Unit 3 Life in the future
本单元教学内容为人教版新课标Module 5 Unit 3 Life in the future。本单元的中心话题是“未来生活”，教材内容为学生提供了想象的空间，旨在培养学生预测未来的能力，通过对现实生活与未来生活的对比，唤醒学生把握现在，珍惜现在，爱护环境，保护自然的意识。
第一篇Reading文章主要讲述主人公Li Qiang在时空旅行前、时空旅行中及时空旅行后的所见所想。
第二篇则主要记叙了Li Qiang在太空站认识的两个非常特别的太空生物，并将两个生物的特征进行了对比。两篇阅读文章都是科幻型阅读，旨在唤起学生的想象力，培养学生对未来生活的预测。
语法部分则延续了课文内容，通过作者对未来生活态度的讨论引出过去分词做状语及定语的用法，并以短文填空的形式来巩固文章生词的用法。
听力部分则描绘了一个拥有高新科技的wonderland,表明了人类对美好生活的追求与幻想，并最终通过口语情景设置锻炼学生综合运用英语的能力与技巧，从而对未来生活进行更细致的预测。
考虑到各部分内容的内在联系，笔者结合教学实际将同一话题不同内容与形式的材料进行了重组，对教材内容、编排顺序等进行了调整、删减和补充，将整个单元设计成四个课时，丰富了教学内容和语言活动形式。
【知识与能力目标】
学习与未来生活有关的词汇;能对本单元的生词猜测词义并能用英语释义基本单词;学习有关预测和猜测的表达方式以及过去分词作定语、状语的用法;能听懂关于对未来生活、环境的想象、猜测和思考的会话，想象未来生活可能存在的问题;能用英语简单地谈论未来生活，猜测未来的科技发展趋势;能阅读关于未来生活、未来世界以及外太空和外星人的英语文章;能够较好地发挥想象来描写未来生活和外星生物。
【过程与方法目标】
通过网络或图书馆等途径查找搜集有关科学家对未来生活预测的资料，培养学生利用学习资源的策略;并且笔者结合教学实际对教材内容、编排顺序等进行了调整、删减和补充，将整个单元设计成四个课时。第一课时为Warming-up and Reading, 第二课时为Learning about language, 第三课时为Using language, 第四课时为Listening and speaking。着重培养学生学习运用词汇学习中的猜词策略，激发学生想象力，预测未来生活。
【情感态度与价值观目标】
通过学习课文，使学生回顾历史，认识现在，展望未来，激发学生的想象力;提高环境保护，资源保护意识。通过讨论使学生了解中国和其他国家目前存在的社会问题以及科技发展方向，预测世界未来生活、环境的发展趋势。
1. 采取多种教学方式，讲述法与讨论法相结合，启发式教学法与创设课堂思维情景相结合，接受式学习与探究式学习相结合。
2. 以活动构建教学理论为指导，挖掘课程资源，利用图片、表格、多媒体等多种形式，师生互动，分组探究。
3. 适时对学生的学习过程进行调控与激发，实现教学预设与动态生成的统一。
A recorder, a computer, a projector
1. 掌握有关描绘未来生活的词汇以及有关预测和猜测的表达方式。
2. 通过对文章的学习，根据目前的现状预测未来的生活，提高环境保护、资源保护意识。
3. 掌握过去分词作定语和状语的用法。
4. 运用所学的词汇及句型写出具有一定想象力的短文。
Step 1 Warming up
As our society develops, we have got much benefit. But at the same time, we have to face lots of problems.
Can you find out what kind of problems human beings are facing?
Step 2 Pre-reading
Imagine what changes will happen in the next century in housing, transport, jobs, families, communication, environment and education.
1. What vehicle may people use in the future?
2. In what kind of houses may people live in the future?
3. Where may people live in the future?
4. How do people communicate today?
How will people communicate tomorrow?
Pair work
Work in pairs. Imagine you are an inventor and you have designed a new product, which you want to sell. Introduce it to the class.
Step 3 Fast reading
1. Read the text for the first time and tell what the text is about?
It’s an e-mail written by a man who has taken up a trip to the future.
2. Look at the following sentence, there are in wrong order, tell me the correct order for these sentence
A. We were transported into the future by a comfortable time capsule.
B. I arrived at Wang Ping’s home and everything in his house made me surprised.
C.I won a travel to the year AD3008
D. I have my first try to master a hovering carriage.
Skimming
Para-graph
Main idea and important details
1
2
3
4
Step 4 Careful reading
1. How did Li Qiang feel when he was in the capsule?
2. What is a “time lag”?
3. Who guided Li Qiang’s trip?
4. Why did Li Qiang’s guide give him some tablets?
5. Who transported them to the future?
Scanning:
1. How did I feel as soon as I was transported to the future?
After the writer was transported to the future, he was hit by the lack of fresh air.
2. How did Wang Ping solve this problem?
Wang Ping gave a mask to the writer and hurried him through to a small room nearby to have a rest.
3. What do you think has caused this kind of problem?
Now we are causing more and more pollution to the nature, this will cause serious problems to life in the nature. This may be the cause of the lack of fresh air in the future.
Further reading:
(一) What did Wang Pang’s house look like?
His house is a large bright ,clean room. It had a green Wall, a brown floor and soft lighting .
(二)What was the green wall made of? What’s the purpose of building this kind of green wall?
The green wall was made of trees. The leaves of the trees will provide much-needed oxygen to the house.
(三)Answer the questions.
1. Why did Li Qiang go into the future?
2. How did he feel when he left his own time?
3. How did he get to the year 3008?
4. What did he notice first when he arrived in AD 3008?
5. What else did he find that was different?
(四)Try to explain the following sentences in your own words.
1. I have to constantly rub my eyes to remind myself that I have traveled to the year AD 3005.
2. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
3. Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. My head ached.
4. There were so many carriages that I lost sight of Wang Ping.
5. … and by bending and pressing down on the driving stick one can move swiftly.
6. Tomorrow you will be ready for some visits organized by the company.
(五)Read and discuss which changes to life in AD 3,008 are good and which are bad and give reasons for your choices. Then finish the chart.
Good changes
Bad changes
Time travel
Can travel to
Different times
as you wish
After-effects of travel
Transport
.can move swiftly
Disorganized, difficult to
find way
Houses
save living space
Short of space
Towns
Busy, look like
markets
Easy to get lost
Air quality
Own family
oxygen supply
Poor quality in public places
Sample answers to Ex.2
Step 5 Post-reading
Does the writer have an optimistic or a pessimistic view of the future? Give your reasons.
What is your view of the future and why do you think so?
Group discussion:
Suppose you were Li Qiang and now you were in the future, and your mother is in the actual life. Make a phone call to your mother, trying your best to imagine what will happen in the future and to describe what happens clearly.
