Unit 1 Dream Homes 学案
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| 名称 | Unit 1 Dream Homes 学案 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2018-04-09 11:10:32 | ||
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文档简介
教学内容：7B Unit1 Dream homes review
教学目标：掌握基数词与序数词的构成及用法
教学重点：能模仿所学内容，以口、笔头形式描述自己现在的及理想中家园的概况
◆知识点梳理
1．town [taun] n. 镇、城镇
in town 在镇上 look around the town参观小镇
He was born in a little town near Nanjing. 他出生在南京附近的一个小镇里。
【解析】town/city
town意为“城镇”，指比village(村庄)大，比city小的市镇。常作countryside(农村)的相对用语。city意为“城市，都市”，一般指大而重要的城市。如：
There are many cities in England. 英国有许多城市。
注意：习惯用法中，city前面用定冠词the, 而town前面则不用。如：
We’ll go to the city. 我们将进城去。
We’ll go to town. 我们将进城去。
2. country [?k?ntri] n. 国家；农村
a country 国家 the country 乡村 live in the country 住在乡下
Which country are you from? 你来自哪个国家？
The country is very beautiful in yellow autumn. 金色的秋天，乡下很美丽。
【解析】country, nation及state
三词均有“国家”之意，区别如下：
country表示地理概念，侧重“疆土”，指一个国家的整个区域。如：
The song was popular all over the country.这首歌在全国非常流行。
nation侧重“人民”，指一个独立政府领导下的全国国民和民族。如：
The whole nation is up in arms. 全国人民都武装起来了。
state侧重“政权，政体”，一般指政府或国家体制等方面的概念。如：
The state provides free education for children. 国家为孩子提供免费的教育。
注意：country与countryside都有“乡村”之意，countryside泛指一切乡村，而country强调区别于城镇的乡村。可作定语，如：country music 乡村音乐
3. capital [?k?pitl] n. 首都，首府（省会），大写字母；资本
the capital of the UK 英国的首都 write the letter in capital 大写这个字母
Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。
Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu. 南京是江苏的省会。
4. mile [mail] n. 英里
5 miles from the city 离城市5英里， walk a few miles every day 每天步行几英里
My home is only half a mile away from my school, so I walk there every day.
我家离学校只有半英里，所以我每天步行上学。
注意：a mile=1.069 kilometres
5. centre [?sent?] n. 中心（英） center（美）
in the centre of 在……中心 the centre of a circle 圆心
The building is in the centre of the city. 那座建筑物位于市中心。
【解析】centre及middle
centre指某种有确定边缘或形状的“正中”，如圆或方形的中心点，也可指活动、重要性、影响等方面的“中心”，还可借喻指政治、经济、文化等的“中心”。如：
Broadway is the theatrical centre of the United States. 百老汇大街是美国的戏剧艺术中心。
Middle既可用于空间，又可用于时间；既可指与物体两端或四周边缘差不多等距离的中央或中心部分，也可指一段时间或行动始末的中间部分。如：
In the middle of the park there is a big tree. 公园中央有一颗高树。
I came in the middle of the night. 我半夜来的。
6. own [?un] adj. 自己的 vt. 拥有，所有
(1)作形容词，用在所有格或代词的后面，以加强语气，意为“自己的”。如：
I saw it with my own eyes. 我亲跟看见的。
This bike is my own. 这辆自行车是我自己的。
(2) 作动词，意为“有；拥有”。如：
He used to own a lot of houses. 他曾拥有许多房子。
My father owns a small farm. 我父亲拥有一座小型农场。
注意：owner为名词，意为“所有人；物主”。of one’s own 某人自己的，自己做的；on one’s own 独立地，独自地
7. grow [ɡr?u] vt.种植vi.生长；渐渐变得
作及物动词，意为“种，种植”；作不及物动词，意为“生长，成长”；作系动词，意为“逐渐变得，逐渐成为”。如：
Grandpa grows vegetables in the garden every year. 爷爷每年在花园里种蔬菜。
Tomatoes grow best in direct sunlight. 西红柿在阳光能直接照射的地方长得最好。
The skies grew dark and it began to rain. 天渐渐黑了，又下起雨来。
含grow的短语有：grow up 长大；grow into 逐渐成长为等。
8. over [??uv?] prep. 超过，越过；在……上方；adj. 结束的.
over 20 years old 二十多岁（over=more than） over the river 在河上面
over there 在那边 go over 复习 look over 从上面看过去，检查
There are over sixty students in my class. 我班有60多个学生。
Put a piece of cloth over the table. 在桌子上放块布。
The film was over. 电影结束了。
9. double [?d?bl] adj.双的；两倍的；复式的；n.两倍, 双打 v. 加倍
double room 双人间 women’s doubles 女子双打 do double work 做双份工作
My income is double yours. 我的收入是你的两倍。
The price of houses doubled last year. 去年房价涨了两倍。
10. invite [in?vait] vt.邀请
invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
invite sb. for dinner 邀请某人吃饭
The college invited him to give a speech to their students. 那所大学邀请他给学生们演讲。
Tom wantec to invite his girl friend to his new home. 汤姆想邀请女朋友到自己的新家作客。
11. stay [stei] vt.& vi.停留；停止vi.继续处于某种状态n.逗留
stay at home 呆在家里 stay healthy 保持健康 stay up 熬夜 stay away 远离
during my stay in Beijing 我在北京的逗留期间
I always like to stay in the study at weekends. 我周末总是喜欢呆在书房里。
12. next to紧邻；在…近旁；仅次于
Who sits next to you ? 谁坐在你旁边？
Tom lives next to me. 汤姆住在我家隔壁。
Jim’s classroom is next to ours. 吉姆的教室在我们的隔壁。
Next to Mary, I like you the most. 除了玛丽外，我最喜欢你。
13. share sth. with sb. 与某人分享（合用）某物
Will you share your pen with me? 我与你合用你的笔好吗？
We share a toilet with our neighbour. 我们家和邻居合用卫生间。
Let’s share the last cake, you have half and I’ll have half.
