【备考2018】英语3年中考2年模拟专题复习学案第十六讲 宾语从句 原卷
宾语从句在初中英语语法中有着相当重要的地位，几乎每年的中考都有对宾语从句不同角度的考查。认真研读了近年来有关宾语从句的中考题，发现其考查的重点一般都集中在以下几个方面：语序、时态和连接词。
思维导图记知识点
一、宾语从句的定义
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子就是复合句。主句是全句的主体。从句是全句的一个成分，它在句子中作什么成分，就叫什么成分的从句。如作状语的就叫状语从句，作宾语的就叫宾语从句，作定语的就叫定语从句。初中阶段要求掌握状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句的简单用法。
宾语从句
二、宾语从句用法
【速记口诀】宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if，whether)替;特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
【妙语诠释】宾语从句应注意三点：①引导词，陈述句一般由that引导，这时的that可以省略;一般疑问句则由if或whether引导;而特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词引导。②时态，主句是现在时态，从句可用所需要的任何时态;但如果主句是过去时态，从句时态所表示时间一般往前移一个时间段。③语序，宾语从句永远要用陈述句顺序21·世纪*教育网
三、宾语从句的引导词
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中常常省略。
He knew (that) he should work hard.
2.如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下，二者可以通用，If和whether起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。如：
I don't know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否将来这儿。 【出处：21教育名师】
注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。
a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if
b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用whether.
c. if当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用whether.
3宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which等和连接副词when, where, why, how等引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。
四、宾语从句的语序
1.在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。 特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。如：
I want to know when the train left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。
注意：①有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如：
What's wrong with...?
Which is the way to...?
What happened to you...?
What's the matter/trouble...?
Who studies the hardest in your class?
②do you think后接宾语从句时，特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think作为插入语。如：
Who do you think he is talking with？你认为他正在和谁交谈？
2.由do，does，did构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do，does，did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如： 【版权所有：21教育】
“Does he sing well？”The music teacher asked him.
→The music teacher asked him if(whether)he sang well.这个音乐老师想知道他唱得是否很好。
3.如果是will，be，have，can组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上，并根据主句的时态作相应的变化。如：
“Will you be free tomorrow？”She asked me.
→She asked me if(whether) I would be free tomorrow.她问我明天是否是空闲的。
六、宾语从句的时态
宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语时态的制约，这就是时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语的时态不受限制；如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。www.21-cn-jy.com
Please tell us where he is.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
注意：当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。
The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.
宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的，一般有下面几种情况：
①主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如：
He says he will ask Mr. Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将让胡先生给吉姆一些工作。
②主句的时态为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如：
She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。
③从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：
He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他说太阳比地球大。
七、宾语从句的否定前移
在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等时，如果主句为I或we时，从句中表示否定意义的not应移到think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等前。如：
I don't suppose he will come.我猜他不会来。
【注意】如果主句主语不是I或we，则not不前移。如：
She thinks she can't arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。21教育网
八、宾语从句和状语从句的区分
1) I will go out tomorrow if it is fine.
2) I don’t know if the train has arrived.
句1）中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”，修饰主句。整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好，我就出去。句2）中if引导的是宾语从句，充当谓语动词don’t know的宾语。整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达。
判断方法：
1.可以从整个句式看。状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面（个别除外），宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2. 从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether， 词义为“是否”，充当状语从句的连接词时，词义为“如果”。when充当宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么时候”，充当状语从句的连接词时，意为“当……的时候”。21教育名师原创作品
3.从时态看。if和when作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。if和when充当从属连词时，引导条件和时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来。
4.、人称的变化和标点的使用
a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：(一主二宾三不变)
“May I use your knife？”He asked me.
→He asked me if he might use my knife.
“Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me.
→He asked me if I know her telephone number.
b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：
Who will give us a talk? I don’t know. →I don’t know who will give us a talk.
Do you know？Where does he live? →Do you know where he lives?
九、宾语从句的转化
1.当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：
She agreed that she could help me with my maths.
→She agreed to help me with my maths.
2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”。例如：2-1-c-n-j-y
I don't know which sweater I should buy.→I don't know which sweater to buy.
3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：→Could you tell me how to get to the park?
4. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：
She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.
→She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.
