（课标版）云南省2018年中考英语总复习第三部分重难题型精讲题型三阅读理解类型三7选5句子还原型试题

类型三 7选5句子还原型
(A)短文型
话题一 教育引导(省卷5年2考)
Passage 1(2017荆州改编)
This teenager can cook and his mum is very happy with him.
__1__ He goes to school, does his homework, meets his friends and enjoys playing sports. But between 5：30 and 6：30 from Monday to Friday, Tom does something different. He cooks dinner for all the family：mum, dad, younger brother Joe and elder sister Emma.
“ 2 Maths and English are important, of course, but they also need other skills to help them in today's world. First I taught Tom how to cook easy meals, like pizza, eggs and chips. __3__ Yesterday he made vegetable soup. It was good! We all liked it very much. ” Tom's mum says.
“I love cooking and I think I'm really good at it. __4__ I don't know why, it isn't difficult and it's of great fun！”Tom says.
In the past, Tom didn't help out at home and his mum wasn’t pleased with him. 5
A. I can not cook well. B. None of my friends cook. C. Tom is like any other teenager. D. We don't know how to cook soup. E. Today, things are different and she is very happy. F. Then he started using the recipes in some cookbooks. G. I think it's important for teenagers to learn how to cook.
Passage 2(2018曲靖二模)
Have you ever done housework Most of us probably answer, “No, never.” Most of us think cleaning the bathroom or cooking is boring. However, the fact is that someone has to do it. 1
2 However if we all do some housework, it will seem less annoying(恼人的). Why should your mother wash your dirty dishes Part of growing up is being able to take care of yourself. Please do a few things!
Some of us may think that we are so busy that we can't do housework. But most parents work all day and are then expected to keep a clean house! 3 It seems much better to have three or more people together keep the house clean.
__4__ It can be very fun if you are creative. Learning how to cook a meal is a great skill. If you learn how to cook your favorite food, you will show others that you have a very special talent.
Don't be afraid to help around the house, your parents will greatly like it. The next time you see something that needs to be done at home, do it yourself and show that you can do anything! __5__ It helps you to understand the idea of fairness.
A. Dividing housework among the whole family will make everyone's job easier. B. Most of the time our parents end up doing housework. C. Let’s take cleaning the room as an example. D. Doing housework is really not as good as it sounds. E. Cooking is one part of housework. F. Don't do housework at home. G. Anyway, doing housework is not so difficult.
话题二 观点建议
Passage 3(2018原创)
Confidence(自信) is very important in daily life. It can help you to develop a healthy attitude. A study shows that the people who are more confident are much happier. They can have more chances to make themselves successful. 1
Speak aloud
When you are not confident, you can't do well what you want to do. __2__ Try to speak aloud so that people can hear you clearly. The high voice can help you become more confident.
__3__
Physical exercise makes you tired but completely relaxed. When you are playing sports, you will be full of confidence.
Encourage yourself
Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well. __4__ You helped your mother with the housework. You told a joke that made someone laugh. Give yourself praise for the good things you've done.
Get rid of (消除) fear
Fear comes along with failure(失败). But it's easy to overcome if you know that failure is a part of your life. __5__ Try to start again and believe you can do better.
Pick up a hobby
If you like singing, sing as much as you can. In some ways, a hobby can make you outstanding. And it will make you happy and confident.
A. I want to be confident. B. Play sports C. Don't hide your head just because you said something stupid last time. D. There are some suggestions.E. Exercise is very interesting. F. You finished your homework.G. You speak in a voice so low that other people can hardly hear you.
Passage 4 (2018原创)
We all have days when we are down, tired and unhappy. That's OK. You need days like this, or how would you know you are happy __1__ Even if sadness is a part of life, let's try to make it small. Here are a few simple ways to help you feel better when you are feeling sad.
Stand up straight. This helps your energy flow (流动). When your energy is flowing freely, you can flow, too.
Smile! __2__ This way can not only keep you in a good mood but also bring others a good mood.
Listen to music. 3 . Such as classical, jazz, pop and so on. Some kinds of music work better than others, so try and find out what kind of music works the best for you.
Take some “me” time. You can find pleasure in reading a book, watching a sunrise, having a hot bath, or something like that.