咱们分了最后一块蛋糕吧，你一半，我一半。
13. be full of 充满，满是
The street is full of people. 满街都是人。
The basket is full of apples. 篮子里满是苹果。
【解析】be full of及be filled with
两者都有“充满，装满”的意思，区别是：be full of侧重于状态，be filled with侧重于动作和装满的东西。如：The basket is filled with apples by the old man.
篮子里被老太太装满了苹果。
14. some day=someday 将来有一天，总有一天
I will be successful some day, you watch. 总有一天我成功的，你看着吧。
I hope to visit the USA some day. 我希望有朝一日去美国。
Someday, he'll find out. 总有一天，他会明白的.
注意：some day也可写作someday，这里some 表示“某个”，而不是“一些”。
15. take a message 稍个口信, 传个话
Will you take this message for my mother?请把这个消息告诉我妈妈好吗？
Leave a message on my answer phone please. 请在我的电话答录机上留言。
16. call sb. back 回电话
call sb.=give sb. a call 给……打电话 call on sb. 拜访某人，号召
Please call me back at six o’clock. 请在六点钟给我回个电话。
I got a call from my parents. 我接到了父母的电话。
17. at the foot of 在……的脚下
at the foot of the hill 小山脚下 at the foot of the big tree 大树脚下
at the age of 在……岁的时候 at the beginning of 在开始的时候
at the foot of page 页脚
At the foot of the hill there were some sheep eating grass. 小山脚下有些羊在吃草。
18．Would you like to live in a palace ? 你想住在宫殿里吗？
句中would like sth/to do sth. 意为“想要……/想要做什么”。如：
I would like a cup of coffee.=I want a cup of coffee. 我想要一杯咖啡。
They would like to share a room. =They want to share a room.
他们想要共住一间房间。
Would you like … ? 表示邀请、请求或抱怨。如：
----Would you like to come to dinner tomorrow?
----Yes, thank you.
Would like sb.to do sth. 想让某人去做某事。如：
I’d like you to wash the shoes for me. 我想让你帮我洗鞋子。
19. Who’s speaking , please? 请问你是谁？
这是打电话的常用语，在用英语打电话时，询问对方或说自己时都不直接用you或I。如：
----Who’s that ? / Who’s calling ? 你是谁？
----This is Ann speaking. / Ann speaking. I’m calling from… 我是安。我从……打电话来。
20. It is great fun. 这是件挺有趣的事。
句中fun为不可数名词，意为“乐趣、娱乐”，fun的短语有：have fun 玩得开心，make fun of 取笑，开玩笑 for fun 开玩笑地 如：
We had a lot of fun in your birthday party. 我们在你的生日晚会上玩得很开心。
◆难句讲析一译通
1．My family and I often sit there and enjoy a cup of tea..
我常和家人一起坐在那儿喝杯茶。
句中my family and I 意为“我和我的家人”。英文的表达与中文正好相反；“我和……”有英文表达是：…and I ，即第一人称I要后置，同时注意如果跟在介词后面I要变成me。如：Jim and I are good friends. 我和吉姆是好朋友。
This is for Sandy and me. 这是给我和桑迪的。
注意：英国人习惯在下午或傍晚时喝茶，并吃些三明治，饼干或甜点。
2. I love to sit there and look out at the beach and the sea.
我喜爱坐在那儿，朝外看海滩和大海。
look out 意为“向外看”；而“从……往外看”则用look out of …。如：
look out of the window朝窗外看，look out of the door朝门外看
look out 还有“小心、注意”的意思，相当于“be careful”。如：
Don’t look out of the window in class. 上课时不要朝窗外看！
Look out ! Here comes the car. 小心！ 汽车来了！
常用的含有look的词组有：look at 看，注视；look around环顾四周；
look over 仔细检查；look up 抬头看，查字典；look forward to sth. (doing)sth.盼望，期望；look like 看起来像；look for 寻找，等等。
3. I also have a bedroom of my own, but it is not very big.
我也有一间属于自己的卧室，但不太大。
句中a bedroom of my own相当于my own bedroom。短语of one’s own意为“属于某人自己的”。如：I need a study of my own very much. 我非常需要一间属于我自己的书房。
3. There is always more than enough food there. 那儿总是有很多很多的食物。
句中more than enough意为“足够多，太多”。如：
Sorry, Miss Li, Your homework for us is more than enough.
