课件67张PPT。 Unit 1 Living well
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·甘肃重点中学协作体高三上学期第一次联考)
Mary Krupa became friends with the grey squirrels during her first week at Penn State, after spotting them running around and idly (漫不经心地) wondering what they would look like with tiny hats on their heads. Today, everyone at the university knows her as the “Squirrel Girl”．
Mary started bringing them food, and gradually they began to trust her. She managed to put a hat on a squirrel and take a picture. Thinking that her colleagues could do with something to lift their spirits, she started posting similar photos on Facebook. The response was greatly positive, and before long Mary and her squirrels became an Internet sensation.
Growing up in a neighborhood outside of State College, Mary was always fond of birds and animals around her home, but she didn't interact (交流) with people very much. She was later diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome, but the squirrels changed that. “The squirrels help me break the ice, because I'll be sitting here patting a squirrel and other people will come over and we'll just start like feeding the squirrels together and chatting about them，” she said. “I am a lot more outgoing.”
And in case you're wondering how Mary is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos, it has a lot to do with food. For example, whenever she wants them to hold or play with something, she puts peanut butter on the prop (道具), and they'll grab it. But getting to that part took a while. In the beginning, she would throw peanuts up the trees on campus and invite the squirrels to come down and get them, but they hesitated to approach her. She had the patience to earn their trust, though.
This year, Mary is graduating with a degree in English and wildlife sciences. She wants to be a science writer and educate people on how to preserve the environment. As for her furry friends, Mary plans to stay in the area and visit them as often as she can.
【文章大意】 宾夕法尼亚大学的“松鼠女孩”Mary曾经被诊断出患有阿斯伯格综合征，但是松鼠改变了她，使她变得外向起来。在和松鼠之间建立了信任以后，Mary拍了一些戴帽子的松鼠的照片，在互联网上引起了轰动。
【难句分析】And in case you're wondering how Mary is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos, it has a lot to do with food.
分析：这是一个主从复合句。句中in case引导条件状语从句，该从句中how引导宾语从句Mary is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos作动词wondering的宾语，该宾语从句中what引导另一个宾语从句，作动词do的宾语。
译文：如果你想知道Mary是如何能够让松鼠做她想让它们做的从而得到(她想要的)照片，这与食物有很大关系。
1．What does the underlined word “sensation” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Hit. B．Challenge.
C．Attack. D．Link.
答案与解析：A'考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“The response was greatly positive, and before long Mary and her squirrels became an Internet sensation.”可知，Mary拍的照片得到了非常积极的回应，在互联网上引起了轰动。hit“风行一时的事物”与画线词意思相近，所以A项正确。
2．What kind of change do squirrels bring to Mary?
A．She is sicker than before.
B．She is more interested in animals.
C．She is more sociable than before.
D．She is less willing to go to college.
答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。根据第三段的内容可知，Mary之前不善于交际，并被诊断患有阿斯伯格综合征，但是松鼠改变了她，使她变得外向了。
3．How did Mary manage to take photos of squirrels wearing hats?
A．By putting them in cages.
B．By playing music to them.
C．By attracting them with colorful food.
D．By building a close relationship with them.
答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据第四段的描述可知，想给松鼠拍照需要借助食物，但并不是只要给松鼠食物，松鼠就会让她拍出想要的照片，她必须和松鼠之间建立信任而亲密的关系。
4．Which words can best describe Mary?
A．Confident and strong.
B．Patient and caring.
C．Sociable and healthy.
D．Traditional and hard-working.
答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。根据文中Mary与松鼠的相处及第四段中的“She had the patience to earn their trust, though”可知，Mary有耐心且有爱心。
B
(2018·陕西省高三教学质量检测试题一)
Many people have bought insurance, either life or property(财产), commercial or compulsory. Yet some people know little about it and some even misunderstand its nature and fun_ction.
Insurance is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone is exposed to a risk of some sort. The house owner, for example, knows that his property can be damaged by fire; the shipowner knows that his ships may be lost at sea; the breadwinner knows that he may die at an early age and leave his family poorer. On the other hand, not every house is damaged by fire nor every ship is lost at sea. If these persons each put a small amount of money into a pool, there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer losses. In other words, the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the many. This is the basis of insurance. Those who pay the contribution are known as the insured and those who manage the_pool_of_contributions as insurers.
The legal basis of all insurance is the policy. This is a printed form of contract on a piece of paper in best quality. It states that every year the insured shall pay an amount of money, which is called the premium; in return, the insurer will pay an amount of money or compensation for losses if the risk or event insured against actually happens.
The premium for insurance naturally depends upon how likely the risk is to happen, as suggested by past experience. If companies fix their premiums too high, there will be more competition in their area of insurance and they may lose business. On the other hand, if they make the premium too low, they will lose money and may even have to drop out of business. So the ordinary forces of supply and demand keep premiums at a level satisfactory to both the insurer and the insured.
【文章大意】 本文主要对保险进行了简要介绍。
【难句分析】The premium for insurance naturally depends upon how likely the risk is to happen, as suggested by past experience.
分析：本句是一个复合句。how引导宾语从句，as引导了一个省略了主语和部分谓语的状语从句，补充完整应该是：as it is suggested by past experience。
译文：保险费(的确定)自然取决于风险发生的可能性，正如过去的经验所显示的那样。
5. The underlined phrase in Para. 2 most probably means ________.
A．money paid by the insurers
B．each premium
C．money paid by all those insured
D．the cost of administering insurance
答案与解析：C'考查词义猜测。根据第二段的“If these persons each put a small amount of money into a pool，there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer losses.”可推知，the pool of contributions表示投保人所投的钱。A项错在paid，根据第二段的“who manage the pool of contributions as insurers”可知，这部分钱是由承保人来经营管理的；B项错在每一笔保险费，与语境pool不符；D项表示管理保险的成本，文章中并没有提到，故排除。
6. Insurance premiums do not become too high because ________.
A．not many people insure themselves
B．premiums depend on the risk of losses
C．insurers have to be more competitive
D．insurance companies can never lose money
答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“If companies fix their premiums too high, there will be more competition in their area of insurance and they may lose business.”可知，保险公司也有竞争，因此保险费不能定得太高，否则就没有竞争力，也就意味着可能会失去业务，故选C。
7. According to the passage, insurance business gains profit because ________.
A．more and more people buy insurance
B．the firms have sound management
C．the premium is increased year by year
D．only a few of those insured suffer losses
答案与解析：D'考查推理判断。根据第二段的“On the other hand，not every house is damaged by fire nor every ship is lost at sea.”“enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer losses”和“the losses of the few”可推知，保险公司获利是因为只有少部分投保人遭受意外风险。
8. The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．explain an insurance policy
B．introduce insurance business
C．persuade people to be insured
D．warn people of possible losses
答案与解析：B 考查写作意图。文章第一段点题，再结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要介绍的是保险业务，故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2018·江西名校联盟检测)
Brian Tagalog was born without arms. But that didn't __1__ him from leading a normal life. The __2__ young man believes he is the only certified tattoo(文身) artist without arms in the world.
A __3__ of Honolulu, Tagalog moved with his family to Tucson. He had always shown an interest in drawing, and set his mind on becoming a __4__ tattoo artist. Not many people gave him a chance, but he __5__ improved his foot drawing skills and operated the tattoo gun with his __6__.
Brian's mother admits that __7__ him was not easy, but she always made it a(n) __8__ to let him explore his options. “The day I gave birth to him, well, I was shocked, but we never hid him. I didn't __9__ him in any way.” And perhaps that's what gave him the __10__ to achieve his dreams, __11__ the very obvious absence of two limbs. “I was born without arms，” he said. “But that has not __12__ me down to pursue my dream.”
At first, finding a shop that would __13__ him proved a very difficult thing. He __14__ many tattoo shops and got no calls back. He didn't give up; __15__， Brian finally runs his own shop. Brian uses a (n) __16__ technique to tattoo—he draws the design on clients' skin with one foot, __17__ using the other to stretch the skin. And eventually his tattoos always turn out to get his clients' __18__.
