课件51张PPT。Unit 1 Laughter is good for you基础自测 课文预读内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period Four Project基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. n.(戏剧、小说等的)情节背景；场景；环境
vt.布置，安排
2. n.邀请
vt.邀请
3. adj.拥挤的
n.人群
v.拥挤settingsetinvitationinvitecrowdedcrowd4. adj.貌似官方的
adj.长相好的
5. n.怒气，怒，怒火
adj.生气的
adv.生气地
6. vi.& vt.鞠躬；低头；(使)弯曲
n.鞠躬；船头
7. vt.撕，扯
n.眼泪official-lookinggood-lookingangerangryangrilybowtear8. vi.猛冲；突然出现；爆裂
9. adj.空手；一无所获
10. vi.怒目而视；发出炫目的光burstempty-handedglareⅡ.重点短语
1. 为……腾出地方
2. 发生；进行；继续
3. 加入某人(一起做某事)
4. 冲出去
5. 立刻
6. 闯进；突然闯入make room forgo onjoin sb.(in doing sth.)dash outat onceburst in7. 将某物呈献给某人；颁发某物给某人
8. 对……怒目而视
9. 递出；拿出；伸出
10. 尽可能快地present sth.to sb.glare athold outas fast as possible/one canⅢ.重点句式1.as if引导的条件状语从句中的省略Of course.(moves over Tony)
当然。(挪了挪，好像是要为托尼腾出地方)2.must have doneNo.I to tell you.
对。我一定是忘记告诉你们了。as if to make room formust have forgotten课文预读1234Ⅰ.课文阅读理解
1.How many characters are in the play The invisible bench?
A.One. B.Two.
C.Four. D.Five.√ 答案52.In the play The invisible bench，who enters last?
A.Mike. B.Ann.
C.Cathy. D.Paula.√ 答案123453.In the play The invisible bench，who “moved the bench”？
A.Mike. B.Ann.
C.Paula. D.Cathy.√ 答案123454.In the play The important papers，what on earth does the King want?
A.A newspaper. B.A magazine.
C.A roll of toilet paper. D.A dictionary.√ 答案123455.In the play The important papers，the servant can call the King “ ”.
A.Your Majesty B.Your Highness
C.Darling D.Both A and B√ 答案12345Ⅱ.课文阅读填空type/kindCharactersServantpretendenjoytruth/factbut/whilemistakes/takesbringsseenⅢ.课文阅读简答
1.What kind of plays are they? Comedy or tragedy?
______________________
2.In the second play，why were the others unable to understand the King?
Both of them are comedy.Because the King expressed his opinion in a roundabout(拐弯抹角的) way and he said that he wanted his important papers；the others would mistake them for some official documents.要点探究重点词汇经典句式tears the paper in two把报纸撕成两半重点词汇归纳拓展tear v.撕裂，撕碎；n.眼泪
tear...in two把……撕成两半
tear...into pieces把……撕碎
tear at sth.撕扯某物(强调动作)
tear down拆除(1)She tore at the cloth but couldn’t tear it.
她撕这块布，但没有撕开。
(2)They are tearing down these old houses to build a new office block.
他们正在拆除这些旧房子以便建一座新的办公楼。语境助记(1)这纸容易撕碎。
The paper .
(2)Reynolds把合同撕成了两半。
Reynolds the contract .题组训练tears easilytorein two(3)A lot of buildings along the road will be to make room for the new highway.
A.torn away B.torn down
C.torn up D.torn apart√ 答案 解析句意为：沿路的许多楼房将被拆除以便为新公路腾地方。tear down拆除，符合句意。tear away撕掉，揭穿；tear up撕毁，撕碎(文件等)；tear apart撕毁；拆散。burst in突然闯入
burst into闯入/闯进……；突然……起来
burst into laughter＝burst out laughing突然大笑起来
burst into tears＝burst out crying突然大哭起来Servant bursts in，next to Queen，empty-handed and looking worried.
仆人冲上舞台，来到王后身边，两手空空，神色焦虑。归纳拓展(1)Robbers often break in at midnight.
强盗经常在半夜破门而入。
(2)He burst into tears，while she burst out laughing.
他突然哭了起来，而她却大笑起来。语境助记题组训练(1)一名男子挥动着一把枪闯入房间。
A man waving a gun.burst into the room(2) When the woman heard the bad news，she crying.
A.burst out B.burst in
C.burst with D.burst up√ 答案 解析句意为：当那位女士听到这个坏消息时，她放声大哭起来。burst out crying＝burst into tears突然大哭起来。glare vi.怒目而视；闪耀；发出炫目的光；n.强光；怒视
glare at对……怒目而视He glares at Queen.他怒视着王后。归纳拓展(1)The sun glared out of the blue sky.
太阳从蓝天中发出耀眼的光。
(2)Why are you glaring at me?
你为什么对我怒目而视？语境助记glare，look，gaze，stare，glance
(1)glare(由于愤怒而)瞪着或怒视。
(2)look看着……(没有任何感彩)。
(3)gaze(由于兴趣、感慨、喜欢或惊奇而)目不转睛地凝视。
(4)stare(由于好奇、无礼、傲慢而)睁大眼睛凝望，盯着或瞪着看。
(5)glance快速地看某人或某物一眼。易混辨析题组训练用glare，look，gaze，stare，glance的适当形式填空
(1)She at the man when he interrupted her.
(2)He at the word trying to remember its meaning.
(3)He secretly at the pretty girl across the table.
(4)She went to the window to at the first color along the grey sky.
(5)He didn’t at the blackboard but played with a knife.glaredstaredglancedgazelookhold out拿出；(食物等)维持；抵抗；抱有(希望)
hold on不挂断(电话)；坚持住
hold on to抓紧，不放开
hold back阻挡；隐瞒
hold up举起；延误；耽搁；抢劫holds out a roll of toilet paper拿出一卷卫生纸归纳拓展(1)The woman held out her papers and began to read.
那个妇女拿出她的论文开始读起来。
(2)We should hold on in the face of hardships.
在困难面前我们应该坚持。
(3)My father said that if we believe something was true，we should hold on to it.
父亲说如果我们相信某事是真的，我们就应该坚持。语境助记题组训练(1)用back，up，out填空
①Will the car hold till we reach London?
②The doctors hold little hope of his recovery.
③They must do something to hold rushing fans.
④I held my hand to show that I had a question.outoutbackup(2) I as long as I could from telling her the news.
A.held back B.held on
C.held out D.held up√ 答案句意为：我尽可能长时间地克制自己，不把消息告诉她。hold back阻碍，抑制；hold on用力抓住，坚持；hold out递出，拿出；hold up阻挠，延误。根据句意可知选A项。 解析
Of course.(moves over as if to make room for Tony)
当然。(挪了挪，好像是要为托尼腾出地方)经典句式(1)此句中的as if to make room for Tony是省略形式，其完整形式为as if he is to make room for Tony。当as if/though从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it，且从句谓语含有be动词时，从句可以省略主语或it及be动词。归纳拓展(2)as if/though引导的从句是用虚拟语气，还是用陈述语气，应该根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反，或者纯粹是一种假设，通常用虚拟语气。
①与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。
②与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去时(be动词用were)。
③与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用“would/could＋动词原形”。
④It looks as if/though引导的表语从句若表示真实情况，不用虚拟语气。(1)他表现得若无其事。
He behaved as if nothing had happened.
(2)天看起来要下雨。
It looks as if it is going to rain.语境助记题组训练(1)她看起来似乎是冰做的。
It looks as if she ice.
(2)这会议好像开不完似的。
It seemed as if the meeting .were made ofwould never end(3) The two students talked as if they friends for years.
A.should be B.would be
C.have been D.had been 答案 解析as if引导的从句表示对过去情况的虚拟，用过去完成时。√当堂达标Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I received an to the birthday party of my classmate.
2.The earth will be very and there will be a little room for each person in the near future.
3.The Japanese (鞠躬) to each other when they meet.
4.Some boys (急奔) out of the classroom as soon as the class ended.
5.In China，it is regarded as impolite to visit someone (空手的).invitationcrowdedbowdashedempty-handed6.Our story has its in ancient China.
7.Don’t pull the pages so hard or they will (撕破).
8.I felt warm and (暖和舒适的) sitting by the fire.settingtearcosyⅡ.选词填空
burst in，glare at，hold out，go on，make room for
9.Please step aside a little to me.
10.We didn’t say anything，but stood there each other.
11.The door was burst open，and an angry man .
12.As time ，she grew prettier.
13.We were short of water but could for another day.make room forglaring atburst inwent onhold outⅢ.完成句子
14.The girl listened (她已经变成了石头似的).
15.I’ll look at your plan and reply (尽快).
16.They (肯定已经完成) the task by the end of last week，hadn’t they?
17.Great changes have taken place in the city since 1990.It (已经呈现新面貌).
18.The man was walking on the street， (腋下夹着一本书).as if she had been turned to stoneas soon as possiblemust have finishedhas taken ona new lookwith a book under his armⅣ.单项填空
19.My grandfather still plays tennis now and then， he’s in his nineties.(2016·北京，27)
A.as long as B.as if
C.even though D.in case 答案 解析考查状语从句。句意为：即使九十多岁了，我爷爷仍然可以时不时地打打网球。even though即使，符合题意。as long as只要；as if 好像； in case万一。√20.The moment the people of China heard that Beijing，and Zhangjiakou in Hebei province had won the bid for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games，they
cheers. (2017·南通中学高二月考)
A.burst in B.burst to
C.burst into D.burst out 答案 解析句意为：中国人一听到北京和河北省的张家口获得了2022年冬奥会的举办权，他们都开始欢呼起来。burst into cheers大声欢呼。√21. The angry teacher the impatient boy who was doing something that had nothing to do with what was being taught.
A.glared at B.looked at
C.glanced at D.gazed at 答案 解析根据句意可知，愤怒的教师一定是用愤怒的目光看着没有耐心的男孩，因此选A项。√22. Mary wasn’t satisfied with the blue dress，so the shopkeeper _____
another dress for her to try on.
A.held down B.held on
C.held out D.held up 答案 解析句意为：玛丽对那条蓝色的裙子不满意，于是店员拿出另外一条裙子让她试穿。hold out拿出，伸出，符合句意。hold down压制，抑制，缩减；hold on继续，坚持，不挂断(电话)；hold up举起，支撑，阻挡。√23. She doesn’t like coats made this kind of cloth，because the cloth easily.
A.of；tear B.from；tear
C.of；tears D.from；tears 答案 解析be made of由……制成，能看出原材料；be made from由……制成，看不出原材料是什么。tear撕，扯，其主语为the cloth，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。√课件94张PPT。Unit 1 Laughter is good for you话题导入 Mr. Bean
You must have seen this man somewhere—funny-looking，always in a jacket and a red tie. He seldom talks but always acts humorously.Who is he？He is the well-known Mr.Bean，who is very popular with most people all over the world and he always makes us laugh by means of his funny body language. Mr. Bean is the main character in the British comedy television seri-es of the same name.It was written by Rowan Atkinson，Robin Driscoll，Richard Curtis and Ben Elton.The first episode was shown on 1st Janu-ary 1990 and its final episode Good Night，Mr. Bean was shown on 31st October 1995.During its five-year run，the series gained a large audie-nce in the UK and throughout the world.People are most amused by the antics(滑稽动作) of Mr.Bean—a child in a grown man’s body. Mr.Bean often seems short of worldly(善于处事的)experience.The program usually shows his attempts to complete what would normally be considered simple tasks，such as going swimming or taking an exam.But he is quite not clever in dealing with the problems presented to him each time. The humor largely comes from his original solutions to any problem and his total disregard for others when solving them.
The role of Mr.Bean is played by Rowan Atkinson—an Oxford Uni-versity graduate.Atkinson is considered to be a great comedian in the style of Charlie Chaplin.People are very impressed by his humor.
If you enjoy Mr. Bean，please enjoy his shows—Mr. Bean!阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)
1.Mr. Bean used to make the people laugh by his humorous words. ( )
2.Mr. Bean always seems very clever when he deals with the problems in his life. ( )
3.An Oxford University graduate plays the role of Mr. Bean.( )FFT基础自测 课文预读内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period One Welcome to the unit & Reading基础自测 1. n.喜剧
2. n.周刊；周报
adj.每周的
n.周，星期
3. vt.取笑；揶揄；戏弄
4. adj.先前的，以往的
5. n.(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式
adj.不同的，各种各样的
vt.& vi.变化，不同comedyweeklyweekteasepreviousvarietyvariousvaryⅠ.重点单词6. n.风格；方式；样式
7. vi.&vt.表现
n.表现
8. n.表演，演出；表现，业绩
vt.& vi.表演，演出；做，履行；工作，运转
n.演员；表演者
9. adj.鲜为人知的stylebehavio(u)rperformanceperformperformerlittle-knownbehave10. adj.技术的；技能的
n.技术
adv.从技术上来说
11. vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐
n.娱乐
12. n.格言，警句，谚语technicaltechnicallyamuseamusementsayingtechnologyⅡ.重点短语
1. 支持，维护
2. 依赖，依靠
3. 对……做出反应
4. 排队
5. 绊倒
6. 拿……开玩笑；取笑，嘲弄
7. 喜爱，钟爱stand up fordepend/rely on/uponreact to queue uptrip overmake fun ofhave affection for8. 想出；拿出
9. 效法某人，以某人
为榜样
10. 去世，亡故come up withfollow in one’s footsteps/follow the footsteps of sb.pass away
1.while引导让步状语从句
2.状语从句的省略while standing in front of the mirrorⅢ.重点句式 ，it usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affection for or admire the person being made fun of.
这种幽默听起来有点刻薄，但通常只有当喜剧演员和观众都喜欢或者崇拜这个被取笑的对象时，这种幽默才奏效。While this kind of humour may sound cruelHe says it is because when he started practicing stand-up as a child，he told himself jokes ，brushing his teeth.
他说，这是因为小时候开始练习单口喜剧时，他总是站在镜子前边刷牙边给自己讲笑话。3.现在分词短语作状语
4.this is because...this is becauseThey could only see him standing there .
他们只能看到他站在那里，嘴唇在动。moving his lipsThey say when you laugh，your brain sends chemicals around your body that are good for you.
他们说这是因为当你笑的时候，你的大脑就会向全身传递对身体有益的化学物质。5.whatever引导让步状语从句Whatever the reason ，research shows that in the end，the English saying，‘Laughter is the best medicine’，may be true after all.
不管是什么原因，研究最终表明，英语格言“笑是灵丹妙药”到头来可能真的没错。课文预读1234Ⅰ.课文阅读理解1.A stand-up comedian .
A.must be a man
B.can’t make fun of an audience member
C.may talk directly to the audience members
D.mustn’t stand right there in front of the audience√ 答案52.What is WRONG about Billy Crystal?
A.He has hosted the Academy Awards nine times.
B.Whenever he is on stage，he always keeps a toothbrush in his pocket
for good luck.
C.He is famous for his outstanding ability of quick thinking.
D.He still enjoys stand-up.√1234 答案53.From the text we know that .
A.no comedians rely on visual humour
B.Billy Crystal plans to stop making films but not to stop telling jokes
C.stand-up comedy is popular all over the world
D.Bob Hope and George Burns lived to be 100 years old because they
retired in their fifties√1234 答案54.According to doctors，why laughter is good for you?
A.Because when you laugh，your brain sends chemicals around your
body that are good for you.
B.Because laughing helps your body stay healthy.
C.Because laughing helps you fight pain.
D.All of the above.√ 答案123455.What’s the author’s main purpose by writing this passage?
A.To introduce the stand-up comedy to us.
B.To make us know about famous comedians like Bob Hope and George
Burns.
C.To tell people that laughing is the best medicine.
D.To help us learn how to perform stand-up comedy.√ 答案12345Ⅱ.课文阅读填空introductionbehavio(u)r(s)visualimpresswatchwhythinkaroundamusinglaughingⅢ.课文阅读简答1.What is special about stand-up comedy?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.When did Billy Crystal begin practising stand-up?
____________________________________________
3.What does your brain do when you laugh?
__________________________________________________________________________Stand-up comedy is special because the comedian is right there in front of the audience and may talk straight to audience members.He began practising stand-up when he was a child.When we laugh，our brains send chemicals around our body that are good for us. ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅳ.阅读课文，并以约30个词概括最后一段(P3，L49－58)的段落大意。 We often hear that laughter is the best medicine.Doctors have found it true.It can help you stay healthy and even help you fight pain.So in order to live longer，try to laugh a lot.要点探究重点词汇经典句式难句分析(1)variety n.(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式
a variety of＝varieties of多种多样的，许多
(2)various adj.各种各样的
(3)vary vt.& vi.改变；变更
vary from...to...在……和……之间变化There are a variety of different styles of stand-up comedy.
单口喜剧有许多不同的类型。归纳拓展重点词汇(1)Students are offered a variety of courses in this department.
这个系为学生开设各种各样的课程。
(2)There are various ways of solving the problem.
解决这个问题有各种各样的方法。
(3) That sort of thing varies from person to person in African countries.
那种事情在非洲国家因人而异。语境助记(1)用variety的适当形式填空
①I don’t believe in him for of reasons.
②The school offers us books.题组训练varietiesvarious(2)In the botanical garden we can find a(n) of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers.
A.species B.group
C.amount D.variety√ 答案 解析句意为：在植物园里我们能看到各种各样的植物，从大树到小花。 a variety of各种各样的；a group of一群，一组；an amount of大量的。
(1)behave vt.& vi.表现；举止
behave oneself表现得体
behave well/badly举止良好/很差
(2)behaviour n.表现；行为，举止Some comedians tell jokes about the way people behave or about daily life.
一些喜剧演员就人们的行为举止或日常生活开玩笑。归纳拓展(1)You behaved like a complete child.
你表现得十足像个小孩。
(2)I hope the children behave themselves.
我希望孩子们规矩点儿。
(3)I think all of us should mind our behaviour in public places.
我认为我们每个人都应该注意在公共场合的行为举止。语境助记题组训练(1)那个男孩在派对上表现很差。
The boy at the party.
(2)这不是你对待孩子的方式。
This is not how you .
(3)他对家人的举止令我震惊。
I was shocked by .behaved badlybehave towards a childhis behaviour towards his family(4)Students are asked to themselves in this boarding school and they are only allowed to go back home once a week.
A.act B.behave
C.perform D.observe√ 答案behave oneself守规矩，符合句意。 解析
trip over 绊倒
get over克服；(从疾病等中)恢复过来
hand over交出，移交，让与
knock over撞倒，撞翻
turn over翻转，翻身Yet other comedians may trip over chairs，walk into doors，and fall down on stage in order to make people laugh.
还有些别的喜剧演员可能玩这些把戏逗笑观众：被椅子绊倒，撞到房门上，或者跌倒在舞台上。归纳拓展(1)I tripped over，dropping the tray I was carrying.
我绊了一下，手中的托盘掉在了地上。
(2)He finally handed over his responsibility for the company last year.
他终于在去年交出了公司的职务。
(3)Don’t knock over the bowl of water.
别把那碗水打翻了。语境助记题组训练(1)如果不当心，你会被石头绊倒的。
You the stone if you don’t mind out.
(2)你翻翻身，就容易睡着了。
If you you might find it easier to get to sleep.will trip overturn over(3)He someone’s foot in the darkened cinema and almost fell.
A.turned over B.tripped over
C.came over D.got over√ 答案 解析句意为：在黑暗的电影院里，他被别人的脚绊了一下，差一点跌倒了。turn over翻过来；trip over绊倒；come over顺便过来；get over克服。由句意可知选B项。
make fun of嘲弄；拿……开玩笑
have fun玩得开心
for fun闹着玩...he or she will act or speak like a well-known person in order to make fun of that person.
……他或她的动作或说话方式像某个名人，为的是拿这个人开玩笑。归纳拓展What fun it is to do sth.！做某事多么有趣！(1)It’s cruel to make fun of people with disabilities.
取笑残疾人未免不近人情。
(2)You are sure to have fun at the party tonight.
在今晚的晚会上你一定会玩得很开心。
(3)I’m learning to cook just for fun.
我学做饭只是为了好玩。语境助记题组训练(1)和小孩子一起玩耍很有趣。
with little children.
(2)夏天跳进池塘或去游泳多有趣啊！
jump into a pool or go swimming in summer!It is fun to play/playingWhat fun it is to(3)He emphasized that nobody liked in public.
A.making fun of B.being made fun
C.being made fun of D.making fun√ 答案 解析句意为：他强调没有人愿意当众被嘲笑。主语nobody与make fun of之间是被动关系；且在被动结构中，介词of不能省略，故选C。
Each time，he performs his stand-up routine in front of millions of people when the show is broadcast live on TV.
每次(主持奥斯卡颁奖典礼的时候)，他都会通过电视直播，在数百万观众面前表演他的单口喜剧节目。(1)perform vt.& vi.演出，表演；做，履行；运转
perform one’s duty/promise/task履行职责/履行诺言/执行任务
perform/carry out an operation进行手术
perform well/badly 表现好/不好
(2)performance n.演出，表演；表现；履行
give/put on a performance表演(节目)
(3)performer n.执行者，表演者归纳拓展(1)He has performed all his duties.
他已履行了他全部的职责。
(2)The doctor performed the operation very successfully.
那位医生很成功地做了那次手术。
(3)What play will be performed tonight?
今晚演什么戏？语境助记题组训练(1)那晚这个小男孩在舞台上表现得很好。
The little boy on the stage that night.performed well(2)Your as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.
A.operation B.growth
C.performance D.character√ 答案 解析句意为：作为学生，如果你养成对自己的学习方法进行反思的习惯，你的表现将会非常出色。performance表现，符合句意。operation手术，操作；growth成长；character个性。
come up with提出，想出
keep up with与……同步，跟上
catch up with跟上
put up with忍耐，忍受；熬过
end up with以……结束One reason Crystal has become so famous is that he is very quick thinking，and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.
克里斯托之所以如此出名，原因之一就是他思维非常敏捷，常常能就身边的人或事即兴编排新的笑话。归纳拓展(1)He could not come up with a proper answer.
他想不出一个合适的回答。
(2)Julie is one of those women who always keep up with the latest fashions.
朱莉是那些总赶时髦的女子之一。
(3)I will have to find some other work，for I can’t put up with this loud noise any more.
我将不得不再找其他的工作，因为我再也不能忍受这么大的噪音了。语境助记题组训练(1)I hope you can a solution to the question as soon as possible.
A.come up with B.catch up with
C.put up with D.end up with√ 答案 解析句意为：我希望你能想出一个能够尽快解决这个问题的方案。come up with想出；catch up with追上，赶上；put up with将就，忍受；end up with以……结束。 (2)Smell the flowers before you go to sleep，and you may just sweet dreams.
A.keep up with B.put up with
C.end up with D.catch up with√句意为：在你睡觉之前闻闻鲜花，你便可以以美梦结束一天。keep up with跟上； put up with 忍受；end up with以……结束；catch up with赶上。 答案 解析
make up编造；虚构；和解；和好；化妆，打扮；凑数；补上；铺好(床)；构成；占
make up for补偿；弥补
be made (out) of由……制成(能看出原料)
be made from由……制成(看不出原料)
be made into被制成……Instead of telling the joke he had planned，Crystal made up a new one.
克里斯托放弃了事先准备好的笑话，编了一个新的。归纳拓展(1)I’m afraid that you can’t make up an excuse now.
恐怕你现在编不出借口来了。
(2)Everything we used was made from natural materials.
我们所用的一切都是由天然材料做成的。语境助记题组训练(1)写出下列句子中make up的汉语意思
①The actors were making up when the audience arrived. ____
②I’m paying $ 500 and Dave is making up the rest. ____
③Tom hasn’t made up with Alice. ____
④Women make up 40% of the workforce. ___
⑤You should stay this night.I’ll make up a bed for you. ________化妆凑足和好占铺好(床)(2)Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music，but she it with hard work.(2014·大纲全国，31)
A.goes back on B.takes away from
C.makes up for D.catches up with√ 答案 解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：卡罗琳虽然没有音乐方面的天赋，但是她用刻苦努力来弥补它。go back on背叛，背弃；take away from拿走，带走；make up for弥补；catch up with赶上，追上。由句中的关键信息doesn’t have a gift for music以及并列连词but可知，她是在用刻苦努力来“弥补(make up for)”没有音乐天赋这件事。(1)amuse vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐
amuse oneself自娱自乐
(2)amused adj.被逗笑的；愉快的
be amused at/by被……逗乐，以……为乐
be amused to do...做……取乐
keep sb.amused使某人快乐；使某人消遣Crystal is popular with all age groups and has the ability to amuse people all over the world.
克里斯托深受各年龄层人们的喜欢，而且他能逗乐全世界各地的人。归纳拓展(3)amusing adj.有趣的，好玩的，逗人笑的
(4)amusement n.消遣，娱乐
to one’s amusement令某人开心的是(1)It is not always easy to amuse oneself on holiday.
让自己在假期里自娱并不总是容易的。
(2)He was amused to see how seriously she took the game.
他看见她玩这个游戏十分认真的样子，觉得好笑。语境助记题组训练(1)用amuse的适当形式填空
①Our English teacher is .He always kept us in class.
②The performance everyone present.amusingamusedamusingamused(2)To my ，Jane dressed herself like a monkey to attend the wedding party.
A.credit B.delight
C.relief D.amusement√ 答案 解析句意为：让我感到好笑的是，Jane把自己打扮得像只猴子去参加婚礼。credit信用，荣誉，贷款；delight高兴；relief宽慰；amusement消遣，娱乐。
pass away去世，亡故
pass by路过，经过
pass down流传，世代相传
pass sth.on to sb./pass on sth.to sb.把某物递给/传给某人When he passed away in 1996，millions of Americans mourned his death.
在1996年他去世时，数以百万的美国人都悼念他。归纳拓展(1)They are searching for the civilizations that have passed away.
他们正在寻找那些不复存在的社会文明。
(2)He pretended not to notice me when he passed by(me).
他从我身边经过时假装没注意到我。语境助记题组训练(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①He passed in his sleep at the age of eighty-four.
②I took a day off because I didn’t want to pass my flu everyone.
③The treasure has been passed from parent to child over generations.awayontodown(2)Lucy，please pass the book Jane when you’ve finished it.
A.away B.by
C.off D.on to√ 答案 解析pass sth.on to sb.意为“把某物传递给某人”。
While this kind of humour may sound cruel，it usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affection for or admire the person being made fun of.
这种幽默听起来有点刻薄，但通常只有当喜剧演员和观众都喜欢或者崇拜这个被取笑的对象时，这种幽默才奏效。经典句式while的用法：
(1)意为“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。
(2)作从属连词还可引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间，当……时候”。
(3)作并列连词，表示“然而”。
(4)作名词，表示“一会儿，一段时间”。归纳拓展(1)While I admit his good points，I can see his shortcomings.
虽然我承认他的优点，但也能看到他的缺点。
(2)While we were talking，he came in.
我们正在谈话时，他进来了。
(3)He is a doctor while his brother is a policeman.
他是个医生而他的弟弟是个警察。语境助记题组训练(1)尽管我愿意帮忙，但是我没有多少空闲时间。
，I do not have much time available.
(2)我一会儿就回来。
I’ll be back .While I am willing to helpin a little while(3)—What do you think of the music teacher?
— she is an elegant lady，she can be extremely difficult to work with.(2017·连云港灌南中学高二月考)
A.While B.When
C.Even if D.As 答案 解析句意为：——你认为这位音乐老师怎么样？——虽然她很优雅，但是和她一起共事可能非常难。while虽然，尽管，故选A项。√(4) there is little we can do to modify the weather，we can at least know what kind of weather to expect.
A.Since B.When
C.While D.Unless 答案 解析句意为：尽管我们在改变天气方面能做的很少，但我们至少可以预知天气的类型。while尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句。√
He says it is because when he started practicing stand-up as a child，he told himself jokes while standing in front of the mirror，brushing his teeth.
他说，这是因为小时候开始练习单口喜剧时，他总是站在镜子前边刷牙边给自己讲笑话。(1)句中的brushing his teeth是现在分词(一般式)短语作伴随状语，表示与谓语动作told同时进行的动作。“while standing in front of the mirror”作时间状语，是“while he was standing in front of the mirror”的省略。
(2)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或主语为it，且从句中含有be的某种形式时，这时可以将从句的主语和be一起省略。归纳拓展(1)While (I am) walking in the street，I came across my best friend.
在街上走着时，我碰到了我的好朋友。
(2)I won’t go to attend the party unless (I am) invited.
除非被邀请，否则我是不会去参加派对的。
(3)You can turn to him for help when (it is) necessary.
必要时，你可以向他求助。语境助记题组训练(1)这个项目一旦开始了就很难停下来了。
The project is hard to stop .once (it is ) begun(2)When for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A.asking B.asked
C.having asked D.to be asked 答案 解析句意为：当被问及他对于教学工作的观点时，菲利浦说他发现这个工作很有趣很值得(做)。此处是状语从句的省略，从句补充完整为：When he was asked for his views about his teaching job。√
Whatever the reason，research shows that in the end，the English saying，‘Laughter is the best medicine’，may be true after all.
不管是什么原因，研究最终表明，英语格言“笑是灵丹妙药”到头来可能真的没错。(1)whatever在句中引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……”，相当于no matter what。此处省略了is。
(2)whatever，whichever，who(m)ever，whenever，wherever，however既可引导让步状语从句又可引导名词性从句；而no matter what，no matter which，no matter who(m)，no matter when，no matter where，no matter how只可引导让步状语从句。归纳拓展(1)Whatever/No matter what you say，I won’t believe you.
无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。
(2)I’ll eat whatever you give me.
你给我吃什么，我就吃什么。(引导宾语从句，此时，whatever≠no matter what)
(3)Whoever comes will be welcome.
不管谁来都受欢迎。(引导主语从句，此时Whoever≠No matter who)语境助记题组训练(1)她做的一切都是对的。
was right.
(2)不管你做什么，我都不会把我的秘密告诉你。
，I won’t tell you my secret.Whatever she didWhatever/No matter what you do(3) an advertisement says，remember that there is as a free lunch in the world.
A.Whatever；no such thing
B.What；not such thing
C.However；no such thing
D.How；not such thing 答案 解析句意为：不管广告说什么，记住天下没有免费的午餐。whatever不管什么；no such thing没有这样的事情。what和how不引导状语从句。故选A。√
One reason Crystal has become so famous is that he is very quick thinking，and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.难句分析句式分析：Crystal has become so famous是 从句，省略了关系副词why；that引导的是 从句；后两个is是 关系。
自主翻译： 定语表语并列 克里斯托之所以如此出名，原因之一就是他的思维非常敏捷，常常能就身边的人或事即兴编排新的笑话。当堂达标Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Jack is not polite to people；he often the disabled.
2.People like to live a life full of (多样化).
