课件23张PPT。Unit 1 Section Ⅰ 课件?Step One：Words and Phrases
Ⅰ.词汇知识
1．_______________ (n.) 特性，特征
2．___________ (vt. & vi.) 结束，推断出
3．___________ (vt.) 分析
4．________ (vt.) 打败；战胜；使受挫 (n.)失败
5．_________ (adj.) 熟练的，经验或知识丰富的 (n.)专家，行家characteristicconcludeanalysedefeatexpert6．________ (vt.) 照顾，护理；出席，参加
7．___________ (n.) 医生，内科医师
8．___________ (vt.) 暴露，揭露；使曝光
9．_______ (n.) 治愈，痊愈 (vt.)治愈，治疗
10．___________ (n.) 挑战 (vt.)向……挑战
11．__________ (vt.) 吸收； 吸引；使专心
12．___________ (vt.) 怀疑，认为 (n.)被怀疑者，嫌疑犯
attendphysicianexposecurechallengeabsorbsuspect13．_______ (adj.) 严重的，剧烈的，严厉的
14．___________ (vt.) 预见，预知
15．________ (vt.) 责备，谴责 (n.)过失,责备
16．handle (n.) ___________ (vt.)处理，操纵
17．link (vt. & n．) ___________
18．announce(vt.) ___________
19．instruct (vt.) _________________
20．pollute (vt.) ___________severeforeseeblame柄，把手连接，联系宣布，通告命令，指示，教导污染，弄脏Ⅱ.重点短语
1．___________ 提出
2．___________________得出结论
3．____________使显露：暴露
4．___________将……和……联系或连接起来
5．challenge sb. to do sth. _______________
6．be absorbed into... ______________put forwarddraw a conclusion expose...to... link...to... 挑战某人干某事沉浸于……7．be to blame ___________
8．suspect sb. of sth. ________________
9．be expert in... ___________________
10．attend school ___________应受责备怀疑某人做某事在某方面很专业上学?Step Two：Fast Reading
Scan the text and choose the best answer according to the text.( )
1．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．John Snow was a famous doctor in London.
B．The reason that caused the deadly disease cholera.
C．John Snow solved the problem of cholera.
D．Cholera is still a seriously deadly disease.C2．What was the original source of disease of “King Cholera”？( )
A．A cloud of dangerous gas.
B．The spreading of virus among people.
C．Water in a certain pump in London.
D．A river polluted by the dirty water.D3．Why did No.21 Broad Street in London have no death? ( )
A．The people just drank the water from the pump.
B．They drank beer as well as water from the pump.
C．They didn’t absorb the dangerous air.
D．They suffered no germs at all.D4．Which of the two theories that John Snow was interested in was true finally? ( )
A．Both. B．The first one.
C．The second one. D．Neither.D5．What do you think the Londoners would do with the unused pumps after defeating “King Cholera”？( )
A．They would destroy them.
B．They would reuse them after cleaning.
C．They would desert them for good.
D．They would go on to use them without cleaning.B?Step Three：Careful Reading
Ⅰ. Read the reading material quickly and then answer the following questions.
1．Why couldn’t the cholera be under control at first?
答案：________________________________
__________________________ Neither its cause，nor its cure was understood.2．Which theory did John Snow believe in?
答案：__________________________________ _______________________
3．John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by ________.
答案：(1)________________________________ _______________
People absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals. gathering information with the help of amap(2) ____________________________________ ____________________________________
(3)_________________________________________________________________________
Looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge Street Separatingthose who suffered cholerafrom those who didn’t4．To prevent the cholera from spreading again，what did John Snow do?
答案：(1)______________________________ _______________________________
(2)__________________________________________________________________________
(3)__________________________________________________________________________
He suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined. He suggested that new methods of dealing with polluted water be found. He instructed the water companies not to expose people to the polluted water any more.Ⅱ. Let the students listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.Londonpersonal physicianmealsthe polluted watergermsmany thousands of two the water pump?Step Four：Consolidation
John Snow—a doctor，1. _________Queen Victoria as her personal 2. _________.But he was willing to help ordinary people 3. ___________cholera. Many people died 4. _________there was an 5. _________ .He wanted to face the 6. _________ and solve the problem. Two theories caught his attention. The first suggested that choleraattended physicianexposed to every time outbreakchallengemultiplied in the air. The second suggested that people 7. _____________ this disease into their bodies and the disease 8. _________the body. John Snow 9. __________ the second was right but he needed evidence. When another outbreak hit London in 1854，he was ready to begin his 10. _________and tried to get information. He found that most of the
absorbedattackedsuspectedenquirydeaths were near a water pump and the spread of the disease was 11. _________ water. With the evidence，he was able to 12. _________ that polluted water carried the virus. After that, he suggested the source of all the water supplies 13. ___________.Finally “King Cholera” was 14. _________.linked to announce be examined defeated?Step Five：Discussion
Cholera was a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today？Why？What should we do?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
答案：AIDS and H1N1 are similar to cholera today.Because they are serious，have an unknown cause and need public health care to solve them.We should wash hands with soap and clean water.We should form the good habit of going to bed early and getting up early.We should do more physical exercise.We’d better avoid going to crowded places，for example，Net bars and so on.
?Thank you课件101张PPT。Unit 1 Section Ⅱ 课件1characteristic n．特性；特征；特色
(教材原句)Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children?
谁利用豌豆来显示物理特性是如何从父母遗传给他们的孩子的？
归纳拓展
adj.有特点的；有某种特色的
be characteristic of ＝ be typical of是……的典型特征
①First of all，I’ll outline the characteristics of our product.
首先，我将简要说明我们商品的特性。
②Good planning is one of the characteristics of a successful business.
周详的规划是成功企业的特征之一。
③Keeping others waiting is characteristic of her.不守时是她的典型特征。
④Hospitality is characteristic of Chinese people.热情好客是中华民族的特征。
【联想】
character n．性格，特征；人物；角色；字体
2put forward 提出；使加快，促进；把(钟或表的针)向前拨，拨快
(教材原句) Who put forward a theory about black holes?
谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？归纳拓展①Not long ago，he put forward a workable plan.
不久前他提出了一个切实可行的计划。巧学活用
1－1补全句子
(1)少讲多做是大智者的特征。
To say little and perform much____________________great minds.
(2)哭泣不是男子汉的特征。
Crying is not ____________________ man.
is characteristic ofthe characteristic of(3)注重特色，发展个性。
Focus on ________________ of personality development.
the characteristics1－2单项填空
It is ________ of him to go to work before breakfast.
A．possible B．characteristic
C．classical D．special
解析：选B。句意：不吃早饭就去工作是他的特点。characteristic是形容词，意为“典型的，有特点的”；be characteristic of表示“是……的典型特征”之意。
名师微博 characteristic多用复数形式表示“特性，特征，特色”，而character用作名词时，是“性格，特征；人物；角色；字体”。
2－1用与put有关的短语补全句子
(1)He ________________ a very good suggestion at the meeting.
(2)I don’t know how to ________ the idea________ to you.
(3)I can’t ________________ noise when I am working.
(4)Never________________until tomorrow what you can do today.
put forwardputacrossput up withput off ②The hi-tech has put forward our production this year.
高科技促进了我们今年生产的发展。
③My watch was slow，so I put it forward three minutes.
我的手表慢了，所以我把它向前拨了三分钟。
④The sports meeting will be put off due to the bad weather.
由于糟糕的天气，运动会将被延期。
⑤Having taken off the old dress，she put on a new one.
脱下旧连衣裙之后，她穿上一件新的。
⑥Far water does not put out near fire.
【谚】远水救不了近火。
3conclusion n．结论；结束
(教材原句)Draw a conclusion 得出结论
归纳拓展
arrive at /come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论
jump to a conclusion贸然断定， 过早下结论
at the conclusion of 当……完结时
in conclusion 最后， 总之
①We arrived at a conclusion after six months of patient research.
耐心研究了六个月后，我们终于得出了结论。
②Don’t jump to the conclusion before you make a careful investigation.
在仔细研究前不要盲目下结论。③At the conclusion of the film，this couple are married at last.
在电影的结尾，这对情侣终成眷属。
④In conclusion，I’d like to thank you for all you’ve done for me.
最后，我要感谢你们为我所做的一切。【联想】
conclude vt./vi.结束；推断出
conclude (...) with sth./by doing sth....以……结束
conclude from...从……推断出
⑤He concluded his speech with a song.他以一首歌结束了他的演讲。
⑥From what you’ve said I can conclude that you like the job very much.
从你所说的我可以推断出你非常喜欢这份工作。
4defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n．失败
(教材原句)John Snow defeats “King Cholera”
约翰·斯诺打败“霍乱王”
归纳拓展
defeat...in/at...在……方面打败……①Our school defeated that school at/in football.
我校在足球比赛中打败了那个学校。
②Palin first announced that she is considering the nomination of the Republican presidential candidate to challenge President Barack Obama in the 2012 presidential election.She expressed confidence that she can defeat Obama.佩林首次宣布，她正考虑获得共和党总统候选人的提名，在2012年总统大选中挑战现任总统奥巴马。她本人对此信心十足，认为她能打败奥巴马。
③It is better to be wise by the defeat of others than by your own.
从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训更好。
[易混辨析] defeat/beat/win2－2单项填空
In the past few years the workers ________ a lot of suggestions but none of them was adopted.
A．put forward B．have put forward
C．put out D．have put off
解析：选B。句意：这几年来，工人们提出了大量的建议，但是一条也没有被采纳。put forward是“提出”之意，符合语境；由句中的时间状语in the past few years可知，此处用现在完成时；put out意为“生产，扑灭”，put off意为“推迟”。
3－1补全句子
(1)他们从这些事实中得出相同的结论。
They ______________________ the facts.
(2)总之，你要看到这件事积极的一面。
________________，you’d better look at the bright side of the matter.
drew a conclusion fromIn conclusion 3－2单项填空
The evening party ________ cheers but everyone was still immersed in the happy atmosphere of it.
A．was concluded with
B．was started with
C．concluded by
D．started from
解析：选A。句意：晚会在一片欢呼声中结束，但是每一个人都仍然沉浸在晚会的快乐气氛中。根据语境可知，此处表示“晚会结束”，故用conclude...with...表示“以……结束”之意。
4－1补全句子
(1)他们在那次战斗中打败了敌人。
They ________________________the battle.
(2)今年我们失败过两次,但是我们不会放弃。
We ________________ this year but we won’t give it up.
defeated the enemy in/athad two defeats5attend vt. & vi.照顾；护理；出席；参加
(教材原句)John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. 约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女皇的私人医生。
归纳拓展归纳拓展
①European leaders and environmentalists hailed as good news President Obama’s decision to attend at least part of next month’s climate summit in Copenhagen.
欧洲国家领导人和环保人士誉为好消息，奥巴马总统决定至少参加下个月在哥本哈根举行的气候峰会的部分会议。
②He was so ill that his wife attended on him all the time.
他病得那样重，他的妻子一直照顾他。
③Mother attended to the baby while I went to the dance.
我去跳舞时妈妈照管了婴儿。
【联想】
attention n．注意；关心
6expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光
(教材原句) But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
但是当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。
?
归纳拓展
归纳拓展
①This medicine is not to be exposed to daylight.这种药怕见光。
②This plant can’t be exposed to strong sunshine.
这种植物不能暴露在强光下。
③The drug has lost its potency by being exposed to moisture.
这药因受潮失去了效力。
4－2单项填空
Jim ________ Tom by about a meter and ________ the race at last.
A．defeated；defeated B．won；defeated
C．won；won D．defeated；won
解析：选D。句意：吉姆以大约一米的优势击败汤姆，最后赢得了比赛。defeat是“打败”，其宾语多为人或队伍；win的宾语多为某项比赛或奖项。5－1同义句改写
They wish they had been present at that meeting.
