Unit 1 Great Scientists
本单元的中心话题是“科学家如何以探索、钻研、无畏的科研精神验证未知的科学真理。” Warming up 和pre-reading激活背景知识，为进入阅读课文打好铺垫; 阅读文章介绍英国著名医生John Snow是如何通过考察、分析、探究的科学方法发现并控制“霍乱”的。通过阅读，使学生学习解决问题的一般步骤，并用于指导其他学科的学习。之后进行相关的语言学习和语法学习，对于课文语言点，采用老师引导式：课前布置学生找出重难点，课堂上通过设计各种各样的情景要求学生使用课文出现的重难点回答问题，深入理解文章中的句子。语法教学根据三维语法教学理论所提倡的：“形式+ 意义+ 运用”相结合，把语法教到实处，教到使处。写作除了强调说理能力的培养，也强调了对学生收集信息、整理信息及传递信息的能力培养，通过引入(背景)---口头讨论(收集点子)---列提纲---写作---组内交流---全班分享---课后修改---老师批改体现了自做、自助和自悟的教学思想、改进学生的学习策略。
1. Target language
a. Key words and expressions：
characteristic, theory, scientific, examine, conclude, conclusion, analyse, repeat, defeat, attend, expose, absorb, severe, valuable, blame, immediately, handle, addition, announce, instruct, virus, construction, contribute, positive, strict, movement, complete, enthusiastic, cautious, reject, view, put forward, in addition, link ... to ..., be strict with, lead to, make sense, expose to, absorb into, be to blame.
b. Key sentences重点句子：
1) John Snow was a famous doctor in London — so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. P2
2) But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. P2
3) It seemed the water was to blame. P2
4) To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined. P3
6) Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. P7
2. Ability goals
a. Students will be familiar with some famous scientists and their contributions.
b. Students are expected to get the main idea of the text.
c. Students will understand the text and answer the following questions:
d. Students are able to master the details about the passage, choosing the correct answer according the text and fill in the form about the passage and the diary.
e. Students can learn the reading skill of getting the main idea of each paragraph/ part & each passage.
3. Learning ability goals
a. Help students to discuss:
How to describe people: characteristics and qualities
What kind of qualities does a scientist have?
b. Let the Ss know how to get the main idea of the text.
d. Get the Ss to learn how to find the relative key words from the passage to choose the correct answers.
d. Enable the Ss to retell the passage using the first person.
a. Students to learn different reading skills, especially gist reading and comprehending beyond lines.
b. Students have a general idea of what the scientific research is and set a positive attitude towards it.
c. To learn about the past participle used as the attribute and the predicative.?
d. To make good use of the persuasive writing.
a. Skimming and scanning
b.Elicitating
c. Individual, pair or group work to finish each task.
d. Discussion.
A tape-recorder, the multimedia, a projector
Step I Lead-in
Ask the students to think of some great inventions and inventors in history.
StepⅡ Warming up
First, ask some questions about great scientists. Second, ask all the students to try the quiz and find out who knows the most.
StepⅢ Pre-reading
Get the students to discuss the questions on page 1 with their partners. Then ask the students to report their work. Encourage the students to express their different opinions.
StepⅣ Reading
Fast Reading
Let the students read the text quickly and complete the main idea of it.
The text is mainly about ____John Snow_______ and how he ______defeated Cholera____.
Careful Reading
To prove a new scientific idea, seven stages are needed. Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.
Stage 1
Find a problem
A large number of people died of cholera, but neither its 1. _______ nor its 2. _____ was understood.
Stage 2
Make a question
◆ Theory one: Cholera 3. ___________ in the air and floated around until it found its victims.
◆ Theory two: When people 4. ___________ cholera into their bodies with meals, their bodies were attacked.
Stage 3
Think of a method
Began to gather information to 5. _______ that the second theory was correct.
Stage 4
Collect results
Marked where the dead people had lived on a(n) 6. ______.
Stage 5
Analyse the results
Looked into the 7. ________ of the water to see if the problem was the water.