Brian hopes his success will __19__ others to follow their dreams bravely. Words and photos just don't do Brian Tagalog justice. You need to see him __20__ to witness how he works only with his feet.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了生来没有胳膊的Brian Tagalog通过自己的不懈努力最终成为一名成功的文身艺术家的故事。
1．A.promote B．preserve
C．protect D．prevent
答案与解析：D'但是那没有阻止他过正常的生活。prevent sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。
2．A.wise B．ambitious
C．promising D．handsome
答案与解析：B'这个有抱负的年轻人相信他是这个世界上唯一一个有资格证的无臂文身艺术家。wise“睿智的”；ambitious“有雄心的，有抱负的”；promising“有前途的”；handsome“英俊的”。
3．A.visitor B．foreigner
C．stranger D．native
答案与解析：D'根据后文的“moved with his family to Tucson”可知，此处指Tagalog是一个火奴鲁鲁的当地人。foreigner“外国人”；stranger“陌生人”；native“当地人，本地人”。
4．A.professional B．normal
C．temporary D．conservative
答案与解析：A'他总是表现出在绘画方面的兴趣，并且下决心成为一名专业的文身艺术家。professional“专业的，职业的”；normal“正常的”；temporary“暂时的”；conservative“保守的”。
5．A.steadily B．occasionally
C．effectively D．frequently
答案与解析：A 并不是很多人给他机会，但是他不断地磨炼自己的脚部绘画技巧并且用自己的脚趾操作文身枪。steadily“持续地，不断地”；occasionally“偶尔，偶然”；effectively“高效地”；frequently“经常地，频繁地”。
6．A.fingers B．toes
C．mouth D．jaw
答案与解析：B'参见上题解析。
7．A.comforting B．educating
C．raising D．accompanying
答案与解析：C'Brian的母亲承认抚养他长大不是一件容易的事儿。comfort “安慰”；educate“教育”；raise“养育，抚养”；accompany“陪伴”。
8．A.failure B．point
C．adventure D．destination
答案与解析：B'但她总是特别注意让他探究自己的选择。make it a point to“对……特别注意，努力做到”，是固定短语，符合语境。failure“失败”；adventure“冒险”；destination“目的地”。
9．A.defend B．blame
C．abandon D．shelter
答案与解析：D'根据上文的“but we never hid him”可知，此处应是指Brian的母亲不以任何形式庇护他。defend“保护”；blame“责备”；abandon“遗弃”；shelter“庇护，遮蔽”。
10．A.confidence B．determination
C．freedom D．enthusiasm
答案与解析：A'根据上下文语境，此处应是表示尽管他没有胳膊，但是Brian的家人所采取的更为积极的让Brian成长的方式或许正是给予他实现梦想的自信心的东西。confidence“自信心”；determination“决心”；freedom“自由”；enthusiasm“热情”。
11．A.apart from B．in
C．regardless of D．despite
答案与解析：D'参见上题解析。apart from“除了”；regardless of“不管，不顾”；despite“尽管”。
12．A.turned B．calmed
C．slowed D．tracked
答案与解析：C'他说：“我生来没有胳膊，但是那并没有让我放慢追求自己梦想的速度。”turn sb. down“拒绝某人”；calm sb.down“使某人镇静下来”；slow sb. down“使某人慢下来”；track sb. down“追查到，追踪到”。
13．A.hire B．support
C．serve D．fund
答案与解析：A'根据下文中的“...got no calls back”“He didn't give up；'15'，Brian finally runs his own shop.”可知，此处应是指起初，找到一个愿意雇用他的店铺被证实是一件非常困难的事情。hire“雇用”；support“支持”；serve“为……服务”；fund“资助”。
14．A.adapted to B．appealed to
C．attached to D．applied to
答案与解析：D'根据上下文的内容可知，此处表示他应聘了好多家店。但是没有得到回信。apply to“向……申请”符合语境。adapt to“适应”；appeal to“对……有吸引力”；attach to“与……有联系，与……有关联”。
15．A.otherwise B．instead
C．still D．however
答案与解析：B'他没有放弃，反而(instead)最后开了自己的店。other wise“否则”；instead“反而”；still “仍然”；however“然而”。
16．A.unique B．funny
C．powerful D．attractive
答案与解析：A'根据下文的内容可知，此处指Brian使用了一种独特的文身技巧。unique“独特的”；funny“有趣的”；powerful“强有力的”；attractive“吸引人的”。
17．A.before B．if
C．while D．unless
答案与解析：C'当他用另一只脚将皮肤抻平时，他用一只脚在顾客的皮肤上绘制图案。while“当……时”符合语境。before“在……之前”；if“如果”；unless“除非”。
18．A.instruction B．admiration
C．doubt D．complaint
答案与解析：B'而且最后他的文身总是会得到顾客的赞赏。instruction“指导”；admiration“赞赏”；doubt“怀疑”；complaint“投诉”。
19．A.inspire B．urge
C．request D．advise
答案与解析：A'Brian希望他的成功能激励他人勇敢地追求梦想。inspire sb. to do sth.“激励某人去做某事”。urge“敦促”；request“要求”；advise“建议”。
20．A.in response B．in advance
C．in action D．in turn
答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，此处表示你需要见证在工作状态中的Brian。in action“在活动中，在运转”，在此引申为“处于工作状态中”。in response“作为回应”；in advance“提前”；in turn“反过来”。
课件57张PPT。 Unit 2 Robots
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·南昌十校二模)
I hate Black Friday sales. It's often a gathering of people who are there for many different reasons. Some are looking for a deal on that one item for their loved one, or perhaps themselves. Their intentions are completely unrelated to the festive time of the year.
It was several years ago when my wife asked me to meet her at the local department store on Black Friday morning. They had advertised a child's bike that she wanted to purchase for our son. We stood with a very large crowd, waiting for the manager to blow the whistle. After a while the whistle blew. It was like throwing a bucket of small fish into a tank of sharks. I told my wife that if we obtained a bike, fine, but if we did not, I was OK with that too.
As the pile of bikes began to gradually decrease in size, I saw my polite opportunity to wrap my hands around the corner of one of the boxes. I lifted it up and suddenly felt some mild resistance. I looked up to see one of the largest gentlemen I had ever seen in my life. Frightening was not the word to describe his presence. He wore lots of belts of metal studded leather around both arms and even his neck. Tattoos (文身) were an obvious passion of his.
I started to give up the box but he gently pushed it back in my direction and back into my hands. He then directed it into my shopping cart. He looked at me, smiled, and said, “Merry Christmas.” My wife and I went to the checkout, paid for the bike and went home. All the way home I was thinking that this moment was by far the best gift I had ever received for Christmas. The kindness of a stranger broke all preconceived notions(预想) I may have had of stereotypes and prejudices.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者和妻子想在黑色星期五大抢购时给儿子买辆自行车，无奈百货商店里人山人海。作者本想放弃，没想到一个陌生人把自行车盒子让给了他。这让作者改变了之前对他人的偏见。
1. How did the author feel when going into the store?
A．The crowd was like small fish.
B．They might not get the bike.
C．He was excited to do the shopping.
D．The whistle was blown too late.
答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“I told my wife that if we obtained a bike, fine, but if we did not, I was OK with that too.”可知作者进入商店时已经做好了买不到自行车的打算，故选B项。本题考生易错选A项和C项。根据第二段中的“It was like throwing a bucket of small fish into a tank of sharks.”可知，它就好比往鲨鱼池里扔一桶小鱼一样(这里指人们争先恐后地往店里挤)，因此crowd应是被比作鲨鱼，而不是小鱼，故排除A项；根据第一段中的“I hate Black Friday sales.”可知，作者并不喜欢在黑色星期五大抢购时购物，故排除C项。
2. What happened when the author was buying the bike?
A．He was scared by a man's look at first.
B．A gentleman bought the bike for him.
C．A stranger helped him lift the box.
D．He gave up the bike he first touched.
答案与解析：A'考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“I looked up to see one of the largest gentlemen I had ever seen in my life. Frightening was not the word to describe his presence.”可知，“吓人”这个词已经不足以形容这个人的出现了。故选A项。C项存在干扰性，但根据第四段中的“he gently pushed it back in my direction”可知陌生人只是把盒子推回来，而不是举起来(lift)。D项也有一定的干扰性，但根据第四段中的“I started to give up the box but...”和故事后续发展可知，作者一开始准备放弃但后来陌生人把盒子让给了他，故排除D项。
3. What did the author learn from the experience?
A．Look before you leap.
