专题七 词性变换题 解题技巧
词形变换是各省市中考中的一个保留题型,它所涉及到的形式主要包括:名词的数与格;代词及其格(主格、宾格、所有格);数词的形式(基数词和序数词);动词(单数第三人称、过去式、过去分词和现在分词) 及非谓语动词(动词不定式、动名词和分词);形容词,副词及其比较等级;反义词和同音异义词等。
一、词形变换题的命题形式:
词形变换题一般有三种出题形式:一种是按括号内的要求转换词形;一种是根据句意,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空;还有一种是括号内给出汉语,要求根据句子意思及所给汉语提示,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。第一种题型,即按括号内的要求变换词形比较简单,要做好它靠平时多积累,强化记忆即可。第二、三种题型较复杂,它涉及动词的时态、语态及各类词之间的相互转化等。
二、答题方法
要做好该类题必须注意以下几点:
1. 通读全句,弄清句意;
2. 弄清所给单词的词义、词性以及具体要求。
3. 要考虑到该词所处的语境及其他词对它的限制;
4. 注意单词拼写务必正确。
三、命题方向
出题量最大,也是最难把握的方向——同词根不同词类之间的相互转换
常考的相互转换词类有四种:名词、动词、形容词、副词
名词 ( 动词、形容词 动词、形容词 ( 名词
动词 ( 形容词 形容词 ( 动词
形容词 ( 副词 副词 ( 形容词
做这样的转换需要平时大量的积累,建立词根词缀的概念,多掌握常用的词缀,灵活变通
最基本题型,必考方向——名词、代词、数词
名词考察方向:1. 复数
代词考察方向:1. 宾格 2. 形容词性、名词性物主代词转换 3. 反身代词可能出现
数词考察方向:1. 基数词、序数词的拼写与互换 2. 分数可能出现
简单题型,多练即可把握——比较级最高级
需要掌握:1. 比较级和最高级的变化方式 2. 比较级和最高级的辨识关键词
较难题型,多次转换,反义理解
有时候词类之间需要越级变换,要仔细斟酌词类间的修饰关系,确保答案的正确性
较难题目不仅会越级变换,还需要添加反义,这需要更耐心细致地解题,分析题意
方法一、当所给词为名词时,应注意名词的复数形式、名词所有格形式、名词转换为形容词、名词转换为动词等情况。21世纪教育网版权所有
(一)以下几题考查名词的单复数形式,名词所有格。
1.(2017年中考)The street?near my house?is?always?crowded with?cars?and _________. (bus)
2.(2017年中考)They bought some _________ at the supermarket yesterday. (potato)21cnjy.com
3.(2017.南京市)?Last week I want to my _______(aunt) house to teach her how to send E-mail.
?4.(2017兰州市)My brother, Jim, has become a _______(law). He’s very busy every day. 21·cn·jy·com
(二)以下几题考查名词转换为形容词:
5.(2016年中考)To be lovely Shanghai , we should be helpful and ________ to others. friend)
6.(2016烟台市)The longer people waited for help, the _______(danger) the situation became.
7.(2016年中考)It is ____________ of Peter to pay so much money for clothes. (fool )www.21-cn-jy.com
8.(2017年中考)The Iraq War has made thousands of children _____. (home)21·世纪*教育网
9.(2017年中考)I believe knowledge is more _______ than money. (power)2·1·c·n·j·y
10. (2017年中考)Fishing is one of my ________ outdoor activities. (favour)2-1-c-n-j-y
(三)以下几题考查名词转换为动词:
11.(2017年中考)Put some milk into the flour, break two eggs and then _____ them. (mixture)
12. (2017年中考试运转)Grandpa is going to ________ his house and live with us. (sale)21*cnjy*com
13.(2017年中考)More and more foreigners are learning to ______ Chinese nowadays. (speech)
方法二、所给词为形容词或副词时,应注意其三级(原级、比较级、最高级)的变化及其与反义词之间的转换。还应注意形容词与其副词形式之间的转换,形容词转换为副词一般是在形容词后加上后缀-ly。
(2016年中考)The children were ____ excited when they saw the two pandas, Tuantuan and Yuanyuan. (real)
15.(2016年中考)It is ___________to improve our English without enough practice. (possible)
16. (2017年中考)Listen! The birds are singing ________ in the woods. (beautiful)【出处:21教育名师】
17.(2017年中考)Mary is good at writing. She will ________ be a reporter in the future. (possible)
18. (2017年中考)It’s difficult for us to tell the ________ between these two words. (different)
19.(2016随州市)Paris is one of the ______(lively) cities in Europe.21*cnjy*com
方法二、当所给词为代词时,应注意代词本身的变化。如人称代词的主格与宾格变化、物主代词的名词性与形容词性的变化、人称代词与物主代词的相互转换、人称代词与反身代词的转换等。
20.(2017年中考)“Would you tell ________ about your trip to Russia?”?the children asked Uncle Joe. (we)
21.(2017年兰州)Billy looks upset. What happened to ________?(he)
22.(2017年中考)Mandy has got a lovely dog. ________ name is Oliver. (It)
23.(2017扬州市)—?Whose are those pencil cases?