考点一：考查连接词的用法
典例1:We‘d like to know ___________ or not.（2004年山东潍坊）
A.whether will the sports meeting come
B.if will the sports meeting come
C.whether the sports meeting will come
D.if the sports meeting will come
【解析】题干中出现了or not，所以连接宾语从句的引导词要用whether，故选C项。
【答案】C
举一反三
1.—I'm waiting for the mail.Do you know ________ it will arrive?
—Usually it comes by 4：00 p．m.(2015，青岛)
A．how B．where C．when D．what
2. —Do you know ________ Dengchao is?
—He is an actor.He is the team leader in the popular reality TV show Running Man now.(2015，连云港) 2·1·c·n·j·y
A．which B．when C．what D．how
考点二:语序
典例2:- Excuse me，could you tell me ___________？
Certainly.It‘s over there along the street on the left.（2005年吉林）
A.here the People‘s Park is
B.where is the People‘s Park
C.the People‘s Park is where
D.the People‘s Park where is
【解析】宾语从句一律使用陈述句语序，故选A项。
【答案】A
举一反三
1.【2016山东泰安】 —Excuse me, could you tell me where _______? 21·cn·jy·com
—Sure, sir. You can try www.taobao.com.
A. can I join in the group-buying B. did I join in the group-buying 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
C. I can join in the group-buying D. I joined in the group-buying
2.【2015四川南充】 Could you tell me ________?
A. where do you live B. where you live C. you live where
考点三:时态
典例3:Do you know ___________ this time yesterday？ （2005年黑龙江）21cnjy.com
A.what she is cooking B.what is she cooking C.what she was cooking D.what was she cooking
【解析】由时间状语this time yesterday可知，宾语从句应用过去进行时态，故选C项。
【答案】C
举一反三
1.—Hi，Bruce.Here is a letter for you.—Thanks.I wonder ________.
A．who the letter was fromB．who was from the letter
C．who was the letter from D．who from the letter was
2.—Can you tell me ________ this morning?—Sorry，I've no idea.
A．why didn't Daming come to schoolB．why Daming didn't come to school
C．why doesn't Daming come to schoolD．why Daming doesn't come to school
3. —Could you tell me ________ the Space Museum?
—Sure，next Monday.
A．when we visited B．when did we visit C．when we will visit D．when will we visit
4.—Can you tell me ________ the prize，Tom?
—Last year.A．when you got B．when did you getC．when will you get D．when you will get
1. (2017·江苏南通·14)—There will be a concert this evening. But I don't know________.
—By underground. It takes less time.
A. where it will be held B. how can I go C. where will it be held D. how I can go
2. (2017·江苏连云港· 14)—Do you know ________ The Belt and Road Forum(“一带一路”高峰论坛) began?
—On May 14th,2017.
A. that B. when C. if D. where
3. (2017·江苏苏州· 5)Mom，have you seen my toy bear? I don't know ________ I have left it.
A. why B. when C. how D. where
4. (2017·江苏泰州·15)—Could you please tell me ________ “The Reader”，a TV programme hosted by Dong Qing?
—Well，it is fun and teaches us a lot of knowledge.
how do people like B. how people liked
C. why do many people like D. why many people like
5. (2017·江苏宿迁·15)—Helen，could you tell me ________ living in the countryside?
—Perhaps next weekend.
A. why you will visit our granny B. when will you visit your granny
C. when you will visit your granny D. why will you visit your granny
6. (2017·江苏盐城· 13)Today is Father's Day，I'm thinking about ________.
A. what present I gave my father B. if I planned a party for my father
C. how I can give my father a surprise D. where will my father and I have a big meal
7. (2017·江苏扬州· 14)—Excuse me，could you tell me ________？
—Well，there's one on your left.
A. when the bank opens B. where the bank is
C. how far is the bank D. how can I get to the bank
8. (2017·北京· 30)—Judy，could you tell me ________ the schoolbag?
—Oh，yes. I bought it in a store on the Internet.
A. where did you buy B. where will you buy C. where you bought D. where you will buy
9. (2017·重庆B卷·38)—I can't see________ on the blackboard. May I borrow your notebook?
—Sure. Here you are.