Exercise. 4 It is also a great way to clear anything in your mind that makes you sad.
These ways will cheer you up when you are down, but don't just use them when you are sad. Try and practice them every day to make them a habit. __5__ But if you are in a deep depression (沮丧), go to see a doctor.
A. Different people have different taste on music.B. It's easy to do and has good results. C. Your favorite one is sure to be the best choice. D. You'll enjoy your good days after having a few bad days. E. Even something as simple as taking a walk will make your blood flow. F. Being with someone who's really happy can put you in a good mood. G. You will be surprised to learn that these simple ways will keep your sadness away.
话题三 哲理故事
Passage 5(2018原创)
A god had a horse. The horse was beautiful and it also had many good qualities. But it still wanted to be more perfect in every way. It especially wanted to become the most beautiful horse in the world.
One day the horse said to the god, “You have given me beauty and many good qualities. __1__ But how I wish you could make me more beautiful! I would be extremely, extremely grateful(感激的) if you could make me more beautiful.”
The god said, “I will make you more beautiful. 2
The horse said, “I think my neck is too short. If you can make my neck a little longer, my upper body will be more beautiful. 3 ”
The god said, “Amen！” Then immediately a camel appeared in place of the horse. The horse was so sad that it started to cry, “My Lord, I wanted to become more beautiful. __4__ ”
The god said, “This is exactly what you asked for. You have become a camel.”
The horse cried, “Oh, no, I do not want to become a camel! 5 ”
The god said, “Never try to achieve or receive more than I have given you. ”
A. I wish to remain a horse. B. I am so grateful to you. C. I wish I could be a camel. D. Tell me in what way you want to be changed. E. I promise you I can make you more beautiful than now. F. I don't like this kind of appearance.G. And if you can make my legs longer and thinner. I will look more beautiful in my lower body.
Passage 6(2018预测)
A big tree grew in a forest. It was full of leaves and fruit.
Many birds came to the tree to eat the fruit. One day a hunter came here to catch birds. He spread a net under the tree and put some food on the net. __1__
A large number of doves(鸽子) were flying from far away. Seeing the food on the ground they circled over the place. The crow shouted to them, “Oh birds! Don't try to eat the food below! A bird catcher has spread a net to catch you！” __2__ They all came down to eat the food.
Their legs were caught in the net, and they started crying. The leader of the doves said, “Don't be so sad, friends. __3__ If all of us rise from the ground at the same time, the net will easily fly with us. The hunter will not be able to catch us！”
“Oh, yes, yes！” shouted the other doves. __4__
The doves had a mouse friend. 5 The mouse did so, and all the doves escaped.
A. A crow saw him doing this. B. Let's all fly up into the air with the net. C. The doves want to find a safe place. D. Then he was angry that a crow was flying over his head. E. They called him and asked him to gnaw (咬)at the net. F. But the doves were so hungry that they did not listen to the crow. G. Then, all the doves were excited to fly up into the air.
话题四 说明介绍
Passage 7(2018原创)
If you live in Australia, you can swim at the beach or in your backyard pool in summer.
1 But there is a serious side to summer that you might not know about.
2 There are lots of trees and dry grass in remote (偏远的) areas that can easily catch fire. Even throwing a burning cigarette out of a car window can start a dangerous fire. __3__
In February there were more than 80 different bushfires(丛林大火) burning at the same time in New South Wales, a southeastern state of Australia. The newspaper reported that 42 homes were burned to the ground because of these fires. These homes are not like Chinese ones. They are huge farms. Many Australian properties (房产) are larger than 1，000 sq km. __4__
The hot weather also causes other problems. 5 People can get sick if they stay outside for too long or don’t drink enough water.
A. That is why summer is also known as “bushfire season” in Australia. B. It was so hot in February that thousands of animals died from the heat. C. Global warming is getting worse. D. If the temperature goes over 40℃， it will be very dangerous. E. There is no doubt that the season is usually a fun time of year. F. How much water do we need in the heat G. And the biggest is more than 20，000 sq km, even larger than Beijing!
Passage 8(2018原创)
Here I'll introduce a new book to you.
The American book Who Moved My Cheese has been a best seller all over the world. __1__ It is just for teens. The book tells us that when facing changes in our life, like a new school or new readers, don't be afraid of using this change to make a better life.
