高中英语人教版必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars Period Two　Learning about Language & Using Lan

课件53张PPT。Unit 4　Astronomy：the science of the stars基础自测　课文预读内容索引要点探究当堂达标Period Two　Learning about Language & Using Language基础自测1. n.生物学
n.生物学家
2. adj.温和的；文雅的
3. n.物理学家
n.物理学
adj.物理的；身体的
4. n.气候
5. vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落Ⅰ.重点单词biologybiologistgentlephysicistphysicsphysical climatecrash6. n.宇宙飞船
7. n.& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力
8. vt.& vi.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮
n.漂浮物spaceshippullfloatⅡ.重点短语1. 挡住(光线)
2. 感到高兴；感到振奋
3. 既然
4. 熟悉；掌握；理解
5. 突发；爆发
6. 密切注意；当心；提防block outcheer upnow thatget the hang ofbreak outwatch out forⅢ.重点句式When we get closer to the moon，we shall feel its gravity pulling us，but it will not be .
当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们，但月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。1.as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as...as strong a pull as the earth’sBut when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried ____________
on the earth and fell over.
但是当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。 2.倍数的表达：倍数＋as＋adj./adv.(原级)＋as...twice as far as“Oh dear，” I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice _________
__________________.”
“天哪，” 我大声说， “既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。” 3.now that引导原因状语从句now thatgravity has changedWe watched， (amaze) as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased.
我们惊奇地看着，随着地球的引力增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。amazed4.形容词作状语课文预读Ⅰ.根据课文内容判断正(T)、误(F)
1.The force of gravity changed three times and the last change was the most powerful.( )
2.We were too far from the earth to feel its pull.( )
3.On the moon，our weight would be less than on the earth because we were too far from it.( )
4.Leaving the moon’s gravity was as painful as leaving the earth’s.( )
5.Space travel was very exhausting，so the writer didn’t like it at all.( )FFTFFⅡ.课文阅读理解
1.The passage is mainly about .
A.an introduction of the moon
B.the gravity that I felt on my way to the moon
C.my visit to the moon
D.my friend Li Yanping，an astronomer√答案123452.When we were going up，we felt .
A.we were pressed back into our seats
B.we were heavier than we were on the earth
C.as if we were flying
D.the rocket was shaking strongly123√答案453.When or where did the author feel strongest of the gravity of the earth?
A.On the moon.
B.On the half way to the moon.
C.At the very beginning.
D.On their leaving from the moon.123√答案454.Why was the spaceship not falling back to the earth?
A.Because it was too far from the earth to feel its pull.
B.Because it was too big.
C.Because it was far from the moon.
D.Not mentioned in the text.123√答案455.What causes the author to feel that he becomes weightless on the moon?
A.Spaceship.
B.Gravity.
C.His friend.
D.Good feelings of the author.123√答案45要点探究
As the rocket rose into the air，we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth’s gravity.
随着火箭的升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。重点词汇pull n.& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力
pull down拆毁
pull in (火车等)到站，进站；驶向路边(或某处)停靠
pull through康复，痊愈；渡过难关
pull up停车，停止归纳拓展(1)Some old buildings have been pulled down in this area.
这个地区的一些旧建筑已被拆掉。
(2)Don’t worry；your father is going to pull through.
不要担心，你父亲会康复的。语境助记用适当的介、副词填空
(1)The train has already pulled __，and the passengers are boarding it now.
(2)The old warehouse together with some other buildings has been pulled
.
(3)He pulled ___ at the entrance of the cinema.
(4) His injuries are severe but he’s expected to pull________.题组训练indownupthrough
I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.
我立刻感到高兴起来，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着地球越来越小，而月球越来越大。(1)cheer (sb./sth.) up (使)感到高兴；(使)感到振奋
cheer v.& n.欢呼，喝彩，加油
cheer sb.on为某人加油
(2)cheerful adj.高兴的；兴高采烈的
(3)Cheers！干杯！归纳拓展(1)Cheer up！We are near the finishing line.
打起精神，我们临近终点线了。
(2)Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to cheer on her friends.(2016·天津)
凯西没有期待任何奖励，但是仍旧在那里为队友加油鼓劲。
(3)They are both very cheerful in spite of their colds.
他俩虽然感冒了，可都兴高采烈。语境助记完成句子
(1) He took her to the concert to (使她高兴起来).
(2)—I’m thinking of tomorrow’s test.I’m afraid I can’t pass this time.
— (振作起来)！I’m sure you’ll make it.
(3) They gathered round the swimming pool and (为她加油).
(4)______(干杯)! Congratulations on your success!题组训练cheer her upCheer upcheered her on Cheers
We watched，amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased.
我们惊奇地看着，随着地球的引力增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。归纳拓展break out (战争、火灾等)突发；爆发
break away from脱离；逃脱
break down出故障，坏掉；失败；(健康等)垮掉
break in插话；破门而入
break into破门而入
break up粉碎；解散；分手(1)The economic crisis broke out first in the United States.
经济危机首先在美国爆发。
(2)Once you join them，you can never break away from them.
一旦你入了他们的伙，你就永远不能脱离他们。
(3)To my anger，the car broke down on the way.
让我生气的是，汽车在半路上抛锚了。语境助记用适当的介、副词填空
(1)When did you break with your boyfriend?
(2)We were having a heated discussion when he broke .
(3)My brother’s bike broke yesterday，so he had to go to school by bus.
(4)He broke my house and stole my money.
(5)When the fire broke ，many people were shopping in the supermarket.题组训练upindowninto outwatch out (for)密切注意；当心；提防
watch over照看；看守
keep a watch on守望；注视
Watch out for...小心……归纳拓展(1)We have to watch out for fast traffic along here.
