专题六 句型转换题解题技巧
句型转换是中考英语的必选题型之一，也是中考英语的重点题型之一。句型转换题可以有效地帮助学生理解并巩固所学的句型，掌握各种句型的内在含义，帮助学生掌握各种句型的句式结构和不同句式的变化技巧，理解并掌握句型与句型间的相互转换规律。在历年的中考中，句型转换所占的分值一直较大。句型转换这一题型是先给出一个句子，然后再给出一个包含几个空白处的句子，要求根据括号内的具体要求在第二句的空白处填入适当的词来完成。它有完全的句式转换和句子中某一部分或几部分的转换。该题型主要考查同学们的语言基础知识及句子结构的构成、变化、运用等。其特点是规律性强、灵活性小，旨在考查考生用不同的句型结构来表达相同、相近或相反的语意的能力，训练灵活运用语言的技巧。www.21-cn-jy.com
一、题型介绍
所谓“句型转换”就是先给一个完整的句子A，再根据括号内的要求（有时没有明确，须自己观察），在第二个句子B的空白处填上适当的词来完成的句型转换。2-1-c-n-j-y
二、题型分类
从形式上看，有如下几种形式：
①某一词或词组的转换；
②词组与句子的转换；
③同义句型的转换；
④为纠正常犯语言错误而设计的题目。
从内容上看，此题型涉及的面较广，主要有：
①句子功能方面的转换。包括陈述句（肯定与否定）、四种题疑问句、祈使句、感叹句的转换；
②句子结构方面的转换。即简单句、复合句、并列句之间的转换；
③语态的转换。即主动语态与被动语态之间的转换；
④常用句型与词汇手段的转换。
句型转换是句子类别的转换。该题的目的在于检测学生运用各种句型的表达能力。要求学生对所学的句子结构和词形的变化做到概念清楚，运用准确。
方法一、必须弄清原句的句型和意思以及判别改写后的句子是什么句型。
[例1]The little girl was so tired that she couldn’t go farther.（同义句）
The little girl was ______ tired ______ go farther.
[例2] It took him two hours to do these exercises yesterday.
He ______ two hours ______ these exercises yesterday.21教育名师原创作品
[例3] I must look after my sister well at home.
I must ______ ______ ______ ______ my sister at home.www-2-1-cnjy-com
[例4] They were tired, so they had a rest.
They had a rest ______ they were tired.
[例5]He was too weak to carry the heavy box.
He was ______ ______ ______ to carry the heavy box.
方法二、要熟悉常用句型的转换规律
从近年来的考题趋势来看，句型转换从单纯测试语法知识向改变句子结构填空，填词后使句意不变或与要求相符的方向发展。
一、由肯定句变为一般疑问句由肯定句变为一般疑问句的规则是把句子变为疑问语序，也称之为倒装语序。
解题时应把握以下几点：
be动词、情态动词、助动词直接提前
有实义动词v时，请助动词do/does
(请助动词三步口诀：看人称、请助动词、动词还原形)
1、句子的谓语动词如果是be动词，则把be动词直接提到主语之前。
（注：在肯定句和一般疑问句中主语的一、二人称要互换。）
eg. (1) We are in Class 1, Grade 7 . → Are you in Class 1, Grade 7 ?
(2) He's polite and helpful . → Is he polite and helpful ?
(3) There are some birds in the big tall tree . → Are there any birds in the big tall tree ?
(4) Some Americans are going to visit our school next week .
→ Are some Americans going to visit your school next week ?
(5) A new modern bridge is being built over the Changjiang River .
→ Is a new modern bridge being built over the Changjiang River ?
2、句子的谓语动词中如果有情态动词，则把情态动词直接提到主语之前。
eg. (1) They can park their cars in front of the supermarket . → Can they park their cars in front of the supermarket ?
(2) I'd like some more dumplings . → Would you like some more dumplings ?
(3) Children must be kept away from fire . → Must children be kept away from fire ?
3、句子的谓语动词如果是现在完成时或过去完成时，则把时态中的助动词have、has或had提到主语之前即可。
eg. (1) I have finished reading the interesting book . →Have you finished reading the interesting book ?
(2) The old woman had been dead before her daughter arrived .
→ Had the old woman been dead before her daughter arrived ?
4、句子的谓语动词如果是行为动词的一般现在时或一般过去时，在改为一般疑问句的时候，根据主语的人称和单、复数，需要添加助动词do、does或did 。
eg. (1) We enjoy the football matches very much . → Do you enjoy the football matches very much ?
(2) Her mother does some cleaning every morning . →Does her mother do some cleaning every morning ?
(3)She went to see her doctor yesterday . →Did she go to see her doctor yesterday ?
