课件46张PPT。Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.R·八年级下册Section A 1a-2dclean up
cheer
cheer up
give out
volunteer
come up with
put off打扫(或清除)干净
v. 欢呼；喝彩
(使)变得更高兴；振奋起来
分发；散发
v. 义务做；自愿做
n. 志愿者
想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)
推迟Words reviewsign
notice
hand out
call up
used to
lonely
care forn. 标志；信号
n. 通知；通告；注意
v. 注意到；意识到
分发
打电话给(某人)；征召
曾经……；过去……
adj. 孤独的；寂寞的
照顾；非常喜欢Lead-inHave you ever been a volunteer? 志愿者: 利用业余时间，不为任何报酬参与社会服务的人Volunteer: A person who uses his/her spare time to participate in social services without any rewardWatch the videoWhat can we do to help people?We could help to clean up the parks.What can we do to help people?We could help old people.What can we do to help people?We could help to plant trees. What can we do to help people?We could help sick people in the hospital.What can we do to help people?We could help to clean up the streets.Look at the ways you could help people in the picture. Then list other ways. I hope to work outside.You could
help to clean up the city parks.Other ways you could help people1. ________________________________
2. ________________________________
3. _______________________________________
4. ________________________________Help to plant trees by the riverHelp to clean up the city parkVisit the old people in the old people’s homeHelp young kids to learn EnglishOutside school:
*help the traffic police
*work in an old people’s home
*clean up street
*clean the chairs in the parkAt school:
*help clean the blackboard
*help the teacher to collect and give out exercise books
*help classmates to learn their lessons___ The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to
cheer them up.
___ The boy could give out food at the food bank.
___ The girl could volunteer in an after-school study
program to teach kids.
___ The boy could help to clean up the city parks.Listen and number the ways the boy and girl could help others.1234I’d like/hope/want to…You could…· cheer up sick kids
· help homeless people
· work outside
· help kids with their
schoolwork· give out food at the food
bank to help feed them
· volunteer in an after-school
study program to teach kids
· clean up the city parks
· ask hospitals to let you visit
the kidsListen again and match.Conversation 1
Boy 1: I hope to work outside.
Girl 1: You could help to clean up the city parks.
Conversation 2
Boy 2: I’d like to help homeless people.
Girl 1: You could give out food at the food bank to
help feed them.Tapescripts情态动词could用来表达如何为他人提供帮助，含有建议的语气用来表达意愿：
I hope to…
I want to…
I’d like to = I would Conversation 3
Girl 2: I want to cheer up sick kids.
Girl 1: You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids.
Conversation 4
Girl 1: I’d like to help kids with their schoolwork.
Girl 2: You could volunteer in an after-school study
program to teach kids.Practice the conversation in the picture above. Then make other conversations using the information in 1b.I hope to work outside.You could help to clean up the city parks. Read the phrases below. And then match them with the pictures.put an ad on TVput up some signscall up friendsput an ad in the newspaper give out notices —What can we do on City Park Clean-Up Day?
—We can ___________________A group of students are planning a City Park Clean-Up Day. Listen and check (√) the things they are going to do to tell people about it. abcde√√√Listen again. Fill in the blanks.1. We need to _____ ____ _____ a plan to tell people
about the city park clean-up.
2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now. We
can’t ____ ____ making a plan.
3. We could ____ ____ signs.come up withput offput up4. Let’s make some notices, too. Then I’ll ____ them
____ after school.
5. We could each ____ ___ 10 students and ask them
to come.handcall up outTapescriptsBoy 1: Now we need to come up with a plan to tell people
about the city park clean-up.
Girl 1: Yeah, but I’m hungry, Bob. Let’s have lunch first.
Girl 2: No, we need to start now. Clean-up Day is only two
weeks from now.
Boy 2: You’re right, Sally. We can’t put off making a plan.
As we talk, I’ll write down all our ideas. Then we
can decide which ideas are best.提出；想出推迟写下Girl 1: Um…well…we could put up signs.
Boy 2: That’s a good idea!
Girl 2: Let’s make some notices, too. Then I’ll hand them
out after school.
Boy 1: OK. Great! And we could each call up 10 students
and ask them to come.
Boy 2: Hey, we’re coming up with a lot of good ideas,
aren’t we?张贴分发打电话给某人；征召Make a conversation using the information in 2a and 2b. We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean-Up Day.Let’s have lunch first. No, we need to start now. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now. Have you ever worked in an old people’s home?
