专题八 语法填空题解题技巧
语法填空题主要是在一篇200字左右的短文中，给出10个填空，每小题1分。其中3-4个空给出一个提示词，要求考生填写其正确形式;其余6-7个空结合上下文语境直接填词，每空不多于3个词。把语法知识测试全部放在语篇中进行,旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的词汇、语法等基础知识和对句型结构的灵活运用能力,而且还要求考生有良好的语感和一定的阅读理解能力。
题型介绍
1.有提示词填空
① 给出的提示词是名词:要考虑是否填名词的复数形式以及该名词的形容词、副词形式。
② 给出的提示词是动词:要认真分析句子的结构,理解句子的意思。
a. 如果填空处是谓语,要考虑时态、语态和动词的第三人称单数;
b. 如果填空处是非谓语,根据对句子成分的分析和对语境的理解,要考虑填to do、doing还是done
,同时,也要考虑该动作发生时间的先后以及与主语的关系(是主动关系还是被动关系),并填写相应的形式;
c. 在平时的模拟题中,有时还要根据句意填写该动词的名词形式,甚至是形容词或者副词形式。
2. 无提示词填空
按照考纲要求,无提示填空最多填3个单词,一般是填1个单词的,高考中考查的角度主要有:
① 代词:这类设空比较少,通常是根据句子意思填一个与语境相关的代词(通常是指示代词),这就要同学们认真体会句子意思了,在没有头绪时大胆猜想是否是填代词;【版权所有：21教育】
② 冠词:如果设空处后面是名词,那么可以考虑是否要填冠词,再根据句子意思分析是特指还是泛指,并填上合适的冠词,当然,在一些固定搭配中也会涉及冠词,这就要同学们做好积累了;
③ 介词:这类设空一般比较简单,主要涉及动词短语中的介词搭配、形容词短语中的介词搭配以及一些固定的介词短语,同学们根据句子意思以及平时的积累的固定搭配就可以秒杀它们了;
破解英语语法填空题技巧：语法填空是近年来中考英语科新推出的一种题型。这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平。本题型分两种情况：一种为已给单词提示，一种为不给单词提示。21*cnjy*com
一、已给单词提示题型的技巧
此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两种，一是词的形、数、式的变化，一是词的派生变化。在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题，看是否需要使用复合的变化形式，这一点是很重要的。www.21-cn-jy.com
方法一：名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例1：There are many students living at school，the (child)houses are all far from schoo1．
方法二：动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。21世纪教育网版权所有
例2：A talk (give)tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang．21·世纪*教育网
方法三：代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one／none、other／another等。
例3：The king decided to see the painter by (he)．
方法四：技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化。英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和．est，或在词前more／less和most／least，且形容词的绝对最高级还要冠以the。21cnjy.com
例4：I am (tall)than Liu Wen．He is the tallest students in my class．
方法五：数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一teen、．-ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one／two的特殊变化形式。
例5：To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses．My eldest son shall take a half,my second son shall take a (three)．．．
方法六：词的派生。词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的，派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。
例6：Lious lost his wallet yesterday，SO he was very____(happiness)．
二、未给单词提示题型的技巧此类题难度较大，但也是有方法对付的。
方法七：固定短语结构。根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。
例7：The children were playing on the ground，enjoying____，dirty but happy．
例8：His bosswas____angry astofire him．
方法八：从句引导词。从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。
例9：He did not done_____his father had asked him to do．
例10：Those_____want to go to the village must sign here．2·1·c·n·j·y
方法九：短语动词结构。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。
例11：The us consists____fifty states．
例12：Mrs Baker was ill，so her daughter had to ask for leave to take_____of her．21*cnjy*com
方法十：短语介词结构。短语介词即多个词的组合起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to等。
例13：Mr Smith took a plane to London____of taking a train．21·cn·jy·com
例14：Just then，he saw a blackboard in_____of him．
方法十一：：连词、关联短语结构。常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while等，常用的关联短语有both……and，either……or，neither……nor，not only……but also等。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
例15：Little Wang Jun could not go to school，_____his family was too poor．21教育网
例16：____Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre．
方法十二：冠词、介词和常用的副词。冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断；常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配；副词的量还是比较多，如：however，never，yet，much等，但一般不会考查．1y形式的方式副词(见技巧六——形容词派生副词的情况)。
例17：Jackie likes to drive at____ high speed．
例18：Old Tom’s grand·daughter used to visit him_____Saturday afternoon．【出处：21教育名师】
例19：Though Liu Qiang did the same work____Zhang Wen did，he got a lower pay______Zhang Wen．
例20：It was only one day left,_____，his father had no idea to answer him．
方法十三：上下文中出现的相关词。这一招是最为灵活的，但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识，填入某个已出现的词，或其反义词，或其同类的某个词。答案的线索可能在本句，可能出现在上下相连的一句，还可能出现在比较远的地方——上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句，则线索可能在上下段的首句；如果横线出现在某段的末句，则线索可能在上下段的末句，以此类推。
例21：Tony____travelling abroad，but dislikes staying home watching TV．
【例题展示】
一、(2017?广东)语法填空
在横线上填入合适的单词，使语篇意思完整。
Maybe you are more interested in sports than in history. You probably think you will never be a top student. In1．, anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. If you can use your time well, you may improve your study 2． much work. Here’s how:
Plan your time carefully. When you plan your week time, you should make a3．of things that you have to do. First write down the time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide on a good time for studying. Of course, studying shouldn’t take all of your time. Don’t forget to leave yourself enough4．for hobbies.