Step 6 Language points
1. FIRST IMPRESSIONS 第一印象
impression 印记；印象；感想；后接 of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that 从句；
知识拓展：impress v.给……留下深刻的印象；使铭记；使感动；常用结构有：impress sth. on/upon sib ./ impress sb. with sth .给……留下深刻的印象；使铭记；
做一做:
1）________________________________ was favorable.他给我的第一印象不错。
His first impression on me / My first impression of him
2) His trip to India made ____________________________________.他的印度之行对他的触动很大。a strong impression on him
3) He ____________________________his sincerity. 他的真诚打动了她。 impressed her
2．I still cannot believe that I am taking up my prize that was won last year. 我仍然无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。
take up 有这几个含义：
1）to start to do sth. 开始做（某项工作）；开始从事（工作）；
I have taken up teaching since I graduated from university.
我大学毕业后就从事教学工作。
2）to accept sth. that is offered or available 接受（建议或能得到的东西）
She took up his offer of a drink. 他请她喝一杯，她接受了。
另外还表示“占用空间和时间”
This table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地方了。
The work took up all his time. 那工作花费了他所有的时间。
做一做：
Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ______ most of her day. (广东)
A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up
[归纳总结]
take的短语还有:
take off 起飞，脱掉
take over 接管，接收，承袭
take on 承担，接受，从事，呈现
take care 当心，注意
take care of 照顾…
take place 发生
take in 接受，理解，欺骗，收进，吸收
take advantage of 利用
take away 拿走
take it easy 别着急，放轻松
take your time 从容做，不慌不忙
take part in 参加
take down 记下，写下，拿下, 拆掉，拆台
take … for granted 想当然，认为理当如此
take charge of 负责，照管，监理，担任
take effect 生效，起作用
take after 像;与...相似
3.I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008. 我不得不一直不断地提醒自己已到了公元3008年。
1)remind v.提醒；使想起；常用结构有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事；remind sb.＋(that)/wh-从句 提醒某人……；使某人想起……； remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意识到……；提醒某人某事
He reminded the children to wash their hands. 他提醒孩子们去洗手。 This song reminds me of my childhood. 这首歌曲使我想起了我的孩提时代。 The doctor reminds me that I should see her again in two months. 医生提醒我两个月后应再去看她。
做一做： ①1You _________me ______your father when you say that. 你说这样的话使我想起了你的父亲。
remind of
②Remind me ________ __________Alan before I go out.
提醒我在出去之前给艾伦打电话。
to phone
知识拓展：reminder n.提醒物；引起回忆的事物
2)constantly adv.始终； 一直；重复不断地
Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是日新月异。
知识拓展：constant adj.连续发生的；不断的；重复的；
4. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. 因为担心旅程，开始的头几天我很不安。
此处 Worried about the journey的作用相当于一个原因状语从句As I was worried about the journey,在句中作状语
5. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period.
这种病有些像乘喷气式飞机高速飞行时所引起的时差反应那样，所不同的是，它意味着你的脑海里不停地从以前的时间段一直往回闪去。
1）be similar to 与……相似
be the same as 与……相同
be different from 与……不同
2）you get是定语从句，修饰the “jet lag”, 省略了关系代词which/that(作get的宾语)；when flying是省略句，省略了主语you和谓语动词的一部分were；instead位于句首或句末，作状语，引出与上文不同的内容。
3) jet lag指喷气式飞行时差综合症，即乘飞机跨越时区时，人体的生物钟或昼夜生理节律仍然停留在原时区的状态，从而与新时区不同步。flashback往事；往回闪现。
4) previous adj.先前的；以往的；（时间上）稍前的
No previous experience is necessary for this job.
这一工作无需相关的经验。
I couldn’t believe it when I heard the news. I had only seen him the previous day.
听到这个消息时，我不敢相信；我就在前一天还见到过他。
知识拓展：previously adv. 先前的；早先
The building had previously been used as a hotel.
这座楼房早先曾用作旅馆。
6. Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company. called “Future Tours” ,transported me safely into the future in a time capsule. 他父母的“Future??Tours”公司技能精湛，用时间太空舱安全地把我运送到未来。
1) Well-known for their expertise表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句，表示他父母的“Future??Tours”公司能够把我运送到未来的原因
2) named “Future Tours”是过去分词作定语，相当于定语从句that was named “Future Tours”
7. Hit by the lack of fresh air, … 缺乏新鲜空气我感觉受不了。
1) lack 用作名词表示：“缺乏；短缺”；用作动词表示：“缺乏；短缺；没有；不足”。
a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金钱/技能
做一做:
①The trip was cancelled through___________________________.
因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。
through lack of interest.
②He ____________________________. 他缺乏信心。He lacks confidence.
知识拓展：lacking adj. 缺乏；没有；匮乏；不足
2）surroundings n.[pl.] 环境；surround v. 围绕；环绕； surrounding adj.周围的；附近的
Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings.
人人都喜欢在愉快的环境中工作。
8. Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer. 很快我又重新振作起来，跟随他领取了一部由电脑控制的气垫车.
1）back on one’s feet 经受打击后重新站起来，再次恢复了健康
2）driven by computer在句中作定语,相当于 which was driven by computer；
过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语从句：
The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.
外国专家所提出的建议被经理采纳了。
9.These hovering carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat.
1）by+ doing 用某种方式或手段, 如, They put out the fire by pouring water on it. 他们泼水扑灭了火； 句中by bending and pressing down on the driving stick strongly修饰move swiftly,表示使气垫车“迅速地移动”的手段；driving stick中的driving为动名词作定语，表示用途，如：a sleeping car 用来睡觉的车（卧铺车）；one在句中泛指人。
2） bend 弯曲；使弯曲；弯腰；弯身；常用搭配有: bend one’s mind/efforts to sth. 致力于某事；bend sb.to sth. 迫使；说服 bend the truth 歪曲事实
It’s hard to bend an iron bar. 把铁棒弄弯很不容易。
做一做:
①She _____________________and kissed her daughter.
她低下头吻了她的女儿。
bent her head
②The road_________ sharply__________________. 路向右急转弯。
bent …to the right.
3) press v. 压；按；推；挤；坚持；敦促 n. 报章杂志，新闻工作者，新闻界
做一做:
①She ______ _________hard _____the gas pedal.
她用力踩下油门踏板。 pressed down…on
②He is still _________her claim_______ compensation(赔偿).
他仍坚持索赔。 pressing … for
③______ _________was/were not allowed to attend the trial(审判).
庭审谢绝新闻采访。The press
4）by后接动名词，常作状语，修饰谓语或某个动作，表示其行为的方式或手段。
做一做:
He made his boss pleased________________________________.
