专题二 完形填空题解题技巧（浙江专版）

专题二 完形填空题解题技巧
完形填空在浙江省各地市中考试题中的题材广泛，所涉及的知识面广、综合性强，更加注重考查语篇的整体理解，根据上下文情景选择的题目较多。所以同学们必须要具备一定的快速阅读能力，在理解整篇文章故事情节、篇章结构的基础上，依据上下文提供的信息，运用所学的词汇、句型和有关语法知识，推断出正确合理的答案。设空以实词为主、虚词为辅，单词为主、短语为辅。动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词等实词通常要占全部小题数的绝大部分。而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考查较少。
一、完形填空的命题形式
“完形填空”有多种形式，但它在基本设计原则上都是一致的。形式都是从短文中抽去若干词，让考生根据上下文填入适当的词，为了有助于考生填入适当的词，可以提供四个答案（其中包括一个正确答案），让考生选出正确的答案；也可以给出单词首字母完形填空，或者给出字母及单词长度（由几个字母组成）；也可以不给考生提供任何线索，完全凭借考生对文章的理解和现有的语言能力完成。最常见的还是选择型的“完形填空”。 “抽词法”可以是有针对性地抽，也可以是随机地抽。但目前比较流行的是对文章理解能力的考查，而不是单纯对语法结构的考查。“完形填空”要求考生不仅要会运用自己学过的词汇和语法知识妥善地处理好每个单句，理解语义，还要处理好单句之间以及单句与全文之间的内在关系，选出适当的词填上，使文章完整与通顺。 完形填空题要求填入的词主要有：构成各种时态和用法区别的动词及短语动词；名词和介词；根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的形容词、副词、代词和连词；同义词、近义词等易混词。考查以实词为主，兼顾虚词和语法结构。难点主要集中在根据上下文作正确判断的词的用法上。
二、完形填空的测试目标
完形填空主要测试学生在具体语言环境中对文章的篇章结构、中心思想、推理判断、词语辨析、习惯用法、固定搭配等方面的能力要求，及对所学英语的综合运用能力、快速阅读理解能力及逻辑推理判断能力等。“完形填空”旨在测试考生的综合应用语言能力。因此，要做好“完形填空”，不仅要具备一定的词法、句法和惯用法等语法知识，而且还要具备阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和运用语言知识的实践能力。常考的完形填空通常是将一篇逻辑性较强的短文，留出若干个空，然后采用"四选一"的方法，将短文补充完整。它属于客观题型。分析近五年中考试题的完形填空题除保留传统题型的优点外，还采用了选词填空(有多余选项)或根据上下文补全对话(或短文)等主观题型。但事实证明，完形填空通常是同学们较难把握的题型之一，且失分率较高。限于篇幅，本文着重谈谈客观题型的解法。21cnjy.com
一、完形填空解题步骤：
　　1、 快速诵读全文，领会大意
　　完形填空题所给的是一篇意思完整的短文，所选的答 案处在整段或整篇文章之中。所以在做题前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是绝不可省的一步。每篇短文总有一定的主题思想，段落之间必然承上启下，前呼后应，句与句之间 也一定紧密相连，形成一个整体。因此通读全文是要一气呵成，不要中断思路，只要能了解短文的大意就可。某些细节不理解可以跳过。如果不影响答题，可以置之不理。如果与答题有关，可到第二步填空时再琢磨解决。另外，在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头和结尾，因为它们能提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心议题。www.21-cn-jy.com
　　2、抓住结构、语意及逻辑三条线索，分析对比备选答案
　　在通读全文的基础上，根据句子结构是否正确、语意是否通顺、逻辑是否合理对各备选答案应进行对比分析。分析时具体应注意以下几点：【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
　　(1) 当遇到一个需要填的词时，首先要考虑这个词在句子中的成分是什么 词性是什么
　　(2) 如果需要填的是名词，就要考虑名词的单复数和所有格形式。
　　(3) 如果需要填的是形容词或副词，就应考虑是用原级或是比较级，还是最高级。
　　(4) 如果需要填的是动词，则要考虑动词的时态，语态，人称变化，语气以及非谓语动词(不定式和动词-ing形式)的一般式，被动式和完成式等。21·世纪*教育网
　　(5) 如果需要填空的是介词，则要注意固定搭配的用法。
　　(6) 如果需要填的是冠词，则要注意是用不定冠词还是用定冠词。
　　(7) 另外要注意一些固定句型的完整。
　　(8) 所选答案应该和上下文和结构上 都吻合
　　(9) 局部服从整体，应 从短文的整体内容出发，
　　3、复查核对，决定取舍
　　通读全文，检查还原了的原文是否完整、合理。其方法是:把短文连同所选答案细读一遍，凡读起来别扭或答案无确切把握的地方分别记下来，然后将每个空 白处与其相对应的四个答案逐一对照，务求一一过关，避免遗漏。若发现原所选答案与复查时所选答案不同，不要急于涂改，待认真斟酌核实后，再决定取舍。 另外，在平时的练习中，对每一篇完形填空均可重复作上几遍，通过反复的练习，不但可以牢固地掌握所学基础知识，而且能够提高完形填空的应试能力。2-1-c-n-j-y
二、完形填空主要解题方法：
解题技巧一：主谓一致判断法
在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，启动此必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。我们在做完形填空题时，会经常遇到要靠主谓一致判断法来确定选项的情况。寻找其规律，大致可分为三个原则：即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近原则。21*cnjy*com
【例题展示】
A short time ago , a test＿＿＿given in the United States. ……The results showed that if a person＿＿＿a right breakfast, he or she will work better than he or she who has no breakfast ……【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
1. A.is B.are C.was D.were
2. A.eat B.eats C.eating D.ate
解题技巧二：固定句式判断法
固定句式，就是英语中一些常见的固定句型，像：there be举行；not……until句型；It takes/took sb. +金钱/时间+to do sth.句型；It’s +形容词+（for sb.）to do sth,句型；too……to句型等。记住并灵活运用这些固定句式，在做完型填空时是很有用的，可以轻松快速帮助我们排除一些干扰因素，更快、更准的选择答案。【出处：21教育名师】
【例题展示】
Everyone needs friends.We all like to feel closer to someone. ＿＿＿is nice to have a friend to talk,laugh and do things with……【版权所有：21教育】
1.A.It B.He C.There D.Someone
解题技巧三：上下文暗示法
上下文暗示法分为上文语境暗示法和下文语境暗示两种。在做完型填空是，我们会经常遇到此类题目，若无上下文的提示，我们根本无法做出正确的选择；但是我们可以根据上下文的一些提示性的引导词判断上下文和空格部分的关系，从而做出正确的选择。21教育名师原创作品