注：在添加了助动词的一般疑问句中，行为动词一律为动词原形。
二、由肯定句变为否定句由肯定句变为否定句的规则是在句中的助动词之后添加否定词not。
1、be动词、情态动词、助动词直接+not
(除了be动词的am词形外，否定词not可以和助动词缩写为“助动词 + n't”。)
有实义动词v时，请助动词do/does+not
(请助动词三步口诀：看人称、请助动词、动词还原形)
分别可以缩写为don't、doesn't和didn't 。
注：在行为动词一般现在时和一般过去时的否定句中，行为动词也一律为动词原形。
eg. (1) He is from England . →He isn't from England .
(2) They can look for things on the Internet in Computer lessons .
→They can't look for things on the Internet in Computer lessons .
(3) I have seen the interesting film already . →I haven't seen the interesting film yet .
(4) His brother often plays football after school . →His brother doesn't often play football after school .
(5) My grandma came for dinner yesterday evening . →My grandma didn't come for dinner yesterday evening .
下面几种句型在变为否定句时情况特殊一些，做题时须引起注意：
(1) I think + 宾语从句。该句型在变为否定句时，否定词not应放在主句上，即为：I don't think + 宾语从句。
eg. I think it will rain tomorrow . → I don't think it will rain tomorrow .
(2) 祈使句的特征是没有主语，以动词原形开头。祈使句在变为否定句时，应在动词原形之前添加助动词don't .
eg. (1) Water the flowers . → Don't water the flowers .
(2) Please clean the blackboard . → Please don't clean the blackboard .
三、句子的单复数互换
句子的单复数转换的规则是：对应句中的名词、代词、动词等，能变则变，不能变的，要么保留，要么去掉。
在解题过程中，还必须具体情况具体对待。
eg. (1) The girl is from England . → The girls are from England .
(2) He is a polite and helpful boy . → They are polite and helpful boys .【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
上述例句中，划线的为能变的，没划线的为该保留的，a(an)为该去掉的。反之，在由复数变为单数时，则要根据句意在名词之前补上一个a (an)。
eg. They are English girls . → She is an English . 但是对于"There be"句型，单复数转换时句中的 a / an不能去掉，而要根据句式将其与some或any 互换。
eg. (1) There is a boat on the lake . → There are some boats on the lake .
(2) There isn't a tree behind the house . → There aren't any trees behind the house .
(3) Is there a pet dog in your home ? → Are there any pet dogs in your home ?
(4) There aren't any pictures on the wall of our classroom .
→ There isn't a picture on the wall of our classroom .
四、同义句转换
同义句转换就是将所给的句子换个说法。这一题型包含的内容多，形式杂。有词汇的同义转换，句型的同义转换等。掌握该题型的解题技巧，可以很好地帮助学生理解、掌握所学的词汇和句型的含义，并在此基础上加以活用，对学生形成语言综合运用能力有极大的帮助。要掌握该题型的正确的解题方法，需要在日常的英语学习中不断练习、归纳、积累。一般说来，同义句转换主要有以下几种形式：
1、词汇的同义转换 词汇的同义转换主要有同义词、近义词的转换,反义词的转换,和同一个词在不同的句式中的不同的语序的转换等。
eg. (1) I spent 50 yuan on the coat . → I paid 50 yuan for the coat .
（同义词的转换）
(2) He likes playing football too . → He also likes playing football .
（近义词的转换）
(3) Millie sits behind Daniel . → Daniel sits in front of Millie .
（反义词的转换）
(4) They are all from America . → All of them are from America .
（词序的转换）
2、句型的同义转换 常见的句型的同义转换主要有以下几种形式：
A.简单句和简单句的互换，
B.简单句和祈使句的互换，
C.复合句和简单句的互换，
D.复合句和复合句的互换等。
eg. (1) My favourite lesson is English . → I like English best.
（简单句和简单句的互换）
(2) It's lunchtime . → It's time for lunch . / It's time to have lunch . 21*cnjy*com
（简单句和简单句的互换）
(3) Let's go boating . →Shall we go boating ?
→Why not go boating ? →What about going boating ? 【出处：21教育名师】
（简单句和简单句的互换）
(4)I spend about half an hour reading English in the morning .
→ It takes me about half an hour to read English in the morning .
（简单句和简单句的互换）
(5) He is too young to go to school .→ He isn't old enough to go to school .
（简单句和简单句的互换）
→ He is so young that he can't go to school .
（简单句和复合句的互换）
(6) You can't play basketball in the street .→ Don't play basketball in the street .
（简单句和祈使句的互换）
(7) She didn't go to the bookshop yesterday , she went to the library instead .
→She went to the library yesterday instead of the bookshop .
（复合句和简单句的互换）
(8) I went to bed after my mother came back last night .
→ I didn't go to bed until my mother came back last night .
