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中考总复习 冠词
考点一 不定冠词的用法
1.不定冠词(a,an）的基本用法
用法 示例
在叙述时用于第一次提到某人或某物前。 This is a book.
泛指人或事物的某一类，以区别于其他类。 A plane is a machine that can fly.
泛指某人或某物 A young man is waiting for you .
用于某些物质名词或抽象名词前，表示“一阵，一份，一类，一场”等。 There’ll be a strong wind in South China
用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前。 a knife and fork
“a ＋序数词”表示“又一，再一” The cake is delicious and I would like a second one .
用于时间，速度，价格等意义的名词之前，有“每一”的意思，相当于every. five lessons a week
2. 不定冠词a，an 的区别
a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前 a teacher , a good student
An用在以元音音素开关的单词前 an apple tree , an interesting story
注意：①判断一个词前是用a还是an，是根据其读音，而不是根据其字母。
②在26个字母中前面用an 的字母中有：a，e,f, h, I, l, m, n , o, r, s, x
③要注意区别以u 开头的单词
an umbrella. an unusual story. an unhappy boy a university. a useful book
3. 含有a的常固定词组
一点儿 a few/little/bit
游泳／散步／谈话／看一看／跳舞／喝点东西／休息have a swim/walk/look/dance/drink/rest21·cn·jy·com
感冒have a cold
玩的高兴have a good time
匆忙in a hurry
一会儿for a while
写日记keep a diary
帮助某人do sb a favor
考点二 定冠词与零冠词
1、定冠词的用法
用法 示例
用于双方都知道的人或事物前。 Give me the book , please .
特指的或上文已提到的人或事物。 Do you know the girl in red
表示世界上独一无二的事物。 The moon moves around the earth
用在叙述词，形容词最高级前面，以及对两个人或事物进行比较时起特指作用的比较级前。 The first lesson is very easy . He is the youngest of the two boys
用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻俩。 The Greens are watching TV now .
用在单数可数名词前表示一类人或事物。 The orange is orange .
与某些形容词连用表示一类人。 We should help the old .
用于江河，海洋，山脉，群岛，沙漠等专有名词前，或普通名词构成的专有名词前。 the Great Wall , the Summer Palace
用于表示方位或西洋名称的名词前 I like playing the piano .
记忆口诀：特指双熟悉，上文已提及，世上独无二，序数最高级，普通专有名，习语及乐器。
2 用于某些固定短语中
①“in+the+年份的复数”表示在某年代
in the 1870s在19世纪70年代
②“hit+人+介词+the+部位”表示“打某人某部位”
hit him on the head 打他的头
③其他固定短语
在上午／下午／晚上in the morning / afternoon /evening
在白天 in the daytime
最后 in the end
一直 all the time
同时 at the same time
顺便说 by the way
在户外 in the open air
在……岁时 at the age of
在……开始时 at the beginning of
在……的另一边 on the other side of
在……中间 in the middle of
现在，此刻 at the moment
考点三 零冠词的用法
在某些情况下，名词之前一般不用冠词。列表如下：
用法 示例
某些专有名词，如人名，地名，国名，物质名词，抽象名词表示泛指时前面用零冠词。 China is a great country . 中国是一个伟大的国家。 Mary lives in New York 玛丽住在纽约。
名词前已有指示代词，物主代词，不定代词或名词所有格等修饰时。 Every student likes English in our class. 我们班每一个学生都喜欢英语。
在节日，日期，星期，月份，季节等前面用零冠词，但若特指某年的某月份或某年的某季节需 the June 1st is Children’s Day . 6月1日是儿童节 。 Spring comes after winter . 春天在冬天过去之后到来。
在称呼或表示头衔的名词前。 This is Professor Li这是李教授。 What’s wrong , Granny 你怎么了，奶奶？As chairman of the committee , I declare the meeting open. 作为生灵委员会主席，我宣布会议开始。
用在三餐，球类运动及学科名词前。 I went to school without breakfast this morning 今天早上没吃早饭就去上学了。 He often plays football after school. 他经常放学后踢足球。
用在“专有名词＋普通名词”构成的表示街名，路名，山名，等的词前边。 Nanjing Road 南京路Hainan Island 海南岛
用在与by 连用的交通工具名称前。 by car 乘小汽车by train 乘火车by bus 乘公共汽车by plane / by air 乘飞机by ship /by sea /by boat 乘船
用于公共假日、节日名称前 New year’s Day 新年Women’s Day 妇女节
用在表特定的公园、街道、车站、桥、学校等的名词前 No. 25 Middle School 第25中学
用在不可数名词和复数名词前面表泛指 We can’t live without water 没有水我们就无法生存。 Trains run faster than cars 火车比汽车跑得快一些。 I like tomatoes 我喜欢西红柿。 Time is precious 时间是宝贵的。
用在“kind of+名词”“sort of+名词”结构中 What kind of flower is it 这是什么花？I like this sort of book . 我喜欢这种书。
用在某些固定词组或习惯用语中 面对面 face to face 看电视watch TV. 在学校／在工作／在家 at school / work/ home首先／最后at first / last 在困境中in trouble 在危险中 in danger 步行on foot 值日／值班 on duty 准时on time 及时 in time 卧病在床 in bed 去上学／去工作go to school /work 乘公共汽车／飞机／轮船by bus /plane /ship在中午／晚上at noon /night 日日夜夜day and night
考点四 易混易错
1、如何用冠词表示类别
定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词都可以与名词连用，表示一类事物。
用法区别 例句
a/an+名词单数 A horse is a useful animal .