—Oh, they are ________(我们的).
24.(2016贵阳市)(根据句意填入适当的词)“Can I help you, Sally?”“No, thanks. I can do it by______.”
25.(2016济南市)Look!The people in the river ________(swim).
26.(2017兰州市)His son will write to me as soon as he _________(pass) the exam.
27.(2017贵阳市)Teenagers are not _______(suppose) to smoke because smoking is bad for their health.
28.(2017烟台市)Mike can still remember________(give) a bike as a present on his 18th birthday.
方法三、、如果所给的单词是数词,要注意是使用基数词还是序数词。例如:
29.(2017烟台市)There are too many new words in the _______(twelve) unit.【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
方法四、?介词后应用名词或动名词。
30.(2017苏州市)I’m thinking of _______(邀请)them to spend the summer with me in Italy.
方法五、、注意固定结构及习惯用法:
31.(2017南京市)My cousin is used to _____(study) with his new friends in Australia.
32.(2016襄樊市)She enjoyed _______(play) the piano when she was very young.
词性转换题遵循的几个原则:
先确定空格的句子成分,推断是用什么词性;
第二,根据已知条件所给的的词性进行转换。如何推断呢?句中空格用名词时,要注意名词的单复数,所有格。句子为主系表结构时,空格前有数词或冠词而后没有名词时,须用名词;若没有数词或冠词要用形容词(主系表中:好多是由形容词充当表语)。名词前要用形容词修饰。大多动词后要用副词修饰,大多形容词前要用副词修饰。数词填空要区别基数词还是序数词。介词后用名词或动名词。代词中主格作主语,宾格作宾语,形容词性物主代词作定语,名词性物主代词作表语。
【例题展示】
一、(2017?广东省)用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Make_________at home,Jerry and Terry.(you)
2.Turn to the ____________page and you will find some useful in-formation about local customs.(nine)
3.The war between the Greeks and the ______________lasted ten years.(Troy)
4.Before the man is thrown into prison,more____________areneed-ed.(prove)【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
5.In space,there are still many new stars we are ____________of.(aware)
6.The thief ran out of the house and soon ______________in the darkness.(appear)
7.The____________temple was badly destroyed in a bigfire.(wood)
8.The rooms in that five-star ho-tel are always _________________clean.(spot)
(二)、(2017?吉林)用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.When Tina was sad, her mother often told her some ______ to make her happy. (joke)
2.The young couple plan to have a ______ baby in the following year. (two)
3.Damin was a ______. He usually went fishing with a boat in the late afternoon. (fish)
4.I hadn’t seen Andera for ages. When I appeared before him, he looked very ______. (surprise)
5.A good diet should ______ plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits. (including)
6.The rising number of cars made the air in the city become even ______. (bad)
7.Angela’s interest in Chinese literature ______ come from her parent. (main)
8.The lady felt ______ and said that she would complain to the manager. (happy)
(三)(2017·湖南张家界)用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Have you made any plans ________ (visit) the teacher next week?
2.What will you do if you receive her ________ (invite)?www-2-1-cnjy-com
3.I never visit a friend’s home without ________ (call) first.21教育名师原创作品
4.He is ________ (suppose) to arrive at the station at 8:40.
5.They have invited me ________ (go) to Paris with them.
(四)(2017?青海西宁)用括号中所给单词适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词
1.Lots of products from __________ are warmly welcomed by most of people in Asia. (German)
2.We all know that wild animals which are now in danger need people’s _____________. (protect)
3.Tom’s grandfather showed great interest in Beijing opera in his ______________. (fifty)
4.Tan Dun played a piece of music with water at the ________________ of the concert. (begin)
5.Shanghai International Marathon and Half Marathon ____ lots of runners each year. (attraction)
6.It seems ___________ for Spring Festival Gala to satisfy all 1.3 billion Chinese. (possible)
7.That was such a ___________ experience to us, so we will never forget it. (frighten)
8.After years of searching, the police ____ found the lost boy and sent him back to his family. (successful)
(五)(2017?黑龙江龙东)用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Teenagers should ______(not allow)to work at night.
