of Spain.
C．The Church of the Sagrada Familia is one of the most famous landmarks of the city.
D．To finish the Church of the Sagrada Familia took the architect 20 years.
3．Florence is famous for many things EXCEPT ________.
A．the Renaissance
B．the landscape of the city
C．many great artists and their works
D．some art galleries, churches and museums
4．In which way mentioned in the text was Athens different from the other three cities?
A．It is the capital city and the birthplace of the civilisation.
B．Two thousand four hundred years ago, it was the world’s most powerful city.
C．There are many famous buildings in Athens.
D．Many writers living in Athens have influenced other writers with their work.
5．How many of the four cities mentioned in the text are capital cities?
A．One. B．Two.
C．Three. D．Four.
答案：1～5 DCBBB
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Barcelona is the second largest city of Spain and is situated on the northeast coast, about five hundred kilometres east of the Spanish capital, Madrid.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 巴塞罗那是西班牙的第二大城市，位于东北海岸线上，距离首都马德里东部约500公里。
2．One of Barcelona’s most famous landmarks is the Church of the Sagrada Familia, which was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 巴塞罗那最著名的标志性建筑之一是圣家大教堂，由建筑师安东尼奥·高迪设计。
3．Florence is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance, a great artistic movement which began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 佛罗伦萨是一座因文艺复兴而闻名的意大利城市，文艺复兴这场伟大的艺术运动始于14世纪并且持续了300年。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In Europe, many people make friends across the borders between their countries through town twinning. Town or city twinning means two towns in different countries agree and decide to become “twins” with sister city relationship.
Their citizens find pen friends in the twin town. They exchange newspapers and stamps. The school teachers discuss teaching methods with the teachers in the twin town. Officials visit the twin town for celebrations. Ordinary citizens travel to the twin town, too, but not very often if it is far away.
Sometimes, schools even exchange their classes for two or three weeks! For example, German middle school students study for a while at the school in their twin town in Britain, staying with British families. A few months later, their British friends come to study in Germany.
Some towns even arrange exchange visits for theatre groups, choirs (合唱团) and orchestras (管弦乐队). Others send lecturers to the twin town who tell the people there all about their own town, and show photos and slides.
Town twining can help make friends and motivate (促进) people to learn from each other. It helps students to improve their language skills, and it contributes to (有助于) strengthening peace and understanding between different nations.
语篇解读：本文讲的是在欧洲的一些城市与跨边界的城市结谊。对于这些姊妹城市来说，它们的居民通过各种方式彼此交流。城市之间彼此安排多种形式的活动以促进两个城市的共同发展。
1. Twin towns develop ________.
A．between European countries and China
B．in the English-speaking countries only
C．in the same country
D．between different countries in Europe
解析：选D 细节理解题。从第一段中“In Europe ... their countries through town twinning.”可以看出本文讲的是在欧洲的一些城市与跨边界的城市结谊，故选D。
2. One of the advantages of town twinning is ________.
A．to earn more money
B．to set up schools
C．to improve students’ language skills
D．to develop industry and agriculture
解析：选C 推理判断题。从最后一段中“Town twining can help ... understanding between different nations.”城市结谊可以帮助人们结识朋友，激励人们互相学习。它还有助于学生提高语言技能等等，可以推理判断出A、B、D不符合原文，故选C。
3．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Town Twinning
B．Friendly Towns
C．Exchange Teachers and Students
D．Peace and Understanding
解析：选A 标题归纳题。本文讲的是在欧洲的一些城市与跨边界的城市结谊。城市之间彼此安排多种形式的活动以促进两个城市的共同发展，从全文大意中可以选出最合适的标题，故选A。
B
As a boy growing up in India, I had longed to travel abroad. I used to listen to the stories my father would tell me about his stay in Canada and tours to Europe in the 1970s, with great interest.
My big moment finally came in the summer of 1998 when I was able to accompany my parents to Europe, where my father was to attend a meeting. We planned to travel to Belgium, Netherlands and West Germany.
I have vivid memories even today of going to Mumbai airport at night all excited about finally going abroad. I had heard several great things about Lufthansa till then but now I finally got to experience them first hand, during the flight to Frankfurt. We flew business class and even today I can remember the excellent service by the Lufthansa crew. The flight was really smooth and thoroughly enjoyable, even for someone like me, who is otherwise scared of flying.
After spending almost two weeks in Europe, we took the Lufthansa airport express from Dusseldorf to Frankfurt airport, for our return flight. What a journey that was! All along the Rhine (莱茵河), it was simply an unforgettable experience. I was in a sombre mood on the flight back to Mumbai as it marked the end of a wonderful vacation, but the Lufthansa crew members were able to change it into a most enjoyable experience yet again, with the quality of their service.
Being the first airline to take me overseas, Lufthansa will always hold a special place in my heart. Even today, I continue to enjoy flights on Lufthansa and simply cannot dream of choosing any other airline. Flying, in general, for me, has always been an ordeal (terrible and painful experience). Flying on Lufthansa, however, is something I always have and always will look forward to.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者给我们讲述了他第一次去欧洲的难忘旅行。
4．Which country does the author live in now?
A．India. B．Canada.
C．Belgium. D．Germany.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段首句以及最后一段“Being the first airline to take me overseas ...”可分析，作者生活的国度是在印度(India)。故选A。
5．Which of the following is TRUE about the author’s trip to Europe in 1998?
A．The author traveled with one of his parents.
B．Both their going and return are by air.
C．They traveled in spring that year.
D．They stayed in Europe for nearly two months.
解析：选B 细节理解题。A项错在与事实“和父母双亲一起去的”不符；C项错在与事实“他们是在夏季去的”不符；D项错在与事实“在欧洲待了两个星期”不符。B项与文章吻合，故选B。
6．It can be inferred from the passage that Lufthansa is ________.
A．a city in India B．a city in Europe
C．an airline company D．a travel agency
解析：选C 推理判断题。通过后三段内容不难看出，此为一家航空公司的名称(德国汉莎航空公司)。故选C。
7．The underlined word “somber” in the 4th paragraph probably means “_______”．
A．happy B．sad
C．angry D．enjoyable
解析：选B 词义猜测题。想到愉快的旅行就要结束，其心情自然不好，故选B项。根据后半句“但德国汉莎航空公司却以其高质量的服务使得’我’这一返程旅行转变为：“a most enjoyable experience”也可推知。
C
In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh (法老) treated the poor message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off.
Shades of that spirit spread over today’s conversations. Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. As we walked light-heartedly out the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, “Oh boy, bad day for a picnic. The weatherman says it’s going to rain.” I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, for his smile.
Several months ago I was racing to catch a bus. As I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Greyhound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile, “Oh, that bus left five minutes ago.”Dreams_of_head_cutting!
It’s not the news that makes someone angry. It’s the unsympathetic attitude with which it’s delivered. Everyone must give bad news from time to time, and winning professionals do it with the proper attitude. A doctor advising a patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. A boss informing an employee he didn’t get the job takes on a sympathetic tone. Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.
Unfortunately，many people are not aware of this. When you’re tired from a long flight，has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isn’t ready yet？When you had your heart set on the toast beef, has your waiter merrily told you that he just served the last piece？It makes you as traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces.
Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning. Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have said, “Oh，that’s all right. I’ll catch the next one.” Big winners, when they bear bad news, deliver bombs with the emotion the bombarded (被轰炸的) person is sure to have.
语篇解读：作者用法老对信使的态度引出下面的话题，给我们讲的是在给别人传递坏的消息的时候，要注意方式准确和得体的重要性。
8．In Paragraph 1, the writer tells the story of the pharaoh to ________.
A．make a comparison B．introduce a topic
C．describe a scene D．offer an argument
解析：选B 推理判断题。本文主要围绕“好消息使人高兴，坏消息令人气愤”来论述。所以第一段应该是作者用于引入主题的段子，故选B项。
9．In the writer’s opinion, his neighbor was ________.
A．friendly B．warm-hearted
C．not helpful D．not considerate
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“I wanted to strike him ... for his smile.”我想把花生酱和三明治拍到他的脸上。不是因为他愚蠢的天气预报，而是因为他的微笑。由此可知作者认为邻居不为别人考虑，没有同情心，故选D项。
10．From “Dreams of head-cutting！”(Paragraph 3)，we learn that the writer ________.
A．was mad at the sales agent
B．was reminded of the cruel pharaoh
C．wished that the sales agent would have bad dreams
D．dreamed of cutting the sales agent’s head that night
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段提到售票员是大笑着说，有幸灾乐祸的样子，所以作者很是恼火生气，但并非真的要砍她的头，故选A项。
11．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Helping others sincerely is the key to business success.
B．Delivering bad news properly is important in communication.
C．Receiving bad news requires great courage.
D．Learning ancient traditions can be useful.
解析：选B 主旨大意题。通读全文可以知道作者要给我们讲的是在给别人传递坏的消息的时候，要注意方式准确和得体的重要性，故选B项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Birth order plays a vital role in deciding the characteristics of a child. And when it comes to the middle child, it certainly plays a huge role. The middle children go through some things only they can understand. __1__
Mostly, middle children have to share a room. __2__ They need to share a room with an elder one because they’re too young to sleep alone. And just when they think they’ll finally have a room of their own, a voice is heard saying，“Dear, please share the room with your younger one, as he’s too small to sleep alone.”
Middle children tend to share clothes with their siblings (兄弟姐妹). Their cupboard is full of hand-me-downs from their older sibling, and they need to wear his clothes. __3__ They can always show off their elder sibling’s clothes and things at school. Also, they get to pass their own clothes to their younger sibling.
__4__ They’re liked by both, because they can relate well to both generations. On one hand they can recall how much fun it was watching GarfieldandFriends, and on the other hand they can talk about the latest video game released in the market.
Siblings’ talking is one interesting thing about a middle child. They are not as boring as they appear.___5__ Also, thanks to the divided attention at home, middle children are independent and need not rely on anyone.
A．Instead, they are very artistic and creative.
B．But this comes with its own advantage too.
C．Here are some things a middle child can relate to.
D．They rarely enjoy the experience of having their own room.
E．And the dream of having their own room is completely destroyed.
F．They’re the problem solvers between their older and younger siblings.
G．As a middle kid, they are the bridge between their younger and older siblings.
语篇解读：本文为说明文。本文介绍了出生在中间的孩子在生活中不同于别的孩子的一些特点。
1.选C 本空承上启下，下文即是只有中间的孩子才能体会到的事。
2．选D 本空是对上句“have to share a room”的解释说明。
3．选B 下文即是穿哥哥姐姐的衣服的优势。
4．选G 本空为本段的主旨。由下句“They’re liked by both, because they can relate well to both generations.”可知，中间的孩子是兄弟姐妹之间的桥梁。
5．选A A项的“artistic and creative”与本空前的“not as boring as they appear”呼应。
课件26张PPT。Module 1 Europe Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading Language Points
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.facevt. 面向；面对
2.rangen. 山脉
3.galleryn. 美术馆；画廊
4.projectn. 计划；项目；工程
5.birthplacen. 发源地
6.ancientadj. 古代的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.acrossprep.横过；穿过→cross v．越过；穿越→crossing n．十字路口
2.continentaladj.大陆的，大洲的→continent n．大陆，大洲
3.situatedadj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的→situate vt.使位于；使处于→situation n．处境；形势；地理位置
4.symboln．象征；符号→symbolic adj.象征性的
5.locatedadj.位于→location n．位置，场所
6.architectn．建筑师→architecture n．建筑
7.civilisationn．文明→civilise vt.开化；使文明
1.boot n．长统靴；皮靴
[联想] 单词中含有字母组合oo，且发音为[u：]的单词还有
①afternoon n． 午后；下午
②balloon n. 气球
③bamboo n. 竹子
④cool adj. 凉爽的；冷静的；出色的
2.landmark n．标志性建筑
[记法] land (陆地，地面) ＋ mark (标志，符号) →标志性建筑
3.sculpture n．雕刻；泥塑
[联想] 含有名词后缀-ure的词还有
唐僧取经，为听佛祖lecture(讲座)；
心甘情愿adventure(冒险)；变卖家中furniture(家具)；
只剩一些fixture(房屋固定设施)；拿着一份brochure(小册子)；
作别太宗departure(启程)；沿途风景像picture(图画)；
很多好看sculpture(雕塑品)；一路交流culture(文化)；
有的关于literature(文学)；有的关于agriculture(农业)。
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.be_covered_by/with 被……覆盖
2．be_situated/located_in/on 坐落于……；位于……
3．more_than_ 多于，超过
4．on_the_coast 在海岸上
5．work_on_ 从事；致力于
6．because_of 因为，由于
7．of_all_time 有史以来
8．such_as 例如；诸如……之类
9．be_known_as 作为……而闻名/出名
10．ever_since 自从……以来
1.the largest city of France 法国最大的城市
2．the most popular place for tourists 最受游客欢迎的地方
3．the second largest city of Spain 西班牙的第二大城市
4．be designed by an architect called ...
由一位叫……的建筑师设计
5．in the 1300s 在14世纪
6．a great artistic movement 伟大的艺术运动
7．the most famous art gallery最著名的艺术长廊
8．the birthplace of western civilisation 西方文明的发源地
9．off the northwest coast 在西北海岸
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.Between France and Spain is another mountain range — the Pyrenees.
法国和西班牙之间有另一座山脉，即比利牛斯山脉。
完全倒装句型，即“地点状语＋谓语＋主语”。
In the front of the stage stood_a_singer. 台前站着一位歌唱家。
2.Paris is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine.
巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。
过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Paris。
The books, written_by_Lu_Xun,_are popular with many Chinese people.
这些书是鲁迅写的，受到了许多中国人的喜爱。
3.About two-thirds of France’s artists and writers live in Paris.
法国大约三分之二的艺术家和作家居住在巴黎。
“分数/百分数＋of＋名词/代词”构成的短语在句中作主语。
Sixty_percent_of_the_students in our school are League members.
我们学校60%的学生是团员。
1．(教材P1)France is Europe’s third largest country and faces the United Kingdom across the English Channel.
法国是欧洲第三大国，与英国隔着英吉利海峡遥遥相望。
?face vt.面向；面对 n．脸；表面
be faced with 面临，面对
face to face 面对面
in the face of 面对
make a face/faces 做鬼脸
①The house faces north.
这座房子朝北。
②When we are faced with difficulties, we can turn to our teachers.
当我们面临困难时，我们可以向老师求助。
③I wanted to explain things to her face_to_face.
我想跟她当面解释。
④He remained calm even in_the_face_of danger.
面对危险，他依旧保持冷静。
[名师点津] face 和be faced with都有“面临，面对”的意思，高考中常以非谓语动词的形式出现，即考查用facing 还是faced。有with的选用faced；没有with的，选用facing。
⑤Faced (face) with/Facing (face)/In_the_face_of so much trouble, they failed to finish the task on time.
面对那么多的麻烦，他们没能按时完成任务。
?across prep.横过；穿过；在……对面adv.横过；在对面
①I walked across the field.
我走过那块地。
②There’s a hospital right across_the_street.
街对面有一家医院。
③The river is too wide; we can’t swim across.
这条河太宽了，我们游不过去。
[辨析比较] across, through, over
across
强调从某个平面的一边到另一边
through
指从某个立体空间内穿过
over
侧重越过某种障碍物等
选择上述单词填空
④Everyone shouts “Kill it！” when a rat is seen to run across the street.
⑤In the Long March (长征), the Red Army fought their way from south to north, across the meadows (草地), over the mountains, through the valleys, till at last they reached Northern Shaanxi.
2．(教材P1)Between Italy and France, there is a mountain range called the Alps.
在意大利与法国之间有一座山脉叫作阿尔卑斯山脉。
?range n．山脉；范围；幅度vt.排列；变化
a wide range of 一系列的；大范围的
beyond/out of range 超出……的范围
range from ... to ... 在……和……之间变化
①It is one of the most difficult peaks to climb in the whole range.
在整个山脉中，这是最难攀登的山峰之一。
②The student has a_wide_range_of interests.
那个学生的兴趣广泛。
③The prices of the dolls range from＄5 to＄100.
那些布娃娃的价格从5美元到100美元不等。
④His theory was beyond range of human understanding at that time.
他的理论在当时超越了人类理解的范围。
[名师点津] range作“变动，变化”讲时，不用于进行时态。
[巧学助记]
3．(教材P2)Paris is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine.
巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。
?situated adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的
(1)be situated on/in/to/at 位于，坐落于
(2)situate vt. 使位于，使处于
situation n. 处境；形势；地理位置
①The school is situated near to the station.
学校离车站不远。
②I saw a lighthouse situated (situate) at the mouth of the river.
我看到了位于河口的灯塔。
③“Would you get involved in a fight？”“It would depend on the situation (situate)．”
“你会和别人打架吗？”“这要看具体情况。”
4．(教材P2)The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous symbol of Paris.
最受游客欢迎的旅游景点是埃菲尔铁塔，它是巴黎著名的象征。
?symbol n．象征；符号
the symbol of ... ……的象征
the symbol for ... ……的符号
①A heart shape is the symbol of love.
心形是爱的象征。
②The lion is the_symbol_of courage.
狮子是勇气的象征。
③Au is the chemical symbol for gold.
金的化学元素符号是“Au”。
[辨析比较] symbol, signal, mark
symbol
“象征，符号”，常指作为象征意义的特殊事物，尤指用有形的实物代表抽象的实体
signal
“信号，暗号”，侧重指声音或动作的暗示
mark
指为了易于辨认而做的“记号”或在某一物体上留下的“痕迹”，也有“分数”之意
选择上述单词填空
④A red light is a signal of danger, which is even known to a five-year-old child.
⑤The lighthouse on the top of the hill serves as a mark for fliers.
⑥Doves (鸽子) are universally viewed as a symbol of peace all over the world.
5．(教材P2)Florence is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance, a great artistic movement which began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years.
佛罗伦萨是一座因文艺复兴而闻名的意大利城市，文艺复兴这场伟大的艺术运动始于14世纪并且持续了300年。
?because of 因为；由于
①The party was cancelled because of the heavy rain.
那场聚会因暴雨而取消了。
②He left the company because_of the thing that the boss said at the meeting.
他因为老板在会上讲的话离开了这家公司。
[名师点津] (1)because of为介词短语，后接名词、代词、动名词或以what为主的wh-引导的名词性从句；because为从属连词，后接原因状语从句。
(2)用来表示原因的介词短语还有：as a result of, due to, owing to, thanks to。
③He didn’t go to school because_of his illness.
→He didn’t go to school because he was ill.
他生病了没去上学。
6．(教材P2)Athens, the capital of Greece，is known as the birthplace of western civilisation.
雅典是希腊的首都，作为西方文明的发源地而闻名于世。
?be known as 作为……而出名/闻名
be known for 因……而出名
be known to 为……所熟知
It is known to all that ... 众所周知……
①Guo Jingming is known as a successful writer.
郭敬明作为一位成功作家而出名。
②The place is_known_for its green tea.
这个地方以其绿茶而出名。
③The scientist is_known_to us all.
那位科学家为我们所熟知。
7．(教材P2)Their work has influenced other writers ever since.
他们的作品影响了后世的作家。
?ever since 自从……一直
①He’s been depressed ever since he got divorced.
他离婚后一直很消沉。
②You have been reading to me ever_since James went out.
自从James出去以后，你一直在给我读书。
[名师点津] (1)ever since常与现在完成时连用，既可以单独使用，也可接表示时间的单词、短语或句子。
(2)常与现在完成时连用的时间还有：
since＋时间点，for＋时间段，so far, till now, up to now, lately, recently, yet, in the past few years, ever, just等。
③We’ve been good friends since we were very young.
我们从小就是好朋友。
1．Between France and Spain is another mountain range — the Pyrenees.
法国和西班牙之间有另一座山脉，即比利牛斯山脉。
?本句为完全倒装句。正常语序是：Another mountain range — the Pyrenees is between France and Spain. 表示方位的副词here, there, up, down, out, in, away以及表示时间的副词now, then等位于句首时，常将谓语部分全部提到主语前面。
①Out rushed the boy.
那男孩冲了出去。
②There_goes the bell.
铃响了。
?完全倒装的其他两种情况：
(1)表示地点的介词短语位于句首时，为加强语气，常用完全倒装形式。
③In a lecture hall of a university in England sits_a_professor.
在英格兰一所大学的课堂里坐着一位教授。
(2)为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时，需要完全倒装。
④Gone are the days when we were looked down upon.
我们被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。
[名师点津] 完全倒装需注意以下几点：
(1)句子的谓语动词是系动词be或come, go, lie, stand等不及物动词；
(2)句子的主语是名词；
(3)这种完全倒装结构的时态只限于一般现在时或一般过去时；
(4)谓语动词的单复数视后面主语的单复数而定。
2. (1)Twenty percent of the country is covered by islands.
这个国家国土面积的20%被岛屿覆盖。
(2)About two-thirds of France’s artists and writers live in Paris.
法国约三分之二的艺术家和作家居住在巴黎。
“分数/百分数＋of＋名词/代词”构成的短语在句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后面的名词或代词一致。
①Three-fourths of the family’s income is from the non-farming work.
这一家庭收入的四分之三来源于非农业工作。
②About 50 percent of the land is (be) suitable to grow plants.
大约50%的土地适合种庄稼。
③More than 50 percent of the people are (be) in favour of the plan.
超过50%的人都赞成这个计划。
[名师点津] (1)most of, the rest of, some of, a half of, all of, part of ＋名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数和名词或代词一致。
(2)当percent作名词表示“百分之……”时，不论前面的数字是多少，percent都不能用复数。
④Some of them are married women; the rest are single.
她们有些是已婚妇女，其余是单身。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Faced (face) with this challenge, he should meet it without any hesitation (犹豫).
2．My grandpa has many hobbies which range from collecting stamps to planting flowers.
3．The church is situated (situate) on the hillside, about a mile from the town.
4．Pigeon (鸽子) is often considered a symbol of peace.
5．She felt very upset because of what her deskmate said.
6．Hangzhou is known as“heaven on earth”.
7．The family settled in New York in 1980 and has_lived (live) there ever since.
8．Then came (come) the days we had been looking forward to.
9．Seen from the space, three-quarters of the earth is_covered (cover) by water.
10．To our surprise, the thief climbed over the wall without being noticed.
Ⅱ.选词填空
be situated on， be known as， because of， ever since， face， across， range from ... to...， a symbol of
1．Many people like white color as it is a_symbol_of purity (纯洁)．
2．The old man lost his money and he has been worried ever_since.
3．Taiyuan, a city in North China, was struck by a heavy snow last week, facing serious traffic problems.
4．He wrote a long moving poem in memory of Qian Xuesen who is_known_as“Father of Chinese Rocketry”．
5．How long did it take them to swim across this river?
6．For more than 20 years, we’ve been supporting educational programs that range_from kindergartens to colleges.
7．He had to retire because_of ill health.
8．London is a most beautiful city in Britain, situated on the River Thames.
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The Great Wall is a symbol (象征) of ancient Chinese civilisation.
2．She had to face (面对) the fact that her life had changed forever.
3．Her sculpture (雕塑) will be on show at the museum until the end of this month.
4．The museum, situated (位于) in the center of the city, is popular with the young.
5．How the ancient (古代的) Egyptians built the pyramids puzzled people for centuries.
6．Mozart’s birthplace (出生地) and the house where he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now.
7．The government has begun a new project (工程) at the airport to make passengers more comfortable.
8．As Chinese, we should take pride in our great civilisation (文明) from thousands of years ago.
9．The Alps Range (山脉) is famous for its beautiful scenery.
10．Located in Paris, the Louvre is one of the world’s largest art galleries (美术馆).
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．This restaurant has become popular for its wide ranges of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. ranges→range
2．The ground is covering with water. It must have rained last night.covering→covered
3．The parking lot, which is situating in the centre of the town, is not so large.
situating→situated
4．She is no more than a teacher; she is also an intimate friend to us. 去掉no
5．Nearly 70% of the fund are supplied by the government.are→is
6．The open-air celebration has been put off because the bad weather.because后加of
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Among the students is_sitting_an_old_professor.
一位老教授正坐在学生们中间。
2．Three-quarters of the water has_been_wasted.
四分之三的水被浪费了。
3．I was bitten by a dog once and I’ve been afraid of them ever_since.
我曾经被狗咬过，至今还怕狗。
4．I_was_faced_with the awful job of breaking the news to the girl’s family.
我面临一个头疼的任务，要向女孩的家人通报这一消息。
5．The school is just across_the_hospital.
学校就在医院对面。
6．To finish my graduation paper, I referred to a_wide_range_of_books.
为了完成我的毕业论文，我查阅了一系列的书。
7．Green is usually regarded as a_symbol_of_life while red stands for joy and victory.
绿色通常被认为是生命的象征，而红色代表喜悦和胜利。
8．The little girl has many friends, such_as Jane, Rose and Tom.
这位小姑娘有很多好朋友，比如简、罗斯和汤姆。
9．In order to meet the deadline, Professor Smith along with his assistants is_working_on_the_project day and night.
为了如期完成，史密斯教授和他的助手日夜忙着这个项目。
10．Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of_all_time.
迈克尔·乔丹是有史以来最棒的篮球运动员。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Paris is the capital and largest city of France, 1.situated (situate) on the River Seine. The Eiffel Tower is 2.the famous symbol of Paris. The Louvre is also located in Paris. The city is also famous 3.for its restaurants, cafés and theatres.
Barcelona is the second 4.largest (large) city of Spain and 5.is_situated (situate) on the northeast coast. The Church of the Sagrada Familia is one of Barcelona’s most famous 6.landmarks (landmark)．
Florence is an Italian city 7.becoming (become) famous because 8.of the Renaissance. Each year, about a million tourists come 9.to_see (see) the art galleries, churches and museums in Florence.
Athens, the capital of Greece, is known 10.as the birthplace of western civilisation.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
杰克是美国人，他想在假期中横跨欧洲旅行(across)。首先他来到了被称为西方文明摇篮的雅典(be known as; civilisation)。在雅典，他参观了很多美术馆(gallery)，看到了许多雕塑并且遇到了一位著名的建筑师(sculpture; architect)。这位建筑师告诉杰克他正在从事一项工程(work on a project)，并打算使这项工程成为雅典的新标志(symbol)。
随后杰克飞越阿尔卑斯山脉(range), 来到巴黎。巴黎位于(situated)塞纳河畔，有世界著名的标志性建筑(landmark)——埃菲尔铁塔。法国约有三分之二(two-thirds of)的艺术家和作家都生活在巴黎。
Jack,_an_American,_wanted_to_travel_across_Europe_for_his_holidays._First,_he_got_to_Athens,_which_is_known_as_the_birthplace_of_western_civilisation._There_he_visited_a_number_of_galleries,_in_which_he_saw_many_sculptures_and_met_a_famous_architect._The_architect_told_him_that_he_was_working_on_a_project,_which_he_planned_to_make_as_a_new_symbol_of_Athens.