对不起，李老师，您留给我们的作业足够多了。
◆语法分析一点通
基数词与序数词
表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫做数词(numbers)。数词有两种。表示数目多少的数词叫做基数词(cardinal numbers), 如：one, ten, fifty-two等。表示顺序先后的数词叫做序数词(ordinal numbers), 如first, tenth, fiftieth等。
1．基数词
(1) 13—19，皆由3—9加后缀-teen构成。(注意：thirteen, fifteen, eighteen的拼法)
(2) 20—90等十位数均由2—9加后缀-ty构成。 (注意：twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty的拼法)
(3) 21—29由十位数20加个位数1—9构成，中间须有连字符“-”, 其它的十位数照此类推。
(4) 百位数由1—9加hundred构成，如包含十位数及个位数，中间用and连接，也可以不用；如只包含个位数，即十位数为零时，则and不可省。
(5) 千位数由1—9加thousand构成，其后的百、十、个位数构成方法同前。如： a (one) thousand one hundred (and)forty-nine 1,149 (此处hundred之前不可用a)
(6) 英语里没有“万”这一单位，万也用thousand表示。如：
ten thousand 10, 000。
（7）hundred, thousand 是数词，原则上没有复数形式，即400说four hundred , 但表示不确定的数目时以复数形式出现。如：hundreds of 数百的，thousands of 数千的。
（8）表示“几十”的数词，其复数形式可以表示年龄或年代。如：in his twenties 在他二十多岁时；in the 1980s 二十世纪八十年代。
(9) 一些习惯用法：in twos and threes 三三两两的。
2．序数词
(1) 英语序数词第1—19除first，second与third有特殊形式外，其余均由基数词加后缀-th构成。
(2) 十位数的序数词的构成方法是：先将十位数的基数词的词尾ty中的y变为i，然后加后缀-eth。如： twentieth 20th 。
(3) 十位数的序数词如包含1—9的个位数时，十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词，中间须有连字符“-”。如： twenty-first 21st 。
(4) 百、千、万等的序数词由hundred, thousand等加-th，前面加有关的基数词构成。如：(one) hundredth 100th 。
(5) 多位数序数词的后位数如包含1—9时，后位数用序数词，前位数同基数词，中间出现零时，须用and连接。如：
two hundred and first 201st
（6）基数词变为序数词的口诀：
基变序，有规律，结尾要加th；
1、2、3.特殊记，结尾分别t， d， d；
八减t来九减e，f要把ve替；
结尾是y变ie，词尾再加th；
若是逢到几十几，只让个位变成序。
写作分析
本单元重点介绍了居住在不同国家人们的住处的不同，如果你也想写一篇你“梦想中的家”的短文，请按照如下步骤写作：
1. 审题
这样的短文常常只给出题目或写作要求，不给出提示语。如：以My dream home为题写一篇短文，可自由发挥。要求层次清楚，意义连贯，语句通顺。这样的试题同学们就可以不受约束，展开丰富的想象力，描绘出自己所憧憬的家园。
2．写作要点
（1）要紧扣主题来写，紧紧围绕My dream home。
（2）详略得当，应有重点地描写，抓住两三处重点地方进行详细的描写，不必一一描绘，如果那样就太琐碎，读起来也没意思。
（3） 要注意按照一定顺序描写，我们可以按照从上至下的顺序或从左到右的顺序，切忌顺序混乱，使得短文条理不清。
3．组织句子
正确使用词语与句型，句与句之间注意连贯，过渡自然流畅。
范文选读
My dream home（基础）
My dream home is very beautiful. It is a two-floor building. In my family, everyone has his or her own room. The rooms are big and on the first floor.
On the ground floor, there is a big sitting room and dining room. At the weekend, my friends and I like having a party in the sitting room. We often enjoy ourselves in the party.
We have a beautiful garden. Can you guess where is the garden? It is on the top of the building. Isn’t it interesting? I enjoy reading and walking in the garden. There are so many flowers in it. The flowers smell sweet. In the garden, there is a swimming pool. The swimming pool isn’t big but it’s my favourite place. When I am tired to study, I can swim there. How fun it is! I think it is a good way to relax myself.
I am very happy to live in such a house. It is a nice home. I am sure it will become true in the future.
中考考点分析
1．根据中文提示，写出句中所缺单词（南京中考）
Cindy told me it was her _____（第二）time to visit Jiangxinzhou Islet during Grape Festival.
导析 句中意为“第二次”参观，故用序数词second。
2．词性转换（恩施中考）
He is going to celebrate his ______(forty) birthday this Saturday.
导析句意为“他准备这个周六庆祝自己的四十岁生日”，故用forty序数词fortieth.
3. 单项选择（锦州中考）
More than two______years ago, people knew little about the universe.
A. thousands B. thousand C. thousand of D. thousands of
导析句意为“两千多年前，人们对宇宙了解的很少。”thousand, hundred, million 前有了具体的数字不加s, thousands of 意为“成千上万的”。答案为：B.
4. 句子翻译（扬州中考）
你为什么不学会与你的家人分担烦恼呢？
____________________________________________________your family member?
导析 “和某人分担”用share sth. with sb.. 答案为：Why don’t you learn to share your worries with。
5．用中文翻译：
I would like all my friends to have a shower or a bath at the same time.
导析 这是would like sb.to do sth. 句式，意为“想让某人去做某事。”
have a shower 意思为“淋浴”, have a bath 意思为“洗澡”，at the same time 意思为“同时”。答案为：我想让我所有的朋友能同时淋浴或洗澡。
6．用所给数词的适当形式填空。
(1) He doesn’t look old in his __________ (fifty).
(2) _______________(thousand) of people are traveling in the beautiful place.
导析 本题也考查数词的用法。题(1) 用基数词的复数形式表达年龄，fifties。 题(2)中有of, 所以of前的thousand应加s,意为“许许多多”。
7．改错
河上有座桥。
There is a bridge on the river.
导析 on, over 都表示“在……上面”，但是on表示两个物体相接触的“上面”，既垂直又接触；over 表示两物体只垂直，不接触的“正上方”。根据句意答案为改on为over。
8．改错。
我们教室前面有一张地图。
There is a map in front of our classroom.
导析 in front of意思是“在……前面”，表示在某地方或物体之外的前面；in the front of也意为“在……前面”，指在某地方或物体之内的前面。答案为在front前加the。
课后积累
一、有趣的数词成语
1．one in a thousand 优秀的人（或事物）；百里挑一 My brother is a one in a thousand． 我的兄弟是位优秀人物。
2．put two and two together 根据事实推断 They came to the conclusion that he hadn't run out of their city，putting two and two together.
根据事实推断，他们得出这样的结论,他还没有跑出这座城市。
3．three-bottle man 大酒徒 His grandfather is a three-bottle man. 他外公是个大酒徒。
4．four-lettered words 下流话 These books are full of four-lettered words. 这些书里脏话连篇。
5．five-star 很出色；第一流的；五星级的
The house is five-star in the village. 这房子在该村是一流水平的。
6．at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟 The boy made the room at sixes and sevens. 这男孩把房间弄得乱七八糟的。
7．in one's seventh heaven 在无限幸福中 The children were in their seventh heaven，playing with water on the beach． 孩子们在海滩上玩水，极为幸福
8．chasing eight and quarters 追逐名利 The boss in the company is a miser，chasing eight and quarters. 这公司的老板是个追求名利的吝啬鬼。
9．in the nine holes 处于困境 He is in the nine holes because of losing money．他失去资金而处于困境。
10．ten to one 很可能 "He is at school, isn't he?"---"Yes．That must be ten to one." ----"他在学校，对吗?" ----"是的，很可能是。"
二，随堂练习
一、选择填空。
( )1. Which of them isn’t a capital city?