2.Do you need ______(talk) about it with your parents?
3.It is easy ______(say) but difficult ______(do).
4.When do you usually practice ______ (swim)in summer?
5.When I was sad, my mother always ______ (hug) me and cheered me up.
(六)(2017?四川雅安)用所给词的适当形式完成句子
1.It's ________(polite) of you to shout at your parents.
2.It's easy to be a listener but hard to be a ________(speak).
3.We are looking forward to ________(meet) you again.
4.Your ____________(suggest) are very helpful.Thank you so much.
5.The sign________(say)“Don't swim in the river.”
(七)(2016成都)用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Yesterday evening he ________ (process) his product.【版权所有:21教育】
2.He avoided ________ (watch) the show.
3.There are many ________ (handbag) in the shop.
4.People started the tradition in ________ (French).21教育网
5.We went to the ________ (locally) farm.
专题七 词性变换题 解题技巧
词形变换是各省市中考中的一个保留题型,它所涉及到的形式主要包括:名词的数与格;代词及其格(主格、宾格、所有格);数词的形式(基数词和序数词);动词(单数第三人称、过去式、过去分词和现在分词) 及非谓语动词(动词不定式、动名词和分词);形容词,副词及其比较等级;反义词和同音异义词等。
一、词形变换题的命题形式:
词形变换题一般有三种出题形式:一种是按括号内的要求转换词形;一种是根据句意,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空;还有一种是括号内给出汉语,要求根据句子意思及所给汉语提示,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。第一种题型,即按括号内的要求变换词形比较简单,要做好它靠平时多积累,强化记忆即可。第二、三种题型较复杂,它涉及动词的时态、语态及各类词之间的相互转化等。
二、答题方法
要做好该类题必须注意以下几点:
1. 通读全句,弄清句意;
2. 弄清所给单词的词义、词性以及具体要求。
3. 要考虑到该词所处的语境及其他词对它的限制;
4. 注意单词拼写务必正确。
三、命题方向
出题量最大,也是最难把握的方向——同词根不同词类之间的相互转换
常考的相互转换词类有四种:名词、动词、形容词、副词
名词 ( 动词、形容词 动词、形容词 ( 名词
动词 ( 形容词 形容词 ( 动词
形容词 ( 副词 副词 ( 形容词
做这样的转换需要平时大量的积累,建立词根词缀的概念,多掌握常用的词缀,灵活变通
最基本题型,必考方向——名词、代词、数词
名词考察方向:1. 复数
代词考察方向:1. 宾格 2. 形容词性、名词性物主代词转换 3. 反身代词可能出现
数词考察方向:1. 基数词、序数词的拼写与互换 2. 分数可能出现
简单题型,多练即可把握——比较级最高级
需要掌握:1. 比较级和最高级的变化方式 2. 比较级和最高级的辨识关键词
较难题型,多次转换,反义理解
有时候词类之间需要越级变换,要仔细斟酌词类间的修饰关系,确保答案的正确性
较难题目不仅会越级变换,还需要添加反义,这需要更耐心细致地解题,分析题意
方法一、当所给词为名词时,应注意名词的复数形式、名词所有格形式、名词转换为形容词、名词转换为动词等情况。21cnjy.com
(一)以下几题考查名词的单复数形式,名词所有格。
1.(2017年中考)The street?near my house?is?always?crowded with?cars?and _________. (bus)
主语???????? ?定语???????? 状语??????谓语????宾语21·世纪*教育网
【解析】应该填入buses。本题是典型的主谓宾结构句子,介词短语near my house作主语的后置定语,副词always作状语,放在系动词后,is crowded with作谓语,cars作宾语。由连词and前面联结了cars可知,本空也要要用名词作宾语,而且也是复数形式。已知条件bus为单数形式,应变为复数形式buses。因此,我们在平时的学习中要注意名词的复数形式的构成方法。21*cnjy*com
2.(2017年中考)They bought some _________ at the supermarket yesterday. (potato)
【解析】本题应该填入potatoes。本空也是作宾语,已知potato是可数名词,用some修饰时应将其单数形式转换成复数形式,注意它的复数形式是加es。
3.(2017.南京市)?Last week I want to my _______(aunt) house to teach her how to send E-mail.