Then_Jack_flew_over_a_range_of_mountains_called_Alps,_and_reached_Paris._Situated_on_the_famous_River_Seine,_Paris_has_a_world-famous_landmark_—_the_Eiffel_Tower._About_two-thirds_of_France’s_artists_and_writers_live_in_Paris.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
I was only eight years old when the Second World War ended, but I can still remember something about the __1__ celebrations in the small town where I lived on the day when the war in Europe ended. We had not __2__ much from the war, though, like most children of my age, I often saw __3__ houses in the streets and the very big __4__ lorries passing through. But both at home and at school I had become __5__ to the phrases “before the war” and “when the war is over”. “Before the war”， obviously, __6__ had been better, though I was too young to understand why, __7__ there had been no bombs then, and people had eaten things like ice cream and bananas, which I had __8__ heard of. When the war was over we would go back to London, but this meant very __9__ to me. I did not remember what London was like.
What I remember now __10__ V-Day was the afternoon and the evening. Some boys and girls were collecting __11__ and building an enormous bonfire. We stood and watched them for a time, and then I went home and __12__ myself in with my key and waited for my parents to come back from work.
It was May and still broad __13__ when my mother arrived, and my father came in about an hour later. After dinner I said I wanted to __14__ the bonfire, so when it got dark my father took me to the end of the street. The bonfire was very __15__， and somehow people had collected some old clothes to __16__ “Hitler” with the moustache (胡子) they had put on top of it. Just as we arrived, they set light to it. The flames __17__ soon. Everyone was cheering and shouting.
I stood beside my father until the __18__ started to go down, not knowing what to say. He said nothing, either. He had __19__ in the First World War and remembered everything he had experienced. At last he said, “Well, that’s it, son. Let’s hope that this time it really will be the __20__ one.”
语篇解读：本文通过“我”——一个八岁孩子的所见所闻，介绍了庆祝二战胜利的“胜利日”的情景，以及人们对和平的渴望。愿世界永无战争。
1．A.war B．victory
C．Christmas D．birthday
解析：选B 根据空后的“when the war in Europe ended”及后文“V-Day”
“bonfire”可知应是对二战“胜利”的庆祝。
2．A.suffered B．learnt
C．heard D．read
解析：选A 尽管“我”经常看到街上“被炸”的房子和庞大的“军车”，但是我们并没有“遭受太多的痛苦”。
3．A.crowded B．rebuilt
C．bombed D．enlarged
解析：选C 解析见上题。
4．A.modern B．ancient
C．railway D．army
解析：选D 解析见第2题。
5．A.used B．devoted
C．situated D．related
解析：选A 因为耳濡目染，所以我们对“战前”“战后”这些词已经“习惯”了。become used to“对……变得习惯”。
6．A.galleries B．things
C．houses D．landmarks
解析：选B 此处是指很明显，战前的“情况”好一些。things意为“情况，形势”，符合题意。
7．A.except that B．now that
C．for fear that D．in order that
解析：选A 战前的好处“除了”没有轰炸和人们可以吃一些“我”“仅仅”听说过的食品之外，对一个孩子来说就没有其他任何的概念了。except that“除了”；now that“既然”；for fear that“唯恐”；in order that“为了”。
8．A.never B．hardly
C．only D．already
解析：选C 解析见上题。
9．A.much B．little
C．great D．important
解析：选B 根据后文“I did not remember what London was like.”可知，回伦敦对“我”来说几乎没有任何意义。
10．A.about B．on
C．for D．during
解析：选A remember about“记得关于……的事情”。
11．A.money B．wood
C．information D．clothes
解析：选B 要“building an enormous bonfire”当然要收集“木头”(wood)。
12．A.showed B．allowed
C．let D．called
解析：选C 根据“with my key”可知是“用钥匙开门进屋”，故选C项。show sb. in“把某人带进来”；allow sb. in“允许某人进入”；call sb. in“把某人叫进来”。
13．A.early B．daylight
C．dark D．warm
解析：选B 根据“It was May”及常理可知外面“光线(daylight)”还很亮。
14．A.see B．light
C．find D．put out
解析：选A 由下文可知“我”想要去“看(see)”篝火。
15．A.high B．hot
C．dangerous D．far
解析：选A 根据第11空后的“an enormous bonfire”可知，篝火一定很“高(high)”。
16．A.draw B．paint
C．write D．dress
解析：选D 此处是指人们收集旧衣服是给“希特勒”穿的。
17．A.disappeared B．happened
C．rose D．came
解析：选C 火当然是越烧越旺，越烧越高。
18．A.sun B．moon
C．fire D．noise
解析：选C “我”站在父亲身边一直到“火(fire)”势开始小下来。
19．A.fought B．worked
C．grown D．changed
解析：选A 根据后文“remembered everything he had experienced”可知作者的父亲参加过第一次世界大战，记着他所经历的一切。
20．A.best B．worst
C．first D．last
解析：选D 此处是说让我们希望这次战争真的是“最后(last)”一次了。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Today is Mother’s Day. I hadn’t seen my mother for two weeks already.
My mother is a doctor and always busy on her work. When I was a child, my mother sent me live with my grandparents, who lived in the small village. When I was older enough to go to the school, I began to come back to live with my parents. However, my mother was often too busy that every day when she came back after work, I had fallen sleep. I used to hating her, but now I can understand her. This afternoon we gave her a call, saying, “Mom, I love you.”
答案：第二句：hadn’t→haven’t
第三句：on→with
第四句：live前加to; the→a
第五句：older→old; 去掉the
第六句：too→so; sleep→asleep
第七句：hating→hate
第八句：we→I
课件41张PPT。Module 1 Europe Section Ⅲ Grammar 被动语态和主谓一致
?语法图解
?探究发现
①Paris is visited by more than eight million tourists every year.
②The Parthenon was built during this period.
③The fish tastes delicious.
④This coat washes easily.
⑤My family lives in Cardiff.
⑥The class were very interested in Mr Zhang’s teaching.
⑦Neither he nor you were allowed to go out at night.
⑧Not only he but also all his family are keen on concerts.
⑨California, along with Florida and Hawaii, is among the most popular US tourist destinations.
⑩The students along with their teacher are going there on foot.
[我的发现]
(1)①句采用了一般现在时的被动语态，其构成形式为：am/is/are＋done。
(2)②句采用了一般过去时的被动语态，其构成形式为：was/were＋done。
(3)③④句中谓语动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
(4)⑤⑥句中，family, class等集合名词表示整体时，谓语动词用单数；表示个体时，谓语动词用复数。
(5)⑦⑧句中，neither ... nor ... 或not only ... but also ... 连接并列主语，谓语动词的单复数要与靠近它的主语保持一致。
(6)⑨⑩句中，主语后带有along with等短语时，句子的谓语动词应与原主语的单复数保持一致。
一、一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
1．一般现在时和一般过去时被动语态的基本构成
(1)一般现在时的被动语态的构成：am/is/are＋done。
I am asked to copy these English words for ten times.
我被要求把这些英语单词抄十遍。
(2)一般过去时的被动语态的构成：was/were＋done。
The university was founded in 1901.
这所大学始建于1901年。
2．被动语态的用法
(1)不清楚谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态。
His car was stolen when he parked in the street.
他把车停在街上时，车被偷了。
(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者时，用被动语态。
No one knows when the bridge was built.
没人知道这座桥是什么时候建的。
(3)强调或突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。如果需要指出动作的执行者时，可用“by＋动作执行者(宾格)”这一结构。
The Great Wall is visited by many people every year.
每年有很多人参观长城。
[即时演练1] 完成句子
①All the broken doors were_repaired_yesterday.
昨天所有损坏的门都被修好了。
②All the housework is_done_by_my_mother in our family.
我们家所有的家务活都由我妈妈做。
③The wounded man was_sent_to_the_hospital right away.
那个受伤的男人被立刻送往了医院。
④This bridge was_built in October last year.
这座桥是去年十月份建的。
3．主动形式表示被动意义
(1)表示主语属性的动词read, write, sell, wash, wear, cook等，且由easily, well等词修饰时。
The cloth washes well.
这块布很好洗。
(2)连系动词smell, sound, taste, feel, prove等，也常用主动形式表达被动含义。
The cloth feels soft.
这块布摸起来很柔软。
(3)表示发生、爆发和传播等不及物动词或短语如：happen, occur, spread, take place, break out, run out等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
When World War Ⅰbroke out, he seemed to have become another man, downhearted.
第一次世界大战爆发时，他似乎变成了另一个人，非常消沉。
(4)need, want, require的主动形式表示被动意义。
His hair needs cutting.
他的头发需要理了。
[即时演练2]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①The pencil writes (write) well.
②The house needs (need) repairing.
③His jacket wants washing/to_be_washed (wash)．
(2)翻译句子
①水感觉起来冰凉。
The_water_feels_cold.
②昨天晚上发生了一场大火。
A_huge_fire_broke_out_last_night.
二、主谓一致
主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与其主语在数上必须保持一致。英语中的主谓一致主要遵循意义一致、语法一致和就近一致三个原则。
1．意义一致
(1)由and连接的两个单数名词指同一个人或同一事物时，谓语动词用单数。如：bread and butter黄油面包，knife and fork刀叉。
The singer and dancer is coming for a visit.
那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家要来参观。
The poet and writer is very popular with us.
那位诗人兼作家很受我们的欢迎。
(2)形复意单的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，如：news, maths, politics, physics, works, means, the United States等。
The news is quite shocking.
这个消息令人十分震惊。
Politics is her favourite subject.
政治是她最喜欢的学科。
(3)“the＋形容词/分词”表示一类人，如the rich, the young, the living等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.
病人已被治愈，失踪者也已被找到。
(4)family, class, team, government 等集合名词如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数。
The family has settled in Canada.
这家人已定居加拿大。
His family are all important persons.
他的家人都是些重要人物。
(5)表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
Two days isn’t enough for me to finish the work. I need a third day.
对我来说，完成这项工作两天是不够的，我还需要一天。
(6)“分数/百分数＋of短语”作主语时，根据of后的名词的单复数确定谓语动词的单复数形式。
Two thirds of the trees have been cut down.
三分之二的树木被砍掉了。
Two thirds of the soup has been eaten.
三分之二的汤被喝掉了。
(7)all, any, half, most, the rest, part等与of短语连用作主语时，谓语动词根据of后所接名词的单复数形式而定。
The rest of the students are in the classroom.
其余的学生都在教室里。
The rest of the water is for you.
剩下的水是给你的。
[即时演练3] 用所给词的适当形式填空
①Twenty pounds was/is (be) missing from the wallet.
②Even the wise are (be) not always free from mistakes.
③The rest of the workers are (be) still very tired.
④War and peace is (be) a constant theme in history.
⑤70% of the country is (be) covered with forests.
⑥Physics is (be) a difficult subject for me to learn.
2．语法一致
(1)当主语是由and, both ... and连接的并列结构时，谓语动词用复数；但由and连接的并列主语面前分别有every, each, no修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Both you and she have a good chance of getting the job.
你和她都很有机会得到那份工作。
Every/Each boy and every/each girl was given a dictionary.
每个男孩和女孩都得到一本字典。
(2)主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如with, along with, together with, as well as, like, rather than, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等时，谓语动词与主语保持一致。
Tobacco along with alcohol is taxed in most countries.
烟草和酒一起在多数国家都要征税。
He as well as his brothers is coming to visit you.
他和他的弟弟们将要来拜访你。
(3)非谓语动词或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
Whether he will come is doubtful.
他是否会来还不知道。
[名师点津] 在what 引导的主语从句中，如果表语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。
What we need are good teachers.
我们需要的是好老师。
(4)“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
More than one student has finished his work.
不止一个学生完成了作业。
(5)none作主语时，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数；但代表不可数的东西时总是看做单数，因而谓语动词用单数。
None of us are/is perfect.
人无完人。
None of this worries me.
这事儿一点也不使我着急。
(6)trousers, shoes, glasses等作主语时，谓语动词用复数，但这些词前面若有a pair of, 谓语动词用单数。
The shoes are out of date.
这些鞋子过时了。
This pair of shoes is out of date.
这双鞋子过时了。
[即时演练4] 完成句子
①Both John and Ann are_interested_in_English.
约翰和安都对英语感兴趣。
②Tom, as well as the other students in his class, likes_swimming.
汤姆连同班里面的其他同学都喜欢游泳。
③Reading is_a_good_way to improve your English.
阅读是提高你英语的一个好方法。
④Nobody is_in_the_classroom.
教室里没有人。
⑤Many a student is_coming_out.
很多学生正在走出来。
3．就近一致
(1)由or, either ...or, neither ...nor或not only ...but also ...连接的并列主语，通常按照就近一致原则，即谓语动词的单复数形式根据靠近它的主语而定。
Neither his parents nor he is a bank clerk.
他父母和他都不是银行职员。
Not only Jack but also his parents are coming to see you.
不仅是杰克，他父母也要来看你。
(2)here, there引导的句子，若有并列主语，谓语动词也与最近的主语一致。
There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.
桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。
There are many routes from China to Europe.
从中国到欧洲有许多路线可走。
[即时演练5] 单句改错
①Not only the students but also the teacher want to go climbing. want→wants
②There are an apple and three bananas in the basket. are→is
③Either the judge or the lawyers was wrong on the case at that moment. was→were
④Either you or I are going to the teacher’s office after class.are→am
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2016·江苏高考改编)More efforts, as reported, will_be_made (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.