（复合句和复合句的互换）
五、对句中的划线部分提问
对句中的划线部分提问是句型转换题的重要组成部分。该题型的主旨是确定划线部分在句子中是什么成分，用合适的疑问词放在句首代替该部分而构成特殊疑问句。
解该题型可使用“三步提问法”。具体步骤如下：
1、先选择一个合适的疑问词。
英语中主要的疑问词有：what , who , when , whose , where , why , which , how , how old , how many , how much , how long , how often , how soon , how far , 等。
疑问词的确定要根据句中的划线部分作什么成分。
上述疑问词的用法主要为：
what :用来询问事物、人的姓名和职业。
另外，和不同的词一起使用还可询问具体的方面，
what time 询问时间，
what colour 询问颜色等。
who :用来询问人，尤其指人与人之间的关系。
whose :用来询问归属，即和人之间的所有关系。
when :用来询问时间，一般指较大的时间范围。（小范围的时间可用what time ）
where :用来询问地点。
which :用来询问哪一个，主要针对名词的定语提问。
why :用来询问原因，标志是because .
how :用来询问方式、程度。
how old :用来询问年龄。
how many :用来询问可数名词的数量，其后要接名词的复数形式。
how much :用来询问不可数名词的数量，其后要接不可数名词。如单独使用则表示询问多少钱或对事物了解或喜欢的程度。2·1·c·n·j·y
how long :用来询问事物的长度，也可询问时间长度。
how often :用来询问某件事或某个动作在一定的时间范围内重复发生的次数，即频度。
how soon :用来询问某件事或某个动作从说话时候起要过多久才会发生，即询问将来的情况，一般与将来时态连用。21·世纪*教育网
how far :用来询问空间距离。
2、把原句变为一般疑问句。
3、把确定的疑问词放在句首，其后跟上一般疑问句的语序，把划线部分省略即可。
注：如果句中的划线部分是主语或主语的定语，则可用疑问词直接替换而不用一般疑问句的语序。
举例说明：
1、Her mother often gives her nice presents .
思考：本句中的划线部分Her mother 在句中作主语，因而在确定了疑问词who之后，不用将原句改为一般疑问句，直接替换即可。改写后的句子为：【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
Who often gives her nice presents ?
2、The boy on the yellow bike is Lucy's brother .
思考：本句中的划线部分on the yellow bike 在句中作主语The boy 的定语，限定是哪一个男孩，因而确定的疑问词是which, 直接替换后的句子为：【版权所有：21教育】
Which boy is Lucy's brother ?
3、I spend about half an hour a day reading English .
思考：本句中的划线部分不是作主语，也不是作主语的定语，因而适用“三步提问法”。
（1）先确定疑问词。
划线的about half an hour 表示一个时间长度，因而疑问词为how long .
（2）把原句改为一般疑问句为：Do you spend about half an hour a day reading English ?
（3）把疑问词how long 放在句首，其后跟上一般疑问句，把划线部分去掉，最终的句子为：
How long do you spend a day reading English ?
4、Our teacher will be back in ten minutes .
思考：本句中的划线部分不是作主语，也不是作主语的定语，因而也适用“三步提问法”。
（1）先确定疑问词。
划线的in ten minutes 和一般将来时态连用，表示“在十分钟后”或“过十分钟”，因而疑问词为how soon .
（2）把原句改为一般疑问句为：Will your teacher be back in ten minutes ?
（3）把疑问词how soon 放在句首，其后跟上一般疑问句，把划线部分去掉，最终的句子为： How soon will your teacher be back ?
句型转换的解题技巧不是一朝一夕就能形成的，需要在平日的学习和练习中用心体会，认真钻研，勤总结，多归纳，善积累。 21教育网
【例题展示】
一、肯定句变为一般疑问句及否定句
1.(2016·上海)He was so clever.（变为一般疑问句） ______ ______ so clever?
2.(2016·湖北荆州)John felt happy at that time.（变为一般疑问句）______ John ______ happy at that time?
3.(2016·湖北孝感)We can fly to the moon one day（变为一般疑问句）.______ ______ fly to the moon one day?
4.(2016·甘肃兰州)The twins were happy to see their uncle.（变为否定句）
The twins ______ ______ to see their uncle.
5.(2016·江苏淮安)Mr. Smith works hard every day.（变为否定句）
Mr. Smith ______ ______ hard every day.
6.(2016·新疆阜康米泉)The doctor could help that people.（变为否定句）
The doctor _____ _____ that people.
7.(2016·黑龙江龙东)Mother told me to go to bed early last night.（变为否定句）
Mother told me ______ ______ go to bed early last night.
8.(2016·湖南永州)Let’s play basketball on the playground this afternoon.（变为否定句）
Let’s ______ ______ basketball on the playground.