【解析】应填“(我)姑妈的(家)”,用所有格形式,答案为:aunt’s。?本题last week作时间状语,I为主语,want to?谓语,house宾语,to teach her how to send E-mail.为目的状语(由不定式充当的),故空格是修饰名词house的,应为定语,而已知条件aunt是名词,故要变成所有格形式。
?4.(2017兰州市)My brother, Jim, has become a _______(law). He’s very busy every day.
【解析】本题.My brother主语,Jim主语的同位语,has become谓语,很明显空格作宾语,前有冠词,空格应为名词。由已知law法律是名词可推断,“我哥哥吉姆成了律师,他每天很忙”,这里应填入“律师”,又因“我哥哥”是单数,故答案为:lawyer。
(二)以下几题考查名词转换为形容词:
5.(2016年中考)To be lovely Shanghai , we should be helpful and ________ to others. friend)
【解析】本题应该填入friendly。本题中,To be lovely Shang hai介词短语作状语,we主语,be系动词,helpful表语,to others介词短语作状语,很明显是主系表结构,由连词and联结对等句子成分可知,空格的词性应和helpful一样,而helpful为形容词作表语,故本空必须是形容词。已知条件friend“朋友”为名词,故应变为形容词。
6.(2016烟台市)The longer people waited for help, the _______(danger) the situation became.
【解析】题意“形势变得越危险,人们就越期待帮助”。应用“the+比较级,the+比较级”句型,。danger为名词。故填more dangerous。21教育网
7.(2016年中考)It is ____________ of Peter to pay so much money for clothes. (fool )
【解析】本题其实还是主系表结构。只是it为形式主语,真正地主语是不定式to pay so much money for clothes。故空格还是得用形容词。由已知fool为名词可知,应变换为形容词foolish。
8.(2017年中考)The Iraq War has made thousands of children _____. (home)
【解析】The Iraq War(伊拉克战争)为主语,has made谓语,?children宾语,thousands
?of修饰children作它的定语,很明显空格为补语。我们在动词中讲“find,make+sb./sth.+形容词”的结构,形容词可作宾补。由题义知,“伊拉克战争使成千上万的孩子无家可归。”
由已知home为名词可知,应变换为形容词。故填入homeless。
9.(2017年中考)I believe knowledge is more _______ than money. (power)
【解析】本题是由believe+宾语从句,从句中是主系表结构,表明空格应填形容词。或者根据句意以及more...than为比较级的句型提示,可以知道空格为形容词。由已知条件power力量为名词,故应该变换为形容词powerful。
10. (2017年中考)Fishing is one of my ________ outdoor activities. (favour)
【解析】本题还是主系表结构。is后面的部分皆为表语,若表语中有数词或冠词修饰,表语一般由名词充当;这不,本题的表语中心词activities就是名词,而且是复数形式。故前面的空格修饰它时,应该用形容词。由已知favour“偏爱”为名词可知,应该填入形容词favourite。
(三)以下几题考查名词转换为动词:
11.(2017年中考)Put some milk into the flour, break two eggs and then _____ them. (mixture)
【解析】本句是祈使句,空格又是有连词and联结(因为break two eggs为and联结的前半部,故空格也要用相同的句子成分,相同的词性,break为动词原形,当然空格也应为动词原形)由已知mixture是名词,是动词mix的派生词。故填入mix。
12. (2017年中考试运转)Grandpa is going to ________ his house and live with us. (sale)
【解析】根据句意以及is going to +动词原形的提示,空格须填动词原形。Sale“卖”名词,须变换为动词sell.