→They wish they ____________________________.
had attended the meeting5－2单项填空
The patient has been ________ by nurses night and day since the operation.
A．attended to B．tended to
C．attended on D．tended on
解析：选C。句意：自从动了手术以来，病人一直由护士日夜护理。attend on意为“照料；护理”之意，符合语境；attend to意为“注意；关心”；tend to后面多接动词原形，表示“易于干某事”。
6－1补全句子
这颜色曝光后会褪色。
The color fades when it ___________________________.
is exposed to light6－2单项填空
Once ________ light，the film will be damaged and turn useless.
A．exposed to B．exposed in
C．exposing in D．expose under
解析：选A。句意：一旦曝光，胶卷就要被损坏而不能用了。expose...to...意为“把……暴露在……中”之意，同时，此处考查once引导的状语从句的省略，若补全为Once it is exposed to...是过去分词短语。
7cure n．治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治疗
(教材原句)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
人们既不理解霍乱的起因也不懂得霍乱的治愈方法。
a cure for...治愈……的方法
cure sb.of sth.治愈某人某物
③The doctor cured him of his stomachache.医生治好了他的胃痛病。
④The doctors are treating him for his strange illness and they hope to cure him of it.医生们正在为他治疗这一怪病，并希望能够给他治好。
8challenge n．挑战 vt.向……挑战
(教材原句) John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. 约翰·斯诺想面对挑战并且解决问题。
meet/face the challenge迎接挑战
challenge sb.to do 向某人挑战干某事
challenge sb. to sth.向某人挑战某物
归纳拓展
①Schools must meet the challenge of new technology.
学校必须迎接新技术的挑战。
②The opposition leader challenged the prime minister to call an election.
反对党领袖要求首相宣布进行大选。
③Mike challenged me to a game of chess.迈克硬逼我和他下一盘棋。
9suspect vt.怀疑 n．被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
(教材原句)John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. 约翰·斯诺怀疑第二种说法正确但是他需要证据来证明。
suspect sb.of sth./doing sth.疑心某人干某事
suspect sb.to be...怀疑某人是……
suspect that...怀疑……
归纳拓展
①He was suspected of the theft，but evidence proved him innocent.
他涉嫌盗窃，但证据表明他无罪。
②They suspected me of having a hand in the affair.
他们怀疑我插手了这件事。
③The young man is more intelligent than we suspected him to be.
这个年轻人比我们猜想的更聪明。
④The official suspected that his phone was being tapped.
这位官员怀疑有人正在窃听他的电话。
[易混辨析] doubt/suspect
7－1补全句子
(1)想找到治疗癌症的方法是很难的。
It is difficult to find _____________ cancer.
(2)这种药治好了我的感冒。
This medicine ____________________ my cold.
a cure forcured me of7－2单项填空
The fresh air on the farm ________ him ________his headache.
A．cured；for
B．rid；of
C．treated；for
D．cured；of
解析：选D。句意：农场的新鲜空气治好了他的头痛病。cure...of...是“治愈某人某物”之意，符合语境；rid...of...意为“使……除去……；使……摆脱……”；treat...for...意为“治疗某人某物”。
8－1翻译句子
他向我挑战再打一场网球。
__________________________________________
8－2单项填空
AIDS control and prevention is a ________to China as well as the whole world.
A．surprise B．challenge
C．reaction D．threat
He challenged me to play another tennis game.解析：选B。句意：艾滋病的控制和预防对于中国以及全世界都是一个挑战。由常理可知，艾滋病的控制和预防是“难题”， challenge表示“挑战，困难的事情”之意；而surprise意为“惊讶”；reaction意为“反应；反响”；threat意为“威胁”；均为干扰项。
9－1补全句子
(1)我料想他是一个说谎者。
I ____________________ a liar.
(2)这个老太太怀疑她的儿子卖了她的车。
The old woman_________________________ her car.
suspected him to besuspected her son of selling 9－2单项填空
He was ________ holding out information important to the case.
A．convinced of
B．suspected of
C．charged for
D．blamed of
解析：选B。句意：人们怀疑他隐瞒了有关这件案子的重要情况。suspect...of...是“怀疑某人做某事”之意；符合语境；而be convinced of...意为“确信……”；charge多用于charge sb. with...的结构中表示“指控某人某物”，相当于blame sb. for...。
10blame vt.责备；谴责 n．过失；责备
(教材原句)It seemed that the water was to blame. 看来水是罪魁祸首。
be to blame for...应该为……负责任；应该因为……受到指责
blame sb.for sth.因为……而责备某人
blame sth.on sb.把……归咎到某人身上
take the blame 承担责任
lay the blame on sb.责备某人
归纳拓展
①The severe storm was to blame for the power failure.
停电的起因是这场特大暴风雪。
②She blamed him for the failure of their marriage.
她把婚姻的失败归咎于他。
③When she blamed failure on me，I could not bear it any more.
当她把失败完全归咎于我的时候我再也忍无可忍了。
④I couldn’t think of letting you take the blame.
我没想到过让你承担责任。
⑤The players lay the blame on their coach.
队员们都埋怨他们的教练。
11link vt.& n．连接；联系
(教材原句) In another part of London，he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. 在伦敦的另一个地区，他从另外两例与布洛德街疾病爆发有关的死亡病例中得到了有力的证据。
归纳拓展
①Loneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems.
孤独症与抑郁和其它健康问题有关联。
②“I don’t think their problems are linked with that，” he said.
“我觉得他们的问题和那无关。”他说。
③They have planned to link up the two areas by telephone.
他们计划用电话把两个地区连接起来。
④This study showed a link between diet and health.
这项研究证明了饮食与健康之间的联系。
[易混辨析] link/join/combine/connect
10－1同义句改写
(1)His father blamed him for breaking the window.
→His father ________ the broken window________ him.
(2)They blamed the accident on him.