9.(2016·湖南郴州)This is Kate’s hat.（对划线部分提问）______ ______ is this?
10.(2016·湖南郴州)The man in the car is my father’s friend.（对划线部分提问）____ ____ is ______ father’s friend?
11.(2016·湖南郴州)They are looking for the boy in the city（对划线部分提问）.______ are they ______ in the city?
12.(2016·湖南郴州)Ann flew to Beijing last year.（对划线部分提问）What _____ Ann ______ last year?
13.(2016·黑龙江齐齐哈尔)Class 3 were the winners in the race, ______ ______?（反意疑问句）
14.（2017连云港市）The man couldn’t climb up the tree, ______ ______?（反意疑问句）21世纪教育网版权所有
15.（2017昆明市）There is little water in the bottle, ______ ______?（反意疑问句）21·cn·jy·com
16.[2017福州市]Don’t tell him the bad news, ______ ______? （反意疑问句）
17.[2017成都市]He was so young that he can’t read.（同义句） He was ______ ______ ______ read.
18.[2017安徽省]We can’t live if there is no air or water.（同义句）We can’t live ______ air or water.
19.[2017沈阳市]I don’t know what I can do.（同义句）I don’t know ______ ______ do.
20.[2017广东省]What’s the matter, Granny?（同义句） ______ ______ with you, Granny?
21.（2017江西省南昌）Li Lei is the tallest in his class.（同义句）Li Lei is ____ than _____ ______ student in his class.
22.(2017四川)Li Ping does well in English.（同义句） Li Ping _____ _____ _____ English.
23.[2016宜昌市]I can mend the bike. Li Lei can, too.（同义句） I can mend the bike, and _____ _____ Li Lei.
24.(2017辽宁本溪)You can’t take both the basketball and the football.（同义句）21cnjy.com
You can take _____the basketball ____the football. 21*cnjy*com
25.(2017，北京)We are going to help the farmers on the farm tomorrow. (用now改写)
We ______ ______ the farmers on the farm ______.
26.(2017，上海)His brother won’t do the shopping tomorrow. (改为一般现在时)
His brother _____ _____ the shopping on Sundays.
27.(2017，天津)The twins study Chinese very hard.（改为感叹句）_____ _____ the twins study Chinese!
28.(2017，天津)The weather was rather bad yesterday. （改为感叹句） ______ ______ ______ it was yesterday!
29.(2017，重庆)The flowers are beautiful.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ ______ they are!
30.(2017，南京)I could dance and sing when I was five years old.(否定句)
I ______ dance ______ sing when I was five years old.
always等词(组)，要变为any，or，muchmany，yet， either, neither…nor, nothingnobody, never。
31.(2017，武汉)He can make a model plane, I think. (否定句)
I ______ think he ______ make a model plane.
【注意的几个问题】
首先应看清题意，分析句子结构，再按句子要求变换句型。
注意时态；
句子的成分不变。原句的句子在改变句型时仍不可缺少，否则句子不完整，但有一个例外，在陈述句改为感叹句时，要增加句子成分，感叹词what和how分别为按句子的要求而增加的定语或状语，句子其他成分不变；
反复推敲，确保无误。改变后要看看意思是否与要求相符，有没有语法和习惯用法方面的错误。
专题六 句型转换题解题技巧
句型转换是中考英语的必选题型之一，也是中考英语的重点题型之一。句型转换题可以有效地帮助学生理解并巩固所学的句型，掌握各种句型的内在含义，帮助学生掌握各种句型的句式结构和不同句式的变化技巧，理解并掌握句型与句型间的相互转换规律。在历年的中考中，句型转换所占的分值一直较大。句型转换这一题型是先给出一个句子，然后再给出一个包含几个空白处的句子，要求根据括号内的具体要求在第二句的空白处填入适当的词来完成。它有完全的句式转换和句子中某一部分或几部分的转换。该题型主要考查同学们的语言基础知识及句子结构的构成、变化、运用等。其特点是规律性强、灵活性小，旨在考查考生用不同的句型结构来表达相同、相近或相反的语意的能力，训练灵活运用语言的技巧。
一、题型介绍
所谓“句型转换”就是先给一个完整的句子A，再根据括号内的要求（有时没有明确，须自己观察），在第二个句子B的空白处填上适当的词来完成的句型转换。21教育名师原创作品
二、题型分类
从形式上看，有如下几种形式：
①某一词或词组的转换；
②词组与句子的转换；
③同义句型的转换；
④为纠正常犯语言错误而设计的题目。
从内容上看，此题型涉及的面较广，主要有：
①句子功能方面的转换。包括陈述句（肯定与否定）、四种题疑问句、祈使句、感叹句的转换；
②句子结构方面的转换。即简单句、复合句、并列句之间的转换；
③语态的转换。即主动语态与被动语态之间的转换；
④常用句型与词汇手段的转换。
句型转换是句子类别的转换。该题的目的在于检测学生运用各种句型的表达能力。要求学生对所学的句子结构和词形的变化做到概念清楚，运用准确。21*cnjy*com
方法一、必须弄清原句的句型和意思以及判别改写后的句子是什么句型。
[例1]The little girl was so tired that she couldn’t go farther.（同义句）
The little girl was ______ tired ______ go farther.