The book gives an example of a change at school. A school is changing from having two terms to three terms because there are too many students. 2 Most of them are unhappy and worried. But Chris is not. He laughs and tells a story about two mice, two“little people”and some cheese.
The two mice are in a maze(迷宫)looking for the cheese. __3__ But they find the cheese gone. The mice realize that they can't change what has happened and have to find more cheese. This means finding different dreams. 4 They are afraid of change like the mice, so they find no cheese.
After Chris finishes the story, the readers have a great discovery to get more cheese. __5__ They understand how this can be used in the changes all teens face, such as doing well at school or feeling good about themselves.
A. The little people can't do this. B. It teaches people how to face changes in their life. C. They learn from the two mice. D. And they are fond of cheese very much. E. Several teens are talking about this. F. There's something important in it. G. Here, cheese means something important in life.
话题五 乐学善学
Passage 9(2018原创)
There are some skills for students to listen to teacher in class, which means you're going to have to practice it. Just as you would have to practice basketball to be a better player, you also have to practice listening. How to listen in school 1
One of the things you need to do is to make sure that your mind doesn't wander(漫游). It's easy to start thinking about other things, especially when you're not interested in the subject. 2
Next, listen for the main ideas. If you want to catch every little piece of information, you'll feel tired and bored. 3 Not only does this show respect(尊敬) to the teacher, it also helps prevent your mind from wandering. 4 Or it could just be someone talking to their neighbors who shouldn't be, it can even be some birds outside the classroom window, or a group of kids who are talking loudly as they pass the door to your room.
Finally, you need to take notes because you will not remember everything the teacher said. You'll have to take down the notes so that you can study it after class. __5__ Listening isn't always easy, but if you follow these simple steps, you'll be much more successful in your classes.
A. Here are some suggestions. B. You'll also need to look at the teacher. C. Helping with each other is a good way. D. Taking notes also makes you pay attention to the class. E. You don't need to take too many notes in class. F. It might be a friend who is trying to pass you a note. G. So make yourself pay attention to what the teacher is saying.
Passage 10(2018原创)
1 Now, let me tell you some ways to improve your memory.
My first advice is that if you want to remember something well, you have to go over it regularly(有规律地). You might review the material two days after you learn it, then a week later, then two weeks later, and then a month later. 2
My second advice is to use a colored pen to highlight(标注) the important parts in your book. 3 When you open your book, the colored parts will show you the key points quickly.
__4__ Review all the information in your mind right before you go to sleep. Your brain is working while you are sleeping. If you think about the information before you go to sleep, you might be able to remember it better. Another good time for remembering information is in the morning. 5
A. Many people find it difficult to remember things. B. Enough sleep is very important for people's health. C. It's a good idea to copy all the information down. D. Another piece of advice is to make full use of the good time. E. It will help you pay attention to the most important parts. F. You have just had a good rest and your brain is fresh and clear. G. After a month you will find that you can easily remember the material.
话题六 外国文化
Passage 11(2018原创)
Americans use many expressions with the word “dog”. People in the United States love their dogs and treat them well. They take their dogs for walks, let them play outside and give them good food and medical care. 1 The expression, to lead a dog's life, describes a person who has an unhappy life.
Some people say we live in a dog eat dog world. We have to face with fierce competition every day. 2 They say that to be successful, a person has to work like a dog. This means they have to work very, very hard. 3 And the situation would be even worse if they became sick as a dog.
Still, people say every dog has its day. This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life. To be successful, people often have to learn new skills.
__4__ They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way they do things.
Dog expressions are also used to describe the weather. __5__ A rainstorm may cool the weather. But we do not want it to rain too hard. We do not want it to rain cats and dogs.
A. Dogs are our friends. B. We can communicate with dogs. C. Such hard work can make people dog tired. D. The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year. E. Some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks yet. F. However, dogs without owners to care for them lead a different kind of life. G. That means many people are competing for the same things, like good jobs.
Passage 12(2018原创)
We all know that France is a fantastic country especially its perfume(香水) and fashionable dress(时装). 1 Things about manners in France are very different from the way they are in other countries. For example, you're not supposed to put your bread on your plate. You're supposed to put it on the table!