Stage 6
Find supporting evidence
Found supporting evidence from two other deaths: Both of them died of cholera after 8. _____________________.
Stage 7
Draw a conclusion
◆ 9. _______________ carried the virus.
◆ All the water supplies should be 10. _________.
StepⅤ Post-reading
Ask the students to answer several questions to consolidate their understanding.
StepVI Group Discussion
What should you do if you’re travelling to a country that has a cholera outbreak?
StepVII Language points
1. put forward
eg. put forward(come up with) a very good suggestion
You ought to put your watch forward ten minutes.
I put myself forward (recommend myself) as the monitor.
2. draw a conclusion
eg. We drew a conclusion that we should give him another chance.
3. attend v.
(1) to be present at; go to 出席，参加
He decided to attend the meeting himself.
(2) to give one’s attention; listen 注意，倾听(常跟to连用)
Are you attending to what is being said?
(3) to look after; serve 照顾，护理
The doctor attended the patients.
(4) pay attention to
She didn’t attend to what I was saying.
4. expose v.
to make visible 暴露
New fashions are exposing more and more of the body.
与to连用
He exposes his skin to the sun.
to reveal the guilt or wrong doing of 揭露
He exposed their plot. 他揭露了他们的阴谋。
The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve.
对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。
5. cure v.&n.
eg. The doctor cured him of the cold.
There is no cure for AIDS.
6. every time 连词，引导时间状语从句，后省略when；类似的还有 immediately, the moment, directly, instantly.
eg. Every time I meet him, I always think of the things happened between us.
Every time I meet him, I always think of the things happening between us.
I will give the report to him immediately I see him.
I came directly I got your message.
7. suggest vt.
to offer for consideration or action; propose （常与that连用）提议；提出；建议。如：
I suggested that we should travel by train.
(2) to make evident indirectly; intimate or imply 暗示；显出。如：
It suggested that you did not catch the 8 o’clock train, but you caught the 8:25 train.
(3) suggest后跟从句时，如果表示建议的语气，其后要用虚拟语气。若表示暗示或表明时，不用虚拟语气。
8. absorb vt. & vi.
(1) to take or suck in (liquids) 吸收 absorb…into…
eg. A sponge absorbs water.海绵吸水。
eg. The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.
这家大公司渐渐把这些小公司吞并了。
(2) to take in (knowledge, ideas) 专心于
eg. The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale. 这个小姑娘正在全神贯注地阅读一篇故事。
9. severe adj.
(1) so serious; so bad （人；纪律）严厉的；严格的
eg. I think you are too severe on the boy. 我认为你对那个孩子太严厉。
His severe looks frightened me. 他的严厉表情使我恐慌。
(2) very harmful or painful; serious or uncomfortable （疼痛）剧烈的
SARS—severe acute respiratory syndrome （严重的、急性的呼吸道综合病）
eg. He has a severe pain in his leg. 他的腿痛得厉害。
be severe with—be strict with 对…要求严格
He is severe with himself. 他严格要求自己。
10. It seemed the water was to blame. 看来水是罪魁祸首。
be+动词不定式，可表示该做或不该做的事情，相当于must, should, ought to等。
You are not to drop litter in this park.
11. link…to… 把…与…连接；联系
Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime. 指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪行为。
12. handle v.& n.
(1) 意为“处理”。如：
I don’t know how to handle the problem.
At the beginning of this term, we will have many difficulties to handle.
the handle of the door
13. announce v.
(1) to make known publicly 发表、告知、宣布…
The government announced its new economic policies.
(2) to state in a loud voice 宣布（客人的名字、到达等）
His servant announced Mr. and Mrs. White.
(3) to make clearly known事情显示…
Warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.
announcement (n.)
announcer (n.)
StepVIII Grammar
Explain the usage of the past participles as predicative and attribute.
1. 过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。用作表语的过去分词大多来自及物动词；不及物动词的过去分词能作表语的只限于少数表示位置转移的动词，如go, come, assemble等，它们用在连系动词之后，表示完成意义，无被动意义。例如：
The man looked quite disappointed.
He is greatly discouraged by her refusal.