2．(2015·湖南高考改编)It is important to remember that success is (be) a sum of small efforts made each day and often takes (take) years to achieve.
3．(2015·北京高考改编)—Did you enjoy the party?
—Yes. We were_treated (treat) well by our hosts.
4．(2015·福建高考改编)To my delight, I was_chosen (choose) from hundreds of applicants (申请人) to attend the opening ceremony.
5．(2013·江苏高考改编)Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others is (be) essential to their development.
6．(2013·湖南高考改编) The university estimates that living expenses for international students are (be) around ＄8,450 a year, which is (be) a burden for some of them.
7．We were glad to know that all the workers who were_trapped (trap) in the mine (矿井) had been saved.
8．The famous musician, as well as his students, was_invited (invite) to perform at the closing ceremony.
9．The speaker was_interrupted (interrupt) now and then during his speech, which made him a bit unhappy.
10．The Group of Eight (G8) consists (consist) of the eight richest countries in the world.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．(2015·四川高考书面表达)Comparing notes with your classmates frequently is_a_good_way to improve your study.
经常和你的同学交换笔记是一种提高学习的好方法。
2．(2015·天津高考书面表达)If there is_anything_else I can do for you, please contact me as soon as possible.
如果有其他我可以为你做的任何事情，请尽快联系我。
3．(2014·江西高考书面表达)Developing_a_good_habit_is also of importance.
养成一个好的习惯也是重要的。
4．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I’d also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is_included.
我还想知道这个课程我得交多少钱，是否住宿包括在内。
5．Li Hua’s family isn’t_very_large.
李华家不是一个大家庭。
6. Not only John but also I am_going_to Shanghai next week.
下周，不仅约翰而且我也去上海。
7．Our class like_pop_music.
我们班学生都喜欢流行音乐。
8．The project was_finished last year.
这项工程在去年竣工了。
Ⅲ.短文改错
Last summer I go to America and studied at a language school. I had many wonderful experience, but I also had a sad one. One day, the school held party, where I invited to talk about Tianjin. After that they asked me a lot of things about China. But I couldn’t explain them with English clearly. I felt sadly. I learned a lesson from this experience. I have already studied English for eight years, so I cannot use it very good. I must work hard to improve my spoken English so that I will not be able to communicate freely with foreigners. I hope I can be a bridge between China and others countries in the future.
答案：第一句：go→went
第二句：experience→experiences
第三句：party前加a; invited前加was
第五句：with→in
第六句：sadly→sad
第八句：so→but; good→well
第九句：去掉not
第十句：others→other
课件30张PPT。Module 1 Europe Section Ⅳ Other Parts of the Module
[原文呈现]
The European Union①
What Is the European Union?
The European Union is an organisation of European countries. The countries are independent② and are governed③ in different ways. In the United Kingdom, for example, the head④ of state is a king or queen. In France, on the other hand⑤ , the head of state is a president. But each of them sends representatives⑥ to the European Parliament⑦，which has some control over what happens⑧ in each of the member countries.
How Did It Start⑨
The idea of the European Union began in the 1950s⑩. The first members were France, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Italy. Little by little?， the number increased? during the second half of the twentieth century. By? the year 2000, there were 15 member countries. The new countries were Austria, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
How Many Countries Belong to?It Now?
In 2004, the European Union increased to 25 members. The Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Slovak Republic and Slovenia, plus? the Mediterranean islands of Cyprus and Malta all became members. The expanded? European Union has a population of? more than? half a billion people, twice as big as the population of the United States?.
[读文清障]
①the European Union 欧盟
②independent adj. 独立的
③govern/'ɡ?vn/vt. 统治；治理
government n．政府 governor n．统治者
④head/hed/n. 领袖；领导人
⑤on the other hand 另一方面；反过来说
on the one hand 一方面
⑥representative/?reprI'zent?tIv/n. 代表
⑦parliament/'pɑ?l?m?nt/n. 国会；议会
⑧which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语，不能用that来代替。该定语从句中又包含一个what引导的宾语从句，作over的宾语，其中what在宾语从句中作主语。
⑨start v．开始，发起，创建
⑩in the 1950s在20世纪50年代
?little by little一点点地；逐渐地
?increase v．增加
其后可接介词by(增加了)或to(增加到)。
?by在此处表示“到；截止到……为止”
?belong to属于
此短语不用于被动语态或进行时态。
?plus prep.加上
?expanded为过去分词作定语。(表示被动或动作已完成)
?have a population of有……人口
?more than多于；超过
?twice as big as ...……的两倍大，此处相当于which is twice as big as ...
倍数表达法：倍数词＋as ... as ...；倍数词＋比较级＋than ...；倍数词＋the ＋n.＋of ...
欧盟
欧盟是什么？
欧盟是欧洲各国的一个组织。这些国家是独立的，并且它们用不同的方式管理。例如，英国的国家元首是国王或女王。另一方面，法国的国家元首是总统。但每个国家都向欧洲议会派遣代表，该议会对每个成员国所发生的事情都有一定的控制力。
欧盟是如何创建的？
创建欧盟这一想法始于20世纪50年代。最初的成员国有法国、联邦德国、比利时、卢森堡、荷兰和意大利。在20世纪后半叶，成员国的数量逐渐增加。到2000年，发展到15个成员国。新的成员国有奥地利、丹麦、芬兰、希腊、爱尔兰、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞典和英国。
欧盟现在有多少个成员国？
2004年，欧盟扩展到25个成员国。捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、匈牙利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、波兰、斯洛伐克共和国、斯洛文尼亚再加上地中海的塞浦路斯和马耳他都成了欧盟成员国。扩大后的欧盟拥有五亿多人口，是美国人口的两倍。
Read the text in “Cultural Corner” quickly and choose the best answers.
1．Which of the following is RIGHT about the European Union?
A．An organisation of different cities.
B．An independent country governed by the queen.
C．An organisation of European countries.
2．Which of the following countries does NOT belong to the first members of the European Union?
A．France. B．Lebanon. C．Belgium.
3．How many members are there in the European Union in the year 2000?
A．9. B．15. C．6.
4．What’s the population of the United States?
A．0.5 billion.
B．0.25 billion.
C．1 billion.
答案：1～4 CBBB
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1._oppositeprep. 在……对面
2.signvt. 签署
3.whereaboutsadv. 在哪里
4.headn. 领袖；领导人
5.parliamentn. 国会；议会
6.regionn. 地区；区域
7.featuren. 特点
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.agreementn．协议；契约→agree v．同意→disagree v．不同意→disagreement n．不同意
2.governvt.统治；治理→government n．政府
3.representativen．代表 adj.典型的，有代表性的→represent v. 代表；作为……的代言人
4.geographicaladj.地理的→geography n．地理(学)；地理环境
5.producen．产品；农产品→product n．产品→production n．生产；产量
1.opposite prep.在……对面；相对的，相反的，对面的
[记法] oppose (反对) ＋ -ite (形容词后缀) → 反对的，对立的
2.sign vt.签署
[形近] ①signal信号 ②sing唱歌
③design设计
④sigh叹息，叹气
⑤sight 视力，景象
3.parliament n．国会；议会
[联想] 后缀-ment名词集锦
①development 发展
②agreement 协议；契约
③encouragement 鼓励
④experiment 实验
4.feature n．特点
[形近] ①feather 羽毛 ②further 进一步的(地)
③farther 更远的(地)
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.refer_to 指的是……
2．in_terms_of 据……；依照
3．compared_with 和……相比
4．on_the_other_hand 另一方面；反过来说
5．little_by_little 一点点地；逐渐地
6．belong_to 属于
7．increase_to 增加到
8．have_a_population_of 有……人口
1.Whereabouts is ...？ ……在什么地方？
2．the European Union 欧盟
3．be governed in different ways 用不同的方式管理
4．the European Parliament 欧洲议会
5．have some control over what happens
对发生的事有一定的控制力
6．member countries 成员国
7．the population of the United States
美国的人口
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.... has some control over what happens in each of the member countries.
……对每个成员国所发生的事情都有一定的控制力。
what引导的宾语从句。
I want to know what_he_is_busy_doing now.
我想知道他现在正忙于什么。
2.The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people, twice as big as the population of the United States.
扩大后的欧盟拥有五亿多人口，是美国人口的两倍。
倍数表达法，即“...倍数＋as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as ...”。
This tree is three_times_as_tall_as that one.
这棵树是那棵的三倍高。
1．(教材P4) opposite prep.在……对面adj.相反的n.相反的事物；对立的人(或物)adv.在对面
(1)be opposite to 在……对面；与……相反
(2)oppose v. 反对
be opposed to 反对
①The medicine will have an opposite effect on her health.
这种药对她的健康会产生相反的作用。
②The two heads’ opinions are_opposite_to each other.
这两位领导人的意见相左。
③He tends to get angry when people oppose (opposite) to his plan.
别人反对他的意见时，他很容易生气。
④He is strongly opposed (oppose) to giving casual holidays.
他坚决反对无故临时放假。
2．(教材P7)Do we know how many people the third sentence refers to?
我们知道第三个句子提到了几个人吗？
?refer to 提到，谈到，涉及；参考，查阅；指的是
写出下列句中refer to的含义
①She referred to the landmark in her report.提到
②Can we refer to our textbooks when we are in the exam? 参考
③When I was saying the paper, I wasn’t referring to the agreement.指的是
④The new law does not refer to the land used for farming. 涉及
[名师点津] (1)refer to短语中to是介词，后可接名词、代词或动名词，不接动词不定式。
(2)常见的to为介词的动词短语还有：
①stick to 坚持
②object to 反对
③pay attention to 注意
④look forward to 期待
3．(教材P7)France and Germany aren’t going to sign the agreement.
法国和德国不打算签署这个协议。
?sign vt.签署；签名 vi.打手势，示意 n．手势；符号；招牌；征兆，迹象
写出下列句中sign的含义
①In the agreement I saw his name sign in larger letter by chance. 签署
②The son used sign language to tell his mother what happened. 手势
③The letter shows no sign that the Americans have softened their position. 迹象
④The sign on the bus read “Private: Not In Service”. 标牌
⑤You’ve left out a plus sign. 符号
(1)sign (to sb.) to do sth. 打手势(让某人)做某事
sign in/out 签到/签退
sign up (for) 报名参加
(2)a sign of ... ……的迹象；征兆
⑥She signed to the children to_be (be) quiet.
她示意孩子们安静下来。
⑦For safety reasons, please sign in when you arrive at the building, and sign out when you leave.
基于安全考虑，请在抵达大楼时签到，离去时签退。
[巧学助记]
?agreement n．[C]协议；契约[U](意见等的)一致；赞成；同意
(1)make/reach/come to/arrive at an agreement
达成协议
sign an agreement 签署协议
(2)agree v. 同意，赞成
agree with 同意(意见、看法等)；
(食物、天气、工作、水等)
适合某人；与……一致
agree to sth. 同意(计划、建议、决定等)
agree on 就某事达成一致意见
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
①He insisted on writing the agreement down in black and white.
他坚持要把契约白纸黑字地写下来。
②It is reported that they signed an agreement (agree) about education.
据报道他们签署了一项关于教育的协议。
③The two cities have reached/made/come to/arrived at an agreement to develop science and technology.
这两个城市就发展科学技术达成了一项协议。
④I agree with what you say.
我同意你说的。
[名师点津] (1)后接表示人的名词或代词时，一般只用 agree with。
(2)agree不能接不定式的复合结构，所以汉语的“同意某人做某事”，不能直译为 agree sb. to do sth., 而应根据情况改用其他结构：
他们同意我去。
正：They agreed to let me go.
正：They agreed to my going.
误：They agreed me to go.
4．(教材P9) In terms of size and population, how big is the European Union compared with China?
就面积和人口来说，与中国相比，欧盟有多大？
?in terms of 按照……；就……而言
in the long term 从长远来看
in the short term 就眼前来看
be on good/friendly/bad terms (with sb.)
(与某人)关系好/坏
①In terms of population, China is the largest country in the world.
就人口而言，中国是世界上最多的国家。
②Even small improvements can make a great difference in_the_long_term.
从长远看，即使很小的改善也能引起一个很大的差异。
③All of my roommates are on good terms with each other.
我的室友们关系都很好。
[名师点津] in terms of 是高考中的高频短语，属于“in＋n.＋ of”结构。类似的短语还有：
①in need of 需要 ②in place of 代替，取代
③in honor of 为了纪念 ④in case of 如果，假使
?compared with/to与……相比较(常在句中作状语)
(1)compare A with B 把A和B进行比较
compare A to B 把A比作B
(2)comparison n. 比较
①Compared with/to him, I’m just a beginner.
和他相比，我只是一个初学者。
②Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.
莎士比亚曾把世界比作舞台。
③Compared (compare) with many women, she was very fortunate.
和许多女人相比，她算是很幸运的了。
④This book is funny and easy to understand in comparison (compare)．
相比较来说，这本书很有趣而且容易理解。
5．(教材P9) Little by little, the number increased during the second half of the twentieth century.
在20世纪后半叶，成员国的数量逐渐增多。
?little by little 逐渐地；一点点地
①He’ll learn Chinese little by little.
他会逐渐掌握汉语。
②Little_by_little we began to get to know him.
渐渐地我们开始了解他。
[名师点津] 与little by little 有类似结构的短语还有：
①year by year 一年年地
②one by one 一个接一个地
③bit by bit 一点一点地
④step by step 逐步地
⑤side by side 肩并肩
6．(教材P9) How Many Countries belong to It Now?