他改进了工作老板很高兴 by improving his work
10. However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we …王平不见了。
lose sight of 看不见, 忘记, 失去 其反义词组catch sight of sth/sb 看见某人/物
另外, at first sight 一见就；乍看起来； at (the) sight of 一看见就……；out of sight 看不见 ： Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见,心不念。be in sight 看得见，在眼前；
做一做:
1）We___________________ several precious animals. 我们失去了很多的珍惜动物
have lost sight of
2）乍看起来，这个问题好像容易。__________________________________________________.
At first sight, the problem seems easy.
3）小岛仍然可以看的见。_____________________________________.
The small island is still in sight
4）一看见老师男孩就跑掉。 ________________________________________________.
At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away.
11. He was swept up into the centre of them .他被卷入到这群车队当中去了，
sweep up打扫，横扫；涌向；快速地抱起
She was left to sweep up after the party.
聚会结束后她被留下来打扫。
做一做:
1) He ________________________into his arms.
他一把将孩子抱进怀里。
swept up the baby
2) In pushing to the train, the children ___________the crowds of people.
A. sweeping up into B. swept up into
C. were swept up D. were swept up into
[归纳总结]
sweep 的其它短语
sweep aside 用力把…推到一边；对…置之不理
sweep away 扫走；刮走；冲走
sweep down 冲下
sweep off 扫去；大量清除
sweep over 扫过；席卷
与 up 组成的动词短语
stay up 熬夜
go up 上涨
give up 放弃
get up 上升；起床
eat up 吃光；耗尽
cut up 切碎
lift?up 举起
come?up 升起
stand?up 起立
12. Just at that moment I had a “time lag” flashback and saw the area again as it had been in the year AD 2008.就在那一时刻，我得了时间滞后症，在我脑海里，这个地方又闪回到公元2008年。
1) time lag指乘坐时间太空舱穿梭未来时由于速度极快而产生的“时间滞后症”，与jet lag喷气式飞行时差综合症，即乘飞机跨越时区时人体的生物钟或昼夜生理节律仍然停留在原时区的状态类似。
2) as it had been in the year AD 2005 是方式状语从句,修饰主句I saw the area again ;
as it had been 是由as it be变来的， as it be表示 “按照原状, 照旧, 像…”
The situation is as it was before.形势还是原来那样.
13. Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic.
王平闪了一下电脑屏幕上的开关，于是一张桌子和几把椅子就像魔术般地从地面升了起来。
本句有两个句子并列，前两者之间用逗号隔开最后两者之间用and连接；
2) 后面的一个分句使用了倒装句，主要是为避免头重脚轻，使句子平衡，同时也可使前后联系得更加紧密，正常语序是a switch on a computer screen flashed；
3) 此处as if 引导的是一个省略的方式状语从句，其完整句子是as if a table and chairs rose from under the floor by magic
4) switch 用作名词表示“开关；转换”。用作动词表示“转换，改变”。
She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born.。
第一个孩子出生后，她就由全日工作改为非全日工作。
Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen.
按这两个键就可以在屏幕上的文件之间进行切换。
I can’t work next week. Will you switch with me?
下个周末我不能上班，咱俩换个班好不好？
14. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 由于太累了，我倒在床上马上就睡
着了。
exhausted表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句As I was exhausted；fell fast asleep 酣睡。fast或sound常与fall asleep 搭配表示睡的程度深。
做一做:
1) ______________, the children ___________ __________at once.
由于太累了，孩子们马上就睡着了。
Exhausted , fell asleep
2) 太激动了，这位老人一句话也说不出来。_______________________________________________________.
Too excited, the old man couldn’t say a word
Step 8 Grammar
Past participle used as the Adverbial
[语境领悟]
Rewrite the sentence below.
Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
= As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
participle used as the adverbial
Read three more sentences with past participles used as the adverbial.
1. Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company, called “Future Tour”, transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.
2. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
3. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast sleep.
More example sentences
1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water.
2. When it is seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.
Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.
[要点精析]
过去分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语为句子的主语。如：
Asked why he did it, the young man said it was his favorite.
过去分词作状语，相当于一个状语从句。
过去分词作时间状语过去分词作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。有时，过去分词前可以加when, while, until等词来强调过去分词所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示动作的时间关系。
1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water.
When heated, ice will be changed into water.
2. When it is seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed.
Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.
[实战演练]
1. When help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”
2. When ________, the museum will be open to the public next year.
3. When ______ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语，相当于as, since, because等词引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句首。
1. Since / As she was given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid.
Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid.
2. Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.
Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.
[实战演练]
by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.
【分析】“受到科技进步的激励，许多农民在他们的土地上建起了风力发电场。” 该句可转化为：As they are encouraged by the advances in technology, …。
过去分词作条件或者假设状语过去分词作条件状语，相当于if, unless等词引导的条件状语从句。
1. If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.
Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.
2. If I am compared with you, we still have a long way to go.
Compared with you, we still have a long way to go.
过去分词作方式或伴随情况状语1. The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog.
The hunter left his house, followed by his dog.
2. She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought.
She sat by the window, lost in thought.
[高考真题]
Mr. Smith, ____ of the ____ speech, started to read a novel.
【答案】 tired; boring 。
(be) tired of 的意思是“厌倦…”，过去分词短语在句中作原因状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语Mr. Smith；现在分词boring的意思是“令人厌烦的”，修饰speech。
过去分词作让步状语
过去分词作让步状语。过去分词与though / although / even if / even though / however等词连用，相当于一个让步状语从句。
Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey, we continued our journey.
Exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.
[高考真题]
No matter how frequently , the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
【答案】 performed 。
“不管多么频繁地被演奏，贝多芬的作品仍吸引着全世界的人们。”句子还原即是No matter how frequently they are performed, …
Summary:
1)过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语、让步状语等。
2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。
过去分词作状语有两大特点：
1)表示被动的动作，分词与主语的逻辑关系被动；
2)表示已经完成的动作。
实战演练
Rewrite the sentences with proper conjunctions.
1. Asked what had happened, he told us about it.
→When he was asked what had happened, he told us about it.
2. Well-known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.
→Because he was well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.
3. Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.
If we were given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.
4. Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.
Once it was translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.
5. Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.
Because she was deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.
6. Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.
Although he was left alone at home，Sam did not feel afraid at all.
实战演练
1 .Rewrite the sentences with past participle. As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
→ _______________________ , I was unsettled for the first few days. 2. If he is given time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
→ _________ , he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
3. As I was confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.
→ ______________________________, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.
4. When he was questioned by the police about the fire, he became tense.
→ ________________________________, he became tense
比较下面的每组两句话。
1. Following the old man, we went upstairs.
(跟着那个老人, 我们上了楼)
2. Followed by the old man, we went upstairs.
(被那个老人跟着, 我们上了楼)
3. 从上面看, 体育场好像一个鸟巢。
____ from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest.
A. Seeing B. Seen
4. 从太空看, 宇航员看不到长城。
____ from the space, the astronaut could not discover the Great Wall.
A. Seeing B. Seen
注 意
作状语的过去分词其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的；过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。这一点是与现在分词作状语的情况是不同的，后者与主语之间是主谓关系。
Complete each sentence using the Past Participle of the right verb. frighten trap follow shoot
1) _________ by noises in the night, the girl no longer dared to sleep in her room.