His hair is nearly all gone.
已经形容词化了的过去分词大多可作表语，常见的有accomplished, amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, complicated, confused, crowded, devoted, disappointed, discouraged, drunk, excited, frightened, hurt, interested, lost, satisfied, surprised, worried等。
2. 过去分词作定语
a）用作前置定语的过去分词通常来自及物动词，带有被动意义和完成意义。例如：
We like skating in the frozen lake in the winter.
= We like skating in the lake which has been frozen in the winter.
How many finished products have you got up to now?
= How many products that have been finished have you got up to now?
来自不及物动词的过去分词很少能单独用作前置定语，能作这样用的仅限以下几个词，这时仅表示完成意义，不表示被动意义。例如：
a retired worker = a worker who has retired
an escaped prisoner = a prisoner who has escaped
a faded / withered flower = a flower that has faded / withered
fallen leaves = leaves that have fallen
the risen sun = the sun that has just risen
a returned student = a student who has returned
vanished treasure = treasure that has vanished
b) 用作后置定语的过去分词通常也来自及物动词，表示被动意义和完成意义。这时过去分词相当于一个定语从句。例如：
Things seen are better than things heard.
= Things which are seen are better than things which are heard.
The lobster broiled over charcoal was delicious.
= The lobster which was broiled over charcoal was delicious.
StepIX Persuasive Writing
说服性信函指以信件的形式表达自己的观点或立场，并期待对方认同或接受。在写作过程中，要以合理的语气和口吻为基调，用有说服力的素材来支撑自己的观点，以说明阐述为主，以理动人，以理服人。
【写作指导】
我们可以通过以下三个部分来进行写作：
第一部分：引入。写信人首先需要简要说明写信的主要目的。如果需要的话，也可以大致作个自我介绍。
第二部分： 阐述。这是说服性信函的主体和核心部分。写信人需要在这个部分有条理地列出自己的理由。理由要力求客观、真实、有说服力，要重点突出、层次分明。同时，要注意适当提高语言的力度，发挥语言的功力，以更好地展现自己的立场。阐述部分决定了说服性信函的成败，需要写信人精心策划、布局，以达到最佳效果。
第三部分： 总结。可以用生动的语言重申自己的核心观点，或以情动人、引起共鸣，或升华延伸、画龙点睛。这部分应该注意语言的简练和冲击力，切忌冗杂拖拉的表达。
Task 1: Summarize the way of writing a report.
Task 2: Remind the students of the writing techniques and writing features of a report.
Show the following to the students.
Report
Formal language with few adjectives
No speech except quotations
Not emotional
Only one main character
Factual structured according to experimental method
Past tense and passive voice
【Practice】
假如你是Frank。你的同学Tom因家庭经济困难准备辍学。请你根据以下要点提示，给他写封信，说服他继续上学。
要点提示：
1. 听到这个消息很遗憾，希望他能振作起来、积极面对生活。
2. 学生最重要的是学习，这对未来的影响是深远的；每个人都会在生活中遇到挫折，现实的困难是可以克服的；可以申请贫困补助、助学贷款或勤工俭学。
3. 愿意尽全力提供帮助，并期望他能继续学业。
注意：
1. 词数不少于100；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；
3. 参考词汇：
贫困补助 poverty bursary；
助学贷款 student loan；
勤工俭学 take part-time jobs
【常用表达】
引入：
I am writing to ...
I hope that ...
That is to say ...
As far as I am concerned ...
In my opinion ...
Personally ...
阐述：
Here are my reasons. First of all, I think it would be better if ...
Second, ... Third, ...
Moreover ... What’s more ...
However ... Instead ...
Here I’d like to give my advice on ...
I would like to suggest that ...
If I were you, I would ...
总结：
In short ...
All things considered ...
To sum up ...
In brief ...
Please take my advice into consideration and make a final decision.
【Sample】
Dear Tom,
I am sorry to hear your story, and it surprises me that you have decided to drop out of school. I am writing to tell you that you needn’t do that and hope that you will cheer up and face life with confidence.