【例题展示】
Mark Twain,a famous American writer,was onec traveling in France.He went by train to Dijon. He was very tired and wanted to＿＿＿.He asked the conductor to wake him up when the train got to Dijon.But first he said he was a heavy sleeper……
1.A.read B.write C.drink D.sleep
解题技巧四：逻辑推理法
逻辑推理法也叫语境推测法，是我们在做完形填空题时使用的十分重要的方法之一。完型填空是一篇有完整内容的文章，各行各段之间有着逻辑上的必然联系。在所提供的选项中，有的从语法角度是正确的，从语义上考虑就会自相矛盾，出现不合逻辑的现象。这时应从文章和句子入手，对语法无误的几个选项通过分析对比，选出最符合上下文内在联系的答案。
【例题展示】
When you wave a friend you are using sign（手势）languages.When you smile at someone,you mean to be＿＿＿.When you put one finger in front of your＿＿＿,you mean”Be quiet.”
Yet,people in different countries may use different sign languages.Once an English-man was Italy.He could speak a little Italian. One day while he was walking in the street,he felt＿＿＿and went into a restaurant……
1.A.well B.friendly C.fine D.careful
2.A.eyes B.legs C.mouth D.head
3.A.hungry B.tired C.cold D.ill
解题技巧五：词义辨析法
词义辨析法考查的面广，该内容也是英语学习中的一个难点；在完型填空中出现这一类题目，如果要求做到准确选择，必须在一定的语境或句子中理解，这种考查方式和辨析也是目前完形填空题在中考中考查的一个重点和趋势，所以这一方法是我们必须要掌握的。词义辨析法包括各种词性的考查，如名词、介词、代词、动词、形容词等。
【例题展示】
In England,people don’t like＿＿＿very much.You can go on a bus, ＿＿＿on a train,and people just sit looking＿＿＿the windows.Often they read.They read books and newspapers.But they don’t talk……
1.A.laughing B.going out C.talking D.playing
2.A.or B.and C.either D.but
3.A.from B.through C.at D.out of
解题技巧六：固定搭配法
固定句型和短语搭配不仅是学习的难点，也是完型填空测试的重点。固定搭配形式较多，有名词短语搭配、动词短语搭配、介词短语搭配等，这些固定搭配都是语言在长期的发展和演变过程中形成的，是语言的精华，我们只有在平时学习中认真积累，做题时才能得心应手。做这类题时，不需要特别的分析，就能锁定正确的答案。
【例题展示】
From Monday to Friday most people are busy working or studying,but in the evening and weekends they are free and ＿＿＿themselves.Some watch TV or go to the movies;others take part ＿＿＿sports.This is decided by their own interests ……
1.A.love B.work C.enjoy D.play
2.A.at B.with C.on D.in
五、学以致用
(1)
（2015·杭州）完型填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。
Marcos was a hard working farmer. Every day he asked his only son to 1 him in the fields, but Paolo seldom got out of bed before noon. Marcos was very 2 about his only son. One evening Marcos' old friend Luigi 3 “ Marcos, why aren't your fields ready for planting ”Marcos explained that he was old and his back hurt. He said that Paolo was 4 and did not help him with the farming. "Marcos, you need to use your 5 as much as your back. I have an idea for you.”Luigi said. Early the next morning Marcos rushed into Paolo's room. "I found your grandfather's map!”he cried. "We may find 6 he buried（埋）his gold coins!”Paolo jumped out of bed. “I'll start over here.”Paolo told his father. Paolo 7 in the field all day. While Paolo dug, his father 8 along, dropping something from his bag into the ground. When they went in for dinner that night, a very tired Paolo said, “I think Grandfather was old when he made his map. I don't think I'll dig tomorrow.”Paolo 9 to his lazy way and slept all morning. One day Marcos rushed into Paolo's room and cried, "Paolo! I found the treasure in the fields!” Paolo 10 went out to look. He said, "There is 11 here but lines and lines of vegetables.” Marcos smiled. "Paola, it is all around you. You have enough food to make it 12 the winter, with plenty more to sell!”Paolo was embarrassed（尴尬的）to see that his father was 13 . His one day of hard work had provided his with real treasure. He learned an important 14 He could make a good living with a little hard work. He became a good 15 and made his father proud.