13.(2017年中考)More and more foreigners are learning to ______ Chinese nowadays. (speech)
【解析】根据句意以及are going to +动词原形的提示,应填speak。
方法二、所给词为形容词或副词时,应注意其三级(原级、比较级、最高级)的变化及其与反义词之间的转换。还应注意形容词与其副词形式之间的转换,形容词转换为副词一般是在形容词后加上后缀-ly。
(2016年中考)The children were ____ excited when they saw the two pandas, Tuantuan and Yuanyuan. (real)
【解析】The children were __________ excited为主句,是主系表结构,when they saw the two pandas, Tuantuan and Yuanyuan.为时间状语从句,Tuantuan and Yuanyuan为从句中pandas的同位语。以前我们讲过be excited的主语是人,be exciting的主语是物。很明显,excited为形容词,空格要修饰形容词,必然为副词。而已知real为形容词,故应变为副词really。
15.(2016年中考)It is ___________to improve our English without enough practice. (possible)
【解析】本题所缺单词在系动词is后,应该填形容词作其表语,由于所给单词本身是形容词,所以在词性上无需作变化,根据句意应该用所给词的反义词,possible?加上前缀im,改为impossible。注意:本句的真正主语是不定式,而it只是形式主语。
16. (2017年中考)Listen! The birds are singing ________ in the woods. (beautiful)
【解析】Listen为插入语,The birds主语,are singing谓语,in the woods状语,是五种简单句中的“主语+谓语”结构。动词后的空格,应用副词。(大多副词修饰动词时置后,只有频度副词修饰时置前)由beautiful为形容词可知,本题应填副词beautifully。
17.(2017年中考)Mary is good at writing. She will ________ be a reporter in the future. (possible)
【解析】She主语,will be系动词,a reporter表语,in the future状语,空格应为状语,由副词充当,已知possible为形容词,故应变为副词, 本题应该填入possibly。句意,“玛丽擅长写,她可能在将来会是一个记者。”
18. (2017年中考)It’s difficult for us to tell the ________ between these two words. (different)
【解析】本题应该填入difference(s)。根据句意及定冠词the的提示,可知这里需填入一个名词,注意the可以加单数或复数名词。
19.(2016随州市)Paris is one of the ______(lively) cities in Europe.
【解析】本题是主系表结构,表语中有数词one,故知表语应为名词,而cities就是名词,那么再修饰它的就是形容词了,由已知lively就是形容词可知,词性不须变换了,问题是是空格前还有the,哦!原来是形容词的最高级哟。“巴黎是欧洲最有活力的城市之一”,故答案为liveliest。
请注意5、6的区别:虽然都有the,但5题中the后缺名词,不应填形容词最高级。而6题中已有名词,故要用形容词最高级。
方法二、当所给词为代词时,应注意代词本身的变化。如人称代词的主格与宾格变化、物主代词的名词性与形容词性的变化、人称代词与物主代词的相互转换、人称代词与反身代词的转换等。
20.(2017年中考)“Would you tell ________ about your trip to Russia?”?the children asked Uncle Joe. (we)
【解析】本题考查人称代词。句中人称代词用作动词tell的宾语,因此用宾格us。
21.(2017年兰州)Billy looks upset. What happened to ________?(he)
【解析】本题应该填入him。人称代词放在介词后,应用宾格。
22.(2017年中考)Mandy has got a lovely dog. ________ name is Oliver. (It)
【解析】本题应该填入Its。本题考查形容词性物主代词,要注意单词位于句首时首字母要大写。
23.(2017扬州市)—?Whose are those pencil cases?
—Oh, they are ________(我们的).
【解析】本句应填“我们的铅笔盒”,后面没有名词pencil cases,因此应填名词性物主代词ours作表语。
24.(2016贵阳市)(根据句意填入适当的词)“Can I help you, Sally?”“No, thanks. I can do it by______.”
【解析】根据题意应填“我自己(能做)”,故答案为反身代词:myself。
25.(2016济南市)Look!The people in the river ________(swim).
【解析】本题缺谓语,根据look可判断“people in the river”正在游泳,故应用现在进行时,people为集体名词,谓语动词用复数形式,答案为:are swimming。
26.(2017兰州市)His son will write to me as soon as he _________(pass) the exam.
【解析】本题缺谓语,根据时态一致原则,主句一般将来时,时间状语从句应用一般现在时,又因he是第三人称单数,故应填入passes。
27.(2017贵阳市)Teenagers are not _______(suppose) to smoke because smoking is bad for their health.
【解析】本题缺谓语,题意“青少年不(被)允许吸烟”应用被动语态,故用过去分词:supposed。
28.(2017烟台市)Mike can still remember________(give) a bike as a present on his 18th birthday.
【解析】本题不缺谓语,动词后填动词应用动词非谓语。“马克仍能记得人们给他一台自行车作为他的18岁生日礼物”,remember后接动名词,表示“记得做过某事”(已做过),而接不定式,表示“记得该做某事”(还未做),此处应填动名词的被动式,即:being given。
方法三、、如果所给的单词是数词,要注意是使用基数词还是序数词。例如:
29.(2017烟台市)There are too many new words in the _______(twelve) unit.
【解析】题意“第2单元有许多生词”。应用序数词,故答案为:twelfth。
方法四、?介词后应用名词或动名词。
30.(2017苏州市)I’m thinking of _______(邀请)them to spend the summer with me in Italy.