A. what our teacher wrote B. what did our teacher write21世纪教育网版权所有
C. why our teacher wrote D. how did our teacher write21*cnjy*com
10. (2017·无锡·6)—I've just received a WeChat message—“ttyl”. Do you know ________？
—It stands for “talk to you later”．
A. how does it mean B. how it means C. what does it mean D. what it means
11. (2017·江苏徐州· 7)We haven't decided yet ________ we will place our new furniture.
A. where B. what C. why D. which
12. (2017·江苏淮安· 13)—Have you decided ________ this summer holiday?
—Yes. To Paris.
A. where do you go B. where you go C. where will you go D. where you will go
13. (2017·湖北黄冈·39)—Summer vacation is coming! Could you tell me ________？
—Xi'an. I really want to visit the Terracotta Army.www-2-1-cnjy-com
where are you going B. what are you doing C.where you are going D. what you are doing
14. (2017·湖北黄石·40)—Excuse me，could you tell me ________ to the nearest bank?
—Go straight. It's across from the park.
A. how can I get B. how I can get C. when can I get D. when I can get
15. (2017·江苏镇江·15)—How is your May Day holiday，John?
—Not bad. You seem so happy. Could you tell me ________？
A. what place you have been to B. if you visit your grandparents
C. who did you spend the holiday with D. that you watched a football match
1.. —Could you tell me _______? I’m going to pick you up at the airport.
—At 15:45 this Friday.
A. where you met me B. who you are coming with
C. when you came here D. what time you are arriving
2. —I’m going to buy a car. Any advice, Charlie?
—Well, it depends on ______. If money isn’t a problem, you can buy a BMW.
A. when you will buy one B. how much you can afford
C. what color you like D. where you are driving
3. —Excuse me, could you tell me where _______?
—Sure, sir. You can try www.taobao.com.
A. can I join in the group-buying B. did I join in the group-buying
C. I can join in the group-buying D. I joined in the group-buying
4. — Do you know ______ the girl in blue is?
—I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher.
A. whose B. how C. what D. which
5. —Hey! Mike, guess ______ for my coming vacation.
—To Hainan Island? You always like somewhere interesting.
A. what I will take B. where I’m going
C. when I will leave D. who I’m going with
6. Could you tell me ________?
A. where do you live B. where you live C. you live where
7. The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder ___________.
A. how much it cost B. how much it costs C. how much did it cost D. how much does it cost
8. —Excuse me, can you tell me _______?—At about 8 o’clock, sir.
A what time the plane will reach Beijing
B what time will the plane arrive in Beijing
C what time the plane will arrive Beijing
D what time will the plane get to Beijing
9. —Could you tell me ?
—At nine o'clock, in ten minutes.
A. how will he leave B. when he has left C. why he is leaving D. when he will leave
10.I don’t understand _________ that everything’s fine when it’s not.
A. how can he say B. can he say how C. he can say how D. how he can say
11.—Do you know ____Jane visits her grandparents?
—Once a week. She loves them deeply.
A. how soon B. how often C. how long D. how far
12．—Did the radio say____?—Yes，from Hunan．
A. how the bad rice came B．where the bad rice came from21*cnjy*com
C．how did the bad rice come D．where did the bad rice come from
13. I was told to meet Mr. White at the airport. But I don’t know _________ he will arrive.
A. when B. how C. where D. why
14. Could you please tell me _____ a great actress?
A. how Zhao Wei has become B. haw did Zhao Wei become
C. how became Zhao Wei D. how does Zhao Wei became
15. Can you tell me ______?
A. How much is the red sweater B. How much the red sweater is
C. What’s the price of the red sweater D. How many the red sweater is
16. —Could you tell me ________ yesterday?—Because my bike was broken on my way here.
A. why you came late B. why do you come late
C. why you come late D. why did you come late
17. When H7N9 bird flu first appeared, people didn't know ________ doctors could cure it.
A. if B. that C. what D. why
18.—How soon will you start your journey?
—I’m not sure. I haven’t decided .
A. when shall I ask the boss for leave B. where I will go to spend the holiday
C. whether I would go by train or by plane D. who could invite me to go
19.I don’t know____________.
A. where she comes from B. how old is she C. when was she born
20.—Can you tell me ______ Huang Hua will give us a speech this afternoon?