1. A. feed B. help C. save D. watch
2. A. sad B. happy C. proud D. bored
3. A. stood up B. moved in C. started out D. stopped by
4. A. busy B. excited C. lazy D. free
5. A. hands B. feet C. brain D. face
6. A. how B. where C. when D. why
7. A. dug B. planted C. played D. arrived
8. A. got B. ate C. sang D. followed
9. A. listened B. returned C. talked D. led
10. A. quietly B. suddenly C. sleepily D. easily
11. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing
12. A. through B. without C. since D. before
13. A. sure B. right C. rich D. kind
14. A. plan B. meeting C. lesson D. opinion
15. A. student B. actor C. friend D. farmer
(2)
（2016 丽水）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Jane had two children to raise. She had to pay for the housing and 1 clothes. She had a lot of bills. She worked in a 2 every day and got $600 a week. Even when she was 3 , she went to work.Jane worked hard and did a great job. She depended on tips (小费) to help her get enough money to pay the bills. One night, after Jane had served dinner to a family, 4 left a big tip on the table. It was 5 . Jane was taking care of another family at their table. When she turned back, she found the money had been 6 . Jane saw a woman at another table staring at her when she 7 the restaurant. Jane went to ask her what food she wanted. She 8 just as and wich. She did not leave a tip after eating and Jane heard that she paid with a $20 bill. Jane was sure the woman had stolen her 9 , but she couldn't prove (证明) it. The next night, the 10 woman came into the restaurant. She gave Jane $50. She said, “I was so sorry I took your money last 11 . I had a bad day. Someone stole my wallet. So I was angry. So I took your money. 12 that was not right. People should 13good things. Not bad things. So I want you to take the money.”“I'll take the $20 but you keep the 14 . I know you need it,” said Jane.“You should have called the police,” the manager said to Jane.Jane said, “No. We should forgive (原谅) when someone says 15 and wants to make it right. We should try to help each other.” 21*cnjy*com
1. A. buy B. design C. make D. wash
2. A. bookstore B. hospital C. restaurant D. school
3. A. angry B. afraid C. happy D. tired
4. A. he B. she C. we D. they
5. A. $20 B. $30 C. $40 D. $50
6. A. handed in B. taken away C. given back D. thrown out
7. A. looked at B. looked around C. looked after D. looked for
8. A. ordered B. made C. sold D. served
9. A. book B. money C. dinner D. wallet
10. A. old B. beautiful C. same D. strange
11. A. night B. week C. month D. year
12. A. And B. But C. So D. Or
13. A. accept B. borrow C. cook D. share
14. A. money B. promises C. rest D. words
15. A. hello B. thanks C. goodbye D. sorry
(3)
（2016 杭州）完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。Bo, a golden retriever, won this year's Dog Hero Award from the Ken L Ration dog food company. Bo acted 1 last June. Bo and his owners, Rob and Laurie Roberts, were going down the Colorado River in a 16-foot boat. The June 2 was Bo's first time in a boat.Laurie Roberts said, “Things were fine 3 a 6-foot wave broke in front of us and filled the boat with water. Another big wave caught us from the back and turned the 4 over.” Rob was thrown clear, but Laurie and Bo were unable to move out 5 the boat. “Every time I tried to 6 , my head hit the boat,” Laurie said. “I hit the bottom of the river several times. I 7 I was drowning(溺水).”Rob picked up the story, “I reached the land and 8 Laurie,” he said. “I saw Bo swim out from under the overturned boat. Then he 9 and dived(下潜). Soon he came back up, pulling Laurie by the hair.” Laurie, who was 10 and breathless, tried to catch Bo. But the dog stayed out of reach as is knowing 11 of them would drown if Laurie pulled him under. 12 Laurie caught Bo's tail. He 13 her 30 yards to the land. Laurie was cut and bleeding, but she was 14 .“If it hadn't been for Bo, 15 wouldn't be here.” Laurie told everyone at the Dog Hero awards dinner. 2·1·c·n·j·y
1. A. bravely B. strangely C. quietly D. politely
2. A. meeting B. match C. trip D. prize
3. A. since B. though C. unless D. until
4. A. dog B. wave C. boat D. foot
5. A. in B. behind C. under D. above
6. A. get out B. get down C. get off D. get along
7. A. promised B. suggested C. described D. realized
8. A. looked after B. looked for C. looked at D. looked into
9. A. went ahead B. turn around C. jumped out D. stood up
10. A. sad B. sorry C. afraid D. angry
11. A. both B. all C. neither D. one
12. A. Already B. Often C. Besides D. Finally
13. A. followed B. pulled C. led D. pushed
14. A. busy B. calm C. safe D. hurt
15. A. I B. she C. you D. it
(4)
（2016 宁波）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Think before we speak!
It was a sunny and enjoyable day. Everyone in the 1 station was waiting for the train to arrive. Among the crowd, there was a group of young friends who were on board for vacation. It was a 2 station with a lot of people and some juice shops, coffee and tea stalls, newspaper shops, etc. The train was arriving and everyone prepared to 3 the train to their seats.
The group of friends made loud noise to 4 the train as it moved into the station. They ran to get their seats 5 anyone entered the train. The empty seats were 6 and the train whished (鸣汽笛) to move. An old man with a young boy aged around 15 had their seats just next to the friends' group. The young boy was so 7 to see everything. He cheered, "Dad, the train is moving and the things are moving backward."
His father 8 and nodded his head. As the train started moving fast, the young boy again screamed (尖叫) , "Dad, the 9 are green in color and run backward very fast. "His father said, “Yes, dear," and smiled
Just like a kid, he was watching everything with great 10 .A fruit seller passed selling apples, bananas and oranges. The young boy asked his dad, "I want to eat 11 " His father bought some for him. He said, "Oh, this apple looks a lot sweeter than it tastes. I love this color. "The group was watching all the 12 of this boy and asked the boy's father, "Is your son having any problem Why is he behaving so 13 ""His son is mad, I think," a friend from the group made fun of him and shouted. The father of the young boy, with patience, 14 the friends' group, “My son was born 15 . Only a few days ago he was operated. He is seeing different things in his life for the first time. "The young friends became very quiet.