What can we do at an old people’s home?养老院read the newspaper to the old people
talk to/with them
listen to them
dance for them
help them clean their rooms
write to their friends or family for themWe can Read the conversation and answer the questions.1. Where’s Helen going to work this summer?
_______________________________________She’s going to work in an old people’s home. 2. What is Helen doing?
_______________________________________
_______________________________________She’s making some plans to work in an old people’s home this summer.3. What did Tom do to help the old people?
_______________________________________
_______________________________________Reading the newspaper or just talking to the old people. 4. Why did Tom and Helen think that they should listen to and care for the old people?
_______________________________________
_______________________________________Because a lot of old people are lonely and we’re all going to be old one day, too.Helen: Hi, Tom. I’m making some plans to work in an
old people’s home this summer.
Tom: Really? I did that last summer!
Helen: Oh, what did they ask you to help out with?
Tom: Mmm… things like reading the newspaper to the
old people, or just talking to them. They told me
stories about the past and how things used to be.Role-play the conversation.Helen: That sounds interesting.
Tom: Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. We should
listen to them and care for them.
Helen: You’re right. I mean, we’re all going to be old
one day, too.Try to recite the conversations.Helen: Hi, Tom. I’m ________________________ in an old people’s
home this summer.
Tom: Really? I did that last summer!
Helen: Oh, what did they ______________________?
Tom: Mm…things like reading the newspaper to the old people,
or just ___________ them. They told me stories about the
past and how things _________.
Helen: That sounds interesting.
Tom: Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. We should
_____________ and _____________.
Helen: You’re right. I mean, we’re all going to be old one day, too.making some plans to workask you to help out withtalking toused to belisten to themcare for themHelen is making plans to work in an old people’s home this summer. Tom volunteered there last summer. He ____ the newspaper to the old people or just ________ them. The old people _______________ about the past and how things ______ be. They are lonely. We should ________ them and _______ them, as we are all going to be old _______, too.Fill in the blanks according to the conversation.readtalked totold Tom storieslisten tocare forone dayused to1.The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital
to cheer them up.cheer up意为“使振奋；使高兴起来”，是动副短语。若是代词作宾语，代词应放在cheer与up中间。等我们听到李娜赢得比赛时，我们都欢呼了起来。
We all cheered up when we heard Li Na won the prize.Language points2.The boy could give out food at the food bank.give out意为“分发；发放”，相当于hand out,它们都是“动词+副词”结构的短语。老师分发了我们的考试试卷。
The teacher gave/handed out our test papers.【拓展】
(1)give out还可表示“发出（光、热、声音、气味等）”。
太阳给大地散发光和热。
The sun gives out light and heat to the earth.
(2)与out相关的短语：
look out 小心 eat out在外面吃饭
break out 发生 break out爆发
work out想出；解决 go out出去3.We need to come up with a plan for the City Park
Clean-Up Day.come up with意为“（针对问题、方法等）提出或想出（主意等）”，相当于think up/of，其主语通常为人，且不用于被动语态。这个聪明的男孩通常能提出一些好主意。
The clever boy usually comes up with some good ideas.4.They told me stories about the past and how
things used to be.used to后跟动词原形,表示“过去常常做某事”.“used to +动词原形”的各种句式：
（1）肯定句：主语+used to+动词原形+其他.
他们过去住在北京。
They used to live in Beijing.(2)否定句：“主语+didn’t use to +动词原形+其他.”
或“主语+ usedn’t to + 动词原形+其他.”，在口语
中常用“didn’t use to”。例句：我过去不留长发。
I didn’t use to have long hair.
I usedn’t to have long hair.(3)一般疑问句：“Did+主语+use to+动词原形+其他?”
或“Used+主语+to+动词原形+其他?”例句：你过去经常弹钢琴吗？
Did you use to play the piano?
Used you to play the piano? 5.We should listen to them and care for them.care for 表示“照顾；照料”
相当于 take care of 或 look after。孩子们在幼儿园被照顾得很好。
The children are well cared for in the kindergarten.
The children are taken good care of in the kindergarten.Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks. He helps ____ the classroom.
A. cleans up B. cleaning up C. clean up
2. I took her to the concert to ____.
A. cheer up her B. cheer her up
C. cheer she up
3. Let’s help ___ food at the food bank.
A. to give out B. give up C. giving out Exercise 1. You’d better _____ ___ ____ (想出) a better plan.
2. Who will ________ ___ ______ (自愿回答) this
question?