—Yes, he will. He is the top student ______ we all admire.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
A.both; and B. what; which C. that; which D. whether; that
【备考2018】英语3年中考2年模拟专题复习学案第十六讲 宾语从句 解析卷
宾语从句在初中英语语法中有着相当重要的地位，几乎每年的中考都有对宾语从句不同角度的考查。认真研读了近年来有关宾语从句的中考题，发现其考查的重点一般都集中在以下几个方面：语序、时态、连接词、否定前移和简化。
思维导图记知识点
一、宾语从句的定义
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子就是复合句。主句是全句的主体。从句是全句的一个成分，它在句子中作什么成分，就叫什么成分的从句。如作状语的就叫状语从句，作宾语的就叫宾语从句，作定语的就叫定语从句。初中阶段要求掌握状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句的简单用法。
宾语从句
二、宾语从句用法
【速记口诀】宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if，whether)替;特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
【妙语诠释】宾语从句应注意三点：①引导词，陈述句一般由that引导，这时的that可以省略;一般疑问句则由if或whether引导;而特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词引导。②时态，主句是现在时态，从句可用所需要的任何时态;但如果主句是过去时态，从句时态所表示时间一般往前移一个时间段。③语序，宾语从句永远要用陈述句顺序
三、宾语从句的引导词
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中常常省略。
He knew (that) he should work hard.
2.如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下，二者可以通用，If和whether起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。如：
I don't know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否将来这儿。
注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。
a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if
b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用whether.
c. if当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用whether.
3宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which等和连接副词when, where, why, how等引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。
四、宾语从句的语序
1.在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。 特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。如：
I want to know when the train left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。
注意：①有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如：
What's wrong with...?
Which is the way to...?
What happened to you...?
What's the matter/trouble...?
Who studies the hardest in your class?
②do you think后接宾语从句时，特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think作为插入语。如：
Who do you think he is talking with？你认为他正在和谁交谈？
2.由do，does，did构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do，does，did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如：
“Does he sing well？”The music teacher asked him.
→The music teacher asked him if(whether)he sang well.这个音乐老师想知道他唱得是否很好。
3.如果是will，be，have，can组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上，并根据主句的时态作相应的变化。如：
“Will you be free tomorrow？”She asked me.
→She asked me if(whether) I would be free tomorrow.她问我明天是否是空闲的。
六、宾语从句的时态
宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语时态的制约，这就是时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语的时态不受限制；如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
Please tell us where he is.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
注意：当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。
The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.
宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的，一般有下面几种情况：
①主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如：
He says he will ask Mr. Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将让胡先生给吉姆一些工作。
②主句的时态为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如：
She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。
③从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：
He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他说太阳比地球大。【版权所有：21教育】
七、宾语从句的否定前移
在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等时，如果主句为I或we时，从句中表示否定意义的not应移到think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等前。如：
I don't suppose he will come.我猜他不会来。
【注意】如果主句主语不是I或we，则not不前移。如：
She thinks she can't arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。
八、宾语从句和状语从句的区分
1) I will go out tomorrow if it is fine.
2) I don’t know if the train has arrived.
句1）中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”，修饰主句。整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好，我就出去。句2）中if引导的是宾语从句，充当谓语动词don’t know的宾语。整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达。
判断方法：
1.可以从整个句式看。状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面（个别除外），宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2. 从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether， 词义为“是否”，充当状语从句的连接词时，词义为“如果”。when充当宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么时候”，充当状语从句的连接词时，意为“当……的时候”。
3.从时态看。if和when作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。if和when充当从属连词时，引导条件和时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来。
4.、人称的变化和标点的使用
a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：(一主二宾三不变)
“May I use your knife？”He asked me.
→He asked me if he might use my knife.
“Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me.
→He asked me if I know her telephone number.
b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：
Who will give us a talk? I don’t know. →I don’t know who will give us a talk.
Do you know？Where does he live? →Do you know where he lives?
九、宾语从句的转化
1.当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：
She agreed that she could help me with my maths.
→She agreed to help me with my maths.
2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”。例如：21cnjy.com
I don't know which sweater I should buy.→I don't know which sweater to buy.
3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：→Could you tell me how to get to the park?
4. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：
She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.
→She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.