B．Custom is a second nature.
C．Doing is better than saying.
D．Don't judge a book by its cover.
答案与解析：D'考查推理判断。根据第三段中对陌生人的描写可知，作者一开始因陌生人的外表而觉得他是个可怕的人；根据第四段的内容可知，陌生人把盒子让给了作者，作者由此发出感慨“The kindness of a stranger broke all preconceived notions(预想) I may have had of stereotypes and prejudices.”，即陌生人的善意打破了作者对他人的偏见，让作者知道不能以貌取人。
4. What is the best title of the passage?
A．Black Friday sales
B．My son's best bike
C．The best Christmas gift
D．A strange gentleman
答案与解析：C'考查主旨要义。文章讲述了作者和妻子为儿子买自行车作为圣诞礼物时受到了陌生人的帮助的故事，作者认为那一时刻是他收到过的最好的圣诞节礼物。故C项作标题最佳。
B
(2018·武汉市武昌区高三年级三月调研考试)
Kanda really doesn't like to walk alone. The scientist from a research institute of intelligent robots finds the experience so boring that he'd rather drive — even though he lives close to his lab and knows that walking is healthy. “I enjoy walking with someone, like with my wife, with my daughter，” Kanda said. “But they are not always available.”
So Kanda, who specializes in human-like bots, developed a robotic walking partner that could make small talk based on its surroundings, which, he hopes, might motivate people to get out and exercise more. The bot rests on a person's shoulder like a boxy parrot. It weighs about a pound and a half and sits roughly 8.5 inches high, and is 3.5 inches wide and 10 inches long. A microphone, a speaker, and an internal camera allow it to communicate. It's even equipped with a smile.
Kanda and his team collected video from five different locations, including a garden and a shopping mall, and created a dataset of small talk topics related to each location. Then they programmed the robot to associate visual cues with specific topics. A special speech software provided the robot with a voice. Near a group of parked cars, for example, it might say, “In a big parking lot, sometimes I forget where I parked.”
They tested the robot on 15 volunteers, 10 males and 5 females, who were paid and averaged about 26 years old. “Have you ever blown a puff of dandelion (蒲公英) seeds into the air？” The robot asked a participant，who smiled and responded, “Yes, I often did that when I was a child.” Although several participants noted the robot's weight, Kanda was surprised that no one considered the experience strange or funny. “I guess people enjoy new technologies，” he said.
Just like a human partner, Kanda's hot isn't perfect. It's not able to go for walks in heavy rain and, while the robot can make expressions, it can't really hold a conversation, about which Kanda is most worried. Despite its limits, Kanda was comforted by the bot's presence. “I felt a kind of sense of being with someone，” he said, “particularly when it spoke.”
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了新研发的陪人散步的机器人。
【难句分析】So Kanda, who specializes in human-like bots, developed a robotic walking partner that could make small talk based on its surroundings, which, he hopes, might motivate people to get out and exercise more.
分析：本句是一个复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Kanda; that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a robotic walking partner; which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰前面的整个分句。
译文：因此专门研究人类机器人的Kanda发明了一个可以陪人们散步的机器人，这个机器人能够基于周围的环境和人闲谈，他希望这样可以激发人们走出去，多锻炼。
5. Why does Kanda have the idea of developing a robotic walking partner?
A．Because he wants someone to accompany him while walking.
B．Because he has never developed a robot like a parrot.
C．Because his family are unwilling to walk with him.
D．Because he is crazy about developing robots.
答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第一段的“‘I enjoy walking with someone, like with my wife, with my daughter，’ Kanda said.‘But they are not always available.’”可知，Kanda发明陪人散步的机器人的原因是想找个人在他散步时陪他，故选A。
6. What characteristic does the robot have?
A．It can “speak” and “see”．
B．It can walk like a human being.
C．It can communicate with people freely.
D．It is much more humorous than a real person.
答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第二段倒数第二句“A microphone, a speaker, and an internal camera allow it to communicate.”以及第三段的“Then they programmed...with a voice.”可推知，这种机器人可以说话还可以看，故选A。
7．What is necessary for the robot to fun_ction?
A．A small size.
B．A boxy shape.
C．A human partner.
D．A speech software.
答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第二段倒数第二句“A microphone, a speaker, and an internal camera allow it to communicate.”和第三段的“Then they programmed...A special speech software provided the robot with a voice.”可知，这种机器人是要配备麦克风、扬声器、内置摄像头以及特殊的语音软件的，故选D。
8．What is Kanda most likely to do about his robot next?
A．To make it more convenient to carry.
B．To improve its conversational skills.
C．To enable it to walk in heavy rain.
D．To better its sound system.
答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据最后一段第二句的“... it can't really hold a conversation, about which Kanda is most worried.”并结合全文的内容可推知，接下为Kanda将要改善的是机器人的交流技能，故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2018·湖南省部分重点中学考前演练)
How to Welcome Change in Your Life
Do you embrace (欣然接受) the road you are now on or resist and avoid change at all costs when a recent event has shaken you greatly? Here are things you can do in the midst of uncertainty to choose differently to change the track of your life.
Don't react.
What do we do when we don't know what to do? First, stop, take a deep breath and don't do anything. __1__ It is having faith and trusting what you do know in the unknown.
Reflect on the past.
Another activity is to recall times in your life when you were faced with an unknown. Then, think about how you handled the situation. __2__ Use your past experiences to bring you strength, and to remind you what you are capable of.
Make conscious decisions.
__3__ However, more possibilities open up when we are at peace. Go over your list of what ifs and make a more balanced list of the best and worst situations possible. Then talk to loved ones about what you would do in each situation and the choices you do have.
__4__
We often see fears as our greatest enemy, yet they provide us with an enormous opportunity for self-growth. What if we were to see them as friends who want to help us become a better person? Let your fears help you instead of hurting you. Then, write down what comes to you. __5__
A．Don't panic.
B．Befriend your fears.
C．You may be surprised by the answers.
D．When we are fearful, our options seem limited.
E．Then try to feel at ease with the state of “not knowing”．
F．Learning from past failures helps you make better decisions.
G．Remembering these incidents will remind you that you've gone through difficult situations.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了迎接生活中的变化的几种方法。
1．答案与解析：E 根据空前的“First, stop, take a deep breath and don't do anything.”及E项中的“with the state of ‘not knowing’”与空后的“in the unknown”的对应关系可知E项符合语境。
2．答案与解析：G'根据本段的小标题“Reflect on the past.”及空前的“think about how you handled the situation”可知，空处应是与回忆过去的情况相关的内容，故G项符合语境。
3．答案与解析：D'根据本段的小标题“Make conscious decisions.”及空处与空后的“However, more possibilities open up when we are at peace.”之间存在转折关系可知，D项“当我们害怕时，我们的选择似乎是受限的。”符合语境。
4．答案与解析：B'根据最后一段的内容尤其是“What if we were to see them as friends who want to help us become a better person.”可知，本段主要讲的是对待恐惧要如同对待朋友一样，而不要把它们看作敌人。故B项符合语境。
5．答案与解析：C'根据空前的“Then，write down what comes to you”可知，空处的内容有关写下这些东西的结果，故C项“你可能会对答案感到震惊。”符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2018·江西南昌十校二模)
When I was an international student in China, I was lucky to experience Chinese New Year. The build-up was exciting as everywhere __1__ (decorate) with red.
Some fellow students and I decided to travel from Xi'an to Guilin for the festival. Travel during that time is quite __2__ adventure — many people journey home __3__ (see) their families and everywhere is very busy.
On the eve of New Year, we watched the CCTV New Year's Gala. Although we didn't really understand everything, it was good to be lost __4__ the atmosphere of the occasion! At New Year, families make __5__ (taste) dumplings together as part of the celebrations. On New Year's Day, and for several weeks afterwards, you can hear firecrackers and fireworks everywhere, and the air __6__ (smell) strongly of dynamite (火药) and smoke. This was adventurous for us!
Being in China during New Year somewhat meant __7__ (lonely) though it was a great experience. I can __8__ (absolute) explain it with how international students in the UK might feel at Christmas if __9__ (have) no loved ones around them.
