专题15短文改错（热点突破）-2018年高考英语二轮复习
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| 名称 | 专题15短文改错（热点突破）-2018年高考英语二轮复习 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.3MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2018-03-08 08:39:19 | ||
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【考向解读】
高考短文改错主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性，着重考查考生的语言基本功，即：考查考生的词、句、篇和语法的综合水平。其设置的考点灵活多变，知识层次多，覆盖面广，涉及词汇、句法、语篇等方面的语言知识和语意逻辑的运用以及综合辨析能力，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。它是针对考生平时学习英语过程中，尤其是写作中常犯的错误而设计的，所以在考生平时写作中常出现的错误是短文改错考查的重点。
【命题热点突破一】词法错误
词法错误类设错在短文改错题中占很大的比例，考生需要特别注意。对于这类题，考生要仔细分析句子成分，细心观察，并在平时学习过程中多积累语言知识。错误类型通常有以下几种：冠词使用不当，名词的单复数使用错误，形容词与副词的混用，代词的误用，介词的误用等。
1. 冠词使用不当
冠词错用在高考短文改错中极为常见。从高考英语短文改错题的命题角度来看，通常从以下几个方面设题：(1)不定冠词a和an的混用；(2)可数名词单数前遗漏不定冠词；(3)不可数名词或表示类别的复数名词前加不定冠词；(4)定冠词和不定冠词的混用；(5)某些习语或固定搭配中冠词的误用。
1. A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，考生应注意以下几点：(1)分清名词的可数与不可数；(2)分清名词的泛指与特指；(3)熟悉特殊类别的名词前定冠词的用法；(4)熟记固定结构中冠词的使用情况。
2.名词的单复数使用错误
近几年高考短文改错对名词的考查主要是名词的单复数。通常从以下几个方面设题：(1) 可数名词单复数的混淆；(2)不可数名词错用了复数形式的情况；(3) 单复数同形的名词的误用；(4)名词的所有格误用。
2.One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent...his parents were missing.
解析：考查名词复数。由后面句中的“his parents were missing.”可知托尼是和爸爸妈妈一起去购物的，因此应用复数形式。
答案：parent—parents
【特别提醒】
(1)注意名词前表示数量概念的修饰语和名词后的谓语等线索，判断名词的单复数形式。(2)一般来说，单数可数名词前必须有冠词，否则就应该是复数形式。(3)熟悉常见的表示数量概念的短语，牢记其修饰的是可数名词还是不可数名词。常见的修饰可数名词的单词或短语有：many，few，a number of，a few；常见的修饰不可数名词的单词或短语有：much，little，an amount of，a great/good deal of；常见的既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词的短语有：a lot of/lots of，plenty of，a quantity/quantities of。
(4)熟悉名词两种名词所有格(’s所有格和of所有格)的用法。(5)熟悉双重所有格的用法。当a(n)，this，these，that，some，any，no ...等与名词所有格修饰同一名词时，两者不能同时放在该名词前面，要用双重所有格表示，即a(this，that ...)＋名词＋of＋名词所有格，如a daughter of Mrs.Brown’s。
3．形容词与副词的混用
此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：(1)形容词和副词的混用，是短文改错中常见的考点之一；(2)比较级和最高级的混用或误用；(3)比较级和最高级修饰语的误用。
3. Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
解析：考查副词的用法。形容词worried之前要用副词来修饰。
答案：terrible—terribly
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，考生应注意以下几点：(1)搞清形容词或副词在句中充当的成分及其所修饰的词语，判断是否存在误用情况。形容词修饰名词，在句中充当定语、表语或补足语；副词修饰形容词、动词或整个句子，在句中充当状语。(2)熟悉某些特殊形式的比较级和最高级，比如good—better—best，little—less—least 等。(3)熟悉常见的比较结构，如as ...as 同级比较、the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...等。
4．代词的误用
此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：(1)代词指代的人或事物前后不一致的错误；(2) 代词的单复数误用等；(3)“it” 一词的不当使用(包括用于从句中作形式主语或形式宾语)；(4)不定代词或反身代词的误用。
4.Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.
解析：考查代词的错用。代替前面的单数名词a beautiful park要用it。
答案：them—it
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，考生应注意以下几点：(1)掌握各类代词的基本用法，包括人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词以及代词的各种格，如主格、宾格等。(2)明确代词在文中所指代的对象，不受各种插入语干扰。(3)记住一些特殊用法的代词，如it可作形式主语或形式宾语；one，that和those可以用来代替前面提到的名词等。
5．介词的误用
介词在句中不能单独使用，而必须和另外的词放在一起构成短语后才可以充当独立的句子成分。此类改错题主要考查介词的意义、用法及固定搭配。介词的误用主要有以下几种情况：(1)介词与其他各类词的搭配错误；(2)涉及动词时，如果动词是及物动词，其后直接接宾语，不需要介词，如果其后有介词，那这个介词就是多余的；(3)而不及物动词不可以直接接宾语，如果接宾语需借助于恰当的介词，如果缺少了这个介词，就会出现错误。
5.My old classroom was interesting because three sides of the classroom were made from glass.
解析：此处表示的是“教室的三面是由玻璃制成的”，从制成品中可以看出原材料，应用be made of结构，所以应将from改为of。
答案：from→of
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，考生应注意以下几点：(1)平时多积累、总结介词的用法；(2)注意动词与介词、名词与介词、形容词与介词等习惯搭配中的介词；(3)注意介词短语、动词短语等固定短语中的介词；(4)不同的介词与动词搭配构成的动词短语含义不同；(5)不及物动词后面不能直接跟宾语，若跟宾语，后面必须加上相应的介词。
例1、(2017·全国Ⅰ)
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday，I took driving lessons.I still remember how hard first day was.Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor's orders，so once I started the car，my mind goes blank.I forgot what he had said to me altogether.The instructor kept repeating the word，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.A few minutes late，the instructor asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
答案：
In the summer holiday following my birthday，I took driving lessons.I still remember how hard first day was.Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor's orders， once I started the car，my mind blank.I forgot what he had said to me altogether.The instructor kept repeating the ，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “ left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.A few minutes ，the instructor asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a stop just in the middle the road.
5. 解析：word改为words。考查名词的数。根据下文可知，教练发出了很多指令，故用word的复数形式words。
6. 解析：Turning改为Turn。考查谓语动词。此处为祈使句，并和上文中的“Speed up”和“Slow down”并列，故改为动词原形Turn。
7. 解析：删除so后的much。考查固定句型。此处含有“so...that...”引导的结果状语从句，句中的much多余，故删除。
8. 解析：late改为later。考查副词。late意为“迟，晚”。“一段时间＋later”表示“一段时间之后”，故把late改为later。
9. 解析：suddenly改为sudden。考查形容词。该句中的名词stop应用形容词修饰，所以把suddenly改为sudden。
10. 解析：on改为of。考查固定搭配。in the middle of意为“在……的中间”，故把on改为of。
【变式探究】(2016·全国Ⅰ)
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.Instead，he hopes that our business will grow steady.
答案：
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to I live.Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is .Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreamsbecoming rich in short period of time.Instead，he hopes that business will grow .
1. 解析：that→where。考查宾语从句。此处表达的是“靠近我所居住的地方”，故需将that改为where。where在此引导宾语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。
5. 解析：or→and。考查并列连词。根据语境可知，此处不是表示选择关系，而是表示“新鲜的蔬菜和优质的油”，故把or改为and。
6. 解析：using→used。考查被动语态。fresh vegetables和high quality oil与use之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态。
7. 解析：becoming前加of。考查介词。dream of doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”。
8. 解析：the→a。考查冠词。此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词a，in a short period of time意为“短期内”。
9. 解析：our→his。考查代词。由语境及主语he可知，此处指的是叔叔的生意，故将our改为his才合乎语境。
10. 解析：steady→steadily。考查副词。修饰动词grow该用副词，所以应用steady的副词形式steadily。
【举一反三】(2016·浙江卷)
When I was a very young children，my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.Every time he arrived home at end of the day，we'd greet her at the door.He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they chat，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.It was both excited and frightening to be up there！My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
答案：
When I was a very young ，my father created a regular practice I remember well years .Every time he arrived home at end of the day，we'd greet at the door.He would ask who we and pretend not to us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they ，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit the top of the fridge.It was both and frightening to be up there! My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
7. 解析：去掉had。考查动词。根据语境和下文的“would talk”可知，此处应该用would do结构。
8. 解析：chat改为chatted。考查时态。根据全文的整体时态可知，应用一般过去时，故改为chatted。
9. 解析：in改为on。考查介词。on the top of是固定词组，表示“在……上面”。
10. 解析：excited改为exciting。考查形容词。根据语境和主语It可知，此处表示“令人激动的”，故用－ing形式的形容词。
【命题热点突破二】 句法错误
高考英语短文改错常见的句法错误有动词的时态、语态错误，非谓语动词使用错误，主谓一致错误，名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句等三大从句出现的错误以及句子成分的赘余等。还有语气的误用，主要体现在虚拟语气的误用、主从句语气不一致等。这些错误通常与句子成分的分析紧密相关，所以难度较大。
1．动词的时态、语态错误
近几年短文改错题涉及时态的考查点通常为：
(1)一般现在时和一般过去时的混用；
(2)短文中时态的使用前后不一致；
(3)在特定语境条件下时态的误用(含有状语从句的复合句，主句用将来时态，而从句中则用一般现在时态)；
(4)有时也涉及对其他时态的考查。
语态错误主要包括：
(1)主动语态与被动语态的误用；
(2) 被动语态中be动词的遗漏；
(3)不及物动词用了被动语态。
一般来说，在高考短文改错中必有一个时态错误。
1.As I tell you last time，I made three new friends here.