1. A. railway B. bus C. police D. television
2. A. dark B. silent C. busy D. lonely
3. A. get off B. get down C. get out D. get into
4. A. break B. welcome C. push D. leave
5. A. after B. until C. before D. as
6. A. washed B. moved C. filled D. carried
7. A. surprised B. afraid C. sorry D. proud
8. A. shouted B. smiled C. cried D. refused
9. A. skies B. trees C. rivers D. houses
10. A. interest B. doubt C. courage D. sadness
11. A. apples B. bananas C. oranges D. strawberries
12. A. fruits B. words C. clothes D. activities
13. A. happily B. differently C. quietly D. quickly
14. A. quarreled with B. waited for C. replied to D. pointed at
15. A. normal B. deaf C. mad D. blind
(5)
（2016 嘉兴）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Brittany Amano wants to make sure every child in the US has enough to eat. Brittany Amano, now 18, knew how it felt to go hungry. Her mother tried to find a 1 in Honolulu, Hawaii to support the family. Her grandmother helped out as much as she could. But the family 2 had to depend on a local food bank to live on, and for that she was 3 .When they lost their home, Amano's family had to live in a friend's basement （地下室）. “I could feel how hunger and homelessness 4 my family.” Amano told a reporter from TFK. “The experience made me want to give 5 to others in the same situation.” In fourth grade, she and some of her friends started a good project. They 6 $ 700 and collected 800 pounds of food. 7 twelve, Amano set up the un profit （非营利的）group Hawaii's Future Isn't Hungry. She hoped to raise $ 10,000 8 she finished high school. She ended up raising more than $ 500,000 in four years.With the 9 collected, the nonprofit group, now called The Future Isn't Hungry, can offer fresh fruits, vegetables, and other 10 foods to school kids on Fridays. This is to make sure that the kids and 11 families have enough food to get them 12 the weekend. So far, the effort has helped more than 750,000 people.In the fall of this year, Amano will 13 Duck University, in North Carolina on a full scholarship. After that, she plans to return to 14 the city that gave her so much. “It doesn't matter if you help one million people 15 just one person,” she says. “The smallest action can make a huge difference.” www-2-1-cnjy-com
1. A. job B. club C. house D. school
2. A. yet B. still C. just D. never
3. A. careful B. helpful C. hopeful D. thankful
4. A. satisfied B. influenced C. developed D. managed
5. A. hope B. choice C. surprise D. pleasure
6. A. paid B. saved C. raised D. borrowed
7. A. By B. At C. Until D. Below
8. A. if B. since C. when D. because
9. A. food B. clothes C. books D. money
10. A. sweet B. healthy C. cheap D. delicious
11. A. his B. her C. their D. our
12. A. into B. across C. along D. through
13. A. enter B. visit C. drop D. leave
14. A. set off B. club C. give back D. come up
15. A. or B. as C. but D. and
(6)
（2016 衢州） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，使文章完整、通顺。
Susie Sunbeam was not her real name. It was Susan Brown. But everyone called 1 Sunbeam, because she had such a sweet, smiling face. She 2 took brightness with her wherever she went. Her grandfather first gave her this 3 , and it seemed to fit the little girl so 4 that soon it took the place of her own.Even when Susie was a baby, she laughed and smiled from morning till night. No one ever heard her cry unless she was 5 or hurt. When she had learnt to 6 , she loved to go around the house and get things for her mother. 7 , she helped her as much as she could.She loved 8 . She would sit by her mother’s side for an hour at a time, and ask her many questions. At other times, she would take a new book and read quietly. Susie was always pleasant in her play with other children. She never used a(n) 9 word , but tried to do whatever would make her playmates happy. One day, a(n) 10 little girl with an old torn dress passed by. Susie heard some children teasing and laughing at her. She at once ran out to the gate, and asked the little girl to come 11 . “What are you crying for ” Susie asked. “Because they all 12 at me.” she said. Then Susie took the little girl into the house. She 13 the little girl with kind words, and she gave her one of her own best dresses and a good pair of shoes. This brought real 14 to the poor child, and she thought that Sunbeam was the 15 name for Susan Brown.