Here are my reasons. First of all, as a student, to have a good education is the most important, which will have a long-lasting influence on our life. Second, every one of us will meet with some difficulties in our lives and we must face them bravely and optimistically. Third, there are lots of ways to help you get through your present difficult situation. You can apply for poverty bursaries, student loans or take part-time jobs.
I really hope that you will go on with your study, and I will try my best to help you.
Sincerely yours,
Frank
Task 3: Summarize the way of persuasive writing.
Show the following to the students.
A persuasive writing
Formal or informal, vivid use of language
Speech to show feelings, reactions, etc
Emotional or not emotional to describe feelings and facts
Only two main characters
Factual or imaginative based on fact
Reason and persuade step by step
Present tense
Then ask the students to write a short letter as required in Exercise 3.
StepX Homework
1. Get more information about some infectious diseases and modern scientists.
2. Finish the Exercises 1, 2, 3 on pages 3 and 4.
3. Review the Grammar and prepare for the next period.
4. Ask the students to write a report about a scientist.
略。
课件88张PPT。 There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them? What kind of role do they play in the field of science? Do these achievements have anything in common? Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all these questions. Warming upAlexander Bell electricity
Thomas Edison the First telephone
Laite Brothers the electric Lamp
Madame Curie black holes in Universe
Franklin Theory of Gravity
Steven Hawking the First Plane
Elbert Einstein Radium
Isaac Newton the Theory of RelativityWho is he?He is … Archimedes (阿基米德)Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?Charles Darwin.Who is he?He is … Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?Thomas Newcomen.Who is he?He is … Who invented the first steam engine?Gregor MendelWho is he?He is … Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children?Marie CurieWho is he?She is … Who discovered radium?Thomas EdisonWho is he?He is … Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?Leonardo da VinciWho is he?He is … Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?Humphry DavyWho is he?He is … Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground? Stephen HawkingWho is he?He is … Who put forward a theory about black holes?Do you know how to prove a new idea in a scientific research? Discuss in small groups the stages in setting out a new scientific idea. What order would you put them in?Pre-readingPlease put the
7 stages in right order according to the passage. GermanyGreat BritainDeath of first cholera case in London during the 1848-49 epidemic LondonPrevious cholera epidemic in Great Britain in 1831-32The spread of cholera Look at the picture, the map and the title and predict the content of the reading passage. Then skim it quickly to see if you are right.John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”John SnowReadingSkimmingRead the text (P2-3) quickly and complete the main idea of it.
The text is mainly about ___________ and how he _______________.Johndefeated choleraSnowTo prove a new scientific idea, seven stages are needed. Read the text (P2-3) carefully and fill in the blanks.Careful readingcause absorbed multipliedcuremap provesourceSmall, white, flocculent particlesThe water was from the river which had been polluted by the dirty water from London. drinking the water Polluted waterexaminedChoose the best answer.
We know from the text that John Snow
______.
had collected information before
cholera broke out
B. felt not quite sure after he finished the
map
C. helped the woman from Broad
Street
D. became famous after defeating
cholera2. Why did John Snow use a map in his
research?
It could help him find exactly how
many people died of cholera.
B. It could help him find the source of
drinking water for people.
C. It could help him organize his ideas and
find evidence.
D. It could help him find his way in
Broad Street.3. Why was cholera called “King Cholera” in
the text?
Because it caused many deaths.
B. Because it got its name from Queen
Victoria.
C. Because it was defeated with the help
of the King.
D. Because it was the most deadly
disease of its day.Number these events in the order that they happened.
___ John Snow began to test two theories.
___ An outbreak of cholera hit London in
1854.
___ John Snow marked the deaths on a
map. 124Post-reading_____ He announced that the water
carried the disease.
___ John Snow investigated two streets
where the outbreak was very severe.
___ King Cholera was defeated.
___ He found that most of the deaths were
near a water pump.
___ He had the handle removed from the
water pump.35678Answer these questions.
John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. Do you think John Snow would have solved
this problem without the map?
Give a reason.No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. Heidentified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.