A. Paris
B. London
C. New York
D. Moscow
( )2. –What are you going to do this weekend?
–I’d like ________ my parents.
A. to visit
B. visit
C. visiting
D. visits
( )3.–Are you from ________ USA?
–No, I am from ________ France.
A. the; a
B. /; /
C. the; the
D. the; /
( )4. Tokyo is _______capital of Japan.
A. an
B. a
C. the
D.
( )5. _______ is in Europe (欧洲).
A. Thailand
B. France
C. Japan
D. The USA
( )6. –Which country is this photo from?
–Oh, it’s from ______. This is Red Square.
A. Japan
B. Thailand
C. Russia
D. Canada
二、根据句意、首字母或中英文提示补全单词，使句子完整、正确。
Moscow is the c_________ of Russia.
Would you like to live in a beautiful _________ (the official home of a king, Queen, president, etc.)?
Jack’s _________ (理想的)home is a house with a beautiful garden.
My family usually eat in a famous r_________ every weekend.
My ______________(特别喜爱的)drink is black tea. What about you?
The United Kingdom is short for (简写为) the ____________.
The United States of America is short for the __________.
He lives ___________ to my house. He’s my neighbour(邻居).
The CN Tower is in Toronto, ________..
----Where would you like to live?
----The _____________(最大的)hotel.
三、句型转换。
1. Beijing is the capital of China.
______________ is the capital of China?
He would like to go shopping tonight.(一般疑问句)
___________________________________________________.
Which subject do you like best, maths, English or Chinese? （同义句）
____________ is your ___________, maths, English or Chinese?
Eddie wants to live next to the biggest restaurant.
___________________________________________________________?
5. She is nine years old today. (同义句)
Today is _______ _______ birthday.
6. My sister and I live in the same bedroom. (同义句)
I _______ _______ _________ with my sister.
7. The library is at the back of our classroom building. (同义句)
Our classroom building is ________ ________ ____________ the library.
8 Andy puts Millie’s ball near her desk. (就划线提问)
________ _______ Andy ______ Millie’s ball ?
9. I live in a house. It has eight rooms. (合并成一句)
I live in a ___________ __________ eight rooms.
10. Lucy has some money in the purse.(同义句)
_____ _____ some money in ____ purse.
四、将下列句子翻译成英语。
1．他理想中的工作是当一名医生。
2．我最喜欢的季节是夏天。
3．祖父母住在离南通25公里远的小城镇上。
4．放学后我常躺在床上听音乐。。
5．我们的公寓在公园隔壁的一幢五层楼上。。
6．九楼有二十多个房间。
五、阅读理解
Now people live a busy life. Do you like such a busy life? Do you have your own dream home and lifestyle? Here is a place where people live in no hurry. It is Portugal(葡萄牙).
Portugal is in southwest Europe (欧洲). It has beautiful beaches and seaports (海港). The country is filled with sunshine and olive trees. People enjoy seafood, fruit and red wine there.
The people in Portugal are very friendly. They think a friendly smile is even better than being on time.
The Portuguese do things in no hurry. Their life is healthy and relaxed(放松).
Portugal was the richest country in the world. It has a great history in sailing(航海). Two-thirds of the world was found by its sailors. People in Portugal speak their own language, Portuguese. Portuguese is also the national(国家的)language of Brazil(巴西). One kind of delicious Portuguese food is egg tarts (葡式蛋塔). They have pasty outside and egg inside.
读短文并判断正（T）误（F）。
( )1. People who live in this country are always in a hurry.
( )2. Portugal is in southwest Asia.
( )3. Portugal is the richest country in the world now.
( )4. Most of the world was found by the sailors from Portugal.
( )5. Egg tart is one kind of delicious Portuguese food.
六、缺词填空。
Dear Kitty,
News! We have a new f___1___! The rooms are small, but they are c__2____. There are m_3__ rooms here than in our old flat. This is good because now I have my o___4__ room. In the old flat, I s___5___ a room with my sister.
My b___6____ is my favourite room in the flat. I can be alone in it. I can read or draw. I can listen to the radio or play CDs. I can play games on my c__7__ and send e-mails to my friends.
My s_8___ favourite room is the kitchen. I love helping my mother cook our meals. She is a very good cook. She t__9__ me how to make many d__10___ kinds of dishes. She lived in Morocco when she was a girl, and she can cook Moroccan food. It is very delicious.
That’s all for now. Write soon and tell me about your home.
All good wishes!
Anna
1.f___________2 c___________3 .m___________4 .o___________5.s__________
6. b___________ 7. c__________ 8. s___________ 9.t__________ 10. d__________
参考答案
一，1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C
二，1. capital 2. palace 3. dream/ideal 4. restaurant 5. favourite 6. UK 7. USA
8. next 9. Canada 10. biggest
三，1. What 2. Would he like to go shopping tonight? 3. Which, favourite
4. Which restaurant does Eddie want to live next to?
5. his ninth 6. doesn’t, own 7. house with 8. in front of 9. Which floor does
四，1. His dream job is to be a doctor.
2. My favourite season is summer.
3. My grandparents live in a small town 25 kilometres from Nantong.
4. I often listen to music in bed after school.
5. Our flat is on the fifth floor, next to the park.
6. There are more than twenty rooms on the ninth floor.
五，1—5 FFFTT
第1题：They are always in no hurry.
第2题：It is in southwest Europe.
第3题：Once it was the richest country.
