专题十一 任务型阅读理解题解题技巧
近几年在各地中考英语试题中，又出现一种新题型任务型阅读。它是根据任务型教学设计而成的，它是介于阅读理解与书面表达之间的一种题型。它要求学生在阅读文章后能对文章中某些细节做到准确把握或对整篇文章进行提炼概括，是一种读写结合的题型。这种题型既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查学生的分析问题、解决问题的能力，还考查学生运用英语语言将有关内容以文字形式正确地表达出来的能力。
纵观近几年的中考试题，不难发现阅读材料难度整体适中，材料后的题目设计难度并不很大，但是学生在实际做题过程中，经常会犯一些错误，导致不必要的失分。因此我们必须对任务型阅读理解有一定的了解。
一、任务型阅读简介
任务型阅读是阅读理解题的一部分，通过学生对阅读材料进行归纳概括，寻找有用细节信息，进行推理判断然后写出最适当的答案。它要求学生能够理解材料的主旨要义，理解文中具体信息，根据上下文推断生词的词义，做出简单判断和推理，理解文章的基本结构以及理解作者的意图和态度等。任务型阅读主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言“做事”的能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和社会经验等方面能力的有机结合。21世纪教育网版权所有
任务型阅读命题形式：
根据文章内容回答问题；
对文章中的某一句或几句进行英译汉或汉译英的翻译；
根据文章内容填入所缺单词；
给文章拟标题；
用适当的词替换目标单词；
举出与文章主题相关的另一个例子等。
针对以上命题形式，我们逐一进行技巧点拨：
题型一：根据文章内容回答问题：这种命题形式是初中英语任务型阅读最常见的形式。问题有针对全文大意的，也有针对细节内容的。具体指导策略:2·1·c·n·j·y
技巧一：针对这种形式，比较好的方法是先看问题，然后带着问题读文章，概括总结文章大意或把与问题相关的细节处划出来，再通过阅读上下文写出答案。答案书写的规范性。回答问题的形式有两种：用完整句子回答和用关键字或词回答。用完整的句子回答问题要注意句子的逻辑性和针对性，还要注意句子在语法上的准确性。
题型二：对文章中的某一句或几句进行英译汉或汉译英的翻译
需要翻译的句子不是孤立的，而是放在语境中的，有特定的上下文。因此，仅仅从语法角度去翻译还不够，要让句子回归文章。
技巧二：
(l)通读全文，了解主旨。
(2)细读所需翻译句子，再把它回归文中去做充分的理解。
(3)解决句子中的关键词，比如要把文章中“He is kind and friendly to those who are poor and weak.” 这个句子翻译成中文，搞清楚he指代的是什么最关键，这就要求学生充分阅读上下文才能准确定位。
(4)注意中英文的不同表达习惯，不断调整句子，使之符合语法规范。
题型三：给文章拟标题
给文章拟标题要精练、准确、到位。比较常见的文章标题形式有:动词短语、名词短语和问题形式。
技巧三:
(l)把握文章主题，作者的写作意图，所要体现的精神或所要解决的问题。
(2)寻找文章中的概括性语言、或能体现文章精髓的中心句，特别是在首段和末段。
(3)对找到的句子进行加工和整合，概括出标题，注意标题形式。
题型四：根据课文内容填入所缺单词
技巧四：掌握人称和数的变化，正确把握时态语态，运用固定搭配等能力。
任务型阅读的解题策略：
完成任务型阅读的过程就是：阅读(信息输入)→判断、分析、概括、推理(信息加工与处理)→答题(信息输出)。具体说来，任务型阅读的解题策略包括以下四个方面：2-1-c-n-j-y
一、 确阅读任务
任务型阅读一般提供一段或几段阅读材料，在材料后设置5 个任务，做题时我们应先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么，再带着任务去阅读材料，这样就能做到心中有数，有针对性地去读，并能提高阅读效率。
二、 读全文，了解大意
明确任务后，应迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容，以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图、态度倾向。在材料后的问题设置中，经常有对文章大意的考查。对于概括大意的题目，需要通篇考虑，对要点加以归纳概括，这类题目有时可以从文中找到答案，但有时需要用自己的话来概括。这类题，属于难度较大的题，对文章还得再读一读，才能总结出来。除此之外，还经常考查“给文章拟一个标题”。这类题目可以通过寻找主题句和高频词来完成。根据英文写作的特点，主题句往往是首句或结尾句，但当没有主题句时，则应从全文中全面、简练地去提炼、概括。文章的标题可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子，但不管是什么，确定标题必须遵循以下两个原则：① 概括性原则,即标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文,体现文章的中心大意。② 醒目性原则，即标题必须力求吸引读者的注意力。www.21-cn-jy.com
三、 读细节，逐题攻克
(一) 寻找细节，从原文中找答案
在经过第二步泛读全文之后，对于材料后面问题的细节考查题，在文章中所处的大体位置有所了解。然后就可以采用“跳读”的方式来寻找细节在原文中的对应，跳读的目的就是为细节寻找答案。如阅读填空或填表题，这种题目要求学生通过阅读材料，获取相关信息，以填写词语或补全句子的方式完成表格或图表。还有一些题目是对文章细节的直接设问，答案通常可以从原文中找到。从各地中考题看来，是有相当比例的此类题目。【出处：21教育名师】
(二) 精读细节，理解深层含义
任务型阅读，也是阅读理解的一种题型，不仅考查学生直接获取信息的能力，还可考查学生通过已知信息进行推理，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。因此，这就要求考生要具备通过已知信息进行判断推理能力和透过字面意思解读深层含义能力，这一类型题在阅读测试中属于难度较大的题目。在做这一类型的题目时，考生应在理解全文的基础上，捕捉文章中有关的信息，精读特定细节及周围的句子来帮助理解。做这一类型的题时，还需注意：① 把握文章的内在逻辑关系，以文章提供的事实和观点为依据，立足原文，推断未知。不能主观臆造，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。② 在理解全文的基础上，吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉一些线索，对文章的表面意思进行挖掘加工，悟出作者的深层含义或弦外之音。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
四、 通读全文，仔细检查
在完成所有任务后，同学们还应结合题目再把全文通读一遍，认真核实答案，同时还应检查一下书写的规范性及句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等，这是答题的最后一步，同样也很关键。
【例题展示】
一、(2017.盐城)根据短文意思，补充句子。
Mr. Scott worked in a middle school. He read a lot. He taught well and could answer all the questions his students asked. And they liked him very much. One Sunday morning, when he was dressing his little son, Jimmy, the boy suddenly asked, “May I ask you a question, Dad?” “Of course you can,” answered Mr. Scott. “Are you sure that you can answer it?” “Certainly.” “Well,” said Jimmy, “Are there any holes in your socks?” “Holes?” Mr. Scott said in surprise. “It’s impossible.” “Look at them carefully, or you’ll be wrong!” Mr. Scott took off his socks and looked at them carefully but didn’t find anything wrong.【版权所有：21教育】