2 Because it’s very different from the way that is in your home. In the most countries, people are used to putting dishes or other things except bread on the table.
__3__ You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. It's also different from other countries that people get used to eating fruit with hands after they are washed. And some other food that are usually eaten with hands, including pizza, sandwiches, burgers and crisps. Another thing is that it's impolite to say you're full. __4__ Also, you're not supposed to put your elbows on the table. I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything. __5__
A. But you should be gradually used to adapting to it.B. All of the people can accept everything. C. You may think that is pretty strange at first.D. You don't find French customs so strange anymore. E. There are some different manners in France.F. If you don't want any more food, you should just say, “That was delicious.”G. Another example is that you're not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit.
话题七 科普知识
Passage 13(2018原创)
Do some colors make you feel calm while others give you energy Scientists have studied the connection between color and mood (心情) for a long time. 1
Warm, bright colors such as yellow and red are positive(积极的) colors. __2__ Cool colors such as blue, purple, and green are relaxing colors. They help people calm down. Many public places are decorated(装饰)with certain colors in order to create certain moods. Orange makes people feel hungry. 3 People use colors in their homes to create moods as well. Blue is a peaceful color. It helps you sleep quickly, so it is a very good color for a bedroom. 4 Some types of blue make people feel sad. Red can also make people feel angry.
What is your mood right now __5__ Does it match your mood
A. They can give people a pleasant feeling. B. So many restaurants are painted in this color. C. Now look at the color of the walls around you. D. However, colors can create bad moods, too. E. They find that color can influence (影响) our moods. F. You'd better paint your bedroom in the color you like. G. Life is like a beautiful picture, full of different colors.
Passage 14(2018原创)
Wonder why you get angry so easily while your friend smiles all the time 1
Personality (性格) is also about how people think, behave, and react(反应) to everything around them from day to day. So why do people think and behave in certain ways
__2__ A baby gets its blood type, genes(基因) and other physical things when it's still inside its mother. These things may help decide what the baby will be like.
__3__ Family life, school learning and life experiences can also make you the person you are. This doesn't mean it's impossible to change your personality. You can always try to make yourself better. Don't get too worried about your shortcomings (缺点). Just accept them. This is a good way to start making changes.
If you don't know how to make friends, find out why. __4__ Tell yourself to smile at people. Start talking to people with warm greetings.