六、1. flat 2. clean 3. more 4. own 5. share 6. bedroom 7. computer
8. second 9. teaches 10. different
教学目标：掌握基数词与序数词的构成及用法
教学重点：能模仿所学内容，以口、笔头形式描述自己现在的及理想中家园的概况
◆知识点梳理
1．town [taun] n. 镇、城镇
in town 在镇上 look around the town参观小镇
He was born in a little town near Nanjing. 他出生在南京附近的一个小镇里。
【解析】town/city
town意为“城镇”，指比village(村庄)大，比city小的市镇。常作countryside(农村)的相对用语。city意为“城市，都市”，一般指大而重要的城市。如：
There are many cities in England. 英国有许多城市。
注意：习惯用法中，city前面用定冠词the, 而town前面则不用。如：
We’ll go to the city. 我们将进城去。
We’ll go to town. 我们将进城去。
2. country [?k?ntri] n. 国家；农村
a country 国家 the country 乡村 live in the country 住在乡下
Which country are you from? 你来自哪个国家？
The country is very beautiful in yellow autumn. 金色的秋天，乡下很美丽。
【解析】country, nation及state
三词均有“国家”之意，区别如下：
country表示地理概念，侧重“疆土”，指一个国家的整个区域。如：
The song was popular all over the country.这首歌在全国非常流行。
nation侧重“人民”，指一个独立政府领导下的全国国民和民族。如：
The whole nation is up in arms. 全国人民都武装起来了。
state侧重“政权，政体”，一般指政府或国家体制等方面的概念。如：
The state provides free education for children. 国家为孩子提供免费的教育。
注意：country与countryside都有“乡村”之意，countryside泛指一切乡村，而country强调区别于城镇的乡村。可作定语，如：country music 乡村音乐
3. capital [?k?pitl] n. 首都，首府（省会），大写字母；资本
the capital of the UK 英国的首都 write the letter in capital 大写这个字母
Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。
Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu. 南京是江苏的省会。
4. mile [mail] n. 英里
5 miles from the city 离城市5英里， walk a few miles every day 每天步行几英里
My home is only half a mile away from my school, so I walk there every day.
我家离学校只有半英里，所以我每天步行上学。
注意：a mile=1.069 kilometres
5. centre [?sent?] n. 中心（英） center（美）
in the centre of 在……中心 the centre of a circle 圆心
The building is in the centre of the city. 那座建筑物位于市中心。
【解析】centre及middle
centre指某种有确定边缘或形状的“正中”，如圆或方形的中心点，也可指活动、重要性、影响等方面的“中心”，还可借喻指政治、经济、文化等的“中心”。如：
Broadway is the theatrical centre of the United States. 百老汇大街是美国的戏剧艺术中心。
Middle既可用于空间，又可用于时间；既可指与物体两端或四周边缘差不多等距离的中央或中心部分，也可指一段时间或行动始末的中间部分。如：
In the middle of the park there is a big tree. 公园中央有一颗高树。
I came in the middle of the night. 我半夜来的。
6. own [?un] adj. 自己的 vt. 拥有，所有
(1)作形容词，用在所有格或代词的后面，以加强语气，意为“自己的”。如：
I saw it with my own eyes. 我亲跟看见的。
This bike is my own. 这辆自行车是我自己的。
(2) 作动词，意为“有；拥有”。如：
He used to own a lot of houses. 他曾拥有许多房子。
My father owns a small farm. 我父亲拥有一座小型农场。
注意：owner为名词，意为“所有人；物主”。of one’s own 某人自己的，自己做的；on one’s own 独立地，独自地
7. grow [ɡr?u] vt.种植vi.生长；渐渐变得
作及物动词，意为“种，种植”；作不及物动词，意为“生长，成长”；作系动词，意为“逐渐变得，逐渐成为”。如：
Grandpa grows vegetables in the garden every year. 爷爷每年在花园里种蔬菜。
Tomatoes grow best in direct sunlight. 西红柿在阳光能直接照射的地方长得最好。
The skies grew dark and it began to rain. 天渐渐黑了，又下起雨来。
含grow的短语有：grow up 长大；grow into 逐渐成长为等。
8. over [??uv?] prep. 超过，越过；在……上方；adj. 结束的.
over 20 years old 二十多岁（over=more than） over the river 在河上面
over there 在那边 go over 复习 look over 从上面看过去，检查
There are over sixty students in my class. 我班有60多个学生。
Put a piece of cloth over the table. 在桌子上放块布。
The film was over. 电影结束了。
9. double [?d?bl] adj.双的；两倍的；复式的；n.两倍, 双打 v. 加倍
double room 双人间 women’s doubles 女子双打 do double work 做双份工作
My income is double yours. 我的收入是你的两倍。
The price of houses doubled last year. 去年房价涨了两倍。
10. invite [in?vait] vt.邀请
invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
invite sb. for dinner 邀请某人吃饭
The college invited him to give a speech to their students. 那所大学邀请他给学生们演讲。
Tom wantec to invite his girl friend to his new home. 汤姆想邀请女朋友到自己的新家作客。
11. stay [stei] vt.& vi.停留；停止vi.继续处于某种状态n.逗留
stay at home 呆在家里 stay healthy 保持健康 stay up 熬夜 stay away 远离
during my stay in Beijing 我在北京的逗留期间
I always like to stay in the study at weekends. 我周末总是喜欢呆在书房里。
12. next to紧邻；在…近旁；仅次于
Who sits next to you ? 谁坐在你旁边？
Tom lives next to me. 汤姆住在我家隔壁。
Jim’s classroom is next to ours. 吉姆的教室在我们的隔壁。
Next to Mary, I like you the most. 除了玛丽外，我最喜欢你。
13. share sth. with sb. 与某人分享（合用）某物
Will you share your pen with me? 我与你合用你的笔好吗？
We share a toilet with our neighbour. 我们家和邻居合用卫生间。
Let’s share the last cake, you have half and I’ll have half.