3. (在……之前) to the meeting we had discussed the matter amo-ng ourselves.
4.The evening dance begins at 8 o’clock.
5.As the (谚语) goes the early bird catches the worm.teasesvarietyPreviousperformancesaying6.If you like that，you’ll get yourself disliked.
7.He learned (技术的) skills by trial and error.
8.I often myself by reading.behavetechnicalamuse9.It is obvious that no student likes in the teacher’s face during the class.
10.He a good idea for the difficult math problem last night.
11.He always the things in which he believes.
12.Unfortunately，he a stone and fell in the mud.
13.I special Cao Yu’s classic play Thunderstorm.stand up for，trip over，make fun of，have affection for，come up withⅡ.选词填空being made fun ofcame up withstands up fortripped overhaveaffection forⅢ.完成句子14.没有极大的意志力就不会有这样一个伟大的天才。
There is a great talent without great willpower.
15.无论发生什么事情，我都会支持你。
，I’ll stand on your side.
16.运动会被推迟了，那是因为明天会有暴风雨。
The sports meeting is put off. there will be a heavy storm tomorrow.no such thing asWhatever/No matter what happensThat’s because17.一个鲜为人知的事实是他曾经担任过三年的教师。
he once a teacher for three years.
18.男孩大喊着跑开了。
The boy ran away， .One little-known fact is thatwasshouting loudlyⅣ.单项填空19.Your support is important to our work. you can do helps.(2016·北京，24)
A.However B.Whoever
C.Whatever D.Wherever 答案 解析句意为：你的支持对我们的工作是很重要的。你做的任何事情都是有帮助的。helps是谓语，此处引导的是主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，因此用whatever引导，故选C。√20. not necessary，booking in advance is recommended in order to avoid waiting in line.(2017·扬州中学高二期中)
A.Once B.Since
C.If D.While 答案 解析句意为：虽然没有必要，但是还是要推荐提前订票以免排队。once一旦；since由于；if如果；while虽然。由句意可知选D项。√21. It’s surprising that your brother Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long. (2017·连云港灌南中学高二月考)
A.picked up B.looked up
C.put up D.made up 答案 解析句意为：你哥哥学法语那么快是令人惊讶的——他没在那里生活很长时间。pick up 偶然学会；look up 查阅；put up 张贴；make up 编造。由句意可知选A项。√22.We have to the practical measures to prevent the air pollution.
A.put up with B.keep up with
C.catch up with D.come up with 答案 解析句意为：我们必须找到防止空气污染的切实可行的办法。put up with忍受；keep up with赶上；catch up with赶上；come up with想出，提出。由句意可知选D项。√23.Tom，don’t the poor little girl and yourself. Did you forget the school rules? (2017·邗江中学高二期中)
A.make a joke about；perform
B.laugh at；conquer
C.make fun of；behave
D.tease；believe 答案 解析句意为：汤姆，不要取笑那个可怜的小女孩。规矩点儿。你忘了学校的制度了吗？make fun of 取笑；behave oneself规矩点儿。√课件53张PPT。Unit 1 Laughter is good for you基础自测 内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period Three Task写作专题基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. n.外国人
adj.外国的
2. vt.教授，传授；命令，指示；告知
n.命令
3. adj.最初的，初始的
n.(人名的)首字母
adv.最初，开始
4. vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到；达到
5. vt.提高；修改；润色foreignerforeigninstructinstructioninitialinitiallyattainpolishⅡ.重点短语
1. 接纳
2. 对……感兴趣
3. 继续；继续前进；开始做(别的事)；换(话题)
4. 与……相配
5. 关于take onhave an interest inmove on to (doing) sth.go within regard toⅢ.重点句式
，some of his students go on to beco-me quite well known themselves.
一旦他们掌握了这些技巧，他的一些学生便会继续下去，直到自己变得非常出名。
So，if you want to try crosstalk lessons， with a real old master?
因此，如果你想尝试一下相声课，为什么不跟随一名真正的相声大师学习呢？Once they have polished their skillswhy not study1.once 引导时间状语从句2.why not...?要点探究重点词汇经典句式He has instructed students from over 70 different countries.
他已指导过来自70多个不同国家的学生。重点词汇(1)instruct vt.教授，传授；指示，命令；告知
instruct sb.to do sth.指导某人做某事
(2)instruction n.指示；说明书；使用指南(常用复数)；[U]指导
obey/follow instructions遵从指令/指示
(3)instructive adj.有教育意义的，有启发性的
(4)instructor n.指导员，教练
注意：instruct表示“命令”时，后面宾语从句的谓语动词要用should do，should可以省略。归纳拓展(1)It was Jay that instructed me to throw myself out of the plane.
是杰伊告诉我从飞机上跳下去的。
(2)They instructed him that he (should) leave the country at once.
他们命令他立刻离开这个国家。
(3)It is important to follow the teacher’s instructions in the lab.
在实验室听从老师的指示非常重要。语境助记(1)用instruct的适当形式填空
What the says is often .Under his ，we have all made progress.题组训练instructorinstructiveinstruction(2)Operate the electrical appliance following the attached in the box，or you’ll be at risk.
A.instructions B.explanations
C.introductions D.statements√ 答案 解析句意为：按照贴在盒子上的说明书操作该电动设备，否则，你会有危险。instructions说明书，指南，符合句意。explanation说明，解释；introduction介绍，引进；statement陈述，叙述。take on接纳，承担；从事；较量；开始雇用；呈现；具有……的特征
take back收回
take down记下来；拿下来
take off起飞；脱下
take out取出
take over接管In an interview，he told us that he is always happy to take on new foreign students.
在一次采访中，他告诉我们，他总是乐意接收新的外国学生。归纳拓展(1)They have taken on a new worker.
他们已经雇用了一名新员工。
(2)Who will take over now that David has resigned?
大卫已经辞职了，谁会接任呢？语境助记题组训练(1)选词填空
take back，take on， take off，take down，take out
①After the heavy rain，the old city a new look.
②The policeman all details of the accident.
③We the CD player because it didn’t work well.
④We’ll in five minutes.Please fasten your seat belts.
⑤I had two of my teeth .took ontook downtook backtake offtaken out(2)The word “cool” has expanded to many different meanings.
A.take on B.put on
C.carry on D.get on√ 答案 解析take on具有……的特征。Then they move on to creating crosstalk dialogues in pairs with other students.
然后，他们就开始与其他的学生两人一组表演相声了。move on接下去；继续；继续前进；开始做(别的事)；换(话题)(后接介词to)；让(某人)离开(事故现场等)
move in搬家，搬入新居
move off起程；出发；离开
on the move在移动中归纳拓展(1)We tried to see who had been hurt，but the police told us to move on.
我们试图看看谁受伤了，但警察让我们离开现场。
(2)Though he failed this time，he moved on again.
尽管他这次失败了，但他仍继续努力。
(3)Don’t jump off a train when it’s on the move.
火车未停稳时切勿跳下。语境助记题组训练(1)看完体育版后，他又开始看娱乐版。
After finishing the sports section，he the entertainment section.
(2)载重汽车排好队准备出发。
The lorries were lined up，ready to .moved on to readingmove off(3)I’d done the same job for years and felt it was time to .
A.move on B.go on
C.have on D.take on√ 答案 解析句意为：我做同一份工作多年了，我感到是时候更换工作了。move on开始做(别的事)，继续(做某事)，换(话题)；go on继续；have on穿着(衣服等)；take on呈现，接受，雇用。由句意知选A项。经典句式
Once they have polished their skills，some of his students go on to become quite well known themselves.
一旦他们掌握了这些技巧，他的一些学生便会继续下去，直到自己变得非常出名。once引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”。如果once引导的从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时，或从句为“it be...”形式时，从句中的“主语＋be”或“it be”可以省略。归纳拓展(1)Once you have heard the song，you will never forget it.
一旦你听过这首歌，你将永远不会忘记它。
(2)Once broadcast，the TV play will be very popular with young people.
一旦开播，这部电视剧将会非常受年轻人的欢迎。语境助记题组训练(1)水一开始沸腾，温度就不再升高。
，its temperature no longer rises.Once water begins to boil(2) the damage is done，it will take many years for the farmland to recover.(2015·北京，32)
A.Until B.Unless
C.Once D.Although 答案 解析考查连词。句意为：一旦造成损害，要花费许多年的时间耕地才能恢复。until直到；unless除非；once一旦；although尽管。由句意可知选C。√
So，if you want to try crosstalk lessons，why not study with a real old master?
因此，如果你想尝试一下相声课，为什么不跟随一名真正的相声大师学习呢？(1)why not do...？表示提出建议，意为“何不/为什么不……呢？”，相当于why don’t you do...?
(2)why not do...？与why do...？相似，但是前者表示提出建议，后者表示对某一建议提出质疑或反对，意为“为什么那样做呢？”归纳拓展(1)Why not manage to lead a green life?
为何不设法过一种环保的生活呢？
(2)Why give her some flowers?
为什么要给她一些花呀？语境助记题组训练(1)珍妮有漂亮的珠宝，为什么不去向她借呢？
Jenny has beautiful jewellery. some from her?
(2)你为什么不用其他办法试一试？
doing it in some other way?Why not go and borrow/Why don’t you goand borrowWhy don’t you try/Why not try(3)—It’s a long time since I last saw my sister.
— her this weekend?
A.Why not visit B.Why not to visit
C.Why not visiting D.Why don’t visit 答案 解析why not后只接动词原形，意为“为何不……”，用于向对方提出建议。√当堂达标Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Only after you have enough basic skills can you produce creative works of art.
2.The union issued an order (指示) its members not to work overtime.
3.He removed his glasses and began them with a piece of cloth.
4.There is no doubt that this candidate’s advantage lies in his ability to communicate with in English.
5.Is it true that (最初的) infection of HIV may produce no symptoms?attainedinstructingpolishingforeignersinitialⅡ.选词填空
in regard to，in pairs，take on，have an interest in，go with
6.Why does the foreigner Chinese folk songs?
7.The teacher asked the students to discuss questions to improve their skills.
8.He more workers during the harvest.
9.I want a pair of tights(紧身裤) to this sweater.
10. teaching method，we have not yet discussed it.have an interest inin pairstook ongo withIn regard toⅢ.完成句子
11.在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。
in an emergency.
12.如果你不喜欢读这本书，那就换另一本。
If the book bores you， .
13.为什么不来和我们一块爬山？
and join us in climbing the mountain?It is important to keep calmmove on to anotherWhy not come14.我们需要有实用技术的人。
We need people .
15.一旦记住，永生不忘。
，you will never forget it.with practical skillsOnce you remember itⅣ.单项填空
16.At the meeting many problems came up environmental protection. (2017·邗江中学高二期中)
A.as a result of B.with regard to
C.in return for D.in place of 答案 解析句意为：在会议上很多关于环境保护的问题被提出来了。as a result of 因为；with regard to关于；in return for回报；in place of 代替。由句意可知选B项。√17. there are many different types of food，some animals spend their lives eating only one type.(2017·盐城龙岗中学高二调研)
A.Since B.Unless
C.Once D.While 答案 解析句意为：虽然有很多不同种类的食物，一些动物还是只靠吃一种来生存。since由于；unless除非；once一旦；while虽然。由句意可知选D项。√18. In a typhoon，winds a speed greater than 120 kilometers per hour.
A.assume B.accomplish
C.attain D.acquire 答案 解析句意为：在台风中，风速能达到每小时120公里。attain达到(目的等)，取得(成就等)；assume假定，假设，承担；accomplish 完成；acquire获得，学到，习得。√19.We can’t any more work，and we’re fully stretched at the moment.
A.take in B.take on
C.take over D.take off 答案 解析句意为：我们不能再接受更多的工作了，目前我们已经是全力以赴了。take on在此意为“接受，承担”，符合句意。take in吸收，理解，欺骗；take over接收，接管；take off拿掉，脱衣，起飞。√20. I think we’ve talked enough about that; let’s .
A.continue B.move on
C.go on D.move off 答案 解析句意为：我想那一点我们已经谈得够多了，谈点别的吧。move on开始做(别的事)，换(话题)，符合句意。continue继续(同一话题)；go on继续同一话题；move off离开。√写作专题——Writing an e-mail写作指导常用表达典题示例写作指导英文电子邮件在内容结构上与普通书信一样，但在格式上有所不同。它主要由以下几部分组成：
1.标题栏
一般情况下，开头需要填写的地方有to：(收件人)及subject(邮件主题)。
2.称呼语
在e-mail中，正文前的称呼应根据写信人与收信人的关系而定，一般以Dear...或My dear...开头。3.正文
正文是电子邮件的主要部分，写作时需注意以下两点：
(1)首先要明确写给谁。不同的收件人，语气不同。写给朋友的可用一些俚语或缩写词语，但正式的邮件就不能用俚语或缩写词语。像高考中的书面表达题，就是正规的写作，一般不用俚语或缩写词语。
(2)文体的特点是简单明了，便于阅读，所以电子邮件大多把话题分成几个小主题，每个小主题一段，每段一般只有一两句话，正文由两三个或三四个简短的段落构成。当然，对重点部分要作详细介绍。太长的内容可以以附件的方式发出。4.结束语
结束语常用敬语，表示客套和礼节，措辞应恰当。通常用“Best Regards！”，“Best Wishes！”或使用“Have a nice day！”，“Good day to you！”等表示美好祝愿的词组作为敬意结尾。
5.署名
在结束语的下面一至两行签上自己的名字。注意：署名顶格居左。常用表达常用开头语：
1.Thank you for...
2.I’m glad to receive your letter dated on...
3.I’m sorry that I couldn’t write earlier.
4.How are you getting along with your study?
5.With great pleasure I learn that...
6.I’m writing to ask if...正文常用语：
1.Could you come to...？/I would very much like you to join us.(邀请)
2.I’d like to come，but I can’t because.../I’m really sorry to say...(委婉拒绝)
3.In my opinion，you should...(回复求助)常用结束语：
1.I’m looking forward to receiving...
2.All my best wishes to you.
3.Remember me to your parents.
4.Good luck to you.
5.Please give my compliments to your family.典题示例假如你叫李华，请你写一封电子邮件告知你的英国网友保罗(Paul)有关你们学校的一些情况。参考词汇：必修课required courses；选修课selected coursesStep One 审题谋篇
1.时态：本文应以一般现在时为主。
2.人称：以第一人称写。
3.目的：告知网友保罗你们学校的有关情况。写作步骤Step Two 联想词汇
1.工作努力__________
2.从……中选择____________
3.对……和蔼____________
4.对工作严格____________________
5.对……认真________________work hardchoose from...be kind to sb.be strict in one’s workbe serious about...Step Three 句式升级
1.我们学校有1 800学生，32个班，有200个教职工。
There are 1,800 students and 32 classes in our school. (两个简单句)
There are 1,800 students and 32 classes in our school. (with)There are 200teachers and staff.with 200 teachers and staff2.除此之外，我们还有很多选修科目可供选择。
Besides these，we have many selected courses.We . (两个简单句)
Besides these，we have many selected courses .(不定式作后置定语)can choose from themto choose from3.我的英语老师是我们的班主任，她对我们很和蔼，但是对工作很严格、很认真。
My English teacher is our head teacher. but she is very strict and serious about her work. (两个简单句)
My English teacher is our head teacher， but is very strict and serious about her work.(定语从句)She is very kind to uswho is very kind to usStep Four 连句成篇
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
____________________________Dear Paul，
I’m writing to tell you something about my school.There are 1,800 students and 32 classes with 200 teachers and staff in our school.The teachers in our school work hard.Chinese，maths and English are our required courses.Besides these，we have many selected courses to choose from，too.I’m in Class 3，Grade 2.There are fifty students—thirty-five boys and fifteen girls in my class.My English teacher is our head teacher，who is very kind to us but is very strict and serious about her work.We all think that she is a great teacher.________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________ How about your school？Please write to me soon.
Yours，
Li Hua课件67张PPT。Unit 1 Laughter is good for you基础自测 内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage语法专题基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. n.健壮，健康；适合
adj.适合的；健康的
vt.(使)适合
n.合身(的衣服)，适合
2. vt.&vi.增强；巩固
n.力量
adj.强壮的，结实的fitstrengthenstrengthstrongfitness3. vi.参加，参与
n.参加，参与
n.参加者，参与者
4. adj.积极的；正面的；肯定的
5. adj.负面的，消极的；否定的；坏的，有害的
6. vt.& n.保证；担保
7. n.愚蠢
adj.愚蠢的participateparticipationparticipantpositivenegativeguaranteefoolishnessfoolishⅡ.重点短语
1. 负责，主管
2. 应该
3. 被分为……
4. 确保
5. 锻炼；做出；可以解决；计算出
6. 参加，参与
7. 赶走；驱赶
8. 值得in chargebe supposed tobe divided intomake surework outparticipate indrive awaybe worth itⅢ.重点句式
If you want to be an actor，there are certain things you will need to know .
如果你想要成为一名演员，在你可以参与演出前你要知道一些事情。
Don’t worry，just follow the stage directions that you have learnt，and say your lines， !
不要担心，只要按照你学习的舞台说明做，说你的台词，你就会做得很好！before you can be in a playand you will do fine1.before引导时间状语从句2.祈使句＋and＋陈述句
First of all， helps improve your general fitness.
首先，大笑帮助你提高你的基本身体素质。
you feel upset or disappointed，do not worry.
下次你感到沮丧或者失望时，不要担心。laughing out loudThe next time3.动名词短语作主语4.The next time引导时间状语从句要点探究重点词汇经典句式(1)strengthen vt.加强；增强；巩固
(2)strength n.力气；体力；强项；优势
have the strength to do sth.有做某事的力气
build up one’s strength增强实力This is because laughter strengthens the heart and the lungs.这是因为笑能增强心肺功能。 归纳拓展重点词汇(1)In order to strengthen his muscle，Mike goes to the gym regularly to do exercise.
为了强健肌肉，麦克经常去体育馆锻炼。
(2)He hasn’t enough strength to lift the box.
他没有足够的力量搬起那个箱子。语境助记(1)为了让一个组里的成员做得更好，训练员首先要了解他们的优势和劣势。
To make members of a team perform better，the trainer first of all has to know their .
(2)为了增强体力，比尔进行着大量的锻炼。
Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise .题组训练strengths and weaknessesto build up his strength(3)To his position in the country，he appointed his close friend Henry as head of the troops.
A.strengthen B.sponsor
C.clarify D.switch√ 答案 解析句意为：为了巩固他在这个国家的地位，他任命他的好朋友亨利作为军队的统领。strengthen加强；sponsor赞助；clarify澄清，使……清楚；switch转换，转化。
(1)participate vi.参加，参与
participate in参加，参与
(2)participation n.参加，参与
(3)participant n.参与者As you laugh，the muscles participating in the laugh become active.
当你笑的时候，参与笑的肌肉变得活跃起来。归纳拓展(1)A lot of countries participated in the Olympic Games in Rio in 2016.
很多国家参加了2016年在里约举办的奥运会。
(2)The scheme aims to encourage participation in sporting activities.
这个方案旨在鼓励大众参与体育活动。语境助记题组训练用participate的适当形式填空
(1)You can enjoy a 50% saving on room rates at all hotels.
(2)We would like to see more by younger people.
(3)It was argued that he was a willing .participatingparticipationparticipant
drive away赶走；驱赶；把(车)开走
drive off 开走；赶走；驱散；击退
drive sb.＋adj.使人……
drive sb. to do sth.迫使某人做某事Enjoying a funny comedy or reading some jokes will drive away your negative feelings and make you feel much better.享受搞笑的喜剧或阅读一些笑话会赶走你的负面情绪，让你感觉好很多。归纳拓展(1)The fresh air seemed to drive away all his sadness.
清新的空气好像驱散了他的悲伤。
(2)The large noise outside really almost drove her mad.
外面那么大的噪音确实差点让她发疯。
(3)The defenders drove off each attack.
防守队员击退了每一次进攻。语境助记题组训练(1)当时，饥饿迫使这个小男孩去偷窃。
Hunger at the time.
(2)放松点儿！你把自己弄得太累了。
Take it easy! You are .drove the little boy to stealdriving yourself too hard(3)Listen to some soft music，for it can all your anger.
A.get away B.drive away
C.turn off D.put off√ 答案 解析句意为：听一些轻柔的音乐吧，因为它能赶走你所有的愤怒。get away离开；drive away赶走；turn off关闭；put off 延期。由句意可知选B项。
guarantee vt.& n.保证；担保
guarantee sb.against/from...保证某人免受……
guarantee sth./to do sth./that...保证/担保/许诺(做)某事
(be) under guarantee在保修期内Practising is the only way to guarantee a successful performance.
练习是保证演出成功的唯一方法。归纳拓展(1)The car club couldn’t guarantee to meet the demands of all its members.
这家汽车俱乐部不能保证满足所有成员的要求。
(2)Can you guarantee the graduates a satisfying job when they graduate from university?
你能保证大学生毕业之后能够找到一份满意的工作吗？
(3)My watch is under guarantee，so they’ll repair it for free.
我的表还在保修期内，所以他们会免费给我维修。语境助记题组训练(1)Working hard is not only a of great success，but it is among the essential requirements.
A.sign B.signal
C.mark D.guarantee√ 答案 解析句意为：努力工作不仅仅是成功的保证，也是基本要求之一。sign记号，符号；signal信号；mark标记，符号；guarantee 担保，保证。(2)As a doctor，I that I will be kind to my patients，love them and do my best to save their lives.That is my promise.
A.evaluate B.predict
C.suspect D.guarantee√ 答案 解析句意为：作为一名医生，我确保我将善待我的病人，关爱他们，并且尽最大的努力挽救他们的生命。这就是我的诺言。evaluate评估；predict预测；suspect 怀疑；guarantee保证。If you want to be an actor，there are certain things you will need to know before you can be in a play.
如果你想要成为一名演员，在你可以参与演出前你要知道一些事情。经典句式(1)before conj.在……之前，常用来引导时间状语从句。
(2)It will be＋一段时间＋before从句(一般现在时)表示“要过多久才……”。
(3)It was＋一段时间＋before从句(一般过去时)表示“过了多久才……”。归纳拓展(1)He had worked in England for 3 years before he came to China.
他来中国前在英国工作了三年。
(2)It will be one year before you finish the task.
再过一年你才能完成任务。
(3)It was seven days before everything returned to normal.
过了七天一切才恢复正常。语境助记题组训练(1)还要过很久我们才能毕业。
we graduate.
(2)过了三周汤姆才回家的。
Tom came home.It will be long beforeIt was three weeks before(3)There is only one more day to go your favorite music group play live.(2015·四川，6)
A.since B.until
C.when D.before 答案 解析句意为：还有一天你最喜欢的乐队将会现场演奏。since自从；until直到；when当……时；before在……之前。根据句意可知选D。√
Don’t worry，just follow the stage directions that you have learnt，and say your lines，and you will do fine!
不要担心，只要按照你学习的舞台说明做，说你的台词，你就会做得很好！(1)本句使用了“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构，祈使句表示条件或假设，相当于if引导的条件状语从句；陈述句表示结果或推论。and表示递进关系，含有“那么”之意。
(2)“祈使句＋or (else)/otherwise＋陈述句”结构，用来叙述否定的条件。or (else)/otherwise表示转折关系，意为“否则，要不然”。
(3)“名词词组＋and＋陈述句”结构用来叙述肯定的条件。名词词组中通常含有more，another，further，earlier等词。归纳拓展(1)Use your head，and then you will find a way.
动动脑筋，你就会找到办法的。
(2)Work hard，or you will fall behind others.
努力学习吧，否则你会落后于别人的。
(3)One more hour，and I’ll get the work finished.
再给我一个小时，我就会做完全部工作的。语境助记题组训练(1)一定要小心，否则你会陷入麻烦中的。
Do be more careful， .
(2)对你的孩子耐心点，你会变得快乐得多。
Be more patient to your child， .or you will get into troubleand you will be much happier(3) on the top of the tower and you’ll enjoy the scenery of the whole city.
A.Standing B.Stand
C.To stand D.Stood 答案 解析句意为：站在这个塔的顶部，你就会欣赏到整个城市的景色。此处是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构，故设空处应用动词原形。√当堂达标Ⅰ.词形变换
1.The old man often does some walking to (strength) his body.
2. He is very young，but he likes reading some articles about (fit).
3.Her (participate) in the activity made the chairman satisfied.
4.Everyone at the meeting was laughing at her (foolish).
5.It’s only a small improvement，but at least it’s a step in the right
(direct).strengthenfitnessparticipationfoolishnessdirectionⅡ.完成句子
6. (在阳光下读书) is bad for your eyes.
7. (没过多久) she became a brave soldier.
8. (每次他进城) he would visit our school.
9. (学习再努力些，否则) you won’t pass the exam.
10.People (在舞台上表演) should be energetic.Reading in the sunIt wasn’t long beforeEach time he came to townWork harder，orperforming on the stageⅢ.单项填空
11.Males between 18 and 20 had to leave a deposit as a of returning to do their military service. (2017·宝应安宜中学高二期中)
A.reception B.performance
C.charity D.guarantee 答案 解析句意为：18岁到20岁之间的男子必须留下定金，作为他们回来服兵役的保证。reception接待；performance表演；charity慈善；guarantee保证。由句意可知选D项。√12.I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long，but it’ll still be some time
Brain gets back.(2017·泰州中学高二月考)
A.before B.since
C.till D.after 答案 解析句意为：很抱歉让你等了那么久，但是还要过一段时间Brain才会回来。It will be some time before...意为“要过多久之后才……”。√13. ，I think，and the problems could be settled.(2017·无锡江阴四校高二期中)
A.If you double your efforts
B.So long as you keep up your spirits
C.Making greater efforts
D.A bit more efforts 答案 解析句意为：再努力些，我想，这些问题都能解决的。此处是“名词短语＋and＋陈述句”，相当于“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”。√14. Many of the scientists and engineers are judged how great their achievements are.
A.in spite of B.in charge of
C.in favor of D.in terms of 答案 解析句意为：对许多科学家和工程师，人们是根据他们的成就有多大来评判的。in spite of不顾，不管；in charge of负责，掌管；in favor of支持，赞同；in terms of就……而言，在……方面。√15. We at the school gate， into four groups.
A.divided；separated
B.were divided；separated
C.separated；divided
D.were separated；divided 答案 解析separate在此题中作不及物动词，表示“分手，分开”，排除D项；后面一空表示“被分成四组”，用divide的过去分词形式作方式状语。√语法专题——非谓语动词(Ⅰ)语法感知 语法精析高考链接用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.It usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affect-ion for or admire the person (make) fun of.
2.They could only see him (stand) there moving his lips.
3.The man (perform) on the stage is a famous comedian.
4.In 1975，George Burns acted in a film (call) The Sunshine Boys.
5.Moving into the new district，he had no friends (play) with.语法感知being madestandingperformingcalledto play语法精析一、非谓语动词的句法功能二、不定式和动名词作主语
1.不定式作主语
To be a doctor is hard.想要成为一名医生很难。
To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。
动词不定式(短语)作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用”it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语——动词不定式(短语)放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为：
It is hard to be a doctor.
It is not easy to learn English well.如果要表示动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式的前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例如：
It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning.
对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。2.动名词作主语
His being elected our chairman made us think of a lot.
他当选为我们的主席使我们想起了许多许多。
动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用“It is...”和“There is...”两种句式来表示。例如：
It is no use waiting for him any longer.
等他是没有用的。
There is no joking about such matters.
这种事开不得玩笑。三、非谓语动词作定语
1.不定式作定语
(1)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等时，不定式后面须有相应的介词。
The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.
布朗一家有一幢舒适的房子可以居住。
(2)当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。试比较：
Have you got anything to send？你有什么东西要寄吗？(不定式to send的动作执行者是“你”)Have you got anything to be sent？你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗？(不定式to be sent的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”)
(3)用不定式作定语的几种情况：
①不定式表将来。
The car to be bought is for his sister.
要买的这辆车是给他姐姐的。
②用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no，all，any等限定的中心词，且与中心词为主动关系。
He was the best man to do the job.
他是做这个工作的最佳人选。2.动名词作定语
动名词作定语常常置于被修饰词之前，表示被修饰的名词的用途或者性能，相当于that/which can be used for doing结构。
Do you know if the sleeping pill has its side effect?
(＝Do you know if the pill that/which can be used for sleeping has its side effect？)
你知道这安眠药有副作用吗？3.分词作定语
(1)作定语用的分词如果是一个单词，一般放在被修饰词的前面；如果是分词短语作定语，则放在被修饰词的后面；分词作定语相当于定语从句；过去分词作定语，它和被修饰词之间往往是被动关系(及物动词)，或已经完成(不及物动词)；现在分词作定语，它和被修饰词之间往往是主动关系。
The road was blocked by a fallen tree (a tree that/which had fallen).
路被倒下的树堵塞了。
He was hit by a falling tree (a tree that/which was falling) and killed on the spot.
他被倒下来的树击中，当场死亡。(2)“being＋过去分词”作定语表示被动和正在进行；“to be＋过去分词”表被动和将来。
The house being built (The house that/which is being built) will be our new library.
正在建筑中的这所房子将是我们的图书馆。
The question to be discussed (The question that/which will be discussed) tomorrow is very important.
明天将要讨论的问题很重要。四、不定式和分词作宾语补足语
1.不定式作宾补
(1)动词不定式作宾补省略to的情况：see，watch，notice，observe，look at；hear，listen to；feel等感官动词，以及have，let，make等使役动词后面加宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要省略，但如果句子变成被动结构，就必须带to。help的宾补可以加to也可以不加to(五看、三让、两听、一感觉、半帮助)。
Did you notice anyone leave the house?
你注意到有人离开这房子了吗？
Was anyone noticed to leave the house?
可有人被注意到离开这座房子了吗？(2)后接动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见动词和动词短语有：wish，cause，ask，beg，expect，force，invite，permit，persuade，want，warn，like，order，allow，advise，request，require，get，remind，teach，send，call on，wait for，would like/love，prefer，arrange for，depend on等。
The doctor advised me to give up smoking.
医生建议我要戒烟。
They called on the writer to make a speech.
他们要求那位作家作一次演讲。(3)think，consider，find等动词后作宾语补足语通常是“to be＋形容词或名词”结构，to be常可省略。
This award is considered (to be) a great honor.
这项奖项被认为是极大的荣誉。
She thought him (to be) kind and generous.
她认为他宽厚仁慈。2.分词作宾补
分词可以跟名词或代词构成复合宾语，并且名词或代词与分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词。
He kept the car waiting at the gate.
他让小汽车在门口等着。
The teacher spoke loudly in order to make himself heard by the students at the back.
老师提高声音让后边的学生也能听到。题组训练Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.This is the path (lead) to the school.
2.She is always the last (speak) at the meeting.
3.The little girl (dress) in white is Mary’s younger sister.
4.I think the best way (travel) is on foot.