Overall, my first Chinese New Year was an amazing experience __10__ I'll never forget.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在中国留学期间，曾经有幸和同学一起边旅行边体验中国的新年，这个经历使作者一直难以忘怀。
1．答案与解析：was decorated'考查动词的时态和语态。准备过程令人激动，因为处处都装饰着红色。主句用了一般过去时，故从句也应用一般过去时。decorate与主语之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。
2．答案与解析：an'考查冠词。空前是quite，空后是名词，故可判断此处是“quite＋不定冠词＋名词”结构。当名词前没有形容词修饰时，quite要放在冠词前。
3．答案与解析：to see'考查非谓语动词。很多人回家看望自己的家人。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，空处应是不定式作目的状语，故填to see。
4．答案与解析：in'考查介词。尽管我们不能真的听懂所有的内容，但是沉浸于这种节日的气氛是极好的。be lost in sth.“沉浸于”，是固定搭配。
5．答案与解析：tasty'考查形容词。家家都包美味的饺子。空处修饰dumplings，故用形容词tasty“美味的，好吃的”。
6．答案与解析：smells'考查主谓一致和语态。主语是表示单数意义的the air，故谓语用第三人称单数形式。smell在此是系动词，意为“闻起来”，不能用于被动语态，故填smells。
7．答案与解析：loneliness'考查名词。尽管新年期间待在中国是很美妙的经历，但它稍微让人感到孤单。mean是及物动词，后接名词作宾语。loneliness“寂寞，孤独”。
8．答案与解析：absolutely'考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词explain，故用副词absolutely“完全地”。
9．答案与解析：having'考查非谓语动词。本空难度较大，部分考生不确定此处的句子结构。认真分析句子结构可知，此处是“连词＋非谓语动词”结构，涉及“状语从句的省略”这一语法现象。非谓语动词的逻辑主语是主句的主语，即international students。have和international students之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词having。
10．答案与解析：that/which'考查定语从句。总体来说，第一次在中国过新年是令人惊喜的经历，一个我永远不会忘怀的经历。空处引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，先行词是experience，故用that或which。
课件52张PPT。 Unit 3 Under the sea
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·惠州市高三第一次调研考试)
Following the crowd may not always be in a person's best interest. But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.
Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health. That's true for both teens and adults. The finding inspired Joseph Allen, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.
So they followed 171 teens, starting when the kids were just 13. They interviewed each one every year for five years, and also spoke to these teens' closest friends, who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships. The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25, 26 and 27. This time, the questions surveyed each person's overall health. When the researchers analyzed the data, they found a strong connection between a teen's behavior and adult health. Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults. Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health. Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults. The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health. Weight, family income and drug use were all examined. So were mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression. And in these people, such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.
Getting along with the crowd may have benefits, says Allen, but there are also drawbacks. Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work. And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior, such as smoking, drinking or using drugs. Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge, Allen acknowledges. “Finding the right balance is the key. Teens shouldn't lose heart for not finding this easy.” And, he adds, “Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”
【文章大意】 研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。当然，与朋友相处也有坏处。
1．Where can you probably read this passage?
A．Science fiction.
B．Health column.
C．Fashion magazine.
D．Entertainment newspaper.
答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响。据此可知，本文属于健康知识类文章，故可判断，本文可能选自“健康专栏”，故B项正确。
2．We can learn from Allen's study that ________.
A．many other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendships
B．mental health issues have nothing to do with adult health
C．the same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27
D．the teens who couldn't express themselves grew up to be unhealthier
答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Whether teens held back... sick as adults.”可知，青少年是否向他们的好朋友表达情感也会影响到其成年后的健康，那些压抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故D项正确。
3．According to what Allen said, we can know that ________.
A．in order to do better at school, teens should not follow the crowd
B．though it's challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure, they should not give up
C．teens will engage in smoking, drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressure
D．parents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends
答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。根据最后一段内容可知，与朋友相处使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同时也会带来不利影响，即周围同龄人带来的压力，这些压力会导致许多问题。分析Allen的话“Finding the right balance is the key. Teens shouldn't lose heart for not finding this easy.”可以判断，青少年要应对这些压力，找到正确的平衡点是关键，不能因为很难找到平衡点就灰心丧气。故选B。
4．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．There is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.
B．Close friendships are the most important for people's health.
C．Teen friendships may help teens become healthier adults.
D．Adult health is only influenced by teen friendships.
答案与解析：C'考查推理判断。根据文章第一段第二句“But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.”可知，与朋友相处的青少年在成年后会更加健康。C项意为“青少年时期的友谊会帮助青少年成为更加健康的成年人”，符合文章意思，故C项正确。根据最后一段第一句“Getting along with the crowd may have benefits, says Allen, but there are also drawbacks.”可知，与朋友相处有好处，但是也有一定的缺点，故A项与文意不符；B项错在“the most”，D项错在“only”，都太过于绝对。
B
(2018·成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)
The Scottish composer Evelyn Glennie lost nearly all her hearing as a young girl, yet went on to a very successful career in music including winning Grammy awards. When somebody asks her, “How do you hear？” She responds, “How do you hear? Is it only with your ears？” For Glennie, and for us too, listening is not only hearing, but is understanding. We need to listen to what is said and unsaid, and also how it is said.
It's important to hear what people say accurately. As Mark Twain said，“The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug (萤火虫)．” If you miss something or you're not sure you've heard accurately, ask the speakers. At this point you're not evaluating what they say, but just looking for accuracy and understanding. Here are some ways to get clear about what they say and don't say. Why are they saying this now, instead of sooner or later? Why are they emphasizing these points, instead of something else?
Listen to how it is said. People send signals about what they mean with their voices and body language that sometimes differ from the words they say. While going through the next points, think about someone whose real meaning you might sometimes miss, and see if any of these signals might come up. First, voices. When others speak, notice changes in their volume, pace, and tone. Second, body language. Notice gestures, eye contact, and facial expressions. Do these sync what they are saying, or do they tell a different story? Third, emotions. What is the person true feeling? Now you might not know for sure, but be considerate, open to understanding, and ask thoughtful questions.
【文章大意】 本文讲述了聆听的内涵。我们要听懂说话人想要表达的言外之意，并且要注意说话方式。
5. What's the writer's purpose of mentioning Evelyn Glennie?
A．To give an example of wise words.
B．To introduce a world-famous musician.
C．To help explain the meaning of listening.
D．To encourage us to fight against disability.
答案与解析：C'考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“For Glennie, and for us too, listening is not only hearing, but is understanding.”可知，对于Glennie和“我们”来说，聆听不仅是用耳朵听而且是理解，这里说明了聆听的内涵。所以选项C正确。
6．What can we learn from what Mark Twain said?
A．It is important to have a good knowledge of English words.
B．People should know words can be used in many different ways.
C．English is a very complicated language with a large vocabulary.
D．The slight difference between words may result in misunderstanding.
答案与解析：D'考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“It's important to hear what people say accurately.”和“At this point you're not evaluating what they say, but just looking for accuracy and understanding.”可知，准确听懂说话者的意思很重要。因此，选项D“词语的细微差异可能导致误解。”与Mark Twain所说的话意思相吻合。
7．What does the underlined word “sync” probably mean?
A．Match. B．Prove.
C．Describe. D．Analyze.
答案与解析：A'考查词义猜测。画线词前的修饰词these指代前一句中的“gestures, eye contact, and facial expressions”；再根据画线词后的“...what they are saying, or do they tell a different story？”可推断，match与画线词意思相近。故选A。
8．Which is the best title of this passage?
A．Speak While You Listen
B．Listen Beyond Words
C．Read Between Lines
D．Think as You Talk
答案与解析：B'考查标题判断。本文主要说明通过观察说话人的说话方式来听懂说话人想表达的言外之意。所以选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2018·陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测)
I'm sitting at the airport watching people in the last minutes before their loved ones arrive or depart.
A woman is running, in circles trying to gather family members together for a __1__. When the final moment comes before __2__， she wraps her arms around her son, giving him a __3__ hug that should protect him until he __4__.
I sit with a book in my hands, waiting my turn to leave __5__ because the ones I love have a different __6__ from mine.
I think of other departures and arrivals. I __7__ seeing my daughter. I wrapped myself around her as if she'd been __8__. That year she was in her first year at university, coming home for the first time.
Today my flight is two hours late. When my flight is __9__ called, I gather my book and luggage. __10__ there is no one to see me off, I do not __11__ to see where I have come from. __12__， I think of my husband at work __13__ if I have left yet.