Don't give yourself a hard time about it. 5 Keep working at it. One day you'll see that you can turn over a new leaf and be a different person.
A. Maybe it is because you're too shy.B. Don't give up when you are in trouble. C. A shy person can make many friends. D. But one’s personality doesn't stop here. E. Part of the reason is that people are born like this. F. It's not easy to change lifelong habits in one night. G. It's probably because you have different personalities.
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了汤姆做饭的经历以及学会做饭后汤姆的一些变化。
1. C　【解析】结合下句可知他去上学，做作业，和朋友们一起玩，再结合备选项可知此空应该是说他和其他青少年一样，故选C。
2. G　【解析】结合下句可知汤姆妈妈说数学和英语很重要，但是也需要掌握其他技能，再结合备选项可知前面一句说的是妈妈认为青少年学习做饭是很重要的，故选G。
3. F　【解析】结合下文可知这段话是母亲说的，空前句意为“一开始我教会汤姆做一些简单的饭菜，例如披萨，鸡蛋和薯条。”空后句意为“昨天他做了蔬菜汤。”结合备选项可知该空指汤姆开始借助烹饪书中的菜谱来学习做饭，故选F。
4. B　【解析】空前句意为“我喜欢做饭，并且我认为我擅长于做饭。”空后句意为“‘我不知道这是为什么，做饭不难而且很有趣！'”故由此推断此空应为我的朋友都不会做饭。故选B。
5. E　【解析】结合语境可知此处通过与过去不会做饭的汤姆对比，现在妈妈对汤姆很满意、很高兴。故选E。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了我们应该自己学会做家务。
1. B　【解析】根据上句“However, the fact is that someone has to do it.但是，事实上有人不得不做它。”可知下文是说是谁做家务，分析语境及备选项可推断出选B。
2. D　【解析】根据下句“How ever, if we all do some housework, it will seem less annoying(恼人的)．如果我们都做一些家务，它会看起来不那么恼人。”可知上文是说做家务不好，分析语境及备选项可推断出选D。
3. A　【解析】根据下文中的“It seems much better to have three or more people together keep the house clean.有三个或更多的人一起打扫房间看起来更好。”可知上文是说应分担家务，分析语境及备选项可推断出选A。
4. E　【解析】根据下句“Learning how to cook a meal is a great skill.学习怎样做饭是一门不错的技能。”可知此段的中心句与做饭有关，分析语境及备选项可推断出选E。
5. G　【解析】根据上句“The next time you see something that needs to be done at home，do it yourself and show that you can do anything！下次你看到在家需要做的事时，自己做并且证明你能做任何事。”可知做完之后你会发现做家务也不难，分析语境及备选项可推断出选G。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了如何变得更自信。
1. D　【解析】根据上文“自信的人更快乐、有更多的机会成功”以及下文“这里有一些建议”可知此处应是与建议有关的选项，分析备选项可推测出选D。
2. G　【解析】根据下文“努力说得足够大声以便于人们能清楚的听见你(说的话)”可知此处与说话小声的结果有关，分析备选项可推测出选G。
3. B　【解析】根据下文“当你运动时你会充满自信”可知此处为本段的中心句，与运动有关。分析备选项可推测出选B。
4. F　【解析】根据上文“罗列出你做好了多少件事情”可知此处在举例说明做的事情。分析备选项可推测出选F。
5. C　【解析】根据本段中心句“消除恐惧”可知此处举例说明如何消除恐惧。分析备选项可推测出选C。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了远离悲伤的方法。
1. D　【解析】由第1空前的“You need days like this, or how would you know you are happy？”可知应选D项承接上文，只有经历悲伤才懂得珍惜快乐。故选D。
2. B　【解析】由第2空前的“Smile！”及空后的“This way can not only...”可知微笑是容易做到的并有好的效果，B项能够承上启下。故选B。
3. A　【解析】此段与听音乐有关，根据空后罗列的音乐种类可知A项“不同人有不同的音乐品味”最符合语境，故选A。
4. E　【解析】由第4空前的“Exercise.”可知该选项与运动有关，故选E。
5. G　【解析】由第5空前的“These ways will cheer you up when you are down, but don't just use them when you are sad. Try and practice them every day to make them a habit.”可知让这些方法成为习惯，就可以远离悲伤。故选G。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一则哲理故事。一匹既漂亮又有很多好品质的马想让上帝把它变得更加漂亮，结果变成一头骆驼。