解析：由后面的last time以及主句时态可知要用一般过去时态，故此处的tell改为told。
答案：tell—told
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，应注意以下几点：(1)通读全文，搞清文中动词的主体时态。然后根据上下文所用时态判断句子时态是否正确；(2)找到谓语动词的主语，弄清楚它们之间是主动还是被动关系；(3)看谓语动词后面是否有宾语，如果有宾语，则多半应为主动语态。
2．非谓语动词使用错误
非谓语动词使用错误在短文改错中较为常见。该类错误主要体现在以下几个方面：(1)动词不定式的符号to 赘余或残缺；(2)过去分词和现在分词的混用等；(3) 非谓语动词不同的时态和语态相混淆；(4)非谓语动词同谓语动词相混淆。
2.I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.
解析：enjoy后接动词时，应用其动名词形式，构成固定短语enjoy doing sth.，表示“喜欢做某事”，所以此处应用sit的动名词形式sitting。
答案：sit—sitting
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，考生要注意以下几点：(1)识别动词作谓语还是非谓语，如果简单句中已经有谓语动词，则要考虑是否应用非谓语动词；(2)掌握三种非谓语动词的基本用法；(3)注意三种非谓语动词用法的差别；(4)注意非谓语动词的时态和语态。
3．主谓一致错误
主谓一致错误是指谓语动词的形式跟主语不一致。其错误类型表现为：(1)主谓在人称或单复数上不一致；(2)在含有定语从句或强调结构中的主谓不一致方面的错误；(3)非谓语动词短语作主语或主语从句作主语时主谓不一致方面的错误。主谓一致错误也是考生在书面表达中常犯的错误，考生也通常忽略这方面的问题。
3.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky—they looked like rain!
解析：由于句子的主语为the arrows，故谓语动词要用复数形式，且此处表示过去的动作，故用were。
答案：was—were
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，考生要注意以下几点：(1)做题时要有全局观念，前后联系；(2)搞清句子结构，分析句子成分；(3)全面掌握有关主谓一致方面的规则。
4．主从句连接词误用
三大从句在短文改错中经常考查，它们的出题点常有以下几个方面：(1)三大从句之间引导词的误用；(2)定语从句引导词的误用；(3)名词性从句引导词的误用；(4)状语从句引导词的误用。
4.My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.
解析：用when/while引导时间状语从句，表示“当我打包时掉在了地上一些”，而不是在“我”打包后掉在了地上。
答案：after—when/while
【特别提醒】
在解题时要注意以下几点：(1)熟悉各种从句常用引导词的特点及用法。(2)了解不同从句的特点：①定语从句是形容词性从句，相当于形容词的用法，其功能是修饰先行词，对其性质、特征进行描述；②状语从句是副词性从句，相当于副词的用法，其功能是在复合句中作状语；③名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，一般在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语或同位语。(3)注意容易混淆的引导词的区别。
例1、(2017·全国Ⅱ)
Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.They live far from the school，and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time，they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden，that is on the rooftop of their house.They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.They have also bought for some gardening tools.Beside，they often get some useful informations from the Internet.When summer came，they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!
答案：
Mr.and Mrs.Zhang work in our school.They live far from the school，and it takes them about hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time，they are in planting vegetables in their garden， is on the rooftop of their house.They often get up and water the vegetables together.They have also bought for some gardening tools.，they often get some useful from the Internet.When summer ，they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!
1. 解析：all改为both或将all去掉。考查代词。因为主语是两个人，所以用both表示两者都，而all则表示三者或三者以上的全部。此处将all去掉也可以。
2. 解析：a改为an或one。考查冠词。因为hour的发音以元音音素开头，所以其前用an。此处也可用one表示数量“一”。
3. 解析：interesting改为interested。考查形容词。因为是描述主语they的心理状态，所以使用interested“对……感兴趣的”。
4. 解析：that改为which。考查关系代词。此处是非限制性定语从句，且关系代词在从句中作主语，指代上文的garden，所以用which来引导该定语从句。
5. 解析：earlier改为early。考查副词。此处没有比较的含义，所以用early的原级。
6. 解析：去掉for。考查介词。buy为及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，而buy sth. for sb.意为“为某人买某物”。
7. 解析：Beside改为Besides。考查副词。beside意为“在……旁”，而besides意为“此外”。
8. 解析：informations改为information。考查名词。information为不可数名词，无复数形式。
9. 解析：came改为comes。考查动词时态。因为主句部分为一般将来时态，所以此处的时间状语从句应使用一般现在时表将来意义。
10、 解析：在students后加to。考查动词的固定用法。短语invite sb.to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。
【变式探究】(2016·全国Ⅱ)
The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a good idea.It does not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot.
答案：
The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about to do during the holiday.We can between staying at home and a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden view and gain we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can/go to places of interest nearby.I that it is a good idea.It does not cost ，yet we can still learn a lot.
1. 解析：how改为what。考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，are talking about后为宾语从句，且从句中do缺少宾语，故将how改为what。
2. 解析：chose改为choose。考查情态动词的用法。情态动词后接动词原形。
8. 解析：删除can或将can改为should。考查虚拟语气。suggest意为“建议”时，其后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
9. 解析：thought改为think。考查动词的时态。全文的时态均以一般现在时为主，故此处应用一般现在时。
10. 解析：many改为much。考查代词。表示“钱”的多少时，要用much而不是many。
【举一反三】
(2016·四川)
It is Mother's Day today.Though it's a western festival，it's popular in China now.
Mom has a full－time job，so she has to do most of the houseworks.She is a great mother.Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day.We get up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping.When he came back，I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favoritest.At dinner，we said to her，“Happy Mother's Day！”Mom was grateful and moving.
答案：
It is Mother's Day today.Though it's a western festival，it's popular in China now.
Mom has a full－time job， she has to do most of the .She is a great mother.Both Dad I planned to do something on Mother's Day.We up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping.When he came back，I found a bunch of flowers in hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.The dishes what / I cooked were Mom's .At dinner，we said to her，“Happy Mother's Day！”Mom was grateful and .
1. 解析：so改为but。母亲有一份全职工作，但是她还要做大部分的家务活。根据语境可知，前后分句间为转折关系，所以用连词but。
2. 解析：houseworks改为housework。housework为不可数名词，没有复数形式。
3. 解析：or改为and。both...and...是固定用法，故用and。
4. 解析：get改为got。本文讲述的是在母亲节发生过的事，所以用一般过去时。
5. 解析：去掉on。go shopping”购物”，是固定用法。go on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”，不符合语境。
6. 解析：her改为his。此处指父亲，所以用物主代词his。
7. 解析：kitchen前加the。此处特指”我”家的厨房，故加the。
8. 解析：what改为that/which或去掉what。根据句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为The dishes，关系词在从句中作动词cooked的宾语，所以用关系代词that/which引导，关系代词在从句中作宾语时也可以省略。
9. 解析：favoritest改为favorite。favorite作名词时，意为“特别喜爱的东西”，该词作形容词时没有比较级和最高级。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词favorite。
10. 解析：moving改为moved。母亲既感激又感动。moved修饰人，moving修饰物，根据主语为Mom可知，要用moved。
【命题热点突破三】 行文逻辑错误
一、连接词误用
1．重点关注句意的连贯性和逻辑性
解决短文改错中连接词类错误，要重点关注上下句(并列句)之间的逻辑关系，弄清楚句子与句子之间的内在联系。
①句间无连词，增加连词。若两个句子之间没有句号、分号，又没有连词时，需要增加连词。
②句间多连词，删除连词。一些受汉语影响的错误，如although/though...but，because/since/as...so等，一般删除后面的连词but和so。
③遇到连词需考虑是否用错。常见的如or，but，and等。
2．掌握常用连接词的含义和用法
①and“和、而且”，表递进、并列或顺承关系；but“但是”，表转折关系；or“或者、否则”，表选择或结果。
②not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”．both...and...“……和……两者都”；not...but...“不是……而是……”。
③either...or...“或者……或者……”；neither...nor...“既不……也不……”。
④ while“而、然而”，表对比；when“就在那时”，并列连词。
⑤状语从句中从属连词：the moment/minute/as soon as/immediately/directly“一……就……”；where“……地方”；because/as/since“由于……”；so/such...that“如此……以至于……”；in case( of)“以防，以免……”；though/although“即使”；as a result/consequence (of)“结果/由于……”；what if“若是……又怎样”。
⑥therefore“因此”；besides“况且、而且”；but/except“除了”；anyway无论如何；however然而；what's more况且，而且。
二、代词误用
1．人称代词的前后一致性
人称代词的前后一致性包括指代的一致性和单复数的一致性。
2．人称代词的主格与宾格变化
主格人称代词在句中作主语，宾格人称代词多在句中作宾语。
3．物主代词的数与格
物主代词的单复数应与所代替的名词一致。形容词性物主代词多在句中作定语，修饰名词；而名词性物主代词多在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
4．反身代词的常考点
反身代词多用作介词或动词的宾语；此外，反身代词指代的一致性也是重要考点。
5．一些常见不定代词、指示代词的用法
如one...the other表示两者的“一个……另一个”；neither表示“两者都不”；either表示“两者中的一个”；none表示“三者或三者以上都不”；others＝other＋可数名词的复数。
以点带面，关注语篇
1．以逻辑关系为抓手，重点关注文意。
有些考生不注重整体把握，不关注句与句之间的关系是失分的一个重要因素。 解决语篇类错误的关键在于弄清楚短文文脉发展，研究透句与句之间的内在逻辑关系。考生要从整体上把握作者的写作思路、谋篇布局和逻辑关系。 从整体着眼，关注句意和情节发展是解决连接词类和代词类问题的关键。
2．掌握常用代词与连接词的含义和用法。
部分考生失分在于对某些代词或连接词的含义及用法把握不到位，平时应注意积累易混代词或连接词的区别。
例1、 (2017·全国Ⅲ)
When I look at this picture of myself，I realize of how fast time flies.I had grown not only physically，and also mentally in the past few years.About one month after this photo was took，I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.I enjoyed studying difference kings of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the late music albums.This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.
