Module 6 Old and New Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading Pre-reading
China is celebrating the completion of the construction of the Three Gorges Dam, the world’s largest project that has been a dream of Chinese leaders since the early 20th century. It is 185 meters high and able to produce enough electricity. People have called it an engineering wonder of the world.
The Three Gorges Dam, which stretches across the Yangtze River in Central China’s Hubei Province, has been completed nine months ahead of schedule, after 13 years of work, and an expenditure (支出) of $25 billion.
It was the Chinese Nationalist leader Sun Yat-sen who, in 1919, first conceived (构想) the idea of a giant dam to control the Yangtze’s devastating (毁灭性的) annual floods.
In recent years, the push to build a dam has been driven by more modern economic considerations. With China’s rapidly growing economy, China badly needs more power. The government says the dam will go some way toward solving the country’s energy shortage.
Environmentalists, however, have suggested that the reservoir that will be created could become a giant cesspool (污水坑), as untreated waste from nearby cities or chemicals from factories build up.
Section_ⅠIntroduction & Reading — Pre-reading
[原文呈现]
The Three Gorges① Dam②
“Walls of stone to hold back③ clouds and rain”
Mao Zedong wrote a poem ④in which he dreamed of⑤“walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises⑥ in the narrow⑦ gorges”. Now his dream has come true⑧. The power of the Yangtze River, which is the world’s third longest river⑨，has been harnessed⑩ by the Three Gorges Dam.
The Three Gorges Dam, which is the biggest construction? project in China since the building of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal?， has been built to control flooding and provide hydro-electric? power for the central region? of China. The dam is nearly 200 metres high and 1.5 kilometres wide. It is the largest hydro-electric power station and dam in the world and has cost more than any other construction project in history.
[读文清障]
①gorge/ɡ??d?/n.峡谷
②dam/d?m/n.坝；堤；水闸
③hold back阻止
④in which he dreamed of ...是in which引导的定语从句，which指代a poem。
⑤dream of做梦；梦见；向往
⑥rise vi.上升，升起(rise－rose－risen)
⑦narrow/’n?r??/adj.狭窄的
⑧come true(梦想等)变成现实
本短语不用于被动语态。
⑨which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰the Yangtze River, which作从句的主语。
⑩harness/’hɑ?nIs/vt.利用；将(自然力)变成动力
?construction/k?n’str?k?n/n.建造；建设；建筑
?which is the biggest ...是which引导的非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语，指代the Three Gorges Dam。
?hydro-electric/?haIdr??’IlektrIk/adj.水力发电的
?region n．地区
三峡大坝
[第1～2段译文]
“更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨”
毛泽东写过一首词，在词中，他想象了“更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖”的壮丽景观。如今，他的理想变成了现实。三峡大坝利用了世界第三长河——长江的能量。
三峡大坝是自修筑长城和开凿京杭大运河以来中国最大的建筑工程，它已经建成，用于控制长江的洪灾，并为中国中部地区提供电力。大坝将近200米高，1 500米宽。它是世界上最大的水力发电站和水坝，造价超过历史上的其他任何一项建筑工程。
Sun Yat-sen, who was the leader of the 1911 Revolution?， first suggested the idea of a dam across the Yangtze River in 1919. Three quarters of China’s energy is produced by burning coal. In 1993, China used 1.2 billion tons of coal for heating and generating? electricity. Unfortunately, burning coal causes serious air pollution and increases global? warming. The dam will generate electricity equal to about 40 million tons of coal? without causing so much air pollution.
The reservoir? has flooded 2 cities, 11 counties, 140 towns and more than 4,000 villages. More than a million people who lived in the region? have moved from their homes. Now they’re living a happy new life in different areas.
The Three Gorges area is one of the most beautiful areas of China and the project has flooded some of China’s most famous historicalsites， including the Qu Yuan Temple， the Han Watchtower and the Moya Cliffcarvings. About 800 historical relics have been submerged. Some of them are being removed and some are being put into museums.
?who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰Sun Yat-sen, who在从句中作主语。
?generate/’d?en??reIt/vt.发(电)
?global/’ɡl??bl/adj.全球的
?本句中形容词短语equal to about 40 million tons of coal作后置定语，修饰electricity。可转换成定语从句which is equal to about 40 million tons of coal。
?reservoir/’rez??vwɑ?/n.水库
?who lived in the region是定语从句，修饰more than a million people, who在从句中作主语。
live a(n) ...life过着……的生活
historical/hI’st?rIkl/adj.历史的；有关历史的
historic adj.有历史意义的
site/saIt/n.场所；遗址
including the Qu Yuan Temple＝the Qu Yuan Temple included
watchtower/’w?t??ta??/n.望台
cliff/klIf/n.悬崖；峭壁
carving/’kɑ?vI?/n.(尤指木头、象牙等的)雕刻(品)
relic/’relIk/n.(常作复数)(历史的)遗迹；遗物
submerge/s?b’m??d?/vt.浸入水中；淹没
remove/rI’mu?v/vt.迁移；搬迁
[第3～5段译文]
早在1919年，领导了辛亥革命的孙逸仙(中山)先生就首次提出了要修筑横跨长江的大坝的设想。中国四分之三的能量是通过燃煤获得的。1993年，中国燃掉了12亿吨煤用于供热和发电。不幸的是，燃煤导致了严重的大气污染，并且加剧了全球变暖。大坝将要生产相当于燃烧4 000万吨煤所产生的电量，但却不会造成那么严重的空气污染。
水库淹没了2个城市、11个县、140个镇和4 000多个村庄。生活在这一地区的100多万人已经从他们的家园搬走了。现在，他们在不同的地区过着幸福的新生活。
三峡地区是中国风光最优美的地区之一，由于大坝工程，一些非常著名的中国历史遗迹已被水淹没，包括屈原祠、汉望塔和摩崖石刻。大约800处历史遗迹已被淹没。其中有一些正在被转移，还有一些正在被博物馆收藏。
Pre-reading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．civil A．n.(常作复数)(历史的)遗迹；遗物
2．reservoir B．vt.容纳(乘客等)
3．structure C．adj.民用的，国内的
4．terminal D．n.水库
5．accommodate E．n.建筑物；结构
6．construction F．n.候机厅；终点站；(机场的)集散站
7．relic G．n.建造；建设；建筑
8．generate H．vt.迁移；搬迁
9．historical I．adj.全球的
10．narrow J．vt.淹没；浸入水中
11．submerge K．vt.发(电)
12．global L．adj.有关历史的；历史的
13．remove M．adj.狭窄的
1～5________ 6～10________ 11～13________
答案：1～5 CDEFB 6～10 GAKLM 11～13 JIH
Lead-in
Are you familiar with these famous historical sites? Match the following pictures with their names.
A．the Summer Palace
B．the Temple of Heaven
C．the Great Wall
D．the Leaning Tower of Pisa
E．Stonehenge
F．the Forbidden City
G．the ruins of Yuanmingyuan
H．the Taj Mahal
I．Pyramids
答案：①F ②G ③I ④E ⑤H ⑥A ⑦C ⑧D ⑨B
While-reading
Fast-reading
Read the text quickly and match the main idea with each part.
(1)Para.1 A．Mao Zedong’s dream has come true
(2)Para.2 B．great benefit brought by the dam
(3)Para.3 C．some disadvantages brought by the dam
(4)Para.4&5 D．descriptions of the dam
(1)～(4)____________
答案：(1)～(4) ADBC
Careful-reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answers.
1．Why is the Three Gorges Dam constructed?
A．To harness the Yangtze River.
B．To control flooding and provide hydro-electric power for the central region of China.
C．To reduce air pollution caused by burning coal.
D．To realise Mao Zedong’s dream.
2．Who came up with the idea of constructing the dam first?
A．Mao Zedong. B．Sun Yat-sen.
C．The government. D．Some experts.
3．Which of the following is TRUE about the Three Gorges Dam?
A．It is a wall of stone to hold back clouds.
B．It is the third largest dam in the world.
C．It is nearly 200 metres high and 15 kilometres wide.
D．It has cost more than any other construction project in history.
4．What is the benefit after the construction?
A．Many cities, towns and villages have been flooded.
B．More than one billion people in the region have moved from their homes.
C．The dam generates electricity for the central region of China.
D．Many famous historical sites have been flooded.
5．What does the writer think of the construction of the Three Gorges Dam according to the text?
A．There will be more advantages.
B．It will bring some problems.
C．The disadvantages are much more than advantages.
D．Not mentioned at all.
答案：1～5 BBDCA
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．The Three Gorges Dam, which is the biggest construction project in China since the building of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal, has been built to control flooding and provide hydro-electric power for the central region of China.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 三峡大坝是自修筑长城和开凿京杭大运河以来中国最大的建筑工程，它已经建成，用于控制长江的洪灾，并为中国中部地区提供电力。
2．The dam will generate electricity equal to about 40 million tons of coal without causing so much air pollution.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 大坝将要生产相当于燃烧4_000万吨煤所生产的电量，但却不会造成那么严重的空气污染。
3．The Three Gorges area is one of the most beautiful areas of China and the project has flooded some of China’s most famous historical sites, including the Qu Yuan Temple, the Han Watchtower and the Moya Cliff carvings.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 三峡地区是中国风光最优美的地区之一。由于大坝工程，一些非常著名的中国历史遗迹已被水淹没，包括屈原祠、汉望塔和摩崖石刻。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
No one can believe that the over 6,300-kilometer Great Wall might disappear some day. Believe it or not, the Great Wall is being destroyed by people. Less than 20 percent of the Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty, is still perfect, but about 80 percent is in danger. The Great Wall can be called “great” mostly because of its amazing length. But we should realize that the length was made up of one brick at a time. If we do nothing to save the Great Wall, it will become a series of separate wasteland rather than a historic site.
The Great Wall is actually a series of walls built and rebuilt by different dynasties over the past 2,000 years. It began in the rule of China’s first emperor, Qin Shihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221BC－206BC), and lasted into the Ming Dynasty. The parts built before the Ming Dynasty have nearly disappeared. People are familiar with sections such as Badaling in Beijing and Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu, because they have been open to tourists for many years. But those_sections_far_away_from_the_public_eyes have been almost forgotten.
Few local people knew the 3-meter-high walls made of earth and stones beside them are parts of the Great Wall. The lack of knowledge is considered as one of the main reasons behind human.
The bricks on the Great Wall are carried off by countryside people to build their houses, sheep corrals and pigsties. Some were taken away to build roads. Bricks carved with people’s names are put away as remembrances. The rubbish is spread over the battlements. The brick can be sold 15 yuan per tractor load. Those who destroyed and are destroying the Wall know its name, but are not clear about its cultural meaning. It will take a long time to let them know this. The local farmers not only carried off the body of the Wall but also dug out the entire base.
It is necessary to protect the Great Wall. First of all, the officials should be aware of the importance of the Great Wall. Young Chinese should know more about the nation’s great civilization and learn to love it.
语篇解读：本文叙述了历史文化古迹——长城正在遭到破坏，由于人们对于古迹缺乏认识，做了许多破坏性的事情，呼吁人们要保护好长城。
1.Why does the writer say the Great Wall might disappear?
A．It is useless from now on.
B．It is too old to be used again.
C．It will be replaced by a new one.
D．Some parts of it are being destroyed.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段“Believe it or not, the Great Wall is being destroyed by people.”故选D。
2．The underlined part “those sections far away from the public eyes” (in Para.2) refers to the parts of the Great Wall ________.
A．nobody can watch
B．that are too far to be seen
C．that are too difficult to find
D．that are not well-known to the public
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据画线部分前的“People are familiar with ...open to tourists for many years.”可以推出这部分长城没有向游人开放，故选D。
3．What’s the main reason of the Great Wall being destroyed?
A．The local people sell the bricks for a living.
B．The local people are short of culture knowledge.
C．The local people think that the Great Wall is not important.
D．The local people need bricks and stones to build houses.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The lack of knowledge is ...reasons behind human.”故选B。
4．Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?
A．How to Protect the Great Wall
B．How the Great Wall came into being
C．The Great Wall Being Rebuilt
D．The Great Wall Being in Danger
解析：选D 标题归纳题。根据通篇文章和文章的开头可以看出应选D。
B
The basic flag of the United States is one of the world’s oldest national flags. Only the basic flags of Austria, Denmark, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Switzer land are older.
During the discovery and settlement of what is now the United States, the flags of various European nations were flown over the land, as symbols of possession.
Later, in the Colonial and Revolutionary War periods, flags representing famous persons, places, and events were flown in the American Colonise.
The first official flag of the United States was created by Congress on June 14,1777. It consisted of 13 alternate red and white stripes and 13 white stars in a field of blue, representing the 13 colonies that had declared their independence in 1776. Congress adopted a new flag of 15 stars and 15 stripes in 1795, to give representation to the two new states admitted into the Union, Vermont and Kentucky.
By 1817, there were 20 states in the Union, and it became apparent that adding one stripe for each new state would destroy the shape of the flag. As a result, Congress in 1818 restored the original design of 13 stripes and provided that each state was to be represented by one star. In 1921 Preside William H. Taft made the first official provision for the arrangement of the stars. He ordered that there be six even rows of eight stars each. Previously the arrangement of the stars had been left to the flag-maker’s fancy.
The evolution of the stars and stripes reflects the growth of the United States. After the admission of Hawaii into the Union in 1959, the flag was official changed for the 26th time since its creation.