2) The lady returned home, ________ by two policemen.
3) If _______ in a burning building, you should send for help.
4) Although ____in the leg, he continued firing at the thief.
Past participle Used as the Attribute 过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的被动关系,且表示该动作已经完成。单个的过去分词作定语,通常置于被修饰的词的前面；分词短语作定语时,须置于被修饰词的后面。
1. Last Sunday we went on an organized trip to the forest. 上周日我们进行了一次有组织的去森林的旅行。
2. A letter posted today will reach him the day after tomorrow. 今天寄出的信后天他就能收到。
A．被动意义
an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人
(受伤的工人)are now being taken good care of in the hospital. (The injured workers )
B. 完成意义
a retired teacher 一位退休教师
They are cleaning (落叶) in the yard.（the fallen leaves ）
过去分词作定语前置和后置
两种情况:
1.前置定语
单个的过去分词作定语, 通常放在被修饰的名词之前, 表示被动和完成意义。
2. 后置定语
过去分词短语作定语时, 通常放在被修饰的名词之后, 它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.
= that has ever been written
Who were the so-called guests invited
(= who had been invited ) to your party last night?
注意:
如果被修饰的词是由every / some /any /no + thing / body /one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如：
Is there anything unsolved?
There is noting changed here since I left this town.
现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别
现在分词作定语，它与被修饰的名词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，而且该动词的动作正在进行。
过去分词做定语时，它与被修饰的名词存在着逻辑上有动宾关系，而且该动词的动作已经发生了。
He worked as a worker building roads. (主动)
= He worked as a worker who / that built roads.
This is a picture painted by my father. (被动)
= This is a picture which was painted by my father.
I know the young man sleeping on the bench. (在进行)
= I know the young man who is sleeping on the bench.
The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow. (已完成)
= The letter which was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.
分词作定语可以转换成定语从句:
We live in a house facing (which faces) the south.
This is the factory (which was) built in 1980.
过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。
Some of them, born and brought up in country villages, had never seen a train.
[高考链接]
①(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My ambassadorial duties will include ___________ (introduce) British visitors to the 120 plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
②(2016·四川高考)For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something ______ (eat)!
③(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people ______ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
④(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Yangshuo is really beautiful. A study of travelers _________ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
[实战演练]
1. The Olympic Games, _________ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912.
简析: 首先,根据语法分析可知,待选部分是一个作定语、修饰 The Olympic Games的后置分词短语;再根据 The Olympic Games 对于动词 play 来说只能是被动承受, 且已完成 (in 776 B. C.)。
2. What’s the language _________ in Germany?
简析: 测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句 which is spoken。
3. Most of the artists _______ to the party were from South Africa.
简析: 测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动, 等于定语从句who were invited。
4. The first textbooks _______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
简析: 测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句which were written。
5. The first textbooks _______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
简析: 测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句which were written。
5. The first textbooks _______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
简析: 测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句which were written。
[语法过关]
Fill in the blanks.
1. I like reading the novels _________ (write) by Zhang Ailing.
2. The girl _________ (write) a letter in the study is my cousin.
3.There is something wrong with my car and I have to get it _______ (repair).
4. I want the doors of my new house _________ (paint) white.
5. There was a ________ (surprise) look on his face.
6. He was ______ (excite) at the good news.
7. The story was so ______ (move) that he was ______ (move) to tears.
8. _____ (use) in this way, the word shouldn’t be taken as a verb.
9. _____ (arm) with special guns, knives and brushes, two astronauts began fixing the spacecraft.
10. Though _____ (catch) in a traffic jam, we managed to arrive at the airport.
11. Susan is not easy to get along with. But once ______ (gain), her friendship will last forever.
12. Henry didn’t attend the party _____ (hold) at Tom’s house last night, for he was busy preparing for his exam.
Step 9 Writing
怎样写想象类作文
本单元写作要求用英语写想象类的说明文或记叙文。想象类作文允许自由想象、自主发挥的空间较大，因此需要灵活的思维能力和丰富的想象能力。 写好此类作文要注意：
1. 明确中心、展开想象。要在中心的基础上列好提纲、写出主题句，然后据此展开想象。
2. 想象要源于生活，表象生活。想象不是胡编乱造，要源于生活实际。要观察生活，要做到符合逻辑，顺利成章。
3. 语言要规范，表达地道。选用自己熟悉的词汇和句型来组织语言进行表达。
想象类作文的写作步骤：1. 呈现话题。2. 详细介绍。3. 总结。
[亮点句式]
这类短文的常用句型有：
What will the future life be like?
With the development of science and technology, robots will surely come into our daily life.
I often dream bout living in the undersea.
Thanks to the internet, children will study at home instead of going to school .
I’m sure the dream will come true.
What exercise me most is that perhaps each family will have a robot in the future.
How I wish I could have such a robot in the future so that I can …!
With such a robot, my future life will be more colorful.
I believe my robot will be popular and do many things for me.
[实战演练]
请根据下面的提示，以“Life in the future”为题，写一篇120词左右的短文，展现以下未来的生活。
度假地点。
居住地点。
教育医疗。
家务劳动。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[写作指导]
一、要点搜索
1. 太空度假，月球生活。
2. 科学家在海地生活。
3. 足不出户接受远程医疗。
4. 在家学习不必去学校。
5. 机器人做家务活。
二、补充细节，运用适当连接性词语。
三、确定本文人称应为第一人称为主；确定时态为将来时。
[参考范文]
Life in the future
Sometimes I dream about life in the future. What will it be?
People can travel the outer space freely. Space shuttle can bring people to planets far from the earth. Perhaps some people will go to the moon for a holiday or even live on the moon, or some scientists will build cities under the sea to make people live there. We can have a medical examination without leaving our homes and children will study at home instead of going to school, which makes the life more convenient. In the future, all electric equipment at home is under the control of computers. Every day we can tell the robot what to do-shopping, housework and so on.
I believe the dream will come true someday.
Step 10 Homework
Retell the text according to the following clues and then write down your retelling.
略
课件132张PPT。Life in the futureUnit 3As our society develops, we have got much benefit. But at the same time, we have to face lots of problems.