Find a good place to study. Look around the house5．a good study place. Keep this space, which may be a desk6．just a corner of your room. No games, radio, or television! When you sit down to work, think only about the subject!【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Make good use of your time in class. Listen7．to what the teacher says. Careful listening in class means less work later. You also need to take notes in class, because it can8．it easier for you to learn well.
There are only a few ways mentioned here to 9．you with your studying. I believe you find10．other ways besides these.www-2-1-cnjy-com
二、(2016?成都)用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，使语篇意思完整。
Paul is from Australia.He has short blonde hair，blue 11．(eye) and a big nose.He comes to China12．(study) with his parents.He likes13． (make) friends with others.He can speak Chinese 14． (good)．And everyone in his class 15．(like) him，so he is always the center of attention(关注)．His best friend is Lucy.Lucy is from Canada.She 16．(say) Paul is handsome and nice.She 17． (dream) of being a basketball player of national team(国家队)．But her parents want her to be an18．(act) because she has good looks.Scott is a Chinese boy.He lives with his grandparents in a village because his parents are working in Beijing.He can only see his parents once(一次) a year.He 19．(miss) his parents very much.To see his parents often，he spends much time20． (study) and he wants to walk out of his village.He is a great boy!
三、(2016?佛山)语法填空
在横线上填入合适的单词，使语篇意思完整。
We have a beautiful name—red-crowned cranes. We are named after the red caps on top of our heads. You may think the caps are our feathers. Actually(其实), they are combs(冠). We are one of the l21． birds in size in the world. We are the heaviest cranes. An adult(成年)red –crowned crane can w22． up to 11 kilograms. We are good at d23．. I think we are the most beautiful dancers of all the birds. We are also good singers. We sing loudly and b24．. We are good at flying as well. We fly to warm East Asia(亚洲)when s25． comes. We give birth to baby cranes there. We like to live together on wetlands in Southwest China and some other places.
We live on worms and small fish. We like to live in long grasses. Water and grasses are important for us. But s26．, life is harder these years. We are one of the m27．endangered birds in the world now. People keep taking our living areas to make farms and build houses. We don’t have enough s28． to live. And we don’t have enough food to feed our babies b29． people fish and hunt too much.
We need your help, my friends. Will you do s30． for us?
四、(2017?南京)语法填空在横线上填入合适的单词，使语篇意思完整。
When you go to another country, you should learn to speak the language. This isn’t something you can do with just a dictionary and a g31． book. Allow me to explain.21教育名师原创作品
Words don’t always have their literal meaning. When I went to Japan for the first time, I knew that Japanese word for “yes” is hai, I went to d32． an important business issue. At the e33． of the meeting, I summarized my plan and asked my Japanese colleague, “Do you agree?” He answered with hai. That night I called my boss and told him that Japanese company was r34． to go ahead with the plan. The next day I had to tell my boss that this wasn’t t35．. It turns out that the Japanese often use hai to mean “I’ve heard you. I understand.”