There are many government flags flown in the United States in addition to the national flag. Among them are the president’s and vice-president’s flags and those of the federal departments and some federal agencies. Each state in the Union has an official flag. The United States Navy uses special flags for signaling.
语篇解读：本文介绍美国国旗的历史。
5．The basic flag of the United States is ________.
A．the oldest national flag in the world
B．one of the world’s oldest flags
C．the most beautiful flag in the West
D．as old as the basic flags of some European nations
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段“The basic flag of the United States is one of the world’s oldest national flags.”可知答案为B。
6．Before the War of Independence the flags of various European nations flown over the land were symbols of ________.
A．self-rule B．occupation
C．peace and friendship D．independence
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段“During the discovery and ...symbols of possession.”可知答案为B。
7．The first official flag of the United States was adopted ________.
A．before the Independence War
B．right after the Independence War
C．when independence was declared in 1776
D．during the War of Independence which ended in 1783
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第四段“The first official flag of ...on June 14, 1777.”可知国旗创立于1777年7月14日，在美国独立战争期间(1776－1783)，即答案为D。
8．The 13 red and white stripes and 13 white stars represent ________.
A．13 independent states
B．the colonies that declared independence in 1776
C．the U．S. Congress
D．13 famous figures in the American colonies
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第四段“It consisted of ...independence in 1776.”可知答案为B。
C
In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photo.
The next important date in the history of photography was in 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world. People took picture of famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, photography was developed. Then photographers could take picture of people and moving things. That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines. But this did not stop them, for example, some in the United States worked so hard.
Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer. He took many picture of great people. The picture were unusual because they were very lifelike (栩栩如生的)．
Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings, like other kinds of art.
语篇解读：本文主要叙述的摄像技术的发展历程，以及这一过程中一些重要的人物和事件。
9．The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture of ________.
A．his business B．his house
C．his garden D．his window
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden.”可知他拍的第一张照片是他的花园的照片。故C正确。
10．If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to ________.
A．watch lots of films
B．buy an expensive camera
C．stop in most cities
D．take many films and something else with him
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines.”可知要拍摄移动的物体，需要不同寻常的胶卷以及一些其他的机器。故D正确。
11．Mathew Brady ________.
A．was very lifelike
B．was famous for his unusual pictures
C．was quite strong
D．took many pictures of moving people
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Mathew Brady ...unusual because they were very lifelike (栩栩如生的)．”可知Mathew Brady出名是因为他拍摄的不同寻常的照片。故B正确。
12．This passage tells us ________.
A．how photography was developed
B．how to show your ideas and feelings in pictures
C．how to take pictures in the world
D．how to use different cameras
解析：选A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要叙述的是摄像技术的发展历程，以及这一过程中一些重要的人物和事件。故A正确。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Five Ways to Control Your Anxiety
How can you find some enjoyment and keep your anxiety in control? Try the following five steps for a less anxious you.
Stop comparing yourself to others. When you compare your life to others’, you are giving up your power. People have success or failures at different points in their lives. You might think others have better lives, but you don’t have the full story. Next time you begin to compare yourself to someone else, tell yourself this, “I only compare me to me.” __1__
Be grateful. Gratitude is the secret to a happier, less anxious you. __2__ When you practice gratitude, you start training your brain to pay attention to all the wonderful things about your life and doing so improves your mood little by little.
Forget perfect. Going after perfection sets you up to feel defeated. Accept that you will have days that are far from perfect and learn to laugh at the funny things that go wrong at the wrong time. __3__
Move your body. __4__ I’m sure you’ll feel better especially if you exercise regularly. Doing exercise will give you a sense of achievement that you can use to deal with other difficulties in your life.
Connection with other people. If you struggle with anxiety, you may not feel like putting yourself into social situations, but isolating (使孤立) yourself socially is the worst thing you can do. Connecting with others can help you realize everyone has struggles and that people are there for you. __5__ Connection can help you improve your mood.
A．Life is so much more enjoyable when you expect less of it.
B．Make sure you aren’t going around trying to please everyone.
C．It is scientifically proved that exercise can improve your mood.
D．See a friend, call a family member or just smile at strangers passing by.
E．Pen and paper can provide you with a special place to express your feelings.
F．When you take time to enjoy all the good things, you can’t help but feel good.
G．Only by competing with yourself to be a better you can you get where you want to be.
答案：1～5 GFACD
课件25张PPT。Module 6 Old and New Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading Language Points
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.canaln. 运河
2.civiladj. 民用的；国内的
3.damn. 坝；堤；水闸
4.gorgen. 峡谷
5.structuren. 建筑物；结构
6.datevi. 始于(某一历史时期)
7.relicn. (常作复数)(历史的)遗迹；遗物
8.siten. 场所；遗址
9.generatevt. 发(电)
10.harnessvt. 利用；将(自然力)变成动力
11.narrowadj. 狭窄的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.engineeringn．(土木)工程→engineer n．工程师→engine n．引擎
2.accommodatevt.容纳(乘客等)→accommodation n．住宿；工作场所
3.constructionn．建造；建设；建筑→construct vt.建设；建造
4.historicaladj.历史的；有关历史的→history n．历史→historic adj.有历史意义的
5.poemn．诗→poetry n．诗歌→poet n．诗人
6.globaladj.全球的→globe n．地球仪；球，球状物
1.hydro-electric adj.水力发电的
[记法] hydro-(＝water, 表示“水”)＋electric(电)→水力发电的
[联想] ①electricity n． 电力；电流
②electrician n. 电工；电气技师
③electrical adj. 有关电的
④electric adj. 带电的，充电的；导电的
2.reservoir n．水库
[联想]
①lake n．湖泊 ②pool n．水塘，水池
③river n．河，江 ④pond n．池塘
⑤sea n．海，海洋 ⑥ocean n．海洋
3.submerge vt.浸入水中；淹没
[记法] sub-(在……下) ＋ merge (吞没)→浸入水中；淹没
4.remove vt.迁移；搬迁
[记法] re-(再，又) ＋ move (移动)→迁移；搬迁
[联想] ①reserve v. 预订
②retull v. 复述
③rewrite v. 重写
④refresh v. 使恢复精力，提醒
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.date_from 起源于
2．hold_back 阻止
3．be_designed_to_do 被用来做
4．of_great_importance 很重要
5．dream_of 梦想
6．come_true (梦想、希望等)变成现实
7．in_history 在历史上
8．be_equal_to 等同于；相当于
1.to control flooding 控制洪灾
2．provide hydro-electric power 提供电力
3．the 1911 Revolution 辛亥革命
4．three quarters of China’s energy 中国四分之三的能量
5．by burning coal 通过燃煤
6．global warming 全球变暖
7．generate electricity 发电
8．live a happy new life 过着幸福的新生活
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.How far is the Great Wall of China from where you live?
中国的长城离你住的地方有多远？
where引导宾语从句。
She was free to go where_she_liked and do what she liked.
她去她喜欢去的地方，做她喜欢做的事情。
2.It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion.
它花费了6年的时间建成，耗资200亿美元。
It takes/took sb. sometime to do sth.意为“某人花费时间做某事”。
I caught a bad cold last month and it_took_a_whole_week
for_me_to_recover from it.
上个月我得了重感冒，花了一周的时间才恢复过来。
3.Is it possible to see the relics now that they have been submerged?
既然这些遗址被淹没了，那么还有可能再看到吗？
It作形式主语句型：It＋is/was＋adj./n.＋to do sth.。
Is_it_necessary_to_tell his father everything?
有必要把这一切都告诉他父亲吗？
4.Unfortunately, burning coal causes serious air pollution and increases global warming.
不幸的是，燃煤导致了严重的大气污染，并且加剧了全球变暖。
动名词短语作主语，表示一种概念、习惯或经验。
Listening_to_the_English_tapes_and_watching_English_films are good ways to learn English.
听英文磁带和看英文电影是学英语的好方法。
1．(教材P51)Most of the Great Wall dates from the Ming Dynasty (1368－1644)．
长城的大部分始建于明朝(1368－1644)。
?date vi.始于(某一历史时期) n．日期；约会
date from/date back to 起源于，追溯到
up to date 最新的
out of date 过时的
have a date with 与……约会
set a date for 选定……的日期
①The custom dates from/back to the 17th century.
这一习俗可以追溯到17世纪。
②The dress is out_of_date,_so I will feel embarrassed if I wear it to the dinner party.
这件连衣裙过时了，所以如果我穿着它去参加晚宴会感到很尴尬。
③They have set the date for their wedding.
他们已选定了婚期。
[名师点津] (1)date from/back to 常指以现在的时间点为起点，向前追溯到过去某个时间，因此在句中作谓语时要用一般现在时态，没有进行时和被动语态形式。(2)常用的没有被动语态形式的动词词组还有：
break out, run out, take place, belong to, go out, come out等。
2．(教材P51)The airport is within five hours’ flying time of half the world’s population and is designed to accommodate 80 million passengers a year.
世界上一半的人口都可以在五小时之内飞抵该机场，机场年计划可容纳八千万乘客。
?accommodate vt.容纳；使适应； 为……提供住宿vi.适应
(1)accommodate to 适应
accommodate oneself to 使自己适应……
(2)accommodation n. 食宿；膳食供应
make accommodations for 为……提供食宿
①The hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.
这家酒店可供500名客人住宿。
②Wherever he goes, he readily accommodates to/accommodates himself (he) to the changed conditions.
无论到哪里，他都能很快地适应变化的环境。
③The high cost of accommodations (accommodate) makes life difficult for students in this city.
高昂的住宿费使在这座城市就读的学生生活困难。
3．(教材P53)Mao Zedong wrote a poem in which he dreamed of “walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”．
毛泽东写过一首词，在词中，他想象了“更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖”的壮丽景观。
?hold back 阻止；抑制；隐瞒
hold on (打电话)稍候；继续；抓住不放
hold on to 坚持；抓住不放
hold out 坚持；伸出
hold up 举起；耽误
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
①Hearing her son’s success, she could not hold back tears of joy.
听到儿子成功了，她禁不住流下了喜悦的泪水。
②Hold_on_to my hand while we cross the street.
当我们过马路时，抓住我的手。
③They were ready to hold_out a friendly hand.
他们准备伸出友谊之手。
④She held_up her arm and wiped her tears off.
她抬起手擦去了眼角的泪。
4．(教材P53)Now his dream has come true.
如今，他的理想变成了现实。
?come true (希望、梦想等)变成现实
come about 产生，发生(无被动语态)
come across 偶遇
come on 快点；来吧；得了吧
come out 出现；出版；结果是
①The teacher’s words came true at last.
老师的话最终变成了现实。
②Can you tell me how the accident came about?
你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？
③The sun came out from behind the clouds late in the afternoon.
傍晚时分，太阳从云层后面露了出来。
[辨析比较]come true, realize
come true
其中come为系动词，意为“变成”，没有被动语态，主语通常是“希望、理想、梦想”等词
realize
作“实现”讲，是及物动词，可用于被动语态。sth. come true ＝ sth. be realized表示某事被实现了
选择上述词语填空
④Her dream of going abroad was finally realized.
⑤I hope his dream of becoming an inventor will come_true.
5．(教材P53)Some of them are being removed and some are being put into museums.
其中有一些正在被转移，还有一些正在被博物馆收藏。
?remove vt.迁移；搬迁；除去
remove ...from some place 把某物从某处移开
remove from ...to ... 从……搬迁到……
be removed from school 被学校开除
①They all came to help remove the stones from the fields.
他们都来帮忙把这些石头从地里搬走。
②Teenagers shouldn’t be removed from school although they don’t do well in studies.
即使青少年们在学业上做得不好，也不应该被学校开除。
③The company has removed_from London to Oxford.
这家公司已经从伦敦搬迁到牛津。
[辨析比较]remove, move
remove
强调完全放弃原来物体所处的位置而到达新的地点，remove还可以表示开除、消除、除去等意思
move
强调移动、搬动，指事物位置和姿态的改变
形象记忆
选择上述单词填空
④First, she removed her jacket and hung it over the chair. After that, she removed the dishes from the table. Then she asked her husband to move the table.
1．It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion.
它花费了6年的时间建成，耗资200亿美元。
(1)It takes/took sb. sometime to do sth.意为“某人花费时间做某事”， it在句中为形式主语，后面的不定式短语是句子的真正主语。
①It takes half an hour to go there on foot.
步行到那里去要半小时。
②It took workers 39 years to_build (build) the QinShihuang Tomb.
工人们花费了39年的时间建造秦始皇陵。
(2)英语中表示“花费”的词还有spend, cost和pay，其用法如下：
?sb. spend sth. on/(in) doing sth.“某人花费(时间、金钱)做某事”
③I spent 50 yuan on the book.
→I spent 50 yuanin buying the book.
我花50元买了这本书。
?sth. cost sb. some money “某物花了某人多少钱”
④The course cost me $500.
这门课程花了我500美元。
?sb. pay some money for sth.“某人为某物付多少钱”
⑤They pay $200 a week for this apartment.
这套房子他们每周要付租金200美元。
2．Unfortunately, burning coal causes serious air pollution and increases global warming.
不幸的是，燃煤导致了严重的大气污染，并且加剧了全球变暖。
(1)burning coal 在句中作主语，causes与increases是两个并列的谓语动词。动名词(短语)作主语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验，谓语动词通常用单数。
①Growing flowers is my hobby.