“No, there’s no hole in them,” said Mr. Scott. “I bought them only last week.” “How can you put your feet into them, then?” Little Jimmy said with a smile. At first Mr. Scott didn’t know what to say. After a while he began to laugh with a red face.21教育名师原创作品
根据短文意思，将下列句子补充完整。每空一词。
1.Mr. Scott was a _________ in a school.
2.His son was very _______, so he couldn’t dress himself.
3.Mr. Scott ______ to find if there were holes in his socks.
4.In the end Mr. Scott _______that his son had played a joke on him.
5.From Jimmy’s joke we can say that he was a _______ boy.
二、 (2017·重庆B卷)综合任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据文后要求答题。
① In the United States people sometimes go camping for vacation. Instead of staying at modern hotels and restaurants，they live in the woods and do everything for themselves for a few days to relax.When you are camping，you make all of your own food.It is rather like a large，many-day picnic.Barbeques(烤肉架) are very common while camping.You can bring meat and vegetables to the camp.To make a fire，you can find or bring your own wood and light it with a lighter(打火机)．
② Remember to_ put_stones_around_ the_fire_so_that_it _won't _get_too_big_and_dangerous! When the fire is ready，you can cook food over it.Besides meat and vegetables，you can also cook marshmallows(果酱软糖) with the fire.Children really like this activity at night.The whole family sit around the fire，eat marshmallows，and drink hot chocolate—especially when it is cold outside! Everyone can sing camping songs and dance together.
Camping is a fun activity for the family to do.
Vacation does not have to mean going to visit faraway places，it could be as simple as setting up a tent in a nearby forest!
Where do Americans go camping?____________________________
Why do they put stones around the fire?____________________________
将画线部分①翻译成汉语。________________________________
将画线部分②翻译成汉语。__________________________
5．给文章拟一个标题。________________________________
三、(2016·天津)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成表格。
An American named Crum invented potato chips in 1853，although that was not his intention(意图)．He was a chef(厨师长)at a beautiful restaurant in Saratoga Springs，New York.A regular dish on the menu was fried(油炸的)potatoes，which was an idea that had started in France.At that time，French fried potatoes were cut into thick slices(片)．One day，a dinner guest at the restaurant sent back his fried potatoes to the chef because he did not like themso thick.So Mr Crum cut the potatoes a little thinner and fried them.The guest did not like those either.That made Mr Crum angry，so he thought he would just show the man.He sliced the potatoes paper-thin and fried them，thinking that the man would say nothing about it.However，to his surprise，the man loved the thin potatoes very much.Other guests tried them and also liked them.So，Mr Crum's potato chips were added to the menu.They were called Saratoga Chips.21·cn·jy·com
Finally，Mr Crum opened his own restaurant to sell his famous chips.Now potato chips are packaged(包装)and sold in stores.21·世纪*教育网
Who invented __1__？
__2__ was an American chef at a restaurant.
A dinner guest __3__ his fried potatoes to the chef because they were so thick.
The chef was probably glad in the end because __4__.
Now potato chips are packaged and sold __5__.
四、 (2017·山东东营)根据文章完成表格?