As I head towards the plane, I find myself __14__ yet another arrival and departure. That year, my 91-year-old grandfather died. After returning from his funeral, I arrived at the airport __15__. My husband of only a year was waiting at the gate to take me in his arms. Because of my tears, __16__ was looking at us, but I didn't __17__.
Life needs the important __18__ all the time. I wish that all the people who went on a __19__ could come back to find someone __20__ them. I also wish they could leave with someone to see them off.
【文章大意】 作者在机场看到迎接与送行的场景，回忆起与女儿和丈夫的温馨往事，意识到人生中需要欢聚与离别这些重要的时刻。
1．A.lecture B．goodbye
C．dinner D．party
答案与解析：B'结合上文中出现的“arrive or depart”和下文中的“the final moment”可知，空处应该是一个告别(goodbye)的场景，故选B。
2．A.gathering B．boarding
C．announcing D．landing
答案与解析：B'根据语境可知，此处表示登机(boarding)前最后的时刻，故选B。
3．A.powerful B．gentle
C．warm D．common
答案与解析：A'结合下文中的“protect him”可知，母亲在儿子登机前给他一个强有力的(powerful)拥抱，故选A。gentle“温柔的”；warm“温暖的”；common“共同的，普遍的”。
4．A.leaves B．survives
C．returns D．recovers
答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，快要登机的时候，母亲给了儿子一个强有力的拥抱，自然是盼望儿子能一路平安并平安归来，故选C。leave“离开”；survive“幸存，艰难渡过”；recover“恢复”。
5．A.frightened B．anxious
C．relaxed D．alone
答案与解析：D'根据空后的“... because the ones I love have a different '6' from mine.”和下文中的“there is no one to see me off”可知，作者是一个人(alone)，没有人来为她送行，所以选D。frightened“害怕的，受惊的”；anxious“焦虑的，渴望的”；relaxed“放松的”。
6．A.schedule B．attitude
C．position D．target
答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，作者一个人离开是因为所爱之人都有不同的日程安排。schedule“日程安排，计划表”符合语境，故选A。
7．A.imagine B．enjoy
C．recall D．consider
答案与解析：C'结合语境可知，作者回忆起(recall)女儿上大学第一次回家的往事，所以选C项。
8．A.stolen B．cheated
C．lost D．punished
答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，作者一把抱住女儿，好像她走失了很久。lost“丢失的，遗失的”符合语境。故选C。
9．A.punctually B．finally
C．abruptly D．repeatedly
答案与解析：B'结合语境可知，作者等待很久之后，所乘的航班终于(finally)通知登机了，故选B。punctually“准时地”；abruptly“突然地”；repeatedly“反复地”。
10．A.Although B．While
C．Till D．Since
答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，“'10'there is no one to see me off”和“I do not '11' to see where I have come from”是因果关系，所以空处应用Since“因为，既然”。
11．A.slow down B．get off
C．look back D．run away
答案与解析：C'既然没有人来送行，作者不需要回头张望(look back)。slow down“放慢，减速”；get off“下车，离开”；run away“突然离开，逃离”。
12．A.However B．Besides
C．Instead D．Therefore
答案与解析：C'结合语境可知，作者没有回头张望，相反地，作者想的是，还在上班的丈夫不知道作者是否已经离开。故选C项。
13．A.doubting B．asking
C．predicting D．wondering
答案与解析：D'参见上题解析。wonder if...“不知道是否……”符合语境，故选D。
14．A.remembering B．forgetting
C．planning D．rejecting
答案与解析：A'结合语境可知，作者发现自己记得(remembering)另一件以前的迎接与送行，故选A。
15．A.shouting B．crying
C．laughing D．whispering
答案与解析：B'结合下文中的“Because of my tears”可知，此处应用crying。shout“大喊，喊叫”；laugh“大笑，笑”；whisper“低语，悄声说”。
16．A.someone B．everyone
C．none D．anyone
答案与解析：B'此处指的是，因为作者哭泣，每个人(everyone)都在看着作者和她的丈夫。故选B。
17．A.care B．respond
C．scold D．flee
答案与解析：A'虽然大家都在看，但是作者并不在意(care)，故选A。respond“回复，作出反应”；scold“训斥，责骂”；flee“逃离”。
18．A.arrival B．chance
C．departure D．moment
答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，人生中一直需要这样重要的时刻(moment)，故选D。arrival“到达”；chance“机会”；departure“离开”。
19．A.journey B．diet
C．picnic D．holiday
答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，作者希望所有出行(journey)的人回来时都能看到有人在等待(waiting for)他们。故选A。
20．A.worrying about B．smiling at
C．talking of D．waiting for
答案与解析：D'参见上题解析。
课件55张PPT。 Unit 4 Sharing
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·福州市高三毕业班适应性练习)
Known as “The Man with the Golden Arm”， nearly every week for the past 60 years, James Harrison has donated blood plasma (血浆) from his right arm. The reasons can date back to a serious medical procedure.
“When I was 14, I had a chest operation，” recalls Harrison, who is now aged 80. “My father said I had received 13 units of blood and my life had been saved by unknown people. So I said when I'm old enough, I'll become a blood donor.”
Soon after Harrison became a donor, doctors called him in. His blood, they said, could be the answer to a deadly problem.
“In Australia, up until about 1967, there were about thousands of babies dying each year because of the rhesus disease(恒河猴溶血病)，” explains Jemma Falkenmire, of the Australian Red Cross Blood Service.
Harrison was discovered to have an unusual antibody (抗体) in his blood and in the 1960s he worked with doctors to use the antibodies to develop an injection(注射) called Anti-D which can prevent this disease.
Harrison's blood is precious. Every batch of Anti-D that has ever been made in Australia has come from Harrison's blood. He and Anti-D are credited with saving the lives of more than 2 million babies, according to the Australian Red Cross Blood Service: That's about 2 million lives saved by one man's blood.
Harrison is considered a national hero, and has won numerous awards. He has now donated his plasma more than 1,000 times, but no matter how many times he's given blood there's one thing that will never change: “I look at the ceiling or the nurses, maybe talk to them a bit, but never once have I watched the needle go in my arm. I can't stand the sight of blood, and I can't stand pain，” he says.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了James Harrison用自己的血液挽救了超过两百万名婴儿生命的故事。
1. What was the main reason for Harrison's becoming a blood donor?
A．He has a golden arm.
B．He has precious blood plasma.
C．His father encouraged him to help others.
D．Donated blood once made him survive.
答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据第二段的“My father said I had received 13 units of blood and my life had been saved by unknown people. So I said when I'm old enough, I'll become a blood donor.”可知，Harrison知道他的生命是被不相识的人救的，所以长大要做一个献血者。故D项正确。
2. Why is James' blood precious?
A．James has the Anti-D in his blood.
B．His blood is more useful in treating the rhesus disease.
C．James' blood is the main source of Anti-D in Australia.
D．James has donated more plasma than other donators.
答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。根据第六段第一、二句“Harrison's blood is precious.Every batch of Anti-D that has ever been made in Australia has come from Harrison's blood.”可知，Harrison的血液宝贵的原因是他的血液是澳大利亚Anti-D的主要来源，故C项正确。
3. How does Harrison feel when donating his plasma?
A．Nervous. B．Relaxed.
C．Anxious D．Excited.
答案与解析：A'考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I look at the ceiling or the nurses, maybe talk to them a bit, but never once have I watched the needle go in my arm.”可知，在献血时他看着天花板或者护士，也许跟护士聊一聊，但从来不看针扎进手臂。据此可以判断，他在献血时很紧张，故A项正确。
B
(2018·石家庄市高中毕业班第二次模拟)
Too Good To Go is a smartphone app which allows restaurants to sell food that would otherwise be thrown away at discount prices from as little as ￡2 to a maximum of ￡3.80, even if the meals are sold from the very finest restaurants in the country. Originally created in Denmark and launched in Brighton and Leeds in June, the service has recently been introduced into the United Kingdom by a couple of young entrepreneurs(企业家)．
Millions of tons of foods are thrown in the trash every year, with restaurants accounting for a large part, so eco-entrepreneurs Chris Wilson and Jamie Crummie came up with the good idea to stop food waste. Using Too Good To Go not only helps restaurants save expense, but gives people in need the chance to order fancy dishes at low prices.