5.The workers were made (work) day and night.leadingto speakdressedto travelto workⅡ.句型转换
1.When he woke up，he found that he was lying on the ground.
When he woke up，he .
2.The girl was seated under that tree.Do you know her ?
Do you know ?
3.My computer doesn’t work.I’ll ask someone to repair it.
My computer doesn’t work and I’ll .foundhimlyingonthegroundthegirlseatedunderthattreegetitrepaired4.The boys were playing football.I saw it just now.
I just now.
5.She will buy this coat.She will give it to her mother.
This coat is for her mother.sawtheboysplayingfootballtobeboughtbyher高考链接1.To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study in Australia in 2012.(2016·浙江，10)
A.having conducted B.to be conducted
C.conducting D.conducted 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：为了再讨论一下水污染的问题，我想让大家看一项2012年在澳大利亚进行的研究。分析句子成分可知，句中没有连词，所以空处用非谓语动词，且 a study和 conduct 构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。√123456782.In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message
within the work.(2016·江苏，28)
A.to hide B.hidden
C.hiding D.being hidden 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：在艺术评论中，你得假设艺术家藏了一个秘密信息在作品中。句中message与hide之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词作后置定语。√123456783. the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.(2015·安徽，27)
A.Ignore B.Ignoring
C.Ignored D.Having ignored 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：忽视这两个研究结果的不同将是你犯的最严重的错误之一。从will be one of the worst mistakes you make来看，will的前面部分是主语，因此用v.-ing短语作主语。这里表达一般情况，因此不用完成式。√123456784.Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it live is quite another.(2015·浙江，18)
A.perform B.performing
C.to perform D.being performed 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：在家听音乐是一回事，去现场听正在被演奏的音乐完全是另外一回事。题干中含有“hear＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语it(指代music)与perform之间存在被动关系，且此处表示去现场听正在被演奏的音乐，故应用being performed作宾语补足语。√123456785.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career.(2015·陕西，17)
A.to thank B.thanking
C.having thanked D.to have thanked 答案 解析句意为：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖之后，安妮·本尼迪克特继续感谢所有曾经在她的事业中帮助她的人。go on to do sth.继续做另一件事；go on doing sth.继续做同一件事。拿奖后又继续做另一件事，即“感谢所有帮助过她的人”，所以选A。√123456786.Back from his two-year medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother good care of at home.(2015·陕西，18)
A.taking B.taken
C.take D.be taken 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：李博士在非洲进行了两年的医疗服务，回来后看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好，他很高兴。此处是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，因his mother与take good care of之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故选B项。√123456787.There are still many problems before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.(2014·北京，28)
A.solving B.solved
C.being solved D.to be solved 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：在我们准备在月球上长住之前，还有很多问题需要解决。由there are可知设空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰problems，根据时间状语从句before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon可知，动作solve发生在将来，故用不定式结构，而且problems与solve之间存在被动关系，故用不定式的被动结构。√123456788.It’s standard practice for a company like this one a security officer.(2014·山东，9)
A.employed B.being employed
C.to employ D.employs 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的“ a security officer”；再根据句型“It is＋n.＋for sb.to do sth.”，故选to employ。√12345678课件11张PPT。Unit 1 Laughter is good for youStep One 构词助记Step Two 词义助记内容索引Step Three 语境助记Vocabulary BreakthroughStep One 构词助记A组(前缀)
visible adj.→ adj.看不见的；无形的
B组(后缀)
week n.→ adj.每周的；n.周刊；周报
vary v.→ n.(同一事物)不同种类
perform v.→ n.表演；表现
affect v.→ n.喜爱，钟爱
say v.→ n.格言，谚语invisibleweeklyvarietyperformanceaffectionsayingfit adj.→ n.健康；适合
strength n.→ v.增强
foolish adj.→ n.愚蠢
set v.→ n.情节背景；场景
invite v.→ n.邀请
crowd v.→ adj.拥挤的fitnessstrengthenfoolishnesssettinginvitationcrowdedC组(合成)
v.＋n.→ n.相声
n.＋n.→ n.浴缸
n.＋n.→ n.教科书
n.＋n.→ n.扶手椅D组(转化)
v.?n. 锤子；捶打
嚎叫
鞠躬
n.?adj. 最初的crosstalkbathtubtextbookarmchairhammerhowlbowinitialStep Two 词义助记A组 (同义词)
saying n.? n.
health n.? n.
get v.? v.
improve v.? n.&v.
B 组 (反义词)
empty adj.? adj.
positive adj.? adj.
happiness n.? n.C组 (形近词)
precious adj.? adj.先前的，以往的
amaze v.? v.逗乐；(使)娱乐proverbfitnessattainpolishcrowdednegativeangerpreviousamuseStep Three 语境助记1.背诵经典 The performer is standing on the stage performing a stand-up.
规范默写2.背诵经典 The foreigner from some academy is instructing the employee how to use the electric hammer technically.
规范默写 3.背诵经典 The comedian pretended to be tripped over，howling to amuse his audience.
规范默写 4.背诵经典 He has affection for writing and often comes up with new ideas about articles by attaining enough information and then he dashes to tear a piece of paper to write them down.
规范默写 课件53张PPT。Unit 2 What is happiness to you?基础自测 课文预读内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period Four Project基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. adj.美好的；金色的；金的
n.金子
2. n.娱乐；娱乐活动；招待，款待
vt.使有兴趣；款待；怀有
3. n.艰难，困苦
adj.艰难的
4. vi.&n.疼痛
5. adj.清晰的，生动的，鲜明的goldgoldenentertainmententertainhardshiphardachevivid6. vt.预言，预告，预报
n.预言
7. n.工作日
8. adj.& adv.部分时间的(地)；兼职的(地)
9. adj.易使用的；便利的
10. vt.帮助，协助
11. adj.自动的
12. adj.即食的，方便的；立刻的predictpredictionworkdaypart-timehandyassistautomaticinstant13. adj.成熟的
vi.成熟；使充分发展
14. n.动力，动机
vt.启发，激发maturemotivationmotivateⅡ.重点短语
1. 回首(往事)，回忆，回顾
2. 在那时；在那个阶段
3. 匆忙地，急切地
4. 允许某人做某事look back on (sth.)at that pointin a rushallow sb.to do sth.Ⅲ.重点句式1.省略to的不定式作表语 and spend a few hours studying when I came home.
我要做的事就是上学，以及回家后再学习几个小时。2.wish＋宾语从句I wish I still (play) sport because that made me very happy.
我真的希望我还能进行体育活动，因为那让我感到非常愉快。All I had to do was go to schoolcouldplay3.将来完成时No one will be sad because humans to fix many of the problems that affect us now，like war，pollution and hunger.
没有人会感到忧伤，因为到那时人类已经学会解决目前还困扰着我们的许多问题，如战争、环境污染和饥荒。will have learnt课文预读1234Ⅰ.课文阅读理解
1.At the weekends，the writer of Golden days could do the following EXCEPT .
A.seeing friends
B.visiting his grandparents
C.reading books
D.going fishing√ 答案52.When the writer of Golden days was young，he .
A.was often ill
B.could run many kilometres and would feel a little tired
C.could not be happy
D.felt like he could do anything√ 答案123453.In the Golden days the writer’s most vivid and happiest memories are those of .
A.school days B.playing sport
C.seeing friends D.visiting his grandparents√ 答案123454.Why does the writer of My future happiness think her happiest days will be in the future?
A.Because she will be much richer in the future.
B.Because she will have a good husband and a happy family.
C.Because there will be new technology which will allow people to live
longer and be healthier.
D.Because she will be an adult.√ 答案123455.In the writer’s opinion in My future happiness，in the future， .
A.everyone can work part-time jobs that are very interesting
B.we will have robots and computers to do everything for us
C.there will be no housework
D.the workday will be only four hours long a week√ 答案12345Ⅱ.课文阅读填空happiestReasonsguidanceworriedinterestinghungermemberssuccess/achievementeasyrelaxⅢ.阅读课文“My future happiness”，并以约30个词概括最后两段(P31，L18－25)总的段落大意。
The writer thinks happiness lies in the future because she thinks then she can find happiness in being successful at her job and thinking that way motivates her to work hard at present.要点探究重点词汇经典句式
My whole life was still ahead of me.
我的整个生活还都在前面等着我。重点词汇归纳拓展ahead of在……前面；比……先进
ahead of time/schedule时间/计划提前
push ahead向前进，推进
go ahead开始，前进，领先；[口语]可以，做吧(1)He will be ahead of others in English.
他在英语方面将超过别人。
(2)Thanks to your help，we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
幸亏有你们帮忙，我们才提前完成了任务。
(3)The government is pushing ahead with the reform.
政府正坚定地推行这项改革。语境助记(1)The production plan was fulfilled .
A.ahead of times B.before time
C.ahead of time D.time ahead题组训练√ 答案 解析句意为：生产计划提前完成了。ahead of time提前。(2)—Could I use this dictionary?
— .It’s a spare one.(2016·大丰新丰中学高二调研)
A.Just go ahead B.Oh，I’m sorry
C.You’re welcome D.You’d better not√ 答案 解析考查交际用语。句意为：——我能用下这本字典吗？——用吧。这本是备用的。go ahead用吧，做吧，符合句意。at that point在那时；在那个阶段
to the point 中肯，扼要，切题，切中要害
off the point 离题，跑题
There is no point in doing sth.做某事毫无意义。
be on the point of doing sth.when...正要做某事，这时……At that point in my life，I could have done anything or become anyone.
在人生的那个阶段，我本可以做任何事或成为任何人。归纳拓展(1)It was at that point that I saw him leave.
就在那个时候我看见他走了。
(2)His remarks on the subjects are much to the point.
关于这些科目，他的发言切中主题。
(3)She was on the point of going out when the telephone rang.
她正要出去，这时电话铃响了。语境助记题组训练(1)No one listened to his speech，as much of it (离题).was off the point(2) no point in beating around the bush.Let’s .
A.It’s；come straight to the point
B.There’s；come to the point
C.This is；get to the point
D.That is；reach the point√ 答案 解析There is no point in doing sth.做某事没有意义；come to the point开门见山。句意为：拐弯抹角没有意义。让我们开门见山吧。故B正确。
At the weekends，for entertainment I could see friends，visit my grandparents，read books or play sport.
在周末，为寻找乐趣，我可以去见朋友、拜访我的祖父母、看书或者参加体育活动。(1)entertainment n.娱乐活动；娱乐；招待，款待
for entertainment 为了娱乐
to one’s entertainment＝to the entertainment of sb.使某人快乐的是
(2)entertain v.招待；款待；使有兴趣；使快乐
entertain sb.with...用……使某人快乐；用……招待某人
entertain sb.to...宴请/招待某人……
(3)entertaining adj.令人愉快的归纳拓展(1)He fell in the water，much to the entertainment of the children.
他掉进水里，逗得孩子们乐不可支。
(2)Do you think，nowadays，the media has become more commercial and entertaining?
你是否觉得，当下，媒体已变得更为商业化、娱乐化了？语境助记题组训练(1)用entertain的适当形式填空
①When dad lost his job，we had to cut back on expenses.
②This is a surprisingly film.
③I like to friends with music and refreshments(茶点) at home.entertainmententertainingentertain(2)It is said that the early European playing cards were designed for
and education.
A.convenience B.attraction
C.entertainment D.construction√ 答案句意为：据说，早期的欧洲扑克牌是为了娱乐和教育而设计的。convenience方便；attraction吸引；entertainment娱乐；construction建设。 解析
(1)assist v.帮助，协助
assist sb.with/in sth.在某方面帮助某人
assist sb.to do/in doing sth.帮助某人做某事
(2)assistance n.帮助，协助
with the assistance of在……的协助下
(3)assistant n.助手，助理；店员，伙计We will have handy robots and computers to assist us with the things that are boring.
我们将会用便于操作的机器人和电脑帮我们做无聊乏味的事情。归纳拓展(1)She assisted me with my English.
她帮助我学习英语。
(2)We’ll assist you in finding a place to live in.
我们将帮你找个住的地方。语境助记题组训练(1)My daughter has improved her English greatly (在她老师的帮助下).
(2)Never corner an opponent，and always (帮助他挽回面子).with the help/assista-nce of her teacherassist him to save his face/as-sist him in saving his face(3)The young nurse was very nervous when she in her first operation.
A.resisted B.insisted
C.accepted D.assisted√ 答案句意为：当那位年轻护士第一次在手术中做助手时，她非常紧张。resist抵制；insist坚持；accept接受；assist协助。由句意知D项正确。 解析
instant adj.立即的；目前的；即食的；n.瞬间，片刻
in an instant立刻，马上
at that instant当时，那一刻
for an instant片刻，一会儿
instantly/the instant (that)...一……就……(用作连词，引导时间状语从句)Maybe there will even be automatic kitchens to cook instant meals for us.
或许甚至将有自动厨房为我们做即时饭菜。归纳拓展(1)I need an instant reply.
我需要立即的答复。
(2)Not for an instant did I believe he had lied.
我丝毫也不相信他撒过谎。
(3)Much to my surprise，she burst into tears the instant she read the letter.
令我大为惊讶的是，她一读这封信就大哭起来。语境助记题组训练(1)根据汉语提示填空
He stayed at his friend’s (一会儿) and left there ______
(马上). (一……就……) he got home，he closed the door and was lost in thought.for an instantThe instant/Instantlyin aninstant(2)The birds flew away all directions they caught sight of a man coming near.
A.to；the moment B.from；on the instant
C.in；the instant D.toward；at the moment√ 答案句意为：小鸟们一看到有人接近，就向四面八方飞去。in all directions向四面八方；the instant/moment一……就……，故选C。 解析
All I had to do was go to school and spend a few hours studying when I came home.
我要做的事就是上学，以及回家后再学习几个小时。经典句式句中I had to do为定语从句，修饰先行词all；go to school是动词不定式作表语，省略了to。当主语部分含有动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式常省略to。归纳拓展(1)All you need to do is press the button.
你所要做的就是按一下按钮。
(2)What we can do is take immediate action to reduce pollution.
我们能做的是立刻采取行动减少污染。语境助记题组训练(1)每天早晨我所做的第一件事就是进行充分的体育锻炼。
The first thing I do every morning is .
(2)你所要做的就是填写表格。
What you have to do is .
(3)你所能做的是好好学习。
All that you can do is .take plenty of exercisefill in the formstudy hard当堂达标Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.They lack the (动力) to study.
2.It is an washing machine.
3.There will be live (娱乐活动) throughout the day.
4.He gave a description of his life as a fighter pilot.
5.It’s very (便利的) to have a light above your desk.motivationautomaticentertainmentvividhandyⅡ.选词填空
assist...with，at that point，in a rush，ahead of，look back on
6.When I those days，I realized I was desperately unha-ppy.
7.If we had been spotted ，I don’t know what would have happened to us.
8.We asked him to us the design of a new bridge.
9.The shark came and the old man hit it as it shut its jaws.
10.My sister is far me in English.looked back onat that pointassistwithin a rushahead ofⅢ.完成句子
11.He was (正要说些什么) when the ph-one rang.
12.By the time he gets here，I (我将已经做完) all the work.
13.I wish I (不必) go to work today.
14. (玩电脑游戏) is a waste of time.
15.What we must do now is (找到另一个人帮助我们).on the point of saying somethingwill have already finisheddidn’t have toPlaying computer gamesfind another person to help usⅣ.单项填空
16.A thin coil(缕) of smoke rose almost into the sharp，bright sky.(2017·宝应安宜中学高二期中)
A.previously B.unbearable
C.invisibly D.handy 答案 解析句意为：一缕轻烟几乎不见踪迹地升上了耀眼的晴空。previously以前地；unbearable难以忍受的；invisibly看不见地；handy轻便的。由句意可知选C项。√17.When the first e-book appeared in the late 1990s，technology experts
a great future for the digital publishing industry.
A.predicted B.allocated
C.arranged D.imagined 答案 解析句意为：在第一批电子书在二十世纪九十年代问世时，对于其未来，专业科技人员做出了美好的预测。predict预测，预言，符合句意。√18.—I failed again.I wish I harder.
—But you .
A.had worked；haven’t B.worked；don’t
C.had worked；didn’t D.worked；didn’t 答案 解析句意为：——我又失败了。我真该努力学习。——但是你没有。第一空表达与过去事实相反的愿望，所以用过去完成时表虚拟；第二空说明过去的事实，用一般过去时。√19.There is no point in improving public transport unless we can pay for it.
A.advocating B.advocated
C.to advocate D.advocate 答案 解析考查固定句型：There is no point in doing...做……是没有意义的。√20.The main reason for which they cannot learn English well is that they cannot see the importance of it.That is，they lack to do it.(2016·江苏六校高二联考)
A.inspiration B.motivation
C.regulation D.cooperation 答案 解析考查名词辨析。句意为：他们不能学好英语的主要原因是他们不能看到它的重要性。也就是说，他们缺乏学习它的干劲。motivation干劲，动力，积极性，符合句意。inspiration灵感；regulation规则；cooperation协作。√课件95张PPT。Unit 2 What is happiness to you?话题导入 Every time I think of happiness，I should sink into my sweet memo-ries.My fun memories of childhood is one silly thing，a kind trick.
The story begins that our cat gave birth to two babies in a shelf，secretly.We were very happy with a little sadness，because we love cats but we already had got two and mum told us she was looking for someone to adopt the coming baby cats.We were unwilling to send them out，nor were we brave enough to annoy mum by opposing her.So what? We were good teammates and we chose to cover the truth! Luckily we got a very large porch(门廊) that our parents seldom went up there.We kept a shelf there tosupport the kittens.We made them a warm bed with cotton and made sure that the shelf was strong enough to resist wind or rain.We made an agreement to tell mum that from then on we did the cleaning jobs and mention nothing about the kitten things to anyone. However，one day，my mum accidentally visited the porch to do some cleaning and was surprised to find the cat mum with her babies rightly sleeping in a nice shelf! She was so curious and we were so worried.My elder sister had gone to school and we three found nothing to explain but telling mum the truth. Luckily，dad and mum cared our thoughts so much，so we won at last and got the right to take care of our cats.All we learnt in this lesson is that it’s right to help the weak and struggle for the things we love，but we ought to tell the truth.
Now time changed，but love still.Things changed，and memories still.根据上文完成下列各题
1.What is probably the topic of the text?
2.According to Paragraph 2，why were the children a little sad?
3.How did mum find out the truth?
My fun memories of childhood.Because mum wanted to send the coming baby cats to someone else.By accident.基础自测 课文预读内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period One Welcome to the unit & Reading基础自测 1. vt.围绕，环绕
n.环绕物
adj.四周的；环绕的
n.环境；周围的事物
2. n.疼痛，痛苦；折磨
v.遭受；受苦；忍受；变糟
3. n.电视观众；观看者
n.景色；视野；看法
4. adj.青少年的；地位(或职位、级别)低下的Ⅰ.重点单词surroundsurroundingsurroundingssufferingsufferviewerviewjunior5. n.专科医师；专家
adj.专门的；特别的
6. adj.严重的；严厉的，严格的；艰巨的
7. n.感激，感谢；欣赏；理解；(艺术方面的)鉴定，评估
vt.感激；欣赏
8. n.悲伤，悲痛
9. vt.完成，实现
10. adj.感激的，感谢的
11. vi.&vt.(使)适应；改编specialistspecialsevereappreciationappreciatesorrowaccomplishthankfuladapt12. vt.拥护；支持；提倡
13. adj.令人钦佩的，令人羡慕的，值得赞美的
vt.钦佩；仰慕
14. adj.无法忍受的
adj.可忍受的
vt.承受；忍受；承担
15. adj.暂时的；短暂的
16. n.深度；深厚；最深处
adj.深的
adv.深深地advocateadmirableadmireunbearablebearablebeartemporarydepthdeepdeeplyⅡ.重点短语
1. 被……所包围
2. 实现目标
3. 指望/期待/预期某人做某事
4. 远离，和……不在一起；除了
5. 使……高兴/振奋起来
6. 心情好be surrounded bymeet/reach a goalexpect sb.to do sth.apart fromcheer sb.upin good spirits7. 以……为荣
8. 适应
9. 受到……的激励
10. 追求；谋求be proud ofadapt tobe inspired bygo after1.in case引导状语从句Ⅲ.重点句式 Well, some of our viewers don’t know her story，can you tell us a little bit about Sang Lan and who she is?
嗯，或许有些观众还不知道桑兰的故事，您能给我们简单介绍一下桑兰吗？in case she competed in the gymnastics tournament at the New York Goodwill Games，she had been a junior gymnast for eleven years.
到参加“纽约友好运动会”的体操锦标赛时，桑兰已经是一名有着十一年经验的体操小将了。2.by the time引导时间状语从句By the time3.even though引导让步状语从句 her training meant that she had to live apart from her parents，she was happy to devote herself to gymnastics.
尽管参加训练意味着她不能和父母住在一起，她还是乐意奉献于体操事业。In 1998，a small accident during one of her practice vaults at the Goodwill Games her her future happiness.
1998年在“友好运动会”上进行跳马练习时发生的一个小事故，原本可能会使她未来的幸福化为泡影。4.could have donecould have costEven though课文预读Ⅰ.课文判断正(T)误(F)1.Dr Brain studies happiness.( )
2.Sang Lan became a gymnast when she was eleven years old.( )
3.Before her accident，Sang Lan’s best event was the vault.( )
4.Sang Lan broke her legs and will never walk again.( )TFTF1234Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1.What is Dr.Brain?
A.He is a medical doctor. B.He is a gymnast.
C.He is a psychologist. D.He is a journalist.√ 答案52.While Sang Lan was injured and in hospital，the world was amazed by .
A.her serious injury
B.her little age
C.the way she remained cheerful
D.the way she got injured√1234 答案53.In 1998 at the Goodwill Games，Sang Lan was practising vaults when she fell and broke her .
A.hands B.legs
C.neck D.back√1234 答案54.Who visited her when Sang Lan was in hospital?
A.Leonardo DiCaprio.
B.Her teammates.
C.Some other famous people.
D.All of the above.√ 答案123455.How has Sang Lan adapted to her new life?
A.Very well. B.Very badly.
C.Not so well. D.Just so so.√ 答案12345Ⅲ.课文阅读填空healthysurroundedmeetingdevotingelevendeseribeddisabledrebuildadaptingovercome要点探究重点词汇经典句式难句分析(1)surround vt.包围；围绕
surround...with...使……包围……
be surrounded by/with...被……包围
(2)surrounding adj.周围的(仅用于名词前)
(3)surroundings n.(pl.)环境；周围的事物To some，happiness is being surrounded by family and friends.
对一些人来说，幸福就是有家人和朋友陪伴在自己身边。归纳拓展重点词汇(1)They live in a small house, surrounded by all kinds of trees.
他们住在一座小房子里，周围环绕着各种树木。
(2)These children were brought up in happy surroundings.
这些孩子在幸福的氛围中长大。语境助记(1)确保自己身边环绕的是有积极思维的人。(2015·福建)
Make sure the people you are supportive.题组训练surround yourself with(2)When Mr.Brown got off the train，he found himself by his students.
A.surround B.to surround
C.surrounding D.surrounded√ 答案 解析考查find＋宾语＋宾语补足语。Mr.Brown和surround之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。
To those who have been injured or struggle with a physical disability，happiness can simply mean a day without suffering，or just being alive.
对于那些受伤或者身患残疾的人来说，幸福或许仅仅意味着过一天没有痛苦的生活，或者仅仅是活着而已。(1)suffering n.痛苦，疼痛；折磨
(2)suffer v.遭受，经受；患……病
suffer pain/loss/defeat/punishment/hardship 遭受痛苦/损失/失败/惩罚/艰难
suffer from 受……折磨，受……之苦；患……疾病归纳拓展(1)The heavy rain made his business suffer a great loss.
大雨使他的生意遭受巨大的损失。
(2)My grandmother is over 90 years old, suffering from loss of memory.
我的外婆90多岁了，患有记忆力衰退症。语境助记题组训练(1)With more forests being destroyed，humans have to
(承受很多痛苦) what they have done.suffer a lot from(2)The country has too many wars since 2010，making his people
a lot.
A.got through；pay
B.looked through；face
C.gone through；suffer
D.passed through；destroy√ 答案句意为：这个国家自从2010年以来经历了许多战争，使得人民遭受了许多痛苦。go through经历；suffer受罪，遭罪。 解析
By the time she competed in the gymnastics tournament at the New York Goodwill Games，she had been a junior gymnast for eleven years.
到参加“纽约友好运动会”的体操锦标赛时，桑兰已经是一名有着十一年经验的体操小将了。(1)junior adj.青少年的；地位(或职位、级别)低下的；n.职位较低者
be junior to比……年少；比……地位低归纳拓展(2)senior adj.高级的；年长的；地位较高的；n.上司，较年长者
be senior to比……年长；比……地位高(1)He is junior to me by 2 years.
他比我小两岁。
(2)Tom is two years my daughter’s junior.
Tom比我女儿小两岁。语境助记题组训练(1)句型转换
His girlfriend is his junior by four years.
His girlfriend is him four years.
His girlfriend is four years .
His girlfriend is four years him.juniortobyhisjuniorjuniorto(2)He is me in position in the company，but he is always so modest.
A.junior than B.senior than
C.junior to D.senior to√ 答案 解析句意为：在公司里，他虽然职位比我高，但是总是那么谦虚。be senior to sb.地位比某人高，符合题意。
apart from意为“远离，和……不在一起；除了”，后跟名词或动名词。作“除……之外”讲时，既可以与but，except，except for互换，也可与besides，in addition to等互换使用。Even though her training meant that she had to live apart from her parents，she was happy to devote herself to gymnastics.尽管参加训练意味着她不能和父母住在一起，她还是乐意奉献于体操事业。归纳拓展(1)The robber seems to be hiding himself in a mountain village apart from the city.
抢劫犯似乎躲在一个远离城市的村庄里。
(2)Apart from school work，I spend my spare time in singing and dancing.
除了学校功课之外，空闲时我喜欢唱歌和跳舞。语境助记题组训练(1)看到他们吵得那么厉害，我只好把她从他身边拉开。
Seeing them quarrelling so bitterly，I had to pull her him.
(2)除了吓了一跳以外，他没受伤。
a fright，he was uninjured.apart fromApart from/Except for(3)Our goal is to make higher education available to anyone who is capable their family background and financial situation. (2017·东海石榴高中高二检测)
A.apart from B.regardless of
C.but for D.thanks to√ 答案 解析句意为：我们的目标是使有能力的人获得更好的教育，不管他们的家庭背景和经济状况如何。apart from除了；regardless of 无论，不管；but for要不是因为；thanks to 多亏了。由句意可知选B项。
...all said she was in good spirits.
……大家都说她精神状态很好。in good spirits心情好，精神状态饱满
in high spirits情绪高
in low/poor spirits情绪低落
raise sb.’s spirits振作某人的精神，鼓舞某人的情绪归纳拓展(1)The army was in good spirits despite the uncomfortable conditions.
尽管处于不适的情况，军队依然士气高涨。
(2)The bad weather did nothing to raise her spirits.
坏天气无益于她振作精神。语境助记题组训练(1)Though tired，he is always (心情好).
(2)He is kept (情绪低落) because of the failure.in good spiritsin low/poor spirits
(1)appreciation n.欣赏；感激，感谢；理解；(艺术方面的)鉴定，评估
(2)appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到
appreciate (one’s) doing...感激(某人)做……
I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激。 Sang Lan knew that for many people the secret to happiness is to have appreciation for the good things in life，and to focus on goals.桑兰知道对于很多人来说幸福就是感激生命中的美好事物并且专注于目标。归纳拓展(1)To show our appreciation for all your hard work，we’d like to give you a present.
为了对你辛勤的工作表示感谢，我们要给你一个礼物。
(2)I would appreciate it if you would turn the music down.
如果你把音乐关小一些，我将不胜感激。语境助记题组训练(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空
①I don’t appreciate (treat) like a second--class citizen.
②He expressed his (appreciate) for what she had done.being treatedappreciation(2)As I am not feeling well，I really appreciate to take my place.
A.him offer B.for him to offer
C.his offering D.him to offer√appreciate (one’s) doing sth.感激(某人)做某事。句意为：因为我感觉不舒服，我真的很感谢他代替我。 答案 解析
(1)adapt v.(使)适应；改编
adapt (oneself) to...使(自己)适应……
adapt...for...使……适用于……；把……改编成……
(2)adaptation n.改编；改编成的作品；适应；适应性And how has Sang Lan adapted to her new life?
那么桑兰是怎样适应新生活的呢？归纳拓展(1)Can you adapt to this new job?
你能适应这项新的工作吗？
(2)It’s hard to adapt this novel for children.
要将这部小说改编为适合小孩阅读很困难。
(3)He made a quick adaptation to the new environment.
他很快适应了新的环境。语境助记题组训练(1)你怎能想象我适应学校生活有多么困难？
How can you imagine the difficulty I had ?
(2)你可以把这部小说改编成一部电影。
You can .adapting to the school lifeadapt the novel for a film(3)Finally I her idea.That is to say，I should myself to the new life here at first.
A.adopted；adapt B.adapted；adopt
C.adopted；adopt D.adapted；adapt√ 答案 解析adapt适应；adopt采纳，采用。第一个空表示“采纳建议”；第二个空表示“使自己适应新的生活”。故选A。advocate vt.拥护；支持；提倡；n.拥护者；提倡者
advocate doing...主张/提倡做……
an advocate for...……的倡导者However，her primary goal is to advocate better treatment for disabled people.
但是，她最根本的目标就是提倡为残疾人提供更好的治疗。归纳拓展(1)The public advocate improving public transport.
公众提倡改善公交系统。
(2)She works as an advocate for women’s sports.
她是女子体育运动的提倡者。语境助记题组训练(1)He tried his best (倡导政治改革).to advocate political reforms(2)In the questionnaire，the subjects are questioned whether they ______
banning cars in the city center.
A.agree B.comment
C.advocate D.conduct√ 答案 解析句意为：在问卷中，受访者被询问是否支持禁止车辆在市中心行驶这一主张。agree同意；comment评论；advocate提倡，主张；conduct执行，实施。advocate doing sth.提倡做某事，故选C。
(1)admirable adj.令人钦佩的，令人羡慕的，值得赞美的
(2)admire v.钦佩；仰慕；欣赏
admire sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而钦佩某人I think her courage is admirable.
我认为她的勇气是令人钦佩的。归纳拓展(1)He is a man of great determination，which is admirable.
他是个很有决心的人，这是令人钦佩的。
(2)He is admired for his good knowledge of French.
他因精通法语而受到推崇。语境助记题组训练(1)用admire的适当形式填空
①He stopped among the hills， the view.
②Her dedication to her work was .