种花是我的爱好。
②His being_late again made his teacher very angry.
他又一次迟到使得他的老师非常生气。
[名师点津] 动名词与不定式作主语时的区别：
动名词表示一种抽象的和泛指的动作，而不定式则表示一次性的、具体的动作。
③Swimming is good exercise.
游泳是一项不错的运动。
④To swim in this polluted river is bad for your health.
在这条被污染了的河里游泳对你的健康不利。
(2)it可代替动名词(短语)作形式主语，常用于以下句型中：
It is no use/good doing ... 做某事是没用的
It is a waste of time doing ... 做某事是浪费时间
⑤It’s no use crying (cry) over spilt milk.
覆水难收。
⑥It’s_a_waste_of_time arguing with him.
和他争论真是浪费时间。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The old bridge which dates from the Ming Dynasty is being repaired now.
2．After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodation (accommodate) for the homeless families.
3．He was removed from school for playing truant (逃学) too often.
4．When he left the telephone to find a pencil, he asked me to hold on.
5．His dream will come (come) true sooner or later.
6．Three children were removed from school for bad behavior.
7．It took me three hours to_get (get) home last night.
8．He spent all his life writing (write) the book.
9．Playing (play) football ranks first in boys of all their after-class activities.
10．It’s no use trying (try) to persuade the boy.
Ⅱ.选词填空
date from， hold back， come true， dream of， in history， be designed to， be equal to， of great importance
1．The result is of_great_importance to me.
2．The Oscar Award is what all outstanding actors and actresses all dream_of winning.
3．The square was named in honour of a famous black leader in_history.
4．The system is_designed_to give students easy access to the digital resources of the library.
5．They must do something to hold_back rushing fans.
6．Not everyone is_equal_to the task because it calls for special skills and much patience.
7．The Pyramid, which dates_from thousands of years ago, belongs to Egypt.
8．He worked day and night, and finally his dream of becoming a teacher came_true.
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What are the affects of global (全球的) warming on our climate?
2．Our office has removed (搬迁) from Shanghai to Beijing.
3．It was a large hall, where a lot of people could be comfortably accommodated (容纳).
4．The machine generates (发) electricity.
5．A monument marks the site (遗址) of the battle.
6．Mr. White gave all the historical (有关历史的) papers of his grandfather to the public library according to his grandfather’s will.
7．A bridge is a structure (建筑物) built over a river or a road that allows people or vehicles to cross from one side to the other.
8．These stone carvings (雕刻) date back to Warring States Periods.
9．He is studying engineering (土木工程) at university.
10．Civil (民用的) law is different from criminal law (刑法).
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The other day we visited an ancient church in Rome, dates from the sixth century.dates→dating或dates前加which
2．Most employers will make accommodations with excellent employees. with→for
3．Please remove your bag to the seat. to→from
4．It’s pretty windy.You’d better hold on your hat.on后加to
5．His dream to be an actor has been come true. 去掉been
6．He has removed his family from the countryside the nearby town.countryside后加to
7．In the competition of this international table tennis, she narrow won the championship. narrow→narrowly
8．It took her longer than she expected get a passport. get前加to
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．It took us a long time and a lot of money to_build_the_house.
修建这栋房子花了我们很多时间和大量金钱。
2．She spent_too_much_money_on clothes.
她在衣服上面花钱太多了。
3．Walking_is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
散步对年轻人和老年人来说是一项很好的运动。
4．Now_that_the_kids_have_left_home we’ve got a lot of extra place.
既然孩子们都离开了家，我们住得更宽绰了。
5．This is the house in_which_he_lived when he was very young.
这是他小时候住过的房子。
6．The history of their family dates_from/back_to_300_years_ago.
他们家族的历史追溯到300年前。
7．We can accommodate_him_for the night.
我们能供他住一夜。
8．The boss was unable to hold_back_his_anger any longer.
老板再也抑制不住他的怒火了。
9．His_goal_has_finally_come_true after so many years’ hard work.
经过这么多年的辛苦工作，他的目标终于实现了。
10．It is a waste of time talking_about_that.
讨论那件事是浪费时间。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
The power of the Yangtze River has been 1.harnessed (harness) by the Three Gorges Dam, 2.which is the biggest construction project in China,3.to_control (control) flooding and provide hydro-electric power. In 4.the past, most of China’s energy was produced by burning coal which causes air pollution and 5.global (globe) warming. 6.So the dam can generate electricity and solve the problem. During the building, many people moved 7.from their homes, some famous historical sites were flooded and some 8.were_removed (remove). But the Three Gorges area is still beautiful.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
我一直梦想 (dream of) 着有一天能去三峡，我的梦想终于实现了(come true)。2006年3月15日我乘坐一辆能容纳 (accommodate) 40名乘客的大巴车去了三峡。当我走在宽广的大坝(dam)上时，我看见大坝仍在建设中 (under construction)。现在它已完工。它是一个水力发电工程 (hydro-electric engineering)，可以用作水库 (reservoir)。它已产生 (generate) 大量的能量，已经向许许多多的人提供了电力。
I’m_always_dreaming_of_going_to_the_Three_Gorges_one_day,_and_my_dream_has
come_true.__On_March_15th,_2006,_I_went_there_in_a_bus_which_could_accommodate_40_passengers._When_I_was_walking_along_the_wide_dam,_I_saw_it_was_still_under_construction._Now_it_has_been_completed._It_is_a_hydro-electric_engineering,_which_is_also_used_as_an_reservoir._It_has_generated_a_large_amount_of_energy,_which_has_provided_many_people_with_enough_electricity.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
When Glen Kruger picked a small cat from an animal shelter, he did not expect much. Yet right from the start, eight years ago, there was an uncommon connection between him and the small black cat. He __1__ her Inky.
“I grew up on a hundred-acre farm and had only cats __2__ playmates，” Kruger, the seventy-year-old man, says. “My hearing was damaged by the __3__ of farm equipment, so I learned to connect with __4__. They react to what they see and what you do.”
Inky was a gentle cat, __5__ the house with five other cats. But on a January night, Inky did __6__ that would set her apart from __7__ cats forever. Kruger had gone down to the basement (地下室) to __8__ the wood stove (炉子) for the night. When he finished, he __9__ to the top of the stairs and reached to turn off the lights. In doing so, he slipped (滑倒) and __10__ his back against an old shelf. The heavy shelf came crashing down and sent Kruger down the stairs. __11__ in a pool of blood on the basement floor, Kruger felt __12__ going into shock (休克). He shouted for help, __13__ his wife, Brenda, was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite end of the house. __14__ Kruger noticed Inky watching from the top of the stairs.
“Go get Brenda，” Kruger said to Inky.
Inky __15__ to the bedroom door and scratched (抓，挠) __16__ until Brenda opened it. Then Inky led her to the __17__.Brenda found her husband __18__ the stairs and called 911. Kruger was rushed to the hospital. “I spent six months __19__ there，” says Kruger, “Although I became lame, I was blessed.” Since the accident, Inky has __20__ left Kruger’s side.
语篇解读：本文叙述的是Glen Kruger听力受损之后，在动物救助中心捡到了一只猫，他把它叫作Inky，在一月的一个晚上，Inky救了它的主人的生命的过程。
1．A.gave B．named
C．chose D．remembered
解析：选B 这里是说Glen Kruger给他捡到的小猫“起了个名字(named)”叫Inky，所以选B。
2．A.like B．except
C．as D．among
解析：选C Glen Kruger说他在一个一百英亩的农场上长大，只有猫“作为(as)”他的玩伴，所以选C。
3．A.sound B．alarm
C．noise D．voice
解析：选C Glen Kruger的听力只能是被机器的“噪声(noise)”损坏，其他三个选项都不会损坏人的听力，所以选C。
4．A.friends B．animals
C．farmers D．neighbors
解析：选B 根据第一段中的“there was an uncommon connection between him and the small black cat”和后面“They react to what they see and what you do.”可知，这里的they是指动物。所以选B。
5．A.dividing B．visiting
C．sharing D．discovering
解析：选C 根据“Inky was a gentle cat”可知，Inky很温顺，所以它和其它五只猫“共同(sharing)”住在一个屋里，所以选C。
6．A.anything B．nothing
C．everything D．something
解析：选D 根据后面讲的Inky救Glen Kruger命的过程，可知是它做了一件让它与其它普通的猫区别开的事。所以用D。
7．A.familiar B．lovely
C．ordinary D．outstanding
解析：选C 与Inky救主人的命比起来，其它的猫相对就是“普通的(ordinary)”了，所以选C。
8．A.shut out B．shut off
C．shut down D．shut up
解析：选B shut out “把……关在外面”； shut off “关闭”； shut down “停工”； shut up “住嘴，囚禁”。可以看出，四个选项中只有B项能与wood stove搭配，所以选B。
9．A.marched B．flew
C．struggled D．climbed
解析：选D 当他结束后，“爬(climb)”到楼梯顶上，去关灯。故选D项。
10．A.hit B．bent
C．shook D．pulled
解析：选A 根据后面沉重的架子倒在地上，并把Glen Kruger也带下了楼梯，所以是他在关灯的过程中，他的背“撞(hit)”在一个旧架子上，故选A项。
11．A.Falling B．Lying
C．Appearing D．Thinking
解析：选B 根据前面的Glen Kruger被架子带下了楼梯，所以他应是“躺(lying)”在血泊里，所以选B。
12．A.it B．itself
C．him D．himself
解析：选D 根据后面的“going into shock”可知，是Glen Kruger “他自己(himself)”快要休克了，所以选himself。
13．A.but B．and
C．or D．so
解析：选A 根据“He shouted for help，”和“his wife，Brenda, was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite of the house”可知，这两句话之间是转折关系，所以选A。
14．A.Otherwise B．Then
C．Thus D．Rather
解析：选B Then在这儿意思是“就在那个时候”，可以体会到Glen Kruger向妻子求助没有得到回应要绝望时，突然看到了Inky那种喜悦的心情，故选B项。
15．A.walked B．ran
C．returned D．withdrew
解析：选B Glen Kruger看到了Inky，于是让它去叫他的妻子，Inky就“跑(run)”到了卧室门口，所以选B。
16．A.madly B．suddenly
C．rapidly D．urgently
解析：选A Inky跑到卧室门口后就“疯狂地(madly)”抓门，直到Brenda打开门，选A。
17．A.bedroom B．basement
C．yard D．house
解析：选B Glen Kruger在地下室，Inky自然要把他妻子带到“地下室(basement)”。所以选B。
18．A.at the bottom of B．in the middle of
C．at the top of D．in the front of
解析：选A at the bottom of “在……底部”； in the middle of “在……中间”； at the top of “在……顶部”； in the front of “在……的前部”。根据上文中架子倒地的时候把Glen Kruger带下了楼梯，所以他现在应该在楼梯下面，故选A项。
19．A.regretting B．recovering
C．relaxing D．resting
解析：选B Glen Kruger被送进了医院，在医院里是花了六个月的时间“恢复(recover)”，所以用B。
20．A.ever B．never
C．still D．already
解析：选B 因为Inky救了Glen Kruger一命，所以他要时刻把它带在身边，“从未(never)”离开，故选B项。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Whenever talking about my dream, I always recall my childhood where I started learning to sing. At that time it was my interest that lead me to sing. Although I had difficulty learning it, I was happy. And with time went on, I have gradually realized that singing is my whole life, which has a great influence in me and brings me pleasure. I like it and I enjoy it. I want stand on an even big stage to sing. Not only will my dream be come true but also I can send my beautifully songs to all the audience. I want to transfer (传递) happy and encouragement to the audience by singing, making them feeling cheerful.
答案：第一句：where→when
第二句：lead→led
第四句：went→going; in→on/upon
第六句：want后加to; big→bigger
第七句：去掉dream后的be; beautifully→beautiful
第八句：happy→happiness; feeling→feel
课件34张PPT。Module 6 Old and New Section Ⅲ Grammar 非限制性定语从句和定语从句的缩略
?语法图解
?探究发现
①She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into mouth.
②The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.
③A person with his head in the clouds is a dreamer, whose mind is not in the real world.
④Qingdao is a beautiful city, where I’ll pay a six-day visit.
⑤They have a son and two daughters, all of whom live in the city.
⑥He lived in London for two months, during which time he picked up some English.
⑦David, as you know, is an amateur photographer.
⑧He spoke to the girl (who was) from Paris.
⑨We said goodbye to Mr. Green, (who was) still busy at his office.
[我的发现]
(1)①～⑦句中，关系词前面均有逗号，它们为非限制性定语从句。
(2)⑧⑨句中都可以省略括号中的词，从而构成定语从句的缩略。
一、非限制性定语从句
1．作用
非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。主句与先行词或从句之间一般用逗号隔开，常常单独翻译。没有它，主句意思仍然完整。
2．关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句
关系代词有as, which, who, whom, whose等，作定语从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语。当先行词指人时，通常使用who, whom, whose来引导；当先行词指物时，通常使用which来引导。关系代词不可以省略。另外，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present.
一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语，这令在场的所有人感到惊讶。
Bob’s father, who worked on the project, spent four years in Egypt.
鲍勃的父亲从事这项工程，在埃及度过了四年。
As can be seen from his face, he is quite pleased.