Gestures are w36． than words. When my plane arrived in Sofia, I was tired. So I was happy that a taxi was right there. “OK?” I asked, o37． the door. The taxi driver moved his head up and down, so I jumped in. “Downtown, please. OK?” I said. The taxi driver nodded again, but n38． happened. Finally, I became a39． and jumped out. Guess what? In Bulgaria moving your head up and down means “No” and s40．your head from side to side means “Yes”.2-1-c-n-j-y
五、(2017?吉林)用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，使语篇意思完整。
The accident happened early this morning. I was waiting for the bus when it happened. A young woman was driving a red car very f41．. While she was driving, she was talking over her mobile p42．. At that moment, a man was driving an orange truck along North Street very slowly. While he was driving, he was drinking a bottle of water and 43．(吃)something. When they got to the44．(十字路口), the woman in the red car didn’t s 45． at the traffic lights. As a result, the car.46． (撞上)the truck. Both the woman and the man were very 47．[‘?gri] and they shouted at each other. Soon the police came. 48．(lucky), they were not badly hurt. And they each got a fine for b49． the traffic rules.
专题八 语法填空题解题技巧
语法填空题主要是在一篇200字左右的短文中，给出10个填空，每小题1分。其中3-4个空给出一个提示词，要求考生填写其正确形式;其余6-7个空结合上下文语境直接填词，每空不多于3个词。把语法知识测试全部放在语篇中进行,旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的词汇、语法等基础知识和对句型结构的灵活运用能力,而且还要求考生有良好的语感和一定的阅读理解能力。
题型介绍
1.有提示词填空
① 给出的提示词是名词:要考虑是否填名词的复数形式以及该名词的形容词、副词形式。
② 给出的提示词是动词:要认真分析句子的结构,理解句子的意思。
a. 如果填空处是谓语,要考虑时态、语态和动词的第三人称单数;
b. 如果填空处是非谓语,根据对句子成分的分析和对语境的理解,要考虑填to do、doing还是done
,同时,也要考虑该动作发生时间的先后以及与主语的关系(是主动关系还是被动关系),并填写相应的形式;
c. 在平时的模拟题中,有时还要根据句意填写该动词的名词形式,甚至是形容词或者副词形式。
2. 无提示词填空
按照考纲要求,无提示填空最多填3个单词,一般是填1个单词的,高考中考查的角度主要有:
① 代词:这类设空比较少,通常是根据句子意思填一个与语境相关的代词(通常是指示代词),这就要同学们认真体会句子意思了,在没有头绪时大胆猜想是否是填代词;
② 冠词:如果设空处后面是名词,那么可以考虑是否要填冠词,再根据句子意思分析是特指还是泛指,并填上合适的冠词,当然,在一些固定搭配中也会涉及冠词,这就要同学们做好积累了;21教育网
③ 介词:这类设空一般比较简单,主要涉及动词短语中的介词搭配、形容词短语中的介词搭配以及一些固定的介词短语,同学们根据句子意思以及平时的积累的固定搭配就可以秒杀它们了;
破解英语语法填空题技巧：语法填空是近年来中考英语科新推出的一种题型。这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平。本题型分两种情况：一种为已给单词提示，一种为不给单词提示。
一、已给单词提示题型的技巧
此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两种，一是词的形、数、式的变化，一是词的派生变化。在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题，看是否需要使用复合的变化形式，这一点是很重要的。
方法一：名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例1：There are many students living at school，the (child)houses are all far from schoo1．
【解析】由students-词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式—— 复数的所有格children’s。
【答案】children’s
方法二：动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。
例2：A talk (give)tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang．
【解析】句中的is是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given。
【答案】to be given
方法三：代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one／none、other／another等。
例3：The king decided to see the painter by (he)．
【解析】由介词bv可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。
【答案】himself
方法四：技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化。英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和．est，或在词前more／less和most／least，且形容词的绝对最高级还要冠以the。
例4：I am (tall)than Liu Wen．He is the tallest students in my class．
【解析】此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。21世纪教育网版权所有
【答案】taller
方法五：数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一teen、．-ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one／two的特殊变化形式。
例5：To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses．My eldest son shall take a half,my second son shall take a (three)．．．21*cnjy*com
【解析】从上下文连续起来理解，这是一个分马的计划，大儿子分得a half，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。
【答案】third
方法六：词的派生。词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的，派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。21·cn·jy·com
例6：Lious lost his wallet yesterday，SO he was very____(happiness)．
【解析】在这道题中，学生很容易判断出该用形容词，由此可知将happiness词根happy；钱包丢了，人应该是不开心的，所以要再加个前缀un．，就成了unhappy。
【答案】unhappy
二、未给单词提示题型的技巧此类题难度较大，但也是有方法对付的。
方法七：固定短语结构。根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。