Can you find out what kind of problems human beings are facing? Warming up huge populationdifferent kinds of pollutionglobal warmingfood safetyshortage of resourcesbad environmenthungerwarTalking about the future, what do you care about most?populationtrafficpollutionglobal warminghousingworld peacefoodenvironmentmore peoplelive on the moon Talk about what you think may happen in the future.use robert no forestsno petrolwork at home travel by spacecraft no warmore pollutioncities under the seaImagine what changes will happen in the next century in housing, transport, jobs, families, communication, environment and education.Pre-reading a solar energy carWhat vehicle may people use in the future?In what kind of houses may people live in the future?on the moon under the seaWhere may people live in the future?How do people communicate today?How will people communicate tomorrow?Work in pairs. Imagine you are an inventor and you have designed a new product, which you want to sell. Introduce it to the class.Pair work The passage is mainly about _____.
A. how Li Qiang was transported to the future
B. how Li Qiang got to the future and his first impressions of it
C. what the life was like in the future
D. the introduction of the “Future Tour” companyBFast reading a. We were transported into the future by a comfortable time capsule.
b. I arrived at Wang Ping’s home and everything in his house made me surprised.
c. I won a travel to the year AD 3008.
d. I have my first try to master a hovering carriage.Put the following sentences into the correct order.cabdMain idea: How I came to take a time
travel journeyDetails: my prize; my excitementMain idea: The journeyDetails: how I felt; the spaceship; the journeySkimmingGo through the first two paragraphs quickly and answer the following questions.1. What is a “time lag”?
2. How did Li Qiang feel when he was in the capsule ? 3. Who guided Li Qiang’s trip?
4. Why did Li Qiang’s guide give him some tablets?
5. Who transported them to the future?Careful reading 1. What is a “time lag”?
“Time lag’’ means a person gets flashbacks from his previous time period.2. How did Li Qiang feel when he was in the
capsule?The seats in the capsule were very comfortable.3. Who guided Li Qiang’s trip?
His friend.4. Why did Li Qiang’s guide give him some tablets?
The tablets could help him feel less nervous and uncertain.
5. Who transported them to the future?
Wang Ping’s parents’ company.Go through the third paragraph, and then try to answer the following questions.1. How did Li Qiang feel as soon as he landed in the future?
2. How did Wang Ping solve this problem? 3. What do you think has cause this kind of problem? Scanning1. How did Li Qiang feel as soon as he was transported to the year AD 3008?
2. How did Wang Ping solve this problem?He felt that he was lack of fresh air. The air was very thin.He gave Li Qiang a mask to put on and hurried him to rest. 3. What do you think has caused this kind of problem?
Now we are causing more and more pollution to the nature, and this will cause serious problems to the life in the future. This may be the cause of the lack of fresh air in the future.Read the fourth paragraph carefully and then answer the following questions.What did Wang Ping’s house look like?
2. What was the green wall made of ? What’s the purpose of building this kind of green wall?Further reading: Answer the questions
Why did Li Qiang go into the future?
How did he feel when he left his own time?
How did he get to the year 3008?Because he had won a prize that gave him a tour.He felt rather anxious but soon got it over.By time capsule.What did he notice first when he arrived in AD 3008?
What else did he find that was different?The first thing he noticed was the poor quality of the air and it gave him a headache.A mask to give him enough oxygen, a hovering carriage, having a “time lag” experience, a strange-looking house that belonged to Wang Ping’s parents; trees that acted as walls and provided oxygen for the room, tables, chairs and a bed that were stored under the floor.I have to constantly rub my eyes to remind myself that I have traveled to the year AD 3005.
2. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.I have to rub my eyes repeatedly to make myself remember that I have traveled to the year AD 3005.
As I was worried about the journey, I didn’t feel relaxed for the first few days.Try to explain the following sentences in your own words.3. Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. My head ached.
4. There were so many carriages that I lost sight of Wang Ping.Because I couldn't adapt to the new environment, I felt there wasn't enough fresh air and I got a headache.I couldn't see Wang Ping because there were so many carriages.5. … and by bending and pressing down on the driving stick one can move swiftly.
6. Tomorrow you will be ready for some visits organized by the company.People can move fast by operating the driving stick.You will take part in some visits which will be organized by the company tomorrow.Read and discuss which changes to life in AD 3,008 are good and which are bad and give reasons for your choices. Then finish the chart.
can travel to different times as you wishcan move swiftlysave living spacebusy; look like markersown family oxygen supplyafter-effects of traveldisorganized; difficult to find wayshort of spaceeasy to get lostpoor quality in
public placesDoes the writer have an optimistic or a pessimistic view of the future? Give your reasons.
What is your view of the future and why do you think so?Post reading Suppose you were Li Qiang and now you were in the future, and your mother is in the actual life. Make a phone call to your mother, trying your best to imagine what will happen in the future and to describe what happens clearly.Group discussion1. FIRST IMPRESSIONS 第一印象
impression 印记；印象；感想；
后接 of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that 从句；
知识拓展：
impress v.给……留下深刻的印象；使铭记；使感动；
常用结构有：impress sth. on/upon sib ./ impress sb. with sth .给……留下深刻的印象；使铭记；Language points做一做:
1）________________________________ was favorable.他给我的第一印象不错。
His first impression on me / My first impression of him
2) His trip to India made ____________________________________.他的印度之行对他的触动很大。a strong impression on him
3) He ____________________________his sincerity. 他的真诚打动了她。 impressed her
2．I still cannot believe that I am taking up my prize that was won last year. 我仍然无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。
take up 有这几个含义：
1）to start to do sth. 开始做（某项工作）；开始从事（工作）；
I have taken up teaching since I graduated from university.
我大学毕业后就从事教学工作。
2）to accept sth. that is offered or available 接受（建议或能得到的东西）
She took up his offer of a drink. 他请她喝一杯，她接受了。
另外还表示“占用空间和时间”
This table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地方了。
The work took up all his time. 那工作花费了他所有的时间。
做一做：
Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ______ most of her day. (广东)
A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up
答案 Atake的短语还有:
take off 起飞，脱掉
take over 接管，接收，承袭
take on 承担，接受，从事，呈现
take care 当心，注意
take care of 照顾…
take place 发生
take in 接受，理解，欺骗，收进，吸收
take advantage of 利用
take away 拿走 take it easy 别着急，放轻松
take your time 从容做，不慌不忙
take part in 参加
take down 记下，写下，拿下, 拆掉，拆台
take … for granted 想当然，认为理当如此
take charge of 负责，照管，监理，担任
take effect 生效，起作用
take after 像;与...相似To keep healthy, Professor Johnson _____
cycling as regular form of exercise after he retired.
A. took up B. caught on
C. carried on D. made for
2. My cousin doesn’t know what to_____ at the university; he can’t make up his mind about his future.
A. take on B. take away
C. take up D. take after[小试身手]AC假如你想从事这项工作，你必须先接受三个月的训练。 (take up)
If you want to take up this job, you should first be trained for three months.