→They ________________ the accident.
blamedonblamed him for 10－2补全句子
(1)我们不应该把失败归咎于他。
We shouldn’t ______________ for our failure ________ him.
(2)这次车祸是哪个司机的责任？
Which driver ____________________ this traffic accident?
lay the blameonwas to blame for 11－1补全句子
他们打算修一条公路将两个城镇连接起来。
They planned to build a highway to ____________________.link the two towns11－2单项填空
I don’t appreciate such a person like him，and I don’t want my name ________ him.
A．linked with
B．combined with
C．joined in
D．touched with
12announce vt.宣布，通告
(教材原句)With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. 有了这个特别的证据，约翰·斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。
①The famous American singer Whitney Houston died on February 11th,2012.On Monday night，some dedicated fans gathered outside a Newark，New Jersey funeral home.But once the funeral plans were announced，they seemed unhappy.
美国著名歌手惠特妮·休斯顿在2012年2月11日去世了。在星期一晚上，一些忠实歌迷聚集在新泽西州，纽瓦克市殡仪馆。但一旦葬礼计划公布，他们似乎不高兴。
②It was announced that there would be a new film tomorrow.
有人通知明天放映新影片。
③The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain.政府宣布他们将修建一条通向山区的新公路。
[易混辨析] announce/declare
【联想】
announcement n．宣布；宣言
解析：选A。句意：我不欣赏他那样的人，我也不要把我的名字和他联系在一起。link...with...是“把……和……联系起来”之意，符合语境。
12－1翻译句子
宣布消息时你在场吗？
________________________________________________________________________
Were you present when the news was announced?12－2单项填空
Everyone held his breath when our teacher ________ the winner of the competition.
A．stated
B．commented
C．announced
D．declared
解析：选C。句意：当老师宣布比赛的获胜者时，人人都屏住了呼吸。announce“宣布或告知某一消息”之意，符合语境；而comment“评论”；state“声明”；declare“宣称”，多用于正式场合或官方的“公告”。
1(教材原句)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
人们既不知道它的原因也不知道它的治愈方法。
[句法分析] neither...nor...连接并列成分，表示“既不……，也不……”。
①Neither he nor you are fit for the job.你和他都不适合这份工作。②He neither drinks，nor smokes.他既不喝酒也不抽烟。
③Neither do I know about it，nor do I care about it.
关于此事，我既不知道，也不关心。
【点津提示】 (1)neither...nor...连接并列成分作主语时,谓语动词遵循就近一致的原则。
④Neither you nor he has the right to say that.你和他都没有权利说那些话。
(2)neither...nor...句式中，neither或nor位于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序。
⑤Neither did Mr.Wang forget the appointment nor was he sick.
王先生既非忘了约会，也非生病。
【联想】
连接并列成分作主语，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则的句式有：
either...or...或者……或者……
not only...but also...不但……而且……
not...but...不是……而是……
2(教材原句)So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbreak. 每次疾病爆发，都有数以万计的人死掉。
[句法分析] 名词短语 every time用作连词，引导时间状语从句,表示“每一次干某事时”。
归纳拓展
可以引导时间状语从句的名词短语或副词有：
each time 每一次干某事时
next time下一次干某事时
the last time上次干某事时
the first time第一次干某事时
the moment/ the minute/ the second/ immediately/instantly一……就……①Every time she expresses an opinion，you argue back!
每次她提出想法，你总是反对！
②Each time he comes to see me，he brings a new book.
每次他来看我，总要带一本新书来。③The camera just came apart the first time I used it.
这台照相机我第一次使用时就散了架。
④I will tell him the news the moment/immediately I meet him.
我一见到他就会告诉他这个消息。3(教材原句)A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 一位从布洛德街搬走的女士如此喜欢水泵里的水以至于她让人每天把水泵里的水送到她家。
[句法分析] 句中含有have sth.done的句式,表示“让某事被别人做；请某人做某事”之意。
have sb.do 让某人干某事
have sb.doing 让某人一直做某事；容许某人做某事归纳拓展
①How long will it take to have this radio fixed?
修理这个收音机需要多长时间？
②Shall I have him return your call？我让他给您回电话好吗？
③I won’t have her complaining all the time.
我再也受不了她老是抱怨了。解析：选A。句意：你和他都不去参加这个会
吗？neither...nor...是“既不……也不……”，连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致的原则；be to do表示“打算干某事”。故选择A项。
2－1翻译句子
(1)He left me a good impression the first time I met him.
________________________________________________
(2) 他一收到我的来信就给我回信了。
________________________________________________________________________________________________(1)我第一次见他时，他给我留下了好印象。(2) He wrote back immediately he received my letter.2－2单项填空
________ he was late，he could always come up with excuses to escape punishment.
A．At every time
B．For every time
C．Every time
D．In each time
解析：选C。句意：每次迟到，他总能想出借口来逃避惩罚。every time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“每一次干某事时”之意。
3－1同义句改写
Who will you have fix the computer?
→Who will you__________________________ by?
have the computer fixed3－2单项填空
She would rather have her room ________ milk-white than sky-blue.
A．to paint B．to be painted
C．paint D．painted
解析：选D。句意：她宁愿把房间漆成乳白色，也不愿漆成天蓝色。have sth.done是“使某事被做”之意，符合语境。
Thank you课件71张PPT。Unit 1 Section Ⅲ 课件?Step One：Words and Phrases
Ⅰ.词汇知识
1．__________ (adj.) 积极的；肯定的；确实的
2． __________ (n.) 移动；运动；动作
3． __________ (adj. & adv.) 向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)positivemovementbackward4． ______ (vt. & vi.) (使)旋转；纺(线或纱)
5． __________ (adj.) 热情的；热心的
6．reject (vt.) _____________________
7．universe (n.) _____________
8．creative (adj.) _______________________ ____________________________spinenthusiastic拒绝；不接受；抛弃宇宙；世界 有创造力的；创造性的；独创的Ⅱ.重点短语
1． ______________ 对……严格
2． ______________ 对……有信心
3． ______________ 对……积极
4． ______________ 擅长……
5． ______________ 有意义，讲得通be strict with be confident in be positive in be good at make sense 6． ______________________对……谨慎
7．prepare for ______________
8．punish sb.for sth. ____________________
9．encourage sb.to do _________________
10．lead to ________be cautious of / about 为……作准备因为某事而惩罚某人鼓励某人干某事导致?Step Two：Fast Reading
Scan the text and then find out the main idea of each paragraph.