World Animal Day is a day for anyone who loves animals．It falls on October 4 every year．The date is to remember an Italian man named St．Francis．He asked people to thank animals on October 4．
World Animal Day was started in 1931 at a meeting of ecologists(生态学家) in Florence．Since then it has been widely celebrated in countries throughout the world．
On this special day，people throughout the world hold special activities to encourage everybody to show their love to animals．They do something special to let people know the importance of animals in the world．People also hold activities to encourage people to think about how we should treat animals．
根据短文内容，完成表格。
World Animal Day
A day for anyone who 1 animals．
2 every year
To remember St．Francis．
World Animal Day
Started 3 in Florence．
People do 4
In order to show the importance of animals．
People in the world
Think about how 5 animals．
五、(2017·江西)综合任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据文后要求答题。
Cambridge(剑桥) is one of the top universities in the world，and it's a city as well．To the surprise of some visitors，there are no walls around the university．Classroom buildings，libraries and offices can be seen all over the city．Most of the members of the city are the students and teachers of thirty-one colleges(学院)．It got its name "Cambridge" from the river called Cam and a bridge built over it．Before the university was founded 800 years ago，Cambridge was a developing town．It developed faster because of the opening of the railway and became a city in 1951．Now it has a population of more than one million．Many young students hope for the chance to study at Cambridge．Perhaps you'll be a member of Cambridge one day．
根据短文内容，完成下表。
The 1 of some visitors
No walls around the university
The origin(来源) of its name
River Cam and a bridge 2 it
The time when Cambridge was 3
800 years ago
The 4 why Cambridge developed faster
The opening of the railway
The population of Cambridge now
5 than one million
六、(2017·甘肃白银、武威)中学生上网一直是备受关注的热点话题。某班就这一话题组织了一次主题班会。以下是几位同学的观点，请仔细阅读下面内容，完成信息记录卡。www-2-1-cnjy-com
(L＝Li Hua；W＝Wang Gang；Z＝Zhang Jie)
L：Surfing the Internet is very exciting. We can do lots of things，such as playing games, listening to music，chatting with our friends and so on. I really enjoy it.
W：I like surfing the Internet，too. Because I can learn a lot from it. I can get the latest news all over the world. I also can find the information I need so that I can spend less time on my homework.
Z：It's hard to say. I agree that the Internet is
helpful to our study. But it's not right to spend too much time on the games. And some information on the Internet is bad for our mind. What's more，surfing too much does harm to our eyes. In a word, we should use the Internet in a right way.
Names
Opinions
Li Hua
◇play games
◇listen to music
◇chat with 1.________
Wang Gang
◇get the latest news
◇get useful 2.________
◇do homework 3.________
Zhang Jie
◇be helpful to our study
◇don't spend too much time on the games
◇be bad for our mind and 4.________
◇use the Internet 5.________
七、 (2017·四川达州)综合任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据文后要求答题。
American schools are quite different from those in China.In America，at the beginning of the term，students must select their courses and teachers first.While in China students usually have no chances to select their courses and teachers.21教育网
Selecting is very important for your grades in America.So at the first term，don't select too many courses,4.or you'll feel very nervous and it may influence your study.Then you have to ask for some teaching plans.There is some information about subjects，time arranging，marks and textbooks.At the same21cnjy.com
time，you must choose the teachers.Different teachers have different teaching methods.If the teacher is called“killer”by the last grade，many students will give up choosing him.Because this kind of teacher will leave too much homework，too many exams and give too low grades.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
There is another thing after you select the course and the teacher.How to buy textbooks makes each student feel hard.The textbooks in America are very expensive.Each copy is about $30～50.In order to save money，many students buy some used textbooks，and some students usually borrow textbooks from the school library.You must get enough ready before class.In class，21*cnjy*com
discussing is very important.5.老师鼓励你提出问题或展示你自己的观点。 They don’t usually ask you to sit well.Instead they allow you to sit or stand everywhere you like.They don't give you much homework to do.You can learn some knowledge and do exercises by yourself.So in American schools，you must do almost all things yourself.21*cnjy*com
根据文章内容，补全1、2句中所缺单词、短语或句子。
1．At the beginning of the new term，American students have to ask for some teaching plans and get their textbooks ready besides ______________.
of the term，students must select their courses and teachers first.”可知美国学生在新学期开始要自主选择课程和老师。
2．The teacher ______________ will always leave too much homework，too many exams and give too low grades.
3．根据文章内容回答问题。
Why do many students in America buy used textbooks?_______________________________________________
4.请将文中黑体字译成汉语。
5．请将画线句子译成英语。_________________________________________________________
八、(2017·甘肃天水)阅读下面短文，简要回答所给问题。
It was near Christmas during my first semester teaching at a new school.I loved my small special class more than any group I had taught in the past.They were hungry for knowledge and I was enjoying teaching.
Other teachers had told me that our children were from poor families and not to expect any child to bring a Christmas gift.In fact，I wasn't expecting any gifts.
Imagine my surprise when every child brought me a gift on the day before our holiday break.First，I got a muchloved stuffed monkey from a shy girl.I was told，“He is my favorite，but I love you and I want him to be with you，Miss Taylor.”How thrilled I was!
Next came a new set of Christmas tree lights that was “missing” from a mother's cupboard.
Finally，I came to one little boy's gift which I had never received.It was an old，dirty and broken Christmas story book.Just when I wanted to express my happiness，I was interrupted(打断)by the giver，“And see，it is new！It still has the price tag.”
When other children laughed at him，I stopped them and said，“Oh，books are good in that way.The story is always new if you have not read it before.Now，let's share one together.”Everyone listened quietly as I read the most wonderful Christmas story of my life.