the +名词单数 The horse is a useful animal
零冠词+名词复数或不可数名词 Horses are useful animals
二、有定冠词和无定冠词的区别
1.go to school 去上学（是学生） go to the school到学校去（不一定是学生21世纪教育网版权所有
2 go to bed. 就寝，上床睡觉 go to the bed向床边走去，走到床前(不一定是去睡觉）21教育网
3 at table. 在吃饭 at the table 在桌子旁边
4 at school. 在上学 at the school在学校里
5 in class. 在上课 in the class在班级里
6 in future. 今后 in the future 将来
7 in front of.在....（外部的）前面 in the front of在....（内部）的前面21cnjy.com
8 next year.明年 the next year第二年
9 by sea.乘船 by the sea. 在海边
10 take place 发生 take the place （of)代替
11 go to church 去做礼拜 go to the church 到教堂去
三、序数词前面用定冠词与用不定冠词的区别
“the+序数词”表示“第几....”; “a + 序数词”表示“又一，再一”
The cake is delicious , and I would like a second one . www.21-cn-jy.com
蛋糕很好吃，我想再吃一块。
4、a number of .. the number of
a number of 意为“许多”，当其加名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；the number of 意为“.....的数量”，当其加名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 2·1·c·n·j·y
A number of students like playing computer game . 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。
The number of the students is about 1,500 in our school .
我们学校的人数大约是1500
5、在结构“动词+人+介词+the+身体部位”中要用the ，而不用物主代词
take sb by the hand 抓住某人的手
hit sb in the face 打某人的脸
6、当名词被其他词修饰时，应注意不定冠词a或an的位置：
1. 当名词被such , half , what many 修饰时，不定冠词放在这些词之后。
He left in such a hurry that he forgot to close the door .
他离开得如此匆忙以至于忘了关门。
It took me half an hour to write the letter .
写那封信花了我半小时。
What an interesting book it is !
这是多么有趣的一本书啊！
Many a man has gone to the big cities for work .
许多人到大城市去打工了。
2 当名词前面的形容词前有so ,how , too 等词时，不定冠词应放在形容词后。
She was so nice a girl that she took the blind man to the station .
她是这么好的一个女孩，她把那位盲人带到了车站。
How nice a film this is ! 这是多么好的一部电影啊！
3当名词前面的形容词有quite 或very 时，不定冠词置于quite 之后，very 之前。
quite a good book 一本相当好的书
a very interesting story 一个非常有趣的故事
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中考总复习 冠词专题演练
单项选择
( ) 1 There is ______ tall man in front to the zoo gate .
A a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 2. Jack is such ______ friendly boy . He gets along well with his classmate. 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A a B an C. the
( ) 3. ----Hey , Li Ming . Do you have ______ basketball
----Yes, it’s over there , behind ______ door .
A a , a B. the , the C. a , the D. the , a
( ) 4. I want to be _______ engineer when I grow up .
A a B. an C. the
( ) 5 Shenzhen is on _____ coast near Hong Kong . It was ______ small village many years ago . 21世纪教育网版权所有
A a; the B. the ; a C. 不填 ；不填 D the ; the
( ) 6. Christine is selling her house , but on _____ other hand she doesn’t want to move . 21*cnjy*com
A a B an C. the D. /
( ) 7. ----When will ______ car race begin
----I’m not sure . Maybe next week , or maybe _____ week after next .
A a ; the B. an ; the C. the ; a D. the ; the 21教育网
( ) 8. ----Do you know _____ boy over there
----Yes , he is my brother , Li Lei .
A the B. an C. a
( ) 9 I play _____ guitar in my spare time . It makes my life more colorful . 21·cn·jy·com
A a B an C. the D. /
( ) 10. Mary wants to be _____ good doctor when she grows up
A a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 11, Yesterday I saw _____ film It moved me deeply . .
A a B. an C the D. /
( ) 12. ----What can I do for you , sir
----I want _____ iPhone 6s plus for my wife as _____ useful gift .
A an ; a B. a ; an C. an ; the D. a ; a
( ) 13. Molly dreams of becoming _____ excellent engineer in the future .
A a B. an C. the
( ) 14. David is ______ eight-year-old boy with short black hair .
A / B. a C. an D the
( ) 15. His uncle will give him _____ birthday present . It’ll be wonderful . 21教育名师原创作品
A a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 16. In order to find _____ better living environment , he decided to move to the west of the country .