当他长大后，他开始从事写作，并以此作为自己的终身事业。(take up)
When he grew up, he took up writing as his lifetime career. 3.I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008. 我不得不一直不断地提醒自己已到了公元3008年。
1)remind v.提醒；使想起；
常用结构有:
remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事；
remind sb.＋(that)/wh-从句 提醒某人……；使某人想起……；
remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意识到……；提醒某人某事
He reminded the children to wash their hands. 他提醒孩子们去洗手。
This song reminds me of my childhood. 这首歌曲使我想起了我的孩提时代。
The doctor reminds me that I should see her again in two months. 医生提醒我两个月后应该再去看她。做一做： ①1You _________me ______your father when you say that. 你说这样的话使我想起了你的父亲。
remind of
②Remind me ________ __________Alan before I go out. 提醒我在出去之前给艾伦打电话。
to phone 知识拓展：
reminder n.提醒物；引起回忆的事物
2)constantly adv.始终； 一直；重复不断地
Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是日新月异。
知识拓展：constant adj.连续发生的；不断的；重复的；4. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
因为担心旅程，开始的头几天我很不安。
此处 Worried about the journey的作用相当于一个原因状语从句As I was worried about the journey,在句中作状语
5. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period. 这种病有些像乘喷气式飞机高速飞行时所引起的时差反应那样，所不同的是，它意味着你的脑海里不停地从以前的时间段一直往回闪去。
1）be similar to 与……相似
be the same as 与……相同
be different from 与……不同
2）句子结构分析：you get是定语从句，修饰the “jet lag”, 省略了关系代词which/that(作get的宾语)；when flying是省略句，省略了主语you和谓语动词的一部分were；instead位于句首或句末，作状语，引出与上文不同的内容。3) previous adj.先前的；以往的；（时间上）稍前的
No previous experience is necessary for this job.
这一工作无需相关的经验。
I couldn't believe it when I heard the news. I had only seen him the previous day.
听到这个消息时，我不敢相信；我就在前一天还见到过他。
知识拓展：
previously adv. 先前的；早先
The building had previously been used as a hotel.
这座楼房早先曾用作旅馆。 6. Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company. called “Future Tours” ,transported me safely into the future in a time capsule. 他父母的“Future??Tours”公司技能精湛，用时间太空舱安全地把我运送到未来。
1) Well-known for their expertise表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句，表示他父母的“Future??Tours”公司能够把我运送到未来的原因
2) named “Future Tours”是过去分词作定语，相当于定语从句that was named “Future Tours”。
7. Hit by the lack of fresh air, … 缺乏新鲜空气我感觉受不了。
1) lack 用作名词表示：“缺乏；短缺”；用作动词表示：“缺乏；短缺；没有；不足”。
a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金钱/技能
做一做:
①The trip was cancelled through____________________.
因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。
through lack of interest.
②He ____________________________. 他缺乏信心。
He lacks confidence. 知识拓展：
lacking adj. 缺乏；没有；匮乏；不足
surroundings n.[pl.] 环境；surround v. 围绕；环绕；
surrounding adj.周围的；附近的
Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings.
人人都喜欢在愉快的环境中工作。8. Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer. 很快我又重新振作起来，跟随他领取了一部由电脑控制的气垫车.
1）back on one's feet 经受打击后重新站起来，再次恢复了健康
2）driven by computer在句中作定语,相当于 which was driven by computer；
过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语从句：
The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.
外国专家所提出的建议被经理采纳了。9．These hovering carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat.
1）by+ doing 用某种方式或手段, 如,
They put out the fire by pouring water on it. 他们泼水扑灭了火； 句中by bending and pressing down on the driving stick strongly修饰move swiftly,表示使气垫车“迅速地移动”的手段；
driving stick中的driving为动名词作定语，表示用途，如：
a sleeping car 用来睡觉的车（卧铺车）；one在句中泛指人。
2） bend 弯曲；使弯曲；弯腰；弯身；
常用搭配有: bend one's mind/efforts to sth. 致力于某事；
bend sb.to sth. 迫使；说服 bend the truth 歪曲事实
It's hard to bend an iron bar. 把铁棒弄弯很不容易。做一做:
①She _____________________and kissed her daughter.
她低下头吻了她的女儿。
bent her head
②The road_________ sharply__________________. 路向右急转弯。
bent …to the right.3) press v. 压；按；推；挤；坚持；敦促 n. 报章杂志，新闻工作者，新闻界
做一做:
①She ______ _________hard _____the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油门踏板。
pressed down…on
②He is still _________her claim_______ compensation(赔偿).
他仍坚持索赔。
pressing … for
③______ _________was/were not allowed to attend the trial(审判). 庭审谢绝新闻采访。
The press4）by后接动名词，常作状语，修饰谓语或某个动作，表示其行为的方式或手段。
做一做:
He made his boss pleased_______________________.
他改进了工作老板很高兴
by improving his work10．However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we …王平不见了。
lose sight of 看不见, 忘记, 失去
其反义词组catch sight of sth/sb 看见某人/物
另外,
at first sight 一见就；乍看起来 ；
at (the) sight of 一看见就……;
out of sight 看不见 ：
Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见,心不念。
be in sight 看得见，在眼前 做一做:
1）We___________________ several precious animals. 我们失去了很多的珍惜动物
have lost sight of
2）乍看起来，这个问题好像容易。__________________________________________________.
At first sight, the problem seems easy.
3）小岛仍然可以看的见。_____________________________________.
The small island is still in sight
4）一看见老师男孩就跑掉。 ________________________________________________.
At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away.11．He was swept up into the centre of them .他被卷入到这群车队当中去了，
sweep up打扫，横扫；涌向；快速地抱起
She was left to sweep up after the party. 聚会结束后她被留下来打扫。
做一做:
1) He ________________________into his arms.他一把将孩子抱进怀里。
swept up the baby
2)In pushing to the train, the children ___________the crowds of people. A. sweeping up into B. swept up into
C. were swept up D. were swept up into sweep aside 用力把…推到一边；对…置之不理
sweep away 扫走；刮走；冲走
sweep down 冲下
sweep off 扫去；大量清除
sweep over 扫过；席卷sweep 的其它短语stay up 熬夜
go up 上涨
give up 放弃
get up 上升；起床
eat up 吃光；耗尽
cut up 切碎
lift?up 举起
come?up 升起
stand?up 起立 pull?up连根拔起
pick?up 拾起
put?up 搭起
set?up 建起
look?up抬头；查(资料等)
hold?up举起
send?up 发射 turn?up开大(声音等)
catch?up 赶上与 up 组成的动词短语12．Just at that moment I had a “time lag” flashback and saw the area again as it had been in the year AD 2008.就在那一时刻，我得了时间滞后症，在我脑海里，这个地方又闪回到公元2008年。
1) as it had been in the year AD 2005 是方式状语从句,修饰主句I saw the area again ;
as it had been 是由as it be变来的，
as it be表示 “按照原状, 照旧, 像…”
The situation is as it was before.形势还是原来那样.