【解析】通过分析，我们不难发现，该题是由复合句转换为简单句，可用too…to句型。
[例2] It took him two hours to do these exercises yesterday.
He ______ two hours ______ these exercises yesterday.
【解析】该句的句型是It takes sb sometime to do sth. 英语表达该意思的还有spend…on句型。
[例3] I must look after my sister well at home.
I must ______ ______ ______ ______ my sister at home.
【解析】根据我们所学过的同义词组，look after sb well相当于take good care of sb.
[例4] They were tired, so they had a rest.
They had a rest ______ they were tired.
【解析】该句由并列句转换为复合句，可用because来连接，表示因果关系。
[例5]He was too weak to carry the heavy box.
He was ______ ______ ______ to carry the heavy box.
【解析】很明显，这是两个简单句之间的转换，可用not strong enough来填空。
方法二、要熟悉常用句型的转换规律
从近年来的考题趋势来看，句型转换从单纯测试语法知识向改变句子结构填空，填词后使句意不变或与要求相符的方向发展。
一、由肯定句变为一般疑问句由肯定句变为一般疑问句的规则是把句子变为疑问语序，也称之为倒装语序。
解题时应把握以下几点：
be动词、情态动词、助动词直接提前
有实义动词v时，请助动词do/does
(请助动词三步口诀：看人称、请助动词、动词还原形)
1、句子的谓语动词如果是be动词，则把be动词直接提到主语之前。
（注：在肯定句和一般疑问句中主语的一、二人称要互换。）
eg. (1) We are in Class 1, Grade 7 . → Are you in Class 1, Grade 7 ?
(2) He's polite and helpful . → Is he polite and helpful ?
(3) There are some birds in the big tall tree . → Are there any birds in the big tall tree ?
(4) Some Americans are going to visit our school next week .
→ Are some Americans going to visit your school next week ?
(5) A new modern bridge is being built over the Changjiang River .
→ Is a new modern bridge being built over the Changjiang River ?
2、句子的谓语动词中如果有情态动词，则把情态动词直接提到主语之前。
eg. (1) They can park their cars in front of the supermarket . → Can they park their cars in front of the supermarket ?
(2) I'd like some more dumplings . → Would you like some more dumplings ?2-1-c-n-j-y
(3) Children must be kept away from fire . → Must children be kept away from fire ?
3、句子的谓语动词如果是现在完成时或过去完成时，则把时态中的助动词have、has或had提到主语之前即可。
eg. (1) I have finished reading the interesting book . →Have you finished reading the interesting book ?
(2) The old woman had been dead before her daughter arrived .
→ Had the old woman been dead before her daughter arrived ?2·1·c·n·j·y
4、句子的谓语动词如果是行为动词的一般现在时或一般过去时，在改为一般疑问句的时候，根据主语的人称和单、复数，需要添加助动词do、does或did 。
eg. (1) We enjoy the football matches very much . → Do you enjoy the football matches very much ?
(2) Her mother does some cleaning every morning . →Does her mother do some cleaning every morning ?
(3)She went to see her doctor yesterday . →Did she go to see her doctor yesterday ?
注：在添加了助动词的一般疑问句中，行为动词一律为动词原形。
二、由肯定句变为否定句由肯定句变为否定句的规则是在句中的助动词之后添加否定词not。
1、be动词、情态动词、助动词直接+not
(除了be动词的am词形外，否定词not可以和助动词缩写为“助动词 + n't”。)
有实义动词v时，请助动词do/does+not
(请助动词三步口诀：看人称、请助动词、动词还原形)
分别可以缩写为don't、doesn't和didn't 。
注：在行为动词一般现在时和一般过去时的否定句中，行为动词也一律为动词原形。
eg. (1) He is from England . →He isn't from England .
(2) They can look for things on the Internet in Computer lessons .
→They can't look for things on the Internet in Computer lessons .
(3) I have seen the interesting film already . →I haven't seen the interesting film yet .
(4) His brother often plays football after school . →His brother doesn't often play football after school .
(5) My grandma came for dinner yesterday evening . →My grandma didn't come for dinner yesterday evening .