A．New observations didn’t agree with the old theory about the earth.
B．Copernicus’ theory is the basis of modern science about the universe.
C．Copernicus was puzzled as he found the earth was not the centre of the solar system.D．Copernicus’ new theory that the sun was the centre could explain all the phenomena.
E．Copernicus improved his theory by collecting observations and using his mathematical knowledge.Paragraph 1：_____
Paragraph 2： _____
Paragraph 3： _____
Paragraph 4： _____
Paragraph 5： _____CAEBD?Step Three：Careful Reading
Read the text and answer these questions.
1．What made Copernicus confused?
答案：__________________________________ ________________________________________ His discover that the earth was not the centre of the solar system.2．Why could Copernicus not tell anyone about his theory?
答案：________________________________ ______________________________________
3．How did Copernicus prove his theory?
答案：________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Because the Christian Church would punish him. He had collected observations of the stars and used all his mathematical knowledge to explain them.4．What did Copernicus do in 1514?
答案：_________________________________ _____________
5．When did Copernicus publish his theory?
答案：________________________________ ___________________________________ He showed his theory privately to his friends. He published it in 1543，when he was dying.1contribute vt. & vi.捐献；贡献；捐助
归纳拓展
①Delegates from both developing and developed nations have urged the United States to show sincerity and contribute more to the progress of climate negotiations at the U．N’s climate change conference here Wednesday.
在星期三举行的联合国气候变化大会上，来自发展中国家和发达国家的代表已敦促美国拿出诚意，推进气候变化谈判的进程。②She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.她给这家杂志撰写了一些稿件。
③Lack of confidence contributed to his failure.缺乏信心导致了他的失败。④Many people contributed money to the poor boy，which contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about this and contributed it to a newspaper.好多人给那个可怜的孩子捐钱，使他可以重返校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的故事并把它投到了报社。
【联想】
contribution n．贡献；捐献
2apart from... 除……之外；此外
(教材原句)Apart from the construction mentioned above，you have also learned the following phrases. 除了上面提到的结构外,你还学过下面的短语。
①Apart from a few words，I do not know any French at all.
除了会说这几个单词外,我根本就不懂法语。②Apart from his intelligence，he was tirelessly industrious.
除了很聪颖之外，他还是一个孜孜不倦的勤奋的人。
③Apart from grammar，this article is all right.
除语法外，这篇文章还是不错的。[易混辨析] apart from/besides/except/except for巧学活用
1－1补全句子
他向灾区捐助了100万美元。
He ____________ one million dollars ________ the flooded area.
contributedto1－2单项填空
The scientist’s research has ________ much ________ the development of the project.
A．contributed；for
B．devoted；to
C．contributed；to
D．donated；to
解析：选C。句意：这个科学家的研究有助于这一项目的发展。contribute to...是“有助于；促成”之意，相当于make for；而devote...to...相当于donate...to...是“把……奉献给……；把……贡献给……”之意。
2－1同义句改写
He also presented me with two notebooks as well as the pen.
→____________________，he also presented me with two notebooks.
Apart from the pen2－2单项填空
In general，he is a kind and easy-going person ________ his carelessness.
A．besides B．except
C．apart from D．far from
解析：选C。句意：大体而言，除了粗心外，他是一个和蔼可亲容易相处的人。apart from“除了……外”之意，相当于except for；而besides “还有”；except“除去……外”；far from“远非，绝不是”。
【联想】
aside from...除了……之外3 be strict with sb. 对……严格
be strict in/about sth.对某事物要求严格
归纳拓展
①Considering that he is just a child，she was not very strict with him.
考虑到他只是个孩子，她没有太严格要求他。
②The teacher is strict in his students’ homework.
老师对学生的家庭作业要求合格。
③John is a doctor and he is strict about his work.
约翰是医生，他对工作一丝不苟。
4make sense 讲得通；有意义
(教材原句) Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能够说得清楚。
make sense of 弄懂……的意义；
搞清楚……的意思
in a/some sense 从某种意义上
归纳拓展
①This sentence just doesn’t make sense，no matter how you read it.
无论你怎样读这个句子，它还是讲不通。
②With the help of my English teacher，I made sense of the passage.
在英语老师的帮助下，我理解了这段文章。
③In a sense，what he said is not in agreement with what he did.
从某种意义上说，他言行不一致。
5enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
(教材原句)His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas，but Copernicus was cautious.
他的朋友们都很感兴趣并鼓励他发表他的理论，但是哥白尼很小心。
be enthusiastic about 对……热心；热衷于……
归纳拓展
①She is very enthusiastic about school activities.
她对学校的活动非常热心。
②My little brother is very enthusiastic about going to kindergarten.
我小弟弟非常热衷于上幼稚园。
③The music was performed by the girl before an enthusiastic audience.
这个女孩在热情的听众之前演奏音乐。
【联想】
enthusiasm n．热情；热心
6cautious adj.谨慎的；小心的
(教材原句)His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas，but Copernicus was cautious.
他的朋友们都很感兴趣并鼓励他发表他的理论，但是哥白尼很小心。
be cautious about/of...小心……；
对……谨慎
be cautious to do 做某事
归纳拓展
3－1补全句子
我是由外婆抚养大的，外婆对我的教育很严格。
I was brought up by my grandma and she ________________________.
was very strict with me3－2单项填空
He was very ________ with us during the training and very kind to us afterwards.