At first sight, the problem seems easy.
小岛仍然可以看的见。__________________________________.
The small island is still in sight
一看见老师男孩就跑掉。 _______________________________.
At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away.
13. Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. 王平闪了一下电脑屏幕上的开关，于是一张桌子和几把椅子就像魔术般地从地面升了起来。
本句有两个句子并列，前两者之间用逗号隔开最后两者之间用and连接；
2) 后面的一个分句使用了倒装句，主要是为避免头重脚轻，使句子平衡，同时也可使前后联系得更加紧密，正常语序是a switch on a computer screen flashed；
3) 此处as if 引导的是一个省略的方式状语从句，其完整句子是as if a table and chairs rose from under the floor by magic4）switch 用作名词表示“开关；转换”。用作动词表示“转换，改变”。
She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born.。
第一个孩子出生后，她就由全日工作改为非全日工作。
Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen.
按这两个键就可以在屏幕上的文件之间进行切换。
I can't work next week, will you switch with me?
下个周末我不能上班，咱俩换个班好不好？14．Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 由于太累了，我倒在床上马上就睡着了。
exhausted表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句As I was exhausted；fell fast asleep 酣睡。fast或sound常与fall asleep 搭配表示睡的程度深。
做一做:
1) ______________, the children ___________ __________at once.
由于太累了，孩子们马上就睡着了。
Exhausted , fell asleep
2) 太激动了，这位老人一句话也说不出来。_______________________________________________________.
Too excited, the old man couldn’t say a word
实战演练：
一、用方框内短语的适当形式填空(每个短语限用一次)。
take up, remind ... of ..., on one’s feet, lack of, sweep up, in no time, lose sight of, catch sight of, slide into ?1. Everything is ready. We can begin ___________. ?2. Tom couldn’t buy that bike he wanted? because of a __________ money.
3. Though the train drove away, she stood there until she ____________ it. in no time lack oflost sight of take up, remind ... of ..., on one’s feet, lack of, sweep up,
in no time, lose sight of, catch sight of, slide into4. After graduation, he wanted to _______ a job as a photographer. 5. She was caught _________ the garden and picking a flower. 6. Lisa was _____________ the pieces of paper and broken glass.take up sliding intosweeping up7. No sooner had the question been asked than he was ___________ to reply. 8. ______________ the policeman, the thief ran away as fast as he could.
9. The story _________ me _________ the small village where I lived when I was young.take up, remind ... of ..., on one’s feet, lack of, sweep up,
in no time, lose sight of, catch sight of, slide intoon his feet Catching sight ofreminded of 二、根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。
他一连看了三个小时的电视。(keep on doing sth. )
2. 因为吃了些坏鱼,他第二天早晨感到胃痛。(as a result of )
3. 大学毕业后他开始写小说。(take up ) For three hours he kept on watching TV.As a result of eating some bad fish, he had a stomachache the next morning.He took up writing novels after graduating from university. 4. 虽然缺钱,他还是设法让他的妹妹去上学。(lack )
5. 当爷爷睡着的时候, 小汤姆溜出了房间。 (slide out )
6. 工作了一整天之后, 他们很快就睡熟了。 (fast asleep )He managed to send his sister to school though he lacked money.Little Tom slid out of the room when his grandfather was sleeping.They soon fell fast asleep after a full day’s work.7. 我乍一看以为是马力,但实际是他的胞弟马强。(at first sight)
8. 这本书对这些学生来说太难理解了。(take in )
9. 这种药物帮助她康复了。(be back on one’s feet)At first sight I thought it was Ma Li. Actually it was his twin brother Ma Qiang. The book is too difficult for these students to take in. The medicine helped her to be back on her feet. Past participle Used as the AdverbialGrammar Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.= As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.Rewrite the sentence below.participle used as the adverbial情景感悟Read three more sentences with past participles used as the adverbial.1. Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company, called “Future Tour”, transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.
2. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
3. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast sleep.More example sentences1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water.
2. When it is seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.When heated, ice will be changed into water.Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.过去分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语为句子的主语。如：
Asked why he did it, the young man said it was his favorite.
过去分词作状语，相当于一个状语从句。名师精讲过去分词作时间状语1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water.
When heated, ice will be changed into water. 过去分词作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。有时，过去分词前可以加when, while, until等词来强调过去分词所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示动作的时间关系。 2. When it is seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed.
Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape. When help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”
2. When ________ , the museum will be open to the public next year.
3. When _______ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. offered completed实战演练 asked过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语，相当于as, since, because等词引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句首。 2. Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.
Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.1. Since / As she was given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid.
Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.
【分析】“受到科技进步的激励，许多农民在他们的土地上建起了风力发电场。” 该句可转化为：As they are encouraged by the advances in technology, …。实战演练 Encouraged过去分词作条件或者假设状语过去分词作条件状语，相当于if, unless等词引导的条件状语从句。 1. If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.
Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.2. If I am compared with you, we still have a long way to go.
Compared with you, we still have a long way to go._____ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.
答案： Given。“如果得到正确的训练，这些少年足球选手们有朝一日可能成为国际明星。” 如果把句子补充完整: If they are given the right kind of training , 就不难看出主语these teenager soccer players与give之间是被动关系。[高考真题]Unless ____ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference．
If ____ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well．invited given过去分词作方式或伴随情况状语过去分词作方式状语或伴随状语时，相当于一个并列分句，没有相应的状语从句可替换。 2. She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought.
She sat by the window, lost in thought. 1. The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog.
The hunter left his house, followed by his dog. Mr. Smith, ____ of the ____ speech, started to read a novel.
【答案】 tired; boring 。
(be) tired of 的意思是“厌倦…”，过去分词短语在句中作原因状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语Mr. Smith；现在分词boring的意思是“令人厌烦的”，修饰speech。[高考真题]过去分词作让步状语过去分词作让步状语。过去分词与though / although / even if / even though / however等词连用，相当于一个让步状语从句。 Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey, we continued our journey.
Exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.No matter how frequently , the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
【答案】 performed 。
“不管多么频繁地被演奏，贝多芬的作品仍吸引着全世界的人们。”。句子还原即是No matter how frequently they are performed, … [高考真题]1)过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语、让步状语等。
2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。过去分词作状语有两大特点：
1)表示被动的动作，分词与主语的逻辑关系被动；
2)表示已经完成的动作。Summary1. Asked what had happened, he told us about it.
→When he was asked what had happened, he told us about it.
2. Well-known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.
→Because he was well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.Rewrite the sentences with proper conjunctions.实战演练3. Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.
If we were given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.
4. Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.
Once it was translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.5. Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.
Because she was deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.
6. Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.