这里来往的车辆开得很快，我们必须得小心。
(2)Watch out！There is a car coming!
小心！有辆车开过来了！
(3)The lifeguard was keeping a watch on the children playing in the pool.
救生员守望着在水池里玩耍的孩子们。语境助记完成句子
(1)他外出期间，我照管他的房子。
I his house while he was out.
(2)乘客被告诫要当心小偷。
The passengers were warned to thieves.题组训练watched overwatch out for经典句式
When we get closer to the moon，we shall feel its gravity pulling us，but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth’s.
当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们，但月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。as strong a pull as the earth’s属于“as/so...as...”结构。as...as...结构的具体形式有：
as/so＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋as...像……一样的……
as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as...像……一样……归纳拓展和……一样多as/so much＋不可数名词＋as...
as/so many＋可数名词复数＋as...(1)He is so clever a boy as everyone likes.
他是一个人人都喜欢的聪明孩子。
(2)His bedroom is not as/so neat as his elder sister’s.
他的卧室没有他姐姐的整洁。
(3)You’ve made as many mistakes as I have.
你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。语境助记完成句子
(1) He swims (和我游得一样快).
(2) Deng Chao is (当演员和当歌手都一样出色).题组训练as fast as Ias good an actor as he is a singer
But when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.
但是当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。twice as far as...是一种倍数的表示方法，意为“是……的两倍远”。
倍数的表示法：
(1)倍数＋as＋adj./adv.(原级)＋as...
(2)倍数＋比较级＋than...
(3)倍数＋the size(height/length/width...)＋of...
(4)倍数＋what从句
(5)倍数＋that of...归纳拓展(1)This road is twice as wide as that road.
这条路是那条路的两倍宽。
(2)The room is twice the size of my brother’s room.
这屋子是我哥哥屋子的两倍大。
(3)The price of the house this year is twice what it was last year.
今年房价是去年的两倍。语境助记一句多译
这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍长。
(1)This table is that one.
(2)This table is that one.
(3)This table is that one.题组训练three times as long asthree times the length oftwice longer than
“Oh dear，” I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”
“天哪，” 我大声说， “既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”(1)now that既然，由于，引导原因状语从句，在口语中可以省略that。与now that意思相近的有seeing that，since等。
(2)就像although/though不能与but连用，because不能与so连用一样，当now that引导的从句表示原因时，主句前不能加so。
注意：引导原因状语的介词短语：due to，thanks to，because of，as a result of，owing to，on account of等。归纳拓展(1)Now (that) you have mentioned it，I’ll keep it in mind.
既然你提到了，我会记在心里。
(2)Since the professor’s lecture is very interesting，why not go and attend it?
既然教授的报告很有趣，为什么不参加呢？
(3)Seeing that nobody was at home，I had to leave.
由于没人在家，我也只好走了。语境助记易混辨析now that，because，since，as，for
(1)now that：说明已经成为事实的原因，常意为“既然”。
(2)because：语气最强，回答的是用why提问的问句，表示直接的或为人所不知的原因。
(3)since：表示间接附带的众所周知的原因，意为“既然”，常放在句首。
(4)as：表示一种明显的、已知的理由，意为“由于”。
(5)for：是并列连词，用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释，不一定是真正的原因，不能放在主句前面。完成句子
(1)既然天气那么好，我们去野餐吧。
the weather is fine，let’s go for a picnic.
(2)——你为什么这么做？
——因为这对我们所有人都有好处。
—Why did you do this?
— it is good for all of us.题组训练Now (that) Because(3)昨天晚上一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。
It must have rained last night the ground is wet.for当堂达标Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The there is very warm，so you will enjoy living there.
2.Look！There is something (漂浮) on the river.
3.Don’t (拉) so hard or the handle will go off.
4.As we all know，Qian Xuesen is a famous .
5.The young man knows little about Newton’s law of (万有引力).
6.The plane in the air and many passengers were killed.climatefloatingpullphysicistgravitycrashed7.Have you what the teacher explained?
8. ！The world is not at an end!
9. the stairs—they’re steep.
10.A big fire on August 12th,2015 in Tianjin Port.
11.A train the back of another near the city，killing dozens of people.Ⅱ.选词填空
watch out for，break out，cheer up，crash into，get the hang ofgot the hang ofCheer upWatch out forbroke outcrashed intoⅢ.完成/翻译句子
12.北京是我家乡的十倍大。(至少2种表达方式)
______________________________________
_________________________________________
_______________________________________
13.由于看过了她的生活状况，我们才知道为什么她需要那么多钱。
__________ we’ve seen how she lives，we know why she needs so much money.Beijing is ten times as big as my hometown.Beijing is nine times bigger than my hometown.Beijing is ten times the size of my hometown.Now (that) 14.这就是为什么我们会感到好像没有重力的原因。
That’s why we feel no gravity at all.
15.——你认为这个公园怎么样？
——我认为它和我们上星期去得那个一样漂亮。
—What do you think of the park?
—I think it is the one we visited last week.
16.下一步该做什么我们仍然不知道。
remains unknown.as if/though there was as beautiful a park asWhat we should do next Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Last month I 17._____(pay) a visit to the moon with my friend. Before we left，I 18.________(tell) the force of gravity would change three times 19.___ our journey.Then we took off.As we left 20.____earth，we became very heavy.21.__________(gradual) the weight lessened.22.______ we were in space，it disappeared. We floated 23.___________ (weightless) around in the spaceship cabin and I cheered up. When we were on the moon， I was surprised to find even 24.________(walk) needed a bit of practice nowpaidwas toldonthe GraduallyWhenweightlesslywalkingthat gravity had changed.The returning to the earth was very 25.___________(frighten)． We were amazed 26._________(watch) fire break out on the outside of the spaceship.frighteningto watch本课结束