咱们分了最后一块蛋糕吧，你一半，我一半。
13. be full of 充满，满是
The street is full of people. 满街都是人。
The basket is full of apples. 篮子里满是苹果。
【解析】be full of及be filled with
两者都有“充满，装满”的意思，区别是：be full of侧重于状态，be filled with侧重于动作和装满的东西。如：The basket is filled with apples by the old man.
篮子里被老太太装满了苹果。
14. some day=someday 将来有一天，总有一天
I will be successful some day, you watch. 总有一天我成功的，你看着吧。
I hope to visit the USA some day. 我希望有朝一日去美国。
Someday, he'll find out. 总有一天，他会明白的.
注意：some day也可写作someday，这里some 表示“某个”，而不是“一些”。
15. take a message 稍个口信, 传个话
Will you take this message for my mother?请把这个消息告诉我妈妈好吗？
Leave a message on my answer phone please. 请在我的电话答录机上留言。
16. call sb. back 回电话
call sb.=give sb. a call 给……打电话 call on sb. 拜访某人，号召
Please call me back at six o’clock. 请在六点钟给我回个电话。
I got a call from my parents. 我接到了父母的电话。
17. at the foot of 在……的脚下
at the foot of the hill 小山脚下 at the foot of the big tree 大树脚下
at the age of 在……岁的时候 at the beginning of 在开始的时候
at the foot of page 页脚
At the foot of the hill there were some sheep eating grass. 小山脚下有些羊在吃草。
18．Would you like to live in a palace ? 你想住在宫殿里吗？
句中would like sth/to do sth. 意为“想要……/想要做什么”。如：
I would like a cup of coffee.=I want a cup of coffee. 我想要一杯咖啡。
They would like to share a room. =They want to share a room.
他们想要共住一间房间。
Would you like … ? 表示邀请、请求或抱怨。如：
----Would you like to come to dinner tomorrow?
----Yes, thank you.
Would like sb.to do sth. 想让某人去做某事。如：
I’d like you to wash the shoes for me. 我想让你帮我洗鞋子。
19. Who’s speaking , please? 请问你是谁？
这是打电话的常用语，在用英语打电话时，询问对方或说自己时都不直接用you或I。如：
----Who’s that ? / Who’s calling ? 你是谁？
----This is Ann speaking. / Ann speaking. I’m calling from… 我是安。我从……打电话来。
20. It is great fun. 这是件挺有趣的事。
句中fun为不可数名词，意为“乐趣、娱乐”，fun的短语有：have fun 玩得开心，make fun of 取笑，开玩笑 for fun 开玩笑地 如：
We had a lot of fun in your birthday party. 我们在你的生日晚会上玩得很开心。
◆难句讲析一译通
1．My family and I often sit there and enjoy a cup of tea..
我常和家人一起坐在那儿喝杯茶。
句中my family and I 意为“我和我的家人”。英文的表达与中文正好相反；“我和……”有英文表达是：…and I ，即第一人称I要后置，同时注意如果跟在介词后面I要变成me。如：Jim and I are good friends. 我和吉姆是好朋友。
This is for Sandy and me. 这是给我和桑迪的。
注意：英国人习惯在下午或傍晚时喝茶，并吃些三明治，饼干或甜点。
2. I love to sit there and look out at the beach and the sea.
我喜爱坐在那儿，朝外看海滩和大海。
look out 意为“向外看”；而“从……往外看”则用look out of …。如：
look out of the window朝窗外看，look out of the door朝门外看
look out 还有“小心、注意”的意思，相当于“be careful”。如：
Don’t look out of the window in class. 上课时不要朝窗外看！
Look out ! Here comes the car. 小心！ 汽车来了！
常用的含有look的词组有：look at 看，注视；look around环顾四周；
look over 仔细检查；look up 抬头看，查字典；look forward to sth. (doing)sth.盼望，期望；look like 看起来像；look for 寻找，等等。
3. I also have a bedroom of my own, but it is not very big.
我也有一间属于自己的卧室，但不太大。
句中a bedroom of my own相当于my own bedroom。短语of one’s own意为“属于某人自己的”。如：I need a study of my own very much. 我非常需要一间属于我自己的书房。
3. There is always more than enough food there. 那儿总是有很多很多的食物。
句中more than enough意为“足够多，太多”。如：
Sorry, Miss Li, Your homework for us is more than enough.