Although he was left alone at home，Sam did not feel afraid at all.Rewrite the sentences with past participle.As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
→ _______________________ , I was unsettled for the first few days.Worried about the journey实战演练2. If he is given time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
→ _________ , he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
3. As I was confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.
→ ______________________________, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.Given timeConfused by the new surroundings4. When he was questioned by the police about the fire, he became tense.
→ ________________________________, he became tense. Questioned by the police about the fire1. Following the old man, we went upstairs.
(跟着那个老人, 我们上了楼)
2. Followed by the old man, we went upstairs.
(被那个老人跟着, 我们上了楼)比较下面的每组两句话。3. 从上面看, 体育场好像一个鸟巢。
____ from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest.
A. Seeing B. Seen
4. 从太空看, 宇航员看不到长城。
____ from the space, the astronaut could not discover the Great Wall.
A. Seeing B. SeenBA注 意
作状语的过去分词其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的；过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。这一点是与现在分词作状语的情况是不同的，后者与主语之间是主谓关系。Complete each sentence using the Past Participle of the right verb. 1) _________ by noises in the night, the girl no longer dared to sleep in her room.
2) The lady returned home, ________ by two policemen.frighten trap follow shootFrightenedfollowed3) If _______ in a burning building, you should send for help.
4) Although ____in the leg, he continued firing at the thief.trapped shotPast participle
Used as the Attribute 过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的被动关系,且表示该动作已经完成。单个的过去分词作定语,通常置于被修饰的词的前面；分词短语作定语时,须置于被修饰词的后面。1. Last Sunday we went on an organized trip to the forest. 上周日我们进行了一次有组织的去森林的旅行。
2. A letter posted today will reach him the day after tomorrow. 今天寄出的信后天他就能收到。 被动意义an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人 (受伤的工人)are now being taken good care of in the hospital.B. 完成意义a retired teacher 一位退休教师They are cleaning (落叶) in the yard.The injured workersthe fallen leaves过去分词作定语前置和后置
两种情况 单个的过去分词作定语, 通常放在被修饰的名词之前, 表示被动和完成意义。1.前置定语 过去分词短语作定语时, 通常放在被修饰的名词之后, 它的作用相当于一个定语从句。This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.
=Who were the so-called guests invited
(= ) to your party last night?that has ever been writtenwho had been invited2. 后置定语 如果被修饰的词是由every / some /any /no + thing / body /one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如：
Is there anything unsolved?
There is noting changed here since I left this town. 注意: 现在分词作定语，它与被修饰的名词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，而且该动词的动作正在进行。
过去分词做定语时，它与被修饰的名词存在着逻辑上有动宾关系，而且该动词的动作已经发生了。现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别He worked as a worker building roads. (主动)
= He worked as a worker who / that built roads.
This is a picture painted by my father. (被动)
= This is a picture which was painted by my father.I know the young man sleeping on the bench. (在进行)
= I know the young man who is sleeping on the bench.
The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow. (已完成)
= The letter which was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。
Some of them, born and brought up in country villages, had never seen a train.分词作定语可以转换成定语从句:
We live in a house facing (which faces) the south.
This is the factory (which was) built in 1980. ①(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My ambassadorial duties will include ___________ (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
②(2016·四川高考)For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something ______ (eat)!
③(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people ______ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
④(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Yangshuo is really beautiful. A study of travelers _________ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
高考链接The Olympic Games, _________ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912.
first played简析: 首先,根据语法分析可知,待选部分是一个作定语、修饰 The Olympic Games的后置分词短语;再根据 The Olympic Games 对于动词 play 来说只能是被动承受, 且已完成 (in 776 B. C.)。实战演练2. What’s the language _________ in Germany?
简析: 测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句 which is spoken。spoken3. Most of the artists _______ to the party were from South Africa.
简析: 测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动, 等于定语从句who were invited。invited5. The first textbooks _______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
简析: 测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句which were written。written1. I like reading the novels _________ (write) by Zhang Ailing.
2. The girl _________ (write) a letter in the study is my cousin.
3.There is something wrong with my car and I have to get it _______ (repair).
4. I want the doors of my new house _________ (paint) white.writtenwritingrepairedFill in the blanks.painted巩固练习5. There was a ________ (surprise) look on his face.
6. He was ______ (excite) at the good news.
7. The story was so ______ (move) that he was ______ (move) to tears.
8. _____ (use) in this way, the word shouldn’t be taken as a verb.
9. _____ (arm) with special guns, knives and brushes, two astronauts began fixing the spacecraft.
surprisedexcitedmovingmovedUsedArmed10. Though _____ (catch) in a traffic jam, we managed to arrive at the airport.
11. Susan is not easy to get along with. But once ______ (gain), her friendship will last forever.
12. Henry didn’t attend the party _____ (hold) at Tom’s house last night, for he was busy preparing for his exam. gainedheldcaughtWriting如何写想象类作文 本单元写作要求用英语写想象类的说明文或记叙文。想象类作文允许自由想象、自主发挥的空间较大，因此需要灵活的思维能力和丰富的想象能力。 写好此类作文要注意：
1. 明确中心、展开想象。要在中心的基础上列好提纲、写出主题句，然后据此展开想象。
2. 想象要源于生活，表象生活。想象不是胡编乱造，要源于生活实际。要观察生活，要做到符合逻辑，顺利成章。
3. 语言要规范，表达地道。选用自己熟悉的词汇和句型来组织语言进行表达。
写作指导想象类作文的写作步骤：
呈现话题。
详细介绍。
总结。
What will the future life be like?
With the development of science and technology, robots will surely come into our daily life.
I often dream bout living in the undersea.
Thanks to the internet, children will study at home instead of going to school .
I’m sure the dream will come true.
What exercise me most is that perhaps each family will have a robot in the future.
How I wish I could have such a robot in the future so that I can …!
With such a robot, my future life will be more colorful.
I believe my robot will be popular and do many things for me. 常用句型 请根据下面的提示，以“Life in the future”为题，写一篇120词左右的短文，展现以下未来的生活。
度假地点。
居住地点。
教育医疗。
家务劳动。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 实战演练 【写作指导】 一、要点搜索 1. 太空度假，月球生活。 2. 科学家在海地生活。 3. 足不出户接受远程医疗。 4. 在家学习不必去学校。 5. 机器人做家务活。 二、补充细节，运用适当连接性词语。 三、确定本文人称应为第一人称为主；确定时态为将来时。 Life in the future
Sometimes I dream about life in the future. What will it be?
People can travel the outer space freely. Space shuttle can bring people to planets far from the earth. Perhaps some people will go to the moon for a holiday or even live on the moon, or some scientists will build cities under the sea to make people live there. We can have a medical examination without leaving our homes and children will study at home instead of going to school, which makes the life more convenient. In the future, all electric equipment at home is under the control of computers. Every day we can tell the robot what to do-shopping, housework and so on.
I believe the dream will come true some day.
?
参考范文Retell the text according to the following clues and then write down your retelling.Homework