答案：
When I look at this picture of myself，I realize of how fast time flies.I grown not only physically， also mentally in the past few years.About one month after this photo was ，I entered my second year of high school and a new member of the school music club.Around me in picture are the things were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.I enjoyed studying kinds of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the music albums.This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of high school days.
5. 解析：become改为became。考查动词时态。“我”进入高中第二学年并成为学校音乐俱乐部的新成员这一系列动作发生在过去，所以谓语动词应用became。
6. 解析：picture前面加this或者the。考查限定词/冠词。picture作“照片”之意讲时是可数名词，因为上文已提到过这张照片，因此要用定冠词the表特指，或者用this。
7. 解析：they改为that或which。考查定语从句。things是个名词，后面接了一个定语从句，修饰先行词things，既可以用that也可以用which作关系代词。
8. 解析：difference改为different。考查形容词。名词kinds前需要形容词来修饰，因此把名词difference改为形容词different。
9. 解析：late改为latest。考查形近词辨析。结合句意，这里表示收集最新的音乐专辑，故将late改为latest。
10. 解析：your改为my。考查人称指代一致。全文介绍的是“我”的故事，因此这里应该是“我”高中时期的回忆。
【变式探究】(2016·全国Ⅲ)
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.They were also the best and worse years in my life.At the first，I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.However，my parents didn't seem to think such.They always tell me what to do and how to do it.At one time，I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.Now I am leaving home to college.At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
答案：
The teenage from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.They were also the best and years in my life.At the first，I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by .However，my parents didn't seem to think .They always me what to do and how to do it.At one time，I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be from them.I showed them I was independent by strange clothes.Now I am leaving home college.At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
1. 解析：year改为years。考查名词复数。13至19岁不止一年的年龄差，此处为复数概念，故用years。
2. 解析：worse改为worst。考查形容词最高级。句中有表示范围的in my life，同时应与前面的best保持一致。
3. 解析：删除the。考查固定搭配。at first表示“起初”。
4. 解析：yourself改为myself。考查反身代词的一致性。由前面的代词I可知，此处应用myself。
5. 解析：such改为so。考查固定搭配。由“I don't think so.”的固定表达可知，应将such改为so。
6. 解析：tell改为told。考查时态。全文中心时态为一般过去时，故应将tell改为told。
7. 解析：freely改为free。考查形容词的句法功能。系动词be后应用形容词作表语。
8. 解析：wear改为wearing。考查动名词作宾语。介词后面应用动名词形式作宾语。
9. 解析：to改为for。考查固定搭配。leave...for...表示“离开某地去某地”。
10. 解析：whenever后加I。考查句子结构。whenever为时间状语从句连词，其在此引导的从句缺了主语，根据句意可知，此处应加主语I。
【特别提醒】
在解题时要注意以下几点：(1)依据短文中的逻辑关系，准确把握词与词，句与句或段与段之间的关系；(2)分析句子结构，确定句子的类型(简单句，并列句，复合句)；(3)排除汉语影响，识别although...but或because...so 等错误。
【高考真题解读】
1.【2017·新课标I】短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
【答案】短文改错
In the summer holiday following my birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, once I started the car, my mind blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the , “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “ left!” I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes , the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a stop just in the middle the road.
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在暑假期间考驾照第一天发生的故事。
71. 【答案与解析】eighteen改为eighteenth 考查数词。在我十八岁生日后的那个暑假。eighteen意思为“十八，十八个”，表示数量， eighteenth表示“第十八个的”，故将eighteen改为eighteenth。
72 【答案与解析】first前加the或my 考查冠词。我依然记得第一天是多么艰难。句中特指开始学驾照的第一天，所以在first前加上the。也可以加上my，my first day表示“我（学驾照）的第一天”。故在first前加the或my。
73 【答案与解析】so改为but 考查连词。根据句意可知作者本以为自己已经掌握了教练的话，结果一发动车，脑中一片空白。所以前后文为转折关系。故将so改为but。
74 【答案与解析】goes改为went 考查时态。根据前文中的started可知时态为一般过去时，故将goes改为went。
77 【答案与解析】much去掉 考查固定句型。我如此紧张以至于无法分辨哪个方向是左。固定句型so...that表示“如此...以至于....”，much为多余成分。故将much去掉。
78【答案与解析】 late改为later 考查副词。做形容词的时候，later是late的比较级，如：Their deadline is quite late. Ours is even later.（他们的截止日期很迟.我们的更迟.）做副词的时候，late是迟的意思，later是稍后、随后的意思。句意：几分钟之后。故将late改为later。
79【答案与解析】 suddenly改为sudden 考查形容词。我紧急刹车。suddenly是副词，表示“意外地，忽然地”。 sudden为形容词，表示“突然的；迅速的”。a sudden stop表示“急刹车”。故将suddenly改为sudden。
80【答案与解析】 on改为of 考查介词。分析语境可知作者表示“在路中间急刹车”，on the road表示“在路上”， the middle of the road表示“路的中央”，强调的是“the middle”。故将on改为of。
2.【2017·新课标II】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Mr. and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.They live far from the school,and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time,they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden,that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.They have also bought for some gardening tools.beside,they often get some useful informations from the internet.When summer came,they will invite their students pick the vegetables！
【解析】考查记叙文，本文主要讲了张先生和张太太的日常工作和生活。
1.all改为both：考查both和all的用法，both的主语是两个，而all的主语是三个或者三个以上，故将all改为both.
2.a改为an或one：考查冠词，因为hour音标的首字母是元音，所以应用an,故将a改为an或者one.
3.interesting改为interested：考查形容词，由于此句的主语是人，而interesting的主语是物，故将interesting改为interested.
4.that改为which:考查非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句需要用which引导，故将that改为which.
5.earlier改为early：考查副词，earlier是形容词比较级，不能修饰动词get up, 故将earlier改为early.
6.将for去掉：考查动词，bought是及物动词，后无需跟介词，故将for去掉.
7.beside改为besides：考查连接词，beside是介词，“在……旁边”，而这里需要一个连接词，故将beside改为besides.
考点：考查短文改错
3.【2017·新课标III】短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I look at this picture of myself. I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically.and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time,car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kings of cars and planes,playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.
【答案及其解析】
71.删除of。句意：当我自己看着这张照片时。根据句意可知删除of。
72.had→have。句意：在过去的几年里，我的身心都成长了很多。根据时间状语in the past few years，可知应该用现在完成时，故had→have。
73.and→but。考查固定结构not only… but also不仅…而且。故and→but。
74. 答案 took→taken 考查动词。根据句意可知此处表示被动含义，故把took改为taken。
78. difference→different 考查形容词。修饰名词kinds应该用形容词形式。
79. late →latest考查形容词最高级。
根据句意可知此处指最新的音乐唱片，故把late改为latest。
80. your→my 考查代词 。
根据句意可知此处是我高中时代生活的美好回忆，故把your改为my。
1.【2016·全国新课标I】短文改错（10 分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that 1 live .Though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our area .It is always crowded with customers at meal times .Some people even had to wait outside My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.
【答案】
1. that →where 2. but去掉 3. had →have 4. honest→ honesty 5. or→ and
6. using →used 7. becoming前加of 8. the →a 9. our→ his 10. stead→steadily
3. had →have 考查动词时态。 文章是介绍现在的情况，应该用一般现在时。
4. honest→ honesty 考查名词。此处是指诚实是他成功的秘诀，用名词形式。 而形容词honest意思是“诚实的”，是指人的性格特点。
考点：考查短文改错
2.【2016·全国新课标II】短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；???
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden you view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.
【答案】
1.how改为what 2.chose改为choose 3.take改为taking4.but改为and 5.about后加the
6.your改为our7.knowledges改为knowledge8.删除can或can改为should
9.thought改为think 10.many改为much
【解析】考查记叙文，“我”和同学们对暑假的旅游计划的讨论。
6.your改为our 考查代词。应该使用our与本句的主语we保持一致。句意：如果我们出国旅游，我们就拓宽视野并学到书本上学不到的知识。
7.knowledges改为knowledge 考查名词单复数。本句中名词knowledge是不可数名词，没有复数形式。
8.删除can或can改为should 考查虚拟语气。动词suggest作为建议的时候，后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”,所以本句可以删除can或can改为should。
9.thought改为think 考查时态。本文介绍我和同学们商量暑假旅游的事情，全文以一般现在时为主，所以本句使用现在时think。
10.many改为much 考查代词。本句中代词much代替不可数名词much money作为动词cost的宾语，而many通常代替可数名词复数形式。
考点：考查短文改错
3.【2016·全国新课标III】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . They were also the best and worse years in my life . At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time , I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
【答案】
51.year—years
52.worse—worst
53.the去掉
54.yourself—myself
55.such—so
56.tell—told
57.freely—free
58.wear—wearing
59.to—for
60.I ∧need
55.such—so考查so/such的用法。 my parents didn’t seem to think so我的父母似乎不这样认为，so指代上一句的内容，故把such改为so。
56.tell—told考查时态。通篇回忆过去的事情，使用的一般过去时，故把tell改为told。
57.freely—free考查形容词副词。be后跟形容词构成系表结构，be free from...摆脱......，不受......的影响，故把freely改为free。
58.wear—wearing考查固定搭配。by是介词，意为“通过”，后跟名词／代词或动名词，故把wear改为wearing。
考点：名词；形容词；代词；介词；最高级；固定搭配；时态
4.【2016·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
It is Mother’s Day today.Though it’s a western festival, it’s popular in China now.