下面几种句型在变为否定句时情况特殊一些，做题时须引起注意：
(1) I think + 宾语从句。该句型在变为否定句时，否定词not应放在主句上，即为：I don't think + 宾语从句。
eg. I think it will rain tomorrow . → I don't think it will rain tomorrow .www-2-1-cnjy-com
(2) 祈使句的特征是没有主语，以动词原形开头。祈使句在变为否定句时，应在动词原形之前添加助动词don't .
eg. (1) Water the flowers . → Don't water the flowers .
(2) Please clean the blackboard . → Please don't clean the blackboard .
三、句子的单复数互换
句子的单复数转换的规则是：对应句中的名词、代词、动词等，能变则变，不能变的，要么保留，要么去掉。
在解题过程中，还必须具体情况具体对待。
eg. (1) The girl is from England . → The girls are from England .
(2) He is a polite and helpful boy . → They are polite and helpful boys .
上述例句中，划线的为能变的，没划线的为该保留的，a(an)为该去掉的。反之，在由复数变为单数时，则要根据句意在名词之前补上一个a (an)。
eg. They are English girls . → She is an English . 但是对于"There be"句型，单复数转换时句中的 a / an不能去掉，而要根据句式将其与some或any 互换。
eg. (1) There is a boat on the lake . → There are some boats on the lake .
(2) There isn't a tree behind the house . → There aren't any trees behind the house .
(3) Is there a pet dog in your home ? → Are there any pet dogs in your home ?
(4) There aren't any pictures on the wall of our classroom .
→ There isn't a picture on the wall of our classroom .
四、同义句转换
同义句转换就是将所给的句子换个说法。这一题型包含的内容多，形式杂。有词汇的同义转换，句型的同义转换等。掌握该题型的解题技巧，可以很好地帮助学生理解、掌握所学的词汇和句型的含义，并在此基础上加以活用，对学生形成语言综合运用能力有极大的帮助。要掌握该题型的正确的解题方法，需要在日常的英语学习中不断练习、归纳、积累。一般说来，同义句转换主要有以下几种形式：
1、词汇的同义转换 词汇的同义转换主要有同义词、近义词的转换,反义词的转换,和同一个词在不同的句式中的不同的语序的转换等。
eg. (1) I spent 50 yuan on the coat . → I paid 50 yuan for the coat .
（同义词的转换）
(2) He likes playing football too . → He also likes playing football .
（近义词的转换）
(3) Millie sits behind Daniel . → Daniel sits in front of Millie .
（反义词的转换）
(4) They are all from America . → All of them are from America .
（词序的转换）
2、句型的同义转换 常见的句型的同义转换主要有以下几种形式：
A.简单句和简单句的互换，
B.简单句和祈使句的互换，
C.复合句和简单句的互换，
D.复合句和复合句的互换等。
eg. (1) My favourite lesson is English . → I like English best.
（简单句和简单句的互换）
(2) It's lunchtime . → It's time for lunch . / It's time to have lunch . www.21-cn-jy.com
（简单句和简单句的互换）
(3) Let's go boating . →Shall we go boating ?
→Why not go boating ? →What about going boating ? 21·cn·jy·com
（简单句和简单句的互换）
(4)I spend about half an hour reading English in the morning .
→ It takes me about half an hour to read English in the morning .
（简单句和简单句的互换）
(5) He is too young to go to school .→ He isn't old enough to go to school .
（简单句和简单句的互换）
→ He is so young that he can't go to school .
（简单句和复合句的互换）
(6) You can't play basketball in the street .→ Don't play basketball in the street . 21教育网
（简单句和祈使句的互换）
(7) She didn't go to the bookshop yesterday , she went to the library instead .
→She went to the library yesterday instead of the bookshop .
（复合句和简单句的互换）
(8) I went to bed after my mother came back last night .
→ I didn't go to bed until my mother came back last night .
（复合句和复合句的互换）
五、对句中的划线部分提问
对句中的划线部分提问是句型转换题的重要组成部分。该题型的主旨是确定划线部分在句子中是什么成分，用合适的疑问词放在句首代替该部分而构成特殊疑问句。
解该题型可使用“三步提问法”。具体步骤如下：
1、先选择一个合适的疑问词。
英语中主要的疑问词有：what , who , when , whose , where , why , which , how , how old , how many , how much , how long , how often , how soon , how far , 等。
疑问词的确定要根据句中的划线部分作什么成分。
上述疑问词的用法主要为：
what :用来询问事物、人的姓名和职业。
另外，和不同的词一起使用还可询问具体的方面，
what time 询问时间，
what colour 询问颜色等。
who :用来询问人，尤其指人与人之间的关系。
whose :用来询问归属，即和人之间的所有关系。
when :用来询问时间，一般指较大的时间范围。（小范围的时间可用what time ）
where :用来询问地点。
which :用来询问哪一个，主要针对名词的定语提问。
why :用来询问原因，标志是because .