考点一：考查连接词的用法
典例1:We‘d like to know ___________ or not.（2004年山东潍坊）【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A.whether will the sports meeting come
B.if will the sports meeting come
C.whether the sports meeting will come
D.if the sports meeting will come
【解析】题干中出现了or not，所以连接宾语从句的引导词要用whether，故选C项。
【答案】C
举一反三
1.—I'm waiting for the mail.Do you know ________ it will arrive?【出处：21教育名师】
—Usually it comes by 4：00 p．m.(2015，青岛)
A．how B．where C．when D．what
【解析】how意为“怎样”；where意为“在哪里”；when意为“什么时候”；what意为“什么”。从句子结构看，空格所在句是含宾语从句的复合句，此处缺少引导词，由答句句意“通常在下午4点之前来。”可推知，问句句意为“你知道它什么时候到吗？”。
【答案】C
2. —Do you know ________ Dengchao is?
—He is an actor.He is the team leader in the popular reality TV show Running Man now.(2015，连云港)
A．which B．when C．what D．how
【解析】which“哪一个，哪一些”，询问人或物；when“什么时候”，询问时间；what“什么”，询问事物或职业；how“怎样；怎么”，询问方式或感受等。由答语He is an actor.可知问句询问的是职业。
【答案】C
考点二:语序
典例2:- Excuse me，could you tell me ___________？
Certainly.It‘s over there along the street on the left.（2005年吉林）
A.here the People‘s Park is
B.where is the People‘s Park
C.the People‘s Park is where
D.the People‘s Park where is
【解析】宾语从句一律使用陈述句语序，故选A项。
【答案】A
举一反三
1.【2016山东泰安】 —Excuse me, could you tell me where _______?
—Sure, sir. You can try www.taobao.com.
A. can I join in the group-buying B. did I join in the group-buying
C. I can join in the group-buying D. I joined in the group-buying
【解析】考查宾语从句的时态和语序。由题干可知该题时where连接的宾语从句。故根据“宾语从句必须用陈述语序”排除掉A、B项；由答语Sure, sir. You can try www.taobao.com可知事情还没做，故答案选C项。
【答案】C
2.【2015四川南充】 Could you tell me ________?
A. where do you live B. where you live C. you live where
【解析】考查宾语从句用法。在宾语从句中用陈述句的语序，故本题选B。
【答案】B
考点三:时态
典例3:Do you know ___________ this time yesterday？ （2005年黑龙江）21*cnjy*com
A.what she is cooking B.what is she cooking C.what she was cooking D.what was she cooking
【解析】由时间状语this time yesterday可知，宾语从句应用过去进行时态，故选C项。
【答案】C
举一反三
1.—Hi，Bruce.Here is a letter for you.—Thanks.I wonder ________.
A．who the letter was fromB．who was from the letter
C．who was the letter from D．who from the letter was
【解析】宾语从句应用陈述语序，即be动词、助动词和情态动词都应放在主语后，在此宾语从句中，主语是the letter，谓语was from应放在主语后，故排除选项B和C；选项D将from置于主语前，是错误的。句意“嗨，布鲁斯。这儿有你的一封信。”“谢谢。我想知道这封信是谁寄来的。”
【答案】A
2.—Can you tell me ________ this morning?—Sorry，I've no idea.
A．why didn't Daming come to schoolB．why Daming didn't come to school
C．why doesn't Daming come to schoolD．why Daming doesn't come to school
【解析】由this morning可知事情发生在过去，故排除C、D两项；宾语从句应用陈述句语序。
注意：陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。
She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.” She said she would leave a message on the desk.
一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。
【答案】B
3. —Could you tell me ________ the Space Museum?
—Sure，next Monday.
A．when we visited B．when did we visit C．when we will visit D．when will we visit
【解析】由答语next Monday(下周一)可知，宾语从句应用一般将来时态，故排除A、B两项；宾语从句应用陈述句语序。
【答案】C
4.—Can you tell me ________ the prize，Tom?
—Last year.A．when you got B．when did you getC．when will you get D．when you will get
【解析】宾语从句的语序须是陈述句语序，排除B、C项；由答句last year可知从句的时态为一般过去时。
【答案】A
1. (2017·江苏南通·14)—There will be a concert this evening. But I don't know________.
—By underground. It takes less time.