Mom has a full-time job,so she has to do most of the houseworks.She is a great mother.Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother’s Day.We get up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house,and then went on shopping.When he came back,I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favoritiest.At dinner,we said to her,“Happy Mother’s Day！”Mom was grateful and moving.
【答案】 1.so---but 2.houseworks---housework 3.or---and 4.get---got 5.去掉on 6.her---his
7.在in和kitchen之间加the 8.what---that/which(或去掉what) 9.favoritest---favorite 10.moving---moved
考点：考查短文改错
5.【2016·浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删减或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多着（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late. Every time he arrived home at end of the day ,we’d greet het at the door. He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us, Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers. While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge. It was both excited and frightening to be up there！
My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
When?I?was?a?very?young?children,my?father?created?a?regular?practice?I?r
child
emember?well?years?late.Every?time?he?arrived?home?at?∧end?of?the?day?,
later the
we’d?greet?herat?the?door.He?would?ask?who?we?was?and?pretend?not?to?knowing?
him were know
us,Then?he?and?my?mother?would?have?had?a?drink?while?she?prepared?dinner?and?they?would?talk?about?his?day?and?hers.While?they?chat,my?father?would?lift?my?sister?and?
chatted
me?up?to?sit?in?the?top?of?the?fridge.It?was?both?excited?and?frightening?to?be?up?there！
on exciting
66.【答案】children改成child
考点：考查名词单复数
67.【答案】late改成later
【解析】
试题分析： late是形容词“迟的”，或副词“迟地”，但是“一段时间后面应该接later”，表示“……时间以后”。故late改成later。
考点：考查副词
68.【答案】at后面加the
考点：考查冠词
69.【答案】her改成him
【解析】
试题分析： 根据上文可知我们每天在门口迎接爸爸。用him指代my father，作greet的宾语。故her改成him。
考点：考查代词
70.【答案】was改成were
【解析】
试题分析： 这句话的主语是we，谓语用复数，而且这篇文章是作者回忆小时候的事情，用一般过去时。故was改成were。
考点：考查主谓一致
71.【答案】knowing改成know
【解析】
试题分析：pretend后面接不定式作宾语，这里是否定式pretend not to do。故knowing改成know。
考点：考查动词不定式
72.【答案】去掉had
【解析】
试题分析：句意：他和我妈妈会喝些东西。这里不是虚拟语气，不能用would have done，用would do表示“过去常常做”。故去掉had。
考点：考查动词形式
73.【答案】chat改成chatted
【解析】
试题分析：根据主句内容my?father?would?lift?my?sister?可知while引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。故chat改成chatted。
考点：考查动词时态
74.【答案】in改成on
考点：考查介词
75.【答案】excited改成exciting
【解析】
试题分析：这句话的主语是形式主语it，真正的主语是to be up there，主语是物的时候，表语应该用现在分词形式的形容词。故excited改成exciting。
Passage 1 (2015·新课标全国Ⅰ)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean or the mountains are green.Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We must found ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so，we'll live to regret it.
答案
When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean the mountains are green.Unfortunately， the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very problem.The we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. rare animals are dying out.We must ways to protect environment.If we fail to do so，we'll live to regret it.
1.解析 考查动词的时态。根据前面一句可知，这是发生在小时候的事情，故用一般过去时态。
答案 第2句：think→thought
2.解析 考查冠词的用法。in the countryside (在乡村)为固定短语。
答案 第3句：countryside前加the
3.解析 考查并列词的用法。那儿的空气洁净，群山葱绿。由句意可知两个分句之间显然为并列关系，而非选择关系。
答案 第4句：or→and
4.解析 考查介词的用法。with the development of...为一固定短语，意思是“随着……的发展”。
答案 第5句：on→with
5.解析 考查被动语态的用法。众多研究表明，全球变暖已经成为一个十分严重的问题。由句意可知，studies和谓语show之间为主动关系，故要用主动语态。
答案 第6句：去掉been
6.解析 考查形容词的用法。修饰名词problem应当用形容词。
答案 第6句：seriously→serious
7.解析 考查不可数名词的用法。air作“空气”讲时为不可数名词。
答案 第7句：airs→air
8.解析 考查代词的用法。Animals为可数名词复数，故用many。
答案 第8句：Much→Many
Passage 2 (2015·新课标全国Ⅱ)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begun to cry.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.Mom said，“How nice to see you again！Dad and I were terrible worried.”Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
答案
One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his .It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy a shop window.He liked it so much that he quickly walked into the shop.After at the toy for some time，he turned around and found his parents were missing.Tony was scared and to cry.A woman saw him crying and him to wait outside shop.Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.Mom said，“How nice to see you again！Dad and I were worried.”Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
答案 第4句： 去掉very
4.解析 考查省略的用法。After之后省去了主语he，he与look at之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应当用现在分词。
答案 第5句： looks→looking
5.解析 考查宾语从句连接词的用法。动词found之后为宾语从句，从句为系表结构，意思完整，故将where去掉或改为没有词义且不作成分的that。
答案 第5句： 去掉where或where→that
6.解析 考查并列谓语的用法。由句子结构可知，begin与was scared并列，因此，要用一般过去时。
答案 第6句：begun→began
7.解析 考查并列谓语的用法。有一位妇女看到他哭泣就告诉他去商店外面等。由句意可知，tell这一动作是这个妇女发出的，应当与saw构成并列谓语。故改用told。
答案 第7句：telling→told
8.解析 考查冠词的用法。表示谈话双方共知的名词前要用定冠词。
答案 第7句：a→the
9.解析 考查物主代词的用法。根据句意及英语表达习惯，应当在parents前加上与主语相一致的物主代词。
答案 第8句：saw后加his
10.解析 考查副词的用法。形容词worried之前要用副词来修饰。
答案 第10句：terrible→terribly
Passage 3 (2015·四川)
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每句不超过两个错误；
2.每处错误及其修改均仅限一次；
3.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Hi, Janice，
It's been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.
As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here.We hang out together during lunch and after school.We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.It's been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many.And I started to see this as a time－wasting activity! In fact，I don't like to go anymore, so I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship.How do you think I should do? If you are me，would you talk to him?
Please help with me and give me some advice.
Grace
答案
Hi, Janice，
It's been a month since I came to this new school and I really want ∧to share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.
As I you last time, I made three new here.We hang out together during lunch and after school.We've been spending a lot of time in karaoke bars.It's been three Saturdays now and it really costs me .And I started to see this as a time－wasting activity! In fact，I don't like to go anymore, I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship. do you think I should do? If you me，would you talk to ？
Please help me and give me some advice.
Grace
1.解析 考查动词want的用法，want后用不定式作状语，故加上to。
答案 want后加to
2.解析 考查时态。根据时间状语last time可知，此句需用一般过去时，故把tell改成told。句意：正如我上次告诉你的那样。
答案 tell→told
3.解析 考查名词的复数。名词friend为可数名词，其前有three修饰，需要用复数形式，故把friend改成friends。句意：我在这儿交了三个新朋友。
答案 friend→friends
4.解析 考查动名词作宾语。本句考查句型spend...(in)doing sth结构，故把sing改成singing。
答案 sing→singing
5.解析 考查代词。根据句意，指的是花费很多钱，故用much而非many。句意：那真的花费很多。
答案 many→much
6.解析 考查连词。上一分句句意：我不想再去；下一分句句意：我怕失去他们的友谊，两个分句之间有转折关系，故把so改成but。
答案 so→but
7.解析 考查疑问词的选择。本句中do之后缺少宾语，故用what。
答案 How→What
8.解析 考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知，此处为虚拟语气，与现在事实不符，故把are改成were。句意：如果你是我，……。
答案 are→were
9.解析 考查代词。根据上文可知，作者交了三个朋友，故用them。句意：你会和他们说吗？
答案 him→them
10.解析 考查动词。动词help为及物动词，其后接宾语时无需加介词，故去掉with。句意：请帮帮我，给我一些建议。
答案 去掉with
Passage 4 (2015·陕西)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线( )，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My soccer coach retired in last week.I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.My mum makes the better biscuits in the world，so I decide to ask her for help.Mum taught me some basic step of baking.I insisted on doing most of the baking myself.I thought the biscuits were really well.My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.
At a party，my coach，with a biscuit in his mouth，asked surprisingly who made them and joked，“I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!
答案
My soccer coach retired last week.I wanted to do special for him at his retirement party.My mum makes the biscuits in the world，so I to ask her for help.Mum taught me some basic of baking.I insisted on doing most of the baking myself.I thought the biscuits were really .My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor I was packing them up.
At party，my coach，with a biscuit in his mouth，asked surprisingly who made them and joked，“I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me the biscuits with happy laughter!