Too Good To Go is very convenient for users. Restaurants make food available on the Too Good To Go app and website. People can look through the available dishes on the smartphones, pay for them using a credit card and pick them up at a set time, an hour before closing time.
Although Too Good To Go does take a fee from restaurants for each sale, its creators say the end goal is to use it for restaurants to solve their waste management problem, rather than making a profit. Wilson claims, “The idea is that restaurants stop producing the extra food so they don't need to throw it away in the trash, and we really want to put ourselves out of business by stopping food waste.”
Birmingham has become the latest city where restaurants can reduce food waste to the lowest limit by working with the Too Good To Go social enterprise app.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Too Good To Go这款手机软件，它可以帮助饭店以较低的价格处理要扔掉的食物，这样既避免了浪费，又给那些需要的人提供了可口的食物。
【难句分析】Too Good To Go is a smartphone app which allows restaurants to sell food that would otherwise be thrown away at discount prices from as little as ￡2 to a maximum of ￡3.80, even if the meals are sold from the very finest restaurants in the country.
分析：这是一个复合句。which引导定语从句，在从句中充当主语，先行词为a smartphone app; that也引导定语从句，在从句中充当主语，先行词为food；even if引导让步状语从句。
译文：Too Good To Go是一款智能手机软件，(通过这款软件)饭店可以出售本来要扔掉的食物。即使这些食物来自本国最好的饭店，价位也控制在2英镑至3.8英镑之间。
4. Where was Too Good To Go originally launched?
A．In Denmark. B．In Brighton.
C．In Birmingham. D．In the US.
答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Originally created in Denmark and launched in Brighton and Leeds”可知，这款软件最初是在Denmark创造出来，在Brighton和Leeds发起的，故选B项。
5. What's the app intended to do?
A．Make a profit by selling food on the website.
B．Allow restaurants to sell food at low prices.
C．Help restaurants to deal with leftover food.
D．Call on restaurants to save food and money.
答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据文章第二段中的“... so eco-entrepreneurs Chris Wilson and Jamie Crummie came up with the good idea to stop food waste. Using Too Good To Go not only helps restaurants save expense, but gives people in need the chance to order fancy dishes at low prices.”可知，这款软件的目的是阻止食物浪费，不仅帮助饭店节省费用，而且给那些需要的人提供一个低价品尝好菜的机会，故选C项，帮助饭店处理剩余食物。
6. How did the creators of the app make profits?
A．By selling copies of the app.
B．By taking a fee from buyers.
C．By charging restaurants for each sale.
D．By getting donations from entrepreneurs.
答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据文章第四段中的“Although Too Good To Go does take a fee from restaurants for each sale”可知，该软件的创造者是通过向饭店的每一单生意收费来赚钱的，因此选C项。
7. What can we infer from the text?
A．People can pay less money for a rich meal.
B．The app is mainly designed to help the poor.
C．Dishes can be sold to make a lot of profits.
D．People can get their ordered food at home.
答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Too Good To Go is a smartphone app which allow restaurants to sell food that would otherwise be thrown away at discount prices from as little as ￡2 to a maximum of ￡3.80, ever if the meals are sold from the very finest restaurants in the country.”和第二段中的“Using Too Good To Go not only helps restaurants save expense, but gives people in need the chance to order fancy dishes at low prices.”可以推知，由于Too Good To Go软件的出现，人们可以花比较少的钱吃一顿丰盛的饭，故选A项。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2018·广东汕头普通高中毕业班教学质量监测)
Here's a surprising truth — one of the most powerful weapons to enhance your life is your own tongue!
__1__ Concentrate on the qualities of other people that you can affirm instead of on their faults. This alone should do wonders in relieving stress in your relationships. Doctors know that prolonged anxiety harms you, but encouraging words can remove stress and a peaceful mind leads to improved physical health, too. __2__
Avoid fueling verbal fire. When someone starts to blow up all at you, be careful about your response. Why burn your relationship house down with your own mouth? Try spraying water on an argument with calm words instead of using a flamethrower. How many marriages have been destroyed when in a fit of anger people spew out hurtful accusations to one another that are never forgotten! __3__ “A soft answer turns away wrath(狂怒), but a harsh word stirs up anger.”
Stop complaining. We all know people who complain all the time, especially about the fault of others. __4__ Nothing is ever going well for them, and probably nothing ever will — as long as they keep complaining and putting their energy on what they really don't want.
Do think before you speak. __5__ It is useless regretting. It doesn't matter how unintentional they may be, words can sometimes cut a lot deeper than a sword. Very often you'll hear people say, “I didn't mean to hurt your feelings.” Well, if you didn't want to hurt feelings why couldn't you be thoughtful before you let the unpleasant words escape your loose lips?
A．You should practice waiting a while before answering someone when you are angry.
B．Practice speaking positive words instead of negative ones.
C．We store in our minds in a kind of mental art gallery what others have said to us.
D．Once the words leave your mouth, it is impossible to take them back.
E．The longer you think, the better you'll speak.
F．The more they do so, the more they are disliked.
G．Think twice before speaking.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，告诉我们应如何注意自己的说话方式以帮助我们减压并改善人际关系。
1．答案与解析：B 根据空后一句“Concentrate on the qualities of...on their faults.”和下文的“encouraging words can remove stress”可知，应选B(练习说一些积极的话语而不是消极的话语)。
2．答案与解析：C'由空前一句中的“prolonged anxiety harms you, but encouraging words can remove stress”可知，我们会把别人对我们说的话储存在脑海里，如果这些话是消极的，则会伤害我们；相反若是鼓励性的话语，就会帮我们消除压力，故选C。
3．答案与解析：A'根据空前一句中的“... when in a fit of anger people spew out hurtful accusations to one another that are never forgotten！”可知，人们一气之下就会说出让自己后悔的话，所以要练习在气头上控制自己的情绪，故选A(当你生气时，你应该练习在回答问题之前先等一会儿)。
4．答案与解析：F'由空前一句“We all know people who complain all the time...of others.”和空后的“Nothing is ever going well for them”可知，那些喜欢抱怨的人抱怨得越多，他们就越不招人喜欢，F选项中的they指的就是那些爱抱怨的人。
5．答案与解析：D'最后一段的主题是“在说话之前要三思”。根据空前的“Do think before you speak”和空后一句“It is useless regretting.(后悔是没有用的。)”可知，选D项。
Ⅲ.短文改错
(2018·广西重点高中二模)
The day before Mother's Day, everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers were what most students would do. However, I wanted to do something differently. As then I lived in school and couldn't go back home on Mother's Day, so I decided to call her and sent her my best wishes. I searched the Internet for suggestions, what were very useful, and I read it carefully. When I called my mother, however, I had the feel that someone else's words would have no meaning to her. So I gave in and just told my mother I loved her and thanked her to all she had done for me.
答案：
The day before Mother's Day, everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers what most students would do. However, I wanted to do something . As then I lived in school and couldn't go back home on Mother's Day, I decided to call her and her my best wishes. I searched the Internet for suggestions, were very useful, and I read carefully. When I called my mother, however, I had the that someone else's words would have no meaning to her. So I gave and just told my mother I loved her and thanked her all she had done for me.
课件54张PPT。 Unit 5 Travelling abroad
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)
Summer Camps in Season!
STEM Camp July 10 to August 14, Cost：$180
90% of the jobs in the future will require STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics) education. We find ways to make learning fun and exciting for students to help ensure their futures. Campers participate in fun and engaging STEM activities! Register: www. stemcamp. ca or call 519－475－6600.
Kandalore June 15 to 28, Cost: $2,340
The finest traditional camp in Canada, provides the best of both canoe (独木舟) adventures and in-camp activities. For more than 65 years, Kandalore has given campers the opportunity to know and be themselves. We create a warm and supportive environment where kids can express their unique self, grow in self-confidence and build lifetime friendships. Register: www.kandalore.com or call 416－322－9735.
ESL Summer Camp June 25 to July 21, Cost: $5,500
Pickering College has an exciting ESL summer camp for students aged 12－18 who want to learn English and experience the wonders of summer at our 42-acre campus; students enjoy the excellent dormitory, dining, academic, and social facilities of one of Canada's oldest independent schools. Register：www. pickeringcollege. on.ca or call 905－175－8900.