【解析】of是介词,其后的动词应变成动名词形式,作介词宾语,故答案为inviting。
方法五、、注意固定结构及习惯用法:
31.(2017南京市)My cousin is used to _____(study) with his new friends in Australia.【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
【解析】be used to +名词或动名词,表示“习惯于做”,故应用studying。
32.(2016襄樊市)She enjoyed _______(play) the piano when she was very young. 21*cnjy*com
【解析】enjoy后接名词、代词或动名词,但不接不定式。故答案为:playing。
词性转换题遵循的几个原则:
先确定空格的句子成分,推断是用什么词性;
第二,根据已知条件所给的的词性进行转换。如何推断呢?句中空格用名词时,要注意名词的单复数,所有格。句子为主系表结构时,空格前有数词或冠词而后没有名词时,须用名词;若没有数词或冠词要用形容词(主系表中:好多是由形容词充当表语)。名词前要用形容词修饰。大多动词后要用副词修饰,大多形容词前要用副词修饰。数词填空要区别基数词还是序数词。介词后用名词或动名词。代词中主格作主语,宾格作宾语,形容词性物主代词作定语,名词性物主代词作表语。
【例题展示】
一、(2017?广东省)用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Make_________at home,Jerry and Terry.(you)
【答案】yourselves
【解析】主要考make yourself at home这个词组,学生基本上能将you变成yourself,但往往忽视本句的说话对象是Jerry and Terry两个人,而没有将yourself改成yourselves,而且错的人较多,反映出学生粗心的坏习惯。
2.Turn to the ____________page and you will find some useful in-formation about local customs.(nine)
【答案】ninth.
【解析】主要考nine的序数词,学生基本掌握了基数词加-th的原则,但忽视nine的序数词要去e变成ninth.
3.The war between the Greeks and the ______________lasted ten years.(Troy)
【答案】Trojans
【解析】主要考Trojans,学生的问题在于对这个词的拼写。由于此词发音与children发音相似,导致部分学生受children影响,不能正确拼写这个单词。21教育名师原创作品
4.Before the man is thrown into prison,more____________areneed-ed.(prove)
【答案】proof
【解析】主要考查prove的名词形式,受书上句子I need proof.的影响,大部分同学的答案为proof.因为proof大部分是作为不可数名词用,书上的句子也是这么用的。问题在于,proof的后面是are needed.很明显,前面是要填名词复数,因为proof在作具体的证据而言是可数的,因此并没有引起学生们的注意,导致此题失分严重。
5.In space,there are still many new stars we are ____________of.(aware)
【答案】unaware
【解析】主要考查aware的否定形式unaware,由于平时非常强调单词的前后缀的使用,故此题得分率较高。大部分同学能做出此题。
6.The thief ran out of the house and soon ______________in the darkness.(appear)
【答案】disappear
【解析】主要考查appear的否定形式disappear,学生大多能写出此词,但仍有部分同学忘记时态的使用,没有加过去式,还是有粗心的坏习惯。
7.The____________temple was badly destroyed in a bigfire.(wood)
【答案】wooden
【解析】主要考查wood的形容词形式wooden,比较容易。
8.The rooms in that five-star ho-tel are always _________________clean.(spot)21·cn·jy·com
【答案】spotlessly
【解析】主要考查spot的副词spotlessly。
(二)、(2017?吉林)用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.When Tina was sad, her mother often told her some ______ to make her happy. (joke)
2.The young couple plan to have a ______ baby in the following year. (two)
3.Damin was a ______. He usually went fishing with a boat in the late afternoon. (fish)
4.I hadn’t seen Andera for ages. When I appeared before him, he looked very ______. (surprise)
5.A good diet should ______ plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits. (including)
6.The rising number of cars made the air in the city become even ______. (bad)
7.Angela’s interest in Chinese literature ______ come from her parent. (main)
8.The lady felt ______ and said that she would complain to the manager. (happy)
【答案】1.jokes2.second3.fisherman4.surprised5.include6.worse7.mainly8.unhappy
【解析】
1.句意:当蒂娜伤心的时候,她的妈妈经常给她讲一些笑话逗她开心。joke“玩笑、笑话”,可数名词,根据句中的some可知这里应填其复数形式,故答案填jokes。
2.句意:这对年轻的夫妇计划在接下来的一年里生第二个孩子。two“二”,基数词;由句意可知这里应填其序数词,表示“第二”,故答案填second。
3.句意:达明是一个渔夫,他通常在傍晚时乘小船去钓鱼。根据本句的主语Damin是一个人,再结合句意,可知这里应填名词“渔夫”,其英文是fisherman,故答案填fisherman。
4.句意:我已经很久没见到Andera了,当我出现在他面前时,他显得很惊讶。此题中的look是系动词,后面用surprised作表语,故答案填surprised。
5.句意:一个好的食谱应该包括大量新鲜的蔬菜和水果。including介词“包含”;分析题干可知这里应填一个动词形式,与including所对应的动词是include,故答案填include。
6.句意:越来越多的汽车使城市的空气变得更糟。根据句意可知是“更糟”,所以用bad的比较级形式worse,故答案填worse。