A．seriously B．strict
C．tough D．concerned
解析：选B。句意：在训练时，他对我们非常严格，但是训练过后，他会对我们非常和蔼。与后面的kind相呼应，故此处用strict表示“严格的”；be strict with sb.是“对某人严格要求”之意，符合语境；而seriously是副词，意为“严肃地，认真地”；tough“艰难的，坚硬的”；concerned“担忧的”。
4－1同义句改写
I can’t understand the meaning of the sentence even if the teacher has explained it to me once again.
→I can’t ________________ the sentence even if the teacher has explained it to me once again.
make sense of 4－2单项填空
With time going by，you will ________ the meaning of the saying.
A．make sense B．make up
C．make sense of D．know about
解析：选C。句意：随着时间的推移，你会理解这句谚语的意义的。make sense of是“理解……”之意，符合语境；而make sense“……讲得通；有意义”；make up“组成；构成”；know about“了解”。
5－1翻译句子
他热衷于体育运动。
______________________________________
5－2单项填空
Once he was a/an ________ football player，but recently he seems to have become uninterested.
He is enthusiastic about sports.A．curious B．indifferent
C．warm-hearted D．Enthusiastic
解析：选D。句意：过去他对足球很热心，可是近来他好象变得没有兴趣了。enthusiastic是“热情的，热心的”，与后面的uninterested“不感兴趣的”形成反义复现；curious“好奇的”；indifferent“漠不关心的；冷淡的”；warm-hearted“热心肠的”。
6－1补全句子
他十分谨慎，从不轻易给别人提建议。
He is very ____________________ offering advice.
①My friends around me were always very cautious of being cheated.
我周围的朋友总是非常小心受骗。
cautious about/of②The boss is cautious about making promise.老板从不轻易作出承诺。
③She is cautious not to walk alone at night.她很小心晚上不独行。
【联想】
cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地
caution n．小心；谨慎
with caution 小心地；谨慎地7reject vt.拒绝；不接受；摒弃
(教材原句)The Christian Church rejected his theory，saying it was against God’s idea and people who supported it would be attacked. 基督教会拒绝接受他的理论，声称它违背上帝的旨意，那些支持它的人要受到攻击。
①Badminton has become the latest sport to reject a possible money-saving switch to Wembley Arena at the 2012 London Olympics.
羽毛球在2012年伦敦奥运会上已成为拒绝一个对温布利体育场可能省钱计划的最新运动。
②He rejected my offer of help.他拒绝了我的援助提议。
③The proposal was rejected by the committee.提案遭到委员会否决。
[易混辨析] reject/refuse
【联想】
rejection n．拒绝
6－2单项填空
She is intensely ________not to make mistakes in spelling.
A．cautious B．careless
C．anxious D．upset
解析：选A。句意：她非常小心，免得出现拼写错误。 cautious是“谨慎的”，符合语境；而careless“粗心的”；anxious“焦急的”；upset“心烦意乱的”。
7－1同义句改写
He was turned down by the club because of his overage.
→He ________________ by the club because of his overage.
was rejected7－2单项填空
Sometimes even if you are totally qualified for the job you may still be________.
A．approved B．appreciated
C．rejected D．allowed
解析：选C。句意：有时候，即使你完全有资格胜任这份工作，你仍然有可能遭到拒绝。reject是“拒绝”之意，与题干中的even if...相呼应；而approve“同意，批准”；appreciate“欣赏”；allow“允许”。
1(教材原句)Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能够讲得通。
[句法分析] only 修饰状语并且位于句首时,主句用部分倒装语序。即把主句中的助动词、情态动词或系动词be置于主语前。①Only in this way can we solve this problem.
只有用这种办法，你才能解决这个问题。
②Only when he read the newspaper did he know the story.
他看了报纸后才知道那则报道。
③Only if you study hard can you get good results.
只有你肯努力，才能得到好的学习成绩。
【点津提示】 only修饰主语位于句首时，用正常语序。
④Only she can persuade him to give up smoking.
只有她才能够劝说他戒掉烟。[易混辨析] only if/if only巧学活用
1－1补全句子
(1)只有尽了最大的努力，你将来才不会后悔。
Only if you try your best __________________in the futue.will you not regret1－2单项填空
________we continue to work hard，can we fulfill the task ahead.
A．As soon as
B．If only
C．As well as
D．Only if
解析：选D。句意：只要我们继续努力工作，我们就能提前完成任务。only if是“只要……”之意，符合语境；as soon as“一……就……”；as well as“和……；也……”；
if only“要是……就好了”。
?
2(教材原句)He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 他把固定着的太阳放在太阳系的中心位置，行星都绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。
[句法分析] (1)and后面承前省略了with，即with only the moon still going round the earth。
(2)句中的“with ＋the planets ＋going round it”以及“with only the moon still going round the earth”均是“with＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构，在句中作状语。
with复合结构的形式：
with ＋名词/代词＋adj./adv.
with＋名词/代词＋介词短语
with＋名词/代词＋现在分词(表示主动和进行)
with＋名词/代词＋过去分词(表示被动和完成)
with＋名词/代词＋不定式(表示动作未发生)
归纳拓展
①They left the room with the lights still on.
他们离开了房间，灯还亮着。
②With him leading the way，we got to the mountain village ahead of time.
由他带路，我们提前到达那个山村。
③With the work finished，they went out to play.
任务做完了，她们出去玩去了。
④With nothing to do，I went out for a walk.
由于没有什么事情可做，我便到外面去散步。
2－1补全句子
爱丽丝穿着鞋躺在床上。
Alice was lying on the bed ______________________.
with her shoes on2－2单项填空
The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already ________ for a meal to be cooked.
A．laid
B．laying
C．to lay
D．being laid
解析：选A。句意：客厅干净、整洁，一张餐桌已经摆好，就等着煮饭了。table与lay之间是动词和宾语的关系，故用过去分词laid作with的宾语补足语，表示被动和完成的意义。
Thank you课件58张PPT。Unit 1 Section Ⅳ 课件过去分词作定语和表语Ⅰ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1．The ____________ (steal)bike was ____________(find) by the police yesterday.