1. B　【解析】根据横线前“你已经赋予我美丽和一些好品质”及横线后“但是，我多么希望你能把我变得更漂亮，如果你能把我变得更漂亮，我会非常非常感激你。”可知，马对拥有这么好的品质是心存感激的。结合备选项可知选B。
2. D　【解析】根据横线前“我会让你变得更漂亮”及下文“我认为我的脖子太短了……”可推知，上帝问马，你想让我如何改变你。结合备选项可知选D。
3. G　【解析】根据横线前“如果你能让我的脖子变长一点，我的上身将会变得更漂亮。”及上一段“上帝问马，你想让我如何改变你。”可推知，此处应是马想如何改变自己。结合备选项可知选G。
4. F　【解析】根据横线前“我想变得更漂亮”及下一段“这完全就是你要求我改变的”可推知，此处应是马询问，这样的外表更漂亮吗。结合备选项可知选F。
5. A　【解析】根据横线前“我不想变成一头骆驼”可推知，马后悔了，想仍然做一匹马 。结合备选项可知选A。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一则哲理故事。讲述了一群鸽子在猎人食物的引诱下被捕后齐心协力逃出来的故事。
1. A　【解析】根据下文乌鸦对鸽子说的话可知猎人的所作所为被乌鸦看见了。分析备选项可以推断出选A。
2. F　【解析】根据下文“他们都飞下来吃食物”可知鸽子并没有听乌鸦的话。分析备选项可以推断出选F。
3. B　【解析】根据下文“如果我们都同时飞离地面，网也会和我们一起轻易地飞离地面。”可知此处与鸽子首领出的主意有关。分析备选项可推断出选B。
4. G　【解析】根据上文“其他的鸽子都说好的好的”可知所有的鸽子都赞同鸽子首领的话，分析备选项可推断出选G。
5. E　【解析】根据下文“老鼠照做了，所有的鸽子都逃出去了”可知此处与老鼠做的内容有关，分析备选项可推断出选E。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了澳大利亚的极端天气——酷热。
1. E　【解析】上句提到“如果你住在澳大利亚，夏天你可以在海滩或你家后院的游泳池游泳。”下句提到“但对于夏天，有一个严重的一面，你可能不知道。”因此推知，But之前应该谈论夏天好的一面。“There is no doubt that the season is usually a fun time of year.”填在这里符合语境，能够对上句进行简单评价，并引出下句。故选E。
2. D　【解析】下句提到“在边远的地区有许多树木和干草，很容易着火。”可知，这里主要谈论天太热的不良结果。“If the temperature goes over 40℃， it will be very dangerous.”填在这里符合语境，放在段首能总领这一段。故选D。
3. A　【解析】上句提到“即使把正在燃烧的香烟从车窗扔出去也会引发危险的火灾。”再结合上文，本段主要描述火灾的原因是天气太热的缘故。因此，“That is why summer is also known as ‘bushfire season’ in Australia.”填在这里能对本段作一个小结。故选A。
4. G　【解析】上句提到“它们是巨大的农场。许多澳大利亚的房产有1000多平方公里大。”可知，这里谈论的是农场的面积有多大。所以，“And the biggest is more than 20，000 sq km, even larger than Beijing！”填在这里符合语境，能够进一步描述农场的面积。故选G。
5. B　【解析】上句提到“炎热的天气也会造成其他问题。”下句提到“如果人们在外面待太久或喝不到足够的水，他们就会生病。”由此可知，这一段主要描述炎热的天气会造成其他问题。“It was so hot in February that thousands of animals died from the heat.”填在这里符合语境。故选B。
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国畅销书《谁动了我的奶酪》。
1. B　【解析】第一段主要介绍了《谁动了我的奶酪》这本书，备选项中只有B项是对该书的介绍，故选B。
2. E　【解析】根据下文的“Most of them are unhappy and worried.他们中的大多数都不高兴，并为此而担心”可知，这些同学已经知道了这件事，故选E。
3. G　【解析】根据上文的“The two are in a maze(迷宫) looking for the cheese.”可知，此处介绍奶酪在生活中的含义，选G，与下文的“This means finding different dreams.”相呼应。
4. A　【解析】根据下文的“They are afraid of change like the nice, so they find no cheese.他们害怕像老鼠一样变化，因此他们找不到奶酪”可推知，they代指前面提到的the little people，故选A。
5. C　【解析】根据上文的“...the friends have a great discovery to get more cheese.”可知，读者们从两只老鼠的故事理解了其中的含义。故选C。
Passage 9
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章针对如何高效听课给出了几条建议。
1．A　【解析】根据前面句子“How to listen in school？”以及下面给出具体建议可知此处总述下文将提到的几点建议，故选A。
2. G　【解析】根据本段第一句“One of the things you'll need to do is to make sure that your mind doesn't wander(漫游)．”可知本段主要讲的是注意力的事，故选G。
3. B　【解析】前面讲述“如果你想要记住所有信息，你会感到累和无聊”，再结合后面“这样不仅显示了对老师的尊敬……”可知空后主要讲述这样做有何好处，因此该空应具体说明如何做。故选B。