I still keep those Christmas gifts.They always remind me of my lovely kids.
1．Why did the teacher like her small special class?____________________________
2．When did the children bring their teacher gifts?_____________________________
3．Who sent a stuffed monkey to the teacher?_______________________________________________________
4．Was the Christmas story book new?________________________________________________________
5.How did the teacher feel when she got the gifts?___________________________________
九、(2017·湖北咸宁)综合任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据文后要求答题。
It is said that more than four million people die each year from smoking. That number is frightening.
Yet people around the world continue to smoke. In the United States, about forty-seven-million adults smoke. This year, more than 430,000 Americans died of diseases which have something to do with smoking. The American Cancer Society(美国癌症协会)says smoking harms the body greatly. It warns that smoking even a number of cigarettes is dangerous.
It’s (63) ______________________________(戒烟是不容易的。)However, doctors say you probably will live longer if you do stop smoking. You will feel better and look better. You also will protect the health of family members who breathe your smoke.
There is not one right way to stop smoking, doctors say. Any way can help. You can take long walks or spend time in places where smoking is not allowed. Also, you can eat a small piece of fruit or vegetable instead of having a cigarette. (64)The sooner you stop smoking, the more you’ll reduce (减少) your chances of getting cancer and other diseases.
Stop smoking before smoking stops you!
(一)根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。
1. How many people die from smoking each year?
2. What does the American Cancer Society say about smoking?
(二)根据短文中所给汉语完成句子。
3. It’s______________________________________________________.
(三)把短文中划线的句子翻译成汉语。 4._________________________________________________________.
(四)给短文拟一个恰当的英文标题。
5. _________________________________________________________
专题十一 任务型阅读理解题解题技巧
近几年在各地中考英语试题中，又出现一种新题型任务型阅读。它是根据任务型教学设计而成的，它是介于阅读理解与书面表达之间的一种题型。它要求学生在阅读文章后能对文章中某些细节做到准确把握或对整篇文章进行提炼概括，是一种读写结合的题型。这种题型既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查学生的分析问题、解决问题的能力，还考查学生运用英语语言将有关内容以文字形式正确地表达出来的能力。
纵观近几年的中考试题，不难发现阅读材料难度整体适中，材料后的题目设计难度并不很大，但是学生在实际做题过程中，经常会犯一些错误，导致不必要的失分。因此我们必须对任务型阅读理解有一定的了解。
一、任务型阅读简介
任务型阅读是阅读理解题的一部分，通过学生对阅读材料进行归纳概括，寻找有用细节信息，进行推理判断然后写出最适当的答案。它要求学生能够理解材料的主旨要义，理解文中具体信息，根据上下文推断生词的词义，做出简单判断和推理，理解文章的基本结构以及理解作者的意图和态度等。任务型阅读主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言“做事”的能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和社会经验等方面能力的有机结合。
任务型阅读命题形式：
根据文章内容回答问题；
对文章中的某一句或几句进行英译汉或汉译英的翻译；
根据文章内容填入所缺单词；
给文章拟标题；
用适当的词替换目标单词；
举出与文章主题相关的另一个例子等。
针对以上命题形式，我们逐一进行技巧点拨：
题型一：根据文章内容回答问题：这种命题形式是初中英语任务型阅读最常见的形式。问题有针对全文大意的，也有针对细节内容的。具体指导策略:
技巧一：针对这种形式，比较好的方法是先看问题，然后带着问题读文章，概括总结文章大意或把与问题相关的细节处划出来，再通过阅读上下文写出答案。答案书写的规范性。回答问题的形式有两种：用完整句子回答和用关键字或词回答。用完整的句子回答问题要注意句子的逻辑性和针对性，还要注意句子在语法上的准确性。
题型二：对文章中的某一句或几句进行英译汉或汉译英的翻译
需要翻译的句子不是孤立的，而是放在语境中的，有特定的上下文。因此，仅仅从语法角度去翻译还不够，要让句子回归文章。2·1·c·n·j·y
技巧二：
(l)通读全文，了解主旨。
(2)细读所需翻译句子，再把它回归文中去做充分的理解。
(3)解决句子中的关键词，比如要把文章中“He is kind and friendly to those who are poor and weak.” 这个句子翻译成中文，搞清楚he指代的是什么最关键，这就要求学生充分阅读上下文才能准确定位。
(4)注意中英文的不同表达习惯，不断调整句子，使之符合语法规范。
题型三：给文章拟标题
给文章拟标题要精练、准确、到位。比较常见的文章标题形式有:动词短语、名词短语和问题形式。
技巧三:
(l)把握文章主题，作者的写作意图，所要体现的精神或所要解决的问题。
(2)寻找文章中的概括性语言、或能体现文章精髓的中心句，特别是在首段和末段。
(3)对找到的句子进行加工和整合，概括出标题，注意标题形式。
题型四：根据课文内容填入所缺单词
技巧四：掌握人称和数的变化，正确把握时态语态，运用固定搭配等能力。
任务型阅读的解题策略：
完成任务型阅读的过程就是：阅读(信息输入)→判断、分析、概括、推理(信息加工与处理)→答题(信息输出)。具体说来，任务型阅读的解题策略包括以下四个方面：www-2-1-cnjy-com
一、 确阅读任务
任务型阅读一般提供一段或几段阅读材料，在材料后设置5 个任务，做题时我们应先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么，再带着任务去阅读材料，这样就能做到心中有数，有针对性地去读，并能提高阅读效率。
二、 读全文，了解大意