从他的脸上可以看出来，他非常高兴。
[名师点津] 由as, which引导的非限制性定语从句，as和which可指代整个主句或主句所表达的整个意思，相当于and this或and that，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有：
(1)as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。
(2)as后常接expect, know, report, say, see等动词的主、被动语态句，有“正如，就像”之意；which常翻译为“这一点”。
[即时演练1]
(1)用适当的关系代词填空
①Have you seen the film Warcraft(《魔兽》), whose leading actor is world famous?
②My friend, who has served on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.
③As we all know, China is a developing country.
④My uncle gave me a book, the cover of which is very beautiful.
⑤Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.
(2)完成句子
①The boy, whose_father_is_an_engineer,_studies very hard.
那个小男孩学习很努力，他的父亲是位工程师。
②These apple trees, which_I_planted_three_years_ago,_have not borne any fruit.
这些苹果树是我三年前栽的，还没有结过果实。
3．关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句
当先行词指时间或地点时，用when, where引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作状语。why不引导非限制性定语从句，但可用for which代替。
We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be so busy.
我们将把郊游推迟到下个星期，那时我们就不会那么忙了。
Many children go to a day care centre, where they can learn games.
很多孩子上日间托儿所，在那儿他们可以学习游戏。
[即时演练2]
(1)用适当的关系代词和关系副词填空
①They went to London, where they lived for six months.
②He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will stay with his family.
③We’ll graduate in July, when we will be free.
④They reached the hotel yesterday, where a negotiation of sale will be held.
(2)完成句子
(浙江高考改编)I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, when_I_went_up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
五年级时，我爬上一棵树去取卡在树枝上的风筝，直到那时我才成为一名真正的登山爱好者。
4．“名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构
此类结构常见的有some/several/a few/a little/many/more/most/the largest ...of which/whom等形式。
Here are the questions, some of which I thought are difficult for you.
问题都在这儿，其中一些我认为对你来说太难了。
[即时演练3]
(1)选词填空：which, whom
①(重庆高考改编)John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are family members.
②(天津高考改编)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of which uses it differently.
(2)完成句子
①(2016·江苏高考改编)Many young people, most_of_whom well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好地的教育。
②It now has 20,000 hectares of land, more than two-thirds_of_which are under cultivation.
现在它拥有两万公顷土地，其中超过三分之二的土地已经耕种。
③The textile mill has over 8,000 workers and staff, eighty_percent_of_whom are women.
这家纺织厂有8千多职工，女职工占百分之八十。
二、定语从句的缩略
有些定语从句可以缩略为各种短语，如分词短语、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语及动词不定式短语等，且句意不受影响。我们称这一语言现象为定语从句的缩略。
1．缩略为分词短语
有些定语从句可直接略去作主语的关系代词(who, which, that)和部分谓语(am, is, are等)，从而使之缩略为现在分词短语或过去分词短语作后置定语。
The people who live in the village have moved to other areas.
→The people living in the village have moved to other areas.
住在这个村子里的人们已经搬到其他地方了。
They are problems which have been left over by history.
→They are problems left over by history.
这些是历史遗留下来的问题。
[名师点津] 有些定语从句不能按上述方法直接缩略，而需变动词为分词。这类定语从句一般缩略为现在分词短语，且在缩略时要考虑现在分词的时态和语态。
The man who owns that car will be fined for illegal parking.
→The man owning that car will be fined for illegal parking.
那辆汽车的主人将因违章停车而被处以罚款。
2．缩略为形容词短语
若定语从句为主系表结构，且表语由形容词短语充当，可直接略去作主语的关系代词和连系动词，从而使定语从句缩略为形容词短语作后置定语。
He saw a magazine on the table that/which was next to him.
→He saw a magazine on the table next to him.
在他旁边的桌子上，他看到了一本杂志。
My uncle lives in a village that/which is remote from the madding crowd.
→My uncle lives in a village remote from the madding crowd.
我叔叔住在一个远离喧嚣尘世的村庄里。
3．缩略为名词短语
由名词短语作表语的非限制性定语从句略去作主语的关系代词和连系动词便成为名词短语作同位语。
We finally reached Rio, (which was) the end of our journey.
我们最后抵达里约——我们旅行的终点站。
4．缩略为介词短语
若定语从句为主系表结构，且表语为介词短语，可略去作主语的关系代词和连系动词，使之缩略为介词短语作后置定语。
Then the man who was in the shop understood what the Frenchman meant.
→Then the man in the shop understood what the Frenchman meant.
然后商店里的人明白了法国人的意思。
Do you know where is the black cup that/which was on the shelf?
→Do you know where is the black cup on the shelf?
你知道以前架子上的黑色杯子现在在哪里吗？
[名师点津] 若定语从句中含动词has, have, had (有)，可以用介词with/without代替定语从句中作主语的关系代词和谓语动词has/have/had, 使定语从句缩略为with/without短语作后置定语。with适用于肯定的定语从句； without适用于否定的定语从句。
The teacher was looking for a rule that didn’t have an exception.
→The teacher was looking for a rule without an exception.
老师在寻找一条无例外的规则。
5．缩略为动词不定式短语
某些含有情态动词或助动词的定语从句可缩略为动词不定式短语作后置定语。
There are still many problems that must be solved.
→There are still many problems to solve.
还有许多问题必须解决。
The question which will be discussed tomorrow is whether workers’ salary should be increased.
→The question to be discussed tomorrow is whether workers’ salary should be increased.
明天要讨论的问题是工人薪水是否应该增加。
[即时演练4]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①(山东高考改编)There’s a note pinned to the door saying (say) when the shop will open again.
②(四川高考改编)The airport to_be_completed (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
(2)完成句子
①The house damaged_in_the_fire will be rebuilt soon.
在火灾中损坏的房子不久就要被翻修。(过去分词短语作定语)
②The train leaving_from_Platform_5 goes to Beijing.
从第五站台开出的火车驶往北京。(现在分词短语作定语)
③This is the best thing to_do in memory of our beloved teacher.
这是为纪念我们敬爱的老师所做的最好的事情。(不定式作定语)
④The box full_of_books is mine.
装满书的箱子是我的。(形容词短语作定语)
⑤He lives in a small house near_the_zoo.
他住在动物园附近的小房子里。(介词短语作定语)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2015·北京高考改编)Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, where you can hear some lovely music.
2．(2015·福建高考改编)ChinaToday attracts a worldwide readership, which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
3．(2015·江苏高考改编)The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
4．(2015·湖南高考改编)It is a truly delightful place, which looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
5．(2015·四川高考改编)The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
6．(2015·重庆高考改编)He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.
7．The famous basketball star, who tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.
8．York, which I visited last year, is a nice old city.
9．Please give the book to Jessica, whom we met in the hall just now.
10．None of us accepted the reason he explained, for which he was absent.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)We’ll also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which_we_hope_will_make_them_happy.
我们还将会在一起唱歌、跳舞、玩游戏，度过一段快乐的时间，我们希望这能使他们高兴。
2．(2015·北京高考书面表达)I am going to take part in a Dragon Boat Training Camp, which_will_start_on_June_17 and end on June 20.
我打算参加一个龙舟训练营，训练营将在6月17日开始，6月20日结束。
3．(2015·四川高考书面表达)I have taught some foreigners Mandarin, which_makes_me_have_much_experience_in_teaching.
我已经教过许多外国人学习普通话，这使我在教学方面有许多经验。
4．He is cleaning the windows, many_of_which_are_very_dirty.
他正在擦窗子，很多窗子很脏。
5．They were the last two to_go_aboard_the_ship.
他们是最后两个上船的。
6．The girl standing_under_the_tree is my younger sister.
站在树下的那个女孩是我妹妹。
7．This is a book published_last_year.
这是一本去年出版的书。
8．He has many friends, some_of_whom_are_from_foreign_countries.
他有很多朋友，其中一些来自外国。
Ⅲ.短文改错
My brother used to ask me question whenever he did his homework, that made me annoyed. But every time he accepted my explanations I feel that I was the smartest person in the world. Answered his questions, I always liked to say that he was so stupid to solve such simple problems.
Last week both of them got the report cards from our school. Unexpectedly, I got a lot of Bs, though he got As. To make things worse, all that day my brother screamed how foolish it was for me not to ask questions! I could say nothing but admit that he was right. I have never made a fun of him since then.
答案：第一句：question→questions; that→which
第二句：But→And
第三句：Answered→Answering; so→too
第四句：them→us
第五句：though→while
第六句：for→of
第七句：but后加to
第八句：去掉a
课件32张PPT。 Module 6 Old and New Section Ⅳ Other Parts of the Module
[原文呈现]
The Empire State Building, New York
Most① of the tallest buildings in the world were built in the 1990s and in the twenty-first century, but the two tallest buildings in the US were built much② earlier. In fact, the second tallest building in the US is more than③ 75 years old!
The Empire State Building, ④which was the tallest building at the time⑤ was finished in May 1931. It was the tallest building in the world until the World Trade Centre was built in New York in 1972. The World Trade Centre twin towers, which were destroyed⑥ in September 2001⑦， were 417 and 415 metres high⑧.
[读文清障]
①most pron.大多数，与of连用时，句中谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后面的名词的单复数形式。
②much修饰比较级，用来加强语气。
③more than多于；不仅仅是；非常
④which was the tallest building at the time是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Empire State Building。
which不能用that来替换，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
⑤at the time在那时
⑥destroy v．破坏，毁坏，之所以与were连用，是因为先行词是the World Trade Centre twin towers。
⑦which were destroyed in September 2001是which引导的非限制性定语从句。
⑧注意此句的表达法：“...＋be＋数字＋度量名词＋adj.”表示“某物有多高/长等”。
纽约帝国大厦
[第1～2段译文]
世界上大多数最高的建筑物是在20世纪90年代和21世纪建成的，但是美国的两座最高的建筑物建成得要早得多。实际上，美国第二高的建筑物已经有超过75年的历史了！
帝国大厦是在1931年5月完工的，在那时它是最高的建筑物。它一直是世界上最高的建筑物，直到1972年世界贸易中心在纽约建成。2001年的9月被毁坏的世界贸易中心的双子塔分别有417米和415米高。
Facts about the Empire State Building：
·Ten million bricks were used in the construction of the building.
·There are 6,500 windows.
·From the observatory⑨ at the top⑩， on? a clear day you can see five US states.
·Lightning strikes the Empire State Building about 500 times a? year.
·In 1945, a US military plane, ?which was flying over Manhattan on a foggy? day, cashed? into the building just above the 78th floor.
⑨observatory/?b’z??v?tri/n.观察台
⑩at the top在顶部
?on在此处不能用in替换， day前有clear修饰，表示具体的某一天。
?a此处表示“每”“每一”。
?which was flying over Manhattan on a foggy day是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰a US military plane。
?foggy/’f?ɡi/adj.有浓雾的
fog n．雾
?crash/kr??/vi.(飞机)失事；坠毁
crash into撞入……
[第3段译文]
关于帝国大厦的事实：
·大厦的建成使用了1 000万块砖。
·有6 500扇窗户。
·在晴天，从顶部的瞭望台可以看到美国的5个州。,·帝国大厦每年遭受大约500次闪电的袭击。
·1945年的一个大雾天，美国的一架军用飞机在曼哈顿上空飞行时撞入了大厦，正好在第78层上面。
The World’s Top 10 Tallest Buildings (2004)
Building
City
Year
Storeys
Height
Taipei 101
Taipei, PRC
2004
101
509 m (etres)
Petronas
Tower 1
Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
1998
88
452 m
Petronas
Tower 2
Kuala Lumpur，
Malaysia
1998
88
452 m
Sears Tower
Chicago, US
1974
110
442 m
Jin Mao Building
Shanghai, PRC
1999
88
421 m
2 International
Finance Centre
Hong Kong, PRC
2003
88
415 m
CITIC Plaza
Guangzhou, PRC
1997
80
391 m
Shun Hing Square
Shenzhen, PRC
1996
69
384 m
Empire State
Building
New York, US
1931
102
381 m
Central Plaza
Hong Kong, PRC
1992
78
374 m
世界十大最高建筑(2004)
建筑名称
城市
年代
楼层
高度
台北101
中国，台北
2004
101
509米
双子塔1
马来西亚，
吉隆坡
1998
88
452米
双子塔2
马来西亚，
吉隆坡
1998
88
452米
西尔斯大厦
美国，芝加哥
1974
110
442米
金茂大厦
中国，上海
1999
88
421米
2国际金融中心
中国，香港
2003
88
415米
中信广场
中国，广州
1997
80
391米
信兴广场
中国，深圳
1996
69
384米
帝国大厦
美国，纽约
1931
102
381米
中心广场
中国，香港
1992
78
374米
Read the text on Page 59 and answer the following questions.
1．What is the tallest building in the world according to the text?
A．2 International Finance Centre.
B．Taipei 101.
C．Central Plaza.
D．CITIC Plaza.
2．What is the tallest building in the US?
A．Empire State Building.
B．Petronas Tower 1.
C．Petronas Tower 2.
D．Sears Tower.
3．What is the tallest building in Mainland China?
A．Jin Mao Building.
B．CITIC Plaza.
C．Shun Hing Square.
D．Central Plaza.
4．When were the World Trade Centre twin towers destroyed?
A．Sept. 11th, 2000.
B．Sept. 11th, 2001.
C．Sept. 11th, 2002.
D．Sept. 11th, 2003.
