牛津深圳版Module1 Amazing things Unit 1 Encyclopaedias 词汇和语法（无答案）

Unit 1 Encyclopaedias
Key words
human adj. 人的
dinosaur n. 恐龙
inventor n. 发明家
musician n. 音乐家
scientist n. 科学家
born v. 出生
countryside n. 农村
intelligence n. 才智
ability n. 才能；能力
perhaps adv. 可能
invention n. 发明
notebook n. 笔记本
include v. 包括；包含
even adv. 甚至
however adv. 然而
suddenly adv. 突然
nobody pron. 没有人
win v. 获胜
dollar n. 元
Key phrases:
in the countryside 在农村
human being 人
die out 灭绝
find out 了解到
go for a walk 去散步
Paraphrase：
inventor n.:a person who invents sth. new
musician n.:a person who plays a musical instrument as their job or hobby
scientist n.: someone who has studied science and whose job is to teach or do research on science
intelligence n.: power of learning and understanding
ability n.: power to do sth. physical or mental
however adv.: in spite of
suddenly adv.: something happened quickly and unexpectedly
learn: get knowledge through studying
include: have something as a part
show: let sb. see something
Key sentences:
1. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability.
2. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things.
3. Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.
4. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens.
5. However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.
6. Then, suddenly, they all died out.
课堂练习
一、根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。
1. Jack was b________in England in 2010.
2. I tried to do my work to the best of my a_______.
3. We live in the c_________,not in the modern city.
4. The spinning machine (纺车) is a Chinese i________.
5. Lucy and Lily are twins(双胞胎), but they are quite d _________.
6. Mary is a girl of high i_________. That’s why she finished her high school at the age of ten.
二、词汇连线。
1. learn
A. a person who works in science
2. include
B. attracting one’s attention
3. scientist
C. the number of years that one has lived
4. interesting
D. have something as a part
5. age
E. let sb. see something
6. show
F. get knowledge through studying
三、根据句意及括号内的汉语提示完成单词。
1. Edison is a famous ________(发明家) from America.
2. The encyclopaedia is very _________(有用的).
3. I wrote down all the new words in a ________(笔记本).
4. There are _________(许多的)books in the library.
5. The Mona Lisa is _________(可能) the most famous painting in the world.
6. We all know that Mozart was a great ________(音乐家).
选择填空。
ⅰ. 从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替换划线部分的最佳选项。
( ) 1. There are more than ten people on the boat.
A. less than
B. only
C. over
( ) 2. My little puppy follows me everywhere.
A. to every place
B. to some place
C. to one place
( ) 3. There are some apples in the basket.
A. a few
B. a little
C. several
( ) 4. —We can learn about Chinese history from these books.
—I really can’t agree any more.
A. teach students
B. think about
C. get information about
( ) 5. —Do you know about Jay Zhou?
—He is famous as a singer.
A. friendly
B. well-known
C. hard-working
( ) 6. —Tim said that Da Vinci was also a musician. Is that true?
—I have no idea. Perhaps he is right.
A. Maybe
B. Usually
C. May be
( ) 7. —Why did this kind of bird die out?
—Because of the environment pollution.
A. disappear
B. discover
C. invent
( ) 8. In 1910, for example, nearly 15%of people in the U.S. Were born in another country.
A. however
B. for a while
C. for instance
ⅱ.根据句子意思，从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出恰当的词汇完成句子。
( ) 9. If one thing ________another thing, it has the other thing as one of its part.
A. includes
B. invents
C. discovers
( ) 10. —What was Mozart?
—Oh, he was a great _______.
A. scientist
B. inventor
C. musician
( ) 11. —_______is watching TV. Turn it off, please.
—All right.
A. Nobody
B. Somebody
C. Anybody
( ) 12. —I’m sure our football team will _______this match. We are the strongest.
—Of course we can.
A. win
B. fail
C. lose
( ) 13. Your_______to do something is the fact that you can do it.