A. where it will be held B. how can I go C. where will it be held D. how I can go
[解析]由答语“by underground”可知，回答的是怎么到达。know引导的宾语从句后接陈述句语序，因此排除A，B，C三项。
【答案】D
2. (2017·江苏连云港· 14)—Do you know ________ The Belt and Road Forum(“一带一路”高峰论坛) began?
—On May 14th,2017.
A. that B. when C. if D. where
[解析]句意：——你知道“一带一路”高峰论坛什么时候开始吗？——在2017年5月14日。根据答语的时间可知问句是就“时间”提问，应用when。故选B。
【答案】B
3. (2017·江苏苏州· 5)Mom，have you seen my toy bear? I don't know ________ I have left it.
A. why B. when C. how D. where
[解析]句意：妈妈，你看见我的玩具熊了吗？我不知道我把它丢在哪儿了。表示“在哪儿”应用引导词where。故选D。
【答案】D
4. (2017·江苏泰州·15)—Could you please tell me ________ “The Reader”，a TV programme hosted by Dong Qing?www-2-1-cnjy-com
—Well，it is fun and teaches us a lot of knowledge.
how do people like B. how people liked
C. why do many people like D. why many people like
[解析]句意：——你能告诉我为什么人们喜欢董卿主持的电视节目《朗读者》吗？——嗯，这个节目很有趣，也传授给我们许多知识。宾语从句中用陈述句语序，排除A、C；答语是说明为什么人们喜欢这个节目的原因，用why引导宾语从句。
【答案】D
5. (2017·江苏宿迁·15)—Helen，could you tell me ________ living in the countryside?
—Perhaps next weekend.
A. why you will visit our granny B. when will you visit your granny
C. when you will visit your granny D. why will you visit your granny
[解析]句意：——海伦，你能告诉我你什么时候看望你住在乡下的奶奶吗？——可能是下周末吧。宾语从句应使用陈述句的语序，故排除选项B和D。根据答语“可能是下周末吧。”可知，上句是询问时间。故选C。
【答案】C
6. (2017·江苏盐城· 13)Today is Father's Day，I'm thinking about ________.
A. what present I gave my father B. if I planned a party for my father
C. how I can give my father a surprise D. where will my father and I have a big meal
[解析]句意：今天是父亲节，我在考虑怎样给我爸爸一个惊喜。父亲节是在今天，还没有成为过去的时间，A、B项时态为过去时，与句意不符；D项语序为疑问语序，宾语从句应使用陈述语序，故选C。
【答案】C
7. (2017·江苏扬州· 14)—Excuse me，could you tell me ________？21·世纪*教育网
—Well，there's one on your left.
A. when the bank opens B. where the bank is
C. how far is the bank D. how can I get to the bank
[解析]宾语从句要用陈述句语序，先排除C、D两项；根据答语“在你左边有一个”可知，这里指“位置”。故选B。
【答案】B
8. (2017·北京· 30)—Judy，could you tell me ________ the schoolbag?
—Oh，yes. I bought it in a store on the Internet.
A. where did you buy B. where will you buy C. where you bought D. where you will buy
[解析]宾语从句要遵循“陈述语序”的原则，因此排除选项A和B；此处是指已经购买了那个书包，动作发生在过去，因此从句要使用一般过去时，故选C。
【答案】C
9. (2017·重庆B卷·38)—I can't see________ on the blackboard. May I borrow your notebook?
—Sure. Here you are.
A. what our teacher wrote B. what did our teacher write
C. why our teacher wrote D. how did our teacher write
[解析]宾语从句为陈述句的语序，故排除选项B、D；结合句意“我不能看清黑板上老师写的东西”。应用what引导，故选A。
【答案】A
10. (2017·无锡·6)—I've just received a WeChat message—“ttyl”. Do you know ________？
—It stands for “talk to you later”．
A. how does it mean B. how it means C. what does it mean D. what it means
[解析]句意：——我刚收到了一个微信信息——“ttyl”，你知道什么意思吗？——它代表“一会儿和你交谈”。宾语从句中用陈述语序，特殊疑问词what做mean的宾语。故选D。
【答案】D
11. (2017·江苏徐州· 7)We haven't decided yet ________ we will place our new furniture.