例7：The children were playing on the ground，enjoying____，dirty but happy．
【解析】从句中的happy可以 猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoy oneself短语，故其答案为themselves。
【答案】themselves
例8：His bosswas____angry astofire him．
【解析】如果“跳过”横线后面的angry，就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语SO?as to，所以，so是正解。
【答案】so
方法八：从句引导词。从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。
例9：He did not done_____his father had asked him to do．
【解析】审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从旬中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what。
【答案】what
例10：Those_____want to go to the village must sign here．www.21-cn-jy.com
【解析】经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步观察可知先行词为those，且指人，所以只能填入who。
【答案】who
方法九：短语动词结构。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。
例11：The us consists____fifty states．
【解析】根据常识可知，美国由50个州组成，故横线处与前一词组合，表示“由? ?组成”，所以答案是of。
【答案】of
例12：Mrs Baker was ill，so her daughter had to ask for leave to take_____of her．
【解析】生病需要人照顾，所以答案是care，与前后词构成take care of。
【答案】care
方法十：短语介词结构。短语介词即多个词的组合起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to等。
例13：Mr Smith took a plane to London____of taking a train．
【解析】此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思，故答案为instead，以构成介词短语instead of。
【答案】instead
例14：Just then，he saw a blackboard in_____of him．
【解析】细心观察，可以看出填人front即可构成in front of，此题得解。
【答案】front
方法十一：：连词、关联短语结构。常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while等，常用的关联短语有both……and，either……or，neither……nor，not only……but also等。
例15：Little Wang Jun could not go to school，_____his family was too poor．
【解析】此处表示原因，引导的分句其实是一种解释说明，不是必然的因果关系，且前面有逗号隔开，所以填for。
【答案】for
例16：____Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre．
【解析】横线处的词与后面可以构成both?and，故答案为Both。
【答案】Both
方法十二：冠词、介词和常用的副词。冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断；常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配；副词的量还是比较多，如：however，never，yet，much等，但一般不会考查．1y形式的方式副词(见技巧六——形容词派生副词的情况)。
例17：Jackie likes to drive at____ high speed．
【解析】这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a，构成at a high speed，“以高速”开车。
【答案】a
例18：Old Tom’s grand·daughter used to visit him_____Saturday afternoon．
【解析】Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in，而用on才是正解。
【答案】on
例19：Though Liu Qiang did the same work____Zhang Wen did，he got a lower pay______Zhang Wen．
【解析】第一条横线可由前面的the same断出用as，第二条横线则可由lower断出比较意义，故答案为than。
【答案】than
例20：It was only one day left,_____，his father had no idea to answer him．【版权所有：21教育】
【解析】观察上下旬，可以看出是转折关系，且横线与前后用逗号隔开，排除but，所以答案是however。
【答案】however
方法十三：上下文中出现的相关词。这一招是最为灵活的，但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识，填入某个已出现的词，或其反义词，或其同类的某个词。答案的线索可能在本句，可能出现在上下相连的一句，还可能出现在比较远的地方——上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句，则线索可能在上下段的首句；如果横线出现在某段的末句，则线索可能在上下段的末句，以此类推。
例21：Tony____travelling abroad，but dislikes staying home watching TV．
【解析】由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断，此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。
【答案】likes
【例题展示】
一、(2017?广东)语法填空
在横线上填入合适的单词，使语篇意思完整。
Maybe you are more interested in sports than in history. You probably think you will never be a top student. In1．, anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. If you can use your time well, you may improve your study 2． much work. Here’s how:2·1·c·n·j·y
Plan your time carefully. When you plan your week time, you should make a3．of things that you have to do. First write down the time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide on a good time for studying. Of course, studying shouldn’t take all of your time. Don’t forget to leave yourself enough4．for hobbies.
Find a good place to study. Look around the house5．a good study place. Keep this space, which may be a desk6．just a corner of your room. No games, radio, or television! When you sit down to work, think only about the subject!2-1-c-n-j-y
Make good use of your time in class. Listen7．to what the teacher says. Careful listening in class means less work later. You also need to take notes in class, because it can8．it easier for you to learn well.