A. ability
B. greeting
C. joke
( ) 14. A/An _______means a person who invents something new.
A. inventor
B. musician
C. scientist
( ) 15. —I _______the first prize in the English Speech Competition.
—Congratulations!
A. beat
B. won
C. lost
翻译句子。
1. 我爷爷住在乡下。
My grandpa lives ________ ________ ________.
2. 人类有衣、食、住的需求。
________ ________need food, clothing and shelter.
3. 你愿意跟我们去散散步吗？
Would you like to ________ ________ ________ ________with us?
4. 猛犸是什么时候灭绝的？
When did the mammoths ________ ________?
5. 我们必须弄清楚事故的真相。
We must ________ ________the truth of the accident.
6. 这所大学有一百多年的历史。
This university has a history of ________ ________100 years.
7. 我们的学校和你们的学校一样大。
Our school is ________ ________ ________yours.
8. 了解中国历史对我们很重要。
It’s important for us to ________ ________Chinese history.
随堂练习
语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Heartland is 1.________ beautiful town. In this town people are not allowed to drive car and motorcycles. The town is famous 2.________its blue sky and fresh air. The weather there 3.________(be) nice and warm all the year, so trees and flowers grow 4.________(good) in all seasons.
I went to Heartland last month and I 5.________(stay) there for five years. Every morning I woke up early. Then I watched the birds and listened to their beautiful songs. Then I would take a walk 6.________ride a bicycle along the country roads. Orchards and gardens were everywhere. Flower shops and coffee houses were also on the way. Every night from my window I could see 7.________(brightly) stars in the sky, and I would go to 8.________(asleep) with the smell of grass.
The five-day holiday in Heartland gave 9.________(I) a lot of surprise. I hope I can go there again some day and spent more time there. If you have time, I advise you 10.________(go) to Heartland and enjoy your holiday.
完形填空。
The Great Wall of China is 1 all over the world. It is 2 “The Ten-Thousand-Li Great Wall” in Chinese. Do you know the famous Chinese saying “ He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a 3 man”?
The Great wall is the longest wall in the world. It is more than 8,851 kilometres long, and between four and five metres 4 . In most places it is wide enough for five horses or ten men to walk side by side(并排) along the top. It was very 5 to build such a great wall without our modern 6 . People did all the 7 by hand. Many people had to work on the wall far away from their 8 . Thousands of men 9 and were buried (埋葬) under the wall. The Great Wall was 10 not only of stone and earth, but also of the flesh and blood (血肉) of millions of men.
( ) 1. A. common
B. famous
C. fresh
( ) 2. A. said
B. written
C. called
( ) 3. A. good
B. important
C. true
( ) 4. A. long
B. wide
C. high
( ) 5. A. busy
B. difficult
C. interesting
( ) 6. A. machines
B. papers
C. lights
( ) 7. A. money
B. time
C. work
( ) 8. A. homes
B. buildings
C. houses
( ) 9. A. showed
B. died
C. disappeared
( ) 10. A. kept
B. made
C. got
语法专讲
some和any的基本用法
Some, any 可与可数名词复数，不可数名词连用。
Some 一般用于肯定句，译为“一些”；any一般用于否定句，疑问句。
I have some story books.
There is some milk in the bottle.
I don’t have any money. Do you have any?
some, any 的特殊用法
在疑问句中一般不用some, 只有当问句表示一种邀请或请求，或期待一个肯定回答时，才能用some.
Would you like some coffee?
some 用于单数可数名词前，表示“某个”
This morning some girl asked for you.
any可以用于条件句中。
If you have any questions, ask me.
三、由some, any, no,every 与body, thing, one 组合而成。
-one
-thing
-body
some-
someone
something
somebody
any-
anyone
anything
anybody
every-
everyone
everything
everybody
no-
none
nothing
nobody
注意：
一般情况下，由some构成的复合不定代词用在肯定句中，由any构成的复合不定代词用在疑问句和否定句中；由no构成的复合不定代词表示否定意思。

复合不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数。
Somebody is knocking at the door.