how :用来询问方式、程度。
how old :用来询问年龄。
how many :用来询问可数名词的数量，其后要接名词的复数形式。
how much :用来询问不可数名词的数量，其后要接不可数名词。如单独使用则表示询问多少钱或对事物了解或喜欢的程度。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
how long :用来询问事物的长度，也可询问时间长度。
how often :用来询问某件事或某个动作在一定的时间范围内重复发生的次数，即频度。
how soon :用来询问某件事或某个动作从说话时候起要过多久才会发生，即询问将来的情况，一般与将来时态连用。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
how far :用来询问空间距离。
2、把原句变为一般疑问句。
3、把确定的疑问词放在句首，其后跟上一般疑问句的语序，把划线部分省略即可。
注：如果句中的划线部分是主语或主语的定语，则可用疑问词直接替换而不用一般疑问句的语序。
举例说明：
1、Her mother often gives her nice presents .
思考：本句中的划线部分Her mother 在句中作主语，因而在确定了疑问词who之后，不用将原句改为一般疑问句，直接替换即可。改写后的句子为：21世纪教育网版权所有
Who often gives her nice presents ?
2、The boy on the yellow bike is Lucy's brother .
思考：本句中的划线部分on the yellow bike 在句中作主语The boy 的定语，限定是哪一个男孩，因而确定的疑问词是which, 直接替换后的句子为：【出处：21教育名师】
Which boy is Lucy's brother ?
3、I spend about half an hour a day reading English .
思考：本句中的划线部分不是作主语，也不是作主语的定语，因而适用“三步提问法”。
（1）先确定疑问词。
划线的about half an hour 表示一个时间长度，因而疑问词为how long .21·世纪*教育网
（2）把原句改为一般疑问句为：Do you spend about half an hour a day reading English ?
（3）把疑问词how long 放在句首，其后跟上一般疑问句，把划线部分去掉，最终的句子为：
How long do you spend a day reading English ?
4、Our teacher will be back in ten minutes .
思考：本句中的划线部分不是作主语，也不是作主语的定语，因而也适用“三步提问法”。
（1）先确定疑问词。
划线的in ten minutes 和一般将来时态连用，表示“在十分钟后”或“过十分钟”，因而疑问词为how soon .
（2）把原句改为一般疑问句为：Will your teacher be back in ten minutes ?
（3）把疑问词how soon 放在句首，其后跟上一般疑问句，把划线部分去掉，最终的句子为： How soon will your teacher be back ?
句型转换的解题技巧不是一朝一夕就能形成的，需要在平日的学习和练习中用心体会，认真钻研，勤总结，多归纳，善积累。
【例题展示】
一、肯定句变为一般疑问句及否定句
1.(2016·上海)He was so clever.（变为一般疑问句） ______ ______ so clever?
2.(2016·湖北荆州)John felt happy at that time.（变为一般疑问句）______ John ______ happy at that time?
3.(2016·湖北孝感)We can fly to the moon one day（变为一般疑问句）.______ ______ fly to the moon one day?
【答案】1.Was he 2.Did feel 3.Can you
【解析】变为一般疑问句时，系动词be、助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。
4.(2016·甘肃兰州)The twins were happy to see their uncle.（变为否定句）
The twins ______ ______ to see their uncle.
5.(2016·江苏淮安)Mr. Smith works hard every day.（变为否定句）21*cnjy*com
Mr. Smith ______ ______ hard every day.
6.(2016·新疆阜康米泉)The doctor could help that people.（变为否定句）
The doctor _____ _____ that people.
【答案】4.weren’t happy 5.doesn’t work 6.couldn’t help
【解析】变为否定句时，系动词、助动词或情态动词后加not。
7.(2016·黑龙江龙东)Mother told me to go to bed early last night.（变为否定句）
Mother told me ______ ______ go to bed early last night.
8.(2016·湖南永州)Let’s play basketball on the playground this afternoon.（变为否定句）
Let’s ______ ______ basketball on the playground.
【答案】7.not to 8.not play
【解析】一些特殊结构，变否定句时，在动词（词组）后直接加not。另外，还有ask sb (not) to do sth，Will you please (not) do sth，had better (not) do sth，try (not) to do sth, decide (not) to do sth等。
9.(2016·湖南郴州)This is Kate’s hat.（对划线部分提问）______ ______ is this?
10.(2016·湖南郴州)The man in the car is my father’s friend.（对划线部分提问）____ ____ is ______ father’s friend?
11.(2016·湖南郴州)They are looking for the boy in the city（对划线部分提问）.______ are they ______ in the city?
12.(2016·湖南郴州)Ann flew to Beijing last year.（对划线部分提问）What _____ Ann ______ last year?