A an B. a C. / D. the
( ) 17. ----What do you know about kite surfing
----It is ______ exciting water sport . .
A a B. an C the D /
( ) 18. Peter returned the wallet to the police . He was ______ honest boy . 2-1-c-n-j-y
A a B an C. the D. /
( ) 19. -----Mary , who’s _____ woman over there 2·1·c·n·j·y
----She’s my aunt , ______ English teacher .
A the ; the B a ; the C the ; an D. a ; an
( ) 20 I had ______ unusual day on my last school trip .
A a B an C. / D. the
( ) 21. Let’s take ______ photo ! Everyone , cheese !
A a B. an C the D. /
( )22 ----Is there ______ European wolf in ______ zoo
-----Yes, there is .
A a; the B. an ; a C. / ; the
( ) 23. ----Look! Who’s _____ boy over there
----Oh, he is my cousin Bob . He is ______ honest boy .
A a; the B. the ; an C. the ; a
( ) 24. -----Kate , are you ______ only child in you family
-----Yes, but ______ new baby is on the way .
A a ; the B. an ; the C. the ; a D. the ; the 21*cnjy*com
( ) 25. Tianjin is _____ beautiful city in ______ north of China
A a; a B. a ; the C the ; / D. 不填；the
( ) 26 Boys and girls , keep calm and be confident . I am sure all of you are ______ excellent students www-2-1-cnjy-com
A an B. a C. /
( ) 27. Brazil , ______ country in South America, will hold _______ 31st Olympic Games in August , 2016.
A a ; a B. a ; the C. the ; a D. the ; the
( ) 28 Edward and William are brothers . There is ______ uncommon similarity between _____ two boys .
A an ; / B an ; the C. a ; / D. a ; the
( ) 29 Look at _____ calendar . It’ s June 22. 【出处：21教育名师】
A a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 30 What ______ good news ! Our school band will play at Harbin Summer Concert in August .
A a B. the C. /
( ) 31 -----Does your father go to work by _____ car every day
----No , he sometimes takes _____ bus .
A a ; the B. the ; a C. / ; a D. a ; /
( ) 32. Tong Liya is ______ famous actress who acted as a country woman in ______ 1970s in the TV show Ordinary World .
A a ; / B. a ; the C. the ; the D. the ; /
( ) 33 If we sit by ______ window of the train , we’ll have ______ better view .
A / ; the B / ; a C. the ; a D the ; the
( ) 34 ----What do you usually have for ______ breakfast
----- A piece of bread and _____ egg .
A a; an B / ; the C. a ; the D / ; an
( ) 35 I think it’s really _____ hard work for me to finish the job in twenty minutes .
A a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 36 ----Let’s play ______ soccer .
-----I don’t have ______ soccer ball .
A 不填; a B. the ; a C. a ; the D. 不填 ; the
( ) 37 _____ man in black is from ______ England .
A The ; the B The; / C. A; / D. A ; the
( ) 38 Do you think AI(人工智能) will take ______ place of humans some day in the future . 【版权所有：21教育】
A the B an C a D. /
( ) 39 I only had _____ egg and some milk for breakfast today .
A a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 40 In _____ eyes of some children , playing on the Internet can only bring them ______ fun .
A the ; a B. / ; a C. the ; / D. /; /
( ) 41. Tom wants to study at ______ university in Europe , but hasn’t decided which one to go to yet .
A an B. a C. the D. /
( ) 42 It’s just a short distance from here to _____ restaurant . Let’s walk there .
A a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 43 ----Excuse me , John. What’s that in English
-----It’s _____ eraser .
A a B. an C. the D. /
( )44 This is ______ dictionary I’ve told you . Isn’t it ______ useful one
A a ; the B. a; a C the ; a D. the ; an
( ) 45. We are going to take ____ vacation on _____ May Day this year . 21cnjy.com
A / ; the B. a; / C. a; a D. the ; a
( ) 46 As a girl , you should build ______ healthy lifestyle and don’t need to dream of _______ A4 waist (腰）。
A a; a B. a; / C. a; an D the ; a
( ) 47. ----Maria’s parents are going to have ______ second child .
----- You mean Maria is going to have ______ sister or brother
A a ; the B. an ; a C. the ; a D. a ; a
( ) 48. ----Tom , can you make ______ sentence with the expression “deal with” 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
-----Of course . It’s a piece of cake .
A an B. a C. the D. /
( ) 49 I bought ______ car yesterday , but it’s _____ used one .
A a; the B. a; an C. a ;a D. the ; an
( ) 50 -----Lily , open ______ door , please . 21·世纪*教育网
-----I’m coming .
A a B. an C. the D. /
答案
1-5 AACBB 6-10 CDACA 11-15 AABCA 16-20 BBBCB 21-25AABCB 26-30 CBBCC 31-35 CBCDD 36-40 ABABC 41-45 BCBCB 46-50 CDBCC www.21-cn-jy.com
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