当复合不定代词被形容词或else修饰时，复合不定代词总是位于修饰词之前。
There is something wrong with my computer.
4. Nobody =not anybody
There is nobody in the room.(改同义句）
______________________________________________________________________________

课堂练习
一. 用some, any,something, anything填空。
1. Would you like ______tea?
2. Is there _______wrong with the machine?
3. I want to tell you _______that happened this morning.
4. I asked him for some oil, but he didn’t have_______.
5. My pen pal will come to Beijing and he will spend _______time here.
单项选择。
( ) 1. —You look so happy!
—Jack says I am pretty. __________has ever told me that before.
A. Nobody
B. Anybody
C. Somebody
( ) 2. I haven’t checked my e-mail today, because there’s ________wrong with my computer.
A. something
B. anything
C. everything
( ) 3. —Who helped you with your English?
—_______! I learned it all by myself.
A. Nobody
B. Anybody
C. Somebody
( ) 4. —What else do you want?
—_______else. I think I have got everything ready.
A. Something
B. Anything
C. Nothing
( ) 5. —What are you going to give your mother for her birthday?
—I’m not sure. But I’ll buy her _______.
A. something special
B. anything special
C. special something
( ) 6.—Was it Peter who broke the window?
—No, he wasn’t here yesterday. He had ________to do with it.
A. nothing
B. anything
C. something
( ) 7. —Is _______OK, Lucy?
—No,my math is not as good as English.
A. everything
B. something
C. nothing
( ) 8. This is an empty(空的) house. There is _____inside.
A. somebody
B. anybody
C. nobody
( ) 9. I am hungry. I want _______to eat.
A. anything
B. something
C. everything
( ) 10. —What did you buy for your daughter at the supermarket?
—I bought _______, because I couldn’t find ________she likes.
A. something; anything
B. anything; something
C. nothing; anything
单元检测
词汇测试。
ⅰ.从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替换划线部分的最佳选项。
( ) 1. The list includes many British guests.
A. gives
B. gets
C. contains
( ) 2. —Do not write more than 200 words.
—OK, I won’t.
A. less than
B. over
C. under
( ) 3. —Do you know about Snow White?
—Yeah, it is a(n) famous fairy tale.
A. well-known
B. good
C. interesting
( ) 4. —I called last night, but nobody answered.
—All the people went out and try again now.
A. somebody
B. anybody
C. no one
( ) 5. —What will you do this weekend ?
—Perhaps I will take part in the sports meeting.
A. Maybe
B. Soon
C. Later
( ) 6. An encyclopaedia often consists of a number of books.
A. is made up of
B. is made from
C. is made of
( ) 7. —Then, suddenly, they all died out.
—That’s a pity.
A. discovered
B. disagreed
C. disappeared
( ) 8. However, we can learn about them from their fossils.
A. know about
B. talk about
C. think about
ⅱ. 根据句子意思，从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出恰当的词汇完成句子。
( ) 9. If something happens________, it happens quickly and unexpectedly（意料之外的）
A. immediately
B. quickly
C. suddenly
( ) 10. He is the last of the family; after his death his name will die_______.
A. out
B. in
C. away
( ) 11. —How many students are there in your class?
—There are twenty students in our class, ________five Americans.
A. including
B. improving
C. discussing
( ) 12. —Why do you want to be a ________?
—Because I am interested in science.
A. inventor
B. musician
C. scientist
( ) 13. —The _______of modern xerography (复印)has made our work much easier.
—I agree with you.
A. invention
B. discovery
C. experiment
( ) 14. —Who ______ the 400-metre race yesterday?
—David.
A. won
B. beated
C. missed
( ) 15. —It’s raining hard. _______, I still want to go there.
—You’d better take an umbrella.