4.解析 全文的时态都是一般过去时，故把decide改为decided。
答案 decide→decided
5.解析 根据前面的some，step应该是复数形式。
答案 step→steps
6.解析 作表语的是形容词good，well是副词，作状语。
答案 well→good
7.解析 我唯一所犯的错误就是当我包装饼干的时候，掉在地上一些。when/while当……的时候，after 在……之后。
答案 after→when/while
8.解析 此处表特指，at the party 在晚会上。
答案 a→the
9.解析 动词不定式表示目的，我也许得再退休一次，能吃到更多的饼干。
答案 just后加to
10.解析 and连接两个并列的(动)名词，enjoy是动词，所以改成enjoying。
答案 enjoy→enjoying
高考短文改错主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性，着重考查考生的语言基本功，即：考查考生的词、句、篇和语法的综合水平。其设置的考点灵活多变，知识层次多，覆盖面广，涉及词汇、句法、语篇等方面的语言知识和语意逻辑的运用以及综合辨析能力，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。它是针对考生平时学习英语过程中，尤其是写作中常犯的错误而设计的，所以在考生平时写作中常出现的错误是短文改错考查的重点。
【命题热点突破一】词法错误
词法错误类设错在短文改错题中占很大的比例，考生需要特别注意。对于这类题，考生要仔细分析句子成分，细心观察，并在平时学习过程中多积累语言知识。错误类型通常有以下几种：冠词使用不当，名词的单复数使用错误，形容词与副词的混用，代词的误用，介词的误用等。
1. 冠词使用不当
冠词错用在高考短文改错中极为常见。从高考英语短文改错题的命题角度来看，通常从以下几个方面设题：(1)不定冠词a和an的混用；(2)可数名词单数前遗漏不定冠词；(3)不可数名词或表示类别的复数名词前加不定冠词；(4)定冠词和不定冠词的混用；(5)某些习语或固定搭配中冠词的误用。
1. A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，考生应注意以下几点：(1)分清名词的可数与不可数；(2)分清名词的泛指与特指；(3)熟悉特殊类别的名词前定冠词的用法；(4)熟记固定结构中冠词的使用情况。
2.名词的单复数使用错误
近几年高考短文改错对名词的考查主要是名词的单复数。通常从以下几个方面设题：(1) 可数名词单复数的混淆；(2)不可数名词错用了复数形式的情况；(3) 单复数同形的名词的误用；(4)名词的所有格误用。
2.One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent...his parents were missing.
解析：考查名词复数。由后面句中的“his parents were missing.”可知托尼是和爸爸妈妈一起去购物的，因此应用复数形式。
答案：parent—parents
【特别提醒】
(1)注意名词前表示数量概念的修饰语和名词后的谓语等线索，判断名词的单复数形式。(2)一般来说，单数可数名词前必须有冠词，否则就应该是复数形式。(3)熟悉常见的表示数量概念的短语，牢记其修饰的是可数名词还是不可数名词。常见的修饰可数名词的单词或短语有：many，few，a number of，a few；常见的修饰不可数名词的单词或短语有：much，little，an amount of，a great/good deal of；常见的既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词的短语有：a lot of/lots of，plenty of，a quantity/quantities of。
(4)熟悉名词两种名词所有格(’s所有格和of所有格)的用法。(5)熟悉双重所有格的用法。当a(n)，this，these，that，some，any，no ...等与名词所有格修饰同一名词时，两者不能同时放在该名词前面，要用双重所有格表示，即a(this，that ...)＋名词＋of＋名词所有格，如a daughter of Mrs.Brown’s。
3．形容词与副词的混用
此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：(1)形容词和副词的混用，是短文改错中常见的考点之一；(2)比较级和最高级的混用或误用；(3)比较级和最高级修饰语的误用。
3. Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
解析：考查副词的用法。形容词worried之前要用副词来修饰。
答案：terrible—terribly
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，考生应注意以下几点：(1)搞清形容词或副词在句中充当的成分及其所修饰的词语，判断是否存在误用情况。形容词修饰名词，在句中充当定语、表语或补足语；副词修饰形容词、动词或整个句子，在句中充当状语。(2)熟悉某些特殊形式的比较级和最高级，比如good—better—best，little—less—least 等。(3)熟悉常见的比较结构，如as ...as 同级比较、the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...等。
4．代词的误用
此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：(1)代词指代的人或事物前后不一致的错误；(2) 代词的单复数误用等；(3)“it” 一词的不当使用(包括用于从句中作形式主语或形式宾语)；(4)不定代词或反身代词的误用。
4.Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.
解析：考查代词的错用。代替前面的单数名词a beautiful park要用it。
答案：them—it
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，考生应注意以下几点：(1)掌握各类代词的基本用法，包括人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词以及代词的各种格，如主格、宾格等。(2)明确代词在文中所指代的对象，不受各种插入语干扰。(3)记住一些特殊用法的代词，如it可作形式主语或形式宾语；one，that和those可以用来代替前面提到的名词等。
5．介词的误用
介词在句中不能单独使用，而必须和另外的词放在一起构成短语后才可以充当独立的句子成分。此类改错题主要考查介词的意义、用法及固定搭配。介词的误用主要有以下几种情况：(1)介词与其他各类词的搭配错误；(2)涉及动词时，如果动词是及物动词，其后直接接宾语，不需要介词，如果其后有介词，那这个介词就是多余的；(3)而不及物动词不可以直接接宾语，如果接宾语需借助于恰当的介词，如果缺少了这个介词，就会出现错误。
5.My old classroom was interesting because three sides of the classroom were made from glass.
解析：此处表示的是“教室的三面是由玻璃制成的”，从制成品中可以看出原材料，应用be made of结构，所以应将from改为of。
答案：from→of
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，考生应注意以下几点：(1)平时多积累、总结介词的用法；(2)注意动词与介词、名词与介词、形容词与介词等习惯搭配中的介词；(3)注意介词短语、动词短语等固定短语中的介词；(4)不同的介词与动词搭配构成的动词短语含义不同；(5)不及物动词后面不能直接跟宾语，若跟宾语，后面必须加上相应的介词。
例1、(2017·全国Ⅰ)
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday，I took driving lessons.I still remember how hard first day was.Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor's orders，so once I started the car，my mind goes blank.I forgot what he had said to me altogether.The instructor kept repeating the word，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.A few minutes late，the instructor asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
答案：
In the summer holiday following my birthday，I took driving lessons.I still remember how hard first day was.Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor's orders， once I started the car，my mind blank.I forgot what he had said to me altogether.The instructor kept repeating the ，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “ left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.A few minutes ，the instructor asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a stop just in the middle the road.
5. 解析：word改为words。考查名词的数。根据下文可知，教练发出了很多指令，故用word的复数形式words。
6. 解析：Turning改为Turn。考查谓语动词。此处为祈使句，并和上文中的“Speed up”和“Slow down”并列，故改为动词原形Turn。
7. 解析：删除so后的much。考查固定句型。此处含有“so...that...”引导的结果状语从句，句中的much多余，故删除。
8. 解析：late改为later。考查副词。late意为“迟，晚”。“一段时间＋later”表示“一段时间之后”，故把late改为later。
9. 解析：suddenly改为sudden。考查形容词。该句中的名词stop应用形容词修饰，所以把suddenly改为sudden。
10. 解析：on改为of。考查固定搭配。in the middle of意为“在……的中间”，故把on改为of。
【变式探究】(2016·全国Ⅰ)
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.Instead，he hopes that our business will grow steady.
答案：
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to I live.Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is .Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreamsbecoming rich in short period of time.Instead，he hopes that business will grow .
1. 解析：that→where。考查宾语从句。此处表达的是“靠近我所居住的地方”，故需将that改为where。where在此引导宾语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。
5. 解析：or→and。考查并列连词。根据语境可知，此处不是表示选择关系，而是表示“新鲜的蔬菜和优质的油”，故把or改为and。
6. 解析：using→used。考查被动语态。fresh vegetables和high quality oil与use之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态。
7. 解析：becoming前加of。考查介词。dream of doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”。
8. 解析：the→a。考查冠词。此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词a，in a short period of time意为“短期内”。
9. 解析：our→his。考查代词。由语境及主语he可知，此处指的是叔叔的生意，故将our改为his才合乎语境。
10. 解析：steady→steadily。考查副词。修饰动词grow该用副词，所以应用steady的副词形式steadily。
【举一反三】(2016·浙江卷)
When I was a very young children，my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.Every time he arrived home at end of the day，we'd greet her at the door.He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they chat，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.It was both excited and frightening to be up there！My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
答案：
When I was a very young ，my father created a regular practice I remember well years .Every time he arrived home at end of the day，we'd greet at the door.He would ask who we and pretend not to us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they ，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit the top of the fridge.It was both and frightening to be up there! My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
7. 解析：去掉had。考查动词。根据语境和下文的“would talk”可知，此处应该用would do结构。
8. 解析：chat改为chatted。考查时态。根据全文的整体时态可知，应用一般过去时，故改为chatted。
9. 解析：in改为on。考查介词。on the top of是固定词组，表示“在……上面”。
10. 解析：excited改为exciting。考查形容词。根据语境和主语It可知，此处表示“令人激动的”，故用－ing形式的形容词。
【命题热点突破二】 句法错误
高考英语短文改错常见的句法错误有动词的时态、语态错误，非谓语动词使用错误，主谓一致错误，名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句等三大从句出现的错误以及句子成分的赘余等。还有语气的误用，主要体现在虚拟语气的误用、主从句语气不一致等。这些错误通常与句子成分的分析紧密相关，所以难度较大。
1．动词的时态、语态错误
近几年短文改错题涉及时态的考查点通常为：
(1)一般现在时和一般过去时的混用；
(2)短文中时态的使用前后不一致；
(3)在特定语境条件下时态的误用(含有状语从句的复合句，主句用将来时态，而从句中则用一般现在时态)；
(4)有时也涉及对其他时态的考查。
语态错误主要包括：
(1)主动语态与被动语态的误用；
(2) 被动语态中be动词的遗漏；
(3)不及物动词用了被动语态。
一般来说，在高考短文改错中必有一个时态错误。
1.As I tell you last time，I made three new friends here.