对不起，李老师，您留给我们的作业足够多了。
◆语法分析一点通
基数词与序数词
表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫做数词(numbers)。数词有两种。表示数目多少的数词叫做基数词(cardinal numbers), 如：one, ten, fifty-two等。表示顺序先后的数词叫做序数词(ordinal numbers), 如first, tenth, fiftieth等。
1．基数词
(1) 13—19，皆由3—9加后缀-teen构成。(注意：thirteen, fifteen, eighteen的拼法)
(2) 20—90等十位数均由2—9加后缀-ty构成。 (注意：twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty的拼法)
(3) 21—29由十位数20加个位数1—9构成，中间须有连字符“-”, 其它的十位数照此类推。
(4) 百位数由1—9加hundred构成，如包含十位数及个位数，中间用and连接，也可以不用；如只包含个位数，即十位数为零时，则and不可省。
(5) 千位数由1—9加thousand构成，其后的百、十、个位数构成方法同前。如： a (one) thousand one hundred (and)forty-nine 1,149 (此处hundred之前不可用a)
(6) 英语里没有“万”这一单位，万也用thousand表示。如：
ten thousand 10, 000。
（7）hundred, thousand 是数词，原则上没有复数形式，即400说four hundred , 但表示不确定的数目时以复数形式出现。如：hundreds of 数百的，thousands of 数千的。
（8）表示“几十”的数词，其复数形式可以表示年龄或年代。如：in his twenties 在他二十多岁时；in the 1980s 二十世纪八十年代。
(9) 一些习惯用法：in twos and threes 三三两两的。
2．序数词
(1) 英语序数词第1—19除first，second与third有特殊形式外，其余均由基数词加后缀-th构成。
(2) 十位数的序数词的构成方法是：先将十位数的基数词的词尾ty中的y变为i，然后加后缀-eth。如： twentieth 20th 。
(3) 十位数的序数词如包含1—9的个位数时，十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词，中间须有连字符“-”。如： twenty-first 21st 。
(4) 百、千、万等的序数词由hundred, thousand等加-th，前面加有关的基数词构成。如：(one) hundredth 100th 。
(5) 多位数序数词的后位数如包含1—9时，后位数用序数词，前位数同基数词，中间出现零时，须用and连接。如：
two hundred and first 201st
（6）基数词变为序数词的口诀：
基变序，有规律，结尾要加th；
1、2、3.特殊记，结尾分别t， d， d；
八减t来九减e，f要把ve替；
结尾是y变ie，词尾再加th；
若是逢到几十几，只让个位变成序。
写作分析
本单元重点介绍了居住在不同国家人们的住处的不同，如果你也想写一篇你“梦想中的家”的短文，请按照如下步骤写作：
1. 审题
这样的短文常常只给出题目或写作要求，不给出提示语。如：以My dream home为题写一篇短文，可自由发挥。要求层次清楚，意义连贯，语句通顺。这样的试题同学们就可以不受约束，展开丰富的想象力，描绘出自己所憧憬的家园。
2．写作要点
（1）要紧扣主题来写，紧紧围绕My dream home。
（2）详略得当，应有重点地描写，抓住两三处重点地方进行详细的描写，不必一一描绘，如果那样就太琐碎，读起来也没意思。
（3） 要注意按照一定顺序描写，我们可以按照从上至下的顺序或从左到右的顺序，切忌顺序混乱，使得短文条理不清。
3．组织句子
正确使用词语与句型，句与句之间注意连贯，过渡自然流畅。
范文选读
My dream home（基础）
My dream home is very beautiful. It is a two-floor building. In my family, everyone has his or her own room. The rooms are big and on the first floor.
On the ground floor, there is a big sitting room and dining room. At the weekend, my friends and I like having a party in the sitting room. We often enjoy ourselves in the party.
We have a beautiful garden. Can you guess where is the garden? It is on the top of the building. Isn’t it interesting? I enjoy reading and walking in the garden. There are so many flowers in it. The flowers smell sweet. In the garden, there is a swimming pool. The swimming pool isn’t big but it’s my favourite place. When I am tired to study, I can swim there. How fun it is! I think it is a good way to relax myself.
I am very happy to live in such a house. It is a nice home. I am sure it will become true in the future.
中考考点分析
1．根据中文提示，写出句中所缺单词（南京中考）
Cindy told me it was her _____（第二）time to visit Jiangxinzhou Islet during Grape Festival.
导析 句中意为“第二次”参观，故用序数词second。
2．词性转换（恩施中考）
He is going to celebrate his ______(forty) birthday this Saturday.
导析句意为“他准备这个周六庆祝自己的四十岁生日”，故用forty序数词fortieth.
3. 单项选择（锦州中考）
More than two______years ago, people knew little about the universe.
A. thousands B. thousand C. thousand of D. thousands of
导析句意为“两千多年前，人们对宇宙了解的很少。”thousand, hundred, million 前有了具体的数字不加s, thousands of 意为“成千上万的”。答案为：B.
4. 句子翻译（扬州中考）
你为什么不学会与你的家人分担烦恼呢？
____________________________________________________your family member?
导析 “和某人分担”用share sth. with sb.. 答案为：Why don’t you learn to share your worries with。
5．用中文翻译：
I would like all my friends to have a shower or a bath at the same time.
导析 这是would like sb.to do sth. 句式，意为“想让某人去做某事。”
have a shower 意思为“淋浴”, have a bath 意思为“洗澡”，at the same time 意思为“同时”。答案为：我想让我所有的朋友能同时淋浴或洗澡。
6．用所给数词的适当形式填空。
(1) He doesn’t look old in his __________ (fifty).
(2) _______________(thousand) of people are traveling in the beautiful place.
导析 本题也考查数词的用法。题(1) 用基数词的复数形式表达年龄，fifties。 题(2)中有of, 所以of前的thousand应加s,意为“许许多多”。
7．改错
河上有座桥。
There is a bridge on the river.
导析 on, over 都表示“在……上面”，但是on表示两个物体相接触的“上面”，既垂直又接触；over 表示两物体只垂直，不接触的“正上方”。根据句意答案为改on为over。
8．改错。
我们教室前面有一张地图。
There is a map in front of our classroom.
导析 in front of意思是“在……前面”，表示在某地方或物体之外的前面；in the front of也意为“在……前面”，指在某地方或物体之内的前面。答案为在front前加the。
课后积累
一、有趣的数词成语
1．one in a thousand 优秀的人（或事物）；百里挑一 My brother is a one in a thousand． 我的兄弟是位优秀人物。
2．put two and two together 根据事实推断 They came to the conclusion that he hadn't run out of their city，putting two and two together.
根据事实推断，他们得出这样的结论,他还没有跑出这座城市。
3．three-bottle man 大酒徒 His grandfather is a three-bottle man. 他外公是个大酒徒。
4．four-lettered words 下流话 These books are full of four-lettered words. 这些书里脏话连篇。
5．five-star 很出色；第一流的；五星级的
The house is five-star in the village. 这房子在该村是一流水平的。
6．at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟 The boy made the room at sixes and sevens. 这男孩把房间弄得乱七八糟的。
7．in one's seventh heaven 在无限幸福中 The children were in their seventh heaven，playing with water on the beach． 孩子们在海滩上玩水，极为幸福
8．chasing eight and quarters 追逐名利 The boss in the company is a miser，chasing eight and quarters. 这公司的老板是个追求名利的吝啬鬼。
9．in the nine holes 处于困境 He is in the nine holes because of losing money．他失去资金而处于困境。
10．ten to one 很可能 "He is at school, isn't he?"---"Yes．That must be ten to one." ----"他在学校，对吗?" ----"是的，很可能是。"
二，随堂练习
一、选择填空。
( )1. Which of them isn’t a capital city?