明确任务后，应迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容，以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图、态度倾向。在材料后的问题设置中，经常有对文章大意的考查。对于概括大意的题目，需要通篇考虑，对要点加以归纳概括，这类题目有时可以从文中找到答案，但有时需要用自己的话来概括。这类题，属于难度较大的题，对文章还得再读一读，才能总结出来。除此之外，还经常考查“给文章拟一个标题”。这类题目可以通过寻找主题句和高频词来完成。根据英文写作的特点，主题句往往是首句或结尾句，但当没有主题句时，则应从全文中全面、简练地去提炼、概括。文章的标题可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子，但不管是什么，确定标题必须遵循以下两个原则：① 概括性原则,即标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文,体现文章的中心大意。② 醒目性原则，即标题必须力求吸引读者的注意力。
三、 读细节，逐题攻克
(一) 寻找细节，从原文中找答案
在经过第二步泛读全文之后，对于材料后面问题的细节考查题，在文章中所处的大体位置有所了解。然后就可以采用“跳读”的方式来寻找细节在原文中的对应，跳读的目的就是为细节寻找答案。如阅读填空或填表题，这种题目要求学生通过阅读材料，获取相关信息，以填写词语或补全句子的方式完成表格或图表。还有一些题目是对文章细节的直接设问，答案通常可以从原文中找到。从各地中考题看来，是有相当比例的此类题目。
(二) 精读细节，理解深层含义
任务型阅读，也是阅读理解的一种题型，不仅考查学生直接获取信息的能力，还可考查学生通过已知信息进行推理，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。因此，这就要求考生要具备通过已知信息进行判断推理能力和透过字面意思解读深层含义能力，这一类型题在阅读测试中属于难度较大的题目。在做这一类型的题目时，考生应在理解全文的基础上，捕捉文章中有关的信息，精读特定细节及周围的句子来帮助理解。做这一类型的题时，还需注意：① 把握文章的内在逻辑关系，以文章提供的事实和观点为依据，立足原文，推断未知。不能主观臆造，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。② 在理解全文的基础上，吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉一些线索，对文章的表面意思进行挖掘加工，悟出作者的深层含义或弦外之音。
四、 通读全文，仔细检查
在完成所有任务后，同学们还应结合题目再把全文通读一遍，认真核实答案，同时还应检查一下书写的规范性及句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等，这是答题的最后一步，同样也很关键。
【例题展示】
一、(2017.盐城)根据短文意思，补充句子。
Mr. Scott worked in a middle school. He read a lot. He taught well and could answer all the questions his students asked. And they liked him very much. One Sunday morning, when he was dressing his little son, Jimmy, the boy suddenly asked, “May I ask you a question, Dad?” “Of course you can,” answered Mr. Scott. “Are you sure that you can answer it?” “Certainly.” “Well,” said Jimmy, “Are there any holes in your socks?” “Holes?” Mr. Scott said in surprise. “It’s impossible.” “Look at them carefully, or you’ll be wrong!” Mr. Scott took off his socks and looked at them carefully but didn’t find anything wrong.
“No, there’s no hole in them,” said Mr. Scott. “I bought them only last week.” “How can you put your feet into them, then?” Little Jimmy said with a smile. At first Mr. Scott didn’t know what to say. After a while he began to laugh with a red face.
根据短文意思，将下列句子补充完整。每空一词。
1.Mr. Scott was a _________ in a school.
2.His son was very _______, so he couldn’t dress himself.
3.Mr. Scott ______ to find if there were holes in his socks.
4.In the end Mr. Scott _______that his son had played a joke on him.
5.From Jimmy’s joke we can say that he was a _______ boy.
【答案解析】
这篇小短文的大意是：Mr. Scott是一名中学教师。一天，正当他给儿子穿衣服时，儿子Jimmy问他“你的袜子上有一个洞吗？”这个问题。Mr. Scott感到莫名其妙。他脱下自己上周刚买的新袜子，仔细地看了看，根本没有发现任何问题。令他没有想到的是，儿子微笑着对他说：“没有洞，那么你是怎么样把脚放进去的呢？”
1.teacher。由短文开头的两句话就可以得出答案。
2.young。从Mr. Scott给儿子穿衣服这件事上来看，可以判断出他的儿子年龄很小，还不会穿衣服。所以答案为young。注意不可误将little作为答案，因为这个词并不指年龄小。
3.tried/wanted。这个小题的答案源自于“Mr. Scott took off his socks and looked at them carefully but didn’t find anything wrong.”这句话之中。
4.understood/knew/learned/learnt。根据短文所述的内容，不难看出这是儿子给Mr. Scott开的一个玩笑。联系短文末尾的“After a while he began to laugh with a red face.”这句话，就可以得出答案。
5.clever/bright/naughty/lovely/ cute。从这个孩子说的“How can you put your feet into them, then?”这句话，可以看出Jimmy是非常聪明、可爱的。开父亲的玩笑，说明他很淘气。这由Jimmy 的两次问话“May I ask you a question, Dad?”和“Are you sure that you can answer it?”也可以看出来儿童活泼可爱的天性。答案只要符合这几层意思都是正确的。
二、 (2017·重庆B卷)综合任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据文后要求答题。
① In the United States people sometimes go camping for vacation. Instead of staying at modern hotels and restaurants，they live in the woods and do everything for themselves for a few days to relax.When you are camping，you make all of your own food.It is rather like a large，many-day picnic.Barbeques(烤肉架) are very common while camping.You can bring meat and vegetables to the camp.To make a fire，you can find or bring your own wood and light it with a lighter(打火机)．
② Remember to_ put_stones_around_ the_fire_so_that_it _won't _get_too_big_and_dangerous! When the fire is ready，you can cook food over it.Besides meat and vegetables，you can also cook marshmallows(果酱软糖) with the fire.Children really like this activity at night.The whole family sit around the fire，eat marshmallows，and drink hot chocolate—especially when it is cold outside! Everyone can sing camping songs and dance together.