欧盟现在有多少个成员国？
?belong to属于；是……的成员
①The island belongs to Spain.
这个小岛隶属于西班牙。
②He belongs (belong) to the golf club.
他是高尔夫俱乐部的成员。
[名师点津] (1)belong to 中的to是介词，后面接名词、代词等。
(2)belong to 不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时。
③—a. The house is belonging to my brother.(×)
③—b. The house is belonged to my brother.(×)
③—c. The house belongs to my brother.(√)
这房子是我哥哥的。
1．But each of them sends representatives to the European Parliament, which has some control over what happens in each of the member countries.
但是每个国家都向欧洲议会派遣代表，该议会对每个成员国所发生的事情都有一定的控制力。
句中what happens in each of the member countries为what引导的宾语从句，作介词over的宾语。what 常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：
(1)它在相应的名词性从句中有一定的意义，常表示“什么”、“所……的”、“……的样子”等。
(2)它在相应的名词性从句中作句子成分，而且常作主语、宾语或表语。
①What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.
过去认为不可能的事现在已经变成现实。
②No one can tell what_will_happen_next.
没人能够预见往后会发生什么。
③This book is just what I have been looking for.
这本书正是我一直在找寻的那本书。
[名师点津] that 也可以引导名词性从句，但that引导名词性从句时仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在从句中不作任何句子成分。
④What worried her was that her son was addicted to computer games.
让她担心的是她儿子沉迷于电脑游戏。
2．The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people, twice as big as the population of the United States.
扩大后的欧盟拥有五亿多人口，是美国人口的两倍。
句中的twice as big as ...是一种倍数表达方式。倍数表达法的三种基本形式为：
(1) ...倍数＋as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as ...
①Asia is four times as big as Europe.
亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
(2) ...倍数＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than ...
②Asia is four times bigger (big) than Europe.
亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
(3) ...倍数＋the size/length/width/height/depth of ...
③Asia is_four_times_the_size_of Europe.
亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
[名师点津] 英语中，用twice或double表示两倍；三倍及三倍以上用times, 如three times, four times。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I have examined all the documents referring (refer) to the matter.
2．Hot is opposite to cold.
3．Many students signed up for the 800-meter-long race in the sports meeting to be held next week.
4．The two sides have finally reached an agreement (agree), though some small differences still exist.
5．Many developed countries have agreed to_help (help) the less developed ones but it remains to be seen whether they will take action or not.
6．It is difficult to find a satisfying job today. This job is great in terms of salary, but it has some disadvantages.
7．Little by little, the wind died down and people began to appear on the street.
8．Compared (compare) with a quite ordinary star, like the sun, the earth is small indeed.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1. Little_by_little,_his eyes adjusted to the light.
逐渐地，他的眼睛适应了光线。
2．Which of the two techniques is better in_terms_of application?
就应用而言，这两种技术哪一种更好？
3．Just compare_the_room that has been cleaned with the others.
把打扫过的房间与其他的作比较。
4．The teacher often tells us the future belongs_to_us.
老师经常告诉我们未来属于我们。
5．If you don’t know what it means, refer_to_the_dictionary.
如果你不知道它的意思，可以查字典。
6．The house opposite_ours was burnt down last night.
我们家对面的房子昨晚烧毁了。
7．Do not put off till tomorrow what_you_can_do_today.
今天可以干好的事情绝不要拖到明天。
8．The big stone is three_times_as_heavy as that one.
这块大石头的重量是那块的三倍。
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What is the feature (特点) of today’s TV program?
2．On Tuesday the country’s parliament (议会) voted to establish its own army.
3．Many representatives (代表) of the older generation were there.
4．The country is right now governed (统治) by a group of army officers.
5．The hospital has an ideal geographical (地理的) location.
6．Flooding is likely in some coastal regions (地区) of the northeast during the early part of the week.
7．On the opposite (对面的) wall is hanging one map as well as dozens of pictures.
8．Is there an agreement (协议) on how much aid will be sent?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Little on little, we began to get to know the representative.on→by
2．Prices are always rising these days. Up to now, the petrol price has increased to 20%.increased后的to→by
3．The whole population of the city were excited about the victory of Guangzhou Evergrande.were→was
4．On the one hand, they’d love to go abroad; but on other hand, they don’t want to leave their hometown.other前加the
5．The book belonged to me.belonged→belongs
6．The new building is twice as taller as the old one beside it.taller→tall_
Ⅲ.选词填空
in terms of， belong to， opposite， compared with， on the other hand， increase to， little by little， refer to， have a population of， govern
1．On the one hand, hospitals lose money. But, on_the_other_hand,_if people are healthy, don’t think of it as losing money; think of it as saving lives.
2．John hadn’t been able to stop smoking suddenly; he had to control his smoking desire_little_by_little.
3．You must not be governed by the opinions of others; instead, you should stick to your own view.
4．India has_a_population_of more than 1 billion.
5．In_terms_of speed and comfort, a bicycle can’t be compared with other means of transportation like car and train.
6．I got nervous when the woman seated opposite kept staring at me.
7.The number of the workers in this factory has increased_to 300.
8．What I have to say refers_to all of you.
9．The dictionary as well as grammar books that have bookmarks in them belongs_to Jane.
10．Though I am improving in my study, I still have a long way to go compared_with some of my classmates.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The price of beer ranged from 50 cents to ＄4 per litre during summer.
2．Jerry was very excited to see the playground where she used to play football covered (cover) with lots of snow.
3．Shanghai, situated (situate) on the Huangpu River, is the largest city of China.
4．About 30 percent of the pupils were (be) absent that day.
5．Not until he went through real hardship did_he_realise (he realise) the love we have for our families is important.
6．I think he eats my food because of his greed, not hunger.
7．Sweet foods such as chocolate can cause you to put on weight.
8．Do you know that Yuan Longping is known as father of hybrid rice?
9．Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have_dreamed (dream) about taking a great bike trip.
10．Facing (face) the great fame, Li Yugang still keeps modest.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．For a moment nothing happened. Then came_voices all shouting together.
一时间什么都没有发生。接着传来了所有人一起大喊的声音。
2．I am_often_asked to do this job.
我经常被要求做这份工作。
3．Both bread and milk are_good_for your health.
面包和牛奶对你的健康都有好处。
4．Either the teacher or the students are_to_blame.
或者老师或者学生们负有责任。
5．Doing eye exercises is_good_for your eyes.
做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。
6．Whether they will hold a party or not has_not_been_decided.
他们还没有决定是否举行派对。
7．His family are_waiting_for him.
他的家人正在等他。
8．The mother along with her two children goes_to_the_park every weekend.
这位母亲和她的两个孩子每个周末都要去公园。
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
In the early part of the twentieth century, racism (种族歧视) was widespread in the United States. Many African Americans were not given equal opportunities in education or employment. Marian Anderson (1897－1993) was an African American woman who gained fame as a concert singer in this climate of racism. She was born in Philadelphia and sang in church choirs during her childhood. When she asked for admission to a local music school in 1917, she was refused because she was black. Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for religious activities. In 1929, she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there. Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe. Then she returned to the US in 1935 and became a top concert singer after performing at Town Hall in New York City.
Racism again affected Anderson in 1939. When it was arranged to sing at Constitution Hall in Washington, DC, the Daughters of the American Revolution opposed (反对) it because of her color. She sang instead at the Lincoln Memorial for over 75,000 people. In 1955, Anderson became the first black soloist (独唱) to sing in the Metropolitan Opera of New York City. The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as “heard only once in a hundred years”. She was a US delegate (代表) to the United Nations in 1958 and won the UN peace prize in 1977. Anderson eventually triumphed over racism.
语篇解读：本文介绍了美国黑人歌唱家玛丽安·安德生如何凭着自身实力和勤奋战胜了种族歧视，获得了事业上的成功。
1．According to this passage, what did Marian Anderson do between 1917 and 1929?
A．She studied at a music school.
B．She sang for religious activities.
C．She sang at Town Hall in New York.
D．She studied voice in Europe.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段“Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for religious activities.”可知在1917年到1929年之间Anderson为宗教活动唱歌。选B。
2．Toscanini thought that Marian Anderson ________.
A．had a very rare (稀有的) voice
B．sang occasionally in public
C．sang only once in many years
D．was seldom heard by people
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第二段“The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as ’heard only once in a hundred years’．”可知Toscanini说她的嗓音是百年难得一见的，所以是稀少的，故选A。
3. Anderson’s beautiful voice was first recognized ________.
A．at the Lincoln Memorial
B．in Washington, DC.
C．in Europe
D．at the United Nations
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二、三句“... she went to Europe ... praised throughout Europe.”可知她的美妙的声音一开始是在欧洲被认可。选C。
4．This passage shows that Anderson finally defeated racism in the US by ________.
A．opposing the government
B．working for the United Nations
C．singing in the streets
D．working hard to perfect her art
解析：选D 主旨大意题。由文章主旨可知，Anderson凭着认真工作使得她的艺术完美，借此击败种族歧视。选D。
Ⅱ.语法填空
In India, a lot of elephants aren’t wild. Instead, they are domesticated (驯养的). They aren’t kept as pets, __1__ as working animals. Every working elephant has its own keeper. An elephant and its keeper meet for the first time when they are both young. __2__ (develop) a strong and lasting relationship, the elephant and its keeper grow up together. In fact, __3__ (they) relationship continues for the rest of the elephant’s life — perhaps 40 years. Lots of elephants work in the forest, __4__ (move) heavy trees after they are cut down. Some give rides to tourists, or carry people during __5__(celebrate) and festivals. Keepers try to take good care of their elephants, feeding them well and giving them __6__ bath at the end of the working day.
Another animal __7__ is treated in a special way in India is the cow. Cows are __8__ (protect) animals, so they aren’t kept on farms or killed __9__ food, although people do use their milk. So in India you can often see cows walking around in a town or city, and nobody tries to control them. If they sit down in the middle of the road, people __10__ (usual) try to keep away from them. Do you think it’s interesting?
语篇解读：本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了印度两种特别的动物。
1．but not ... but ...是习惯搭配，意思是“不是……而是……”。
2．To develop “To develop a strong and lasting relationship”是不定式短语作目的状语。
3．their 空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词relationship，需用形容词性物主代词。
4．moving “moving heavy trees after they are cut down”是现在分词短语作状语，表示方式。
5．celebrations 空格中所填单词在句中作介词during的宾语，需用celebrate的名词形式。
6．a give sb. a bath意思是“给某人洗澡”。
7．that/which 关系代词that/which修饰先行词animal，引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
8．protected protected animals意思是“受保护动物”。
9．for for此处表示目的。
10．usually 空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词，需用usual的副词形式。
课件47张PPT。[原文呈现][读文清障]Module 1 Europe Section Ⅴ Writing-介绍地点的说明文
一般介绍和描述地点的文章属于说明文。这类介绍地点的短文，其主体时态通常是一般现在时。内容一般应包括该地区的位置、面积、人口、历史、气候、特产等。但是一定要抓住该地区的主要特色，这样才能给读者留下深刻的印象。
一、基本结构
第一部分：首先点明文章主要是介绍什么地方；
第二部分：然后说明具体情况(如某地的历史、人口、地位等基本情况以及它的名胜、饮食等)；
第三部分：最后一段进行总结。
二、增分佳句
1．表示位置：
It is in .../It lies in ...
2．介绍优点：
It is a beautiful place.
It is attractive/fantastic/wonderful.
3．表示感受：
I’m glad/ready/willing to do ...
I enjoy/like/love ...
He likes to do/doing ...
She is fond of ...
[题目要求]
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack准备到成都来旅游，请你回信介绍成都的情况，要点如下：
·成都有2 300多年建城史，人口超过一千万；
·成都是四川省省会，是西南地区的政治、经济和文化中心；
·成都很美，有武侯祠、青城山等名胜古迹，有闻名中外的美味火锅及小吃，是一个来了就不想离开的城市。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．信的格式已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：武侯祠Wuhou Temple 火锅hotpot
小吃snack
Dear Jack，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
第一步：审题构思很关键
一、审题
1．确定体裁：本文是介绍地点的文章，为说明文；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称为第一人称；
3．确定时态：以一般现在时为主。
二、构思
第一段：写信动机。在开头说明写信要向对方介绍一下成都。
第二、三段：说明具体情况。详细介绍成都的历史、地理、人口等情况。
第四段：结尾。向对方表达祝愿。
第二步：核心词汇想周全
1．have_a_long_history 拥有悠久的历史
2．population 人口
3．more_than 超过；多于
4．province 省
5．politics 政治
6．economy 经济
7．culture 文化
8．places_of_interest 名胜
9．such_as 例如
10．delicious 美味的
第三步：由词扩句雏形现
1.成都有2 300多年的悠久历史。(主谓宾结构)
Chengdu_has_a_long_history_of_over_2,300_years.
2．成都人口超过一千万。(主谓宾结构)
Chengdu_has_a_large_population_of_more_than_10_million._
3．成都是四川省的省会城市。(主系表结构)
Chengdu_is_the_capital_city_of_Sichuan_Province._
4．成都是中国西南地区的政治、经济和文化中心。(主系表结构；in the southwest of China)
Chengdu_is_the_centre_of_politics,_economy_and_culture_in_the_southwest_of_China.
5．它的确是一个非常美丽的城市。(主系表结构)
It’s_really_a_very_beautiful_city.
6．有许多名胜古迹，例如武侯祠和青城山。(There be句型)
There_are_a_lot_of_places_of_interest,_such_as_Wuhou_Temple_and_Qingcheng_Mountain.