(2)我不同意她的意见，但是我赞赏她恪守原则。
I don’t agree with her，but I her principles.admiringadmirableadmire her for sticking to
go after 追求，追赶；谋求
go against反对；违反
go by (时间)过去
go in for从事；爱好
go through检查；用完；经历；通过Some people advocate going after pleasure in order to find happiness.
为了寻找幸福有些人提倡追求享乐。归纳拓展(1)We’re both going after the same job.
我们俩都在谋求同一份工作。
(2)He was disappointed that his plan did not go through.
他对他的计划没有通过感到很失望。语境助记题组训练(1)选词填空
go after，go by，go against，go through
①The early pioneers had to many difficulties to settle down on the new land.
②He is that pretty girl.
③As time ，they realized the importance of the project.
④It my principles to tell lies.go throughgoing afterwent bygoes against(2)I don’t rock’n’roll.It’s much too noisy for my taste.
A.go after B.go away with
C.go into D.go in for√ 答案 解析句意为：我不喜欢摇滚，它对我来说太吵了。go after追求；go away with携带……逃走；go into调查，研究；go in for喜欢。
Well，in case some of our viewers don’t know her story，can you tell us a little bit about Sang Lan and who she is？嗯，或许我们有些观众还不知道桑兰的故事，您能为我们简单介绍一下吗？经典句式归纳拓展in case 以防，以免，引导目的状语从句；in case还可引导条件状语从句，意为“如果，万一”。
in case of...假使……，万一……
in any case 无论如何，总之in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话，在这种/那种情况下
in no case 决不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装)
as is often the case 这是常有的事
注意：in case可单独使用，也可后接句子，跟句子时，从句中可用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用(should) do。(1)You probably won’t need to call—but take my telephone number，just in case.
你很可能无需打电话——不过还是记下我的电话号码吧，以防万一。
(2)Please inform me in advance in case of any change.
万一有任何变动请提前通知我。
(3)There is no point complaining now—we’re leaving tomorrow in any case.
现在抱怨毫无意义，不管怎样我们明天都要离开了。语境助记题组训练(1)以防下雨请带一件雨衣。
Take a raincoat .
(2)你决不能放弃学习英语。
In no case learning English.
(3)他上课迟到了，这对他来说是常有的事。
，he was late for class.in case it rains/(should) rainshould you give upAs is often the case with him(4)My parents live in a small village.They always keep candles in the house there is a power cut-off.
A.if B.unless
C.in case D.so that 答案 解析in case以防，引导目的状语从句。句意为：我父母生活在一个小村庄。他们总在屋子里放些蜡烛，以防停电。√
By the time she competed in the gymnastics tournament at the New York Goodwill Games，she had been a junior gymnast for eleven years.
到参加“纽约友好运动会”的体操锦标赛时，桑兰已经是一名有着十一年经验的体操小将了。“by＋时间状语”的三种常见形式：by the end of.../by the time＋从句/by＋时间名词，常与完成时连用。
(1)by＋表示现在的时间，主句常用现在完成时。
(2)by＋表示过去的时间，主句常用过去完成时。
(3)by＋表示将来的时间，主句常用一般将来时或将来完成时。归纳拓展(1)We had learned all the songs by the end of last month.
到上月底，我们已学会了所有这些歌曲。
(2)I’m afraid that by the time I hurry to the railway station，the train will have left.
恐怕等我匆匆忙忙赶到火车站时，火车已经开走了。语境助记(1)By the time Jack returned home from England，his son from college.
A.graduated B.has graduated
C.had been graduating D.had graduated 答案 解析句意为：当杰克从英国回家的时候，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。return所表示的动作发生在过去，graduate所表示的动作发生在他回家之前，是“过去的过去”，所以用过去完成时。√题组训练(2)I will the work by the time he back.
A.finish；comes B.finish；has come
C.finish；will come D.have finished；comes 答案 解析by the time引导的从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，而主句则用完成时态。句意为：到他回来时，我会完成这项工作的。√
Even though her training meant that she had to live apart from her parents，she was happy to devote herself to gymnastics.尽管参加训练意味着她不能和父母住在一起，她还是乐意奉献于体操事业。(1)even though即使，虽然，在此引导让步状语从句。
(2)even though与even if可以互换，但even if更强调假定性。引导让步状语从句的引导词还有：although，though，no matter＋疑问词，whenever，wherever，however等。as也可以引导让步状语从句，但要把其表语、谓语动词原形、宾语前置，且前置的单数名词不可以用冠词。归纳拓展(1)We must not let up，even though we are winning.
我们即使快赢了也决不可松劲。
(2)Whatever you do，do it well.
不管你做什么，把它做好。
(3)Girl as/though she is，she can go alone in the evening.
尽管她是个女孩，她敢一个人走夜路。语境助记题组训练(1)——看那些乌云！
——别担心，即使下雨我们也会玩得很高兴。
—Look at those clouds!
—Don’t worry. ，we’ll still have a great time.
(2)即使很忙，我也会和你一起去。
I will go with you .Even if it rainseven if/though I am very busy(3)The engineers are so busy that they have no time for outdoor sports activities， they have the interest.
A.wherever B.whenever
C.even though D.as if 答案 解析句意为：工程师们如此忙碌，以至于他们没有时间进行户外体育运动，即使他们有这种兴趣。even though即使，符合句意。√
In 1998，a small accident during one of her practice vaults at the Goodwill Games could have cost her her future happiness.1998年在“友好运动会”上进行跳马练习时发生的一个小事故，原本可能会使她未来的幸福化为泡影。(1)could have done表示“本来能够……而没有……”，也可表示对过去事情的推测。但是could have done作“本来能够……而没有……”讲时，could不可用can替换；表推测时，could可与can互换，但can通常用于否定句和疑问句中(could无此限制)。
(2)can’t/couldn’t have done表示对过去的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。归纳拓展(1)You lack self-confidence.You could have solved the problem.
你缺乏自信，你本能够解决这个问题的。
(2)The windows look so dirty.You can’t/couldn’t have cleaned them.
窗户看起来如此脏，你肯定没擦过。语境助记题组训练(1)约翰很聪明。他本来能够通过昨天的考试的。
John is very clever.He yesterday’s examination.
(2)别担心，他们很可能只是忘记打电话了。
Don’t worry.They just to call.could have passedcould haveforgotten(3)—We the game.You spoiled the chance by missing the ball!
—I’m terribly sorry!
A.could win B.would win
C.must have won D.could have won 答案 解析句意为：——我们本来能够赢得比赛的。你错过了那个球，浪费了机会。——我非常抱歉。根据语境判断说话人已经比赛失利，表示“本来能够赢得比赛”，只能用could have done。√
When the doctors told her that she would never again be a gymnast，she was able to overcome her sorrow by being proud of the things she had accomplished.难句分析句式分析：这是复合句。句首是when引导的 从句，该从句中还有that引导的 从句。主句中she had accomplished为 从句，修饰先行词 。注意主句中的谓语部分用的是was able to overcome，表示过去特定场合下的能力， 用could表示。时间状语宾语定语things不能自主翻译：___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ 当医生告诉她她再也不能做体操运动员时，她能够以为自己业已取得的成绩感到骄傲和自豪这种方式而战胜悲痛。当堂达标Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I can’t figure out the (深度) of the lake near our city.
2.The bad living conditions here were ，so he decided to leave.
3.This is a (暂时的) living house because they don’t have enough money to buy a new apartment.
4.The little girl is to my younger sister by three years.
5.The (严重的) drought in our country lasted over four months last year. depthunbearabletemporaryjuniorsevere6.He doesn’t think he can himself to the hot climate.
7.He drowned his (悲伤) in drink.
8.She has an (欣赏) of art and music.adaptsorrowappreciationⅡ.选词填空
apart from，cheer...up，in good spirits，focus on，adapt to
9.It’s very important to have such a friend who will you when you are in a bad mood.
10.The exercise in this unit past and future tenses.
11.We should be concerned with those students who live their parents.
12.I’m afraid he can’t the idea of having a woman as his boss.
13.Their letters of support made me all day long.cheerupfocuses onapart fromadapt toin good spiritsⅢ.完成句子
14.当房子的主人回来时，大火已被扑灭。
By the time the owner of the house returned， .
15.你本来可以免费进入的，但你却买了票。
You free，but you bought a ticket.
16.即使天气不好，我们也要作一次旅行。
We’ll make a trip .the fire had been put outcould have enteredeven if/though the weather is bad17.他们严密监视他，以防他逃跑。
They watched him closely .
18.这个人的粗鲁行为让他付出了失业的代价。
The man’s rude behavior .in case he (should) escape/escapedcost him his jobⅣ.单项填空
19.George too far. His coffee is still warm. (2016·浙江，17)
A.must have gone B.might have gone
C.can’t have gone D.needn’t have gone 答案 解析句意为：乔治不可能走得太远了。他的咖啡仍然是温的。can’t have done是对过去的否定推测，符合句意。must have done过去一定做了某事；might have done过去可能做了某事；needn’t have done过去本不必做某事。故选C。√20. several parking tickets，the driver was also fined for speeding on the highway，which is likely to contribute to his driving license being cancelled.
A.In terms of B.In spite of
C.Far from D.Apart from 答案 解析句意为：除了几张违规停车罚单之外，那个司机还因在公路上超速驾驶被罚款，这很可能导致他的驾照被吊销。apart from除……以外，符合句意。in terms of在……方面，就……而言；in spite of尽管，不顾；far from远非……。√21.When I talked with my grandma on the phone，she sounded weak，but by the time we up，her voice had been full of life.(2017·宝应安宜高中高二期中)
A.hung B.had hung
C.were hanging D.would hang 答案 解析句意为：我和奶奶在电话中交谈，她的声音很弱，但是到我们挂电话之前，她的声音又充满活力了。by the time引导的时间状语从句中，常以一般过去时代替过去完成时。√22. yourself with positive people，and you will keep focused on what you can do instead of what you can’t. (2017·盐城射阳二中高二期中)
A.Surround B.Surrounding
C.Surrounded D.Have surrounded 答案 解析句意为：和积极的人为伍，你会集中于你能做好的事情而不是不能做的事情。surround包围，此处是“祈使句＋and ＋陈述句”结构，故用其动词原形。√23.When I came back home，I wrote him a letter to show my of his thoughtfulness.(2017·清江中学高二期中)
A.appreciation B.agreement
C.attention D.achievement 答案 解析句意为：回到家时，我写了封信表达我对他的体贴的感谢。appreciation感谢；agreement同意；attention注意；achievement成就。由句意可知选A项。√课件57张PPT。Unit 2 What is happiness to you?基础自测 内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period Three Task写作专题基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. vt.&vi.服从，听从，顺从
2. adj.优秀的，杰出的，出色的
3. n.天资，天赋；天才
4. vt.分配
n.分配
5. adj.足够的；合乎需要的obeyoutstandingtalentallocateallocationadequate6. vt.& vi.停止；放弃；离开
7. adj.无把握的，不确定的
(反义词) adj.有把握的，确定的
adv.确定地，当然地quituncertaincertaincertainlyⅡ.重点短语
1. 陷入……之中；为……所困扰
2. 集中于……
3. 有做某事的天赋
4. 安排做某事
5. 从事，进行
6. 信任
7. 想要做某事
8. 厌倦be/feel caught (between/in)focus onhave the talent to do sth.arrange to do sth.work onbelieve infeel like doing sth.be tired ofⅢ.重点句式1.what引导名词性从句I’m an outstanding player，and running around on the basketball court is .
我是一个杰出的运动员，在篮球场上奔跑是使我高兴的事情。2.whichever引导让步状语从句 ，I’ll never be really good at anything unless I quit doing everything else.
不管我以什么方式看待这件事，除非我放弃做别的一切事，要不然我真的什么也做不好。what makes me happyWhichever way I look at it3. have problems (in) doing sth.Many people have problems (find) enough time to study.
很多人很难找到足够的时间来学习。finding要点探究重点词汇经典句式The coach thinks I have the talent to become a real star.
教练认为我有成为明星的天赋。重点词汇(1)talent n.天资；天赋；天才
have a talent for...有……的天赋
have the talent to do sth.有做某事的天赋
show a talent for...表现出……的才能
(2)talented adj.有才能的；聪明的归纳拓展(1)He had a talent for getting what he wanted.
他很有天赋，能够心想事成。
(2)My brother showed a talent for music when he was very young.
我哥哥在很小的时候就表现出音乐天赋。
(3)As far as I’m concerned，the young man is a talented actor.
在我看来，这个年轻人是个有天赋的演员。语境助记(1)The boss said that the young man (确实是很有天赋的).题组训练was really talented(2)My coach says that I have a special talent sport，and that it would be wrong not to use it.
A.of B.for
C.from D.off√ 答案 解析句意为：我的教练说我有特殊的运动天赋，不用是错误的。have a talent for...有……的天赋。
feel like doing sth.想(要)做某事
feel like＋n./pron.觉得想做……；觉得好像……
feel like＋宾语从句 觉得，感觉……
would like sth.想要某物
would like to do sth.想要做某事It feels like allocating adequate time for each is just not practical.
感觉好像要在各项事情上合理分配时间简直是不切实际的。归纳拓展1(1)Do you feel like going to a movie？你想看电影吗？
(2)I feel like a rest after the long journey.
长途旅行后我想休息一下。
(3)When I was young，I felt like I could do anything.
年轻时，我觉得我能做任何事。语境助记1题组训练1(1)It’s quite hot today.Do you feel like for a swim？(2014·陕西，12)
A.to go B.going
C.go D.having gone√ 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：今天很热。你想去游泳吗？feel like想要，后面接名词、代词或动名词。feel like doing sth.表示“想要做某事”。D项having gone表示动作已完成，不符合语境。(2)—I to go for a walk.
—But I going shopping.
A.would like；feel like
B.feel like；feel like
C.feel like；would like
D.would like；would like√ 答案 解析would like to do sth.想要做某事；feel like doing sth.想要做某事。adequate adj.足够的；胜任的；适当的
be adequate to...胜任……
be adequate for...对……是足够的；适合……
be adequate to do sth.足够做某事归纳拓展2(1)I don’t know whether the girl is adequate to the job.
我不知道这个女孩能否胜任这个工作。
(2)His wages are adequate to support the whole family.
他的工资足够养活全家人。语境助记2题组训练2(1)The space available (不能满足我们的需求).
(2)The young man is so impatient that he (不能胜任这个工作).is not adequate for our needsis not adequate to the job(3)The patients should be taken special care of，as they are to the sudden change of climate.(2017·东海中学高二检测)
A.adequate B.anxious
C.sensitive D.desperate√ 答案 解析句意为：这些病人应该得到特殊照顾，因为他们对气候的突然变化很是敏感。adequate足够的；anxious着急的；sensitive敏感的；desperate绝望的。由句意可知选C项。
Whichever way I look at it，I’ll never be really good at anything unless I quit doing everything else.
不管我以什么方式看待这件事，除非我放弃做别的一切事，要不然我真的什么也做不好。quit(quit/quitted，quit/quitted) v.停止；放弃；离开
quit school退学
quit office离职
quit doing sth.放弃做某事归纳拓展(1)He quit the show last year because of bad health.
去年他因身体欠佳而退出了表演。
(2)He quit Paris after a week.他一周后离开了巴黎。语境助记题组训练(1)我希望你们都别抱怨了。
I wish you would all .
(2)我们决定是时候离开这座城市了。
We decided it was time .quit complainingto quit the city(3) Though the man is ill，he has not quit .
A.smoke B.to smoke
C.smoked D.smoking√ 答案 解析句意为：虽然这个人生病了，但是他还是没有戒烟。quit doing sth.停止做某事。
I’m really tired of feeling worried about this and being sad.
我真的厌烦了为此担忧不已并一直闷闷不乐。(1)be tired of对……感到厌倦
be tired from/with因……而疲倦
be tired out累坏了
(2)tire sb.out使某人筋疲力尽归纳拓展(1)She was tired of watching television.
她看电视看得厌倦了。
(2)I’m tired from/with doing homework.
我做作业做得很累。
(3)I was tired out，so I took the day off.
我太累了，就请了一天假。语境助记题组训练(1)她厌倦了她的工作，所以她决定换份新工作。
She her job，so she decided to change a new one.was tired of(2)I’m not tired a shop-assistant job，but I am really tired
standing all day long.
A.of；from B.of；of
C.from；of D.from；from√ 答案 解析be tired of对……感到厌烦；be tired from因……而疲劳。经典句式
I’m an outstanding player，and running around on the basketball court is what makes me happy.
我是个杰出的运动员，在篮球场上奔跑是使我高兴的事情。what在本句中引导表语从句，它还可以引导主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。what在这些从句中充当一定的句子成分，例如主语、宾语或者表语等。它有五种基本含义：
(1)……的东西或事情归纳拓展(2)……的人或样子
(3)……的数量或数目
(4)……的时间
(5)……的地方(1)What made her angry was that her husband drank too much.
让她生气的事情是她丈夫酗酒。
(2)He is no longer what he used to be.
他不是以前的样子了。
(3)At last they reached what was called “New Town”.
最后他们到达了叫做“新镇”的地方。
注意：that也可以引导名词性从句，但是that在从句中只起连接作用，不作成分。语境助记题组训练(1)Our income is now double (十年前的).
(2)After (似乎过了几小时) he came out with a smile.what it was ten years agowhat seemed like hours(3)After months of voyage，Columbus arrived in later proved to be a new continent.
A.where B.which
C.what D.that 答案 解析因为在介词in 后面，应该用what引导宾语从句，且what在从句中作主语。而that在名词性从句中不作成分。√当堂达标Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The problem here is how to the money carefully.
2.Our fuel supply is to heat the house this winter.
3.It was when Lu Xun was eleven years old that his for writing became obvious.
4.The boss praised me for my (出色的) performance.
5.Sometimes (放弃) what you can not get is able to let you feel content.allocateadequatetalentoutstandingquittingⅡ.选词填空
believe in，be tired of，feel caught in，focus on，work on
6.My parents are always arguing，and I the middle.
7.They need a leader they can .
8.I eating the same food day after day.
9.The noise made it hard for me my studying.
10.She is a new dictionary.feel caught inbelieve inam tired ofto focus onworking onⅢ.完成句子
11.无论从哪一方面看，这个局面都很尴尬。
The situation is an awkward one， .
12.你到这儿来遇到困难了吗？
Did you ?
13.我们都知道的是水不是一种用之不竭的资源。
is that water is not an endless resource.whichever way you look at ithave any problems getting hereWhat is known to us all14.不努力工作，你就会失败。
You will fail .
15.我不确定他来还是不来。
I’m he will come.unless you work hard/if you don’t work harduncertain whetherⅣ.单项填空
16. My brother between furthering his education and finding a good job.(2017·邗江中学高二期中)
A.felt caught B.felt blocking
C.felt confusing D.felt struck 答案 解析句意为：我哥哥在继续深造还是找一份好工作之间很难抉择。feel caught between为……所困。√17. Now my hometown is not at all a traveler who visited it ten years ago can expect.(2017·无锡江阴四校高二期中)
A.that B.where
C.which D.what 答案 解析句意为：现在我的家乡不再是十年前参观它的游客能想象的样子了。设空处引导表语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，故用what引导。√18.A man can fail many times，but he isn’t a failure he begins to blame somebody else.
A.unless B.while
C.because D.once 答案 解析考查状语从句。句意为：一个人可以失败很多次，但是如果他不开始责怪别人，他就不是一个失败者。unless除非，如果不，引导条件状语从句。√19.They complained that the money was not for the trip.
A.equal B.adequate
C.fit D.suitable 答案 解析句意为：他们抱怨说，这些钱不够旅行用的。equal相等的；adequate足够的；fit合适的；suitable合适的。√20.The company decided to take on some people who were very and responsible.
A.casual B.talented
C.weak D.impatient 答案 解析句意为：这个公司决定招收一些有才华和负责任的人。casual随意的；talented有天赋的；weak弱的；impatient不耐烦的；没耐心的。√写作专题——Writing an article写作指导常用表达典题示例写作指导本单元讲问题解决类作文。此类作文往往就某事提出自己的建议或解决方法。有可能是写给个人，就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和观点，也可能是写给某个组织或机构，就其问题或某些社会现象等提出建议及解决措施。
其基本结构为：
正文一般采用“三段式结构”。
首段：针对对方对自己的信任简单表示感谢，或直接陈述事由，表明写作意图。主体段：首先肯定对方的优点，然后再委婉分析存在的问题，并提出解决的建议。表达时应语言得体。
尾段：强调解决问题的根本方法或提出倡议。常用表达1.To get rid of...，I suggest you...
2.It’s very important for you to do...
3.You should develop positive attitudes towards life and take an active part in communicating with others.
4.You should stop buying unnecessary because no wasting is saving.
5.Faced with/Facing the problem，I think we should...
6.Something should be done to help you to achieve your aims.典题示例假定你是李华。在一个英文网络论坛上，你看到一个叫Grown-up的中学生发帖(post)寻求帮助。请根据帖子内容、写作要点和要求回帖。写作要点：
1.告诉Grown-up要理解母亲；
2.给Grown-up提出解决问题的具体建议。
要求：
1.词数150左右；
2.内容充实，结构完整，语义连贯；
3.书写须清晰、工整。Step One 审题谋篇
1.时态：一般现在时为主，少数句子中会用到现在进行时和情态动词。
2.人称：以第二人称为主，必要时也会用到第一人称和第三人称。
3.目的：给Grown-up提出对待母亲的建议。写作步骤Step Two 联想词汇
1.在青少年当中 __________________
2.伤害某人的感情 ________________
3.几条建议 _______________
4.对待……的态度 ___________________
5.做好自己的事情 _____________________among the teenagershurt one’s feelinga few suggestionsattitudes to/towards...do one’s own things wellStep Three 句式升级
1.你面临一个麻烦，这个麻烦在青少年当中很常见。
You .It is very common among the teenagers.(简单句)
The problem is common among the teenagers.
(定语从句)are facing a problemthat/which you are facing2.我建议你们可以进行交心的谈话以使你们更好地理解彼此。
I advise that you have a heart-to-heart talk .(不定式作定语)
I advise that you have a heart-to-heart talk，
. (定语从句)to help you understandeach other betterwhich will help youunderstand each other better3.其次，你应该学着把自己的事情做好，向妈妈证明你是个大人了。
Second，you should learn to do your own things well that you are already a “grown-up”.(and连接的并列句)
Second，you should learn to do your own things well， that you are already a “grown-up”.(现在分词短语作状语)and prove toyour momproving toyour momStep Four 连句成篇
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________Hi，Grown-up，
As a student of your age，I understand your situation.The problem you are facing is common among the teenagers.However，it should be wise not to do anything that may hurt your mother’s feeling.Here are a few suggestions.
First，I advise that you have a heart-to-heart talk，which will help you understand each other better.There are also opportunities to let her________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________know your ideas and attitudes towards many things.Second，you should learn to do your own things well，proving to your mom that you are already a “grown-up”.It’s even better if you can share more of the housework，such as cleaning，washing and cooking.
Hope my ideas will work.课件61张PPT。Unit 2 What is happiness to you?基础自测 内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage语法专题基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. vi.滑雪
n.滑雪板
2. vt.陪伴，陪同；伴随；为……伴奏
n.伙伴
v.陪伴
n.公司skiaccompanycompanioncompany3. n.教练；导师
vt.指导；讲授；命令
n.用法说明；指示；教导；指令，指示
4. n.步骤，程序
5. adv.径直地；直接地
v.导演；指示
adj.直接的；径直的instructorinstructinstructionproceduredirectlydirectⅡ.重点短语
1. 渴望做某事
2. 花费时间做某事
3. 在公共场合
4. 独自，单独；独立地
5. 朝……方向(地方)行进，前往
6. 使某人欣慰的是be eager to do sth.spend some time (in) doing sth.in publicon one’s ownhead forto one’s reliefⅢ.重点句式1.独立主格结构I have received letters from so many people, all (express) their concern.
我收到了那么多人的来信，所有人都表达了他们的关心。expressing2.It is/was...that... with great sadness they learnt of the man’s death.
他们得知那个人的死讯后非常悲痛。It wasthat3.since引导原因状语从句Since she thought that she knew how to ski well，she decided to practi-se on her own.
由于她认为自己知道怎样滑雪，所以她决定自己练习。要点探究重点词汇经典句式(1)accompany vt.陪伴，陪同；伴随；为……伴奏
accompany sb.to sp.陪某人到某地
accompany...at/on...用……为……伴奏
(2)keep sb.company陪伴某人
She was accompanied by an experienced ski instructor and she learnt very quickly.
她由一位经验丰富的滑雪教练陪同，而且学得很快。归纳拓展重点词汇(1)Thunder usually accompanies lightning.
雷声常常伴随着闪电。
(2)She accompanied her friend to the concert.
她陪朋友去听音乐会。语境助记(1)玛丽唱歌，我弹钢琴为她伴奏。
Mary sang and I her the piano.
(2)她的邻居经常在晚上给她做伴。
Her neighbours often in the evenings.题组训练accompaniedkeep her companyon/at(3)Children，when by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.(2014·湖南，21)
A.to be accompanied B.to accompany
C.accompanying D.accompanied√ 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：孩子们在父母的陪同下才被允许进入该体育馆。因为children和accompany之间是被动关系，所以应该使用过去分词accompanied。
on one’s own独自，单独；独立地
of one’s own属于某人自己的
come into one’s own得到自己应得的东西Since she thought that she knew how to ski well，she decided to practise on her own.
由于她认为自己知道怎样滑雪，所以她决定自己练习。归纳拓展(1)I was able to finish the job on my own.
我能独自地把工作做完。
(2)These college professors had opinions of their own.
这些大学教授们有自己的见解。语境助记题组训练(1)句型转换
Xiaoli is a newcomer in Shanghai，struggling for life by himself.
Xiaoli is a newcomer in Shanghai，struggling for life .
(2)他最近学习十分努力，终于在考试中取得了好成绩。
He studies hard recently and finally good grades .onhis owncome into his own(3)He has a house his own and lives in it his own.
A.in；of B.of；on
C.of；in D.by；on√ 答案 解析句意为：他有一套自己的房子，他独自住在里面。of one’s own自己的；on one’s own独自，独立地。
(1)directly adv.径直地；直接地；conj.一……就……
(2)direction n.方向；方位；管理；指导；说明；操作指南
in/from the direction of朝着/来自……方向
in all directions＝in every direction向四面八方
under one’s direction＝under the direction of sb.在某人的指导下
(3)direct v.导演；指示；指挥；adj.径直的；直接的；直的
direct sb.to do...指示某人做……As soon as they arrived at the hospital，they headed directly for the doctor’s office.
他们一到医院便径直走向医生的办公室。 归纳拓展(1)He drove her directly to her hotel.
他驾车直接把她送到了她下榻的旅馆。
(2)He directed us how to put out the fire.
他指导我们如何灭火。语境助记题组训练(1)用direct的适当形式填空
①I turned around and saw Jane was sitting behind me.
②He drove off in the of Larry’s shop.
③I came I heard what had happened.directlydirectiondirectly(2)— I remind you of is to return the book to our English teacher.
—I will give it to him I see him.
A.That；immediately B.What；directly
C.What；while D.Whether；once√ 答案 解析句意为：——我要提醒你的是把书还给我们的英语老师。——我一看见他就会给他。第一空用what引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语，排除A、D两项；第二空immediately和directly都可以作连词，表示“一……就……”，while当……时候，表示一段时间。选B。I have received letters from so many people, all expressing their concern.
我收到了那么多人的来信，所有人都表达了他们的关心。经典句式all expressing their concern是独立主格结构，在句中作状语。这种结构的功能相当于分词或分词短语作状语，分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，而独立主格结构中doing/done的逻辑主语是它前面的名词或代词。该句中因为all与后面的非谓语动词是主动的逻辑关系，用“名词/代词＋doing”结构；如果是被动关系，则用“名词/代词＋done”结构；如果表示将来的动作，则用“名词/代词＋to do/to be done”结构。归纳拓展(1) Time permitting，we will go to the park.
如果时间允许，我们就去公园。
(2)All things taken into account，her performance is satisfactory.
把所有因素都考虑在内，她的表演是令人满意的。
(3)The task to complete tomorrow，I couldn’t surf the Internet tonight.
明天要完成任务，我今晚不能上网了。语境助记题组训练(1) (做完了所有工作)，the young man went home.
(2) (要回两封电子邮件)，she had to stay in the office and waited.All the work finishedTwo e-mails to answer(3) ，the text became easier for us to learn.
A.New words explained
B.When new words explained
C.When explained new words
D.New words explaining 答案 解析句意为：生词被解释了，对我们来说，课文变得更容易学习了。此处是独立主格结构，new words与explain之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动和完成。√
It was with great sadness that they learnt of the man’s death.
他们得知那个人的死讯后非常悲痛。(1)It is/was...that...为强调句型。这里强调了状语with great sadness。
(2)被强调部分往往是句子的主语、宾语、时间状语和地点状语，但有时也可强调比较复杂的内容，如时间状语从句、条件状语从句，not until...，not only...but also...，...as well as...等结构。
(3)关于强调词的选用：强调人时可用who或that；如果不强调人一律用that。此时绝不能和定语从句混淆，被强调部分为时间、地点或者原因时不能误用when，where或why。归纳拓展(4)强调句型的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was it...who/that...?
(5)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词＋is/was it that...？(强调句型的特殊疑问句只能强调特殊疑问词。)
(6)强调句型中的is/was前面可用must/may/might等表推测的情态动词。
(7)判断强调句型的方法是：将it is/was和that/who去掉，如果句子结构仍然完整，则是强调句型，否则就不是。(1)It was in the library that I saw her yesterday.
我昨天是在图书馆见到她的。
(2)Was it during the Second World War that he died?
他是在第二次世界大战期间去世的吗？
(3)Where was it that you found your lost pen?
你是在哪里找到你丢失的钢笔的？语境助记题组训练(1)他可能是在这个房间遇到了她。
in this room he met her.It might bethat(2)It was when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.(2015·湖南，21)
A.which B.that
C.where D.how 答案 解析考查强调句型。句意为：正是在我们快要回到家的时候，我才意识到帮助有困难的人的感觉是多么美妙。强调句型的基本结构为It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分。如果强调人，可用that或who，但是强调其他时只能使用that。√(3)Bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century his musical gift was fully recognized.(2015·重庆，9)
A.while B.though
C.that D.after 答案 解析考查强调句型。句意为：巴赫于1750年去世，但是他的音乐才能一直到19世纪早期才完全被认可。本句是一个强调句型，其结构是：It is/was not until...that...，故选C。√当堂达标Ⅰ.词形变换
1.This war has caused widespread human (suffer).
2.Her mother is an eye (special).
3.The (instruct) was very kind and patient and we all like him.
4.The man got up and walked (direct) to the girl.
5. (curious) is part of the children’s nature.sufferingspecialistinstructordirectlyCuriosityⅡ.完成句子
6. (是你说的话) that moved him?
7.They arrived (我们正在吃饭的时候).