A. where B. what C. why D. which
[解析]句意：我们还没有决定将把我们的新家具放哪儿。故选A。
【答案】A
12. (2017·江苏淮安· 13)—Have you decided ________ this summer holiday?
—Yes. To Paris.
A. where do you go B. where you go C. where will you go D. where you will go
[解析]句意：——你决定今年暑假去哪里了吗？——是的。去巴黎。答语“去巴黎”提示用where引导宾语从句表示地点；时间状语“今年暑假”提示用一般将来时态。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
【答案】D
13. (2017·湖北黄冈·39)—Summer vacation is coming! Could you tell me ________？
—Xi'an. I really want to visit the Terracotta Army.
where are you going B. what are you doing C.where you are going D. what you are doing
[解析]句意：——暑假就要来了！你能告诉我你想去哪里吗？——西安。我真的想去参观兵马俑。根据答语西安表示地点可知用where，宾语从句用陈述语序。故选C。
【答案】C
14. (2017·湖北黄石·40)—Excuse me，could you tell me ________ to the nearest bank?
—Go straight. It's across from the park.
A. how can I get B. how I can get C. when can I get D. when I can get
[解析]句意：——打扰了，请问去最近的银行怎么走？——一直向前走，就在公园的对面。分析该句结构可知，空处做tell的间接宾语，表示“如何，怎样……”，故用陈述句语序，故选B。
【答案】B
15. (2017·江苏镇江·15)—How is your May Day holiday，John?
—Not bad. You seem so happy. Could you tell me ________？
A. what place you have been to B. if you visit your grandparents
C. who did you spend the holiday with D. that you watched a football match
[解析]句意：——John，你的五一假期怎么样？——不坏。你看上去似乎很高兴。你能告诉我你去过什么地方吗？选项B时态不对；选项C语序为疑问句语序；选项D引导词不对，故选A。
【答案】A
1.. —Could you tell me _______? I’m going to pick you up at the airport.
—At 15:45 this Friday.
A. where you met me B. who you are coming with2·1·c·n·j·y
C. when you came here D. what time you are arriving21*cnjy*com
【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。由下句句意“我会去机场接你”可知上文应询问到达的时间，用现在进行时表示将来。故选D。
2. —I’m going to buy a car. Any advice, Charlie?
—Well, it depends on ______. If money isn’t a problem, you can buy a BMW.
A. when you will buy one B. how much you can afford
C. what color you like D. where you are driving
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。根据下文“如果钱不是问题，你可以买辆宝马”可推出此处句意：哦，这取决于你可以支付多少钱。和选项B相符，所以选B。
3. —Excuse me, could you tell me where _______?
—Sure, sir. You can try www.taobao.com.
A. can I join in the group-buying B. did I join in the group-buying
C. I can join in the group-buying D. I joined in the group-buying
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句的时态和语序。由题干可知该题时where连接的宾语从句。故根据“宾语从句必须用陈述语序”排除掉A、B项；由答语Sure, sir. You can try www.taobao.com可知事情还没做，故答案选C项。
4. — Do you know ______ the girl in blue is?
—I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher.
A. whose B. how C. what D. which
【答案】 C
【解析】考查特殊疑问词的用法。由答语a teacher，知道是对职业提问，对职业提问用what ，所以选择答案C。
5. —Hey! Mike, guess ______ for my coming vacation.
—To Hainan Island? You always like somewhere interesting.
A. what I will take B. where I’m going
C. when I will leave D. who I’m going with
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句中的连接词的用法。答句是“去海南岛吗？”显示表示“去的地方，地点”，因此要使用连接词where，所以选择B答案。
6. Could you tell me ________?
A. where do you live B. where you live C. you live where
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句用法。在宾语从句中用陈述句的语序，故本题选B。
7. The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder ___________.
A. how much it cost B. how much it costs C. how much did it cost D. how much does it cost
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句语序 。宾语从句中使用陈述语序，以此可以推断选A或者B。又因为it作主语时 ，谓语动词应该使用第三人称单数形式，所以选B。
8. —Excuse me, can you tell me _______?—At about 8 o’clock, sir.
A what time the plane will reach Beijing
B what time will the plane arrive in Beijing
C what time the plane will arrive Beijing
D what time will the plane get to Beijing
【答案】 A
【解析】考查宾语从句用法。宾语从句考查的三原则是：语序、时态和引导词。语序要使用陈述句语序，故排除B、D；选项C中应为arrive in Beijing，故答案选A。2-1-c-n-j-y
9. —Could you tell me ?