3. Cholera was a 19th century disease.
What disease do you think is similar
to cholera today? Why?Three diseases, which are similar today, are SARS, AIDS and bird flu, because they are serious, have an unknown cause and need public health care to solve them. Drink only water that you have boiled or treated with chlorine or iodine. Other safe drinks include tea or coffee made with boiled water and carbonated, bottled beverages with no ice.Group
DiscussionWho put forward a theory about black holes.谁提出了黑洞理论put forward:e.g. put forward a very good suggestion／plan提出了一个很好的建议 ／计划(1) 提出（+表示建议,计划等的名词）= come up withe.g. You ought to put your watch forward
ten minutes.(2) 把...向前拨e.g. I put myself forward as the monitor.(3) 推荐Language points put away:
put up with:
put on :
put out：关于put的其它短语：忍受穿上，上演 熄灭，扑灭放好.储存(钱)2. draw/ come to/ arrive at/ reach a conclusion得出结论我们得出结论应该再给他一次机会e.g. We drew a conclusion that we should give him
another chance.3.John Snow was a well-known doctor in London---so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰.斯诺是一位著名的医生----他的确医术精湛,以至成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生.attend v.(１) take good care of 照看,照料.e.g. The doctor attended the patients.医生照看病人.attend school 上学
attend a lecture 听讲座
attend church 去教堂
attend (at) a wedding 出席婚礼(2) 注意,留意. e.g. She didn't attend to what I was saying. 她并不注意听我所说的话。(+to)(3) 出席,到场4. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但是当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓
时，他就感到很兴奋．The man seen by us yesterday is Professor Smith.1. exposed to cholera 在句子中是过去分词用作后置定语,表示被动.意为 “患霍乱的”.e.g. The book written by LuXun is very popular. expose sth/sb to使…暴露于…；使面临；
使遭受（危险，攻击等）Keep indoors and don’t expose your skin to
the sun．e.g. Those who were exposed to bird-flu were separated. be exposed to招致，遭受染上禽流感的人都被隔离了．expose使暴露于;使接触到 6. cure ① vt.治愈，治疗／消除(弊病等);纠正 e.g. The doctor cured him of his cold. cure sb. of sth. 治好了某人的…，纠正了某人的…医生治好了他的感冒．e.g. He cured the child of bad habits. 他纠正了孩子的坏习惯．② n.治愈;痊愈 e.g. There's no known cure for AIDS. [(+for)]7. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.every time 在这里是连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次，每当”e.g. Every time I meet him, I always think of
the things happened between us.每次见到他，我就想起发生在我们之间的事情。每次爆发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死．immediately, the moment, directly, instantly 等与 every time一样，都可以用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为 “一…..就”。e.g. I will give the letter to him immediately
I see him.我一见到他就把这封信给他。I came directly I got your letter.我一接到你的信就来了。注意:８.The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals . 第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的．① 注意此处的suggest表示“暗示，表明”，而非表示建议，此时从句中不需要用虚拟语气。如：The dentist suggested ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿_．牙医建议她改天再来。 that she come another day（她的表情表明她很开心。 Her expression suggested ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿．that she was happy② absorb…..into 吸收e.g. The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.. 这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。absorb v. (1)吸收 e.g. It's too hard for me to absorb so many good ideas at once. 对我来说很难一下完全吸收这么多好主意。老人全神贯注地读这本书。 e.g. The old man was absorbed in the book. The old man absorbed himself in the book. be absorbed in = absorb oneself in (2) 吸引；使专心；使全神贯注9. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in 10 days.在两条街道上,霍乱流行的特别厉害，在十天之内就死去了五百多人。全神贯注于…9. severev. (1) strict 严厉的；苛刻的；严格的.e.g. My father was severe with me. 我的父亲对我很严厉。 be severe with/on/upon … 对…严格，严厉(2) very serious 剧痛的，剧烈的，严重的 考大学的激烈竞争e.g. the severe competition for university看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了。(1) be+动词不定式，可以表示该做或不该做的 事情，相当于must, should, ought to 等。e.公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。10. It seemed that the water was to blame.e.g. You are not to drop litter in the park.公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。(2) blamevt. ① 责备,指责(sb) be to blame for …应为…受到责备e.g. The driver was to blame for the accident.司机应为这次事故承担责任e.g. He blamed you for the neglect of duty. 他责备你怠忽职守。 blame sb. for sth./doing sth. 因某事责备某人短语：② 把...归咎(于) e.g. The teacher blamed the mistake on my