Camping is a fun activity for the family to do.
Vacation does not have to mean going to visit faraway places，it could be as simple as setting up a tent in a nearby forest!
Where do Americans go camping?____________________________
【解析】由第一段第二句“...they live in the woods...”可知答案。
【答案】In the woods.
Why do they put stones around the fire?____________________________
【解析】由第三段第一句可知。
【答案】To make sure the fire won't get too big and dangerous.
将画线部分①翻译成汉语。________________________________
【解析】go camping“野营”，vacation“假期”。
【答案】在美国，人们有时在假期去野营。
将画线部分②翻译成汉语。__________________________
【解析】remember to do sth.“记得做某事”，so that“以便”。
【答案】记住在火的四周砌上石头，这样火就不会蔓延而带来危险。
5．给文章拟一个标题。________________________________
【解析】通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了在美国野营的相关情况。
【答案】Camping in the US
三、(2016·天津)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成表格。
An American named Crum invented potato chips in 1853，although that was not his intention(意图)．He was a chef(厨师长)at a beautiful restaurant in Saratoga Springs，New York.A regular dish on the menu was fried(油炸的)potatoes，which was an idea that had started in France.At that time，French fried potatoes were cut into thick slices(片)．One day，a dinner guest at the restaurant sent back his fried potatoes to the chef because he did not like themso thick.So Mr Crum cut the potatoes a little thinner and fried them.The guest did not like those either.That made Mr Crum angry，so he thought he would just show the man.He sliced the potatoes paper-thin and fried them，thinking that the man would say nothing about it.However，to his surprise，the man loved the thin potatoes very much.Other guests tried them and also liked them.So，Mr Crum's potato chips were added to the menu.They were called Saratoga Chips.21世纪教育网版权所有
Finally，Mr Crum opened his own restaurant to sell his famous chips.Now potato chips are packaged(包装)and sold in stores.
Who invented __1__？
__2__ was an American chef at a restaurant.
A dinner guest __3__ his fried potatoes to the chef because they were so thick.21*cnjy*com
The chef was probably glad in the end because __4__.
Now potato chips are packaged and sold __5__.
【答案解析】
potato chips
【解析】由第一段第一句中“An American named Crum invented potato chips in 1853...”可知答案。
Mr Crum(Crum)
【解析】由第一段的第二句“He was a chef at a beautiful restaurant in Saratoga Springs，New York.”可知Crum是美国纽约一家餐馆的厨师长。
sent back
【解析】由第二段的第一句“One day，a dinner guest at the restaurant sent back his fried potatoes to the chef because he did not like them so thick.”可知答案。
he opened his own restaurant to sell chips
【解析】由最后一段的第一句可知，最后，Crum自己开饭店来卖他的炸薯片，这可能是令这位厨师长高兴的原因。【出处：21教育名师】
in stores
【解析】由文章的最后一句“Now potato chips are packaged and sold in stores.”可知答案。
四、 (2017·山东东营)根据文章完成表格?