2．The student ____________(dress) in white is my daughter.
3．The novel ____________(write) by him is very popular with the students.
stolenfounddressedwritten4．The electric wire is __________(break)．
5．He became ____________(discourage) at the failure of the exam.
6．He is an ____________ (honour) teacher and we all like to attend his class.
7．The ______________(pollute) river should be protected from pollution.brokendiscouragedhonouredpolluted8．The building ____________(build) now is our classroom building.
9．When we heard of the news，we were deeply ____________(move)．
10．They were ____________(frighten) to hear the ____________(frighten) sound.being builtmovedfrightenedfrighteningⅡ.单项填空
1．(2011·高考大纲全国卷)The island，________ to the mainland by a bridge，is easy to go to.
A．joining B．to join
C．joined D．having joined
解析：选C。句意：一座桥把这个岛屿与大陆连接起来，这个岛屿很容易过去。the island与join之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词joined形式表示被动和完成的意义。
2．(2011·高考上海卷)The rare fish，________ from the cooking pot，has been returned to the sea.
A．saved B．saving
C．to be saved D．having saved
解析：选A。句意：从烹饪锅中救出的珍稀鱼已经被放回到了海里。fish与save之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词saved作后置定语。
3．(2011·高考福建卷)Tsinghua University，________ in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
A．found B．founding
C．founded D．to be founded
解析：选C。句意：于1911年创立的清华大学培育出了很多杰出而优秀的人物。university与found之间是动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作后置定语，表示被动和完成的意义。
4．(2011·高考湖南卷)The players________from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
A．selecting B．to select
C．selected D．having selected
解析：选C。句意：预计从全国挑选出来的队员在今年夏天的比赛中会给我们带来荣誉。players与select之间是动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作后置定语，表示被动和完成的意义。
5．(2010·高考福建卷)In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained ________abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
A．sticking B．stuck
C．to be stuck D．to have stuck
解析：选B。句意：在四月份，成千上万的度假者因为火山灰云而滞留在国外。remain是系动词表示“维持”之意，故此处用stuck表示“被动和完成”的状态。
6．(2010·高考大纲全国卷Ⅰ)Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________ from the library.
A．to borrow B．to be borrowed
C．borrowed D．borrowing
解析：选C。句意：怀特太太给她的学生看一些从图书馆里借来的旧地图。maps与borrow之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词borrowed的形式，表示被动和完成。
7．(2010·高考北京卷)I’m calling to enquire about the position ________in yesterday’s China Daily.
A．advertised B．to be advertised
C．advertising D．having advertised
解析：选A。句意：我打电话的目的是询问一下刊登在昨日的《中国日报》上的职位的问题。考查了动词的过去分词表示被动和完成意义的用法；position与advertise之间是动宾关系，故用advertised的形式作后置定语。
8．As a journalist you should first decide what events ________ before you make some interviews.
A．reported B．to report
C．to be reported D．reporting
解析：选B。句意：作为记者，在采访之前应首先决定报道什么事。此处应用不定式作后置定语，与其修饰的events存在动词宾语关系。
9．(2010·高考四川卷)A great number of students ________said they were forced to practise the piano.
A．to question B．to be questioned
C．questioned D．questioning
解析：选C。句意：很多受到调查的学生说他们是被迫练习钢琴的。考查了动词的过去分词形式作后置定语的用法，表示被动和完成；students与question之间是动宾关系，故用questioned的形式。
10．(2010·高考湖南卷)So far nobody has claimed the money ________in the library.
A．discovered B．to be discovered
C．discovering D．having discovered
解析：选A。句意：到目前为止，没有人认领在图书馆中发现的那笔钱。考查了动词的过去分词形式作后置定语的用法，表示被动和完成。
11．For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ________ on his own farm.
A．grown B．being grown
C．to be grown D．to grow
解析：选A。句意：对于早餐来说，他只喝种植在自己的农场里的新鲜水果榨来的果汁。考查过去分词短语作后置定语修饰fruit的用法。fruit和grow之间是被动关系，故此处应该用过去分词形式修饰fruit。
12．With the government’s aid，those ________ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
A．affect B．affecting
C．affected D．were affected
解析：选C。句意：在政府的帮助下，那些受到地震灾害影响的人们搬到了新的居住地。those与affect之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词affected作后置定语修饰those。
13．Ladies and gentlemen，please remain ________ until the plane has come to a complete stop.
A．seated B．seating
C．to seat D．seat
解析：选A。句意：女士们先生们，请坐好直到飞机完全停下为止。seat是及物动词，与ladies and gentlemen之间是动宾关系，故用动词的过去分词形式作remain的表语。
14．The book ________ in his letter is mainly about English literature.
A．refer to B．referred to
C．referring to D．which refers to
解析：选B。句意：他的信件中提到的这本书主要是关于英语文学方面。refer to与the book之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，修饰the book，表示“被提到的书”。
15．Shanghai，________ the west coast of the Pacific Ocean，is well known for its “the Oriental Pearl”．
A．locating B．located at
C．located on D．locating on
解析：选C。句意：位于太平洋西海岸的上海，以东方之珠而著称。locate常用作及物动词，与Shanghai之间是动宾关系，故用located作后置定语。
Write a report on your debate (辩论报告的写作)
写作要求
对于学生该不该上早自习，人们存在不同的观点，有人赞成，有人反对，谈谈你对这个问题的看法，词数120左右。标题自拟。审题谋篇
1．拟好题目，可用Should students get up early to study？或Students should get up early to study。2．本文可分为三段来写，第一段点明主题，列举反方的观点及理由，第二段列举正方观点及理由，第三段发表自己的观点。
3．使用一般现在时。
写作要点
1．人们对此有不同的看法。
①People ______________________________this.
② Opinions about this vary ____________________________.
③____________________________ about this.
have different ideas about from person to person There are different ideas2．早起对学生没有好处。
① ____________________ students to get up early.