答案：1～4 BDAB
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.ridiculousadj. 荒唐的；可笑的
2.enormousadj. 巨大的；庞大的
3.observatoryn. 观察台
4.crashvi. (飞机)失事；坠毁
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.freezingadj.冷冰冰的；极冷的→freeze vi.结冰；冻结→frozen adj.冷冻的；冷藏的
2.foggyadj.有浓雾的→fog n．雾
1.类似ridiculous，由后缀-ous构成的高频形容词还有
①dangerous 危险的
②famous 著名的
③generous 慷慨大方的
④humorous 富于幽默的
2.enormous adj.巨大的；庞大的
[同义] ①big adj. 大的；重要的；量大的
②large adj. 大的；多数的；广博的
③huge adj. 巨大的；庞大的；无限的
④vast adj. 广阔的；巨大的；大量的；巨额的
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.make_sense 有意义；有道理
2．a_large_amount_of 大量的(修饰不可数名词)
3．used_to_do 过去常常
4．go_up 上升；(物价等)上涨
5．bring_an_end_to 结束；终止
6．be_pleased_with 对……满意
7．in_the_1990s 在20世纪90年代
8．crash_into 撞到……上；撞入……
1.most of the tallest buildings in the world
世界上大多数最高的建筑物
2．in the twenty-first century 在二十一世纪
3．the second tallest building in the US
美国第二高的建筑物
4．the tallest building at the time 在那时最高的建筑物
5．the World Trade Centre 世界贸易中心
6．in the construction of the building 在大楼的建筑中
7．on a clear day 在晴天
8．on a foggy day 在一个大雾天
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.The valley is now part of the reservoir created by the Three Gorges Dam.
这个山谷现在是三峡大坝产生的水库的一部分。
过去分词短语作定语。
The building built_three_years_ago needs painting.
三年前建造的那个建筑需要粉刷。
2.The people living in the village have moved to other places.
住在村子里的人们已搬往别处了。
现在分词短语作定语。
There is someone knocking_at_the_door.
有人在敲门。
3.It was strange to think that, when my grandparents lived in the village, there wasn’t a reservoir there at all！
我祖父母在那个村庄生活时，那儿一个水库也没有，想到那些真感到不可思议！
句型“It＋be＋adj.＋(for sb.)＋to do”表示“(对某人来说)做某事怎么样”。
It’s_difficult_for_us_to
understand what she said.
我们很难理解她所说的话。
4.Why do you think there are so many tall buildings in the world now？
你认为现在世界上为什么有那么多高楼？
do you think作插入语。
What_do_you_think they should do to solve their problems?
你认为要解决这个问题他们应该怎么做？
1．(教材P54)If you take away the attributive clauses，do the sentences still make sense?
如果你把定语从句去掉，这些句子还讲得通吗？
?make sense 有意义；有道理
make sense of 了解，懂得……
There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没道理/意义
①This sentence doesn’t make any sense no matter how you read it.
这个句子不管怎么读都不通顺。
②She must try to make_sense_of what was going on.
她必须尽量弄懂正在发生的一切。
③There_is_no_sense_in criticizing him.
批评他是没有意义的。
[辨析比较]make sense, make sense of
make sense
意为“有意义；有道理；讲得通”，以物作主语，不可用于被动语态
make sense of
意为“弄懂，理解”，以人作主语，可用于被动语态
选择上述短语填空
④The lectures offer students the chance to make_sense_of mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening. It makes_sense to master the knowledge.
2.(教材P57)The Three Gorges Dam is a hydro-electric project which has brought an end to the danger of flooding.
三峡大坝是一个水力发电工程，它结束了洪水泛滥的危险。
?bring an end to 结束，终止
bring ...to an end 结束，终止
come to an end 结束
from beginning to end 自始至终
①Then he brought an end to his story.
→Then he brought his story to_an_end.
然后，他结束了他的故事。
②The meeting came_to_an_end at midnight.
那次会议直至午夜才结束。
③I’ve read the book from beginning to end.
我把这本书从头到尾都看了。
3．(教材P58)—Was it cold when you were on the boat?
—Cold? It was freezing!
——当你在船上时，天气冷吗？
——冷吗？冷极了！
?freezing adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的 n．冰点
(1)below/above freezing point 冰点以下/上
(2)freeze (froze, frozen) vt. 使结冰；冷冻
vi. 结冰，冻僵；愣住
freeze (sb.) to death (把某人)冻死
(3)frozen adj. 冷冻的，冻结的
be frozen to death 被冻死
①It is freezing in this room. Put the fire on!
这屋子里冷冰冰的。生上火吧！
②Tonight the temperature will fall to 3 degrees below freezing (freeze)．
今夜的温度将降至零下3度。
③Standing outside in the cold the whole night, he was frozen (freeze).
整晚站在寒风中，他冻坏了。
4．(教材P59)In 1945, a US military plane, which was flying over Manhattan on a foggy day, crashed into the building just above the 78th floor.
1945年的一个大雾天，美国的一架军用飞机在曼哈顿上空飞行时撞入了大厦，正好在第78层上面。
?crash v．(飞机)失事，坠毁；冲撞n.(飞机的)坠毁；(车子的)猛撞，相撞
crash into 撞到……上；撞入……
car/plane crash 汽车相撞/飞机失事
①The jet crashed after it took off.
这架喷气式飞机起飞后就坠毁了。
②Her car crashed into a tree.
她的车猛撞在了树上。
③Fortunately, neither the driver nor the passengers were hurt in the car_crash.
幸运的是，司机和乘客都没有在这次撞车事故中受伤。
1．It was strange to think that, when my grandparents lived in the village, there wasn’t a reservoir there at all!
我祖父母在那个村庄生活时，那儿一个水库也没有，想到那些真感到不可思议！
(1)It was strange to think that ...属于句型“It＋be＋adj.＋(for sb.)＋to do”。动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语后置。常用于这个句型的形容词有easy, difficult, hard, important, possible等。
①It is difficult for her to keep a balance between family and work.
她很难在家庭和工作之间保持平衡。
②It is not possible for Tom to recover in such a short time.
汤姆不可能在如此短的时间内恢复健康。
(2)用于“It＋be＋形容词＋ of sb.＋to do”句型的形容词是表示心理品质、性格特征的形容词，如kind, nice, stupid, clever, foolish, polite, selfish等，其中sb.和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。
③It is very kind of you to_drive (drive) me to the airport.
您真是太好了，送我到机场。
④It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem.
你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。
2．Why do you think there are so many tall buildings in the world now?
你认为现在世界上为什么有那么多高楼？
(1)句中do you think是一个插入语，放在特殊疑问词与句子其他成分之间，其余部分相当于think的宾语从句，要用陈述语序。用于该插入语结构的动词还有believe, expect, suggest, suppose等。
①What do you think has happened to her?
你认为她出了什么事？
②Who_do_you_believe is friendly to him?
你认为谁对他很友好？
③What_do_you_suppose I should do to win the competition?
你觉得我应该做什么才能赢得竞赛？
(2)常用的插入语有：
in other words换句话说 by the way顺便问一下
believe it or not信不信由你 I’m sure我确信
as far as I know据我所知 that is (to say)也就是(说)
④He lost the chance again. That is (to say), he didn’t find a job.
他又失去了这次机会。也就是(说)，他没找到工作。
⑤Jack, as_far_as_I_know,_isn’t as honest as we expect.
据我所知，杰克不像我们想象的那么诚实。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．At last, the headmaster’s words brought the meeting to an end.
2．Freezing (freeze) weather will break up the soil.
3．Can you make sense of this poem?
4．There is no sense in making (make) her angry.
5．It’s high time for us to bring an end to the discussion and make a decision now.
6．It was foolish of him to refer to his notes during that important test, and as a result, he got punished.
7．It is difficult to_complete (complete) the mission on my own.
8．It is necessary for you to be fully aware of your own shortcomings.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．It’s_very_dangerous_for_children_to cross the busy street.
对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
2．What_do_you_think I can do?
你认为我能做点什么？
3．Shut the window. I’m_freezing!
关上窗户。我冷极了！
4．Leaving university brought_an_end_to my carefree days.
离开大学，结束了我无忧无虑的日子。
5．Can you make_any_sense_of_the_instructions at all?
你究竟能不能看懂这些说明？
6．The car crashed_into_the_truck on the way, killing its driver and two passengers.
路上一辆小汽车撞上了一辆卡车，导致它的司机和两名乘客死亡。
7．It_is_clever_of_you_to_answer his question like that.
你那样回答他的问题是聪明的。
8．Who_do_you_suppose could have done this?
你认为谁能干出这种事来？
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Officials from Greenwich Observatory (观察台) have the clock checked twice a day.
2．Three people were injured when their car crashed (冲撞) into a wall.
3．It’s ridiculous (荒唐的) to expect a two-year-old child to be able to read!
4．It is difficult to travel through the town on a foggy (有雾的) morning.
5．It’s freezing (冷极了) here. Can I close the window?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I am sorry I couldn’t make sense what you said in the class. sense后加of
2．It was really cold last night — ten degrees below zero, that is, ten degrees below the frozen point of water. frozen→freezing
3．They visited a factory made toys last month. made→making
4．Such foolish things should come to end. end前加an
5．It is impossible to finishing the job in a short space of time.finishing→finish
Ⅲ.选词填空
used to do， go up， make sense， a large amount of， bring an end to， be pleased with， crash into， in the 1990s
1.A_large_amount_of water is used every day.
2．It makes_sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.
3．As the price of house goes_up,_many people can’t afford to a house.
4．Nowadays workers are earning twice as much per month as they did in_the_1990s.
5．He used_to live in a remote village, but he got used to the life in the city quickly.
6．He is_pleased_with the way in which you organized the party.
7．It’s hoped that the talks may bring_an_end_to the violence.
8．Along the way, his pursuers would crash_into each other in their attempts to stop him.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．They haven’t set a date for the wedding yet.
2．Accommodation (accommodate) is expensive in this city.
3．Do you know the historical (history) background to the war?
4.I think he is holding something back;_he knows more than he admits.
5．The car narrowly (narrow) missed an old man.
6．The rain stopped and the sun came out.
7．I hope his dream of becoming a pianist will be realized (realize).
8．I can’t remove the dirty points from my shirt.
9．Finding (find) a job is difficult these days.
10．To_move (move) this heavy box is not easy.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The train, which_takes_only_two_hours_to_get_there,_is quicker than the bus, which takes three.
坐火车去那儿要比坐汽车快，坐火车只要2个小时，而坐汽车要3个小时。
2．His best movie, which_won_several_awards,_was about the life of Gandhi.
他荣获好几项奖的那部最佳影片，是关于甘地生平的。
3．I walked in our garden, where_Tom_and_Jimmy_were_tying_a_big_sign onto one of the trees.
我在我们的花园里散步，在这里汤姆和吉米正把一块大标志牌绑到其中一棵树上。
4．Charles Smith, who_was_my_former_teacher,_retired last year.
查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
5．We will put off the picnic until next week, when_the_weather_may_be_better.
我们将把野餐推迟到下周，到那时，天气可能会好一些。
6．He has a shelf full of things, each_of_which has associations for him.
他的一个架子上摆满了东西，每一样都能勾起他许多回忆。
7．As_is_well_known,_Shanghai is a big city.
众所周知，上海是个大城市。
8．The house, which_was_completed_in_1856,_was famous for its huge marble staircase.
这座房子建成于1856年，以巨大的大理石楼梯闻名。
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
My friend Tim was one of five children. His father was an alcoholic and died very young, and his mother was unable to support the family. Unfortunately, the children were separated and placed in foster homes (收养家庭)．
Tim dropped out of school and did nothing to further himself. He eventually went through a divorce. Tim’s brother, although experiencing the same childhood, educated himself and got a good job. He has a happy family and a wonderful home.
Both brothers gave a similar answer when asked why their lives turned out the way they did. They said, “You’d turn out this way too if you had a childhood like mine.” Neither of the brothers could change his past, but one of them adjusted (调整) his sail.
It doesn’t take much to find an excuse whether that is our family background, our lack of education, or that we live in the wrong city, or do not know the right people. Each one of these excuses has a solution. However, if you believe that there is nothing you can do to turn your life around, then you won’t be able to change your life for the better.
If you really desire to turn your life to a new course, to set your sail to a different port, it is a matter of choice. If you choose to move forward, the easiest way is to find a solution to your today’s situation. Solutions are there if you want to go after them. Sure, it may take some hard work, or the willingness to take a risk. But if you do not, then you will never have a different or happy life. Do not limit yourself by finding an excuse; only limit yourself by refusing to have an excuse.
语篇解读：本文为夹叙夹议文。我们的过往是什么并不是很重要，因为未来掌握在我们自己手里。
1．Why does Tim’s brother have a happy life?
A．He had a happy childhood.
B．He tried hard to change his life.
C．He had a wonderful foster home.
D．He was the smartest of his family.
解析：选B 推理判断题。由第二段“Tim’s brother, although experiencing the same childhood, educated himself and got a good job.”可知，Tim的哥哥努力改变自己的命运。
2．What did Tim think led to his unhappy life?
A．His laziness.
B．Not adjusting his sail.
C．His unhappy childhood.
D．Not having any opportunities.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第三段“They said, ’You’d turn out this way too if you had a childhood like mine.’”可知，Tim将自己的不幸归咎于自己不幸的童年。
3．In the author’s opinion, his friend Tim ________.