8. (既然雨停了)，let’s go for a walk.
9.I will tell him the news
(他一回来).
10. (他生病了)，we’ll have to do his work.Was it what you saidwhile we were having dinnerSince the rain has stoppeddirectly/immediately/as soon as he gets backHe being illⅢ.单项填空
11.You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists.(2016·天津，13)
A.who B.which
C.where D.that 答案 解析考查强调句。句意为：你等错地方了。长途公共汽车是在旅馆接的游客。强调句的判断方法是将It is/was与that/who去掉后，句子意思依然清楚，结构依然完整。经判断，“The coach picks up tourists at the hotel.”句子成分完整，句意明确，故本句是强调句。因强调的内容是地点，故空格处应填that。√12. online shopping has changed our life，not all of its effects have been positive.(2016·浙江，5)
A.Since B.After
C.While D.Unless 答案 解析考查连词。句意为：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但并非它的所有影响都是积极正面的。while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”；since既然，自从；after在……之后；unless除非。故选C。√13.There is no need for some birds，actually， south for winter in some parts of the world.(2017·阜宁中学高二调研)
A.heading B.to head
C.heading for D.to head for 答案 解析句意为：实际上，在世界上的一些地方，一些鸟儿没有必要飞到南方过冬。There is no need for sb. to do sth.某人没有必要做某事。此处的south是副词，故选B项。√14.If you are about Australian cities，just read the book written by Dr.Johnson.
A.interested B.anxious
C.upset D.curious 答案 解析考查形容词词义辨析。be interested in...对……感兴趣；be anxious about担心，着急；be upset about对……感到不安；be curious about对……感到好奇。根据句意可知选D项。√15. of danger in the street at night，she had to go home with a friend her.
A.Warned；accompanied
B.Having been warned；accompanying
C.Warning；accompanied
D.Having warned；accompanying 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：被警告晚上大街上危险后，她不得不在一个朋友的陪伴下回家。warn发生在主句之前，且与主语she存在动宾关系，故用现在分词的完成被动式；第二个空考查with复合结构，a friend与accompany为主动关系，故用现在分词。√语法专题——非谓语动词(Ⅱ)语法感知 语法精析高考链接用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. (inspire) by Sang Lan’s story，the students decide to work harder at their lessons.
2. (trap) in the hole，the animal was caught.
3.Not (know) your number，I wasn’t able to get in touch with you.
4. (improve) his spoken English，he practises speaking it every day.
5.Once (catch)，students who cheat in the exam will be punished.语法感知InspiredHaving been trappedknowingTo improvecaught语法精析五、非谓语动词作状语
1.不定式作状语，多表示目的，也表示原因、结果等。
Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four times a year to visit her.
她母亲计划每年至少四次飞到北京来看她。(目的)
I am so excited to be here!
我来到这儿真激动！(原因)
He arrived at the airport only to find the plane had already taken off.
他到达机场却发现飞机已经起飞了。(结果)2.现在分词作状语，多表示时间、原因、结果、伴随等。
Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already，I didn’t take much notice.
我在夏威夷曾经历过好几次地震，因此(对这种声音)就没有太在意。(原因)
Wang Pengwei sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.
王鹏伟坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到十分沮丧。(伴随)
现在分词的一般式表示其动作正在进行或与句子谓语动词的动作同时发生；现在分词的完成式表示其动作发生在句子谓语动词的动作之前。Walking down the street，he hears someone calling him.在街上走着，他听到有人叫他。(现在分词walking表示walk这一动作与句子谓语动词hears的动作同时发生。
Having worked hard all day，I went to bed early.
我辛辛苦苦工作了一整天，很早就上床睡觉了。(现在分词having worked表示work这一动作发生在句子谓语动词went的动作之前)3.过去分词作状语，多表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。
Frightened by the noise outside，the little girl dared not sleep in her bedroom.
由于受到外面噪音的惊吓，小女孩不敢在她卧室里睡觉了。(原因)
The lady returned home，followed by the famous detective Holmes.
女士回到家，身后跟着著名的侦探福尔摩斯。(伴随)
过去分词的一般式作状语时，多表示其动作与句子谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或存在；现在分词的完成被动式则表示其动作发生在句子谓语动词的动作之前。Hit by the lack of fresh air，he got a bad headache.
由于缺乏新鲜空气，他头疼得厉害。(hit与get同时发生)
Having been warned of typhoon，the fishermen sailed for the nearest harbour.
听到台风警报，渔民们驾船驶向最近的港口。(warn发生在sail之前)4.在时间、地点、让步、方式、条件等状语从句中，如果谓语部分有动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致，常把从句中的主语和动词be省略。
While cycling，don’t forget the traffic lights.
骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。
If invited，I will go.
如果被邀请，我会去。
Whenever asked，he would always keep silent.
每当问他时，他总是保持沉默。题组训练Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. (pass) the final examination，he stayed up late to do a lot of exercises.
2.She said all this only (make) everyone even more anxious.
3. (be) so angry，he couldn’t go to sleep.
4. (see) from a spaceship，the earth is a blue planet.
5.The old man sat on the grass， (stare) at the blue sky.To passto makeBeingSeenstaringⅡ.句型转换
1.Although he lived miles away，he still attended the course.
，he still attended the course.
2.It rained heavily and it caused severe flooding in that area.
It rained heavily, .
3.If the medicine is taken in time，it will be quite effective.
，the medicine will be quite effective.AlthoughlivingmilesawaycausingseverefloodinginthatareaTakenin time4.She got there early so that she could catch the early bus.
，she got there early.
5.We have made our plan，and we will put it into practice.
，we will put it into practice.Tocatch the earlybusHaving made our plan高考链接1. it easier to get in touch with us，you’d better keep this card at hand.(2016·北京，26)
A.Made B.Make
C.Making D.To make 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：为了更容易地和我们取得联系，你最好把这张名片卡放在手头。由本句话的后半句可知，make的逻辑主语为you，you与make之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，结合句意可知，非谓语动词在这里作目的状语，故选D。√123456789102. over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.(2016·北京，28)
A.Ordering B.To order
C.Having ordered D.Ordered 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：那些书一周前已经预定了，现在有望随时到货。 order与其逻辑主语the books之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故选D。√123456789103.Newly-built wooden cottages line the street， the old town into a dreamland.(2016·北京，32)
A.turn B.turning
C.to turn D.turned 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：新建的小木屋沿街排成一行，将这个古老的小镇变成了一个梦幻之地。句子主语newly-built wooden cottages与turn是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故选B。√123456789104. the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.(2015·北京，21)
A.Catching B.Caught
C.To catch D.Catch 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：为了赶上早班飞机，我们提前预定了出租车并且很早就起了床。这里逻辑主语是we，用不定式作目的状语，表示预定出租车并且早起的目的，故选C。√123456789105. more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.(2015·福建，28)
A.Learn B.Learned
C.To learn D.To be learning 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：为了了解更多的中国文化，杰克决定选择中国民族音乐作为选修课。learn与其逻辑主语Jack是主动关系，用不定式作目的状语，故选C。√123456789106.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground， whether to stay or leave.(2015·湖南，30)
A.wondering B.wonder
C.to wonder D.wondered 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：那名店员看到一张友善的脸，脸上因歉意的微笑布满了皱纹，这时她愣在了那里，琢磨着是走还是留。句子的主语she与wonder之间是主动关系，且wonder与主句谓语stood是同时发生的，故用现在分词作伴随状语。√123456789107. in painting，John didn’t notice evening approaching.(2015·天津，5)
A.To absorb B.To be absorbed
C.Absorbed D.Absorbing 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：由于专心于绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。此处的Absorbed in painting相当于原因状语从句Because he was absorbed in painting的省略。√123456789108. in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.(2015·重庆，6)
A.Being raised B.Raising
C.Raised D.To raise 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：生长在格拉斯哥最贫困的地区，他成为一名足球明星的道路漫长而艰难。raise与句子的主语he是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此排除B、D两项；A项是现在分词的被动式，表示正在发生，故排除A项。√123456789109. for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
(2015·天津，8)
A.To work B.Worked
C.To be working D.Having worked 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：工作了两天后，史蒂夫设法准时完成了报告。动词work与句子主语Steve之间为主谓关系，故要用现在分词形式；同时work的动作发生在谓语动词managed to finish之前，故要用完成时。√1234567891010.Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way the sun and the stars.(2015·重庆，11)
A.used B.having used
C.using D.use 答案 解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：就像古时候的水手一样，鸟能利用太阳和星星找到它们的路。根据语境，use与其句中隐含的逻辑主语birds之间为主动关系，故用v.-ing形式的一般式，在句中作伴随状语，表示与find同时发生。√12345678910课件11张PPT。Unit 2 What is happiness to you?Step One 构词助记Step Two 词义助记内容索引Step Three 语境助记Vocabulary BreakthroughStep One 构词助记A组(前缀)
build v.→ vt.重建；改建
bearable adj.→ adj.无法忍受的
certain adj.→ adj.无把握的
B 组(后缀)
suffer v.→ n.痛苦；折磨
view v.→ n.观看者；电视观众
special adj.→ n.专科医师；专家
appreciate v.→ n.感激；欣赏
thank v.→ adj.感激的rebuildunbearableuncertainsufferingviewerspecialistappreciationthankfulbroadcast v.→ n.广播
admire vt.→ adj.令人钦佩的
deep adj.→ n.深度
instruct v.→ n. 教练；导师
direct adj.→ adv.径直地
gold n.→ adj.美好的；金色的
entertain v.→ n.娱乐活动；招待
hand n.→ adj.易使用的；便利的
motivate v.→ n.动机broadcastingadmirabledepthinstructordirectlygoldenentertainmenthandymotivationC 组(合成)
adj.＋n. n.友好；善意
adv.＋n. adj.&adv.向山下(的)
adj.&adv.部分时间的(地)；兼职的(地)
D组(转化)
n.?v. 滑雪
adj.?adv. 向山下
adj.?n. 最大值；最大的
adj.?n. 最小值；最小的goodwilldownhillpart-timeskidownhillmaximumminimumStep Two 词义助记A组(同义词)
audience n.? n.
expert n.? n.
sadness n.? n.
coach n.? n.
gift n.? n.
difficulty n.? n.B 组(反义词)
bearable adj.? adj.
C组(形近词)
adopt v.? v.(使)适应viewerspecialistsorrowinstructortalenthardshipunbearableadaptStep Three 语境助记1.背诵经典 The specialist of great talent is in good spirits because he has just assisted in accomplishing an operation successfully.
规范默写 2.背诵经典 No one accompanying him，the instructor walked downhill on his own and headed for the camp site directly.
规范默写 3.背诵经典 The patient kept complaining of his unbearable suffering all night.
规范默写 4.背诵经典 The viewers are uncertain whether the new temporary host is adequate for the entertainment programme which is admirable and attractive.
规范默写 课件51张PPT。Unit 3 Understanding each other基础自测 课文预读内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period Four Project基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. n.描述，叙述
2. n.勇敢
adj.勇敢的
adv.勇敢地
3. vt.统治；控制，支配
n.统治者
n.政府accountbraverybravebravelygoverngovernorgovernment4. adj.音乐的
n.音乐剧
n.音乐
5. vt.& vi.蒸，蒸发
n.蒸汽
6. n.平原；adj.清楚的，明显的；坦诚的；朴素的
adv.平坦地，明白地，清楚地musicalmusicsteamplainplainly7. vt.复述，转述
n.复述者
8. vt.烤，烘焙
adj.烤的，焙的retellretellerroastⅡ.重点短语
1. 寻找
2. 信仰；信赖；信奉
3. 以……为基础
4. 是……的家园；是……的所在地
5. 富含……
6. 属于……
7. 控制，支配
8. 目的是……；被设计用来……hunt forbelieve inbe based onbe home to/be the home ofbe rich inbelong tohave power overbe designed toⅢ.重点句式1.过去分词(短语)作后置定语Here you will have the chance to see Aborigine ceremonies with singing and dancing， ancient beliefs.
在这里，你将有机会目睹基于古老信仰的土著仪式，仪式上人们载歌载舞。2.It’s believed that... the Maori people came from the Pacific islands of Polynesia.
人们认为，毛利人来自太平洋的波利尼西亚群岛。based onIt is believed that课文预读1234Ⅰ.课文阅读理解
1.The Inuit live mainly on .
A.rice B.fruit
C.meat D.vegetable√ 答案2.If you want to try some strange food，you’d better go to .
A.Canada B.Australia
C.New Zealand D.America√ 答案12343.The Maoris believe in .
A.only one god B.Great Spirits
C.many gods D.the Great Spirit√ 答案12344.When you visit a tribe in the centre of North America，you will .
A.see some fine carving art works
B.join in a dance called the Haka
C.get the chance to go night fishing
D.take part in the Sun Dance√ 答案1234Ⅱ.课文阅读填空Wheregather/collectplayingMainlyAustraliaceremonieshuntingwoodenattendRoastedⅢ.课文阅读简答
1.What’s the main idea of the text?
2.What do the Inuit believe in?
3.What’s the power of Great Spirit?
It’s about visiting different minority cultures and experience for yourself their traditions，customs，and way of life.Animal spirits.The power over all things including animals，trees，stones and clouds.要点探究重点词汇经典句式
We offer you the chance to visit different minority cultures and experience for yourself their traditions，customs and way of life.我们提供给你个机会去参观不同少数民族的文化，亲自体验他们的传统、风俗和生活方式。重点词汇归纳拓展(1)minority n.少数民族；少数，少数人
in a/the minority占少数
a/the minority of少数
(2)minor adj.较小的，较少的；不重要的
(3)major adj.较大的；较多的；重要的；n.专业；v.主修
(4)majority n.大多数
in a/the majority占大多数
a/the majority of大多数
by a majority/minority of以……优/劣势(1)There are 55 minorities in our country.
我国有55个少数民族。
(2)Only a minority of the class voted for the plan.
班里只有少数学生投票赞成这项计划。语境助记(1)舞蹈班里男生占极少数。
Boys are very much at the dancing class.
(2)他以71票的优势赢得了该席位。
He won the seat 71 votes.题组训练in a minorityby a majority of(3)—What is boys’ favorite sport?
—Football.But of boys in our class like playing football.
A.nobody B.most
C.the minority D.everyone√ 答案 解析句意为：——男孩们最喜爱什么运动？——足球。但是，我们班里只有少数男孩子喜欢踢足球。the minority of少数，符合语境。most of大多数，不符合语境。
account n.描述，叙述；账户；v.认为是，视为
on account of因为，由于
on no account决不(置于句首时，句子部分倒装)
take...into account考虑到，顾及
open an account开一个账户
account for解释，说明；是……的原因；(数量上，比例上)占You will have the chance to join one of these large assemblies and take part in the dancing，listen to traditional accounts of bravery，and play games.你将有机会参加一个这样的大型集会，你还有机会参加跳舞，聆听传统的英勇故事，还可以参与游戏。归纳拓展(1)John gave us a detailed account of his plan.
关于他的计划，约翰给我们作了详尽的说明。
(2)I hope you will take my suggestion into account.
我希望你能考虑一下我的建议。
(3)Women account for the majority of our customers.
我们的顾客中女性占多数。语境助记题组训练(1)句型转换
He has described what he noticed.
He has given / of what he noticed.
(2)我决不会借钱给她。
On no account .
(3)由于天气不好，我们将起程的时间推迟了。
We delayed our departure the bad weather.anaccountadescriptionwill I lend her the moneyon account of(4)It is said that body language 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.(2015·福建，25)
A.lies in B.accounts for
C.consists of D.goes with√ 答案 解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。lie in在于；account for(数量上、比例上)占；consist of由……组成(或构成)；go with与……相配(或协调、和谐)。
There are many different tribes that belong to the Native American Indian group.
美洲印第安民族有许多不同的部落。(1)belong to 属于
(2)belongings n.财产；所有物归纳拓展(1)Not only this dictionary but also these books belong to me.
这本词典和这些书都是我的。
(2)She lost all her belongings in the fire.
她在那场火灾中失去了所有的财产。
注意：belong to不能用于进行时态和被动语态。语境助记题组训练(1)你知道这所老房子是谁的吗？
Who do you know ?
(2)属于麦克的那辆新自行车很好看。
The new bike is very nice.the old house belongs tobelonging to Mike
have power over 控制，支配
in power在掌权
come to/into power上台执政，掌权
beyond one’s power为某人能力所不及
in/within one’s power在某人的能力/权力之内The Plains Indians believe in the Great Spirit who has power over all things including animals，trees，stones and clouds.平原印第安人信奉至上神，认为至上神对包括动物、树木、石头和云彩在内的一切拥有控制权。归纳拓展(1)That we have power over a situation gives us a feeling of power.
我们控制了局面使我们感到自己很强大。
(2)It’s beyond my power to help you.
我没有能力帮助你。
(3)Finishing the task is within my power.
完成这项任务在我的能力范围之内。语境助记题组训练(1)同义句改写
He told her that he would do everything in his power to prove that he was the man for her.
①He told her that he would to prove that he was the man for her.(改为含有what从句的复合句)
②He told her that he would to prove that he was the man for her.(用do one’s best改写)do what he coulddo his best(2)As you know，John Trump in 2017.
A.came into power B.came into home
C.came into rule D.returned to power√ 答案句意为：正如你所知，特朗普在2017年上台了。come into power当权，上台，执政； come into home进入家里； come into rule执行规则； return to power再度执政。 解析
It is believed that the Maori people came from the Pacific islands of Polynesia.
人们认为，毛利人来自太平洋的波利尼西亚群岛。经典句式It is believed that...中it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。即构成结构：It is＋过去分词＋that从句。此结构可转换为：Sb.is/are＋过去分词＋不定式。
类似用法：
It is thought that...大家认为……
It is said that...据说……
It is reported that...据报道……归纳拓展(1)It is believed that the couple have left that country.
据说这对夫妇已经离开了那个国家。
(2)It is once thought that the sun travelled around the earth.
人们曾经认为太阳绕着地球转。语境助记题组训练(1)句型转换
①The wild plant is reported to contain rich vitamins.
the wild plant contains rich vitamins.
②It is said that the strange old man is a great artist.
The strange old man a great artist.Itisreportedthatissaidtobe(2)The big fire due to the burning of construction materials caused 58 deaths and destroyed all the belongings of the people there.
A.was believed to occur
B.was believed to have occurred
C.believed to have been occurred
D.believed to have occurred 答案 解析√考查非谓语动词的用法。句意为：人们相信大火是由于建筑材料的燃烧造成的，大火造成了58人丧生，居住在这里的人们的所有财物都被烧毁了。big fire作为主语，后面的cause和destroy是并列的两个谓语动词，所以believe只能作为非谓语动词来使用，排除A、B两项，而occur是不及物动词没有被动语态，所以排除C项。故选D项。当堂达标Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.How do you (解释) for all the accidents in series?
2. (支配) by supply and demand，price is the invisible hand in economics.
3.The teacher asked the students to the story they had just read.
4.The judge praised the firefighters for their and devotion to duty.
5.Colin can play many (音乐的) instruments，including the violin and the piano.accountGovernedretellbraverymusicalⅡ.选词填空
be home to，be designed to，believe in，hunt for，have power over
6.I think everyone can his or her fate.
7.Lena went out again that day to a job.
8.He is enjoying the arrow that hunt for animals.
9.The beautiful site several football teams.
10.Some people God and others don’t.have power overhunt foris designed tois home tobelieve inⅢ.完成句子
11.跳舞时，我戴着一个用木头刻的特殊跳舞面具。
，I wore a special dance mask carved from wood.
12.人们相信这个新经理会称职的。
the new manager will be fit for the position.
13.我们不该留着不属于我们的东西。
We should not keep the things .When/While dancingIt is believed thatthat don’t belong to us14.他正在看一部由莎士比亚的小说改编的戏剧。
He is watching a play by Shakespeare.
15.在夏天造访那里，你将有机会看到许多令人兴奋的节日庆典。
Visit there in the summer， many exciting festivals.based on a noveland you will have the chance to seeⅣ.单项填空
16.Nowadays many people make their choices about what they buy，___
advertisements rather than their own judgment.
(2017·盐城时杨中学高二调研)
A.basing on B.based on
C.to base on D.was based on 答案 解析句意为：现在很多人根据广告而不是自己的判断来对要买的东西作出选择。此处是作定语，修饰choices，故用过去分词表示被动。√17.—Tom has played a lot of computer games recently.
—Yes，that might his failure in the mid-term examinations.
A.account for B.answer for
C.ask for D.stand for 答案 解析句意为：——汤姆最近玩太多电脑游戏了。——是的，这也许是他期中考试失利的原因。account for是……的说明(或原因)，符合句意。answer for对……负责，因……受到谴责；ask for要求，请求；stand for代表。√18.Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future to the well--educated.
A.belongs B.is belonged
C.is belonging D.will be belonged 答案 解析句意为：威廉姆斯教授一直告诫他的学生们说未来是属于受过良好教育的人的。belong to属于，不能用于进行时态和被动语态。√19.Most members of the committee were in favor of the suggestion；only a were against it.
A.majority B.minority
C.quantity D.amount 答案 解析句意为：委员会中的大多数成员赞成这个建议，只有小部分人反对。minority少数，符合句意。majority大多数；quantity数量；amount账目。√20.Generally Confucius is believed the literature of China for later times.
A.to preserve B.to be preserved
C.to have preserved D.to preserving 答案 解析句意为：人们普遍认为孔子为后世保存了中国的文学作品。sb. be believed to do sth；preserve所表示的动作早已发生，所以用现在完成时。故选C。√课件71张PPT。Unit 3 Understanding each other话题导入 Traveling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier.We live in a global village，but this doesn’t mean that we all behave in the same way.How should you behave when you greet someone for the first time? An American shakes your hand firmly while looking you straight in the eye.In many parts of Asia，there is no physical contact at all.In Japan，you should bow，and ，the deeper you should bow.In Thailand，people greet each other by pressing both hands together at the chest.In both countries，eye contact is avoided as a sign of respect. Many countries have rules about what you should and shouldn’t wear.In Muslim countries，you shouldn’t reveal the body，especially women，who should wear long blouses and skirts.In Korea，you should take off your shoes when entering a house.Remember to place them neatly together where you came in.
In Spain，lunch is often the biggest meal of the day，and can last two or three hours.For this reason many people eat a light breakfast and a late dinner.In Mexico，lunch is the time to relax，and many people prefer not to discuss business as they eat.In Britain，it’s not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast. In most countries，an exchange of business cards is necessary for all introductions.It should include your company name and your position.If you are going to a country where your language is not widely spoken，you can get the back side of your card printed in the local language.In China，you may present your card with the writing facing the person you are giving it to.根据上文完成下列各题
1.What’s the main idea of the passage?
2.Why do people in Spain have a light breakfast and a late dinner?
3.Fill in the blank with proper words.
4.What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?
To tell us different countries have different customs.Because they tend to have a big lunch and it lasts long.the more respect you want to showTips on exchanging business cards.基础自测 课文预读内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period One Welcome to the unit & Reading基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. vt.和某人打招呼(或问好)
2. vt.保证，担保，确保
3. vt.向(某人)道贺，祝贺
4. n.接待；接受；招待会
5. vt.&vi.允许，准许
n.许可证
n.允许greetensurecongratulatereceptionpermitpermission6. vt.(尤指以法令)禁止
7. prep.&adv.自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处，遍及
8. n.冒犯；侮辱
vt.冒犯
adj.冒犯的
9. vi.&vt.适应，习惯；调整，调节
n.调整
10. adj.习惯于；惯常的
vt.使习惯于prohibitthroughoutoffenceoffendoffensiveadjustadjustmentaccustomedaccustom11. adj.相像，十分相似
adv.十分相像地；同样地
12. adj.熟悉的；通晓的
13. n.庆祝活动；庆典
vt.庆祝alikefamiliarcelebrationcelebrateⅡ.重点短语
1. 一……就……
2. 应该
3. 做某事有困难
4. 习惯于(做)某事；适应某事
5. 熟悉，通晓
6. 发生as soon asbe supposed tohave trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.get accustomed to (doing) sth.be familiar withtake place7. 毕竟；终究
8. 另一方面
9. 没有……也行；将就after allon the other handdo without1.it作形式主语，动名词为真正的主语Ⅲ.重点句式 the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.
看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子很有趣。It’s quite funny watchingAnother thing is, Brunei, you have to take off your shoes before going into someone’s house.
还有就是，如果你来到文莱，你进别人的房间之前必须得脱鞋。2.if引导的虚拟条件句if you came towould3.what引导主语从句But is that there are sometimes great cultural differences even between native English speakers.
但真正有趣的是，甚至在以英语为母语的人之间有时也存在很大的文化差异。what is really interestingWell, .
好了，我该走了。4.It’s time for sb.to do sth.某人该做某事了。it’s time for me to go课文预读1234Ⅰ.课文阅读理解
1. ，it is rude not to open a present when someone gives you one.
A.In the West B.In the Mid East
C.In China D.In Japan√ 答案2.If a man joins in a wedding reception in Brunei，he has to .
A.sit with the bride
B.sit with the bridegroom and the other men
C.stand all the time
D.leave at once√1234 答案3.If you attend a wedding reception in Brunei，chances are that you can’t drink .
A.tea B.Coca Cola
C.coffee D.alcohol√1234 答案4.If you come to ，you will have to take off your shoes before entering someone’s house.
A.Brunei
B.cities in the UK
C.the countryside in China
D.both A and B√ 答案1234Ⅱ.课文阅读填空CulturalcelebrateunfamiliarpolitelivewhileservedloudlyinsteadenteringⅢ.课文阅读简答
1.In the West, when is the polite time to open a present? Why?
2.What does Ma Li think about learning about cultural differences?
In the West, it is polite to open a present when someone gives you one.
Because people want to see the person’s reaction.She thinks learning about cultural differences is a good way to understand more about each other.Ⅳ.阅读课文，并以约30个词概括P34，L1－15总的段落大意。
To finish the homework about cultural differences, Ma Li turns to Waled and Peter.Peter tells her that it’s traditional for the British teacher to open the present the moment he receives it.Besides，there are differen-ces in wedding ceremony between Korea and the UK.要点探究重点词汇经典句式难句分析ensure vt.保证，担保，确保
ensure sb.sth.(＝ensure sth.to sb.)向某人担保某事
ensure that...担保/保证/确保……...and hens are thought to ensure good luck for the marriage.
……人们认为母鸡能确保婚姻好运。归纳拓展重点词汇(1)I can’t ensure his being on time.
我不能保证他能准时。
(2)Your experience in teaching will ensure you a post.
你的教学经历肯定能确保你谋求到一个职位。
(3)You must ensure that all the doors are locked.
你必须确保所有的门都锁上了。语境助记(1)这种药将保证你一晚睡眠良好。
This medicine will .题组训练ensure you a good night’s sleep(2)It is our responsibility to that the country’s health care publications are beneficial to the people.
A.satisfy B.compromise
C.quarrel D.ensure√ 答案 解析句意为：确保国家的卫生保健出版物对人们有益是我们的职责。satisfy使满意；compromise妥协；quarrel争吵；ensure确保。
During the ceremony，the hen laid an egg，and everyone congratulated the new couple because it was considered very lucky.
在婚礼期间，母鸡下了一只蛋，这被看作是件非常幸运的事，大家都祝贺这一对新人。(1)congratulate vt.祝贺；向(某人)道贺
congratulate sb.(on sth.)(为某事)向某人祝贺
(2)congratulation n.祝贺，恭喜(常用作复数形式)
congratulations to sb.on sth.就某事向某人祝贺归纳拓展congratulate，celebrate
(1)congratulate作“祝贺，道贺”解时，应以被祝贺的人作宾语，用介词on或upon引出祝贺的原因。
(2)celebrate表示举行仪式、典礼的庆祝，只能用事(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语。易混辨析(1)I congratulate you on your great discovery.
我祝贺你的伟大发现。
(2)We’ll offer our congratulations to her on her success.
我们要祝贺她的成功。
(3)People celebrate Earth Day differently.
人们用不同的方式庆祝地球日。语境助记题组训练(1)用congratulate和celebrate的适当形式填空
①People in the city held a great party to their victory.
②You can yourself on having done an excellent job.celebratecongratulate(2)—I got that job I wanted at the public library.
— ！ That’s good news. (2014·陕西，11)
A.Go ahead B.Cheers
C.Congratulations D.Come on√ 答案考查情景交际。Go ahead请吧；Cheers干杯；Congratulations祝贺你；Come on来吧，加油。根据后一句可知此处表示祝贺，故选C项。 解析
Another difference is that while we serve food，soft drinks，tea and coffee，alcohol is not permitted at the wedding reception—in fact，alcohol is altogether prohibited in Brunei.另一个不同之处是在结婚喜宴上我们提供食物、软饮、茶和咖啡，但酒是不允许的——事实上，在文莱(的婚礼上)酒是完全被禁止的。(1)permit v.允许；准许；n.许可证归纳拓展(2)prohibit v.(尤指以法令)禁止
prohibit sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(1)Have you got a permit to fish in this lake?
你有在这个湖里钓鱼的许可证吗？
(2)We don’t permit smoking in the lecture room.
我们不允许在教室内抽烟。
(3)His poor health prohibited him from continuing the work.
体弱多病使他没有办法继续工作。语境助记题组训练(1)如果天气允许的话，聚会将在花园举行。
The party will be held in the garden， .
(2)禁止游客投喂动物。
Visitors the animals.weather permittingare prohibited from feeding(3)Passengers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
A.to carry B.carrying
C.to be carried D.being carried√ 答案 解析句意为：乘客只被允许带一件手提行李箱登机。此处为permit sb.to do sth.的被动结构，即sb.is permitted to do sth.“某人被允许做某事”，再根据passengers与carry之间的主动关系可确定选A项。
adjust v.适应，习惯；调整，调节
adjust sth.to sth.调整……以适应……
adjust to (doing) sth.适应(做)某事
adjust oneself to (doing) sth.使自己适应(做)某事It’s quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.
看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子真的很有趣。归纳拓展(1)You can adjust this desk to the height of any child.
你可以把这张桌子调整到适合任何孩子的高度。
(2)It took her a while to adjust to living alone.
她花了一段时间才适应独自生活。语境助记题组训练(1)他使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的气候。
He the heat of the country.
(2)过了一会儿他的眼睛适应了黑暗。
After a while his eyes the dark.adjusted himself very quickly toadjusted to(3)Having spent four years in Columbus，Yesenia Luces has not only the climate in the Midwest，but also the cultures and customs there.
A.used to B.admitted to
C.adjusted to D.applied to√ 答案 解析考查动词短语辨析。根据题意可推断出Yesenia Luces“适应”了那儿的气候、文化和习俗，所以选adjust to。used to过去常常；admit...to...准许……进入/加入……；apply to申请，均不符合该语境。
Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.许多外国人很难适应这种做法。(1)accustomed adj.习惯的；惯常的
be accustomed to sth./doing sth.习惯于……(状态)
become/get accustomed to sth./doing sth.习惯于……(动作)
(2)accustom v.使习惯于，使适应
accustom oneself/sb.to sth./doing sth.使……习惯于……归纳拓展(1)I am accustomed to walking long distances.