A. So
B. Perhaps
C. However
完形填空。
Some people think that all wild animals are dangerous. But in fact, very few of them will 1 a man if he leaves them alone. If you meet a lion or an elephant, I guess you will 2 away; but even a lion will avoid(躲避) a man if it is not very 3 . Lions and tigers only kill and eat men when they have grown too 4 and too weak to catch their usual 5 , such as deer and some other small animals. If you saw a wild elephant, perhaps you will be 6 . However, elephants usually run away at once if you don’t attack them. Some animals get very frightened if they only smell a man, some 7 and look at him for a moment before they run away, some take no notice at all but walk away 8 in another direction. Wild animals only attack 9 when they are afraid that people want to harm(伤害)their 10 ,or when the hunters shoot at them and make them angry.
( ) 1. A. hide
B. attack
C. protect
( ) 2. A. take
B. put
C. run
( ) 3. A. thirsty
B. hungry
C. tired
( ) 4. A. full
B. friendly
C. old
( ) 5. A. food
B. fish
C. plants
( ) 6. A. excited
B. angry
C. frightened
( ) 7. A. stand
B. eat
C. kill
( ) 8. A. luckily
B. loudly
C. quietly
( ) 9. A. dogs
B. people
C. children
( ) 10. A. neighbors
B. friends
C. young babies
阅读理解。
A
Beethoven, a famous musician in the world, was born in Germany in 1770.
In his childhood Beethoven didn't have a happy life. His father was a singer. When he was only four, his father began to make him practise hour after hour on different musical instruments. If he did not put his heart into it, his father would beat him or make it hard on him.
Beethoven loved music and he learned so fast that he was able to go around to give concerts, when he was only a boy of eleven. At the age of seventeen, he won high praise from Mozart, the great musician at that time.
Beethoven was often poor and ill during his life. After one illness, he suddenly found he couldn’t hear. At that time he was only thirty-one. It was a great blow (打击) to him indeed.
But he still went on working and writing music pieces. To people's surprise, he wrote some of his best pieces after he lost his hearing.
In 1827, the great musician died. He left more than 300 pieces. But people still remember this name today.
( ) 1. Beethoven was a _____ musician.
A. America
B. French
C. German
D. British
( ) 2. What happened when he was thirty-one?
A. He couldn’t see.
B. He couldn’t hear
C. He gave concerts
D. He won high praise
( ) 3. Why didn't Beethoven have a happy life in his childhood?
A. Because his family was poor
B. Because he had to practise a lot of musical instruments
C. Because his father was strict with him
D. Both B and C
( ) 4. Beethoven lived in the world for only _____ years.
A. 43
B. 70
C. 57
D. 60
( ) 5. According to the passage, Beethoven wrote some of his best pieces ______.
A. when he was only four
B. at the age of 11
C. at the age of 17
D. after he lost his hearing.
B
We know the mosquito very well. Mosquitoes fly everywhere. They are almost all over the world, and there are more than 2,500 kinds of them.
No one likes the mosquito. But the mosquito may decide that she loves you. She? Yes, she. It's true that the male mosquito doesn't bite and only the female mosquito bites because she needs blood to lay eggs. She is always looking for things or people she wants to bite. If she likes what she finds, she bites. But if she doesn't like your blood, she will turn to someone else for more delicious blood. Next time a mosquito bites you, just remember it chooses you. You're different from the others!
If the mosquito likes you, she lands on your body without letting you know. She bites you so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different. After she bites, you will have an itch (痒) on your body because she puts something from her mouth together with your blood. By the time the itching begins, she has flown away.
And then what happens? Well, after her delicious dinner, the mosquito feels tired. She just wants to find a place to have a good rest. There, on a leaf or a wall, she begins to lay eggs, hundreds of eggs.
( ) 6. “ Mosquito” means______.
A. a fly in one’s house
B. a little bird
C. a small animal that can catch mice
D. a small flying insects that sucks the blood of people and animals
( ) 7. We know mosquitoes very well because______.
A. they can be found easily
B. they fly here and there
C. there are many kinds of them
D. they can fly
( ) 8. If the mosquito doesn’t bite you, it will ______.