② ____________________ students to get up early.
③ Getting up early often ____________________students.
It is no good for It is of no benefit for does harm to3．在课堂上他们不能集中精力听老师讲课。
①They can’t _________________________what the teacher is saying in class.
②They can’t _________________________________what the teacher is saying in class.
③They can’t ___________________what the teacher is saying in class.
focus their attention on concentrate their attention onbe absorbed in4．就我个人而言，学生应该早起学习是因为早晨是学习的黄金时间。
①_________________________________，students should get up early to study because morning is the golden time for learning.
②____________________，why students should get up early to study _________morning is the golden time for learning.
As (so) far as I’m concerned In my opinionis that③_____________________，because morning is the golden time ________________，students should get up early to study.
In terms of mefor learning佳作欣赏
Students should get up early to study
①Should students study by themselves in the early morning？People have different ideas about this.
②Some hold the view that it is no good for students to get up so early because they will feel tired for lack of sleep.③If so，they can’t focus their attention on what the teacher is saying in class.
④What’s more，being tired，they can’t study efficiently.
⑤But others argue that getting up early can strengthen students’ determination and will.⑥If they don’t need to get up early to have a lesson，they will become lazy easily and it is not good for them to form the good habit of studying.
⑦As far as I’m concerned，students should get up early to study because morning is the golden time for learning.
⑧So we should encourage students to form the good habit of self study in
the morning.
名师点津
【美文点津】
①以疑问句开始全文，引人思考。
②此句中that引导的从句作view的同位语，because引导的原因状语从句；在that引导的同位语从句中，it是形式主语，代替后面的动词不定式短语。
③省略条件状语从句if so的使用使得句式简洁，what引导的名词性从句作介词on的宾语，同时，what在宾语从句中作saying的宾语。
④插入语what’s more的使用，使得上下文语气连贯；being tired是现在分词短语，在句中作原因状语。高级词汇efficiently的使用，体现了作者词汇量的丰富。
⑤that引导的从句作argue的宾语；同时句中使用了动名词短语getting up 作主语；高级词汇determination的使用，为文章增色不少。
⑥句中使用了if引导的条件状语从句；It作形式主语，代替后面的动词不定式to form the good habit of studying。
⑦句中使用了as far as sb.be concerned的句式，表示“就……而言”之意；同时，句中使用了because引导的原因状语从句。
⑧连词so的使用，使得上下文过渡自然，语气连贯。同时，句中使用了encourage sb.to do表示“鼓励某人干某事”之意。
【类文点津】
一、辩论报告的文体、时态及结构
1．文体：班级辩论报告在文体上属于议论文，写作时要符合议论文的特点。要注意论点和论据之间的逻辑性以及不同论据之间的层次性。
2．时态：辩论报告在一般情况下应使用一般现在时。
3．结构：辩论报告在结构上一般分为四部分。第一部分要开门见山，点明辩论的主题以及参与者。第二部分列举正方观点及其理由。第三部分列举反方观点及其理由。第四部分得出结论或发表自己的见解、观点。
二、常用相关句型
1．开篇常用句式：
We had a heated discussion about....
Opinions about...are divided/different.Opinions vary from person to person.
Different people have different opinions/views/ideas.Every coin has two sides.
2．表达观点常用句式
(1)表示赞同的常用句式
Some/Others think/believe/argue that....
Some are in favor of....
Most of them support it.
40%of the students are for it.
Those who are in favor of...claim that...
(2)表示反对的常用句式
Others are against...
Some object to...
Half of them hold a different view/opinion.Those who are opposed to...hold that...
(3)表达自己观点的常用句式
In my opinion/view，/Personally，...As/So far as I’m concerned，...
As for me，...
From my personal angle alone，...
From my personal point of view，...
3．列举理由的常用句式
Firstly....Secondly....Thirdly....For one thing...；for another....
In the first place...，Secondly....Last but not least...
?
Thank you课件12张PPT。Unit 1 Section Ⅴ 课件Ⅰ.考纲词汇一览表Ⅱ.单词填空(从上表所列应掌握词汇中选出恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。每空一词。)
1．The new tunnel hasn’t been finished; it is still under _______________.
2．It is said that this kind of new medicine can _________ people of heart disease.constructioncure3．He seemed totally ____________ in that book. When I came in he didn’t notice me at all.
4．Wearing loose clothing gives you greater freedom of ____________.
5．Mr. Johnson ____________ his speech by wishing everyone a safe trip home.
absorbedmovementconcluded6．Who is to ____________ for the traffic accident?
7．It took them a long time to ____________ what went wrong. And eventually they knew the problem.
8．Lucy turned the ____________ and opened the door.
blameanalysehandle9．She is very ____________ about committing(承诺)himself to anything.
10．He ____________ me to deliver it to a customer.
cautiousinstructedⅢ.完成句子(根据所给汉语提示，在空格中填入适当的词语完成句子。词数不限。)
1．他说他能治好我的病，但我还是不相信他。
__________________________ but I still doubt him.
2．他们从这些事实中引出了不同的结论。
They ________________________ from the facts.
He says he can cure medrew different conclusions3．已发布寒流即将来临的消息。
________________________ that a cold wave will come soon.
4．那时我们意识到希望已经落空了。
We realized at that time that __________________________.
It has been announcedour hopes were defeated5．她给这家杂志撰写了一些稿件。
________________________________ to the magazine.
She contributed a number of articlesⅣ.连词成段(根据下面的题目要求写出一个语段)
假如你是福建某中学高二学生李华，拟参加某英文报社组织的编故事大赛。请根据如下要求将参赛作品以附件形式发电子邮件到storymaking@126.com.。
1．所编故事中需含有accident, neighborhood, expert, link, physician, pollute, chart这7个词；
2．文长不少于90词，且仅能用7个句子表达，其中一个是定语从句，另一个句子含有过去分词作表语的用法；
3．注意短文的连贯性、趣味性与可读性。
Thank You