DEEP Summer Academy August 16 to 26, Cost: $465
We provide highly motivated high school students from across the world with the opportunity for advanced study in a variety of engineering, technology, business and science subjects. Organized by the University of Toronto, DEEP is one of the most diverse pre-university engineering programs all over the world with scholarships. Register: www.outreach.engineering.utoronto.ca or call 416－946－0816.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个夏令营的时间、收费标准、主要活动内容及联系方式等信息。
【难句分析】Pickering College has an exciting ESL summer camp for students aged 12－18 who want to learn English and experience the wonders of summer at our 42-acre campus; students enjoy the excellent dormitory, dining, academic, and social facilities of one of Canada's oldest independent schools.
分析：本句中aged 12－18作students的后置定语；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词students。dormitory, dining, academic和social facilities都作enjoy的宾语，of one of Canada's oldest independent schools作facilities的后置定语。
译文：Pickering学院有一个为(那些)想要学习英语和在学院42英亩的校区内感受夏天的奇观的12至18岁的学生们举办的令人兴奋的ESL夏令营，(参加的)学生们(可以)享受加拿大最古老的私立学校的一流食宿、学习和社交设施。
1．Which number should you call if you want to improve your English?
A．519－475－6600. B．416－322－9735.
C．416－946－0816. D．905－175－8900.
答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据第三则信息中的“Pickering College has an exciting ESL summer camp for students aged 12－18 who want to learn English”和“call 905－175－8900”可知D选项正确。
2．When will the shortest camp start?
A．On July 10. B．On June 15.
C．On June 25. D．On August 16.
答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。综合四则信息可知，DEEP Summer Academy的时间长度是11天，与题干的the shortest camp相符合。这个夏令营是“August 16 to 26”所以D选项正确。
3．Where can you go if you are interested in the experience of adventure?
A．Kandalore.
B．STEM Camp.
C．ESL Summer Camp.
D．DEEP Summer Academy.
答案与解析：A'考查细节理解。根据第二则信息中的“...provides the best of both canoe(独木舟)adventures and in-camp activities.”可知，选项A与题干的“the experience of adventure”相符合。所以A选项正确。
4．How similar are STEM Camp and DEEP Summer Academy?
A．They both offer scholarships for students.
B．They provide the same courses for students.
C．They both prepare students for their development.
D．They are both designed for international students.
答案与解析：C'考查推理判断。根据第一则信息中的“for students to help ensure their futures”和第四则信息中的“We provide highly motivated high school students from across the world with the opportunity for advanced study”可以推断二者都对学生的未来发展(development)有帮助。所以选项C正确。
B
(2018·四川成都高中毕业班第一次诊断)
I remember the first time I got on a horse. When I was a little boy aged two, my mom agreed to let me take a short ride and that was it! From then on, I drove my parents crazy begging for a horse.
When I was four, I had mutism, in which children stop speaking in certain social situations. I went days, weeks, months without a sound at school. At most, I might quietly whisper to a friend. I suffered silently through school until I was ten when a psychologist had an idea. He asked me what I wanted more than anything else in the world. He explained I was going to be given an opportunity to work for that. And I was permitted to whisper the answer in my mother's ear，“A horse.”
I was to get a pony, but I had to live up to my end of the bargain. I had a chart of weekly tasks I had to accomplish. I had to answer the phone five times per week, something I had never done before. I had to say one word to my teacher at school and the list went on. For a child with mutism, saying one word to someone can be like climbing Mount Qomolangma. I did everything that was asked of me and the day came. His name was Sequoia，whom I fell in love with immediately. When I was in Sequoia's presence, I forgot all about my problems and felt strong and secure.
I am a fully participating member of society these days. My horse and I made it through a master's degree. I may have made it otherwise, but I'm not sure. I feel I owe my life to the horse and I try to give it back to him every day. He has given me the best gift I could ever imagine, my life.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。“我”从小爱马，四岁时患有缄默症，在心理医生的帮助下，接受了艰苦的训练；当和马在一起时，“我”感到非常放松。如今，“我”已经能够融入社会。
5. What was the situation like when the author was four?
A．He didn't say a word at all.
B．He learned how to ride a horse.
C．He found his classmates unfriendly.
D．He had difficulty in communicating.
答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据第二段的第一句“When I was four, I had mutism, in which children stop speaking in certain social situations.”可知，“我”在四岁时患上缄默症，在沟通上有困难，故D项正确。根据第二段的“At most, I might quietly whisper to a friend.”可知，“我”可能会和朋友低声说话，故A项错误；B、C项文章没有提及。
6．What can we infer about the author from Paragraph 3?
A．He completed some tasks easily.
B．He pushed himself extremely hard.
C．He fell in love with Sequoia gradually.
D．He found the psychologist's idea ineffective.
答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。根据第三段的“For a child with mutism, saying one word to someone can be like climbing Mount Qomolangma.”可知，对于一个患有缄默症的孩子来说，跟别人说一句话像登珠穆朗玛峰一样难；据此可以判断，“我”在努力接受训练，故B项正确。根据第三段可知，A项错误；根据第三段中的“whom I fell in love with immediately”可知，“我”立即爱上了Sequoia，故C项错误；根据最后一段中的“I am a fully participating member”可知，D项错误。
7．What is the author's purpose of writing the text?
A．To share his unfortunate childhood.
B．To give tips on how to cure mutism.
C．To show his deep gratefulness to his horse.
D．To inspire kids struggling against mutism.
答案与解析：C'考查写作意图。通读全文可知，本文的主题句是本文最后两句“I feel I owe my life to the horse and I try to give it back to him every day.He has given me the best gift I could ever imagine，my life.”，据此可知，本文旨在表达对马深深的感激，故C项正确。
C
(2018·重庆西北狼教育联盟第一期联考)
Many people delight in gossiping, and the more they know about someone else, the more powerful they feel — at someone else's expense. While at the end of the day no good will come of it and someone is bound to get hurt, try telling that to someone who's excited to relay the latest piece of juicy news.
Most people have some awareness when saying something we know we shouldn't. As it is slipping out of our mouths, we start to feel uncomfortable. We have a sense of conflict between finishing the sentence that may draw attention but won't make anyone look good and awkwardly stopping midstory. There are those who after spreading gossip end with a well-meaning, “I shouldn't have said anything and I can't really tell you how I heard it.” Not any better. Once out, they may feel good for a moment, but they're just as likely to regret their decision. By this time, it is too late.
That said, some people just don't notice or pay attention to the voice in their head saying “Don't”， and others actively ignore it. In the end, the results are the same. With our lack of sensitivity, we say things that should never be said and often don't stop long enough to realize that we have not only hurt others, but we have unintentionally hurt ourselves. Given this, why do people gossip? For some, it feels good to be in control of knowledge that others may not know.
Talking about others can become a habit and unless you work hard to break it, you may discover that others distance themselves from you. After all, if you can't be trusted to keep secrets and not share information, people may choose not to have you as their friend. We have two ears and just one mouth. When in doubt, it is always better to listen than to speak.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文，论述了有些人热衷于说闲话的原因，并说明这种习惯的坏处以及如何改正这一不良习惯。
【难句分析】While at the end of the day no good will come of it and someone is bound to get hurt, try telling that to someone who's excited to relay the latest piece of juicy news.
分析：该句为主从复合句，句中While引导让步状语从句，who's excited to relay the latest piece of juicy news为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词someone。
译文：尽管这到头来没有什么好处，并且有人很可能会受到伤害，但是(人们)还是试图(把消息)告诉某个热衷于传播最新有趣新闻的人。
8．What's the closest meaning of the underlined word “relay”？
A．Show. B．Cover.
C．Spread. D．Get.
答案与解析：C 考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句中的“someone who's excited to”和“the latest piece of juicy news”可知，尽管这到头来没有什么好处，并且有人很可能会受到伤害，但是人们还是试图告诉某个热衷于传播最新有趣消息的人。据此可以判断，画线词意为“传播”，故C项正确。
9．Which statement is NOT the reason for people being conscious of saying something they know they shouldn't?
A．They feel not good when they leak out it.
B．They aren't interested in it.
C．They have a sense of conflict during saying it.