7．除此之外，美味的火锅和当地小吃中外闻名。(主系表结构；at home and abroad)
Besides,_the_delicious_hotpot_and_the_local_snacks_are_well-known_both_at_home_and_abroad._
8．一旦你来这里，你将不想离开。(现在分词作状语)
Coming_here,_you_will_never_want_to_leave._
第四步：句式升级造亮点
1．用with把句1和句2合并成一个简单句
Chengdu_has_a_long_history_of_over_2,300_years,_with_a_large_population_of_more_than_10_million._
2．用同位语结构把句3和句4合并成一个简单句
Chengdu,_the_capital_city_of_Sichuan_Province,_is_the_centre_of_politics,_economy_and_culture_in_the_southwest_of_China._
3．用once引导时间状语从句改写句8
Once_you_come_here,_you_will_never_want_to_leave._
第五步：过渡衔接联成篇
Dear Jack，
I’m_really_glad_that_you’re_coming_to_Chengdu._Now_let_me_tell_you
something_about_it._
Chengdu_has_a_long_history_of_over_2,300_years,_with_a_large_population_of_more_than_10_million._Chengdu,_the_capital_city_of_Sichuan_Province,_is_the_centre_of_politics,_economy_and_culture_in_the_southwest_of_China.
It’s_really_a_very_beautiful_city._There_are_a_lot_of_places_of_interest,_such
as_WuhouTemple_and_Qingcheng_Mountain._Besides,_the_delicious_hotpot_and
the_local_snacks_are_well-known_both_at_home_and_abroad._Once_you_come_here,_you_will_never_want_to_leave._
I_hope_you_will_enjoy_your_stay_in_Chengdu._
Yours，
Li Hua
课件15张PPT。Module 1单元加餐练（一）~（二）
加餐练(一) 完形阅读组合练
Ⅰ.完形填空
Accept life as it is. I learned how to do it from my father.__1__， he did not teach me acceptance when he was strong and healthy, but rather when he was __2__ and ill.
My father was __3__ a strong man who loved being active, but a terrible illness __4__ all that away. Now he can no longer walk, and he must sit quietly in a chair all day. Even talking is __5__. One night, I went to visit him with my sisters. We started __6__ about life, and I told them about one of my __7__. I said that we must very often give things up __8__ we grow — our youth, our beauty, our friends — but it always __9__ that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place. Then suddenly my father __10__ up. He said, “But, Peter, I gave up __11__ ! What did I gain？” I thought and thought, but I couldn’t think of anything to say. __12__， he answered his own question: “I __13__ the love of my family，” I looked at my sisters and saw tears in their eyes, along with hope and thankfulness.
I was also __14__ by his words. After that, when I began to feel irritated (愤怒的) at someone, I __15__ remember his words and become __16__ . If he could replace his great pain with a feeling of love for others, then I should be __17__ to give up my small irritations. In this __18__， I learned the power of acceptance from my father.
Sometimes I __19__ what other things I could have learned from him if I had listened more carefully when I was a boy. For now, though, I am __20__ for this one word.
语篇解读：作者在文章中告诉我们人生中有得必有失，要学会放弃，包括个人的青春、美丽、和朋友在内的一切；如果失去，必然有相应的事物来代替。而作者年老多病的父亲却教给了作者一个道理：他放弃了一切一无所获，但是得到了家人的爱。告诉我们不要斤斤计较，要以爱心来对待一切，面对生活，让自己的内心平和。
1．A.However B．Therefore
C．Meanwhile D．Afterward
解析：选A 我从父亲那里学会了顺其自然，然而父亲不是在身体健康的时候教会我的，而是在他病重的时候告诉我的。上下文之间是转折关系，故A正确。
2．A.poor B．slow
C．weak D．tired
解析：选C 见上题解析。
3．A.already B．once
C．still D．only
解析：选B 父亲曾经是一个积极向上的很强壮的人，但是一场疾病夺走了一切。所以once是指父亲曾经身体很好。故B正确。
4．A.sent B．threw
C．put D．took
解析：选D 本句使用take表示疾病夺走了父亲健康的身体。故D正确。
5. A．difficult B．stressful
C．hopeless D．impossible
解析：选A 根据前句可知，父亲不能行走，只能整天坐在椅子上。本句中的even“甚至”，表示递进关系。说明父亲连说话也变得困难，充分说明父亲的状况很糟糕。故A正确。
6. A．asking B．talking
C．worrying D．caring
解析：选B talk about“谈论……”；本句表示我和姐妹们在谈论生活，故B正确。
7. A．experiences B．decisions
C．beliefs D．ambitions
解析：选C experiences“经历”；decision“决定”；belief“信念，想法”；ambition“雄心，野心”。“我”和姐妹们谈论对生活的看法，同时下文中提及的要放弃，也属于对生活的一种想法。故C正确。
8．A.till B．as
C．before D．since
解析：选B 我认为随着我们长大，我们一定要放弃一些东西，如年轻、美丽和朋友等。故B正确。
9．A.promises B．suggests
C．requires D．seems
解析：选D 句式It seems that ...“似乎……”；但似乎在我们放弃了一些事物以后，总有一些新的东西会代替他们原来的位置。其余三项并不能构成这个句式。故D正确。
10．A.spoke B．opened
C．summed D．turned
解析：选A speak up“说话”；open up“出现；产生”；sum up“概括；总结”；turn up“出现”。在我们谈论生活的时候，父亲突然开口说话了，因为上文提到父亲连说话都很困难的。故A正确。
11．A.anything B．something
C．everything D．nothing
解析：选C 与下一句“What did I gain？”相串联，父亲提出一个问题：他放弃了一切，但是他得到了什么？他用这个问题让“我”认识到“我”的看法是错误的。故C正确。
12．A.Immediately B．Surprisingly
C．Naturally D．Certainly
解析：选B immediately“立刻，马上”；surprising“令人惊讶地”；naturally“自然地”；certainly“当然”。“我”想了很久都没有得到答案，但是令人吃惊的是，父亲自己回答了这个问题。与A、C、D不搭配。故B正确。
13．A.accepted B．had
C．enjoyed D．gained
解析：选D 根据11空后“What did I gain？”父亲提出“他得到了什么？”所以本句承接前一句使用动词gain。故D正确。
14．A.attracted B．warned
C．touched D．astonished
解析：选C attract“吸引”；warn“警告”；touch“感动，打动”；astonish“使……惊讶”。根据前句最后“...tears in their eyes ...”说明父亲很激动，本句中的also说明“我”也很感动，被父亲所说的话感动了。故C正确。
15．A.would B．should
C．could D．might
解析：选A 本句中的情态动词would意为“过去常常……”，当我对别人的话感到愤怒的时候，“我”常常会想起父亲的话，然后就会平静下来。故A正确。
16．A.quiet B．relaxed
C．calm D．happy
解析：选C 父亲的话让“我”意识到要顺其自然，接受生活给我们的一切。所以父亲的话让“我”平静地接受一切，让“我”愤怒的情绪平静下来。故C正确。
17．A.likely B．free
C．ready D．able
解析：选D be likely to do sth.“可能做某事”；be free to do sth.“自由地做某事”；be ready to do sth.“愿意做某事”；be able to do sth.“能够做某事”。如果父亲能够用对他人的爱来代替痛苦，那么“我”也能够放弃对别人的愤怒。故D正确。
18．A.way B．place
C．case D．form
解析：选A 父亲用他自己的生活方式接受生活给予他的一切，让他能够平静地接受一切，那么“我”也可以和他一样。所以in this way“用这种方法”。故A正确。
19．A.wonder B．doubt
C．guess D．know
解析：选A wonder“想知道”；doubt“怀疑”；guess“猜想”；know“知道”。有时候“我”在想如果在小时候我能够仔细听父亲的话，“我”可能会学到更多。作者是在追悔之前的事情。故A正确。
20．A.useful B．grateful
C．shameful D．ashamed
解析：选D useful“有用的”；grateful“感激的”；shameful“可耻的，丢脸的”；ashamed“惭愧的”。现在“我”对父亲给“我”的“Accept life as it is”感到很惭愧，“我”早就应该学到的。故D正确。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
I grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my childhood was spent on books I could get hold of. In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing and books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives (观点) by creating worlds we could step into, take part in and live in.
With this unshakable belief, I, at fourteen, decided to become a writer. Here too, reading became useful. Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with, or agrees with so strongly that it reshapes his own world. He cannot write without loving to read, because only through reading other people’s writing can one discover what works, what doesn’t and, in the end, together with lots of practice, what voice he has.
Now I am in college, and have come to realize how important it is to read fiction (文学作品). As a law student, my reading is in fact limited to subject matter — the volume (量) of what I have to read for classes every week means there is little time to read anything else. Such reading made it all the clearer to me that I live in a very small part in this great place called life. Reading fiction reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldn’t necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.
语篇解读：作者在文章中用自己的亲身经历告诉我们阅读的重要性：阅读给我们打开了生活中的一扇窗户。
1．What can be inferred about the author as a child?
A．He never watched TV.
B．He read what he had to.
C．He found reading unbelievable.
D．He considered reading part of his life.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing ... and live in.”可知作者把阅读当成是和呼吸一样自然的事情。说明阅读已经成为作者生活的一部分了。故D正确。
2．The underlined word “voice” in the second paragraph most probably means “________”.
A．an idea
B．a sound quality
C．a way of writing
D．a world to write about
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据前一句“Every writer starts off knowing ... right ways to say it.”每一个作家都知道他们有话要说，但是有时却找不到正确的方法把要说的话说出来。根据本句“He has to find his own voice by reading widely”可知要通过广泛阅读找到自己的表达思想的方法，所以本句中的voice就是指作者的写作方法。故C正确。
3．What effect does reading have on the author?
A．It helps him to realize his dream.
B．It opens up a wider world for him.
C．It makes his college life more interesting.
D．It increases his interest in worldwide travel.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据文章最后两句“Reading fiction reminds me ...”可知阅读让自己跳出小圈子，让自己了解到更多的知识，给作者打开了另外一个世界。故B正确。
4．Which of the following can be the best title of this text?
A．Why do I read? B．How do I read?
C．What do I read? D．When do I read?
解析：选A 标题归纳题。作者在文章第一段中介绍了自己的童年就是在阅读中度过的，接着又介绍了阅读的重要作用，阅读让自己领略了外面的世界。所以本文主要告诉我们为什么我们要阅读。故A正确。
加餐练(二) 第Ⅱ卷规范增分练
Ⅰ.语法填空
M：Hi, Deb. I __1__ (come) up with an idea just this morning for the coming Sunday. __2__ we be engaged in playing basketball or football in the morning? Does the idea appeal to you?
W：__3__ sounds fun. I really need to build up my strength.
M：That’s all right. For a couple of years, in my spare time, I __4__ (take) up some exercise every day to keep in good shape, like playing basketball.
W：And that accounts for the reason __5__ you always seem so energetic. What about when it rains or snows? Do you call off your exercise in this __6__？
M：Well, bad weather won’t hold me back as long as I want to exercise. __7__ (stick) to your plan, you can always have a way out. I have some other alternatives. I can make __8__ (much) of any opportunities to take up some form of exercise.
W：As soon as I finish my work, I’ll work out __9__ plan and figure out what kind of exercise I can do. I really need to get myself __10__ (bury) in some form of exercise every day, even for a short time.
语篇解读：两个人商量去运动，并且决定要长期坚持锻炼。
1．came 这里用一般过去时与时间状语“just this morning”相呼应，故用come 的过去式。
2．Shall 这里用第一人称的问句表示提议，用shall，此处建议早上去打篮球或者踢足球。
3．It/That 这里用it/that指代前面提到的建议。
4．have been taking 这里表示在较长的时间里一直在做某事，故用现在完成进行时。
5．why 这里用why来引导定语从句，the reason why...表示“……的原因”。
6．case in this case 表示“在这种情况下”，故本空填名词case。
7．Sticking 这里用提示词stick 的现在分词形式作状语。
8．the most 从句意和提示词来看，这里用make the most of 表示“充分利用”。
9．a 这里用不定冠词a来修饰plan这个单数名词，表示泛指。
10．buried bury oneself in sth.意为“专心致志于某事”，这里用过去分词作get的宾补。
Ⅱ.短文改错
I was from Detroit in the United States. During his senior year in high school I win a scholarship to study singing in London. I went there in summer, and I stayed with someone’s home. People there were very sweetly, and it was a really fun summer. I got the inside view of that it’s like to live there. I loved it but one thing that surprising me was that people had to go to such many different stores to do their shopping. There was also a lot of differences in language. They said things like “ring you up” instead of “give you a call”. It took me a little while figure out these differences. So it was fun.
答案：第二句：his→my; win→won
第三句：with→in/at
第四句：sweetly→sweet
第五句：that→what
第六句：surprising→surprised; such→so
第七句：was→were
第九句：while后加to
第十句：So→But
Ⅲ.书面表达
假如你是李华，请你给某英文报社的“城市风采”栏目写一篇短文，介绍我们伟大的首都——北京。要点如下：
1．基本概况：人口约2 000万，面积16 000多平方千米，位于华北平原北部；
2．气候：四季分明，夏季炎热多雨，冬季寒冷干燥；
3．历史与文化：有3 000多年的历史，是我国的政治、文化中心，有很多著名大学，如清华大学、北京大学等；
4．交通与旅游：交通便利，有天安门广场、紫禁城、长城等很多旅游景点。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Beijing, the capital of China, has a population of about 20 million and covers an area of more than 16,000 square kilometers. Located in the north of the North China Plain, Beijing has four distinct seasons. It is hot and rainy in summer and cold and dry in winter.