A．really had no chance to improve his life
B．failed because he lived in the wrong city
C．was the most unfortunate man in the world
D．could have changed his life if he had chosen to
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第四段“Each one of these excuses has a ...your life for the better.”可知，作者认为Tim本来是可以改变自己的人生的。
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．Adjust your sail
B．Say “no” to excuses
C．Move toward a happy family
D．How we live our life is a choice
解析：选D 标题归纳题。由最后一段“If you really desire to turn ...matter of choice.”可知，本文旨在告诉我们，想过什么样的生活在于我们自己怎么选择。
Ⅱ.语法填空
It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours __2__， I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __3__ (it) choking (窒息的) fog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__ (painting). Instead, I’d go straight to Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
Yangshuo __7__ (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor considers Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick holidays here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
答案：1.arrived 2.before/earlier 3.its 4.that/which 5.paintings 6.by 7.is 8.conducted 9.regularly 10.living
课件39张PPT。[原文呈现][读文清障]Module 6 Old and New Section Ⅴ Writing-描述今昔对比的电子邮件
描写今昔对比时要根据过去的情况和现在的事实组织材料。
一、基本结构
1．开头提出主题句(提出什么事情发生了变化)；
2．对过去情况的描述(用过去时态，主要是一般过去时)；
3．对现在情况的描述(用现在时态，主要是一般现在时)；
4．总结句。
二、增分佳句
1．描述以前的情况：
It was ...several years ago.
When I was ...years old, it was ...
2．描述现在的情况：
It changes ...
It becomes ...
Compared with it several years before, it is now ...
3．表达希望：
I believe that ...
I hope that ...
[题目要求]
假设你是某中学的学生李华，最近收到美国朋友Joy的电子邮件。他在三年前参观过你校，听说你校现在变化很大，希望了解发生了哪些具体的变化。请你根据下表提示，给他回一封电子邮件。
三年前
一座教学楼，一个操场，学生1 000多人
现在
1.校园扩建：新建了一座教学楼和一座图书馆，教学楼内有音乐室、美术室、微机房等；
2.学生人数：增加到了2 000多人；
3.体育设施与音乐器材配备齐全；
4.绿化了校园。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
参考词汇：体育设施sports facilities装备equip
Dear Joy，
I was pleased to hear from you and I’m writing to tell you something about the changes in my school.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
第一步：审题构思很关键
一、审题
1．确定体裁：本文为描述今昔变化的说明文；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称为第一、三人称；
3．确定时态：主体时态通常为一般过去时和一般现在时。
二、构思
第一段：开头提出学校发生了变化。
第二段：详细描述今昔对比。
第三段：表达自己的祝愿。
第二步：核心词汇想周全
1．change 变化
2．take_place 发生
3．no_longer 不再
4．in_use 在使用
5．library 图书馆
6．all_kinds_of 各种各样的
7．magazine 杂志
8．be_equipped_with 装备有……
9．facility 设备
10．musical_instrument 乐器
第三步：由词扩句雏形现
1．众所周知，在我们学校已经发生了巨大变化。(主谓结构；现在完成时)
We_all_know_that_great_changes_have_taken_place_in_my_school.
2．它现在不再是三年前的样子了。(主系表结构；what引导表语从句)
It_is_no_longer_what_it_used_to_be_three_years_ago.
3．那时候仅有一个教学楼和一个操场。(there be句型)
There_was_only_one_teaching_building_and_a_playground_at_that_time.
4．其中之一是一座新教学楼。(主系表结构)
One_of_them_is_a_new_classroom_building.
5．在这座新教学楼中，有音乐教室、美术教室和计算机教室。(there be句型)
There_are_rooms_for_music,_art_and_computer_teaching_in_the_new_classroom_building.
6．另一个是图书馆，里面有各种各样的图书、报纸和杂志。(where引导的非限制性定语从句)
The_other_is_the_library,_where_there_are_all_kinds_of_books,_newspapers_and_magazines.
7．除此之外，我的学校体育设备和乐器配备齐全。(被动语态；be equipped with)
Besides,_my_school_is_well_equipped_with_sports_facilities_and_musical_instruments.
8．我认为我的学校会变得越来越好，我希望你再次访问我的学校。(宾语从句；并列句)
I_believe_my_school_will_become_better_and_better,_and_I_hope_you_will_visit_my_school_again.
第四步：句式升级造亮点
1．用as引导非限制性定语从句改写句1
As_is_known,_great_changes_have_taken_place_in_my_school.
2．用when引导的非限制性定语从句把句2和句3合并
It is no longer what it used to be three years ago, when there was only one teaching building and a playground.
3．用“in which”引导的定语从句把句4和句5合并
One_of_them_is_a_new_classroom_building,_in_which_there_are_rooms_for_music,_art_and_computer_teaching.
第五步：过渡衔接联成篇
Dear Joy，
I was pleased to hear from you and I’m writing to tell you something about the changes in my school.
As_is_known,_great_changes_have_taken_place_in_my_school._It_is_no_longer_what_it_used_to_be_three_years_ago,_when_there_was_only_one_teaching_building_and_a_playground._Now_two_new_buildings_have_been_built_and_are_in_use._One_of_them_is_a_new_classroom_building,_in_which_there_are_rooms_for_music,_art_and_computer_teaching._The_other_is_the_library,_where_there_are_all_kinds_of_books,_newspapers_and_magazines._Besides,_my_school_is_well_equipped_with_sports_facilities_and_musical_instruments._The_number_of_students_has_also_grown_from_1,000_to_2,000._What’s_more,_we_have_planted_a_lot_of_trees_and_flowers_in_and_around_the_school.
I_believe_my_school_will_become_better_and_better,_and_I_hope_you_will_visit_my_school_again._
Yours，
Li Hua
课件15张PPT。Module 6单元加餐练（一）~（二）
加餐练(一) 完形阅读组合练
Ⅰ.完形填空
Dad was not only my best friend, but my compass (指南针). While he was alive, he __1__ me with his actions and advice. He taught me one important __2__ ：“Believe in yourself.”
If there was one phrase my dad __3__ liked to hear, it was “I can’t.” He did not have chance to finish high school and __4__ two jobs to support his large family, __5__ he never complained. Through self-education and years of hard work, my dad became an excellent journalist.
When I was in high school, I had a __6__ time with math. He tried to help me, but I __7__ struggled. So my math teacher suggested I meet with him at 7：00 each morning before school for __8__ help. I told Dad, “That’s __9__！ I’m tired! I can’t do that！” He replied, “You’re doing it. I’ll send you to school.” Every morning at 6：45, we’d leave the __10__. Despite (尽管) working 12 hours every day, Dad never once __11__ driving me to school.
After months of __12__， I was facing the final exam. I was so __13__. On the day of the final, my dad hugged me and said, “Luke, __14__ yourself. You can do it.” His words made me realize I needed to trust in my __15__ and in the hours of work I’d __16__.When I got my __17__ proudly, the first person I called was my father. He cried, “Yes! You deserved it！”
Even now, whenever I __18__ that a task is too much for me, I think back to that exam. No matter how __19__ something is, if you’re willing to work, you can succeed. I’m forever __20__ to Dad for that lesson.
语篇解读：本文叙述的是父亲于作者来说亦师亦友，他教给作者最重要的教训是要相信自己，这个教训作者将铭记终生。
1．A.understood B．forgave
C．guided D．impressed
解析：选C 他用行动和建议来“指导(guide)”我。所以选C。
2．A.history B．lesson
C．skill D．language
解析：选B 根据文章最后一句“for that lesson”可知，此处的意思是，父亲教我的一个重要的“教训(lesson)”。所以选B。
3．A.always B．almost
C．ever D．never
解析：选D 如果有一句我爸爸“永远不(never)”喜欢听见的话。所以选D。
4．A.took B．lost
C．left D．finished
解析：选A 他没有读完高中，“做了(take)”两份工作养活家人。所以选A。
5．A.so B．or
C．but D．and
解析：选C 父亲承担起了养家的重任，“但是(but)”他从未抱怨过。所以选C。
6．A.good B．free
C．terrible D．short
解析：选C 根据下文可知我在数学上很“艰难(terrible)”，总是数学学不好。所以选C。
7．A.still B．nearly
C．hardly D．probably
解析：选A 父亲帮助我，可是我的数学“仍然(still)”很差。所以选A。
8．A.real B．practical
C．immediate D．extra
解析：选D 老师让我7点前到校给我“额外的(extra)”帮助。所以选D。
9．A.wonderful B．crazy
C．expensive D．necessary
解析：选B 我不想这样做，认为这是“疯狂的(crazy)”事情。所以选B。
10．A.house B．school
C．office D．farm
解析：选A 每天早上作者都是从“家里(house)”出发去学校的。故house正确。所以选A。
11．A.suggested B．risked
C．enjoyed D．missed
解析：选D 虽然父亲上班很累，但父亲从未“错过(miss)”一次送我上学。所以选D。
12．A.meeting B．testing
C．learning D．interviewing
解析：选C 几个月的“学习(learning)”以后，我面临着期末考试。所以选C。
13．A.excited B．nervous
C．happy D．shocked
解析：选B 我的数学一直很差，所以在考试的时候我很“紧张(nervous)”，担心考不好。所以选B。
14．A.stand for B．hold back
C．believe in D．look after
解析：选C stand for “代表”；hold back “坚持”；believe in “信任”；look after “照顾”。根据上文作者要去考试可知，此处为父亲让作者“相信(believe in)”自己。所以选C。
15．A.teacher B．luck
C．time D．ability
解析：选D 他的话让我意识到我要相信自己的“能力(ability)”。所以选D。
16．A.wasted B．ignored
C．picked up D．put in
解析：选D waste “浪费”；ignore “忽视”；pick up “捡起”；put in “付诸于”。我要相信自己的能力和为学习数学“付出的(put in)”时间。所以选D。
17．A.answer B．grade
C．pay D．gift
解析：选B 我得知我的“分数(grade)”后很自豪，第一个电话是打给爸爸。所以选B。
18．A.hope B．forget
C．worry D．promise
解析：选C 甚至是现在当我“担心(worry)”某项工作太多的时候，都会想起那次考试。所以选C。
19．A.different B．important
C．hard D．interesting
解析：选C 无论事情多么“艰难(hard)”，只要你愿意，你就会取得成功。所以选C。
20．A.grateful B．sorry
C．polite D．useful
解析：选A 我永远都会“感激(grateful)”父亲给我的那个教训。所以选A。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Raising children has traditionally been a mother’s role.People think that kids have to be with mothers mostly, but the modern sociology says when a father is not involved in life, it leads to problems. Children abandoned or ignored by their fathers do not succeed as well as children in families where both parents are involved.
At the River House in Maryland, a church community is running a program called the Men’s Retreat with the purpose of helping men become better fathers.Here fathers can get parental advice.The program is also open to children who don’t have fathers in their lives.For them, the program is an opportunity to interact (互动) with male role models.
Businessman Pavel says though the Men’s Retreat may take up some of his time to earn money, it has been a good opportunity to spend quality time with his son.He has realized that for boys, Father is the first teacher.And the gathering is also a great chance to think about how to improve the relationship with his wife.
Program organizer Victor Visotski notes that the son is going along his father’s path and learns from him.The father’s role in a daughter’s life is as important as that in his son’s life.A father for a daughter is a hero and he is the first man she admires.It is important that the father creates a family atmosphere filled with love, because the daughter observes the behavior of her father closely.Mr.Visotski says a father must take his duties as a parent as seriously as his career.Setting aside quality time to spend with his child is a good start.
语篇解读：本文为说明文。抚养孩子历来被认为是母亲的角色。但在生活中，父亲对孩子的影响也是非常重要的。马里兰州举行的“男人的静修”活动可以帮助男人更好地扮演父亲的角色。
1．We can learn from the modern sociology that ________.
A．a father’s role in children’s life is important
B．a father can teach children more than a mother
C．raising children should be a father’s responsibility
D．children having no fathers are less likely to succeed
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第一段“...when a father is not involved in life, it leads to problems.”可知，现代社会学指出，生活中缺少父亲这个角色会导致许多问题。由此可知，父亲在孩子成长过程中起着重要作用。
2．Which of the following is TRUE about the Men’s Retreat?
A．It is for kids who are abandoned.
B．It aims to help men relax after work.
C．Children are not allowed to attend it.
D．It shows men how to act as fathers well.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第二段“...with the purpose of helping men become better fathers.”可知，“男人的静修”活动目的是帮助男人成为更好的父亲。
3．What does Pavel think of the Men’s Retreat?
A．It is a waste of time and money.
B．It can help him find a new job at school.
C．It is a good chance for family gathering.
D．It helps him become a good father and husband.
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第三段可知，Pavel说尽管参加这个活动会占用一些赚钱的时间，但这是一个和儿子共度美好时光、思考如何改善夫妻关系的好机会。由此可知，他认为这个活动不但会使他成为一个好父亲，还会成为一个好丈夫。
4．According to Victor Visotski, ________.