World Animal Day is a day for anyone who loves animals．It falls on October 4 every year．The date is to remember an Italian man named St．Francis．He asked people to thank animals on October 4．
World Animal Day was started in 1931 at a meeting of ecologists(生态学家) in Florence．Since then it has been widely celebrated in countries throughout the world．
On this special day，people throughout the world hold special activities to encourage everybody to show their love to animals．They do something special to let people know the importance of animals in the world．People also hold activities to encourage people to think about how we should treat animals．
根据短文内容，完成表格。
World Animal Day
A day for anyone who 1 animals．
2 every year
To remember St．Francis．
World Animal Day
Started 3 in Florence．
People do 4
In order to show the importance of animals．
People in the world
Think about how 5 animals．
【答案解析】
1．loves 根据短文第一句的内容可知，本题填 loves。
2．October 4 根据短文第一段的内容可以确定时间是 October 4。
3．in 1931 根据短文第二段中的第一句话可知，开始于 1931 年。
4．something special 根据“They do something special to let people know the importance of animals in the world．”可确定答案是 something special。21cnjy.com
5．to treat 根据短文最后一句话可知，答案是 to treat。
五、(2017·江西)综合任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据文后要求答题。
Cambridge(剑桥) is one of the top universities in the world，and it's a city as well．To the surprise of some visitors，there are no walls around the university．Classroom buildings，libraries and offices can be seen all over the city．Most of the members of the city are the students and teachers of thirty-one colleges(学院)．It got its name "Cambridge" from the river called Cam and a bridge built over it．Before the university was founded 800 years ago，Cambridge was a developing town．It developed faster because of the opening of the railway and became a city in 1951．Now it has a population of more than one million．Many young students hope for the chance to study at Cambridge．Perhaps you'll be a member of Cambridge one day．21·cn·jy·com
根据短文内容，完成下表。
The 1 of some visitors
No walls around the university
The origin(来源) of its name
River Cam and a bridge 2 it
The time when Cambridge was 3
800 years ago
The 4 why Cambridge developed faster
The opening of the railway
The population of Cambridge now
5 than one million
【答案解析】
1．surprise 根据“To the surprise of some visitors，there are no walls around the university．”可知，该题填 surprise。21·世纪*教育网
2．over 根据短文中“It got its name "Cambridge" from the river called Cam and a bridge built over it．”可以确定，该空填 over。21教育名师原创作品
3．founded 根据短文中“Before the university was founded 800 years ago”确定，答案是 founded。
4．reason 根据短文中“It developed faster because of the opening of the railway and became a city in 1951”可确定该题填 reason。
5．More 根据短文中“Now it has a population of more than one million．”可以确定答案是 More。
六、(2017·甘肃白银、武威)中学生上网一直是备受关注的热点话题。某班就这一话题组织了一次主题班会。以下是几位同学的观点，请仔细阅读下面内容，完成信息记录卡。
(L＝Li Hua；W＝Wang Gang；Z＝Zhang Jie)
L：Surfing the Internet is very exciting. We can do lots of things，such as playing games, listening to music，chatting with our friends and so on. I really enjoy it.
W：I like surfing the Internet，too. Because I can learn a lot from it. I can get the latest news all over the world. I also can find the information I need so that I can spend less time on my homework.
Z：It's hard to say. I agree that the Internet is
helpful to our study. But it's not right to spend too much time on the games. And some information on the Internet is bad for our mind. What's more，surfing too much does harm to our eyes. In a word, we should use the Internet in a right way.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Names
Opinions
Li Hua
◇play games
◇listen to music
◇chat with 1.________
Wang Gang
◇get the latest news
◇get useful 2.________
◇do homework 3.________
Zhang Jie
◇be helpful to our study
◇don't spend too much time on the games
◇be bad for our mind and 4.________
◇use the Internet 5.________
【答案解析】
1．our friends/ friends 【解析】李华举了三个例子来说明上网可做的事，即玩游戏、听音乐及和朋友聊天，故此处填(our)friends。www.21-cn-jy.com
2．information 【解析】由王刚的观点可知，上网可以找到需要的资料，即有用的资料，故填information。
3．faster/quickly/more quickly/better/easily... 【解析】王刚认为上网能够找到需要的资料，所以花在家庭作业上的时间更少，即做家庭作业更快或更容易。21*cnjy*com
4．eyes 【解析】由张洁观点的倒数第二句可知是对眼睛有害，故填eyes。
5．in a right way/correctly/properly 【解析】最后一句，张洁总结要用正确的方法使用网络，所以填短语in a right way或副词correctly/properly。
七、 (2017·四川达州)综合任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据文后要求答题。
American schools are quite different from those in China.In America，at the beginning of the term，students must select their courses and teachers first.While in China students usually have no chances to select their courses and teachers.
Selecting is very important for your grades in America.So at the first term，don't select too many courses,4.or you'll feel very nervous and it may influence your study.Then you have to ask for some teaching plans.There is some information about subjects，time arranging，marks and textbooks.At the same
time，you must choose the teachers.Different teachers have different teaching methods.If the teacher is called“killer”by the last grade，many students will give up choosing him.Because this kind of teacher will leave too much homework，too many exams and give too low grades.
There is another thing after you select the course and the teacher.How to buy textbooks makes each student feel hard.The textbooks in America are very expensive.Each copy is about $30～50.In order to save money，many students buy some used textbooks，and some students usually borrow textbooks from the school library.You must get enough ready before class.In class，21教育网
discussing is very important.5.老师鼓励你提出问题或展示你自己的观点。 They don’t usually ask you to sit well.Instead they allow you to sit or stand everywhere you like.They don't give you much homework to do.You can learn some knowledge and do exercises by yourself.So in American schools，you must do almost all things yourself.
根据文章内容，补全1、2句中所缺单词、短语或句子。
1．At the beginning of the new term，American students have to ask for some teaching plans and get their textbooks ready besides ______________.
【解析】由第一段中“In America，at the beginning
of the term，students must select their courses and teachers first.”可知美国学生在新学期开始要自主选择课程和老师。
【答案】selecting(their/the)course(s)and(the)teacher(s)
2．The teacher ______________ will always leave too much homework，too many exams and give too low grades.
【解析】本题要求补全一个定语从句。由第二段中“If the teacher is called‘killer’by the last grade，many students will give up choosing him.Because this kind of teacher will leave too much homework，too many exams and give too low grades.”可确定答案。
【答案】called/named“killer”/who is called/named“killer
3．根据文章内容回答问题。
Why do many students in America buy used textbooks?