—At nine o'clock, in ten minutes.
A. how will he leave B. when he has left C. why he is leaving D. when he will leave
【答案】D
【解析】选D。考查宾语从句及一般将来时态。根据答语中的“in ten minutes”可知要用一般将来时态，故排除B选项；根据答语可知提问时间用特殊疑问词when，故排除C选项；宾语从句要用陈述语序，故排除A选项，答案选D。21教育名师原创作品
10.I don’t understand _________ that everything’s fine when it’s not.
A. how can he say B. can he say how C. he can say how D. how he can say
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句需要使用陈述语序，且连接词位于从句句首。故选D。
11.—Do you know ____Jane visits her grandparents?
—Once a week. She loves them deeply.
A. how soon B. how often C. how long D. how far
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句连接副词的用法。how soon多久，常对将来时间提问；how often多久一次，多对表“频度”的词提问；how long多长时间，常对“一段时间”提问；how far多远，常对距离、路程提问。根据答语“Once a week”可知：是询问的频度，故用how often引导。
12．—Did the radio say____?—Yes，from Hunan．
A. how the bad rice came B．where the bad rice came from
C．how did the bad rice come D．where did the bad rice come from
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除D项；由答语“Yes，from Hunan．”可推知问句与地点相关，因此引导词用where，故选B。
13. I was told to meet Mr. White at the airport. But I don’t know _________ he will arrive.
A. when B. how C. where D. why
【答案】A
【解析】考查疑问副词 句意：我被要求去接怀特先生，但我不知道他什么时候到。故选A，when，什么时候。其他的how，怎么样；where，哪里；why，为什么，都不符合句意。21·cn·jy·com
14. Could you please tell me _____ a great actress?
A. how Zhao Wei has become B. haw did Zhao Wei become
C. how became Zhao Wei D. how does Zhao Wei became
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。首先，宾语从句要用陈述语序，其次，根据Could you please tell me中的could是委婉请求，并非过去时，所以选择答案A。
15. Can you tell me ______?
A. How much is the red sweater B. How much the red sweater is
C. What’s the price of the red sweater D. How many the red sweater is
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。句意：你能告诉我_______吗？How much is the red sweater?这件红毛衣多少钱？(疑问语序，不可充当宾语从句)；How much the red sweater is，陈述语序；what’s the price of the red sweater这件红毛衣多少钱，疑问语序；how many the red sweater is, 没有这种问法，虽然是陈述语序，但句子表达不符合英文习惯；特殊疑问句充当宾语从句时，必须用陈述语序，故排除了A和C，而D是不恰当的，故选B。
16. —Could you tell me ________ yesterday?—Because my bike was broken on my way here.
A. why you came late B. why do you come late
C. why you come late D. why did you come late
【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句用成陈述句的语序，因此排除选项B、D，又由句中的时间yesterday知，宾语从句用成一般过去时态。所以选择A。
17. When H7N9 bird flu first appeared, people didn't know ________ doctors could cure it.
A. if B. that C. what D. why
【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意“当H7N9流感首次出现的时候, 人们不知道医生是否能够治愈”, if是否, 所以选择A。21世纪教育网版权所有
18.—How soon will you start your journey?
—I’m not sure. I haven’t decided .
A. when shall I ask the boss for leave B. where I will go to spend the holiday
C. whether I would go by train or by plane D. who could invite me to go21教育网
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句用陈述句语序，主句用现在完成时，从句应用一般过去时，故选B。
19.I don’t know____________.
A. where she comes from B. how old is she C. when was she born
【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句要用陈述语序，选项B、C都是疑问语序。根据句意：我不知道她来自哪里。故选A.
20.. —Can you tell me ______ Huang Hua will give us a speech this afternoon?
—Yes, he will. He is the top student ______ we all admire.
A.both; and B. what; which C. that; which D. whether; that
【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句引导词以及定语从句连接词的用法。根据句意：你能告诉我黄华今天下午是否给我们做演讲?“是否”表示为if或whether；先行词是“人”，故连接词用“that”或“who”所以选择答案D。www.21-cn-jy.com