A．a father has little influence on his daughter
B．a daughter usually looks down upon her father
C．fathers must learn to balance parenting and work
D．fathers should play the main role in raising children
解析：选C 细节理解题。由最后一段可知，Victor Visotski指出男人要像认真工作一样认真承担起做父亲的责任。
加餐练(二) 第Ⅱ卷规范增分练
Ⅰ.语法填空
Have you ever gone __1__ (travel) abroad? __2__ (actual), it is interesting to visit another country, __3__ can broaden our mind and make us have an unforgettable experience, but sometimes there __4__ (be) some problems when we don’t know the language very well. It may be __5__ (difficulty) to talk with the people there. We may not know how to use the telephone in the country which we are __6__ (visit). We may not know how to buy the things we need. In a strange country we may not know where to eat __7__ what to order in a restaurant. It is not easy __8__ (decide) how much money to tip waiters or taxi drivers. When we are helpless, we may not know how to ask __9__ help. After a short time, however, we learn what to do and what to say. We learn to enjoy __10__ (live) in another country, and then we may be sorry to leave both the place and the people. It’s a pity, isn’t it?
答案：1.traveling 2.Actually 3.which 4.are 5.difficult
6．visiting 7.or 8.to decide 9.for 10.living/life
Ⅱ.短文改错
Having drank too much, Alfred was driving along the country road at top speed while his car ran into an old man who was walking across the road. After looking around and thinking there was not a single person see the accident, he drives off without taking the old man to the hospital. The old man was frightening but kept the car number on his mind. About one month late, they went to court. Alfred’s lawyer said：“Alfred is experienced driver of more than 20 years.”“If experience can prove that, here, you see, the old man had walked safe for over 60 years，” the old man’s lawyer replied.
答案：第一句：drank→drunk; while→when
第二句：see→seeing; drives→drove
第三句：frightening→frightened; on→in
第四句：late→later
第五句：is后加an
第六句：had→has; safe→safely
Ⅲ.书面表达
假设你是李华，根据下面的提示，给你的朋友Tom写一封电子邮件，介绍你祖父母所居住的村子的情况：
1．大小：近100户人家，约500人。
2．变化：过去很穷，1978年后变化很大；生活水平比以前好多了；现已旧貌换新颜。
3．教育：原来的学校很小，现已经过改建；新建的教学楼有4层，是村里最美的建筑物；村里所有学龄儿童在此免费就读。
注意：1.要点齐全，前后连贯；
2．词数100左右。
Dear Tom，
I’d like to tell you something about the village where my grandparents live.___________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Tom，
I’d like to tell you something about the village where my grandparents live. The village is a small one which has nearly 100 families and a population of 500 people. It used to be very poor. However, it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast. People here are living a better life than before. Now it is taking on a new look.
In the past, the school was very small and most children couldn’t afford to go to school. But now it has been rebuilt. The newly built teaching building which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village. All the school-age children can study here. What’s more, they enjoy free education.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
Module 6课时跟踪练(一) Introduction & Reading — Pre reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
No one can believe that the over 6,300-kilometer Great Wall might disappear some day. Believe it or not, the Great Wall is being destroyed by people. Less than 20 percent of the Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty, is still perfect, but about 80 percent is in danger. The Great Wall can be called “great” mostly because of its amazing length. But we should realize that the length was made up of one brick at a time. If we do nothing to save the Great Wall, it will become a series of separate wasteland rather than a historic site.
The Great Wall is actually a series of walls built and rebuilt by different dynasties over the past 2,000 years. It began in the rule of China’s first emperor, Qin Shihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221BC－206BC), and lasted into the Ming Dynasty. The parts built before the Ming Dynasty have nearly disappeared. People are familiar with sections such as Badaling in Beijing and Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu, because they have been open to tourists for many years. But those_sections_far_away_from_the_public_eyes have been almost forgotten.
Few local people knew the 3-meter-high walls made of earth and stones beside them are parts of the Great Wall. The lack of knowledge is considered as one of the main reasons behind human.
The bricks on the Great Wall are carried off by countryside people to build their houses, sheep corrals and pigsties. Some were taken away to build roads. Bricks carved with people’s names are put away as remembrances. The rubbish is spread over the battlements. The brick can be sold 15 yuan per tractor load. Those who destroyed and are destroying the Wall know its name, but are not clear about its cultural meaning. It will take a long time to let them know this. The local farmers not only carried off the body of the Wall but also dug out the entire base.
It is necessary to protect the Great Wall. First of all, the officials should be aware of the importance of the Great Wall. Young Chinese should know more about the nation’s great civilization and learn to love it.
语篇解读：本文叙述了历史文化古迹——长城正在遭到破坏，由于人们对于古迹缺乏认识，做了许多破坏性的事情，呼吁人们要保护好长城。
1.Why does the writer say the Great Wall might disappear?
A．It is useless from now on.
B．It is too old to be used again.
C．It will be replaced by a new one.
D．Some parts of it are being destroyed.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段“Believe it or not, the Great Wall is being destroyed by people.”故选D。
2．The underlined part “those sections far away from the public eyes” (in Para.2) refers to the parts of the Great Wall ________.
A．nobody can watch
B．that are too far to be seen
C．that are too difficult to find
D．that are not well-known to the public
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据画线部分前的“People are familiar with ...open to tourists for many years.”可以推出这部分长城没有向游人开放，故选D。
3．What’s the main reason of the Great Wall being destroyed?
A．The local people sell the bricks for a living.
B．The local people are short of culture knowledge.
C．The local people think that the Great Wall is not important.
D．The local people need bricks and stones to build houses.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The lack of knowledge is ...reasons behind human.”故选B。
4．Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?
A．How to Protect the Great Wall
B．How the Great Wall came into being
C．The Great Wall Being Rebuilt
D．The Great Wall Being in Danger
解析：选D 标题归纳题。根据通篇文章和文章的开头可以看出应选D。
B
The basic flag of the United States is one of the world’s oldest national flags. Only the basic flags of Austria, Denmark, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Switzer land are older.
During the discovery and settlement of what is now the United States, the flags of various European nations were flown over the land, as symbols of possession.
Later, in the Colonial and Revolutionary War periods, flags representing famous persons, places, and events were flown in the American Colonise.
The first official flag of the United States was created by Congress on June 14,1777. It consisted of 13 alternate red and white stripes and 13 white stars in a field of blue, representing the 13 colonies that had declared their independence in 1776. Congress adopted a new flag of 15 stars and 15 stripes in 1795, to give representation to the two new states admitted into the Union, Vermont and Kentucky.
By 1817, there were 20 states in the Union, and it became apparent that adding one stripe for each new state would destroy the shape of the flag. As a result, Congress in 1818 restored the original design of 13 stripes and provided that each state was to be represented by one star. In 1921 Preside William H. Taft made the first official provision for the arrangement of the stars. He ordered that there be six even rows of eight stars each. Previously the arrangement of the stars had been left to the flag-maker’s fancy.
The evolution of the stars and stripes reflects the growth of the United States. After the admission of Hawaii into the Union in 1959, the flag was official changed for the 26th time since its creation.
There are many government flags flown in the United States in addition to the national flag. Among them are the president’s and vice-president’s flags and those of the federal departments and some federal agencies. Each state in the Union has an official flag. The United States Navy uses special flags for signaling.
语篇解读：本文介绍美国国旗的历史。
5．The basic flag of the United States is ________.
A．the oldest national flag in the world
B．one of the world’s oldest flags
C．the most beautiful flag in the West
D．as old as the basic flags of some European nations
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段“The basic flag of the United States is one of the world’s oldest national flags.”可知答案为B。
6．Before the War of Independence the flags of various European nations flown over the land were symbols of ________.
A．self-rule B．occupation
C．peace and friendship D．independence
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段“During the discovery and ...symbols of possession.”可知答案为B。
7．The first official flag of the United States was adopted ________.
A．before the Independence War
B．right after the Independence War
C．when independence was declared in 1776
D．during the War of Independence which ended in 1783
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第四段“The first official flag of ...on June 14, 1777.”可知国旗创立于1777年7月14日，在美国独立战争期间(1776－1783)，即答案为D。
8．The 13 red and white stripes and 13 white stars represent ________.
A．13 independent states
B．the colonies that declared independence in 1776
C．the U．S. Congress
D．13 famous figures in the American colonies
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第四段“It consisted of ...independence in 1776.”可知答案为B。
C
In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photo.
The next important date in the history of photography was in 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world. People took picture of famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, photography was developed. Then photographers could take picture of people and moving things. That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines. But this did not stop them, for example, some in the United States worked so hard.
Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer. He took many picture of great people. The picture were unusual because they were very lifelike (栩栩如生的)．
Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings, like other kinds of art.
语篇解读：本文主要叙述的摄像技术的发展历程，以及这一过程中一些重要的人物和事件。
9．The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture of ________.
A．his business B．his house
C．his garden D．his window
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden.”可知他拍的第一张照片是他的花园的照片。故C正确。
10．If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to ________.
A．watch lots of films
B．buy an expensive camera
C．stop in most cities
D．take many films and something else with him
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines.”可知要拍摄移动的物体，需要不同寻常的胶卷以及一些其他的机器。故D正确。
11．Mathew Brady ________.
A．was very lifelike
B．was famous for his unusual pictures
C．was quite strong
D．took many pictures of moving people
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Mathew Brady ...unusual because they were very lifelike (栩栩如生的)．”可知Mathew Brady出名是因为他拍摄的不同寻常的照片。故B正确。
12．This passage tells us ________.
A．how photography was developed
B．how to show your ideas and feelings in pictures
C．how to take pictures in the world
D．how to use different cameras
解析：选A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要叙述的是摄像技术的发展历程，以及这一过程中一些重要的人物和事件。故A正确。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Five Ways to Control Your Anxiety
How can you find some enjoyment and keep your anxiety in control? Try the following five steps for a less anxious you.
Stop comparing yourself to others. When you compare your life to others’, you are giving up your power. People have success or failures at different points in their lives. You might think others have better lives, but you don’t have the full story. Next time you begin to compare yourself to someone else, tell yourself this, “I only compare me to me.” __1__
Be grateful. Gratitude is the secret to a happier, less anxious you. __2__ When you practice gratitude, you start training your brain to pay attention to all the wonderful things about your life and doing so improves your mood little by little.
Forget perfect. Going after perfection sets you up to feel defeated. Accept that you will have days that are far from perfect and learn to laugh at the funny things that go wrong at the wrong time. __3__
Move your body. __4__ I’m sure you’ll feel better especially if you exercise regularly. Doing exercise will give you a sense of achievement that you can use to deal with other difficulties in your life.
Connection with other people. If you struggle with anxiety, you may not feel like putting yourself into social situations, but isolating (使孤立) yourself socially is the worst thing you can do. Connecting with others can help you realize everyone has struggles and that people are there for you. __5__ Connection can help you improve your mood.
A．Life is so much more enjoyable when you expect less of it.
B．Make sure you aren’t going around trying to please everyone.
C．It is scientifically proved that exercise can improve your mood.
D．See a friend, call a family member or just smile at strangers passing by.
E．Pen and paper can provide you with a special place to express your feelings.
F．When you take time to enjoy all the good things, you can’t help but feel good.
G．Only by competing with yourself to be a better you can you get where you want to be.
答案：1～5 GFACD
Module 6课时跟踪练(三) Other Parts of the Module
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Officials from Greenwich Observatory (观察台) have the clock checked twice a day.
2．Three people were injured when their car crashed (冲撞) into a wall.
3．It’s ridiculous (荒唐的) to expect a two-year-old child to be able to read!
4．It is difficult to travel through the town on a foggy (有雾的) morning.
5．It’s freezing (冷极了) here. Can I close the window?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I am sorry I couldn’t make sense what you said in the class. sense后加of
2．It was really cold last night — ten degrees below zero, that is, ten degrees below the frozen point of water. frozen→freezing
3．They visited a factory made toys last month. made→making
4．Such foolish things should come to end. end前加an
5．It is impossible to finishing the job in a short space of time.finishing→finish
Ⅲ.选词填空
used to do， go up， make sense， a large amount of， bring an end to， be pleased with， crash into， in the 1990s
1.A_large_amount_of water is used every day.
2．It makes_sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.
3．As the price of house goes_up,_many people can’t afford to a house.
4．Nowadays workers are earning twice as much per month as they did in_the_1990s.
5．He used_to live in a remote village, but he got used to the life in the city quickly.
6．He is_pleased_with the way in which you organized the party.
7．It’s hoped that the talks may bring_an_end_to the violence.
8．Along the way, his pursuers would crash_into each other in their attempts to stop him.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．They haven’t set a date for the wedding yet.
2．Accommodation (accommodate) is expensive in this city.
3．Do you know the historical (history) background to the war?
4．I think he is holding something back;_he knows more than he admits.
5．The car narrowly (narrow) missed an old man.
6．The rain stopped and the sun came out.
7．I hope his dream of becoming a pianist will be realized (realize).
8．I can’t remove the dirty points from my shirt.
9．Finding (find) a job is difficult these days.
10．To_move (move) this heavy box is not easy.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The train, which_takes_only_two_hours_to_get_there,_is quicker than the bus, which takes three.
坐火车去那儿要比坐汽车快，坐火车只要2个小时，而坐汽车要3个小时。
2．His best movie, which_won_several_awards,_was about the life of Gandhi.
他荣获好几项奖的那部最佳影片，是关于甘地生平的。
3．I walked in our garden, where_Tom_and_Jimmy_were_tying_a_big_sign onto one of the trees.
我在我们的花园里散步，在这里汤姆和吉米正把一块大标志牌绑到其中一棵树上。
4．Charles Smith, who_was_my_former_teacher,_retired last year.
查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
5．We will put off the picnic until next week, when_the_weather_may_be_better.