4. F　【解析】根据前面句子“it also helps prevent your mind from wandering.”再结合后面句子“Or it could just be someone talking to their neighbors who shouldn't be”可知此处也是一种走神的情况，故选F。
5. D　【解析】根据本段第一句“Finally, you need to take notes because you will not remember everything the teacher said.”可知本段讲的是记笔记的好处，故选D。
Passage 10
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要针对如何提高记忆力给出了三条建议。
1. A　【解析】根据下文“让我告诉你一些提高记忆力的方法”可知此处需要说明记忆力出了什么问题才能引出下文的解决方式，分析备选项可推测出选A。
2. G　【解析】根据上文“两天后复习、一周后复习、两周后复习、一个月后复习”可知此处与复习后的结果有关，分析备选项可推测出选G。
3. E　【解析】根据上文“用彩色的笔标注重要的部分”可知此处与标注的原因有关，分析备选项可推测出选E。
4. D　【解析】根据下文“睡前和早晨是记忆的好时间”可知此处为本段的中心句，与记东西的时间有关，分析备选项可推测出选D。
5. F　【解析】根据上文“另一个记住东西的好时间是在早晨”可知此处是在解释为什么早晨是记住东西的好时间，分析备选项可推测出选F。
Passage 11
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国人经常用的一些与“狗”相关的习语的意思。
1. F　【解析】根据空后“The expression, to lead a dog's life, describes a person who has an unhappy life.”可知此处所填内容与不幸的生活遭遇有关，结合所给选项可知F项符合语境。故选 F。
2. G　【解析】根据空前“We have to face with fierce competition every day.”可知此处所填内容与竞争有关，结合所给选项可知G项符合语境。故选G。
3. C　【解析】根据空前“This means they have to work very, very hard.”可知此处所填内容与辛苦工作有关，结合所给选项可知C项符合语境。故选C。
4. E　【解析】根据空后“They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way they do things.”可知此处所填内容与老年人不易接受新事物有关，结合所给选项可知E项符合语境。故选E。
5. D　【解析】根据空前“Dog expressions are also used to describe the weather.”可知此处所填内容与天气有关，结合所给选项可知D项符合语境。故选D。
Passage 12
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了法国餐桌礼仪与其他国家的餐桌礼仪的不同之处。
1. E　【解析】 根据下句“Things about manners in France are very different from the way they are in other countries.”推理出此空所填内容与法国的礼仪有关，与选项E内容相符，故选E。
2. C　【解析】 根据下句“Because it's very different from the way that is in your home.”推理出此空所填内容空中信息与起初人们对法国习俗的感觉有关，与选项C内容相符，故选C。
3. G　【解析】 根据下句“You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork.”推理出此空所填内容是与另一个事例有关，与选项G内容相符，故选G。
4. F　【解析】 根据上句“Another thing is that it's impolite to say you're full.”推理此空所填内容与不想吃东西时的礼貌之举有关，与选项F内容相符，故选F。
5. A　【解析】 根据上句“I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything.”可知这些礼仪很难记住，结合选项，A项“但是你应该慢慢适应它”符合语境，故选A。
Passage 13
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中通过举例不同的颜色可以带给人不同的心情，说明了颜色可以影响人的心情。
1. E　【解析】根据上文“科学家已经研究了颜色和心情之间的关系”可知此处与他们的研究结果有关，分析备选项可推测出选E。
2. A　【解析】根据上文“像黄色和红色这种温暖明亮的颜色是积极的颜色”可知此处与积极的颜色带给人们怎样的心情有关，分析备选项可推测出选A。
3. B　【解析】根据上文“橙色使人感到饥饿”可知此处与饥饿有关，比如什么场所需要让人有饥饿的感觉，分析备选项可推测出选B。
4. D　【解析】根据下文“一些种类的蓝色使人感到悲伤”可知此处表转折，与上文“颜色带给人好心情”意思相对，分析备选项可推测出选D。
5. C　【解析】根据下文“它适合你的心情吗？ ”可知此处需要说明它具体指什么内容，分析备选项可推测出选C。
Passage 14
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中针对性格的定义、决定性格的因素以及如何改变性格做出了详细的阐述。
1．G　【解析】根据第二段第一句“性格也与人们如何思考、表现以及对周围事物一天天地反应有关”可知此处总起全文，引出文章主题。分析备选项可推测出选G。
2. E　【解析】根据下文“一个小孩在妈妈肚子里时他的血型、基因和其他具体方面的事情就已经决定了”这是本段的中心句，可知此处内容是说性格与一个人天生具备的东西有关。分析备选项可推测出选E。
3. D　【解析】根据下文“家庭生活、学校学习和生活经历也决定你是怎样的人”可知此处承上启下，是一个过渡句，分析备选项可推测出选D。
4. A　【解析】根据上文“如果你不知道如何交朋友，就找出原因”可知此处与交不到朋友的原因有关，分析备选项可推测出选A。
5. F　【解析】根据下文“坚持做下去”可知此处与坚持下去的原因有关，分析备选项可推测出选F。