There are only a few ways mentioned here to 9．you with your studying. I believe you find10．other ways besides these.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
【答案】
1．fact 2．without 3．1ist 4．time5．for6．or 7．carefully8．make9．help 10．many／some
【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了三种提高学习效率的方法：合理安排时间；找一个学习的好地方；充分利用课堂时间。
1．句意：实际上，如果他或者她愿意， 任何人都可以成为更好的学生。短语in fact实际上。故填fact。
2．句意：如果你能够很好利用时间，你可能不付出很多努力，就能够改善学习。without介词，缺乏。
3．句意：当你安排平日的时间时，你应该必须做的事情的清单。短语make a list列清单。根据下一句说明可知是列举清单。故填list。
4．句意：不要忘记给业余爱好留下足够的时间。本段讲的是仔细计划学习时间，可知要记得要留足业余时间。故填time。21教育名师原创作品
5．句意：环顾一下房间适合学习的好地方。for介词，为了，表示目的。故填for。
6．句意：保持这个地方，那可能是一张桌子或者是你的房间的角落。or表示选择，分析句意可知，是两者之一。故填or。21*cnjy*com
7．句意：认真听老师讲的内容。根据后一句可知，课堂认真听讲意味着课后少费工夫。listen carefully to意为：认真听讲。故填carefully。
8．句意：你需要在课堂上记笔记，因为它能让你学得更容易。make +宾语+宾语补足语。故填make。
9．句意：有几个对你的学习有帮助的方法。短语help sb. with sth.意为：帮助某人某事。故填help。
10．句意：我相信，除了这些，你能够找到______ 别的方法。way是可数名词，所以可以填many、some和several。
二、(2016?成都)用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，使语篇意思完整。
Paul is from Australia.He has short blonde hair，blue 11．(eye) and a big nose.He comes to China12．(study) with his parents.He likes13． (make) friends with others.He can speak Chinese 14． (good)．And everyone in his class 15．(like) him，so he is always the center of attention(关注)．His best friend is Lucy.Lucy is from Canada.She 16．(say) Paul is handsome and nice.She 17． (dream) of being a basketball player of national team(国家队)．But her parents want her to be an18．(act) because she has good looks.Scott is a Chinese boy.He lives with his grandparents in a village because his parents are working in Beijing.He can only see his parents once(一次) a year.He 19．(miss) his parents very much.To see his parents often，he spends much time20． (study) and he wants to walk out of his village.He is a great boy!
【答案】
11．eyes12．to study13．making14．well15．likes
16．says17．dreams18．actress19．missed20．studying
【解析】试题分析：短文介绍了三个学生——留学生保罗、露丝和中国男孩斯科特——的简单情况。
11．and用于连接并列结构；根据下文a big nose，讲话句意和英文提示，可知填eyes。
12．to不定式符号，后接原形动词；根据句意和英文提示，可知填to study。
13．make friends with others与人交朋友；like doing喜欢做某事，固定短语；根据句意和英文提示，可知填making。
14．speak说，是动词，需用副词修饰；根据句意和英文提示，可知填well。
15．everyone每个人，强调个体，是三单人称，动词需用三单形式；根据句意和英文提示，可知填likes。
16．she是三单人称，动词需用三单形式；根据句意和英文提示，可知填says。
17．dream梦想；she是三单人称，动词需用三单形式；根据句意和英文提示，可知填dreams。
18．不定冠词an后接单数名词；根据句意和英文提示，可知填actress。
19．miss想念；he是三单人称，动词需用三单形式；根据句意和英文提示，可知填misses。
20．spend some time doing sth.花费时间做某事，固定短语；根据句意和英文提示，可知填studying。
点睛：完成短文，要求根据句意和上下文提示，运用所给单词的正确形式填充句子，使文意前后连贯，表达顺畅，重在考查学生对所学语言的综合运用能力和对文段的理解判断能力。本题难度不大，只要联系全文，把握好上下句的意思和关系，正确作答是不成问题的。【出处：21教育名师】
三、(2016?佛山)语法填空
在横线上填入合适的单词，使语篇意思完整。
We have a beautiful name—red-crowned cranes. We are named after the red caps on top of our heads. You may think the caps are our feathers. Actually(其实), they are combs(冠). We are one of the l21． birds in size in the world. We are the heaviest cranes. An adult(成年)red –crowned crane can w22． up to 11 kilograms. We are good at d23．. I think we are the most beautiful dancers of all the birds. We are also good singers. We sing loudly and b24．. We are good at flying as well. We fly to warm East Asia(亚洲)when s25． comes. We give birth to baby cranes there. We like to live together on wetlands in Southwest China and some other places.