解析：由后面的last time以及主句时态可知要用一般过去时态，故此处的tell改为told。
答案：tell—told
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，应注意以下几点：(1)通读全文，搞清文中动词的主体时态。然后根据上下文所用时态判断句子时态是否正确；(2)找到谓语动词的主语，弄清楚它们之间是主动还是被动关系；(3)看谓语动词后面是否有宾语，如果有宾语，则多半应为主动语态。
2．非谓语动词使用错误
非谓语动词使用错误在短文改错中较为常见。该类错误主要体现在以下几个方面：(1)动词不定式的符号to 赘余或残缺；(2)过去分词和现在分词的混用等；(3) 非谓语动词不同的时态和语态相混淆；(4)非谓语动词同谓语动词相混淆。
2.I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.
解析：enjoy后接动词时，应用其动名词形式，构成固定短语enjoy doing sth.，表示“喜欢做某事”，所以此处应用sit的动名词形式sitting。
答案：sit—sitting
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，考生要注意以下几点：(1)识别动词作谓语还是非谓语，如果简单句中已经有谓语动词，则要考虑是否应用非谓语动词；(2)掌握三种非谓语动词的基本用法；(3)注意三种非谓语动词用法的差别；(4)注意非谓语动词的时态和语态。
3．主谓一致错误
主谓一致错误是指谓语动词的形式跟主语不一致。其错误类型表现为：(1)主谓在人称或单复数上不一致；(2)在含有定语从句或强调结构中的主谓不一致方面的错误；(3)非谓语动词短语作主语或主语从句作主语时主谓不一致方面的错误。主谓一致错误也是考生在书面表达中常犯的错误，考生也通常忽略这方面的问题。
3.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky—they looked like rain!
解析：由于句子的主语为the arrows，故谓语动词要用复数形式，且此处表示过去的动作，故用were。
答案：was—were
【特别提醒】
要识别这类错误，考生要注意以下几点：(1)做题时要有全局观念，前后联系；(2)搞清句子结构，分析句子成分；(3)全面掌握有关主谓一致方面的规则。
4．主从句连接词误用
三大从句在短文改错中经常考查，它们的出题点常有以下几个方面：(1)三大从句之间引导词的误用；(2)定语从句引导词的误用；(3)名词性从句引导词的误用；(4)状语从句引导词的误用。
4.My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.
解析：用when/while引导时间状语从句，表示“当我打包时掉在了地上一些”，而不是在“我”打包后掉在了地上。
答案：after—when/while
【特别提醒】
在解题时要注意以下几点：(1)熟悉各种从句常用引导词的特点及用法。(2)了解不同从句的特点：①定语从句是形容词性从句，相当于形容词的用法，其功能是修饰先行词，对其性质、特征进行描述；②状语从句是副词性从句，相当于副词的用法，其功能是在复合句中作状语；③名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，一般在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语或同位语。(3)注意容易混淆的引导词的区别。
例1、(2017·全国Ⅱ)
Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.They live far from the school，and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time，they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden，that is on the rooftop of their house.They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.They have also bought for some gardening tools.Beside，they often get some useful informations from the Internet.When summer came，they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!
答案：
Mr.and Mrs.Zhang work in our school.They live far from the school，and it takes them about hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time，they are in planting vegetables in their garden， is on the rooftop of their house.They often get up and water the vegetables together.They have also bought for some gardening tools.，they often get some useful from the Internet.When summer ，they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!
1. 解析：all改为both或将all去掉。考查代词。因为主语是两个人，所以用both表示两者都，而all则表示三者或三者以上的全部。此处将all去掉也可以。
2. 解析：a改为an或one。考查冠词。因为hour的发音以元音音素开头，所以其前用an。此处也可用one表示数量“一”。
3. 解析：interesting改为interested。考查形容词。因为是描述主语they的心理状态，所以使用interested“对……感兴趣的”。
4. 解析：that改为which。考查关系代词。此处是非限制性定语从句，且关系代词在从句中作主语，指代上文的garden，所以用which来引导该定语从句。
5. 解析：earlier改为early。考查副词。此处没有比较的含义，所以用early的原级。
6. 解析：去掉for。考查介词。buy为及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，而buy sth. for sb.意为“为某人买某物”。
7. 解析：Beside改为Besides。考查副词。beside意为“在……旁”，而besides意为“此外”。
8. 解析：informations改为information。考查名词。information为不可数名词，无复数形式。
9. 解析：came改为comes。考查动词时态。因为主句部分为一般将来时态，所以此处的时间状语从句应使用一般现在时表将来意义。
10、 解析：在students后加to。考查动词的固定用法。短语invite sb.to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。
【变式探究】(2016·全国Ⅱ)
The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a good idea.It does not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot.
答案：
The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about to do during the holiday.We can between staying at home and a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden view and gain we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can/go to places of interest nearby.I that it is a good idea.It does not cost ，yet we can still learn a lot.
1. 解析：how改为what。考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，are talking about后为宾语从句，且从句中do缺少宾语，故将how改为what。
2. 解析：chose改为choose。考查情态动词的用法。情态动词后接动词原形。
8. 解析：删除can或将can改为should。考查虚拟语气。suggest意为“建议”时，其后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
9. 解析：thought改为think。考查动词的时态。全文的时态均以一般现在时为主，故此处应用一般现在时。
10. 解析：many改为much。考查代词。表示“钱”的多少时，要用much而不是many。
【举一反三】
(2016·四川)
It is Mother's Day today.Though it's a western festival，it's popular in China now.
Mom has a full－time job，so she has to do most of the houseworks.She is a great mother.Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day.We get up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping.When he came back，I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favoritest.At dinner，we said to her，“Happy Mother's Day！”Mom was grateful and moving.
答案：
It is Mother's Day today.Though it's a western festival，it's popular in China now.
Mom has a full－time job， she has to do most of the .She is a great mother.Both Dad I planned to do something on Mother's Day.We up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping.When he came back，I found a bunch of flowers in hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.The dishes what / I cooked were Mom's .At dinner，we said to her，“Happy Mother's Day！”Mom was grateful and .
1. 解析：so改为but。母亲有一份全职工作，但是她还要做大部分的家务活。根据语境可知，前后分句间为转折关系，所以用连词but。
2. 解析：houseworks改为housework。housework为不可数名词，没有复数形式。
3. 解析：or改为and。both...and...是固定用法，故用and。
4. 解析：get改为got。本文讲述的是在母亲节发生过的事，所以用一般过去时。
5. 解析：去掉on。go shopping”购物”，是固定用法。go on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”，不符合语境。
6. 解析：her改为his。此处指父亲，所以用物主代词his。
7. 解析：kitchen前加the。此处特指”我”家的厨房，故加the。
8. 解析：what改为that/which或去掉what。根据句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为The dishes，关系词在从句中作动词cooked的宾语，所以用关系代词that/which引导，关系代词在从句中作宾语时也可以省略。
9. 解析：favoritest改为favorite。favorite作名词时，意为“特别喜爱的东西”，该词作形容词时没有比较级和最高级。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词favorite。
10. 解析：moving改为moved。母亲既感激又感动。moved修饰人，moving修饰物，根据主语为Mom可知，要用moved。
【命题热点突破三】 行文逻辑错误
一、连接词误用
1．重点关注句意的连贯性和逻辑性
解决短文改错中连接词类错误，要重点关注上下句(并列句)之间的逻辑关系，弄清楚句子与句子之间的内在联系。
①句间无连词，增加连词。若两个句子之间没有句号、分号，又没有连词时，需要增加连词。
②句间多连词，删除连词。一些受汉语影响的错误，如although/though...but，because/since/as...so等，一般删除后面的连词but和so。
③遇到连词需考虑是否用错。常见的如or，but，and等。
2．掌握常用连接词的含义和用法
①and“和、而且”，表递进、并列或顺承关系；but“但是”，表转折关系；or“或者、否则”，表选择或结果。
②not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”．both...and...“……和……两者都”；not...but...“不是……而是……”。
③either...or...“或者……或者……”；neither...nor...“既不……也不……”。
④ while“而、然而”，表对比；when“就在那时”，并列连词。
⑤状语从句中从属连词：the moment/minute/as soon as/immediately/directly“一……就……”；where“……地方”；because/as/since“由于……”；so/such...that“如此……以至于……”；in case( of)“以防，以免……”；though/although“即使”；as a result/consequence (of)“结果/由于……”；what if“若是……又怎样”。
⑥therefore“因此”；besides“况且、而且”；but/except“除了”；anyway无论如何；however然而；what's more况且，而且。
二、代词误用
1．人称代词的前后一致性
人称代词的前后一致性包括指代的一致性和单复数的一致性。
2．人称代词的主格与宾格变化
主格人称代词在句中作主语，宾格人称代词多在句中作宾语。
3．物主代词的数与格
物主代词的单复数应与所代替的名词一致。形容词性物主代词多在句中作定语，修饰名词；而名词性物主代词多在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
4．反身代词的常考点
反身代词多用作介词或动词的宾语；此外，反身代词指代的一致性也是重要考点。
5．一些常见不定代词、指示代词的用法
如one...the other表示两者的“一个……另一个”；neither表示“两者都不”；either表示“两者中的一个”；none表示“三者或三者以上都不”；others＝other＋可数名词的复数。
以点带面，关注语篇
1．以逻辑关系为抓手，重点关注文意。
有些考生不注重整体把握，不关注句与句之间的关系是失分的一个重要因素。 解决语篇类错误的关键在于弄清楚短文文脉发展，研究透句与句之间的内在逻辑关系。考生要从整体上把握作者的写作思路、谋篇布局和逻辑关系。 从整体着眼，关注句意和情节发展是解决连接词类和代词类问题的关键。
2．掌握常用代词与连接词的含义和用法。
部分考生失分在于对某些代词或连接词的含义及用法把握不到位，平时应注意积累易混代词或连接词的区别。
例1、 (2017·全国Ⅲ)
When I look at this picture of myself，I realize of how fast time flies.I had grown not only physically，and also mentally in the past few years.About one month after this photo was took，I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.I enjoyed studying difference kings of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the late music albums.This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.