carelessness. 老师把错误归咎于我的粗心．blame sth. on sb. 把…归咎于某人身上12. handle ① [C]柄,把手 e.g. the handle of the door/ the cup门／杯子的把手 ② vt. 对待,处理e.g. I didn't know how to handle these people. 翻译：
这条铁路把西藏(Tibet)和内地(the inland area)
连起来了．13. link A to B 把A与B连接；联系e.g. Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪事实。被动形式：A be linked to BThis railway links Tibet to the inland areas.14. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.有了这个特别的证据，约翰.斯诺就能够肯定的宣布，这种被污染的水携带病毒。(1) announcevt. 宣布,发布 e.g. They announced that she would give one
extra song. 他们宣布说她将再唱一首歌。 announcer announcementn. 播音员n. 宣布,发布 The vote was completed. The chairman
announced the result. 投票完毕。主席宣布了结果。 Past Participles as the Attributive and Predicative Grammar同学们，你们还记得在 Book 4 Unit 3 A
taste of English humour 中有这样三个句子吗？
Such training was common in acting families ...
2. He grew more and more popular as his charming
character ...
3. The acting is so convincing that ...通过观察，我们不难发现第1、2句是动词-ing形式作定语，且放在被修饰的名词前面；第3句是动词-ing形式作表语，放在be动词的后面。今天我们要学习与动词-ing形式相对应的过去分词作定语和表语的用法。过去分词作表语一般用来表示感受或状态（系动词 + 过去分词）
No wonder he is excited! (predictive) 可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：
delighted, disappointed, upset,
astonished, excited, frightened,
experienced, interested, qualified,
puzzled, exhausted, satisfied过去分词作定语：
1. 分词可以用作前置定语，此时，分词和名词之间有两种语意关系：一种是分词表示主动（但时间上已经过去）；一种是分词表被动。 He is a retired worker.
他是一个退休工人。
This is a newly-developed device.
这是一个新开发的工具。
2. 过去分词作后置定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。Past Participle as the AttributiveLook at the following sentences where the past
participle is used. Find two more examples in the
reading passage of each usage.Example:
1. So many thousands of terrified people died. 过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.
他们当中有一些人，生长在农村，从未见过火车。 2. He found that it came from the river polluted
by the dirty water from London.用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的转移形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。
The general stared at him in startled admiration.
将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。Attentione.g. We asked two of China’s many talented
journalists to tell us more about new.
I want to write about people addicted to drugs.When the past participle is a single word, where do you put, before the noun modified or after it? When the past participle is a phrase, where do you put?过去分词短语用作定语时，一般皆置之于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于口语中。Look at the dialogue and find the use of the past participle.-- I hear you and James are
engaged at last.
-- Yes, we are.
-- When are you getting married?
-- In the spring.
-- Oh, lovely. Where’s the
wedding going to be?Past Participle as the PredicativeExample:
But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people.
He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.
Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.
1. people who are terrified of
2. seats which are reserved
3. water that is polluted
4. a room that is crowded
5. a winner who is pleasedComplete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.26. astonished
children
7. a broken vase
8. a closed door
9. the tired
audience
10. a trapped
animal 6. On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles. They were
marked in green ink.
On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles were
marked in green ink.7. We saw many windows in that room. They
were all cracked.
We saw many cracked windows in that room.
1. Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ___________ from the library. (borrow)高考链接 borrowed2. I’m calling to enquire about the position __________ in yesterday’s China Daily. (advertise)
advertisedPractice3. A great number of students _________ said
they were forced to practise the piano. (question)questioned4. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. (stick)
stuck5. So far nobody has claimed the money
________ in the library. （discover）discovered6. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions _____? (take) taken7. For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ________ on his own farm. (grow）
grown8. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _______
until the plane has come to a complete stop. (seat)
seated9. With the government’s aid, those ______ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.（affect）10. Tom knew he would certainly get _________if he was late home. （shout at ）affectedshouted at11.To?return?to?the?problem?of?water?pollution?,?I'd?like?you?to?look?at?a?study?___________?in?Austra-lia?in?2012. (conduct)（2016 浙江卷）
12.In?art?criticism, you?must?assume?the?artist?has?a?
secret?message_________?within the?work. (hide)
（2016江苏卷）
??conductedhidden13.Jim?has?retired,?but?he?still?remembers?the?
happy?time?____________with?his?students. (spend) (2017北京卷)14.The?island,? __________to?the?mainland?by?a?bridge,?is?easy?to?go?to. (join) (2017全国卷II)spentjoinedPersuasive WritingWriting说服性信函 说服性信函指以信件的形式表达自己的观点或立场，并期待对方认同或接受。在写作过程中，要以合理的语气和口吻为基调，用有说服力的素材来支撑自己的观点，以说明阐述为主，以理动人，以理服人。【写作指导】
我们可以通过以下三个部分来进行写作：
第一部分：引入。写信人首先需要简要说明写信的主要目的。如果需要的话，也可以大致作个自我介绍。
第二部分：阐述。这是说服性信函的主体和核心部分。写信人需要在这个部分有条理地列出自己的理由。 第三部分： 总结。可以用生动的语言重申自己的核心观点，或以情动人、引起共鸣，或升华延伸、画龙点睛。这部分应该注意语言的简练和冲击力，切忌冗杂拖拉的表达。
写作时应注意以下几点：
1. 要注意英文书信的格式，兼顾文化差异，同时要注意避免语法错误；
2. 第一和第三部分注重简练，而第二部分作为信函的主体，要注重条理和说服力；
3. 要注意提高自己语言表达的层级，尝试使用较高级别的词汇、句型或结构。【常用表达】
引入：
I am writing to ...
I hope that ...
That is to say ...
As far as I am concerned ...
In my opinion ...
Personally ...阐述：
Here are my reasons. First of all, I think it would be better if ...
Second, ... Third, ...
Moreover ... What’s more ...
However ... Instead ...
Here I’d like to give my advice on ...
I would like to suggest that ...
If I were you, I would ...总结：
In short ...
All things considered ...
To sum up ...
In brief ...
Please take my advice into consideration and make a final decision. 【Practice】
假如你是Frank。你的同学Tom因家庭经济困难准备辍学。请你根据以下要点提示，给他写封信，说服他继续上学。
要点提示：
听到这个消息很遗憾，希望他能振作起来、积极面对生活。
2. 学生最重要的是学习，这对未来的影响是深远的；每个人都会在生活中遇到挫折，现实的困难是可以克服的；可以申请贫困补助、助学贷款或勤工俭学。
3. 愿意尽全力提供帮助，并期望他能继续学业。
注意：
1. 词数不少于100；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使内容充实、
行文连贯；
3. 参考词汇：
贫困补助 poverty bursary；
助学贷款 student loan；
勤工俭学 take part-time jobs【Sample 】
Dear Tom,
I am sorry to hear your story, and it surprises me that you have decided to drop out of school. I am writing to tell you that you needn’t do that and hope that you will cheer up and face life with confidence.
Here are my reasons. First of all, as a student, to have a good education is the most important, which will have a long-lasting influence on our life. Second, every one of us will meet with some difficulties in our lives and we must face them bravely and optimistically. Third, there are lots of ways to help you get through your present difficult situation. You can apply for poverty bursaries, student loans or take part-time jobs.
I really hope that you will go on with your study, and I will try my best to help you.
Sincerely yours, Frank1. Get more information about some infectious diseases and modern scientists.
2. Finish the Exercises 1, 2, 3 on pages 3 and 4.
3. Review the Grammar and prepare for the next period.
4. Ask the students to write a report about a scientist. Homework