We live on worms and small fish. We like to live in long grasses. Water and grasses are important for us. But s26．, life is harder these years. We are one of the m27．endangered birds in the world now. People keep taking our living areas to make farms and build houses. We don’t have enough s28． to live. And we don’t have enough food to feed our babies b29． people fish and hunt too much.
We need your help, my friends. Will you do s30． for us?
【答案】
21．largest22．weigh23．dancing24．beautifully25．summer
26．sadly27．most28．space29．because30．something
【解析】本文以丹顶鹤的自述形式介绍了丹顶鹤。我们有一个美丽的名字---丹顶鹤。我们的名字是以头顶上的红色帽子命名的。你可能认为帽子是我们的羽毛。实际上，它们是冠。我们是世界上最大的鸟类之一。我们是最重的鹤。成年丹顶鹤重达11公斤。我们擅长跳舞。 我认为我们是所有鸟类中最美丽的舞者。我们也是好歌手。我们唱得又响亮又优美。我们也擅长飞行。当夏天来临时，我们飞往温暖的东亚。我们在那里生小丹顶鹤。我们喜欢一起生活在中国西南地区的湿地和其他一些地方。我们靠吃虫和小鱼为生。我们喜欢生活在长草中。水和草对我们很重要。但不幸的是，这些年的生活更加艰难。我们现在是世界上最濒危的鸟类之一。人们不断地把我们的生活区用来建造农场和建造房屋。我们没有足够的空间住。我们没有足够的食物来喂养我们的孩子，因为人们钓鱼和打猎太多了。我们需要你的帮助，我的朋友。你能为我们做点什么吗？
21．句意：我们是世界上最大的鸟类之一。根据比较范围in the world和定冠词the可知用最高级，结合句意和首字母提示可知填largest。
22．句意：一个成年丹顶鹤可重达11公斤。can情态动词，后面跟动词原形，结合句意和首字母提示可知填weigh。
23．句意：我们擅长跳舞。be good at doing sth.：擅长做某事；结合句意和首字母提示可知填dancing。
24．句意：我们唱歌唱得又响亮又优美。副词修饰动词，结合句意和首字母提示可知填beautifully。
25．句意：当夏天来临时，我们飞往温暖的东亚。结合句意和首字母提示可知填summer。
26．句意：但不幸的是，这些年的生活更加艰难。副词修饰整个句子，结合句意和首字母提示可知填sadly。
27．句意：我们现在是世界上最鸟类之一。根据比较范围in the world和定冠词the可知用最高级，endangered（濒危的）多音节形容词，它的做高级the most endangered；结合句意和首字母提示可知填most。
28．句意：我们没有足够的空间住。space空间，不可数名词，结合句意和首字母提示可知填space。
29．句意：我们没有足够的食物来喂养我们的孩子，因为人们钓鱼和打猎太多了。结合句意和首字母提示可知填because。
30．句意：我们需要你的帮助，我的朋友。你能为我们做点什么吗？结合句意和首字母提示可知填something。
点睛：首先快速浏览短文，掌握大意。在仔细阅读，猜测句意，根据句意和首字母提示猜测填什么词，再分析该词在句中的成分等，然后写出正确的形式。 也可以结合修饰词、固定短语、语境、时间、句子的时态确定所要填的词的形式。可数名词有数词或表示数量词修饰用复数，副词修饰动词或形容词副词等。
四、(2017?南京)语法填空
在横线上填入合适的单词，使语篇意思完整。
When you go to another country, you should learn to speak the language. This isn’t something you can do with just a dictionary and a g31． book. Allow me to explain.
Words don’t always have their literal meaning. When I went to Japan for the first time, I knew that Japanese word for “yes” is hai, I went to d32． an important business issue. At the e33． of the meeting, I summarized my plan and asked my Japanese colleague, “Do you agree?” He answered with hai. That night I called my boss and told him that Japanese company was r34． to go ahead with the plan. The next day I had to tell my boss that this wasn’t t35．. It turns out that the Japanese often use hai to mean “I’ve heard you. I understand.”