7.句意:安吉拉对中国文学的兴趣主要来自她的父母。分析题干可知这里应填一个副词形式修饰后面的动词词组“come from”,与main所对应的副词是mainly,故答案填mainly。www.21-cn-jy.com
8.句意:那位女士感到不高兴,说她要向经理投诉。felt是feel的过去式,在这里是系动词,后跟形容词作表语;根据句子的后半句“说她要向经理投诉”,可知是那位女士“不高兴了”,故答案填unhappy。
点睛:本题首先要粗读每个句子,看每个句子是什么意思。然后根据所要填写的内容,看它在句子中做什么成分,需要什么词性。需要填名词的,注意单复数;需要填动词的,注意动词的形式;需要填形容词的,注意用原级、比较级还是最高级;需要填数词的,注意基数词和序数词的区分。如,第1小题,用名词的复数形式;第2小题,用数词的序数词形式。
(三)(2017·湖南张家界)用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Have you made any plans ________ (visit) the teacher next week?
2.What will you do if you receive her ________ (invite)?
3.I never visit a friend’s home without ________ (call) first.21世纪教育网版权所有
4.He is ________ (suppose) to arrive at the station at 8:40.
5.They have invited me ________ (go) to Paris with them.
【答案】1.to visit2.invitation3.calling4.supposed5.to go
【解析】
1.句意:你已经制定了下周拜访老师的计划吗?make plans to do sth,制定计划做某事,故填 to visit
2.句意:如果你收到了她的邀请函你会做什么?形容词性物主代词后加名词。结合句意,故填 invitation
3.句意:在不事前打电话我从不到朋友家拜访。without,没有,介词,后面加名词或者动名词。结合句意,故填calling
4.句意:他应该在八点四十到达车站。be supposed to do sth,应该做某事,结合句意,故填supposed
5.句意:他们邀请我和他们去巴黎。invite sb to do sth,邀请某人做某事。结合句意,故填 to go
点睛:用单词的正确形式填空,首先要整体把握这个句子,考虑该句句意及缺少的成分。如:2题,结合句意及结构,可知缺少名词,所以用invite的名词invitation。3题,根据without是介词,所以后加名词或者动名词做宾语。结合句意,可知填写calling。其次,平时学习中还要注意固定搭配及固定用法。如:be supposed to do,应该做某事,invite sb to do sth,邀请某人做某事;make plans to do sth,制定计划做某事。
(四)(2017?青海西宁)用括号中所给单词适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词
1.Lots of products from __________ are warmly welcomed by most of people in Asia. (German)
2.We all know that wild animals which are now in danger need people’s _____________. (protect)
3.Tom’s grandfather showed great interest in Beijing opera in his ______________. (fifty)【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
4.Tan Dun played a piece of music with water at the ________________ of the concert. (begin)
5.Shanghai International Marathon and Half Marathon ____ lots of runners each year. (attraction)
6.It seems ___________ for Spring Festival Gala to satisfy all 1.3 billion Chinese. (possible)www-2-1-cnjy-com
7.That was such a ___________ experience to us, so we will never forget it. (frighten)
8.After years of searching, the police ____ found the lost boy and sent him back to his family. (successful)
【答案】1.Germany2.protection3.fifties4.beginning5.attract6.impossible7.frightening8.successfully
【解析】
1.句意:许多来自德国的产品受到亚洲大多数人的热烈欢迎。German英文是“德国人”,根据句意可知这里应填一个名词“德国”,英文是 Germany,故答案填Germany。
2.句意:我们都知道现在处于危险中的野生动物需要人们的保护。protect“保护”,动词;根据句意可知这里应填一个名词形式,与protect相对应的名词是protection,故答案填protection。
3.句意:汤姆的祖父五十多岁时对京剧表现出极大的兴趣。固定结构“in+ one’s+整十的复数形式”表示“在某人多少岁时”,in his fifties意为“在他五十多岁时”,故答案填fifties。
4.句意:音乐会开始时,谭盾用水演奏了一段音乐。根据定冠词the可知横线处缺名词,begin是动词,名词形式是beginning,“在…的开始”:at the beginning of,故答案填beginning。
5.句意:上海国际马拉松和半程马拉松每年都吸引着大量的跑步者。attraction“吸引”,名词;由题干可知这里应填一个动词,与attraction相对应的动词是attract,故答案填attract。
6.句意:春节联欢晚会似乎不可能满足所有13亿中国人的要求。根据句意可知春节联欢晚会让13亿中国人都满意是不可能的,所有这里应填possible的反义词impossible,故答案填impossible。
7.句意:这对我们来说是一次可怕的经历,所以我们永远不会忘记。frighten“害怕”,动词;由句意可知这里应填一个形容词来修饰后面的experience,与frighten对应的形容词是frightening,故答案填frightening。
8.句意:经过多年的查找,警方成功找到了失踪的男孩,并把他送回了家。successful “成功的”,形容词;分析题干可知这里应填一个副词修饰后面的动词found,与successful对应的副词是successfully,故答案填successfully。
(五)(2017?黑龙江龙东)用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Teenagers should ______(not allow)to work at night.