3. You could put up a ______ (布告) here. Ⅱ. Complete the sentences.come up withvolunteer to answernotice4. With no one to talk to. He _____ very ______ ( 感觉很孤独).
5. The life _____ ___ ___ (曾经是) very
interesting in my school days. lonelyfeltused to be 课件43张PPT。Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.R·八年级下册Section A 3a-4cRead the words three times.
Then guess the word under each pictures.Word magicseveralstrongfeelingsatisfactionjoyownerjourneyraisealoneLead-inLook at the picture and the title on page 11, then answer the questions.1. Where are the boy and the man?Maybe they’re in an animal hospital. 2. What does the man do?Maybe he is an animal doctor.Before you readStudents Who VolunteerNo, “Volunteer” tells us they work for free. 3. Do the students work for money?4. Where are the girls in the picture? Perhaps they are in the library. 5. What are they doing? They’re reading books. Read and answer the questions.He loves animals. She loves reading books.2. What does Mary love?1. What does Mario love? 4. What did they do there?3. Where did they volunteer to work? Mario volunteered to work at an animal hospital.
Mary volunteered for a volunteer after-school
reading program.Mario cared for the animals.
Mary helped kids learn to read.Students Who VolunteerMario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others.
Mario loves animals and wants to be an animal doctor. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. Mario believes it can help him to get
his future dream job. “It’s hard work,”
he says, “but I want to learn more
about how to care for animals. I get
such a strong feeling of satisfaction
when I see the animals get better and
the look of joy on their owners’ faces.”Mary is a book lover. She could read by herself at the age of four. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read. “The kids are sitting in the library, but you can see in
their eyes that they’re going on
a different journey with each
new book. Volunteering here is
a dream come true for me. I can
do what I love to do and help
others at the same time.”Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others.
Mario loves animals and wants to be an animal doctor. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job. “It’s hard work,” he says,“but I want to learn more
about how to care for animals. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners’ faces.”主题兴趣志愿观点Structural analysisMary is a book lover. She could read by herself at the age of four. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read. “The kids are sitting in the library, but you can see in their eyes that they’re going on a different journey with each new book. Volunteering here is a dream come true for me. I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.”兴趣观点志愿Read the article again and answer the questions. Why do Mario and Mary volunteer to help others?Mario volunteers at the animal hospital because he loves animals and wants to be an animal doctor. He believes that his volunteer work can help him to get his future dream job. Mary volunteers because she loves books and enjoys helping kids learn to read.2. What do they say about volunteering?Mario says it is hard work, but he gets a strong feeling of satisfaction when he sees the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners’ faces. Mary says it is a dream come true for her, and she can do what she loves to do and help others at the same time.Use infinitives to complete the sentences below. 1. Mario would like _____ an animal doctor.
2. Mario works for an animal hospital because he
wants _______ about how _______ for animals. to beto learnto care3. Mary decided ________ for a job at an after-school reading program last year. She still works there now _______ kids learn to read.
4. Mary has a dream job because she can do what she loves ____________. to try outto helpto doLanguage points目的状语1. Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others. 介词短语作后置修饰语，翻译时应提前。2. Mario believes it can help him to get his future
dream job. 马里奥相信这会帮助他获得他的梦想职业。help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事；
help后的不定式符号to，可以省略。迈克叫上他妹妹帮助他找钥匙。
Mike called on his sister to help him look for his lost keys. 3. …but I want to learn more about how to care for animals. 但是我想学习更多关于如何照顾动物的事。want to do sth. 想要做某事。to不定式做want的宾语。爷爷想借给我们钱去买一辆新车。
Grandpa wanted to lend us some money to buy
a new car. 4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
她决定去参加一个志愿者课外阅读选拔活动。decide to do sth. 决定去做某事；to不定式做宾语。他决定结婚。
He?decided?to get married. 动词不定式结构SummarizeI’d like to (do)…
ask sb. to (do)…
let sb. do…
volunteer…to help sb. (do)…
learn to do…
decide to do…
help sb. to do…
make … to (do)想要做……
叫某人做……
让某人做……
志愿帮助某人做……
学习做……
决定做……
帮助某人做……
让某人做……1. I want _________ (become) a teacher one day.