___________________________________________________________
【解析】由第三段中“The textbooks in America are very expensive.”及“In order to save money，many students buy some used textbooks，and some students usually borrow textbooks from the school library.”可知其原因。
【答案】Because the textbooks in America are very expensive./Because they want to save money./In order to save money.
4.请将文中黑体字译成汉语。
【答案解析】
【解析】注意or在本句中是转折连词，意为“否则”；feel nervous为系表结构，意为“感到紧张”；influence作动词，意为“影响”。
【答案】否则你会感觉很紧张并且有可能影响你的学习。
5．请将画线句子译成英语。_________________________________________________________
【解析】注意所用固定结构：encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。
【答案】The teacher encourages you to ask/raise questions or show your own opinions/ideas.
八、(2017·甘肃天水)阅读下面短文，简要回答所给问题。
It was near Christmas during my first semester teaching at a new school.I loved my small special class more than any group I had taught in the past.They were hungry for knowledge and I was enjoying teaching.
Other teachers had told me that our children were from poor families and not to expect any child to bring a Christmas gift.In fact，I wasn't expecting any gifts.
Imagine my surprise when every child brought me a gift on the day before our holiday break.First，I got a muchloved stuffed monkey from a shy girl.I was told，“He is my favorite，but I love you and I want him to be with you，Miss Taylor.”How thrilled I was!
Next came a new set of Christmas tree lights that was “missing” from a mother's cupboard.
Finally，I came to one little boy's gift which I had never received.It was an old，dirty and broken Christmas story book.Just when I wanted to express my happiness，I was interrupted(打断)by the giver，“And see，it is new！It still has the price tag.”
When other children laughed at him，I stopped them and said，“Oh，books are good in that way.The story is always new if you have not read it before.Now，let's share one together.”Everyone listened quietly as I read the most wonderful Christmas story of my life.
I still keep those Christmas gifts.They always remind me of my lovely kids.
1．Why did the teacher like her small special class?____________________________
【解析】由第一段的第二、三句“I loved my small
special class more than any group I had taught in the past.They were hungry for knowledge and I was enjoying teaching.”可知答案。
【答案】Because they were hungry for knowledge./Because her class were hungry for knowledge./She liked her special class because they were hungry for knowledge.
2．When did the children bring their teacher gifts?_____________________________
【解析】由第三段的第一句“Imagine my surprise when every child brought me a gift on the day before our holiday
break.”可知，在假期的前一天，孩子们给老师带来了礼物。
【答案】On the day before their holiday break./On the day before their holiday break，they brought their teacher gifts./They brought their teacher gifts on the day before their holiday break.
3．Who sent a stuffed monkey to the teacher?_______________________________________________________
【解析】由第三段的第二句“First，I got a muchloved stuffed monkey from a shy girl.”可知答案。
【答案】A shy girl./A shy girl sent a stuffed monkey
to the teacher.
4．Was the Christmas story book new?________________________________________________________
【解析】由第五段的第二句“It was an old，dirty and broken Christmas story book.”可知，那本圣诞故事书不是新的。【版权所有：21教育】
【答案】No，it wasn't.
How did the teacher feel when she got the gifts?___________________________________
【解析】孩子们来自贫穷的家庭，却给老师带来了各种圣诞礼物：自己最心爱的玩具，偷偷地从妈妈的橱柜里拿来的装饰圣诞树
的灯，很旧的圣诞故事书等，由此推测老师的感受可能是高兴、满意、激动、感动等。
【答案】Happy./Thrilled./Pleased./Excited./Moved./...
She felt happy/thrilled/pleased/excited/moved/...when she got the gifts.
When she got the gifts，she felt happy/thrilled/pleased/excited/moved/...
九、(2017·湖北咸宁)综合任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据文后要求答题。
It is said that more than four million people die each year from smoking. That number is frightening.
Yet people around the world continue to smoke. In the United States, about forty-seven-million adults smoke. This year, more than 430,000 Americans died of diseases which have something to do with smoking. The American Cancer Society(美国癌症协会)says smoking harms the body greatly. It warns that smoking even a number of cigarettes is dangerous.
It’s (63) ______________________________(戒烟是不容易的。)However, doctors say you probably will live longer if you do stop smoking. You will feel better and look better. You also will protect the health of family members who breathe your smoke.
There is not one right way to stop smoking, doctors say. Any way can help. You can take long walks or spend time in places where smoking is not allowed. Also, you can eat a small piece of fruit or vegetable instead of having a cigarette. (64)The sooner you stop smoking, the more you’ll reduce (减少) your chances of getting cancer and other diseases.
Stop smoking before smoking stops you!
(一)根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。
1. How many people die from smoking each year?
2. What does the American Cancer Society say about smoking?
(二)根据短文中所给汉语完成句子。
3. It’s______________________________________________________.2-1-c-n-j-y
(三)把短文中划线的句子翻译成汉语。 4._________________________________________________________.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
(四)给短文拟一个恰当的英文标题。
5. _________________________________________________________
答案：
1. More than four million people die from smoking each year.
2. The American Cancer Society says smoking harms the body greatly.
3. not easy to give up smoking.
4.你戒烟越早，就会更大的减少你患癌症和其他疾病的风险。
5. Stop smoking before smoking stops you!