我习惯于长距离步行。
(2)You will soon get accustomed to the job.
你将会很快习惯这个工作。语境助记题组训练(1)我花了一段时间才使自己适应了所有新的规章制度。
It took a while for me to all the new rules and regu-lations.
(2)她觉得有必要让她的孩子养成早起的习惯。
She found it necessary early.accustom myself toto accustom her child to getting up(3)—They are quiet，aren’t they?
—Yes.They are accustomed at meals.
A.to talk B.to not talk
C.to talking D.to not talking√ 答案 解析be accustomed to 习惯于，to为介词，后接名词或动名词。由句意可知，表示否定意义，故选D项。
familiar adj.通晓的；熟悉的
be familiar to(＝be known to)为……所熟悉
be familiar with熟悉……For example，I have fond childhood memories of Bonfire Night，but my American friends are not familiar with that particular festival.
例如，我有童年时篝火节的温馨回忆，但我的美国朋友对那个特别的节日竟然不太了解。归纳拓展(1)I am a stranger here.So the city isn’t familiar to me.
我是新来的。所以这个城市对我来说不熟悉。
(2)I am a stranger here.So I am not familiar with the city.
我是新来的。所以我对这个城市不熟悉。语境助记题组训练(1)句型转换
They are all familiar with the works.
The works all of them.
(2)我没认出熟悉法语的那个人。
I haven’t recognized the man French.arefamiliartofamiliar with
However，in America there are large public fireworks shows on Independence Day to ensure that everyone will be satisfied，while in Britain if personal fireworks are not permitted people will just do without.
然而，在美国独立日那天有大型焰火表演以确保让每个人都满意，而在英国如果禁止个人进行焰火表演，人们就只好将就了。do without只好将就；没有……也行，无需
do up打扮，梳妆；包扎；捆；修理
do with处理归纳拓展(1)I can do without your advice，thank you.
谢谢你，我不需要你的劝告。
(2)She went to the mirror to do up her hair.
她走到镜子前梳理头发。
(3)What are we going to do with the problem?
我们将怎样来处理这个问题呢？语境助记题组训练(1)没有牛奶了，所以我想我们只好将就了。
There is no milk，so I guess we will just have to .
(2)我们是离不开汽车的。
A car is something we can’t .do withoutdo without(3)During the war there was a serious lack of food.It was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to bread for days.
A.eat up B.give away
C.do without D.deal with√ 答案 解析根据上句“During the war there was a serious lack of food.”可推测出“甚至富裕家庭有时也几天吃不上面包”，故应选择do without，此处表示“不用/不吃……勉强度过”。eat up吃完；give away 捐赠，分发，泄露；deal with应付，处理。
It’s quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.
看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子很有趣。经典句式归纳拓展(1)本句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是动名词短语。watch后跟复合宾语，the new foreign teachers为宾语，trying to adjust to doing that作宾语补足语。(2)动名词短语作主语时，常用于以下句式：(1)It was no use sending him to hospital.
送他到医院没有用。
(2)It was useless telling him about it.
告诉他这件事是没用的。语境助记题组训练(1)被带去逛动物园很有意思。
to the zoo.It’s fun being taken(2)It’s no use him to join us.
A.to advise B.advise
C.being advising D.advising 答案 解析It’s no use后用v.--ing作真正的主语。√
But what is really interesting is that there are sometimes great cultural differences even between native English speakers.难句分析句式分析：what is really interesting是 从句；that引导的是 从句。
自主翻译： 主语表语 但真正有趣的是，甚至在以英语为母语的人之间有时也存在很大的文化差异。当堂达标Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Please (确保) that all the lights are switched off before you leave.
2.I don’t believe we’ve met before, although I must say you do look
(熟悉的).
3.I’m sure he meant no (冒犯) when he said that.
4.A government should the free expression of political opinion.
5.His parents him from coming home late.ensurefamiliaroffencepermitprohibitⅡ.选词填空
adjust to，in celebration of，get accustomed to，take place，after all
6.I can’t the fact that you’ve grown up.
7.It took him quite a while to living alone after his parents passed away.
8.Don’t scold him for the broken cup. ，he is too young.
9.Last Sunday we held an evening party his 60th birth-day.
10.Great changes have in the city where she was born.get accustomed toadjust toAfter allin celebration oftaken placeⅢ.完成句子
11.我想知道的是你能否和我一起去看电影。
is that if you can go to the cinema with me.
12.在弱光下阅读是没有好处的。
It’s no good .
13.他在与人交流方面有障碍。
He with others.What I want to knowreading in dim lighthas great trouble (in) communicating14.我想是时候找份工作了。
I guess a job.
15.假如她昨天邀请我参加聚会，我就去了。
If she had invited me yesterday，I to the party. it’s time for me to look forwould have goneⅣ.单项填空
16.Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence. ，it could just put you in debt.(2014·江西，25)
A.In other words B.All in all
C.As a result D.On the other hand 答案 解析考查介词短语辨析。句意为：自己做生意也许是获得经济独立的一个方法；另一方面，它也可能让你负债。in other words换句话说；all in all总的说来；as a result结果；on the other hand另一方面。根据句意说明这是一件事情的两个方面，所以D项符合。√17.The area is very important for preserving many animals and plants, which would otherwise run the risk of dying out. (2017·沭阳高二期中)
A.conversation B.conservation
C.profession D.permission 答案 解析句意为：这个保护区对于保护很多动物和植物是很重要的，否则它们会面临灭绝的危险。conversation谈话；conservation保护；profession职业；permission允许。由句意可知选B项。√18. The three sisters decided to hold a family party to their parents’ silver wedding.
A.celebrate B.memorize
C.congratulate D.welcome 答案 解析句意为：这三姐妹决定举行一个家庭晚会来庆祝她们父母的银婚。celebrate庆祝，符合句意。√19.—Hi，Mum.I got promoted for my wonderful performance in my work.
—_______
A.Congratulations! B.Best wishes.
C.Good luck. D.Don’t mention it. 答案 解析孩子因在工作中表现得好而得到提升，妈妈应该表示“祝贺”，故选A。√20. If the custom of an area you，you’d better not play jokes on the people there.
A.is familiar with B.is familiar to
C.is not familiar to D.is not familiar with 答案 解析某物/事为某人所熟悉用“sth.be familiar to sb.”。根据上下文的逻辑关系，此处应是“如果不熟悉一个地方的风俗，最好不要和那里的人开玩笑”。√课件49张PPT。Unit 3 Understanding each other基础自测 内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period Three Task写作专题基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. n.宗教
adj.宗教的；虔诚的
2. n.手势；姿势；示意动作
v.做手势
3. n.问候；问候语
v.问候；致意
4. adj.轻微的
adv.轻微地religionreligiousgesturegreetinggreetslightslightlyⅡ.重点短语
1. 带某人参观、游览
2. 占据(时间或空间)
3. 分发；释放；散发；用完，耗尽，精疲力竭
4. 意识到；明白show sb.aroundtake upgive outbe aware ofⅢ.重点句式1.with＋宾语＋宾补In Thailand and other parts of South--East Asia，the normal greeting is a slight bow .
在泰国和东南亚的其他一些地区，通常的问候方式是双手合十并微微鞠躬。2.dislike it when...They people do not look at the cards，so remember not to just put them in your pocket without looking.
他们不喜欢人们不看名片，所以要记住，不要看都不看就把名片塞进口袋。with the hands pressed togetherdislike it when要点探究重点词汇经典句式showing foreign visitors around带领外国人参观重点词汇show sb.around带某人参观、游览
show off炫耀
show up露面
show sb.in/out带某人进来/出去归纳拓展(1)They sent someone to show me around the new office.
他们派人带我到新办公室看了看。
(2)The girl is always showing off her new clothes.
这个女孩总是炫耀她的新衣服。语境助记用适当的介、副词填空
(1)The servant showed the man and served him with a cup of tea.
(2)He showed me the school for three hours.
(3)She showed her necklace before the public.
(4)The meeting is to start，but the chairman hasn’t shown yet.
(5)When he didn’t know how to get out of the building，a boy showed him .题组训练inaroundoffupout
take up占用(时间或空间)；开始从事；开始对……产生兴趣；接受；拿起；继续
take apart拆卸；拆开
take in吸收；领会，理解；欺骗
take off (飞机)起飞；脱下；成功，成名
take on呈现；雇用；承担
take over接管I have no idea what he will do with them all，and it took up a lot of time.
我不知他怎么处理所有这些东西，这花费了很多时间。归纳拓展(1)I’m sorry to have taken up so much of your time.
很抱歉占用了你这么多时间。
(2)It’s easy to take apart this camera，while putting the pieces together is quite difficult.
拆开这个照相机很容易，然而把这些零件再安装在一起却很困难。
(3)Who do you think will take over since the president has resigned?
总统退休了，你认为谁会接管他的工作呢？语境助记题组训练(1)写出下列句子中take up的汉语意思
①He took up the book and hurried to the lecture hall. ____
②When does the new manager take up his duties？ ________
③Helen helps her mother even though going to school takes up most of her days. ____
④She took up the story where Tom had left off. ____
⑤Do you intend to take up his offer of a job？ ____拿起开始从事占据继续接受(2)We all believe that it’d be hard for him to extra responsibilities now.
A.take apart B.take up
C.take on D.take back√ 答案 解析句意为：我们都认为现在他很难承担额外的责任了。take on承担，符合句意。
He seemed to give out a lot of business cards and got a bit upset when my classmate just put it in his pocket without looking at it.
他似乎分发了许多名片，当我的同学没有看名片就把它装进口袋时，他显得有点不安。give out分发；释放；散发；用完，耗尽，精疲力竭
give away赠送；泄露
give in交上；让步；屈服，投降
give up放弃；停止
give off放出；释放归纳拓展(1)The teacher gave out the papers.
老师分发了试卷。
(2)After the long walk，she gave out and couldn’t move a bit.
走了很远的路，她精疲力竭，不能动了。
(3)The sun gives off heat and light.
太阳发出光和热。语境助记题组训练(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①He gave most of his money to the homeless.
②After a month their food supplies gave .
③The brave soldier would rather die than give .
④He was told by the doctor to give smoking.awayoutinup(2)—What was the trouble with you the day before yesterday?
—When I practised running on the playground，my strength and I fell onto the ground.
A.gave away B.gave in
C.gave off D.gave out√ 答案 解析此处表示“力气耗尽”，故用give out。give away 赠送，泄露；give in屈服，投降；give off 释放，放出。经典句式(1)with the hands pressed together双手合十。该结构是with的复合结构，pressed是press的过去分词，作hands的补足语。过去分词强调与其逻辑主语是被动关系并已完成。
(2)在with复合结构中，可作补足语的成分有：名词、介词短语、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等。归纳拓展
In Thailand and other parts of South--East Asia，the normal greeting is a slight bow with the hands pressed together.
在泰国和东南亚的其他一些地区，通常的问候方式是双手合十并微微鞠躬。(1)The thief was being questioned by the police with his hands tied on the back.
那个小偷正在接受警察的询问，他的双手被绑在背后。
(2)He stood at the door with his eyes looking at the sky.
他站在门口，眼望天空。
(3)He lay there thinking，with his hands behind his head.
他双手放在头下，躺在那里思考着。
(4)He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl.
他去世时，他女儿还是个学生。语境助记题组训练(1)理了发，他显得年轻多了。
，he looked much younger.
(2)你认识那个抱婴儿的女士吗？
Do you know the lady ?With his hair cutwith a baby in her arms(3)With the price of pork and eggs quickly，CPI has become a hot phrase among Chinese.
A.climbing B.climbed
C.to climb D.climb 答案 解析考查with复合结构。句意为：随着猪肉和鸡蛋价格的迅速上涨，“消费物价指数”成为中国人的热门词汇。price与climb是主动关系，且此处不表示动作将要发生，故用现在分词作宾补。√句中dislike是及物动词，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语为when引导的从句。有类似用法还有：like，love，enjoy，hate等表示情感的动词；动词为appreciate时，后面用if从句作真正的宾语。归纳拓展
They dislike it when people do not look at the cards，so remember not to just put them in your pocket without looking.他们不喜欢人们不看名片，所以要记住，不要看都不看就把名片塞进口袋。(1)I like it when there are friends around me.
我喜欢有朋友和我在一起。
(2)He disliked it when she behaved badly in front of his mother.
他讨厌她在他母亲面前举止失当。
(3)I’d appreciate it if you do me a favor.
如果你帮我个忙的话，我会非常感谢。语境助记题组训练(1)我讨厌人们哭。
people cry.
(2)我喜欢你给我带礼物来。
you bring me presents.I hate it whenI like/love it when(3)I dislike when others laugh at me in public or think poorly of me behind.
A.that B.those
C.it D.them 答案 解析句意为：我不喜欢别人在公众场合嘲笑我，或者在背后说我的坏话。I dislike/hate/like it when...我不喜欢/讨厌/喜欢……。√当堂达标Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He made a rude (手势) at the drive of the other car.
2.The children are quite healthy although they all have (轻微的) colds at the moment.
3.Christmas is almost here.Please send my Christmas to her.
4.The key to good sales of our exports is to improve their quality.
5.You’d better not talk about politics and with strangers.gestureslightgreetingsensuringreligionⅡ.选词填空
be aware of，give out，take up，hold out，make sense
6.I badminton recently and play it almost every day.
7.Seeing the waiter coming here，John his cup for more coffee.
8.You should the dangers if you continue smoking.
9.It doesn’t to explain it to him because he doesn’t care for it.
10.He after the long walk.have taken upheld outbe aware ofmake sensegave outⅢ.完成句子
11.尽管他们是我的邻居，我对他们了解得并不多。
，I do not know them well.
12.我不知道长大以后要干什么。
I I plan to be when I grow up.
13.我认为大声朗读对我们学习外语很重要。
I think is very important for us to learn a foreign language.While they are my neighbourshave no idea whatreading aloud14.约翰收到了晚宴的邀请，因为他的工作完成了，他欣然接受了邀请。
John received an invitation to dinner，and ，he gladly accepted it.
15.如果您让我继续做这份工作，我将不胜感激。
I’d you let me go on with the job.with his work finishedappreciate it ifⅣ.单项填空
16.—Have you got used to your school life here?
—Yes，but I dislike when we have to do exercise on cold winter mornings. (2017·连云港灌南中学高二月考)
A.that B.it
C.those D.this 答案 解析句意为：——你习惯这里的学习生活了吗？——是的，但是我不喜欢我们在寒冷的冬天的早晨做操。此处是it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是when引导的从句，故选B项。√17. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog them.(2017·连云港灌南中学高二月考)
A.to follow B.following
C.followed D.follows 答案 解析句意为：这对老夫妇经常在晚饭后带着他们的宠物狗在公园里散步。此处是with复合结构，pet dog与follow之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾补。√18.Once your money has been in a strange city，what will you do？(2017·东海中学高二检测)
A.given out B.put up
C.run out D.used up 答案 解析句意为：在陌生的城市里一旦你的钱用光了，你怎么办？give out 和run out意为“用光”，但都是不及物动词短语，没有被动语态；put up张贴，意思不符；use up用光，是及物动词短语，故选D项。√19. Before you start work，I’ll show you the building so that you can meet everyone.
A.off B.out
C.around D.up 答案 解析句意为：在你开始上班之前，我将带你到楼里各处看看，好让你和大家见见面。此处为“带某人参观、 到处转转”之意，应用show sb. around。show off炫耀，卖弄；show sb. out带某人出去；show sb. up揭发某人。√20. We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all .
A.given away B.kept away
C.taken up D.used up 答案 解析句意为：我们努力找一个有七个座位的桌子，但是它们都被占了。give away分发，泄露；keep away不接近，使离开；take up占用(时间、空间等)；use up用完，用光。√写作专题——Writing a letter of apology写作指导常用表达典题示例写作指导道歉信通常是出于未完成任务等或因个人失误对他人造成不良影响等原因写信致歉并且希望得到对方谅解的一种应用文体。
道歉信主要是向收信人表明歉意，请求对方谅解自己的过失。写道歉信时要明确不是找借口为自己辩护，而是承认自己的过错并提出弥补过错的具体方法。1.道歉信的结构
(1)首段：简要叙述自己做错的事情，表示歉意。
(2)正文段：说明道歉的具体原因，应尽量详述做错事的经过。写信时应该注意在申述时要照顾读信人的感受。
(3)结尾段：再次表明承认错误的态度，请求收信人的谅解，也可以提出补救的方法。2.道歉信的语言特点
在说明情况与理由时，要实事求是，语言要简明扼要，态度要诚恳。另外用词要委婉，语气要温和得体。
譬如，口气诚恳，说清楚为何你觉得要道歉以及日后你希望怎样补救。不要忘了两点：检讨自己和感谢对方。常用表达1.Once again，I’m sorry for any inconvenience I caused.
2.I sincerely hope you will be able to think in my situation and accept my apologies.
3.Please allow me to say sorry again.
4.Please accept my apologies for my oversight.
5.I feel badly sorry about it and want you to know what happened.
6.I would like to give you my apology for...
7.Please accept my sincere apology for...
8.Please forgive me for a stupid choice of words.典题示例假设你是Mary，你和你的好朋友Hans因为组织班级活动时意见不一致而发生争吵，当时你的态度很不好，结果对他造成了不好的影响。现在你后悔了，想向他道歉，可是他一直不理你。请写一封信向他表达你的歉意，并请求他原谅你。Step One 审题谋篇
1.时态：本文以一般现在时为主，根据需要也可用现在完成时或一般过去时。
2.人称：以第一人称和第二人称为主。
3.目的：真诚道歉，请求原谅。写作步骤Step Two 联想词汇
1.在过去的几天里 _________________
2.进行深刻的思考 ______________________
3.要说 _____________
4.来自我的心底 ______________________________
5.接受我的道歉 _________________
6.对……粗鲁 ___________
7.是某人的错 ____________in the past few daysdo a lot of hard thinkingbe about to saycome from the bottom of my heartaccept my apologybe rude to...be one’s faultStep Three 句式升级
1.我要说的一切都是发自内心。我想让你知道这一点。
Everything that I am about to say comes from the bottom of my heart. (简单句)
everything that I am about to say comes from the bottom of my heart.(宾语从句)I want you to know it.I want you to know that2.我们的友谊如此珍贵，所以我们不能因为一次愚蠢的争吵而失去它。
Our friendship is very valuable，
.(so连接的并列句)
Our friendship is over a silly argum-ent.(so...that...)so we can’t lose it over a silly argu-so valuable that we can’t lose itment3.我想说清楚的是，我很抱歉，这是我专门给你写的信。
I am very sorry and this is a special letter from me to you， .(which引导定语从句)
I want to I am very sorry and this is a special letter from me to you.(it作形式宾语)which Imake it clear thatwant to make clearStep Four 连句成篇
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________Dear Hans，
In the past few days I have done a lot of hard thinking about what happened last week.
I want you to know that everything that I am about to say comes from the bottom of my heart.I know that it will be very difficult for you to accept my apology，but I want you to think about our friendship as well.The main reason why I decide to write you this letter is that our friendship is so valuable that we can’t lose it over a silly argument.I know I should not have been so rude to you.I admit that it was my fault.________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________ I want to make it clear that I am very sorry and this is a special letter from me to you，and I hope you can forgive me.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours truly，
Mary课件48张PPT。Unit 3 Understanding each other基础自测 内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage语法专题基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. n.期望，盼望
v.期望，盼望
2. n.皇帝
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. 与……有联系
2. 给某人提供某物
3. 更不用说expectationexpectemperorbe connected withprovide sb.with sth.let aloneⅢ.重点句式One reason why...is that... there are so many French words in English the French ruled England for quite a number of years.
英语中有许多法语单词的一个原因是法国曾统治英国很多年。One reason whyis that要点探究重点词汇经典句式(1)expectation n.期望，盼望
meet/live up to one’s expectations不辜负某人的期望
beyond expectations料想不到
beyond one’s expectation 出乎某人的意料
(2)expect sb.to do sth.期望某人做某事
I learnt that expectations at weddings can be quite different.
我了解到人们对于婚礼的期望是十分不同的。归纳拓展重点词汇(1)This computer will certainly live up to all your expectations if you buy it，sir.
先生，如果你买下这台电脑，它一定不会让你失望的。
(2)The Spring Festival didn’t turn out as exciting，which was beyond our expectation.
春节没有来得那么令人激动，这是我们所没有料想到的。语境助记(1)我们期望你取得更大的进步。
We you .
(2)这个男孩很伤心，因为他辜负了父母的期望。
The boy felt sad，for he failed to .题组训练expectto make greater progresslive up to his parents’ expectations(3)We can’t one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.
A.hope B.wait
C.expect D.imagine√ 答案 解析句意为：我们不能期望一个人在这样短的时间内改变一辈子养成的习惯。expect期望，盼望，表示认为有很大的客观可能性，expect是表示“期待”，而wait for是表示“等待”，词义完全不同。注意hope后不能接sb.to do sth.。imagine sb.doing sth.。
let alone更不用说
let/leave sb.alone任由某人……；不打扰某人
let/leave sth.alone别碰某物；别管某物In his youth，however，he never left his home town，let alone travelled to another country...
但是，在他年轻时，他从没有离开过自己的家乡，更不用说去其他国家了……归纳拓展(1)I can’t afford to pay my bills，let alone buy a new car.
我连日常花销都支付不起，更不用说买新车了。
(2)When my father is upset，he would rather we left him alone.
当我的父亲烦恼的时候，他希望我们不打扰他。语境助记let alone，not to mention
(1)let alone多用于否定句中，后加的一项是递进关系，是较之前的更加不可能的事。
(2)not to mention在列举的几项后再加一项，前后是并列关系，多在肯定句中使用。易混辨析题组训练用let alone，not to mention填空
(1)Pollution has a negative effect on the health of everyone living in the city， the damage to the environment.
(2)He hasn’t enough money for food， amusements.
(3)They have three dogs to look after， the cat and the bird.
(4)The baby can’t even sit up yet， walk!not to mentionlet alonenot to mentionlet aloneOne reason why there are so many French words in English is that the French ruled England for quite a number of years.
英语中有许多法语单词的一个原因是法国曾统治英国很多年。经典句式(1)One reason why...is that...意为“……的一个原因是……”，reason后的why引导的是定语从句；that引导的是表语从句，既不能省略也不能用because代替。
(2)先行词reason后接定语从句，如定语从句中缺少原因状语，则用why引导；若缺少宾语，则用that或which引导，也可省略。归纳拓展(1)One reason why he didn’t come is that he was ill.
他没有来的一个原因是他生病了。
(2)One reason why Tom and I were so close was that I was willing to take all his problems.
我跟汤姆之所以如此亲密，其原因之一就是我乐意接受他的全部问题。语境助记题组训练(1)他迟到的原因是没赶上公共汽车。
he was late is he didn’t catch the bus.
(2)这就是他在会上为他工作中的粗心所解释的理由吗？
Is this the reason at the meeting for his careles-sness in his work?The reason whythat(that/which) he explained(3)The reason he gave for being late was he forgot to use the alarm clock.
A.which；because B.why；because
C.which；that D.that；because 答案 解析由句子结构知第一个空为定语从句的引导词，先行词为reason，定语从句中缺少gave的宾语，应选that/which，也可以省略；第二空为表语从句的引导词，当reason作主语时，其表语从句只能用that引导，切忌使用why或because。√当堂达标Ⅰ.词形变换
1.The girl is working hard to live up to the teacher’s
(expect).
2.He said that some words were (connect) with food or eating.
3.A lot of words for (entertain) also come from French.
4.Words (take) from the French language include words for jobs.
5.There are about twenty people in the hall， (include) ten girls.expectationsconnectedentertainmenttakenincludingⅡ.完成句子
6.这家旅馆为客人们提供免费早餐。
The hotel free breakfast.
7.我们必须种树的原因是它们能给我们提供新鲜的空气。
we have to grow trees they can provide us with fresh air.
8.解决这个问题你不会有困难的。
You won’t the problem.provides guests withThe reason whyis thathave trouble/difficulty (in)solving9.他们的父母都没钱让孩子吃饭了，更不用说送他们去上学了。
Their parents have no money to feed the children， .
10.别担心你会有负众望。尽力就是了。
Don’t be afraid you .Just try your best.let alone send themto schoolcan’t live up to expectationsⅢ.单项填空
11. Researchers are puzzled over the results，which were completely opposite to what they .(2017·扬州中学高二期中)
A.expect B.expected
C.had expected D.were expecting 答案 解析句意为：研究者对这些结果很是迷惑，因为这些结果完全与他们期望的相反。此处表示发生在“过去的过去”的动作，用过去完成时。√12.The movie，Pirates of the Caribbean 4 is well and lives up to the ____
which is established by the first 3 series. (2017·徐州沛县二中高二月考)
A.received；expectation B.received；reputation
C.accepted；contribution D.accepted；civilization 答案 解析句意为：电影《加勒比海盗4》很受欢迎，完全符合前三部建立起来的名声。received受欢迎的；reputation名声。故选B项。√13. The reason he was absent is his mother was ill.(2017·扬州中学高二月考)
A.why；that B.that；that
C.that；because D.why；because 答案 解析句意为：他缺席的原因是他妈妈病了。第一空引导定语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，故用why引导；第二空引导表语从句，从句中不缺主语或者宾语，故用that引导。√14. —Are you getting a new computer this week?
—You must be joking! I can’t afford to pay my school fees， buy a new computer.
A.let alone B.let down
C.or rather D.other than 答案 解析答语句意为：你一定在开玩笑！我连学费都支付不起，更别说买一台新电脑了。let alone意为“更不用说”。√15.Though America is the strongest country， countries look on it as the leader of the world now. (2017·徐州沛县二中高二月考)
A.not every B.each
C.all D.not all 答案 解析句意为：虽然美国是最强的国家，但是现在并不是所有国家都把它作为世界的领导。根据句中的countries可排除A、B两项，此处是部分否定，故选D项。√语法专题——虚拟语气(Ⅰ)语法感知 语法精析高考链接用所给词的适当形式填空
1.You probably wouldn’t get much sleep if you (live) near where a wedding reception was being held.
2.If I had time tomorrow，I (help) you.
3.If I had known your telephone number，I
(telephone) you.
4.If he (come) here yesterday，he would have visited you.
5. he (tell) the truth，he wouldn’t be punished now.语法感知livedwould helpwould have telephonedhad comeHadtold6.Should I have time，I (call) on her.
7.If I (be) you，I would choose to work in a small town.
8.If it (not，be) for your help yesterday，I couldn’t have caught the bus.would callwerehad not been语法精析一、虚拟语气简介
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
在条件句中，只有是非真实条件句时，才用虚拟语气。这里重要的就是要通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现的是真实条件句，就不能使用虚拟语气，反之，则是非真实条件句，要使用虚拟语气。二、虚拟语气中if条件句型If I were in school again，I would work harder.
如果我再重返校园的话，我会更努力地学习。
If my lawyer had been here last Saturday，he would have prevented me from going.
如果我的律师上星期六在这里的话，他就会阻止我离去了。
If there should be a meeting tomorrow，I would come.
如果明天有会议的话，我会来的。三、if条件句转换成倒装
if虚拟条件句中含有should，were，had时，可把这些词移至主语前构成倒装句并省略if。上面三个句子可以作如下的转换：
Were I in school again，I would work harder.
Had my lawyer been here last Saturday，he would have prevented me from going.
Should there be a meeting tomorrow，I would come.题组训练Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Were it not for the snowy weather，we (be) all right.
2.Had the captain been more careful，his ship (not，sink).
3.If you (ask) your father，you (get) permission.
4.Were he to leave today，he (get) there by Friday.
5.If you (come) to my house yesterday，you would have seen John.would bewouldn’t have sunkaskedmight getwould gethad comeⅡ.句型转换
1. If you had come earlier yesterday，you would have seen the famous astronaut.
earlier yesterday，you would have seen the famous astronaut.
2. If our car hadn’t broken down on the way，we wouldn’t have been caught by the rain.
broken down on the way，we wouldn’t have been caught by the rain.HadyoucomeHadourcarnot3.If she were to be here next Sunday，I would tell her about the matter.
to be here next Sunday，I would tell her about the matter.
4.If it had not been for the timely rain，we would have lost everything.
for the timely rain，we would have lost everything.
5.If they should refuse our request，we could show them this picture.
refuse our request，we could show them this picture.WeresheHaditnotbeenShouldthey高考链接1.If it for his invitation the other day，I should not be here now.(2016·江苏，27)
A.had not been B.should not be
C.were not to be D.should not have been 答案 解析考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为：如果不是他前几天邀请我，我现在就不会在这里了。根据句子结构和句意可知，此处为虚拟语气，再结合时间状语the other day可知，这是对过去行为的虚拟，故if从句要用过去完成时。√12345678910112.Had the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDS--related deaths since their highest in 2005.(2016·浙江，15)
A.had not fallen B.would not fall
C.did not fall D.would not have fallen 答案 解析句意为：如果政府和科学家不共同努力，艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降。使用虚拟语气，if条件句用的had done，而且省略if，将had提前，主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选D。√12345678910113.I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadn’t been wearing one，I .
(2016·天津，15)
A.were injured
B.would be injured
C.had been injured
D.would have been injured 答案 解析句意为：我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带，我就会受伤了。使用虚拟语气，根据if条件句用的had done可知，主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟，而且I和injure是被动关系。故选D。√12345678910114.Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you me，I could have helped.(2016·北京，34)
A.told B.had told
C.were to tell D.would tell 答案 解析句意为：你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到的麻烦？如果你告诉我的话，我就可以帮助你了。根据第一句可知，此处是对过去发生的事情的虚拟，故if条件句用过去完成时。√12345678910115.If I it with my own eyes，I wouldn’t have believed it.
(2015·北京，34)
A.didn’t see B.weren’t seeing
C.wouldn’t see D.hadn’t seen 答案 解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果不是亲眼看到，我就不会相信这件事。由主句中的谓语动词wouldn’t have believed 可知是对过去情况的虚拟，虚拟条件句的谓语动词应用过去完成时。√12345678910116. no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.(2014·福建，32)
A.Were there B.Had there been
C.If there are D.If there have been 答案 解析考查if虚拟条件句中的倒装。根据主句中的would have to以及句意可知，本句是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句应用一般过去时。当虚拟条件句中有had，should，were时，可以将if省略，然后把had，should，were提到主语前面。故选A项。√12345678910117. the morning train，he would not have been late for the meeting.(2014·天津，15)
A.Did he catch B.Should he catch
C.Has he caught D.Had he caught 答案 解析考查if虚拟条件句中的倒装。根据句中的“would not have been”可知是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故从句中用had done。在if虚拟条件句中，当句中有should，were或had时，可将if省略，并把should，were或had提到主语的前面构成部分倒装，故选D项。√12345678910118.If Mr.Dewey present，he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.(2014·湖南，22)
A.were B.had been
C.should be D.was 答案 解析考查虚拟语气。根据主语的谓语动词形式可知，题干表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，故选B项。√12345678910119.We back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.