Beijing has a history of more than 3,000 years. As the political and cultural center of China，Beijing successfully hosted the 2008 Olympic Games and drew the attention of the world. There are many universities in Beijing, of which Peking University and Tsinghua University are the most famous.
Beijing is also a great place to enjoy your holiday and it’s convenient to travel there. There are many places of interest, such as Tian’anmen Square, the Forbidden City, the Great Wall and the Bird’s Nest. Now, Beijing is playing a more and more important role in the world.
Module 1课时跟踪练(一) Introduction & Reading — Pre reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In Europe, many people make friends across the borders between their countries through town twinning. Town or city twinning means two towns in different countries agree and decide to become “twins” with sister city relationship.
Their citizens find pen friends in the twin town. They exchange newspapers and stamps. The school teachers discuss teaching methods with the teachers in the twin town. Officials visit the twin town for celebrations. Ordinary citizens travel to the twin town, too, but not very often if it is far away.
Sometimes, schools even exchange their classes for two or three weeks! For example, German middle school students study for a while at the school in their twin town in Britain, staying with British families. A few months later, their British friends come to study in Germany.
Some towns even arrange exchange visits for theatre groups, choirs (合唱团) and orchestras (管弦乐队). Others send lecturers to the twin town who tell the people there all about their own town, and show photos and slides.
Town twining can help make friends and motivate (促进) people to learn from each other. It helps students to improve their language skills, and it contributes to (有助于) strengthening peace and understanding between different nations.
语篇解读：本文讲的是在欧洲的一些城市与跨边界的城市结谊。对于这些姊妹城市来说，它们的居民通过各种方式彼此交流。城市之间彼此安排多种形式的活动以促进两个城市的共同发展。
1. Twin towns develop ________.
A．between European countries and China
B．in the English-speaking countries only
C．in the same country
D．between different countries in Europe
解析：选D 细节理解题。从第一段中“In Europe ... their countries through town twinning.”可以看出本文讲的是在欧洲的一些城市与跨边界的城市结谊，故选D。
2. One of the advantages of town twinning is ________.
A．to earn more money
B．to set up schools
C．to improve students’ language skills
D．to develop industry and agriculture
解析：选C 推理判断题。从最后一段中“Town twining can help ... understanding between different nations.”城市结谊可以帮助人们结识朋友，激励人们互相学习。它还有助于学生提高语言技能等等，可以推理判断出A、B、D不符合原文，故选C。
3．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Town Twinning
B．Friendly Towns
C．Exchange Teachers and Students
D．Peace and Understanding
解析：选A 标题归纳题。本文讲的是在欧洲的一些城市与跨边界的城市结谊。城市之间彼此安排多种形式的活动以促进两个城市的共同发展，从全文大意中可以选出最合适的标题，故选A。
B
As a boy growing up in India, I had longed to travel abroad. I used to listen to the stories my father would tell me about his stay in Canada and tours to Europe in the 1970s, with great interest.
My big moment finally came in the summer of 1998 when I was able to accompany my parents to Europe, where my father was to attend a meeting. We planned to travel to Belgium, Netherlands and West Germany.
I have vivid memories even today of going to Mumbai airport at night all excited about finally going abroad. I had heard several great things about Lufthansa till then but now I finally got to experience them first hand, during the flight to Frankfurt. We flew business class and even today I can remember the excellent service by the Lufthansa crew. The flight was really smooth and thoroughly enjoyable, even for someone like me, who is otherwise scared of flying.
After spending almost two weeks in Europe, we took the Lufthansa airport express from Dusseldorf to Frankfurt airport, for our return flight. What a journey that was! All along the Rhine (莱茵河), it was simply an unforgettable experience. I was in a sombre mood on the flight back to Mumbai as it marked the end of a wonderful vacation, but the Lufthansa crew members were able to change it into a most enjoyable experience yet again, with the quality of their service.
Being the first airline to take me overseas, Lufthansa will always hold a special place in my heart. Even today, I continue to enjoy flights on Lufthansa and simply cannot dream of choosing any other airline. Flying, in general, for me, has always been an ordeal (terrible and painful experience). Flying on Lufthansa, however, is something I always have and always will look forward to.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者给我们讲述了他第一次去欧洲的难忘旅行。
4．Which country does the author live in now?
A．India. B．Canada.
C．Belgium. D．Germany.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段首句以及最后一段“Being the first airline to take me overseas ...”可分析，作者生活的国度是在印度(India)。故选A。
5．Which of the following is TRUE about the author’s trip to Europe in 1998?
A．The author traveled with one of his parents.
B．Both their going and return are by air.
C．They traveled in spring that year.
D．They stayed in Europe for nearly two months.
解析：选B 细节理解题。A项错在与事实“和父母双亲一起去的”不符；C项错在与事实“他们是在夏季去的”不符；D项错在与事实“在欧洲待了两个星期”不符。B项与文章吻合，故选B。
6．It can be inferred from the passage that Lufthansa is ________.
A．a city in India B．a city in Europe
C．an airline company D．a travel agency
解析：选C 推理判断题。通过后三段内容不难看出，此为一家航空公司的名称(德国汉莎航空公司)。故选C。
7．The underlined word “somber” in the 4th paragraph probably means “________”．
A．happy B．sad
C．angry D．enjoyable
解析：选B 词义猜测题。想到愉快的旅行就要结束，其心情自然不好，故选B项。根据后半句“但德国汉莎航空公司却以其高质量的服务使得’我’这一返程旅行转变为：“a most enjoyable experience”也可推知。
C
In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh (法老) treated the poor message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off.
Shades of that spirit spread over today’s conversations. Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. As we walked light-heartedly out the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, “Oh boy, bad day for a picnic. The weatherman says it’s going to rain.” I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, for his smile.
Several months ago I was racing to catch a bus. As I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Greyhound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile, “Oh, that bus left five minutes ago.” Dreams_of_head_cutting!
It’s not the news that makes someone angry. It’s the unsympathetic attitude with which it’s delivered. Everyone must give bad news from time to time, and winning professionals do it with the proper attitude. A doctor advising a patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. A boss informing an employee he didn’t get the job takes on a sympathetic tone. Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.
Unfortunately，many people are not aware of this. When you’re tired from a long flight，has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isn’t ready yet？When you had your heart set on the toast beef, has your waiter merrily told you that he just served the last piece？It makes you as traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces.
Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning. Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have said, “Oh，that’s all right. I’ll catch the next one.” Big winners, when they bear bad news, deliver bombs with the emotion the bombarded (被轰炸的) person is sure to have.
语篇解读：作者用法老对信使的态度引出下面的话题，给我们讲的是在给别人传递坏的消息的时候，要注意方式准确和得体的重要性。
8．In Paragraph 1, the writer tells the story of the pharaoh to ________.
A．make a comparison B．introduce a topic
C．describe a scene D．offer an argument
解析：选B 推理判断题。本文主要围绕“好消息使人高兴，坏消息令人气愤”来论述。所以第一段应该是作者用于引入主题的段子，故选B项。
9．In the writer’s opinion, his neighbor was ________.
A．friendly B．warm-hearted
C．not helpful D．not considerate
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“I wanted to strike him ... for his smile.”我想把花生酱和三明治拍到他的脸上。不是因为他愚蠢的天气预报，而是因为他的微笑。由此可知作者认为邻居不为别人考虑，没有同情心，故选D项。
10．From “Dreams of head-cutting！”(Paragraph 3)，we learn that the writer ________.
A．was mad at the sales agent
B．was reminded of the cruel pharaoh
C．wished that the sales agent would have bad dreams
D．dreamed of cutting the sales agent’s head that night
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段提到售票员是大笑着说，有幸灾乐祸的样子，所以作者很是恼火生气，但并非真的要砍她的头，故选A项。
11．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Helping others sincerely is the key to business success.
B．Delivering bad news properly is important in communication.
C．Receiving bad news requires great courage.
D．Learning ancient traditions can be useful.
解析：选B 主旨大意题。通读全文可以知道作者要给我们讲的是在给别人传递坏的消息的时候，要注意方式准确和得体的重要性，故选B项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Birth order plays a vital role in deciding the characteristics of a child. And when it comes to the middle child, it certainly plays a huge role. The middle children go through some things only they can understand. __1__
Mostly, middle children have to share a room. __2__ They need to share a room with an elder one because they’re too young to sleep alone. And just when they think they’ll finally have a room of their own, a voice is heard saying，“Dear, please share the room with your younger one, as he’s too small to sleep alone.”
Middle children tend to share clothes with their siblings (兄弟姐妹). Their cupboard is full of hand-me-downs from their older sibling, and they need to wear his clothes. __3__ They can always show off their elder sibling’s clothes and things at school. Also, they get to pass their own clothes to their younger sibling.
__4__ They’re liked by both, because they can relate well to both generations. On one hand they can recall how much fun it was watching Garfield and Friends, and on the other hand they can talk about the latest video game released in the market.
Siblings’ talking is one interesting thing about a middle child. They are not as boring as they appear.___5__ Also, thanks to the divided attention at home, middle children are independent and need not rely on anyone.
A．Instead, they are very artistic and creative.
B．But this comes with its own advantage too.
C．Here are some things a middle child can relate to.
D．They rarely enjoy the experience of having their own room.
E．And the dream of having their own room is completely destroyed.
F．They’re the problem solvers between their older and younger siblings.
G．As a middle kid, they are the bridge between their younger and older siblings.
语篇解读：本文为说明文。本文介绍了出生在中间的孩子在生活中不同于别的孩子的一些特点。
1.选C 本空承上启下，下文即是只有中间的孩子才能体会到的事。
2．选D 本空是对上句“have to share a room”的解释说明。
3．选B 下文即是穿哥哥姐姐的衣服的优势。
4．选G 本空为本段的主旨。由下句“They’re liked by both, because they can relate well to both generations.”可知，中间的孩子是兄弟姐妹之间的桥梁。
5．选A A项的“artistic and creative”与本空前的“not as boring as they appear”呼应。
Module 1课时跟踪练(三) Other Parts of the Module
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What is the feature (特点) of today’s TV program?
2．On Tuesday the country’s parliament (议会) voted to establish its own army.
3．Many representatives (代表) of the older generation were there.
4．The country is right now governed (统治) by a group of army officers.
5．The hospital has an ideal geographical (地理的) location.
6．Flooding is likely in some coastal regions (地区) of the northeast during the early part of the week.
7．On the opposite (对面的) wall is hanging one map as well as dozens of pictures.
8．Is there an agreement (协议) on how much aid will be sent?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Little on little, we began to get to know the representative.on→by
2．Prices are always rising these days. Up to now, the petrol price has increased to 20%.increased后的to→by
3．The whole population of the city were excited about the victory of Guangzhou Evergrande.were→was
4．On the one hand, they’d love to go abroad; but on other hand, they don’t want to leave their hometown.other前加the
5．The book belonged to me.belonged→belongs
6．The new building is twice as taller as the old one beside it.taller→tall_
Ⅲ.选词填空
in terms of， belong to， opposite， compared with， on the other hand， increase to， little by little， refer to， have a population of， govern
1．On the one hand, hospitals lose money. But, on_the_other_hand,_if people are healthy, don’t think of it as losing money; think of it as saving lives.
2．John hadn’t been able to stop smoking suddenly; he had to control his smoking desire_little_by_little.
3．You must not be governed by the opinions of others; instead, you should stick to your own view.
4．India has_a_population_of more than 1 billion.
5．In_terms_of speed and comfort, a bicycle can’t be compared with other means of transportation like car and train.
6．I got nervous when the woman seated opposite kept staring at me.
7.The number of the workers in this factory has increased_to 300.
8．What I have to say refers_to all of you.
9．The dictionary as well as grammar books that have bookmarks in them belongs_to Jane.
10．Though I am improving in my study, I still have a long way to go compared_with some of my classmates.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The price of beer ranged from 50 cents to D|S4 per litre during summer.
2．Jerry was very excited to see the playground where she used to play football covered (cover) with lots of snow.
3．Shanghai, situated (situate) on the Huangpu River, is the largest city of China.
4．About 30 percent of the pupils were (be) absent that day.
5．Not until he went through real hardship did_he_realise (he realise) the love we have for our families is important.
6．I think he eats my food because of his greed, not hunger.
7．Sweet foods such as chocolate can cause you to put on weight.
8．Do you know that Yuan Longping is known as father of hybrid rice?
9．Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have_dreamed (dream) about taking a great bike trip.
10．Facing (face) the great fame, Li Yugang still keeps modest.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．For a moment nothing happened. Then came_voices all shouting together.
一时间什么都没有发生。接着传来了所有人一起大喊的声音。
2．I am_often_asked to do this job.
我经常被要求做这份工作。
3．Both bread and milk are_good_for your health.
面包和牛奶对你的健康都有好处。
4．Either the teacher or the students are_to_blame.
或者老师或者学生们负有责任。
5．Doing eye exercises is_good_for your eyes.
做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。
6．Whether they will hold a party or not has_not_been_decided.
他们还没有决定是否举行派对。
7．His family are_waiting_for him.
他的家人正在等他。
8．The mother along with her two children goes_to_the_park every weekend.