Gestures are w36． than words. When my plane arrived in Sofia, I was tired. So I was happy that a taxi was right there. “OK?” I asked, o37． the door. The taxi driver moved his head up and down, so I jumped in. “Downtown, please. OK?” I said. The taxi driver nodded again, but n38． happened. Finally, I became a39． and jumped out. Guess what? In Bulgaria moving your head up and down means “No” and s40．your head from side to side means “Yes”.21cnjy.com
【答案】
31．grammar32．discuss33．end 34．ready35．true
36．worse37．opening38．nothing 39．angry40．shaking
【解析】短文介绍了到不同的国家掌握这个国家的语言以及肢体语言的重要性。作者介绍了自己在日本的一段经历。首先单词并不总是有字面意思，日本人常常用“hai”来表示“我听说过你”，“我明白”的意思，还产生了生意谈判的误解；还有就是日本人的手势语“点头表示反对，摇头表示同意”，如果不知道也容易产生尴尬。21·世纪*教育网
31．句意：这不是一本字典和一本语法书所能解决的问题。结合句意以及首字母提示可知，答案为grammar。
32．句意：我去讨论一个重要的商业问题。不定式to后跟动词原形，根据首字母提示可知，答案为discuss。
33．句意：会议结束时。at the end of在……结束时，结合句意以及首字母提示可知，答案为end。
34．句意：我打电话给我的老板，告诉他日本公司准备实施这个计划。be ready to do sth.准备/乐于做某事，故答案为ready。www-2-1-cnjy-com
35．句意：第二天，我不得不告诉我的老板这不是真的。根据下文中的句子It turns out that the Japanese often use hai to mean “I’ve heard you. I understand.” 原来日本人常常用“hai”来表示“我听说过你”，我明白。”并不是同意此项计划，故答案为true。
36．句意：手势语比语言更糟糕。根据than判断，此句是一个比较级的句子，缺少形容词的比较级，根据下文中的例子可知，有时手势语比语言更糟糕。故答案为worse。
37．句意：“可以吗？”我打开门问。分词短语作伴随状语，根据句意以及首字母提示可知，答案为opening。
38．句意：出租车司机又点了点头，但什么也没发生。根据下文中的句子“Finally, I became a___9___ and jumped out. Guess what?”可知，出租车司机并没有同意载客，故答案为nothing。
39．句意：最后，我非常生气，从车里跳了出来。became为系动词，后跟形容词作表语，根据首字母提示以及语境理解可知，答案为angry。
40．句意：摇头表示“是的”。根据前半句“moving your head up and down”可知后半句为“shaking your head from side to side”说明日本人的手势语“点头表示反对，摇头表示同意”，故答案为shaking。
点睛：本题考查单词拼写，是把单词放到语篇中去检测，考查的是学生的综合理解能力以及对知识的灵活运用能力。学生不仅要理解短文大意，还要具体把握每个单句的意思，根据首字母提示去判断所要填入的单词，以及是否要发生变化。如第6小题是考查形容词的比较级形式，而第7小题则是考查分词短语作伴随状语。
五、(2017?吉林)用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，使语篇意思完整。
The accident happened early this morning. I was waiting for the bus when it happened. A young woman was driving a red car very f41．. While she was driving, she was talking over her mobile p42．. At that moment, a man was driving an orange truck along North Street very slowly. While he was driving, he was drinking a bottle of water and 43．(吃)something. When they got to the44．(十字路口), the woman in the red car didn’t s 45． at the traffic lights. As a result, the car.46． (撞上)the truck. Both the woman and the man were very 47．[‘?gri] and they shouted at each other. Soon the police came. 48．(lucky), they were not badly hurt. And they each got a fine for b49． the traffic rules.
【答案】
41．fast42．phone 43．eating44．crossing45．stop
46．hit47．angry 48．Luckily49．breaking
【解析】本文记叙了一起交通事故发生的过程。
41．句意：一位妇女正在开一辆红色的车开的很快。快的用fast。故答案为fast。
42．本题考查mobile phone(移动电话)。故答案为phone。
43．吃是eat，根据前面的was drinking可知，本题用eating。故答案为eating。
44．十字路口用crossing。故答案为crossing。
45．句意：红色车里的妇女在红绿灯前没有停车。故答案为stop。
46．撞上用hit，本文是叙述过去发生的事请，故用一般过去时，hit的过去式是hit。故答案为hit。
47．根据音标，此题是形容词angry（生气的）。故答案为angry。
48．单独成句，应用lucky的副词luckily。故答案为Luckily。
49．本题考查break the traffic rules(违反交通规则)，因为做介词for的宾语，故动词用动名词形式。故答案为breaking。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