(2014·北京，34)
A.are B.were
C.will be D.would be 答案 解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果你不丢失地图的话，我们现在已经回到旅馆了。由now知此处为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，主句用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”，故选D项。√123456789101110.—Do you think George has passed the driving test?
—No.If so，he his car to our college yesterday.(2013·福建，30)
A.would drive B.drove
C.would have driven D.had driven 答案 解析句意为：——你认为George通过驾照考试了吗？——没有。如果通过的话，昨天他会开车来我们学院。本题表达的是对过去事实的假设，句子结构为：If...had done...，...would(might，could) have done...。√123456789101111.I should not have laughed if I you were serious.(2013·江苏，30)
A.thought B.would think
C.had thought D.have thought 答案 解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果我当时想到你是认真的，我就不会笑了。由句意知，此句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故从句结构为had done。√1234567891011课件10张PPT。Unit 3 Understanding each otherStep One 构词助记Step Two 词义助记内容索引Step Three 语境助记Vocabulary BreakthroughStep One 构词助记A组(前缀)
sure adj.→ v.保证，担保，确保
tell v.→ v.复述，转述
B组(后缀)
accustom v.→ adj.习惯于；惯常的
celebrate v.→ n.庆祝活动；庆典
expect v.→ n.期望，盼望
greet v.→ n.问候，问候语
brave adj.→ n.勇敢ensureretellaccustomedcelebrationexpectationgreetingbraveryC组(合成)
n.＋n.→ n.新郎
prep.＋adv.→ prep.&adv.自始至终
n.＋n.→ n.焰火；烟花
D组(转化)
v.?n. 许可证
adj.?adv. 十分相像地；同样地
n.?v. 伪装，掩饰
adj.?n. 音乐剧
n.?adj. 清楚的，明显的
vt.?adj. 烤的，焙的
v.?n. 蒸气bridegroomthroughoutfireworkpermitalikemaskmusicalplainroaststeamStep Two 词义助记A组(同义词)
guarantee v.? v.
allow v.? v.
used adj.? adj.
description n.? n.B组(反义词)
strange adj.? adj.
C组(形近词)
adapt v.?v. 适应；调整
majority n.?n. 少数民族；少数ensurepermitaccustomedaccountfamiliaradjustminorityStep Three 语境助记1.背诵经典 The bride and bridegroom greeted everyone congratula-ting them at the wedding.
规范默写 2.背诵经典 The Maori boy familiar with local features showed us around the mysterious caves.
规范默写 3.背诵经典 Police asked the man who was robbed by two people wearing masks to give a full account of what had happened.
规范默写 4.背诵经典 You’re permitted to attend the party in celebration of the Queen’s birthday，but you can’t take your knife，let alone your gun.
规范默写 课件64张PPT。Unit 4 Helping people around the world基础自测 课文预读内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period Four Project基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. n.承诺，保证；奉献，投入；不得不做的事
2. n.同事
3. n.助理，助手
adj.助理的，副的
v.帮助；援助
4. adj.空着的，未被占用的；(职位)空缺的
5. adj.多泥的，泥泞的
n.泥土commitmentcolleagueassistantassistvacantmuddymud6. n.住所；藏身之处
7. n.人群
vi.&vt.挤满，使拥挤，塞满
adj.拥挤的
8. n.全体员工
9. n.障碍，隔阂；屏障，障碍物
10. n.口译译员，口译工作者
v.口译；解释sheltercrowdcrowdedstaffbarrierinterpreterinterpretⅡ.重点短语
1. 处于混乱状态
2. 逃向
3. 得到；抓住
4. 让某人想起……，提醒某人……
5. 局限于，仅限于
6. 回想
7. 有作用(关系、影响)in chaosflee toget hold ofremind somebody ofbe limited tothink back tomake a differenceⅢ.重点句式1.不定式作结果状语Arrived here .
来到这里后发现一切都是乱糟糟的。2.as引导非限制性定语从句The situation is very different here， .
这里的情形很不一样，存在的问题也不同。to find everything was in chaosas are the problems3.make＋宾语＋宾语补足语Instead of sand blowing everywhere，there is mud and water every-where， from place to place.
这里没有随处飞扬的沙尘，但到处都是泥浆和水，因此从一个地方转移到另一个地方非常艰难。making it difficult to travel课文预读123Ⅰ.课文阅读理解
1.The author arrived at the island to find everything was .
A.in order B.in chaos
C.in danger D.in good condition√ 答案2.While in Sudan，the author and the other members of the medical team had a campaign in .
A.cities B.villages
C.schools D.hospitals√ 答案1233.How do they communicate with the local people when helping them?
A.By speaking the local people’s language.
B.By singing or dancing.
C.By speaking English or French or using acting skills.
D.Just by body language.√ 答案123Ⅱ.课文阅读填空jobProblemsblowingfailsaccesslackgainingcomfortattackedworthwhileⅢ.课文阅读简答
1.Why did Doctors without Borders’ nurse go to Africa?
2.Write down the major problems happening in the flooded areas.
3.How does the nurse communicate with those who can’t speak English or French?
Because of the flood.Lack of medication，shelter，and food.Through body language.4.In what ways does Doctors without Borders’ nurse help people?
By being a nurse and being a person listening to and comforting others.要点探究重点词汇经典句式
Changing the world—my commitment
改变世界——我的义务重点词汇归纳拓展(1)commitment n.承诺，保证；投入，奉献；不得不做的事
make a commitment (to do sth.)做出承诺(做某事)
meet one’s commitment履行承诺(2)commit v.犯(错误，罪行)；承诺，保证
commit a crime犯罪
commit suicide自杀
commit to doing...答应做……
commit oneself to doing sth.答应做某事(1)One hundred percent commitment to your studies will leave precious marks on your youth.
百分百的致力于你的学习会在你的少年时期留下珍贵的印记。
(2)Once you make a commitment，you will have to meet your commitment.
一旦做出承诺，你就必须履行。
(3)If you commit a crime，you can never escape being punished.
如果你犯了罪，你永远不会逃脱受惩罚。语境助记(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①On balance，I think I would rather not commit myself to (go) with you.
②We made a (commit) to keep working together.题组训练goingcommitment(2)When we were at school，we made a to work together in the future，but he broke his promise later.
A.commitment B.contribution
C.presentation D.consequence√ 答案 解析考查名词词义辨析。句意为：当我们在学校时，我们承诺将来一起工作。但后来他却没有遵守诺言。commitment承诺；contribution贡献；presentation赠送；consequence 结果。
in chaos处于混乱状态
bring chaos to...使……一片狼藉
cause chaos导致混乱Arrived here to find everything was in chaos.
到达这里后发现一切都是乱糟糟的。归纳拓展(1)During the war，the country was in chaos.
战争期间那个国家处于混乱状态。
(2)The new road construction has caused total chaos in the city.
新道路的建设使得整个城市一片混乱。语境助记题组训练(1)一群孩子使房间一片狼藉。
A group of children have the room.
(2)到家时，他发现一切都乱七八糟。
He found everything when he got home.brought chaos toin chaos
One of the health problems is that people who need to take medicines regularly cannot get hold of them in a disaster such as this.有关健康的难题之一是：那些需要定期服药的病人遇到这样的灾难后无法得到药品。get/catch/take hold of 抓住，握住
keep hold of 握紧
have a hold over...对……有影响归纳拓展(1)Get hold of the rope，or you will fall.
抓住绳子，否则你会掉下来的
(2)She tried to keep hold of the child’s hand.
她尽力握紧那孩子的手。语境助记题组训练(1)抓住这个好机会，否则你会后悔的。
the good chance，or you will regret.Catch/Get/Take hold of(2)As a grassroots singer，she reads everything she can concerning music，and takes every opportunity to improve herself.(2014·福建，33)
A.catch sight of B.get hold of
C.take charge of D.make mention of√ 答案考查动词短语辨析。句意为：作为一名草根歌手，她读了她能够找到的一切与音乐有关的东西，并且抓住一切机会提高自己。get hold of找到，得到，抓住，符合句意。catch sight of看见；take charge of负责；make mention of提到。 解析
(1)crowd n.人群；v.挤满；塞满；使拥挤
a crowd of/crowds of 很多
crowd into...挤进……
(2)crowded adj.拥挤的
be crowded with...挤满了……This morning，there were fights as crowds of people tried to get food.
今天上午，几群人由于争抢食物发生了好几次打斗。归纳拓展(1)A crowd of people were gathering when the accident happened.
当事故发生时，一大群人正聚拢来。
(2)We all crowded into her office to sing “Happy Birthday”.
我们都涌入她办公室，唱“祝你生日快乐”。
(3)The hall is too crowded，so we’d better not enter it.
大厅里太挤了，我们最好不进去了。语境助记题组训练(1)句型转换
The shop is filled with people on Sundays.
The shop people on Sundays.
(2)听到这个消息，这些人都涌入了办公室里。
Hearing the news，the people all .iscrowdedwithcrowded into the office
remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事；提醒某人某事
remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事
remind sb.(that)...提醒(某人)注意……
remind sb.what/when/where...提醒某人……It reminded me of my time in Sudan，where several Doctors without Borders staff were attacked as people tried to get the food.这使我想起了在苏丹的那段时间，当时人们哄抢食物，有好几名“无国界医生组织”的工作人员受到了攻击。归纳拓展(1)The picture reminded me of my school days.
这张照片使我想起了我的学生时代。
(2)Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow.
请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。
(3)She reminded me that I hadn’t watered the flowers.
她提醒我还没有浇花。语境助记题组训练(1)我忘了提醒他面试的时间。
I forgot to him the time for the interview.
(2)我需要这些笔记来提醒我该说些什么。
I need the notes to .remindofremind me what to say(3)The forgetful manager is often to attend some meetings by his secretary.
A.demanded B.reminded
C.required D.hoped√ 答案remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事，该处用其被动形式。 解析
When I think back to all the experiences that I have had around the world since joining Doctors without Borders，I feel that I have been very lucky to be able to help others and do something worthwhile.
回想起我加入“无国界医生组织”以来在世界各地的所有经历，我觉得自己非常幸运，能够帮助别人，做一些有价值的事情。think back to回想
think of考虑；想出；想象
think highly/well of高度评价
think little/badly of认为不好
think up想出，编造出归纳拓展(1)The photographs made me think back to my schooldays.
这些照片使我想起我的学生时代。
(2)Most of us think highly of him.
我们大多数人对他高度评价。
(3)She was trying to think up an excuse.
她在努力编出一个借口。语境助记题组训练(1)我不断回想起我刚到这儿的那一天的情景。
I keep the day I arrived here.thinking back to(2)Seeing this，he his childhood yesterday.
A.thinks back B.thinks back to
C.thought back to D.thought up√ 答案think back to回想起。根据yesterday可知答案为C。 解析
I know I can’t change the whole world，but I’m proud that I can help here and there，and make a difference to people’s lives.我知道我无法改变整个世界，但我很自豪，因为我到各处给人们提供帮助，改变他们的生活。make a difference (to sb./sth.) (对……)有作用(关系、影响)
make no/little/much/some difference (to sb./sth.) (对……)没有/几乎没有/有很大/有些影响
make all the difference (to sb./sth.) (对……)关系重大，大不相同
tell the difference between A and B 区分A和B的不同归纳拓展(1)One false step will make a great difference.
失之毫厘，谬以千里。
(2)Anyone with any common sense can tell the difference between the two.
任何具有常识的人都能区分这两者之间的不同。语境助记题组训练(1)在适当的时候说几句体贴话效果迥然不同。
A few kind words at the right time .make all the difference(2)The boy is old enough to the difference right and wrong.
A.speak；from B.tell；between
C.say；of D.judge；from√ 答案句意为：这个男孩已经长大了，能够辨别是非了。tell the difference between...and...区分出……和……的不同。 解析
Instead of sand blowing everywhere，there is mud and water everywhere，making it difficult to travel from place to place.
这里没有随处飞扬的沙尘，但到处都是泥浆和水，因此从一个地方转移到另一个地方非常艰难。经典句式(1)making it difficult to travel为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语＋to do”的形式，即make的复合结构；it是形式宾语，后边的不定式短语是真正的宾语。
(2)英语中有些动词，如：find，feel，think，make等后面可跟复合结构，在这种复合结构中，真正的宾语可以是不定式、动名词或that从句等，而it作形式宾语。归纳拓展(1)He made it a rule to check his homework carefully before handing it in.
他每次总是把家庭作业仔细检查一遍才上交。
(2)I think it important to learn English well.
我觉得学好英语是很重要的。
(3)Do you consider it necessary that they should send more people over there?
你觉得他们有必要再派一些人去那儿吗？语境助记题组训练(1)他们发现和我们中国人一起工作很愉快。
They that they worked with us Chinese.found it pleasant(2)Susan made clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.(2014·山东，4)
A.that B.this
C.it D.her 答案 解析√考查代词。根据句意和句子结构可知从句“她想为自己创造新生活”是make的真正宾语。故空格处应填入形式宾语it。当堂达标Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He gave the stranger (住所) as long as he could.
2.To me，the first thing is to overcome the language ，or it will be difficult to live here.
3.The town is in after the battle.
4.The position of chairman has been for some time.
5.Our company has a (保证) to quality and customer service. shelterbarrierchaosvacantcommitment6.The (潮湿的) air makes my old bones hurt.
7.A huge (人群) gathered in a square.
8.Her (助手) was accused of theft and fraud by the police.dampcrowdassistantⅡ.选词填空
get hold of，remind...of，flee to，think back to，make a difference
9.When I my days in the remote village，I feel warm.
10.The photos often him the golden years of his life.
11.It to me what you will say about my performance.
12.Where can I some stamps?
13.Many German artists America at the beginning of World War Ⅱ.think back toremindmakes a differenceget hold offled toofⅢ.完成句子
14.他认为帮助别人是他的职责。
He others.
15.他匆忙地赶到机场，却被告知那位电影明星已经离开了。
He hurried to the airport that the film star had left.
16.不要错过这个可以实现你的梦想的机会。
Don’t miss .thinks it his duty to helponly to be toldthe chance to realize your dream17.提醒我在出去之前给我妈妈打电话。
before I go out.
18.正如预料的那样，她再次缺席。
She has been absent again， .Remind me to phone my motheras is expectedⅣ.单项填空
19.There is no simple answer, is often the case in science.
(2015·山东，31)
A.as B.that
C.when D.where 答案 解析本句是as引导的非限制性定语从句，代指前面整个句子，在从句中作主语。as is often the case事实往往如此。√20.The man is such a person that there is no doubt that he will do whatever he has promised. (2017·盐城时杨中学高二调研)
A.committed B.sensitive
C.cautious D.reliable 答案 解析句意为：这个人很值得信赖，所以毫无疑问他会说到做到的。committed坚定的；sensitive敏感的；cautious谨慎的；reliable可靠的。由句意可知选D项。√21.—He dislikes when his children behave badly in front of others.
—So do I.(2017·沭阳高二期中)
A.that B./
C.it D.what 答案 解析句意为：——他不喜欢孩子们在别人面前表现不好。——我也是。此处是it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是when引导的从句。√22.What a shame! The playground was after the sports meeting.
A.in ruins B.in place
C.in chaos D.in charge 答案 解析句意为：真丢人！ 运动会后，操场一片狼藉。in ruins成为废墟；in place在适当的位置；in chaos处于混乱状态；in charge负责，主管。√23. not to drive after drinking，some drivers are still trying their luck，which is really dangerous.
A.Being reminded B.To remind
C.Having reminded D.Reminded 答案 解析句意为：尽管被提醒不要酒后开车，一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这十分危险。remind和其逻辑主语some drivers是动宾关系，也就是说，司机是被提醒的。故选D项。√课件73张PPT。Unit 4 Helping people around the world话题导入 Last Christmas was a very difficult time for me，for I was all alone in a rather cold California.I was working at the Southwest Airlines ticket counter. I saw an old man standing with a cane(手杖) at 9：00 p.m.on Christmas Eve.He told me that he had to go to New Orleans.I told him there were no more flights that night，but he kept saying，“She said I have to go to New Orleans.” Later，I found out that this old man was dropped off at the sidewalk by his sister-in-law and told to go to New Orleans，where he had family.She had given him some cash and told him to buy a ticket.I asked if he could come back tomorrow，but he said he had no place to stay and he would wait at the airport until tomorrow.I felt a little ashamed.Here I was feeling very sorry for myself about being alone on Christmas，when this angel named Clarence MacDonald was sent to remind me of what being alone really meant.Immediately，our Customer Service Agent helped to book him a seat for the earliest flight the next morning.When I saw that his leg was wrapped in a bandage. I called for a wheelchair.He said that he had just had surgery. I obtained a hotel for Mr.MacDonald for one night and a meal ticket for dinner and breakfast.As he left，he said，“Thank you，” bent his head and started to cry.I cried too.When I went back to thank my supervisor for her efforts，she just smiled，“I love stories like that；he is your Christmas Man.”根据上文完成下列各题
1.Why was last Christmas a difficult time for the author?
2.Why does the author feel ashamed?
3.Where did the man want to fly?
Because she was alone in California.Because the old man let her know the real meaning of being alone.New Orleans.基础自测 课文预读内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period One Welcome to the unit & Reading基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. n.& vt.缺乏
2. n.描写(文字)，形容，说明
vt.描写
3. adj.政治的；政府的
n.政治
4. adj.令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的
adj.有……价值；值得的
n.价值……的东西；意义；作用
adj.重要的；令人愉快的；值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)lackdescriptiondescribepoliticalpoliticsworthyworthworthwhile5. n.受害者
6. adj.平等的；同等的
n.同等的人；相等物
vt.与……相同或相等
7. adj.志愿的；自愿的；主动的
n.志愿者
8. vt.&vi.贡献；捐赠，捐助；促成，导致
n.贡献，捐献
9. vt.购得；获得，得到victimequalvoluntaryvolunteercontributecontributionacquire10. vi.&vt.扩展，发展(业务)；扩大，增强
n.扩大，扩张，扩展；膨胀
11. adj.紧急的，紧迫的
n.紧急，急迫
vt.敦促，力劝；竭力主张
n.强烈的欲望，迫切要求
12. n.饥饿；挨饿；饿死
v.饿死，挨饿expandexpansionurgenturgencyurgestarvationstarve13. vt.&vi.沸腾，煮沸；烹煮
14. n.(羊等的)绒，毛
15. vt.售得，卖得(某价)；取来，去拿来
16. n.出口产品，输出品；出口，输出
vt.&vi.出口，输出boilwoolfetchexportⅡ.重点短语
1. 与……相关，涉及；谈及；查阅，参考
2. 此外，除……以外(还)
3. 使(某人)察觉到
4. 在……的保护下，在……的管理下
5. (表示除……以外别无)除此之外；(表示除……以外尚有) 撇开……来说
6. 结果，因此
7. 用……装饰
8. 给某人提供某物refer toin additiondraw someone’s attention tounder the umbrella ofapart fromas a resultbe decorated withprovide sth.for sb.1.be＋adj.＋to do...Ⅲ.重点句式 This land but now water has been pumped into the fields.
这块地曾经很难耕种，但现在可以抽水灌溉了。What organizations of that can help with these situations?
你了解的什么样的组织能对这些情形有帮助？2.插入语was difficult to farmdo you know3.不定式作原因状语I feel very honoured take on this role.
能够担任这个角色，我感到非常荣幸。to have been able to课文预读Ⅰ.阅读课文，匹配各部分大意
1.Part 1 (Paras.1～3) A.The problems the UN helps to solve and the
goals they will reach.
2.Part 2 (Paras.4～5) B.Working as a UN Goodwill Ambassador and
a brief introduction to the UN.
3.Part 3 (Para.6) C.The work which the author has been doing
with the UN.124Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1.Which of the following is NOT the UN’s main purpose?
A.To keep international peace.
B.To develop friendly relationships among nations.
C.To work together in solving international political conflicts and in
promoting respect for human rights.
D.To be a centre of economy and culture in the world.√ 答案32.Where do the UN soldiers come from?
A.Every country in the world.
B.Different countries that belong to the UN.
C.The developed countries.
D.The developing countries.√ 答案12433.Which of the following is TRUE about the writer’s work in the UN?
A.It is well paid.
B.It involves taking part in peacekeeping operations.
C.It involves visiting countries where the UN has programmes to help
people.
D.It involves teaching women in South Africa to make baskets.√ 答案12434.According to a UN meeting in 2000，by the year 2015， .
A.everyone will be able to drink free water
B.all children will complete primary education
C.the diseases in the world will disappear
D.the women in South Africa will get rich√ 答案1243Ⅲ.课文阅读填空October192endassistsimprovesstarvationrelationshipspoliticalavailablecompleteⅣ.阅读课文，并以约30个词概括第二段(P50，L9－15)的段落大意。
This paragraph mainly tells us when the United Nations was founded and its member countries.At the same time，we can also learn something about the four main functions of this organization.要点探究重点词汇经典句式(1)lack n.& vt.缺乏
a lack of缺少……
for lack of因缺乏……
(2)be lacking in 缺乏(某种品质、特点等)When there is a lack of food，there is hunger.
当粮食缺乏时，就会有饥饿(发生)。归纳拓展重点词汇(1)He is good at his job，but he seems to lack confidence.
他工作不错，但似乎缺乏信心。
(2)Health problems are connected with a lack of exercise.
健康问题与缺乏锻炼有关系。
(3)Robin is not usually lacking in confidence.
罗宾平时并不缺乏自信心。语境助记(1)句型转换
He couldn’t send his children to school for lack of money.
，he couldn’t send his children to school.题组训练Lacking money(2)You know，he doesn’t money.His unhappiness is for ______
courage to face the fact.
A.lack of；lack B.lack；lack of
C.lack；shortage of D.lack of；a shortage of√ 答案 解析lack作及物动词时，后面直接跟名词；for lack of因缺少……；a shortage of缺少。
I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations，or the UN，as it is more often referred to.我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国，联合国也叫UN——这个名称更常用。(1)refer to谈及，提到；与……相关，涉及；参考，查阅
refer to...as...把……当作……；将……称作……
refer...to...将……送交给……(以求获得帮助等)
(2)reference n.提及，涉及；说到(或写到)的事；参考，查阅；
v.查阅，参考；给(书等)附参考资料归纳拓展(1)Don’t refer to your dictionary each time you meet unknown words.
遇到不认识的词，不要每次都查字典。
(2)He referred to global warming at least three times in his speech.
他在演讲中至少三次提到全球气候变暖。
(3)Keep the list of numbers near the phone for easy reference.
把电话号码表放在电话旁边，方便查找。语境助记题组训练(1)我翻阅了所有关于此事的文件。
I have examined all the documents the matter.
(2)路易斯·阿姆斯特朗被称作“爵士乐之王”。
Louis Armstrong the King of Jazz.referring tois referred to as(3)The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without his notes.
A.bringing up B.referring to
C.looking for D.trying on√ 答案由句意可知，此处应为“没有参考演讲稿”，refer to参考，查阅。 解析
With the help of these armies and other worthy organizations，the UN assists the victims of wars and disasters.在这些军队和其他一些可敬的组织的协助下，联合国为战争及灾难的受害者提供援助。worthy adj.令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的归纳拓展(1)He is a very worthy man，but a little dull.
他是一个非常值得尊敬的人，但是有点呆板。
(2)I think your proposal is worthy of consideration.
我认为你的提议值得考虑。语境助记worthy，worth，worthwhile易混辨析题组训练(1)用worthy，worth，worthwhile填空
①The book is well reading.
②His deed is of being praised.
③It is discussing the problem.worthworthyworthwhile(2)The teacher thinks it is to devote so much time to his students.
A.worth；worthwhile B.worthwhile；worthy
C.worthy；worth D.worthy；worthwhile√ 答案 解析句意为：这位令人尊敬的老师认为在他的学生身上花如此多的时间是值得的。worthy值得的，有价值的，可尊敬的；It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事。
(1)in addition(相当于副词)另外
in addition to(相当于介词，后加名词、代词、动名词)除……之外(还)
(2)additional adj.额外的In addition，the UN helps protect human rights and works to improve international laws，for example，those on child labour and on equal rights for minorities and women.此外，联合国还协助保护人权并致力于改进各种国际法律，例如，有关童工、少数民族及妇女的平等权利的法律。归纳拓展1(1)In addition，you should pay attention to your pronunciation.
另外，你要注意发音。
(2)He can also speak English in addition to French.
除了法语，他还会说英语。语境助记1题组训练1(1)这辆车看起来很美观，此外，它还能节省能源。
This car looks nice. ，it can save energy.
(2)除了一些面包之外，他们还买了许多水果。
They also bought a lot of fruit some bread.In additionin addition to(3) the school，the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support.(2014·天津，6)
A.In reply to B.In addition to
C.In charge of D.In place of√ 答案 解析考查介词短语辨析。句意为：除了学校，村庄还有一个诊所，也是由政府扶持建立的。由后面also一词可知，应填in addition to“除……之 外(还)”。(1)equal adj.平等的；同等的；能胜任的；n.同等的人；相等物；
vt.与……相同或相等
be equal in在……方面比得上
be equal to sth./doing sth.等于；与……相等；胜任做某事
be without equal/have no equal 无与伦比
(2)equally adv.相等地，相同地
(3)equality n.平等，同等；均等归纳拓展2(1)No one equals him in strength.
没有谁比得上他的力气。
(2)Diet and exercise are equally important.
饮食和锻炼同样重要。
(3)Don’t you believe in equality between men and women?
难道你不相信男女平等吗？语境助记2题组训练2(1)句型转换
①They are equal in ability.
They are .
②Jane is without equal in physics.
Jane in physics.ofabilityequalhasnoequal(2)I don’t think he is equal this kind of work，so I can’t hire him.
A.in doing B.doing
C.to do D.to doing√ 答案 解析be equal to doing...胜任做……，为固定短语，其中to为介词。
In addition，my visits will encourage people working on the projects and draw local people’s attention to the situation.此外，我的访问还会鼓励那些致力于联合国各种项目的人，吸引当地人对相关形势的注意力。draw one’s attention to... 使某人注意到……
attract/catch/get/come to one’s attention吸引/引起/得到某人的注意
bring sth.to one’s attention＝bring sth. to the attention of sb.使某人关注某事；使某事引起某人的注意
pay attention to...注意……归纳拓展(1)He drew my attention to the point I had overlooked.
他要我注意我疏忽的地方。
(2)The government must take measures to bring water pollution to the attention of the public.
政府必须采取措施让公众关注水污染的问题。
(3)Be sure to pay attention to protecting the environment and think of others when travelling.
外出旅游时务必注意保护环境，为他人着想。语境助记题组训练(1)句型转换
You should pay attention to the following matters.
You should the following matters.
(2)她试图引起服务员的注意。
She tried to .drawyourattentiontoattract/catch/get/come to the waiter’s attention(3)If the poor man hadn’t managed to the attention of the public for help，he would be dead now.
A.fetch B.focus
C.draw D.pay√ 答案 解析句意为：如果这个可怜的人没有设法吸引公众的注意来获得帮助，他现在已经死了。draw the attention of sb.吸引某人的注意。
(1)contribute v.捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致；投稿
contribute...to...把……贡献给……；给……投稿；把……捐赠给……
contribute to有助于；促成，起作用
(2)contribution n.贡献；捐款
make a contribution/contributions to对……作出贡献They collect approximately 1.35 yuan per day from each member and add it to some money contributed by the government.
她们每天从每个小组成员那里收取大约1.35元，将这些钱和政府捐助给她们的那些钱加在一起。归纳拓展(1)He contributed an article to China Daily.
他为《中国日报》撰写了一篇文章。
(2)Pollution from nearby factories has also contributed to the problem.
来自附近工厂的污染也是造成这一问题的原因。
(3)He has made great contributions to/made a great contribution to a space development program.
他对一项太空发展计划做出了很大的贡献。语境助记题组训练(1)他给慈善机构捐了很多钱。
He a lot of money the charity.
(2)高速公路的修建将有助于郊区的发展。
The construction of a highway will the growth of the subu-rbs.contributedtocontribute to(3)I hope your suggestions will contribute the problem.
A.to solve B.to solving
C.solve D.solved√ 答案 解析contribute to有助于，起作用，to是介词，后跟名词或动名词。
With luck their group will be able to expand and maybe set up a shop.
运气好的话，她们的小组还能够进一步扩大，或许还能开一个店铺。(1)expand vi.&vt.扩展；发展(业务)；扩大；增强
expand into/to...扩展为……
expand on 详细阐明
(2)expansion n.扩大，扩展；膨胀归纳拓展(1)We’ve expanded the business by opening two more stores.
我们增开了两个商店来扩展业务。
(2)Ten years later，the village expanded into/to a town.
十年后，这个村子发展成了一个城镇。
(3)I will expand on this problem next time.
下次我再详细谈这个问题。语境助记题组训练(1)孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。
A child’s vocabulary .
(2)请你把那一点详细说明一下好吗？
Could you ，please?
(3)五年后，那个小厂子扩大成为一个大公司。
Five years later，the small factory a big company.expands through readingexpand on that pointexpanded to/into
This land was difficult to farm but now water has been pumped into the fields.
这块地曾经很难耕种，但现在可以抽水灌溉了。经典句式归纳拓展(1)this land was difficult to farm是一个特殊句式，即“sth.＋be＋adj.＋to do...”句式。
(2)一般来说，不定式在easy，difficult，nice等形容词之后作状语，且不定式与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式常用主动语态表示被动含义。
(3)在这种句式中，不定式可以带上自己的逻辑主语，该逻辑主语通常由介词for引出；如果构成不定式的动词为不及物动词，那么该动词后常常会加上适当的介词。(1)The flat is comfortable to live in.
这套公寓住起来很舒适。
(2)The water is not fit to drink/to be drunk.
这水不适合饮用。语境助记题组训练(1)用适当的介词或所给词的适当形式填空
①This machine is very easy (operate).Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
②I like getting up early in summer.The morning air is so good
(breathe).
③The question was easy enough me to answer.to operateto breathefor(2)The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable .
A.held B.holding
C.be held D.to hold 答案 解析可认为comfortable后省略了hold的逻辑主语for sb.，故用主动形式表示被动意义。√当堂达标Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.It is (紧急的) that the patient should get to hospital.
2.A rescue team made up of 11 workers hurried to the area.
3.She (获得) a knowledge of Japanese when she was in Japan.
4.The businessman a lot of money to the church.
5.Many people died of as a result of the drought.