A. get angry with you
B. be afraid of you
C. make a lot of noise
D. choose another one
( ) 9. The mosquito bites you______.
A. when you’re asleep
B. because you have chosen it
C. too quickly to let you know
D. but doesn’t like you
( ) 10. Which of the following is WRONG?
A. The itching begins after the mosquito bites you.
B. You feel terrible when the mosquito bites you.
C. Mosquitoes use blood to lay eggs.
D. Not all the mosquitoes like to bite people for blood.
C
Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth all came after Harvard.
　 In the early years, these schools were nearly the same.Only young men went to college. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, and Greek. At that time, people knew little about science, and one kind of school could teach everything about the world. When the students graduated, most of them became ministers or teachers.
In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could study in Harvard’s law school. In1825, besides Latin and Greek, Harvard began to teach modern languages, such as French and German. Soon it began teaching American history.
As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students could choose the subjects that interested them.
Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made up of smaller schools that deal with special fields of learning. There’s so much to learn that one kind of school can’t offer all.
( ) 11. Which university is the oldest in the USA?
A. Yale
B. Harvard
C. Princeton
D. Columbia
( ) 12. What did most students do when they graduated from Harvard before 1782?
A. Engineers
B. Teachers
C. Scientists
D. Doctors
( ) 13. What languages couldn’t students in Harvard learn in 1825?
A. Japanese
B.Latin and Greek
C. French
D. German
( ) 14. What does the underlined word “graduated” mean?
A. Found a job.
B. Got a degree at a university
C. Got married
D. Took an exam
( ) 15. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. The Development of University
B. Subjects in University
C. University in the USA
D. Harvard University
D
Why do plants grow in some places and not in others? Why does some land have so much growing on it, while other land has almost no plants growing on it at all?
To grow, plants need several things. One is warmth. In very cold places almost nothing grows. Plants also need water. In very dry parts of the Earth only a few unusual plants can grow. That’s why there are almost no trees or grass in dry deserts.
Plants must also have a place in which to put down their roots and grow. They find it difficult to grow on hard land. The town is built on hard land. The plants here have only the soil (土壤)found between the cracks of the stones to grow in.
Another thing plants must have before they can grow is food. What will happen if we try to make things grow on the sandy beach? A few plants, such as grass, will grow in sand, but most plants won’t. Even if the weather is warm enough and we water the plants each day. Many of them will die because the sand on this beach has almost no food for plants.
( ) 16. According to the passage, plants need _______things to grow well.
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five
( ) 17. The underlined word “cracks” means “______”
A. long narrow openings
B. the surface of something
C. small plants on something
D. the bottom of something
( ) 18. From the passage, we can know it is _______for plants to grow in dry places.
A. easy
B. difficult
C. impossible
D. important
( ) 19. The reason why most plants can’t grow on the sandy beach is that_______.
A. there isn’t enough sunshine
B. there is too much water
C. it is too crowded there
D. it has little food for plants
( ) 20. The passage can most probably be found in a _______book.
A. science
B. history
C. travel
D. math
四、语法填空。 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
The polar bear is a very big white bear. We call it the polar bear 1._______ it lives inside the Arctic near the North Pole. There are no polar bears at the South Pole.
The polar bear lives in the snow and ice. At the North Pole there 2.________ only snow and water. There is not any land. The polar bear has a very 3._______(warmly) coat because the weather is cold at the north of the Arctic.
You can’t find the polar bear easily in the snow because 4._______coat is white.
A grown-up polar bear is usually about three meters long and weighs 450 kilos. It can stand up on its back legs because it has very wide 5._______ (foot). It can use its front legs like arms. The polar bear can swim very 6.________ (good). It catches the fish and the sea animals for food. It goes into the sea when it is afraid. People like to kill the polar bear 7._______ its beautiful white coat. The governments of Canada and 8._______United States call on that people should stop 9.________(kill) polar bears. They don’t want these beautiful animals to 10._______ (death) out.