【答案】9. Whose hat 10. Which man your 11. what doing 12. did do
【解析】对划线部分提问对划线部分提问是根据划线的内容提出一个特殊疑问句。即特殊疑问词+一般疑问句构成。如划线部分是定语，它所修饰的词要跟随特殊疑问词移至句前。划线部分如是谓语动词，应该用do的形式来取代。常见疑问词(组)：what，what+名词(如what colour，what grade等)，when，why，where，who(whom)，which，whose，how，how+形容词副词(如how long，how far，how often，how soon等)。要注意以上各种疑问词(组)的用法。
13.(2016·黑龙江齐齐哈尔)Class 3 were the winners in the race, ______ ______?（反意疑问句）
14.（2017连云港市）The man couldn’t climb up the tree, ______ ______?（反意疑问句）
15.（2017昆明市）There is little water in the bottle, ______ ______?（反意疑问句）
16.[2017福州市]Don’t tell him the bad news, ______ ______? （反意疑问句）
【答案】13.weren’t they 14. could he 15. is there 16. will you
【解析】反意疑问句的前半句为陈述句，后半句为简短的一般疑问句，在改写当中，要注意：
a.前肯后否，前否后肯；
b.人称、时态和数要保持一致；
c.各种祈使句，反意疑问句的后半句都用will you，但Let’s…句用shall we；
d.注意一些特殊词，如little，few，no，nothing，never等出现时，前半句表示否定的概念，后半句应用肯定形式。21cnjy.com
17.[2017成都市]He was so young that he can’t read.（同义句） He was ______ ______ ______ read.
18.[2017安徽省]We can’t live if there is no air or water.（同义句）We can’t live ______ air or water.
19.[2017沈阳市]I don’t know what I can do.（同义句）I don’t know ______ ______ do.
【答案】17. too young to 18. without 19. what to
【解析】复合句变为简单句由复合句变为简单句时，一般都是将复合句中的从句改为不定式形式，或是介词短语的形式。比如so…that可以改写成too…to结构的简单句，但应注意to后面必须直接跟行为动词的原形。
20.[2017广东省]What’s the matter, Granny?（同义句） ______ ______ with you, Granny?
21.（2017江西省南昌）Li Lei is the tallest in his class.（同义句）Li Lei is ____ than _____ ______ student in his class.
【答案】20.what’s wrong 21.taller any other
【解析】特定词组、句型的特殊用法
22.(2017四川)Li Ping does well in English.（同义句） Li Ping _____ _____ _____ English.
23.[2016宜昌市]I can mend the bike. Li Lei can, too.（同义句） I can mend the bike, and _____ _____ Li Lei.
24.(2017辽宁本溪)You can’t take both the basketball and the football.（同义句）
You can take _____the basketball ____the football.
【答案】22. is good at 23. so can 24. either or
【解析】同义句转换
25.(2017，北京)We are going to help the farmers on the farm tomorrow. (用now改写)
We ______ ______ the farmers on the farm ______.
26.(2017，上海)His brother won’t do the shopping tomorrow. (改为一般现在时)【版权所有：21教育】
His brother _____ _____ the shopping on Sundays.
【答案】25. are helping now 26. doesn’t do
【解析】时态转换,根据标志词确定谓语结构。
27.(2017，天津)The twins study Chinese very hard.（改为感叹句）_____ _____ the twins study Chinese!
28.(2017，天津)The weather was rather bad yesterday. （改为感叹句） ______ ______ ______ it was yesterday!
29.(2017，重庆)The flowers are beautiful.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ ______ they are!
【答案】27. How hard 28. What bad weather 29. What beautiful flowers
【解析】改为感叹句,一断二选三换位，有名词选what没有名词则选how
30.(2017，南京)I could dance and sing when I was five years old.(否定句)
I ______ dance ______ sing when I was five years old.
【答案】couldn’t or
【解析】如果肯定句中含有some，and，a lot oflots of，already，tooalso, both…and, everythingeveryoneeverybody, always等词(组)，要变为any，or，muchmany，yet， either, neither…nor, nothingnobody, never。
31.(2017，武汉)He can make a model plane, I think. (否定句)
I ______ think he ______ make a model plane.
【答案】 don’t can
【解析】否定前移
【注意的几个问题】
首先应看清题意，分析句子结构，再按句子要求变换句型。
注意时态；
句子的成分不变。原句的句子在改变句型时仍不可缺少，否则句子不完整，但有一个例外，在陈述句改为感叹句时，要增加句子成分，感叹词what和how分别为按句子的要求而增加的定语或状语，句子其他成分不变；
反复推敲，确保无误。改变后要看看意思是否与要求相符，有没有语法和习惯用法方面的错误。