2.Do you need ______(talk) about it with your parents?
3.It is easy ______(say) but difficult ______(do).
4.When do you usually practice ______ (swim)in summer?
5.When I was sad, my mother always ______ (hug) me and cheered me up.
【答案】1.not be allowed 2.to talk 3.to say to do 4.swimming 5.hug
【解析】
1.should应该,否定式直接+not。根据句意,teenagers是动词allow的受动者,需用被动式,故填not be allowed。
2.need需要,在此是实义动词,后面需接不定式结构;根据句意和英语提示,可知填to talk。
3.本句it是形式主语,后面的不定式才是真正主语,而but连接的是并列结构,前后须一致;根据句意和英语提示,可知填(1). to say (2). to do。
4.practice doing sth.练习做某事;根据句意和英语提示,可知填swimming。
5.本句是时间状语从句,and连接的是并列结构,根据其后的cheered me up,结合句意和英语提示,可知填hug。
点睛:用单词的正确形式填空,主要考查单词形式,包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词,主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词(形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词)等。这类题目难度不大,重点是掌握句意,在理解的基础上把握句子时态,从而判断所给单词的正确形式。2·1·c·n·j·y
(六)(2017?四川雅安)用所给词的适当形式完成句子
1.It's ________(polite) of you to shout at your parents.【版权所有:21教育】
2.It's easy to be a listener but hard to be a ________(speak).
3.We are looking forward to ________(meet) you again.
4.Your ____________(suggest) are very helpful.Thank you so much.
5.The sign________(say)“Don't swim in the river.”
【答案】1.impolite2.speaker3.meeting4.suggestions5.says【出处:21教育名师】
【解析】
1.句意:你对父母大喊大叫是不礼貌的。向父母大喊大叫是不礼貌的行为,故答案为impolite。
2.句意:做一个倾听者很容易,但是做一个演讲者却很难。不定冠词a后跟可数名词的单数形式,结合句意可知,答案为speaker。2-1-c-n-j-y
3.句意:我们期待着再次见到你。look forward to doing sth.期盼着做某事,故答案为meeting。
4.句意:你的建议很有帮助,非常感谢。根据are判断,主语为名词的复数形式,故答案为suggestions。
5.句意:牌子上写着“不要在河里游泳”。主语The sign视作第三人称单数,一般现在时态,谓语动词要用三单形式,故答案为says。
(七)(2016成都)用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Yesterday evening he ________ (process) his product.
2.He avoided ________ (watch) the show.
3.There are many ________ (handbag) in the shop.
4.People started the tradition in ________ (French).
5.We went to the ________ (locally) farm.
【答案】1.processed 2.watching3.handbags4.France5.local
【解析】
1.句意:昨天晚上他加工了他的产品。根据时间状语Yesterday判断,句子的时态为一般过去时,故答案为processed。
2.句意:他避免了看这个节目。avoid doing sth.避免做某事,故答案为watching。
3.句意:商店里有许多手提包。Many后跟可数名词的复数形式,故答案为handbags。
4.句意:人们开始了在法国的传统。in后跟地点,in France在法国。
5.句意:我们去了当地的农场。形容词修饰名词,故答案为local。