A. Paris
B. London
C. New York
D. Moscow
( )2. –What are you going to do this weekend?
–I’d like ________ my parents.
A. to visit
B. visit
C. visiting
D. visits
( )3.–Are you from ________ USA?
–No, I am from ________ France.
A. the; a
B. /; /
C. the; the
D. the; /
( )4. Tokyo is _______capital of Japan.
A. an
B. a
C. the
D.
( )5. _______ is in Europe (欧洲).
A. Thailand
B. France
C. Japan
D. The USA
( )6. –Which country is this photo from?
–Oh, it’s from ______. This is Red Square.
A. Japan
B. Thailand
C. Russia
D. Canada
二、根据句意、首字母或中英文提示补全单词，使句子完整、正确。
Moscow is the c_________ of Russia.
Would you like to live in a beautiful _________ (the official home of a king, Queen, president, etc.)?
Jack’s _________ (理想的)home is a house with a beautiful garden.
My family usually eat in a famous r_________ every weekend.
My ______________(特别喜爱的)drink is black tea. What about you?
The United Kingdom is short for (简写为) the ____________.
The United States of America is short for the __________.
He lives ___________ to my house. He’s my neighbour(邻居).
The CN Tower is in Toronto, ________..
----Where would you like to live?
----The _____________(最大的)hotel.
三、句型转换。
1. Beijing is the capital of China.
______________ is the capital of China?
He would like to go shopping tonight.(一般疑问句)
___________________________________________________.
Which subject do you like best, maths, English or Chinese? （同义句）
____________ is your ___________, maths, English or Chinese?
Eddie wants to live next to the biggest restaurant.
___________________________________________________________?
5. She is nine years old today. (同义句)
Today is _______ _______ birthday.
6. My sister and I live in the same bedroom. (同义句)
I _______ _______ _________ with my sister.
7. The library is at the back of our classroom building. (同义句)
Our classroom building is ________ ________ ____________ the library.
8 Andy puts Millie’s ball near her desk. (就划线提问)
________ _______ Andy ______ Millie’s ball ?
9. I live in a house. It has eight rooms. (合并成一句)
I live in a ___________ __________ eight rooms.
10. Lucy has some money in the purse.(同义句)
_____ _____ some money in ____ purse.
四、将下列句子翻译成英语。
1．他理想中的工作是当一名医生。
2．我最喜欢的季节是夏天。
3．祖父母住在离南通25公里远的小城镇上。
4．放学后我常躺在床上听音乐。。
5．我们的公寓在公园隔壁的一幢五层楼上。。
6．九楼有二十多个房间。
五、阅读理解
Now people live a busy life. Do you like such a busy life? Do you have your own dream home and lifestyle? Here is a place where people live in no hurry. It is Portugal(葡萄牙).
Portugal is in southwest Europe (欧洲). It has beautiful beaches and seaports (海港). The country is filled with sunshine and olive trees. People enjoy seafood, fruit and red wine there.
The people in Portugal are very friendly. They think a friendly smile is even better than being on time.
The Portuguese do things in no hurry. Their life is healthy and relaxed(放松).
Portugal was the richest country in the world. It has a great history in sailing(航海). Two-thirds of the world was found by its sailors. People in Portugal speak their own language, Portuguese. Portuguese is also the national(国家的)language of Brazil(巴西). One kind of delicious Portuguese food is egg tarts (葡式蛋塔). They have pasty outside and egg inside.
读短文并判断正（T）误（F）。
( )1. People who live in this country are always in a hurry.
( )2. Portugal is in southwest Asia.
( )3. Portugal is the richest country in the world now.
( )4. Most of the world was found by the sailors from Portugal.
( )5. Egg tart is one kind of delicious Portuguese food.
六、缺词填空。
Dear Kitty,
News! We have a new f___1___! The rooms are small, but they are c__2____. There are m_3__ rooms here than in our old flat. This is good because now I have my o___4__ room. In the old flat, I s___5___ a room with my sister.
My b___6____ is my favourite room in the flat. I can be alone in it. I can read or draw. I can listen to the radio or play CDs. I can play games on my c__7__ and send e-mails to my friends.
My s_8___ favourite room is the kitchen. I love helping my mother cook our meals. She is a very good cook. She t__9__ me how to make many d__10___ kinds of dishes. She lived in Morocco when she was a girl, and she can cook Moroccan food. It is very delicious.
That’s all for now. Write soon and tell me about your home.
All good wishes!
Anna
1.f___________2 c___________3 .m___________4 .o___________5.s__________
6. b___________ 7. c__________ 8. s___________ 9.t__________ 10. d__________
参考答案
一，1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C
二，1. capital 2. palace 3. dream/ideal 4. restaurant 5. favourite 6. UK 7. USA
8. next 9. Canada 10. biggest
三，1. What 2. Would he like to go shopping tonight? 3. Which, favourite
4. Which restaurant does Eddie want to live next to?
5. his ninth 6. doesn’t, own 7. house with 8. in front of 9. Which floor does
四，1. His dream job is to be a doctor.
2. My favourite season is summer.
3. My grandparents live in a small town 25 kilometres from Nantong.
4. I often listen to music in bed after school.
5. Our flat is on the fifth floor, next to the park.
6. There are more than twenty rooms on the ninth floor.
五，1—5 FFFTT
第1题：They are always in no hurry.
第2题：It is in southwest Europe.
第3题：Once it was the richest country.
六、1. flat 2. clean 3. more 4. own 5. share 6. bedroom 7. computer
8. second 9. teaches 10. different