1. A. it B. itself C. her D. herself
2. A. sometimes B. seldom C. never D. always
3. A. name B. chance C. dress D. book
4. A. possibly B. clearly C. nicely D. easily
5. A. happy B. sick C. fine D. busy
6. A. walk B. say C. read D. write
7. A. By the way B. In this way C. On the way D. In a way
8. A. study B. nature C. travel D. sport
9. A. kind B. unkind C. usual D. unusual
10. A. honest B. weak C. poor D. rich
11. A. in B. out C. up D. down
12. A. look B. point C. shout D. laugh
13. A. brought up B. gave up C. picked up D. cheered up
14. A. pain B. trouble C. pleasure D. truth
15. A. wrong B. right C. strange D. common
(7)
（2017·嘉兴）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
It was the summer before my third grade. Our girls' softball team was facing real pitchers(投球手) 1 the first time. Before that, we could just hit the ball on the tee(球座). When the coach started pitching, hitting became 2 for me. I missed every single pitch. From the side, I heard my teammate Emily laughing at 3 . My face got hot and my throat felt like it had a softball stuck in. At that moment, I was starting to 4 playing softball.The next afternoon, when Mum said it was time to play the game, I told her I was 5 . She allowed me to lie down for a while. So I went to my room and 6 myself in bed. This was difficult for me because I was fine and just 7 to avoid softball.Soon Mum came in and said, “Time to go!” She didn't even ask if I felt 8 . I imagined Emily laughing from the sideline, and 9 I really did feel sick to my stomach. I began crying loudly. Still, Mum pulled my team T-shirt over my head. She said, “You have to 10 for the rest of the season, and only after that we can talk about 11 you'll continue next year.” She added that practice was what I needed, not 12 . She promised to practice with me.I got two hits that afternoon, and Emily didn't make a 13 . Every week after that, I practiced at home 14 I got to be one of the best hitters on the team.That 15 taught me being afraid is part of life, and I can do whatever is expected of me if I keep working and practicing.21教育网
1. A. for B. by C. from D. about
2. A. noisy B. natural C. hard D. possible
3. A. him B. them C. me D. us
4. A. remember B. hate C. enjoy D. practice
5. A. bored B. sick C. shy D. sad
6. A. helped B. dressed C. threw D. taught
7. A. failed B. wanted C. refused D. offered
8. A. safer B. better C. warmer D. happier
9. A. usually B. probably C. carefully D. suddenly
10. A. play B. break C. share D. relax
11. A. what B. where C. which D. whether
12. A. waking up B. hurrying up C. giving up D. speaking up
13. A. plan B. sound C. choice D. decision
14. A. until B. unless C. after D. though
15. A. accident B. business C. relationship D. experience
(8)
完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2017·丽水）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意．然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项·
Emma was hanging the colorful papers，not really paying attention to where she was placing them．She was a little unhappy． 1 ， it was her birthday too and no one in her class had even said happy birthday．They were all busy planning the surprise 2 for their headteacher Mr．Smith．Sure Mr．Smith was 3 ． He knew everyone's birthday and made cards for them．He high—fived you when you got an A on a test，and 4 you when you failed．Emma knew Mr．Smith deserved(该得)a surprise party． 5 she wished just one person could remember it was her birthday too!Emma had a quick look at the huge card the class had made．It was as long as the blackboard．She knew Mr．Smith would be unhappy if they 6 him presents．So she suggested the class make a card just like he did for them．“Emma，will you turn off the 7 please "Ms．Clark said．“I'm going to call Mr．Smith now．”Ms．Clark called Mr．Smith，saying the lights in the 8 had gone out．As soon as Ms．Clark finished the call, Emma looked around the classroom 9 with a sigh(叹气)for another time and turned the lights off．The door opened and everyone shouted， 10 !”"A surprise party for 11 "Mr．Smith asked．He walked over to the huge card．“This is the most beautiful card I've ever 12 ． But it makes my birthday card kind of 13 ． ”Then he turned to Emma and handed her the card．“Happy birthday，Emma．I'm excited that we share the same 14 ”.“Me，too.”Emma said， 15 at Mr．Smith．
“Happy birthday，Emma!"her classmates cheered． 21·cn·jy·com
1. A. After all B. By the way C. First of all D. For example
2. A. talk B. lesson C. party D. trip
3. A. healthy B. humorous C. handsome D. great
4. A. thanked B. praised C. left D. encouraged
5. A. And B. But C. Or D. So
6. A. showed B. made C. lent D. bought
7. A. TV B. fan C. lights D. computers
8. A. classroom B. gym C. library D. yard
9. A. angrily B. happily C. slowly D. surely
10. A. Welcome B. Surprise C. Morning D. Goodbye
11. A. me B. her C. you D. us
12. A. posted B. ordered C. made D. seen
13. A. expensive B. old C. small D. long
14. A. birthday B. cake C. card D. dream
15. A. rushing B. smiling C. pointing D. waving
(9)
（2017·浙江绍兴）阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
As a new teacher at Doull Primary School in Denver, Kyle Schwartz thought of a simple way to get to know her third graders, most of whom came from 1 families. She asked them to complete the 2 “I wish my teacher knew…" and share something about themselves.Their 3 answers gave the teacher a chance to understand her students' difficulties. "I wish my teacher knew I have no pencils to do my homework," 4 one child. "I wish my teacher knew sometimes my reading homework is not signed（签名）, because my mom is not 5 a lot,” wrote another. Some shared hope for the 6 " I wish my teacher knew that I want to go to college."
"Some notes are really heartbreaking," Schwartz tells ABC News. "I care 7 about each of my students and I don't want them to be poor forever." She explains, " I hoped to know 8 I could better support them. So I 9 to let them tell me what I needed to know. That was why I created the fill-in-the-blank exercise." 10 the third graders were allowed to answer anonymously（匿名）, most wanted to include names. And some were even excited to read their notes out loud. 11 one shy girl who bravely said that she was lonely. "After she told the class, "I don't have friends to 12 me, I was worried what they would do." Schwartz tells Us Weekly. "However, I felt encouraged to see how much support the other kids offered 13 . They invited her to play at break and sit with them at lunch. You see 14 have an unusual ability to express empathy（同情）."