D．They probably regret saying it.
答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。根据第二段的第二句“As it is slipping out of our mouths，we start to feel uncomfortable.”可知，一旦说出口，我们便感到不舒服；根据第二段第三句中的“We have a sense of conflict”可知，我们对是否要说出口会感到很矛盾；根据第二段的倒数第二句“Once out，they may feel good for a moment, but they're just as likely to regret their decision.”可知，他们会对说出去的话感到后悔。B项没有提及，故选B项。
10．Why do people say something that should never be said and can hurt others?
A．Because they want to hurt others.
B．Because they hate this kind of people.
C．Because they don't know each other well.
D．Because they are lack of sensitivity.
答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据第三段的第三句“With our lack of sensitivity，we say things that should never be said and often don't stop long enough to realize that we have not only hurt others，but we have unintentionally hurt ourselves.”可知，由于我们缺乏敏感性，所以我们才会说出不应该说的话，故D项正确。
11．From the last paragraph, we can know that ________.
A．we should speak less and listen more
B．we can't keep secrets
C．we haven't many friends
D．we should talk about others as much as possible
答案与解析：A'考查细节理解。根据最后一句“When in doubt，it is always better to listen than to speak”可知，我们应当多听少说，故A项正确。根据最后一段的第二句“After all，if you can't be trusted to keep secrets and not share information，people may choose not to have you as their friend”可知，我们应当保守秘密，不要随意传播信息，否则会丧失朋友，故B、C、D项错误。
D
(2018·山东部分重点中学高三上学期第一次调研)
If you followed the 2016 Olympic Games, you may have noticed that several athletes, including US swimmer Michael Phelps, had circular bruises on their bodies. These bruises were the result of “cupping(拔火罐) therapy”， a traditional Chinese medicinal practice that has been around for more than 2,000 years.
Many athletes say that they have benefited from the therapy. Phelps used the therapy in the fall of 2014 and has used it about twice a week since, reported ABC News. Another US swimmer, Dana Vollmer, also believes that “it really helps with blood flow”．
However, some have said that the supposed health effects result from people's feeling that the treatment works, rather than any physical effect of the treatment.
To figure out cupping therapy has any physical effect, last year researchers from Germany carried out a test in which a false treatment was provided.
In the study, the same type of cups was used in the real treatment and the false treatment. But in the false treatment, the cups had a hole at the top so that they couldn't create the proper suction(吸力)．
The tested patients, who suffered from a disorder that caused a lot of pain, were told that they would receive either a traditional cupping or “soft cupping”. But they were not informed that the so-called “soft cupping” was a false treatment.
It turned out that most patients correctly guessed which kind of cupping they had received. In both groups, patients also experienced about the same reductions in pain. “The results suggest the effects of cupping therapy might come from factors that are not necessarily part of the treatment itself，” the researchers told the Live Science website.
The question of whether cupping therapy works still needs to be answered. “But because the treatment is relatively safe and it could be helpful for some people, the therapy can be used as part of a comprehensive treatment program involving other exercises, nutritional choices and lifestyle changing，” Dr Brent Bauer, director of the US Complementary and Integrative Medicine Program at Mayo Clinic, told Live Science.
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了中国传统医疗方式拔火罐的实际疗效问题。
【难句分析】The tested patients, who suffered from a disorder that caused a lot of pain, were told that they would receive either a traditional cupping or “soft cupping”．
分析：本句是一个复合句。who引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为patients；第一个that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词disorder；第二个that引导宾语从句，在从句中不作句子成分。
译文：那些因身体紊乱而遭受痛苦的实验病人被告知要么接受传统的拔火罐治疗要么接受“软火罐”治疗。
12．Why is Michael Phelps mentioned in the passage?
A．To give athletes a new way to swim faster.
B．To provide athletes with a new way of treatment.
C．To introduce the topic on cupping therapy.
D．To show swimmers suffer from disorders.
答案与解析：C'考查推理判断。根据文章前两段的整体内容可推知，提到运动员菲尔普斯是为了导入文章的话题，即：拔火罐疗法是否有效，故选C。
13．The purpose of the test by researchers from Germany was to ________.
A．promote the health effects of cupping therapy
B．see whether cupping therapy has a physical effect
C．compare traditional cupping with the soft cupping
D．compare cupping therapy's effects on different groups of people
答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。根据第四段“To figure out cupping therapy has any physical effect, last year researchers from Germany carried out a test in which a false treatment was provided.”可知，实验的目的是验证拔火罐是否真的有效。
14．What can be learned from the passage?
A．Different people need different types of cupping therapy.
B．The real treatment and false treatment almost have the same effects.
C．The results show that cupping therapy is not part of the treatment.
D．Cupping therapy is only effective when used with lifestyle changing.
答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段的“In both groups, patients also experienced about the same reductions in pain.”可知，实验表明两种不同的拔火罐方法效果是一样的。
15．According to Dr Brent Bauer, cupping therapy ________.
A．is a fast and easy treatment for people to carry out
B．is a newly invented way to cure some diseases
C．needs a long period of time to take effect
D．can be used together with other treatments
答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“But because the treatment is relatively safe and it could be helpful for some people, the therapy can be used as part of a comprehensive treatment program involving other exercises, nutritional choices and lifestyle changing”可知，Dr Brent Bauer认为拔火罐可以和其他方法一起配合治疗。A项错在a fast and easy treatment，文章中并没有得出这样的结论；B项的a newly invented way，与文章中的“a traditional Chinese medicinal...2,000 years”不符，且文中并没有提到拔火罐能治愈疾病；C项错在needs a long period of time，文章中并没有提到拔火罐的时效问题。
第二部分 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2018·济南模拟)
While you are travelling abroad, cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mistakes, which can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill feeling between individuals. __1__
●Touching Someone
__2__ In Mediterranean countries, if you don't touch someone's arm when talking to them or if you don't greet them with kisses or a warm hug, you'll be considered cold. But backslap(拍背) someone who isn't a family member or a good friend in Korea, and you'll make them uncomfortable. In Thailand, the head is considered sacred — never even pat a child on the head.
●Talking over Dinner
In some countries, like China, Japan and some African nations, the food is the thing, so don't start chatting about your day's adventures while everyone else is digging into dinner.
__3__ It's not because your group is unfriendly, but because mealtimes are for eating, not talking.
●Removing Your Shoes or Not
Take off your shoes when arriving at the door of a London dinner party and the hostess will find you uncivilized, but fail to remove your shoes before entering a home in Asia, Hawaii, or the Pacific Islands and you'll be considered disrespectful. So, if you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces. __4__
Once you are on the ground of a different country, remain highly sensitive to native behavior. __5__ And don't feel offended if something seems offensive — like queue jumping. After all, this is a global village, and we are all very different.
A．Personal space varies as you travel the globe.
B．Asians consider removing shoes impolite at home.
C．Never be completely surprised by anything.
D．The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his idea.
E．Look out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them.
F．If not, keep the shoes on.
G．You'll likely be met with silence.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，讲述了一些出国旅游时应当注意的文化上的错误。
段意梳理：
第一段：外出旅游时，文化方面的错误比语言方面的错误更容易造成误解。
第二段：触碰某人。不同国家对于触碰某人有不同的习俗。
第三至四段：边吃边谈。在一些国家如中国、日本和一些非洲国家，吃饭时不说话。
第五段：是否脱鞋。不同国家对进门是否脱鞋也有不同的习俗。
第六段：当你在国外时，应当对当地的习俗保持高度敏感。
1．答案与解析：E 该空是一个总结句，用来引出下面要提到的话题，起承上启下的作用，故选E项。
2．答案与解析：A 结合小标题“Touching Someone”及下文提到的不同国家对于触碰有不同的习俗可知，不同的地方对个人空间的理解各不相同。故选A项。
3．答案与解析：G 上文介绍在中国、日本和一些非洲国家，吃饭时不要闲谈。由此可知，吃饭时要保持沉默，只有G项与此相关。故选G项。
4．答案与解析：F 该空与前一句是相反的情况，上文提到“如果你在门口看到一排鞋子，就松开你的鞋带。”，接下来就应当描写与之相反的情况，故选F项。
5．答案与解析：C 从空后的“And don't...like queue jumping”可知，此空与该句表并列关系，也应是“不要……”，故选C项。