答案：
When I look at this picture of myself，I realize of how fast time flies.I grown not only physically， also mentally in the past few years.About one month after this photo was ，I entered my second year of high school and a new member of the school music club.Around me in picture are the things were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.I enjoyed studying kinds of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the music albums.This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of high school days.
5. 解析：become改为became。考查动词时态。“我”进入高中第二学年并成为学校音乐俱乐部的新成员这一系列动作发生在过去，所以谓语动词应用became。
6. 解析：picture前面加this或者the。考查限定词/冠词。picture作“照片”之意讲时是可数名词，因为上文已提到过这张照片，因此要用定冠词the表特指，或者用this。
7. 解析：they改为that或which。考查定语从句。things是个名词，后面接了一个定语从句，修饰先行词things，既可以用that也可以用which作关系代词。
8. 解析：difference改为different。考查形容词。名词kinds前需要形容词来修饰，因此把名词difference改为形容词different。
9. 解析：late改为latest。考查形近词辨析。结合句意，这里表示收集最新的音乐专辑，故将late改为latest。
10. 解析：your改为my。考查人称指代一致。全文介绍的是“我”的故事，因此这里应该是“我”高中时期的回忆。
【变式探究】(2016·全国Ⅲ)
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.They were also the best and worse years in my life.At the first，I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.However，my parents didn't seem to think such.They always tell me what to do and how to do it.At one time，I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.Now I am leaving home to college.At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
答案：
The teenage from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.They were also the best and years in my life.At the first，I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by .However，my parents didn't seem to think .They always me what to do and how to do it.At one time，I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be from them.I showed them I was independent by strange clothes.Now I am leaving home college.At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
1. 解析：year改为years。考查名词复数。13至19岁不止一年的年龄差，此处为复数概念，故用years。
2. 解析：worse改为worst。考查形容词最高级。句中有表示范围的in my life，同时应与前面的best保持一致。
3. 解析：删除the。考查固定搭配。at first表示“起初”。
4. 解析：yourself改为myself。考查反身代词的一致性。由前面的代词I可知，此处应用myself。
5. 解析：such改为so。考查固定搭配。由“I don't think so.”的固定表达可知，应将such改为so。
6. 解析：tell改为told。考查时态。全文中心时态为一般过去时，故应将tell改为told。
7. 解析：freely改为free。考查形容词的句法功能。系动词be后应用形容词作表语。
8. 解析：wear改为wearing。考查动名词作宾语。介词后面应用动名词形式作宾语。
9. 解析：to改为for。考查固定搭配。leave...for...表示“离开某地去某地”。
10. 解析：whenever后加I。考查句子结构。whenever为时间状语从句连词，其在此引导的从句缺了主语，根据句意可知，此处应加主语I。
【特别提醒】
在解题时要注意以下几点：(1)依据短文中的逻辑关系，准确把握词与词，句与句或段与段之间的关系；(2)分析句子结构，确定句子的类型(简单句，并列句，复合句)；(3)排除汉语影响，识别although...but或because...so 等错误。
【高考真题解读】
1.【2017·新课标I】短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
【答案】短文改错
In the summer holiday following my birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, once I started the car, my mind blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the , “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “ left!” I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes , the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a stop just in the middle the road.
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在暑假期间考驾照第一天发生的故事。
71. 【答案与解析】eighteen改为eighteenth 考查数词。在我十八岁生日后的那个暑假。eighteen意思为“十八，十八个”，表示数量， eighteenth表示“第十八个的”，故将eighteen改为eighteenth。
72 【答案与解析】first前加the或my 考查冠词。我依然记得第一天是多么艰难。句中特指开始学驾照的第一天，所以在first前加上the。也可以加上my，my first day表示“我（学驾照）的第一天”。故在first前加the或my。
73 【答案与解析】so改为but 考查连词。根据句意可知作者本以为自己已经掌握了教练的话，结果一发动车，脑中一片空白。所以前后文为转折关系。故将so改为but。
74 【答案与解析】goes改为went 考查时态。根据前文中的started可知时态为一般过去时，故将goes改为went。
77 【答案与解析】much去掉 考查固定句型。我如此紧张以至于无法分辨哪个方向是左。固定句型so...that表示“如此...以至于....”，much为多余成分。故将much去掉。
78【答案与解析】 late改为later 考查副词。做形容词的时候，later是late的比较级，如：Their deadline is quite late. Ours is even later.（他们的截止日期很迟.我们的更迟.）做副词的时候，late是迟的意思，later是稍后、随后的意思。句意：几分钟之后。故将late改为later。
79【答案与解析】 suddenly改为sudden 考查形容词。我紧急刹车。suddenly是副词，表示“意外地，忽然地”。 sudden为形容词，表示“突然的；迅速的”。a sudden stop表示“急刹车”。故将suddenly改为sudden。
80【答案与解析】 on改为of 考查介词。分析语境可知作者表示“在路中间急刹车”，on the road表示“在路上”， the middle of the road表示“路的中央”，强调的是“the middle”。故将on改为of。
2.【2017·新课标II】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Mr. and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.They live far from the school,and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time,they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden,that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.They have also bought for some gardening tools.beside,they often get some useful informations from the internet.When summer came,they will invite their students pick the vegetables！
【解析】考查记叙文，本文主要讲了张先生和张太太的日常工作和生活。
1.all改为both：考查both和all的用法，both的主语是两个，而all的主语是三个或者三个以上，故将all改为both.
2.a改为an或one：考查冠词，因为hour音标的首字母是元音，所以应用an,故将a改为an或者one.
3.interesting改为interested：考查形容词，由于此句的主语是人，而interesting的主语是物，故将interesting改为interested.
4.that改为which:考查非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句需要用which引导，故将that改为which.
5.earlier改为early：考查副词，earlier是形容词比较级，不能修饰动词get up, 故将earlier改为early.
6.将for去掉：考查动词，bought是及物动词，后无需跟介词，故将for去掉.
7.beside改为besides：考查连接词，beside是介词，“在……旁边”，而这里需要一个连接词，故将beside改为besides.
考点：考查短文改错
3.【2017·新课标III】短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I look at this picture of myself. I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically.and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time,car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kings of cars and planes,playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.
【答案及其解析】
71.删除of。句意：当我自己看着这张照片时。根据句意可知删除of。
72.had→have。句意：在过去的几年里，我的身心都成长了很多。根据时间状语in the past few years，可知应该用现在完成时，故had→have。
73.and→but。考查固定结构not only… but also不仅…而且。故and→but。
74. 答案 took→taken 考查动词。根据句意可知此处表示被动含义，故把took改为taken。
78. difference→different 考查形容词。修饰名词kinds应该用形容词形式。
79. late →latest考查形容词最高级。
根据句意可知此处指最新的音乐唱片，故把late改为latest。
80. your→my 考查代词 。
根据句意可知此处是我高中时代生活的美好回忆，故把your改为my。
1.【2016·全国新课标I】短文改错（10 分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that 1 live .Though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our area .It is always crowded with customers at meal times .Some people even had to wait outside My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.
【答案】
1. that →where 2. but去掉 3. had →have 4. honest→ honesty 5. or→ and
6. using →used 7. becoming前加of 8. the →a 9. our→ his 10. stead→steadily
3. had →have 考查动词时态。 文章是介绍现在的情况，应该用一般现在时。
4. honest→ honesty 考查名词。此处是指诚实是他成功的秘诀，用名词形式。 而形容词honest意思是“诚实的”，是指人的性格特点。
考点：考查短文改错
2.【2016·全国新课标II】短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；???
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden you view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.
【答案】
1.how改为what 2.chose改为choose 3.take改为taking4.but改为and 5.about后加the
6.your改为our7.knowledges改为knowledge8.删除can或can改为should
9.thought改为think 10.many改为much
【解析】考查记叙文，“我”和同学们对暑假的旅游计划的讨论。
6.your改为our 考查代词。应该使用our与本句的主语we保持一致。句意：如果我们出国旅游，我们就拓宽视野并学到书本上学不到的知识。
7.knowledges改为knowledge 考查名词单复数。本句中名词knowledge是不可数名词，没有复数形式。
8.删除can或can改为should 考查虚拟语气。动词suggest作为建议的时候，后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”,所以本句可以删除can或can改为should。
9.thought改为think 考查时态。本文介绍我和同学们商量暑假旅游的事情，全文以一般现在时为主，所以本句使用现在时think。
10.many改为much 考查代词。本句中代词much代替不可数名词much money作为动词cost的宾语，而many通常代替可数名词复数形式。
考点：考查短文改错
3.【2016·全国新课标III】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . They were also the best and worse years in my life . At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time , I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
【答案】
51.year—years
52.worse—worst
53.the去掉
54.yourself—myself
55.such—so
56.tell—told
57.freely—free
58.wear—wearing
59.to—for
60.I ∧need
55.such—so考查so/such的用法。 my parents didn’t seem to think so我的父母似乎不这样认为，so指代上一句的内容，故把such改为so。
56.tell—told考查时态。通篇回忆过去的事情，使用的一般过去时，故把tell改为told。
57.freely—free考查形容词副词。be后跟形容词构成系表结构，be free from...摆脱......，不受......的影响，故把freely改为free。
58.wear—wearing考查固定搭配。by是介词，意为“通过”，后跟名词／代词或动名词，故把wear改为wearing。
考点：名词；形容词；代词；介词；最高级；固定搭配；时态
4.【2016·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
It is Mother’s Day today.Though it’s a western festival, it’s popular in China now.