2. It’s very useful _______ (learn) foreign language.
3. He showed me how ______ (use) a computer.
4. She got a job ______ (take) care of an old man.
5. You should run quickly _______ (catch) the bus.根据提示完成下列句子。to becometo learnto useto taketo catch下列不定式结构分别在句中充当什么成分？作宾语：主语+谓语V. + to do作宾补：主语+谓语V.+sb.+ to 目的状语动词不定式1. 动词不定式的形式 动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，常写作to do(有时to可以省略)，否定形式为not to do。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。2.动词不定式的用法作主语：一般位于句首，谓语动词用单数。 为了避免句子“头重脚轻”，往往用it代替不定式作形式主语，而将不定式放在后面作真正的主语。例句：学外语很有用。
It’s very useful to learn foreign languages.作宾语：主语+谓语V. + to do
不定式常出现在一些及物动词后，构成动词短语。
如：want to do, plan to do, agree to do, learn to do等另一种是“及物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式”。
例句：他教我如何使用手机。
He taught me how to use mobile phone.作宾语补足语
常接不定式作宾语补足语的词有tell, ask, want, teach, allow, promise, order, advise, expect, wish, invite, encourage 等。
他们请他在宴会上唱一首流行歌曲。
They asked him to sing a pop song at the party.作表语
一、主语是不定式(表条件)；表语也是不定式(表结果)
例句：工作意味着谋生。
To work means to earn a living．
二、动词不定式做表语常用于以下结构：My job/
dream/goal/aim is…
例句：他的梦想是在不久的将来出国学习。
His aim is to study abroad in the near future．作定语：不定式作定语应放于被修饰词之后。
例句：我想吃点东西。
I want to have something to eat.作目的状语
动词不定式可表示某一动作或状态的目的，位于句首或句尾。
例句：她提高了她的声音，以便听得更好。
She raised her voice to be heard better．
他将去车站见他的朋友。
He will go to the station to meet his friends.? 在感官动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice, listen to, look at 之后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
例句：半小时前我看见她离开了。
I saw her leave half an hour ago.help后的不定式可省略to，也可以带上to
例句：我哥哥经常帮助我做家务。
My brother often helps me (to) do the housework.一感(feel)二听(listen to, hear)
三让(let, make, have )四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，
半帮助(help)(即在动词 help 后面作宾语补足语时，to可有可无)”。 与特殊疑问词连用：放在what, which, where, when, which, who, how等词之后。
他不知道怎样回答这个问题。
He has no idea of how to answer this question.
还没有决定什么时候举行会议。
When?to?hold?the?meeting?has?not?been?decided. Complete the sentences.1. My brother wants _____ (be) a pilot.
2. You’ll never learn ______ (ride) a bike if you
don’t practice.
3. Mike taught his grandpa how _____ (use) the
computer.to rideto beto use4. Mr. Smith helped the young man ______ (find)
a job.
5. The students decided _______ (work) out the
problem by themselves.
6. He volunteers _______ (work) on the farm.to findto workto workFill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box.put up
hand out
call up
cheer up
come up with give out put off1. I want to ______ my plan to work
in an animal hospital until next
summer. I’m too busy with my
studies this year. put off2. She hopes to ______ at least five
primary schools to ask if they need
volunteers for their after-school
programs. call up3. Our class is trying to ____________
some ideas to _______ sick children
because they are often sad. 4. We decided to ______ signs around
the school and ________ notices to
tell students about the book sale.
We will _______ the money from the
sale to homeless people. come up withcheer up put uphand outgive output up
hand out
call up
cheer up
come up with give out put offFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.help move do make visit spend Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs 1.________ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what 2. _______ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do 3. _______ others. to maketo doto helphelp move do make visit spend There are many people who are less lucky than us. Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way 4. ________ our free time. For example, we can make plans 5.______ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year 6. _______ to another place, like one of the countries in Africa, and help people there.to spendto visit to moveComplete the sentences with your own ideas. Use infinitives.1. I’d like to volunteer ____________________
______________________________________
2. At 12: a.m., I called my friend ____________
______________________________________ to help kids with their
homework. to play soccer
together in the afternoon.3. I’m very busy but I could help ____________
_______________________________________
4. Summer vacation is coming, and I
want __________________________________
5. I want to travel alone. My parents
told me (not) ____________________________ take the trash
out after dinner.to go camping with my friends.not to do that.