6.Police have issued a (描述) of the man who was aged between fifty and sixty.
7.We will be demanding rights at work.
8.The islands (出口) sugar and fruit.urgentvoluntaryacquiredcontributedstarvationdescriptionequalexportⅡ.选词填空
draw attention to，refer to，in addition to，under the umbrella of，set up
9. a good diet，she keeps on taking exercise to keep fit.
10.—You can’t take the book out of the reading room.
—It doesn’t matter.I just want to it for some figures.
11.When the sun started to go down，he stopped and a tent.
12.Many previously separate groups are now operating
a single authority.
13.Does he wear those ridiculous clothes to himself?In addition torefer toset upunder the umbr-ella ofdraw attention toⅢ.完成句子
14.正如报道中描述的那样，他是一个伟大的英雄。
He is a great hero， .
15.我筋疲力尽了。我整个下午一直在购物。
I’m tired out.I all afternoon.
16.你认为谁获得了第一名？
Who has got the first prize?as is described in the reporthave been shoppingdo you think17.由人类活动造成的灾难频频发生。
Disasters frequently occur.
18.这个问题难以解决。
The problem .caused by human activitiesis difficult to solveⅣ.单项填空
19.—How do you find the town you visited last Sunday?
—The town has changed out of all in the past few decades，a completely new one in front of me.(2017·宝应安宜高中高二期中)
A.realization B.description
C.expression D.recognition 答案 解析句意为：——你觉得上周日你参观的镇子怎么样？——在过去几十年里这个镇已经变得认不出了，在我面前的是一个全新的镇子了。realization意识；description描写；expression表达；recognition认出。由句意可知选D项。√20.The number of smokers， is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.(2015·江苏，21)
A.it B.which
C.what D.as 答案 解析考查定语从句的引导词。句意为：据报道，吸烟者的数量在仅仅一年内下降了17%。as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如……”。√21.Though experience，John has good techniques and is full of confidence.(2016·东台创新学校高二月考)
A.lacked B.lacking of
C.lacking D.lacked in 答案 解析考查状语从句中的省略。句意为：尽管约翰缺少经验，但他拥有好的技巧并充满自信心。lack为及物动词，可直接用lack sth.；be lacking in sth.中lacking为形容词；lack作名词时，与of搭配。故此空可填lacking或lacking in。√22. Sensible people don’t think it is to buy things which are not needed even at a low price.
A.worth B.worthy
C.worthless D.worthwhile 答案 解析句意为：明智的人认为不值得去买那些不需要的东西，哪怕是低价。由It is worthwhile to do sth.(值得去做某事)可知，D项正确。√23.An increase in the price of drugs has the rising cost of medical care.
A.contributed to B.turned to
C.got used to D.come to 答案 解析句意为：药品价格的上涨导致医疗费用日益增加。contribute to导致，相当于cause。turn to翻到，求助于；get used to习惯于；come to达到(某种状态)。√课件46张PPT。Unit 4 Helping people around the world基础自测 内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period Three Task写作专题基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. n.个人财产；拥有，具有
vt.占有；拥有
2. adj.多山的
n.山
3. n.手段，方法
4. adj.原始的
5. vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得
6. n.供暖；供暖系统，暖气设备
v.加热possessionpossessmountainousmountainmeansprimitiveobtainheatingheat7. n.井，水井
8. n.容器；集装箱
v.容纳
9. adj.麻烦的；讨厌的，棘手的
n.&v.麻烦
10. n.(通常指按周领的)工资wellcontainercontaintroublesometroublewageⅡ.重点短语
1. 越来越远
2. 担负得起做……
3. 出故障；抛锚further and furtherafford to do...break downⅢ.重点句式1.现在分词作后置定语One of the major problems (face) the children (live) in this remote mountainous area is poverty.
住在这片偏远的山区的孩子们所面临的主要问题之一是贫困。2.as引导原因状语从句However，if the pump breaks down，repairing it can be troublesome，
the nearest town to repair it.
然而，如果水泵坏了，维修可能会很麻烦，因为工程师不得不从最近的城镇过来修理它。facinglivingas an engineer has to come from3.不定式作后置定语There is not enough money of more than one teacher in a village.
一个村子里没有足够的钱支付多名老师的工资。to pay wages要点探究重点词汇经典句式possession n.个人财产；拥有，具有重点词汇(1)in possession of占有，拥有
in the possession of为……所有
take possession of占有，拥有；占领
(2)possess vt.拥有，占有归纳拓展(1)He lost all his possessions in the fire.
他在火灾中失去了他的所有财产。
(2)They are in possession of a big orchard.
他们拥有一个大果园。语境助记(1)她被发现藏有毒品。
Drugs were found her.
(2)他从来就没有多少钱，但他一直有一些好朋友。
He never ，but he always __________________
.题组训练in the possession ofpossesses much moneypossesses some goodfriends(3)—How did you the old valuable house?
—It used to be my uncle.He left it to me in his will.
A.take possession of；in possession of
B.take the possession of；in the possession of
C.take possession of；in the possession of
D.take the possession of；in possession of√ 答案 解析take possession of拥有，占有，为固定短语；第二空前的主语为物(it)，故应用in the possession of “被……所拥有”。
means n.(单复数同形)手段，方法
a means of...……的方法
means of production/transport/communication生产工具/运输工具/通信手段
by all means尽一切办法，务必；(表示答应)当然可以
by means of用，依靠
by no means绝不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用倒装结构)Health care is limited as there are no doctors or nurses in the villages—no one has the means to pay them.
医疗是有限的，因为村子里没有医生和护士——没有人有办法付给他们钱。归纳拓展(1)—Do you mind if I have a look?
—By all means.
——我看一眼行吗？
——当然可以。
(2)We can express our feelings by means of words.
我们可以用语言表达我们的情感。语境助记题组训练(1)用have的适当形式填空
All possible means been tried，but not a means worked.havehas(2)By no means true that all English people know their own language well.
A.is that B.that is
C.is it D.it is√ 答案 解析句意为：所有的英国人都通晓他们自己的语言，这绝不是真的。by no means绝不，表否定意义，位于句首时，句子用倒装结构；形式主语应用it，故选C。
However，if the pump breaks down，repairing it can be troubles-ome，as an engineer has to come from the nearest town to repair it.然而，如果水泵坏了，维修可能会很麻烦，因为工程师不得不从最近的城镇过来修理它。break down出故障，抛锚；(谈判等)失败；(健康状况)垮掉；分解；划成部分(以便分析)
break in破门而入；打断
break into破门而入
break out(战争、火灾、疫病等)突然爆发
break away from脱离……；打破陈规
break up关系破裂；破碎归纳拓展(1)The telephone system has broken down.
电话系统已瘫痪。
(2)His house was broken into last night.
昨晚有人潜入了他家。
(3)After a fire broke out in the lab，a lot of equipment was damaged.
实验室发生火灾后，很多设备被损坏。语境助记题组训练(1)写出下列句子中break down的汉语意思
①Then his health broke down and he had to take a long holiday abroad.
_______________
②The talks between the two sides have broken down. ____
③Sugar and starch(淀粉) are broken down in the stomach. ____
④To understand the grammar of the sentence，you must break it down into parts. __________________(健康状况)垮掉失败分解划成部分(以便分析)(2)The two countries are going to meet to some barriers to trade between them.(2014·天津，13)
A.make up B.use up
C.turn down D.break down√ 答案 解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：这两个国家打算会面来打破双方之间的一些贸易障碍。break down打破，使垮掉，符合句意。make up编造，弥补，组成；use up用尽，用光；turn down拒绝，调低(音量或热度)。经典句式as在句中引导原因状语从句。as用作连词，还可引导时间状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句等。
注意：在引导让步状语从句时，as从句要用倒装结构；though引导的从句可用倒装可不用倒装；although引导的从句不倒装。归纳拓展
However，if the pump breaks down，repairing it can be troublesome，as an engineer has to come from the nearest town to repair it.然而，如果水泵坏了，维修可能会很麻烦，因为工程师不得不从最近的城镇过来修理它。(1)As you were out，I left a message for you.
因为你不在家，我给你留了纸条。
(2)As she grew older she gained in confidence.
随着年龄的增长，她的自信心增强了。
(3)They did as I had asked.
他们是照着我要求的做的。语境助记题组训练(1)句型转换
Although she is young，she knows a lot.
，she knows a lot.Youngas/thoughsheis(2)The girl may need some help she is new in this company.
A.before B.as
C.but D.while 答案 解析句意为：这个女孩是公司里新来的，所以可能需要帮助。as因为，引导原因状语从句。√当堂达标Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The big fire destroyed nearly 250 acres of (原始的) forests.
2.By this (方式)，he learns English more effectively.
3.Switzerland is a country，in which lie many international organizations.
4.The ring is one of her most treasured .
5.Her is 300 dollars a week.
6.The economy has become a (棘手的) issue for the company. primitivemeansmountainouspossessionswagetroublesomeⅡ.选词填空
because of，break down，as a result，concentrate on，bring up
7.He by his grandparents in the countryside.
8.They became homeless the unexpected natural disaster.
9.I can’t my studies with all that noise going on.
10.Alice overslept this morning. ，she was late for work.
11.Unfortunately，my car on the way to the party.was brought upbecause ofconcentrate onAs a resultbroke downⅢ.完成句子
12.The man (坐在后面的) is Mr.Smith.
13.She didn’t hear us come in (因为她睡着了).
14.The two girls (年龄一样大).
15.We have made a plan (向雷锋学习).
16.You may borrow the book (条件是) you do not lend it to anyone else.sitting at the backas she was asleepare of the same ageto learn from Lei Fengon condition thatⅣ.单项填空
17.When their children lived far away from them，these old people felt from the world.(2016·浙江，12)
A.carried away B.broken down
C.cut off D.brought up 答案 解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：当孩子们住得离他们很远时，这些老人们感觉好像与外界隔离了。carry away带走，夺走；break down抛锚，垮掉；cut off切断，隔离；bring up抚养，提出。 根据句意可知选C。√18.The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. (2017·邗江中学高二期中)
A.being weighed B.to weigh
C.weighed D.weighing 答案 解析句意为：交通规则说，四岁以下的和体重低于40磅的小孩子必须坐安全座椅。此处是现在分词作后置定语，修饰children。weigh vi. 重量是……，故用现在分词。√19.—Can I come and have a look at your new house?
—Yes， ！
A.with pleasure B.I like it
C.I quite agree D.by all means 答案 解析句意为：——我能来看看你的新房子吗？——可以， ！既然答应了对方的请求，就应表示许可或欢迎之意。with pleasure别客气，不用谢；I like it我喜欢它；I quite agree我非常同意；by all means当然可以，好的。所以D项符合语境。√20.Twenty years ago，his father was very rich and was a farm.
A.in the possession of
B.in possession of
C.in the charge of
D.possessed 答案 解析in the possession of，in the charge of主语通常是物，意思是“被谁所拥有，由……负责”；in possession of 主语是人，意思是“拥有”；possess的逻辑主语是人，但空之前有was，如果用possess语法不正确。√21. We can no longer to consider water an almost free resource that we can use as much as we like.
A.permit B.afford
C.expect D.offer 答案 解析permit doing sth.允许做某事；afford to do sth.承受得起做某事；expect to do sth.期望做某事；offer to do sth.主动提出做某事。句意为：我们再也承受不起把水看作是免费的资源，想用多少就用多少了。√写作专题——Writing a proposal写作指导常用表达典题示例写作指导本单元讲建议信。建议信是针对某事向收信人提出建议和忠告的一种文体。建议信有可能是写给个人——就遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法，也可能是写给某个组织或机构——就改进其服务提出建议或忠告。建议信要写明写信的原因、建议的内容、提出建议的理由，提出的理由要合情合理，语气一定要和缓。
其基本结构为：
首段：表明写作意图。陈述事由，简单介绍自己，注意语气。
主体段：提出具体建议。同时用事实来证明建议的正确性和必要性。
尾段：对提出的建议进行总结，表达希望建议得以采纳，问题得以解决的愿望。常用表达1.I’m sorry to know that you have some trouble/difficulty/problems in...after reading your letter.
2.I’m writing to persuade you to...
3.First of all，I think it would be better if...
4.Here I’d like to give my advice on.../I would like to suggest that...
5.If I were you，I would...
6.The reason why...is that...
7.Please take my advice into consideration and make a final decision.
8.I am looking forward to your good news.典题示例某国际购物中心拟建立“无烟超市”，从“本商场不出售香烟”入手，号召广大顾客在本商场购物期间不吸烟。但是外聘来自美国的Smith经理又考虑到个人权利和自由问题，怕影响商场的经营。因此他想先征求大家的意见。假设你是李华，请你给该商场经理写一封150词左右的书信，表达自己的观点，并简单陈述理由。Step One 审题谋篇
1.时态：本文以一般现在时和一般将来时为主，个别地方也可能用到现在完成时或现在进行时等。
2.人称：以第一、第二人称为主，少数句子中会用到第三人称。
3.目的：表达个人观点并陈述理由。写作步骤Step Two 联想词汇
1.国际购物中心 _____________________________
2.无烟超市 ________________________
3.在我看来 _________________
4.不但……而且…… _________________
5.对……有好处 ___________
6.放弃 _______
7.作为回报 ________
8.另外 __________
9.总而言之 _______
10.正相反 ______________the international shopping centerNon-smoking Supermarketin my opinion/viewnot only...but also...do good to...give up in returnin additionall in allon the contraryStep Three 句式升级
1.它能帮助吸烟者少吸烟，对别的顾客的健康也有好处。
and it can also do good to other customers’ health.(and并列句)
Not only ，but it can also do good to other customers’ health.(not only...but also...)It can help the smokers to smoke lesscan it help the smokers to smoke less2.他们会很高兴听从你的建议，在这里不再考虑自己的权利和自由了。
They will be happy to follow your suggestions and .(and并列句)
They will be happy to follow your suggestions， .(现在分词短语作伴随状语)they won’t considernot considering theirtheir rights and freedom again thererights and freedom again there3.另外，在购物中心吸烟可能导致火灾，对于你的财产和顾客都是非常危险的。
In addition，smoking in the shopping center may cause fire and both your possessions and the customers.(and并列句)
In addition，smoking in the shopping center may cause fire， both your possessions and the customers.(which引导定语从句)it isvery dangerous forwhich isvery dangerous forStep Four 连句成篇
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________Dear Mr.Smith，
I’m very glad to hear that your international shopping center will build a “Non-smoking Supermarket”.In my opinion，it is a good idea to do so，for not only can it help the smokers to smoke less，but it can also do good to other customers’ health while they are doing some shopping there.Since you have given up some benefits by not selling cigarettes，the smokers are most likely to support you in return.They will be happy to follow your suggestions，not considering their rights and freedom again there.In addition，________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________smoking in the shopping center may cause fire，which is very dangerous for both your possessions and the customers.
All in all，the “Non-smoking Supermarket” will not affect your business.On the contrary，it will help you to attract more customers who want to keep healthy.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua课件52张PPT。Unit 4 Helping people around the world基础自测 内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage语法专题基础自测 Ⅰ.重点单词
1. adj.可供替代的
n.可供选择的事物
2. adj.偏远的，偏僻的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. 想要做某事，立志要做某事
2. 为……做好准备
3. 强迫某人做某事
4. 幸亏；由于alternativeremoteaim to do sth.make good preparations for...force sb.to do sth./force sb.into doing sth.thanks toⅢ.重点句式1.which引导非限制性定语从句These include：the Universal Postal Union， makes sure we can send and receive post to and from every part of the world；...
这些(机构)包括“万国邮政联盟”，这能保证我们在世界的每一个地方都能收发邮件；……2.would rather＋从句I would rather you me about it.
我宁愿你没告诉过我这件事。whichhadn’t told3.If only... there were more people donating money to charities!
要是有更多的人给慈善机构捐款就好了！If only要点探究重点词汇经典句式alternative adj.可供替代的；n.可供选择的事物
an alternative to...……的替代品
have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事
There is no alternative...别无选择……
If I had taken an alternative path and studied medicine，I would have known a lot of medical knowledge.
如果我走上了另外一条道路来学医，我会知道很多医学知识。归纳拓展重点词汇(1)Have you got any alternative suggestion?
你有没有其他的建议？
(2)His idea is an alternative to the original plan.
他的主张是原计划的备选。
(3)If you want to stand out，there is no alternative but hard work.
你如果想脱颖而出，除了努力工作没有别的选择。语境助记(1)他们别无选择只得在一家小酒店投宿一晚。
They at a small inn for the night.题组训练had no alternative but to put up(2)China may as well keep its growth rate above 7 percent. ，the rate may be set between 6 to 7 percent，for the sake of a healthy environment.
A.Differently B.Alternatively
C.Accordingly D.Conversely√ 答案 解析句意为：中国还是将增长率保持在7%以上为好，为了一个健康的环境，或者这个比率可以设置在6%到7%之间。differently不同地，相异地；alternatively或者，二者择一地，要不然；accordingly因此，依据；conversely相反地，反之。故选B。
If only there were more people donating money to charities！要是有更多的人给慈善机构捐款就好了！经典句式if only为连接性短语，常引导虚拟语气的感叹句或状语从句，表示愿望或未实现的条件。表达的愿望与现在事实相反时，谓语动词用一般过去时；与过去事实相反时，谓语动词用过去完成时；表示将来不太可能实现的愿望时，用“would/could＋动词原形”。归纳拓展(1)If only I hadn’t been so careless in the exam!
要是我当时在考试中没有那么粗心就好了！
(2)If only I were a rich man!
要是我是一个有钱人该多好！
(3)If only they would tell me what they have decided.
但愿他们能把决定告诉我。语境助记if only，only if
(1)if only但愿……，要是……就好了，常引导虚拟语气的条件句、感叹句。
(2)only if只要，只有，引导陈述语气的真实条件从句。易混辨析题组训练(1)用if only，only if填空
① I get a job will I have enough money to go to school.
② he could come!
③I told him he would succeed， he tried hard.Only ifIf onlyonly if(2)—It was a pity that you missed the famous star yesterday.
—If only I to my hometown!
A.didn’t return B.hadn’t returned
C.shouldn’t return D.wouldn’t return 答案 解析根据语境可知，这是与过去事实相反的愿望，故选B项。√当堂达标Ⅰ.词形变换
1.The UN is an important (organize) that helps many people in the world.
2.As we all know，China and India are both (develop) countries.
3.The project is to promote (culture) development and protect the heritages.
4.For most of us，it is a (challenge) task to finish it in two days.
5.Employees make regular (donate) to charity.organizationdevelopingculturalchallengingdonationsⅡ.完成句子
6.我要是有一个像你这样的姐姐该多好！
I a sister like you!
7.如果我们不能及时完成这个计划怎么办？
we the plan in time?
8.有人建议我们举行一次演讲比赛。
It is suggested that we a speech contest.If onlyhadWhat ifcould not fulfill(should) hold9.他别无选择只有等待。
He had no alternative but .
10.我建议大家都参加这次聚会。
I recommend that everyone the party.to wait(should) attendⅢ.单项填空
11.Our teachers are always serving the students wholeheartedly，______
their personal gain or loss.(2017·沭阳高二期中)
A.regardless of B.in favor of
C.thanks to D.with regard to 答案 解析句意为：我们的老师总是全身心地为学生服务，不管他们个人的得与失。regardless of 不管；in favor of 支持；thanks to 多亏了；with regard to关于。由句意可知选A项。√12. —I wonder if you are satisfied with my proposal.
—But I prefer to see an one before making a decision.
A.alternative B.another
C.other D.others 答案 解析根据句子意思可知回答者希望能有可供选择的提议再做决定，可与one搭配的只有alternative。another前不需要冠词。√13.—Any information about your son?
—No.If only I those tough words to him.
A.didn’t say B.hadn’t said
C.shouldn’t have said D.couldn’t have said 答案 解析答句句意为：没有。要是我没有对他说那些严厉的话就好了。if only要是……就好了。句意表达的是和过去事实相反的情况，故用过去完成时。√14.One may never know the of knowledge without being educated.
A.power B.force
C.energy D.strength 答案 解析the power of knowledge知识的力量。force主要指“外力”；energy精力，能量；strength(人的)力量，(物的)强度。√15. I’m determined to get a seat for the concert it means standing in a queue all night.
A.as though B.even if
C.in case D.so that 答案 解析as though仿佛，好像；even if即使，虽然；in case万一，如果；so that因此，为了。句意为：我决心得到一个音乐会的座位，即使这意味着整夜排队。√语法专题——虚拟语气(Ⅱ)语法感知 语法精析高考链接用所给词的适当形式填空
1.He is too busy now；otherwise he (help) you with your English.
2.—But for your timely warning，we (get) into great trouble.
—You know we’re friends.
3.I failed in the maths exam.How I wish I (waste) so much time playing!
4.If only I (know) his telephone number yesterday!语法感知would helpwould have gothadn’t wastedhad known5.He insisted that we (punish) the boy.
6.It is ordered that the doctors (send) to the area at once.
7.The doctor’s suggestion is that I (lose) weight.
8.I’d rather you (stay) here today.
9.I (come) to the party last night，but I had an unex-pected visitor then.
10.It is necessary that the old (examine) once a year.(should) punish(should) be sent(should) losestayedwould have come(should) be examined语法精析一、错综时间条件句
在这种条件句中，虚拟条件句即条件从句和主句所指时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词时态。
If I were you，I wouldn’t have missed the film last night.如果我是你，我就不会错过昨晚那场电影。
If they had started in the early morning，they would arrive in half an hour.
如果他们一大早就出发，再过半小时就该到了。二、含蓄条件句
不是用条件句而是由介词或介词短语(without...，but for...)，连词(but)，副词(otherwise)或上下文等表示某种假设的情况。
Without electricity(＝If there were no electricity)，life would be quite different today.
如果没有电，生活就和现在的不一样了。
I was ill that day.Otherwise，I would have taken part in the sports meeting.
那天我病了。否则，我就参加运动会了。三、虚拟语气在as if/though，if only后的从句中的应用
1.as if/though引导的表语从句或方式状语从句表示与事实相反的情况时也用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反用一般过去时；与过去事实相反用过去完成时；与将来事实相反用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。
The young man with long hair walks as if he were a small girl.
留长发的那个小伙子走起路来就像个小姑娘。
2.if only表示“要是……就好了”，其后虚拟语气的用法见前面“经典句式”中讲的。
If only I had come to the party yesterday.
如果昨天我来参加晚会就好了。四、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用
1.表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词insist，demand，require，request，propose，suggest，command，order等后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。
He ordered that the students (should) wash the clothes every week by themselves.
他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。
注意：suggest意为“暗示，表明”；insist意为“坚持说，坚持认为”时，从句中应用陈述语气。The look on his face suggested he was upset.
他脸上的表情表明他很沮丧。
He insisted that he was right.
他坚持说他是对的。2.在wish后的宾语从句中，用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反；用“could/would＋动词原形”表示与将来的事实相反；用过去完成时表示与过去的事实相反。
I wish I were 30 years younger.
我真希望自己能年轻三十岁。
I wish I could fly to the moon some day.
我真希望有一天我能飞到月球上。3.在would rather后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实；用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的事实。
I’d rather we had a rest now.
我希望我们现在休息一下。五、虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用
1.“It＋is＋形容词＋that引导的主语从句”句型中的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用动词原形或“should＋动词原形”。
用于本句型的形容词有：necessary，important，surprising，strange，shocking，natural，essential，reserved，urgent，impossible 等；还有与表示提议、要求、命令等动词有关的形容词，如desirable(←desire)，urgent(←urge)，advisable(←advise)，preferable(←prefer)等。
It is necessary that he (should) listen to the radio frequently.
他很有必要常听收音机。
It is impossible that they (should) feel uncomfortable to live with us.
他们跟我们住在一起不舒服，这不可能。2.“it＋is＋过去分词＋that引导的主语从句”句型中的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用动词原形或“should＋动词原形”。
用于本句型中的过去分词就是表示提议、要求、命令等动词的过去分词，如suggested，required，requested，demanded，urged，proposed，ordered，desired，advised等。
It has been suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.有人建议推迟会议。
It is required that you (should) wear proper suits to take part in the party.
参加这个晚会要着装适当，这是规定。六、虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中的应用
虚拟语气在表示说话人的愿望(desire)，建议(suggestion，advice)，要求(requirement，demand)，命令(order，command)等名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中，即从句谓语动词用“(should＋)do”。
Our suggestion is that you (should) be there on time.
我们的建议是你应该按时到那儿。
What do you think of his suggestion that we (should) put on a play?
他建议我们演一出剧，你觉得怎样？题组训练Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.If I had taken your advice，I (be) in such trouble.
2.Without your financial support，they (overco-me) the setbacks.
3.If only I (take) my mother’s advice last night!
4.The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students
(give) two weeks to prepare for the exam.wouldn’t bewouldn’t have overcomehad taken(should) be given5.He insisted that they (show) him their passports.
6.The last chance has been lost.How he wishes he (have) one more!(should) showwould haveⅡ.句型转换
1.If you had followed my advice just now，you would be better now.
just now，you would be better now.
2.If you hadn’t helped us，we wouldn’t have finished the work on time.
，we wouldn’t have finished the work on time.
3.I was ill yesterday.Otherwise，I would have taken part in the meeting.
I was ill yesterday. ，I would have taken part in the meeting.HadyoufollowedmyadviceButfor yourhelpIfIhadn’t beenill4.It is important for us to learn English well.
It is important that .
5.The police demanded us to leave the building at once.
The police demanded that at once.weshouldlearnEnglishwellweshouldleavethebuilding高考链接1. Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I as well as her.(2015·陕西，23)
A.dance B.will dance
C.had danced D.danced 答案 解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：埃伦是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一样好那该有多好啊！I wish后接从句，从句用虚拟语气。由语境可知，此处叙述的是与现在事实相反的情况，故谓语动词用过去时，选D项。√123456789102.I wish I at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.(2015·天津，13)
A.will be B.would be
C.have been D.had been 答案 解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：要是我上周二参加了我姐姐的婚礼那该多好啊，但是当时我在纽约出差。wish后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气；由I was on a business trip...可知是对过去发生过的事情的虚拟，故要用过去完成时。√123456789103.Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.(2015·重庆，7)
A.didn’t write B.hadn’t written
C.wouldn’t write D.wouldn’t have written 答案 解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：要是没有战争时的经历，海明威就不会写出他的著名小说《永别了，武器》。该句使用了含有without的含蓄虚拟语气，由语境知，这里是对过去情况的假设，因此主句部分用would/could/should/might＋have done，故D项正确。√123456789104.It is lucky we booked a room，or we nowhere to stay now.
(2015·安徽，32)
A.had B.had had
C.would have D.would have had 答案 解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：很幸运我们订了一个房间，否则我们现在将无处可住。or引导含蓄虚拟条件句，根据“now”可知，是对现在进行虚拟，因此用“would＋动词原形”，故选C。√123456789105.They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation，or they to our help.(2014·浙江，16)
A.would have come B.could come
C.have come D.had come 答案 解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：我们进行调研的那几个月他们出国了，要不然的话，他们就会来帮助我们了。由关键信息or可知，此处是隐含的虚拟条件句，or相当于if they hadn’t been abroad。这是在叙述与过去事实相反的情况，因此这里谓语动词用would have done，故A项正确。√123456789106.We would rather our daughter at home with us，but it is her choice，and she is not a child any longer.(2014·陕西，23)
A.would stay B.has stayed
C.stayed D.stay 答案 解析考查虚拟语气。would rather后跟宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来事实相反，用“had＋过去分词”表示与过去事实相反。根据后一句中的is可知，此处动词应用过去式，故选C项。√123456789107.It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I it？(2014·重庆，13)
A.had done B.have done
C.did D.am doing 答案 解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：是John打坏了窗户。为什么你说得好像是我打坏的似的？题中broke表示“打坏窗户”发生在“过去”。as if/though后面的从句用had done表示对“过去”的虚拟。故A项正确。√123456789108.Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam at the age of six months old.(2013·浙江，8)
A.was B.be
C.were D.is 答案 解析recommend建议，其后常接that 引导的宾语从句，而宾语从句中要用sb.should do或者sth.should be done的形式，should常可省略。 故本题应选B项。√123456789109.—Do you think George has passed the driving test?
—No. If so, he his car to our college yesterday.(2013·福建，30)
A.would drive B.drove
C.would have driven D.had driven 答案 解析考查虚拟语气。第二句句意为：如果这样的话，他昨天就驾车来我们大学了。由句意可知是对过去的虚拟。If so＝If he had passed the driving test，主句使用“情态动词＋have done”。故选C。√1234567891010.I to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available.(2013·安徽，28)
A.went B.had gone
C.would go D.would have gone 答案 解析本题考查虚拟语气。句意为：昨天晚上我本来要去我表弟的生日晚会，但是我没空。would do表示对将来或现在的假设；would have done表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。but后面是实际情况，而前面则是虚拟语气，故答案为D。√12345678910课件11张PPT。Unit 4 Helping people around the worldStep One 构词助记Step Two 词义助记内容索引Step Three 语境助记Vocabulary BreakthroughStep One 构词助记A组(前缀)
port n.→ n.出口产品；出口；vt.&vi.出口
B组(后缀)
describe v.→ n.描写(文字)，形容，说明
politics n.→ adj.政治的；政府的
add v.→ n.增加；添加
starve v.→ n.挨饿；饿死；饥饿
possess v.→ n.个人财产；拥有，具有
mountain n.→ adj.多山的exportdescriptionpoliticaladditionstarvationpossessionmountainousheat v.&n.→ n.供暖；供暖系统
trouble n.→ adj.麻烦的，讨厌的，棘手的
commit vt.→ n.承诺，保证；投入，奉献
mud n.→ adj.多泥的，泥泞的
interpret v.→ n.口译工作者，口译译员heatingtroublesomecommitmentmuddyinterpreterC组(转化)
adj.?v.&n. 与……相同或相等；同等的人
adj.?n. 可供选择的事物
助理，助手
n.?v. 缺乏
挤满，塞满，使拥挤equalalternativeassistantlackcrowdStep Two 词义助记A组(同义词)
sufferer n.? n.
obtain v.? v.
method n.? n.
salary n.? n.
mess n.? n.
workmate n.? n.
empty adj.? adj.B 组(反义词)
import v.? v.
central adj.? adj.
C 组(形近词)
require v.? v.购得；获得
angel n.? n.角度victimacquiremeanswagechaoscolleaguevacantexportremoteacquireangleStep Three 语境助记1.背诵经典 The interpreter does some voluntary work at a local school.
规范默写 2.背诵经典 One of my former colleagues set up a company and it expanded into a large enterprise in a short time.
规范默写 3.背诵经典 The supply of food and shelters is urgent in the remote mountainous area because the victims in the storm are suffering from starvation.
规范默写 4.背诵经典 When the post finally fell vacant，he offered it to his assistant.
规范默写