Mom has a full-time job,so she has to do most of the houseworks.She is a great mother.Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother’s Day.We get up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house,and then went on shopping.When he came back,I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favoritiest.At dinner,we said to her,“Happy Mother’s Day！”Mom was grateful and moving.
【答案】 1.so---but 2.houseworks---housework 3.or---and 4.get---got 5.去掉on 6.her---his
7.在in和kitchen之间加the 8.what---that/which(或去掉what) 9.favoritest---favorite 10.moving---moved
考点：考查短文改错
5.【2016·浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删减或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多着（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late. Every time he arrived home at end of the day ,we’d greet het at the door. He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us, Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers. While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge. It was both excited and frightening to be up there！
My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
When?I?was?a?very?young?children,my?father?created?a?regular?practice?I?r
child
emember?well?years?late.Every?time?he?arrived?home?at?∧end?of?the?day?,
later the
we’d?greet?herat?the?door.He?would?ask?who?we?was?and?pretend?not?to?knowing?
him were know
us,Then?he?and?my?mother?would?have?had?a?drink?while?she?prepared?dinner?and?they?would?talk?about?his?day?and?hers.While?they?chat,my?father?would?lift?my?sister?and?
chatted
me?up?to?sit?in?the?top?of?the?fridge.It?was?both?excited?and?frightening?to?be?up?there！
on exciting
66.【答案】children改成child
考点：考查名词单复数
67.【答案】late改成later
【解析】
试题分析： late是形容词“迟的”，或副词“迟地”，但是“一段时间后面应该接later”，表示“……时间以后”。故late改成later。
考点：考查副词
68.【答案】at后面加the
考点：考查冠词
69.【答案】her改成him
【解析】
试题分析： 根据上文可知我们每天在门口迎接爸爸。用him指代my father，作greet的宾语。故her改成him。
考点：考查代词
70.【答案】was改成were
【解析】
试题分析： 这句话的主语是we，谓语用复数，而且这篇文章是作者回忆小时候的事情，用一般过去时。故was改成were。
考点：考查主谓一致
71.【答案】knowing改成know
【解析】
试题分析：pretend后面接不定式作宾语，这里是否定式pretend not to do。故knowing改成know。
考点：考查动词不定式
72.【答案】去掉had
【解析】
试题分析：句意：他和我妈妈会喝些东西。这里不是虚拟语气，不能用would have done，用would do表示“过去常常做”。故去掉had。
考点：考查动词形式
73.【答案】chat改成chatted
【解析】
试题分析：根据主句内容my?father?would?lift?my?sister?可知while引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。故chat改成chatted。
考点：考查动词时态
74.【答案】in改成on
考点：考查介词
75.【答案】excited改成exciting
【解析】
试题分析：这句话的主语是形式主语it，真正的主语是to be up there，主语是物的时候，表语应该用现在分词形式的形容词。故excited改成exciting。
Passage 1 (2015·新课标全国Ⅰ)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean or the mountains are green.Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We must found ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so，we'll live to regret it.
答案
When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean the mountains are green.Unfortunately， the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very problem.The we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. rare animals are dying out.We must ways to protect environment.If we fail to do so，we'll live to regret it.
1.解析 考查动词的时态。根据前面一句可知，这是发生在小时候的事情，故用一般过去时态。
答案 第2句：think→thought
2.解析 考查冠词的用法。in the countryside (在乡村)为固定短语。
答案 第3句：countryside前加the
3.解析 考查并列词的用法。那儿的空气洁净，群山葱绿。由句意可知两个分句之间显然为并列关系，而非选择关系。
答案 第4句：or→and
4.解析 考查介词的用法。with the development of...为一固定短语，意思是“随着……的发展”。
答案 第5句：on→with
5.解析 考查被动语态的用法。众多研究表明，全球变暖已经成为一个十分严重的问题。由句意可知，studies和谓语show之间为主动关系，故要用主动语态。
答案 第6句：去掉been
6.解析 考查形容词的用法。修饰名词problem应当用形容词。
答案 第6句：seriously→serious
7.解析 考查不可数名词的用法。air作“空气”讲时为不可数名词。
答案 第7句：airs→air
8.解析 考查代词的用法。Animals为可数名词复数，故用many。
答案 第8句：Much→Many
Passage 2 (2015·新课标全国Ⅱ)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begun to cry.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.Mom said，“How nice to see you again！Dad and I were terrible worried.”Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
答案
One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his .It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy a shop window.He liked it so much that he quickly walked into the shop.After at the toy for some time，he turned around and found his parents were missing.Tony was scared and to cry.A woman saw him crying and him to wait outside shop.Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.Mom said，“How nice to see you again！Dad and I were worried.”Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
答案 第4句： 去掉very
4.解析 考查省略的用法。After之后省去了主语he，he与look at之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应当用现在分词。
答案 第5句： looks→looking
5.解析 考查宾语从句连接词的用法。动词found之后为宾语从句，从句为系表结构，意思完整，故将where去掉或改为没有词义且不作成分的that。
答案 第5句： 去掉where或where→that
6.解析 考查并列谓语的用法。由句子结构可知，begin与was scared并列，因此，要用一般过去时。
答案 第6句：begun→began
7.解析 考查并列谓语的用法。有一位妇女看到他哭泣就告诉他去商店外面等。由句意可知，tell这一动作是这个妇女发出的，应当与saw构成并列谓语。故改用told。
答案 第7句：telling→told
8.解析 考查冠词的用法。表示谈话双方共知的名词前要用定冠词。
答案 第7句：a→the
9.解析 考查物主代词的用法。根据句意及英语表达习惯，应当在parents前加上与主语相一致的物主代词。
答案 第8句：saw后加his
10.解析 考查副词的用法。形容词worried之前要用副词来修饰。
答案 第10句：terrible→terribly
Passage 3 (2015·四川)
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每句不超过两个错误；
2.每处错误及其修改均仅限一次；
3.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Hi, Janice，
It's been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.
As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here.We hang out together during lunch and after school.We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.It's been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many.And I started to see this as a time－wasting activity! In fact，I don't like to go anymore, so I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship.How do you think I should do? If you are me，would you talk to him?
Please help with me and give me some advice.
Grace
答案
Hi, Janice，
It's been a month since I came to this new school and I really want ∧to share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.
As I you last time, I made three new here.We hang out together during lunch and after school.We've been spending a lot of time in karaoke bars.It's been three Saturdays now and it really costs me .And I started to see this as a time－wasting activity! In fact，I don't like to go anymore, I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship. do you think I should do? If you me，would you talk to ？
Please help me and give me some advice.
Grace
1.解析 考查动词want的用法，want后用不定式作状语，故加上to。
答案 want后加to
2.解析 考查时态。根据时间状语last time可知，此句需用一般过去时，故把tell改成told。句意：正如我上次告诉你的那样。
答案 tell→told
3.解析 考查名词的复数。名词friend为可数名词，其前有three修饰，需要用复数形式，故把friend改成friends。句意：我在这儿交了三个新朋友。
答案 friend→friends
4.解析 考查动名词作宾语。本句考查句型spend...(in)doing sth结构，故把sing改成singing。
答案 sing→singing
5.解析 考查代词。根据句意，指的是花费很多钱，故用much而非many。句意：那真的花费很多。
答案 many→much
6.解析 考查连词。上一分句句意：我不想再去；下一分句句意：我怕失去他们的友谊，两个分句之间有转折关系，故把so改成but。
答案 so→but
7.解析 考查疑问词的选择。本句中do之后缺少宾语，故用what。
答案 How→What
8.解析 考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知，此处为虚拟语气，与现在事实不符，故把are改成were。句意：如果你是我，……。
答案 are→were
9.解析 考查代词。根据上文可知，作者交了三个朋友，故用them。句意：你会和他们说吗？
答案 him→them
10.解析 考查动词。动词help为及物动词，其后接宾语时无需加介词，故去掉with。句意：请帮帮我，给我一些建议。
答案 去掉with
Passage 4 (2015·陕西)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线( )，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My soccer coach retired in last week.I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.My mum makes the better biscuits in the world，so I decide to ask her for help.Mum taught me some basic step of baking.I insisted on doing most of the baking myself.I thought the biscuits were really well.My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.
At a party，my coach，with a biscuit in his mouth，asked surprisingly who made them and joked，“I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!
答案
My soccer coach retired last week.I wanted to do special for him at his retirement party.My mum makes the biscuits in the world，so I to ask her for help.Mum taught me some basic of baking.I insisted on doing most of the baking myself.I thought the biscuits were really .My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor I was packing them up.
At party，my coach，with a biscuit in his mouth，asked surprisingly who made them and joked，“I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me the biscuits with happy laughter!
4.解析 全文的时态都是一般过去时，故把decide改为decided。
答案 decide→decided
5.解析 根据前面的some，step应该是复数形式。
答案 step→steps
6.解析 作表语的是形容词good，well是副词，作状语。
答案 well→good
7.解析 我唯一所犯的错误就是当我包装饼干的时候，掉在地上一些。when/while当……的时候，after 在……之后。
答案 after→when/while
8.解析 此处表特指，at the party 在晚会上。
答案 a→the
9.解析 动词不定式表示目的，我也许得再退休一次，能吃到更多的饼干。
答案 just后加to
10.解析 and连接两个并列的(动)名词，enjoy是动词，所以改成enjoying。
答案 enjoy→enjoying