这位母亲和她的两个孩子每个周末都要去公园。
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
In the early part of the twentieth century, racism (种族歧视) was widespread in the United States. Many African Americans were not given equal opportunities in education or employment. Marian Anderson (1897－1993) was an African American woman who gained fame as a concert singer in this climate of racism. She was born in Philadelphia and sang in church choirs during her childhood. When she asked for admission to a local music school in 1917, she was refused because she was black. Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for religious activities. In 1929, she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there. Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe. Then she returned to the US in 1935 and became a top concert singer after performing at Town Hall in New York City.
Racism again affected Anderson in 1939. When it was arranged to sing at Constitution Hall in Washington, DC, the Daughters of the American Revolution opposed (反对) it because of her color. She sang instead at the Lincoln Memorial for over 75,000 people. In 1955, Anderson became the first black soloist (独唱) to sing in the Metropolitan Opera of New York City. The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as “heard only once in a hundred years”. She was a US delegate (代表) to the United Nations in 1958 and won the UN peace prize in 1977. Anderson eventually triumphed over racism.
语篇解读：本文介绍了美国黑人歌唱家玛丽安·安德生如何凭着自身实力和勤奋战胜了种族歧视，获得了事业上的成功。
1．According to this passage, what did Marian Anderson do between 1917 and 1929?
A．She studied at a music school.
B．She sang for religious activities.
C．She sang at Town Hall in New York.
D．She studied voice in Europe.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段“Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for religious activities.”可知在1917年到1929年之间Anderson为宗教活动唱歌。选B。
2．Toscanini thought that Marian Anderson ________.
A．had a very rare (稀有的) voice
B．sang occasionally in public
C．sang only once in many years
D．was seldom heard by people
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第二段“The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as ’heard only once in a hundred years’．”可知Toscanini说她的嗓音是百年难得一见的，所以是稀少的，故选A。
3. Anderson’s beautiful voice was first recognized ________.
A．at the Lincoln Memorial
B．in Washington, DC.
C．in Europe
D．at the United Nations
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二、三句“... she went to Europe ... praised throughout Europe.”可知她的美妙的声音一开始是在欧洲被认可。选C。
4．This passage shows that Anderson finally defeated racism in the US by ________.
A．opposing the government
B．working for the United Nations
C．singing in the streets
D．working hard to perfect her art
解析：选D 主旨大意题。由文章主旨可知，Anderson凭着认真工作使得她的艺术完美，借此击败种族歧视。选D。
Ⅱ.语法填空
In India, a lot of elephants aren’t wild. Instead, they are domesticated (驯养的). They aren’t kept as pets, __1__ as working animals. Every working elephant has its own keeper. An elephant and its keeper meet for the first time when they are both young. __2__ (develop) a strong and lasting relationship, the elephant and its keeper grow up together. In fact, __3__ (they) relationship continues for the rest of the elephant’s life — perhaps 40 years. Lots of elephants work in the forest, __4__ (move) heavy trees after they are cut down. Some give rides to tourists, or carry people during __5__(celebrate) and festivals. Keepers try to take good care of their elephants, feeding them well and giving them __6__ bath at the end of the working day.
Another animal __7__ is treated in a special way in India is the cow. Cows are __8__ (protect) animals, so they aren’t kept on farms or killed __9__ food, although people do use their milk. So in India you can often see cows walking around in a town or city, and nobody tries to control them. If they sit down in the middle of the road, people __10__ (usual) try to keep away from them. Do you think it’s interesting?
语篇解读：本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了印度两种特别的动物。
1．but not ... but ...是习惯搭配，意思是“不是……而是……”。
2．To develop “To develop a strong and lasting relationship”是不定式短语作目的状语。
3．their 空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词relationship，需用形容词性物主代词。
4．moving “moving heavy trees after they are cut down”是现在分词短语作状语，表示方式。
5．celebrations 空格中所填单词在句中作介词during的宾语，需用celebrate的名词形式。
6．a give sb. a bath意思是“给某人洗澡”。
7．that/which 关系代词that/which修饰先行词animal，引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
8．protected protected animals意思是“受保护动物”。
9．for for此处表示目的。
10．usually 空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词，需用usual的副词形式。
Module 1课时跟踪练(二) Introduction & Reading — Language Points
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The Great Wall is a symbol (象征) of ancient Chinese civilisation.
2．She had to face (面对) the fact that her life had changed forever.
3．Her sculpture (雕塑) will be on show at the museum until the end of this month.
4．The museum, situated (位于) in the center of the city, is popular with the young.
5．How the ancient (古代的) Egyptians built the pyramids puzzled people for centuries.
6．Mozart’s birthplace (出生地) and the house where he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now.
7．The government has begun a new project (工程) at the airport to make passengers more comfortable.
8．As Chinese, we should take pride in our great civilisation (文明) from thousands of years ago.
9．The Alps Range (山脉) is famous for its beautiful scenery.
10．Located in Paris, the Louvre is one of the world’s largest art galleries (美术馆).
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．This restaurant has become popular for its wide ranges of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. ranges→range
2．The ground is covering with water. It must have rained last night.covering→covered
3．The parking lot, which is situating in the centre of the town, is not so large.situating→situated
4．She is no more than a teacher; she is also an intimate friend to us. 去掉no
5．Nearly 70% of the fund are supplied by the government.are→is
6．The open-air celebration has been put off because the bad weather.because后加of
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Among the students is_sitting_an_old_professor.
一位老教授正坐在学生们中间。
2．Three-quarters of the water has_been_wasted.
四分之三的水被浪费了。
3．I was bitten by a dog once and I’ve been afraid of them ever_since.
我曾经被狗咬过，至今还怕狗。
4．I_was_faced_with the awful job of breaking the news to the girl’s family.
我面临一个头疼的任务，要向女孩的家人通报这一消息。
5．The school is just across_the_hospital.
学校就在医院对面。
6．To finish my graduation paper, I referred to a_wide_range_of_books.
为了完成我的毕业论文，我查阅了一系列的书。
7．Green is usually regarded as a_symbol_of_life while red stands for joy and victory.
绿色通常被认为是生命的象征，而红色代表喜悦和胜利。
8．The little girl has many friends, such_as Jane, Rose and Tom.
这位小姑娘有很多好朋友，比如简、罗斯和汤姆。
9．In order to meet the deadline, Professor Smith along with his assistants is_working_on_the_project day and night.
为了如期完成，史密斯教授和他的助手日夜忙着这个项目。
10．Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of_all_time.
迈克尔·乔丹是有史以来最棒的篮球运动员。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Paris is the capital and largest city of France, 1.situated (situate) on the River Seine. The Eiffel Tower is 2.the famous symbol of Paris. The Louvre is also located in Paris. The city is also famous 3.for its restaurants, cafés and theatres.
Barcelona is the second 4.largest (large) city of Spain and 5.is_situated (situate) on the northeast coast. The Church of the Sagrada Familia is one of Barcelona’s most famous 6.landmarks (landmark)．
Florence is an Italian city 7.becoming (become) famous because 8.of the Renaissance. Each year, about a million tourists come 9.to_see (see) the art galleries, churches and museums in Florence.
Athens, the capital of Greece, is known 10.as the birthplace of western civilisation.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
杰克是美国人，他想在假期中横跨欧洲旅行(across)。首先他来到了被称为西方文明摇篮的雅典(be known as; civilisation)。在雅典，他参观了很多美术馆(gallery)，看到了许多雕塑并且遇到了一位著名的建筑师(sculpture; architect)。这位建筑师告诉杰克他正在从事一项工程(work on a project)，并打算使这项工程成为雅典的新标志(symbol)。
随后杰克飞越阿尔卑斯山脉(range), 来到巴黎。巴黎位于(situated)塞纳河畔，有世界著名的标志性建筑(landmark)——埃菲尔铁塔。法国约有三分之二(two-thirds of)的艺术家和作家都生活在巴黎。
Jack,_an_American,_wanted_to_travel_across_Europe_for_his_holidays._First,_he_got_to_Athens,_which_is_known_as_the_birthplace_of_western_civilisation._There_he_visited_a_number_of_galleries,_in_which_he_saw_many_sculptures_and_met_a_famous_architect._The_architect_told_him_that_he_was_working_on_a_project,_which_he_planned_to_make_as_a_new_symbol_of_Athens.
Then_Jack_flew_over_a_range_of_mountains_called_Alps,_and_reached_Paris._Situated_on_the_famous_River_Seine,_Paris_has_a_world-famous_landmark_—_the_Eiffel_Tower._About_two-thirds_of_France’s_artists_and_writers_live_in_Paris.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
I was only eight years old when the Second World War ended, but I can still remember something about the __1__ celebrations in the small town where I lived on the day when the war in Europe ended. We had not __2__ much from the war, though, like most children of my age, I often saw __3__ houses in the streets and the very big __4__ lorries passing through. But both at home and at school I had become __5__ to the phrases “before the war” and “when the war is over”. “Before the war”， obviously, __6__ had been better, though I was too young to understand why, __7__ there had been no bombs then, and people had eaten things like ice cream and bananas, which I had __8__ heard of. When the war was over we would go back to London, but this meant very __9__ to me. I did not remember what London was like.
What I remember now __10__ V-Day was the afternoon and the evening. Some boys and girls were collecting __11__ and building an enormous bonfire. We stood and watched them for a time, and then I went home and __12__ myself in with my key and waited for my parents to come back from work.
It was May and still broad __13__ when my mother arrived, and my father came in about an hour later. After dinner I said I wanted to __14__ the bonfire, so when it got dark my father took me to the end of the street. The bonfire was very __15__， and somehow people had collected some old clothes to __16__ “Hitler” with the moustache (胡子) they had put on top of it. Just as we arrived, they set light to it. The flames __17__ soon. Everyone was cheering and shouting.
I stood beside my father until the __18__ started to go down, not knowing what to say. He said nothing, either. He had __19__ in the First World War and remembered everything he had experienced. At last he said, “Well, that’s it, son. Let’s hope that this time it really will be the __20__ one.”
语篇解读：本文通过“我”——一个八岁孩子的所见所闻，介绍了庆祝二战胜利的“胜利日”的情景，以及人们对和平的渴望。愿世界永无战争。
1．A.war B．victory
C．Christmas D．birthday
解析：选B 根据空后的“when the war in Europe ended”及后文“V-Day”“bonfire”可知应是对二战“胜利”的庆祝。
2．A.suffered B．learnt
C．heard D．read
解析：选A 尽管“我”经常看到街上“被炸”的房子和庞大的“军车”，但是我们并没有“遭受太多的痛苦”。
3．A.crowded B．rebuilt
C．bombed D．enlarged
解析：选C 解析见上题。
4．A.modern B．ancient
C．railway D．army
解析：选D 解析见第2题。
5．A.used B．devoted
C．situated D．related
解析：选A 因为耳濡目染，所以我们对“战前”“战后”这些词已经“习惯”了。become used to“对……变得习惯”。
6．A.galleries B．things
C．houses D．landmarks
解析：选B 此处是指很明显，战前的“情况”好一些。things意为“情况，形势”，符合题意。
7．A.except that B．now that
C．for fear that D．in order that
解析：选A 战前的好处“除了”没有轰炸和人们可以吃一些“我”“仅仅”听说过的食品之外，对一个孩子来说就没有其他任何的概念了。except that“除了”；now that“既然”；for fear that“唯恐”；in order that“为了”。
8．A.never B．hardly
C．only D．already
解析：选C 解析见上题。
9．A.much B．little
C．great D．important
解析：选B 根据后文“I did not remember what London was like.”可知，回伦敦对“我”来说几乎没有任何意义。
10．A.about B．on
C．for D．during
解析：选A remember about“记得关于……的事情”。
11．A.money B．wood
C．information D．clothes
解析：选B 要“building an enormous bonfire”当然要收集“木头”(wood)。
12．A.showed B．allowed
C．let D．called
解析：选C 根据“with my key”可知是“用钥匙开门进屋”，故选C项。show sb. in“把某人带进来”；allow sb. in“允许某人进入”；call sb. in“把某人叫进来”。
13．A.early B．daylight
C．dark D．warm
解析：选B 根据“It was May”及常理可知外面“光线(daylight)”还很亮。
14．A.see B．light
C．find D．put out
解析：选A 由下文可知“我”想要去“看(see)”篝火。
15．A.high B．hot
C．dangerous D．far
解析：选A 根据第11空后的“an enormous bonfire”可知，篝火一定很“高(high)”。
16．A.draw B．paint
C．write D．dress
解析：选D 此处是指人们收集旧衣服是给“希特勒”穿的。
17．A.disappeared B．happened
C．rose D．came
解析：选C 火当然是越烧越旺，越烧越高。
18．A.sun B．moon
C．fire D．noise
解析：选C “我”站在父亲身边一直到“火(fire)”势开始小下来。
19．A.fought B．worked
C．grown D．changed
解析：选A 根据后文“remembered everything he had experienced”可知作者的父亲参加过第一次世界大战，记着他所经历的一切。
20．A.best B．worst
C．first D．last
解析：选D 此处是说让我们希望这次战争真的是“最后(last)”一次了。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Today is Mother’s Day. I hadn’t seen my mother for two weeks already.
My mother is a doctor and always busy on her work. When I was a child, my mother sent me live with my grandparents, who lived in the small village. When I was older enough to go to the school, I began to come back to live with my parents. However, my mother was often too busy that every day when she came back after work, I had fallen sleep. I used to hating her, but now I can understand her. This afternoon we gave her a call, saying, “Mom, I love you.”
答案：第二句：hadn’t→haven’t
第三句：on→with
第四句：live前加to; the→a
第五句：older→old; 去掉the
第六句：too→so; sleep→asleep
第七句：hating→hate
第八句：we→I