"The results have been 15 ," says Schwartz. "It speaks to the importance of giving people a voice and really listening to them." 21世纪教育网版权所有
1. A. traditional B. friendly C. poor D. small
2. A. postcard B. note C. letter D. diary
3. A. honest B. polite C. usual D. right
4. A. suggested B. copied C. repeated D. wrote
5. A. free B. careless C. famous D. angry
6. A. society B. course C. research D. future
7. A. secretly B. deeply C. nervously D. directly
8. A. where B. why C. how D. when
9. A. decided B. refused C. forgot D. learned
10. A. Unless B. Though C. Because D. Once
11. A. like B. from C. against D. except
12. A. look for B. talk about C. depend on D. play with
13. A. him B. you C. her D. me
14. A. children B. teachers C. parents D. reporters
15. A. boring B. surprising C. worrying D. relaxing
(10)
（2017·杭州）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出一个最佳选项。
This story tells of two sporting heroes who made an impossible dream come true. Bob Champion was a young jockey (骑师) with a bright 1 . Then, one day, he fell off his horse. He went to the doctor 2 his injuries(伤) and was surprised when he 3 that he had cancer. The medical treatment lasted many months and made him very 4 .At times, he nearly died. As the same time, there was a successful 5 called Aldaniti. Unluckily, during one race, the horse got a serious injury. The horse's owners 6 to put the horse down though the doctor advised the horse's trainer to do so. They 7 Aldaniti for a whole year and the horse's injuries got better. By this time, Bob Champion was out of 8 . Slowly, he got back his strength. Eight months later, he 9 to his job as a jockey. A month after that, he rode the winning horse in a race. Soon afterwards, Aldaniti 10 returned to training.
Early the next year, 11 Bob Champion and Aldaniti were almost back to full fitness. Now, there was a new plan. Bob decided to 12 Aldaniti in the Grand National, one of the UK's most famous horse races. People watching the race knew all about the 13 fights against ill health and injury. Every one of them wanted the fairy tale to have a 14 ending. And it was perfect. Aldaniti and Bob Champion were real sporting 15 .
1. A. future B. idea C. smile D. voice
2. A. instead of B. except for C. because of D. away from
3. A. suggested B. discovered C. expected D. remember
4. A. sad B. scared C. poor D. weak
5. A. doctor B. horse C. owner D. trainer
6. A. refused B. prepared C. regretted D. forgot
7. A. waited for B. looked after C. called in D. paid for
8. A. work B. school C. sight D. hospital
9. A. stuck B. belonged C. returned D. moved
10. A. also B. still C. even D. again
11. A. either B. both C. all D. each
12. A. stop B. walk C. ride D. feed
13. A. one's B. pair's C. group's D. family's
14. A. sad B. funny C. happy D. similar
15. A. heroes B. players C. results D. events
六、完形填空的做题误区
很多学生说，他们做完形填空时，往往采用“翻译法和代入法”，即做题时翻译文章内容，感觉哪个合适选哪个，看看划横线处有没有一些固定搭配，然后作选择或者填空。其实这样做是很危险的：① 在实际考试中，翻译很容易受母语影响，进行错误选择;② 并不是所谓固定搭配一定是正确选项，完形填空是考查单词在语境中的运用。如果这个搭配或短语是不符合语篇、段落逻辑的，即便是固定说法，也是不合适的，在阅卷的时候这样的答案一定是错误的。纵观这几年中考真题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \t "http: / / zhongkao.koolearn.com / 20180124 / _blank" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )、一模、二模试卷，以及一些学校的月考、期中、期末试卷发现，完形填空重点考查单词，短语在句子、段落、篇章中的含义，而并非单词本身的“认知”含义。这就为什么一些同学其实单词量并不缺乏，但完形却得分率不高的原因。
2专题二 完形填空题解题技巧
完形填空在浙江省各地市中考试题中的题材广泛，所涉及的知识面广、综合性强，更加注重考查语篇的整体理解，根据上下文情景选择的题目较多。所以同学们必须要具备一定的快速阅读能力，在理解整篇文章故事情节、篇章结构的基础上，依据上下文提供的信息，运用所学的词汇、句型和有关语法知识，推断出正确合理的答案。设空以实词为主、虚词为辅，单词为主、短语为辅。动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词等实词通常要占全部小题数的绝大部分。而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考查较少。