我们将把野餐推迟到下周，到那时，天气可能会好一些。
6．He has a shelf full of things, each_of_which has associations for him.
他的一个架子上摆满了东西，每一样都能勾起他许多回忆。
7．As_is_well_known,_Shanghai is a big city.
众所周知，上海是个大城市。
8．The house, which_was_completed_in_1856,_was famous for its huge marble staircase.
这座房子建成于1856年，以巨大的大理石楼梯闻名。
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
My friend Tim was one of five children. His father was an alcoholic and died very young, and his mother was unable to support the family. Unfortunately, the children were separated and placed in foster homes (收养家庭)．
Tim dropped out of school and did nothing to further himself. He eventually went through a divorce. Tim’s brother, although experiencing the same childhood, educated himself and got a good job. He has a happy family and a wonderful home.
Both brothers gave a similar answer when asked why their lives turned out the way they did. They said, “You’d turn out this way too if you had a childhood like mine.” Neither of the brothers could change his past, but one of them adjusted (调整) his sail.
It doesn’t take much to find an excuse whether that is our family background, our lack of education, or that we live in the wrong city, or do not know the right people. Each one of these excuses has a solution. However, if you believe that there is nothing you can do to turn your life around, then you won’t be able to change your life for the better.
If you really desire to turn your life to a new course, to set your sail to a different port, it is a matter of choice. If you choose to move forward, the easiest way is to find a solution to your today’s situation. Solutions are there if you want to go after them. Sure, it may take some hard work, or the willingness to take a risk. But if you do not, then you will never have a different or happy life. Do not limit yourself by finding an excuse; only limit yourself by refusing to have an excuse.
语篇解读：本文为夹叙夹议文。我们的过往是什么并不是很重要，因为未来掌握在我们自己手里。
1．Why does Tim’s brother have a happy life?
A．He had a happy childhood.
B．He tried hard to change his life.
C．He had a wonderful foster home.
D．He was the smartest of his family.
解析：选B 推理判断题。由第二段“Tim’s brother, although experiencing the same childhood, educated himself and got a good job.”可知，Tim的哥哥努力改变自己的命运。
2．What did Tim think led to his unhappy life?
A．His laziness.
B．Not adjusting his sail.
C．His unhappy childhood.
D．Not having any opportunities.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第三段“They said, ’You’d turn out this way too if you had a childhood like mine.’”可知，Tim将自己的不幸归咎于自己不幸的童年。
3．In the author’s opinion, his friend Tim ________.
A．really had no chance to improve his life
B．failed because he lived in the wrong city
C．was the most unfortunate man in the world
D．could have changed his life if he had chosen to
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第四段“Each one of these excuses has a ...your life for the better.”可知，作者认为Tim本来是可以改变自己的人生的。
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．Adjust your sail
B．Say “no” to excuses
C．Move toward a happy family
D．How we live our life is a choice
解析：选D 标题归纳题。由最后一段“If you really desire to turn ...matter of choice.”可知，本文旨在告诉我们，想过什么样的生活在于我们自己怎么选择。
Ⅱ.语法填空
It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours __2__， I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __3__ (it) choking (窒息的) fog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__ (painting). Instead, I’d go straight to Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
Yangshuo __7__ (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor considers Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick holidays here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
答案：1.arrived 2.before/earlier 3.its 4.that/which 5.paintings 6.by 7.is 8.conducted 9.regularly 10.living
Module 6课时跟踪练(二) Introduction & Reading — Language Points
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What are the affects of global (全球的) warming on our climate?
2．Our office has removed (搬迁) from Shanghai to Beijing.
3．It was a large hall, where a lot of people could be comfortably accommodated (容纳).
4．The machine generates (发) electricity.
5．A monument marks the site (遗址) of the battle.
6．Mr. White gave all the historical (有关历史的) papers of his grandfather to the public library according to his grandfather’s will.
7．A bridge is a structure (建筑物) built over a river or a road that allows people or vehicles to cross from one side to the other.
8．These stone carvings (雕刻) date back to Warring States Periods.
9．He is studying engineering (土木工程) at university.
10．Civil (民用的) law is different from criminal law (刑法).
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The other day we visited an ancient church in Rome, dates from the sixth century.dates→dating或dates前加which
2．Most employers will make accommodations with excellent employees. with→for
3．Please remove your bag to the seat. to→from
4．It’s pretty windy.You’d better hold on your hat.on后加to
5．His dream to be an actor has been come true. 去掉been
6．He has removed his family from the countryside the nearby town.countryside后加to
7．In the competition of this international table tennis, she narrow won the championship. narrow→narrowly
8．It took her longer than she expected get a passport. get前加to
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．It took us a long time and a lot of money to_build_the_house.
修建这栋房子花了我们很多时间和大量金钱。
2．She spent_too_much_money_on clothes.
她在衣服上面花钱太多了。
3．Walking_is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
散步对年轻人和老年人来说是一项很好的运动。
4．Now_that_the_kids_have_left_home we’ve got a lot of extra place.
既然孩子们都离开了家，我们住得更宽绰了。
5．This is the house in_which_he_lived when he was very young.
这是他小时候住过的房子。
6．The history of their family dates_from/back_to_300_years_ago.
他们家族的历史追溯到300年前。
7．We can accommodate_him_for the night.
我们能供他住一夜。
8．The boss was unable to hold_back_his_anger any longer.
老板再也抑制不住他的怒火了。
9．His_goal_has_finally_come_true after so many years’ hard work.
经过这么多年的辛苦工作，他的目标终于实现了。
10．It is a waste of time talking_about_that.
讨论那件事是浪费时间。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
The power of the Yangtze River has been 1.harnessed (harness) by the Three Gorges Dam, 2.which is the biggest construction project in China,3.to_control (control) flooding and provide hydro-electric power. In 4.the past, most of China’s energy was produced by burning coal which causes air pollution and 5.global (globe) warming. 6.So the dam can generate electricity and solve the problem. During the building, many people moved 7.from their homes, some famous historical sites were flooded and some 8.were_removed (remove). But the Three Gorges area is still beautiful.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
我一直梦想 (dream of) 着有一天能去三峡，我的梦想终于实现了(come true)。2006年3月15日我乘坐一辆能容纳 (accommodate) 40名乘客的大巴车去了三峡。当我走在宽广的大坝(dam)上时，我看见大坝仍在建设中 (under construction)。现在它已完工。它是一个水力发电工程 (hydro-electric engineering)，可以用作水库 (reservoir)。它已产生 (generate) 大量的能量，已经向许许多多的人提供了电力。
I’m_always_dreaming_of_going_to_the_Three_Gorges_one_day,_and_my_dream_has
come_true.__On_March_15th,_2006,_I_went_there_in_a_bus_which_could_accommodate_40_passengers._When_I_was_walking_along_the_wide_dam,_I_saw_it_was_still_under_construction._Now_it_has_been_completed._It_is_a_hydro-electric_engineering,_which_is_also_used_as_an_reservoir._It_has_generated_a_large_amount_of_energy,_which_has_provided_many_people_with_enough_electricity.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
When Glen Kruger picked a small cat from an animal shelter, he did not expect much. Yet right from the start, eight years ago, there was an uncommon connection between him and the small black cat. He __1__ her Inky.
“I grew up on a hundred-acre farm and had only cats __2__ playmates，” Kruger, the seventy-year-old man, says. “My hearing was damaged by the __3__ of farm equipment, so I learned to connect with __4__. They react to what they see and what you do.”
Inky was a gentle cat, __5__ the house with five other cats. But on a January night, Inky did __6__ that would set her apart from __7__ cats forever. Kruger had gone down to the basement (地下室) to __8__ the wood stove (炉子) for the night. When he finished, he __9__ to the top of the stairs and reached to turn off the lights. In doing so, he slipped (滑倒) and __10__ his back against an old shelf. The heavy shelf came crashing down and sent Kruger down the stairs. __11__ in a pool of blood on the basement floor, Kruger felt __12__ going into shock (休克). He shouted for help, __13__ his wife, Brenda, was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite end of the house. __14__ Kruger noticed Inky watching from the top of the stairs.
“Go get Brenda，” Kruger said to Inky.
Inky __15__ to the bedroom door and scratched (抓，挠) __16__ until Brenda opened it. Then Inky led her to the __17__.Brenda found her husband __18__ the stairs and called 911. Kruger was rushed to the hospital. “I spent six months __19__ there，” says Kruger, “Although I became lame, I was blessed.” Since the accident, Inky has __20__ left Kruger’s side.
语篇解读：本文叙述的是Glen Kruger听力受损之后，在动物救助中心捡到了一只猫，他把它叫作Inky，在一月的一个晚上，Inky救了它的主人的生命的过程。
1．A.gave B．named
C．chose D．remembered
解析：选B 这里是说Glen Kruger给他捡到的小猫“起了个名字(named)”叫Inky，所以选B。
2．A.like B．except
C．as D．among
解析：选C Glen Kruger说他在一个一百英亩的农场上长大，只有猫“作为(as)”他的玩伴，所以选C。
3．A.sound B．alarm
C．noise D．voice
解析：选C Glen Kruger的听力只能是被机器的“噪声(noise)”损坏，其他三个选项都不会损坏人的听力，所以选C。
4．A.friends B．animals
C．farmers D．neighbors
解析：选B 根据第一段中的“there was an uncommon connection between him and the small black cat”和后面“They react to what they see and what you do.”可知，这里的they是指动物。所以选B。
5．A.dividing B．visiting
C．sharing D．discovering
解析：选C 根据“Inky was a gentle cat”可知，Inky很温顺，所以它和其它五只猫“共同(sharing)”住在一个屋里，所以选C。
6．A.anything B．nothing
C．everything D．something
解析：选D 根据后面讲的Inky救Glen Kruger命的过程，可知是它做了一件让它与其它普通的猫区别开的事。所以用D。
7．A.familiar B．lovely
C．ordinary D．outstanding
解析：选C 与Inky救主人的命比起来，其它的猫相对就是“普通的(ordinary)”了，所以选C。
8．A.shut out B．shut off
C．shut down D．shut up
解析：选B shut out “把……关在外面”； shut off “关闭”； shut down “停工”； shut up “住嘴，囚禁”。可以看出，四个选项中只有B项能与wood stove搭配，所以选B。
9．A.marched B．flew
C．struggled D．climbed
解析：选D 当他结束后，“爬(climb)”到楼梯顶上，去关灯。故选D项。
10．A.hit B．bent
C．shook D．pulled
解析：选A 根据后面沉重的架子倒在地上，并把Glen Kruger也带下了楼梯，所以是他在关灯的过程中，他的背“撞(hit)”在一个旧架子上，故选A项。
11．A.Falling B．Lying
C．Appearing D．Thinking
解析：选B 根据前面的Glen Kruger被架子带下了楼梯，所以他应是“躺(lying)”在血泊里，所以选B。
12．A.it B．itself
C．him D．himself
解析：选D 根据后面的“going into shock”可知，是Glen Kruger “他自己(himself)”快要休克了，所以选himself。
13．A.but B．and
C．or D．so
解析：选A 根据“He shouted for help，”和“his wife，Brenda, was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite of the house”可知，这两句话之间是转折关系，所以选A。
14．A.Otherwise B．Then
C．Thus D．Rather
解析：选B Then在这儿意思是“就在那个时候”，可以体会到Glen Kruger向妻子求助没有得到回应要绝望时，突然看到了Inky那种喜悦的心情，故选B项。
15．A.walked B．ran
C．returned D．withdrew
解析：选B Glen Kruger看到了Inky，于是让它去叫他的妻子，Inky就“跑(run)”到了卧室门口，所以选B。
16．A.madly B．suddenly
C．rapidly D．urgently
解析：选A Inky跑到卧室门口后就“疯狂地(madly)”抓门，直到Brenda打开门，选A。
17．A.bedroom B．basement
C．yard D．house
解析：选B Glen Kruger在地下室，Inky自然要把他妻子带到“地下室(basement)”。所以选B。
18．A.at the bottom of B．in the middle of
C．at the top of D．in the front of
解析：选A at the bottom of “在……底部”； in the middle of “在……中间”； at the top of “在……顶部”； in the front of “在……的前部”。根据上文中架子倒地的时候把Glen Kruger带下了楼梯，所以他现在应该在楼梯下面，故选A项。
19．A.regretting B．recovering
C．relaxing D．resting
解析：选B Glen Kruger被送进了医院，在医院里是花了六个月的时间“恢复(recover)”，所以用B。
20．A.ever B．never
C．still D．already
解析：选B 因为Inky救了Glen Kruger一命，所以他要时刻把它带在身边，“从未(never)”离开，故选B项。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Whenever talking about my dream, I always recall my childhood where I started learning to sing. At that time it was my interest that lead me to sing. Although I had difficulty learning it, I was happy. And with time went on, I have gradually realized that singing is my whole life, which has a great influence in me and brings me pleasure. I like it and I enjoy it. I want stand on an even big stage to sing. Not only will my dream be come true but also I can send my beautifully songs to all the audience. I want to transfer (传递) happy and encouragement to the audience by singing, making them feeling cheerful.
答案：第一句：where→when
第二句：lead→led
第四句：went→going; in→on/upon
第六句：want后加to; big→bigger
第七句：去掉dream后的be; beautifully→beautiful
第八句：happy→happiness; feeling→feel