一、完形填空的命题形式
“完形填空”有多种形式，但它在基本设计原则上都是一致的。形式都是从短文中抽去若干词，让考生根据上下文填入适当的词，为了有助于考生填入适当的词，可以提供四个答案（其中包括一个正确答案），让考生选出正确的答案；也可以给出单词首字母完形填空，或者给出字母及单词长度（由几个字母组成）；也可以不给考生提供任何线索，完全凭借考生对文章的理解和现有的语言能力完成。最常见的还是选择型的“完形填空”。 “抽词法”可以是有针对性地抽，也可以是随机地抽。但目前比较流行的是对文章理解能力的考查，而不是单纯对语法结构的考查。“完形填空”要求考生不仅要会运用自己学过的词汇和语法知识妥善地处理好每个单句，理解语义，还要处理好单句之间以及单句与全文之间的内在关系，选出适当的词填上，使文章完整与通顺。 完形填空题要求填入的词主要有：构成各种时态和用法区别的动词及短语动词；名词和介词；根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的形容词、副词、代词和连词；同义词、近义词等易混词。考查以实词为主，兼顾虚词和语法结构。难点主要集中在根据上下文作正确判断的词的用法上。
二、完形填空的测试目标
完形填空主要测试学生在具体语言环境中对文章的篇章结构、中心思想、推理判断、词语辨析、习惯用法、固定搭配等方面的能力要求，及对所学英语的综合运用能力、快速阅读理解能力及逻辑推理判断能力等。“完形填空”旨在测试考生的综合应用语言能力。因此，要做好“完形填空”，不仅要具备一定的词法、句法和惯用法等语法知识，而且还要具备阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和运用语言知识的实践能力。常考的完形填空通常是将一篇逻辑性较强的短文，留出若干个空，然后采用"四选一"的方法，将短文补充完整。它属于客观题型。分析近五年中考试题的完形填空题除保留传统题型的优点外，还采用了选词填空(有多余选项)或根据上下文补全对话(或短文)等主观题型。但事实证明，完形填空通常是同学们较难把握的题型之一，且失分率较高。限于篇幅，本文着重谈谈客观题型的解法。
一、完形填空解题步骤：
　　1、 快速诵读全文，领会大意
　　完形填空题所给的是一篇意思完整的短文，所选的答 案处在整段或整篇文章之中。所以在做题前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是绝不可省的一步。每篇短文总有一定的主题思想，段落之间必然承上启下，前呼后应，句与句之间 也一定紧密相连，形成一个整体。因此通读全文是要一气呵成，不要中断思路，只要能了解短文的大意就可。某些细节不理解可以跳过。如果不影响答题，可以置之不理。如果与答题有关，可到第二步填空时再琢磨解决。另外，在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头和结尾，因为它们能提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心议题。
　　2、抓住结构、语意及逻辑三条线索，分析对比备选答案
　　在通读全文的基础上，根据句子结构是否正确、语意是否通顺、逻辑是否合理对各备选答案应进行对比分析。分析时具体应注意以下几点：
　　(1) 当遇到一个需要填的词时，首先要考虑这个词在句子中的成分是什么 词性是什么
　　(2) 如果需要填的是名词，就要考虑名词的单复数和所有格形式。
　　(3) 如果需要填的是形容词或副词，就应考虑是用原级或是比较级，还是最高级。
　　(4) 如果需要填的是动词，则要考虑动词的时态，语态，人称变化，语气以及非谓语动词(不定式和动词-ing形式)的一般式，被动式和完成式等。
　　(5) 如果需要填空的是介词，则要注意固定搭配的用法。
　　(6) 如果需要填的是冠词，则要注意是用不定冠词还是用定冠词。
　　(7) 另外要注意一些固定句型的完整。
　　(8) 所选答案应该和上下文和结构上 都吻合
　　(9) 局部服从整体，应 从短文的整体内容出发，
　　3、复查核对，决定取舍
　　通读全文，检查还原了的原文是否完整、合理。其方法是:把短文连同所选答案细读一遍，凡读起来别扭或答案无确切把握的地方分别记下来，然后将每个空 白处与其相对应的四个答案逐一对照，务求一一过关，避免遗漏。若发现原所选答案与复查时所选答案不同，不要急于涂改，待认真斟酌核实后，再决定取舍。 另外，在平时的练习中，对每一篇完形填空均可重复作上几遍，通过反复的练习，不但可以牢固地掌握所学基础知识，而且能够提高完形填空的应试能力。
二、完形填空主要解题方法：
解题技巧一：主谓一致判断法
在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，启动此必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。我们在做完形填空题时，会经常遇到要靠主谓一致判断法来确定选项的情况。寻找其规律，大致可分为三个原则：即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近原则。
【例题展示】
A short time ago , a test＿＿＿given in the United States. ……The results showed that if a person＿＿＿a right breakfast, he or she will work better than he or she who has no breakfast ……
1. A.is B.are C.was D.were
2. A.eat B.eats C.eating D.ate
解题技巧二：固定句式判断法
固定句式，就是英语中一些常见的固定句型，像：there be举行；not……until句型；It takes/took sb. +金钱/时间+to do sth.句型；It’s +形容词+（for sb.）to do sth,句型；too……to句型等。记住并灵活运用这些固定句式，在做完型填空时是很有用的，可以轻松快速帮助我们排除一些干扰因素，更快、更准的选择答案。
【例题展示】
Everyone needs friends.We all like to feel closer to someone. ＿＿＿is nice to have a friend to talk,laugh and do things with……
1.A.It B.He C.There D.Someone
解题技巧三：上下文暗示法
上下文暗示法分为上文语境暗示法和下文语境暗示两种。在做完型填空是，我们会经常遇到此类题目，若无上下文的提示，我们根本无法做出正确的选择；但是我们可以根据上下文的一些提示性的引导词判断上下文和空格部分的关系，从而做出正确的选择。
【例题展示】
Mark Twain,a famous American writer,was onec traveling in France.He went by train to Dijon. He was very tired and wanted to＿＿＿.He asked the conductor to wake him up when the train got to Dijon.But first he said he was a heavy sleeper……
1.A.read B.write C.drink D.sleep
解题技巧四：逻辑推理法
逻辑推理法也叫语境推测法，是我们在做完形填空题时使用的十分重要的方法之一。完型填空是一篇有完整内容的文章，各行各段之间有着逻辑上的必然联系。在所提供的选项中，有的从语法角度是正确的，从语义上考虑就会自相矛盾，出现不合逻辑的现象。这时应从文章和句子入手，对语法无误的几个选项通过分析对比，选出最符合上下文内在联系的答案。
【例题展示】
When you wave a friend you are using sign（手势）languages.When you smile at someone,you mean to be＿＿＿.When you put one finger in front of your＿＿＿,you mean”Be quiet.”
Yet,people in different countries may use different sign languages.Once an English-man was Italy.He could speak a little Italian. One day while he was walking in the street,he felt＿＿＿and went into a restaurant……
1.A.well B.friendly C.fine D.careful
2.A.eyes B.legs C.mouth D.head
3.A.hungry B.tired C.cold D.ill
解题技巧五：词义辨析法
词义辨析法考查的面广，该内容也是英语学习中的一个难点；在完型填空中出现这一类题目，如果要求做到准确选择，必须在一定的语境或句子中理解，这种考查方式和辨析也是目前完形填空题在中考中考查的一个重点和趋势，所以这一方法是我们必须要掌握的。词义辨析法包括各种词性的考查，如名词、介词、代词、动词、形容词等。
【例题展示】
In England,people don’t like＿＿＿very much.You can go on a bus, ＿＿＿on a train,and people just sit looking＿＿＿the windows.Often they read.They read books and newspapers.But they don’t talk……
1.A.laughing B.going out C.talking D.playing
2.A.or B.and C.either D.but
3.A.from B.through C.at D.out of
解题技巧六：固定搭配法
固定句型和短语搭配不仅是学习的难点，也是完型填空测试的重点。固定搭配形式较多，有名词短语搭配、动词短语搭配、介词短语搭配等，这些固定搭配都是语言在长期的发展和演变过程中形成的，是语言的精华，我们只有在平时学习中认真积累，做题时才能得心应手。做这类题时，不需要特别的分析，就能锁定正确的答案。
【例题展示】
From Monday to Friday most people are busy working or studying,but in the evening and weekends they are free and ＿＿＿themselves.Some watch TV or go to the movies;others take part ＿＿＿sports.This is decided by their own interests ……
1.A.love B.work C.enjoy D.play
2.A.at B.with C.on D.in
五、学以致用
(1)
（2015·杭州）完型填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。
Marcos was a hard working farmer. Every day he asked his only son to 1 him in the fields, but Paolo seldom got out of bed before noon. Marcos was very 2 about his only son. One evening Marcos' old friend Luigi 3 “ Marcos, why aren't your fields ready for planting ”Marcos explained that he was old and his back hurt. He said that Paolo was 4 and did not help him with the farming. "Marcos, you need to use your 5 as much as your back. I have an idea for you.”Luigi said. Early the next morning Marcos rushed into Paolo's room. "I found your grandfather's map!”he cried. "We may find 6 he buried（埋）his gold coins!”Paolo jumped out of bed. “I'll start over here.”Paolo told his father. Paolo 7 in the field all day. While Paolo dug, his father 8 along, dropping something from his bag into the ground. When they went in for dinner that night, a very tired Paolo said, “I think Grandfather was old when he made his map. I don't think I'll dig tomorrow.”Paolo 9 to his lazy way and slept all morning. One day Marcos rushed into Paolo's room and cried, "Paolo! I found the treasure in the fields!” Paolo 10 went out to look. He said, "There is 11 here but lines and lines of vegetables.” Marcos smiled. "Paola, it is all around you. You have enough food to make it 12 the winter, with plenty more to sell!”Paolo was embarrassed（尴尬的）to see that his father was 13 . His one day of hard work had provided his with real treasure. He learned an important 14 He could make a good living with a little hard work. He became a good 15 and made his father proud.
1. A. feed B. help C. save D. watch
2. A. sad B. happy C. proud D. bored
3. A. stood up B. moved in C. started out D. stopped by
4. A. busy B. excited C. lazy D. free
5. A. hands B. feet C. brain D. face
6. A. how B. where C. when D. why
7. A. dug B. planted C. played D. arrived
8. A. got B. ate C. sang D. followed
9. A. listened B. returned C. talked D. led
10. A. quietly B. suddenly C. sleepily D. easily
11. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing
12. A. through B. without C. since D. before
13. A. sure B. right C. rich D. kind
14. A. plan B. meeting C. lesson D. opinion
15. A. student B. actor C. friend D. farmer
【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）D；（4）C；（5）C；（6）B；（7）A；（8）D；（9）B；（10）B；（11）D；（12）A；（13）B；（14）C；（15）D； 21教育网
【解析】短文大意：本文讲述了一个勤劳的农民的儿子很懒，从不帮他干农活。有一次他听从朋友的建议，用计策让他的儿子下地干活，也让儿子享受到收获的愉快。在这件事中，儿子很受启发。从此后变成了一个好农民，成为父亲的骄傲。
1.B考查动词及语境的理解。句意：每天他要求他唯一的儿子在田里帮助他。A. feed喂养；供给，抚养；B. help帮助；C. save 节省，挽救；D. watch 观察，观看，看守。由句意可知，马科斯是一个很努力工作的农民。所以他应该是要求他的儿子去田里帮他。故选B。
2.A 考查形容词及语境的理解.句意:马科斯对他这个唯一的儿子感到非常的伤心。.sad伤心;happy开心，幸福， proud骄傲， bored厌烦.上句说道，马科斯的儿子保罗很少在中午前起床，不会勤奋的帮他.所以可以看出，马科斯对这个儿子比较失望.所以选A。
3.D考 查动词词组及语境的理解口句意:一天晚上，马科斯的老朋友路易吉顺便来访A. stood up站起来，经久耐用B. moved in搬进来C. started out开始，从开始D. stopped by顺便来访。由文意可以推测马科斯的朋友应该是顺道来拜访。故选D。
4.C考 查形容词及语境的理解。句意：他说保罗很懒，不帮助他干农活。A. busy忙碌的；B. excited兴奋的，激动的；C. lazy懒惰的；D. free 免费的，自由的，不受约束的。由前文可以看出保罗每天睡到中午才起床，所以这里马科斯应该是在向朋友说儿子很懒，所以地才没有种。故选C。
5.C考查名词及语境的理解。句意： “马科斯，你应该像用你的背那样来用你的大脑，我有一个主意。”路易吉说。A. hands 手；B. feet脚；C. brain 大脑；D. face 脸。由下文可知，路易吉给马科斯出了一个主意，所以，路易吉表达的意思是他应该多用脑想办法，而不是只一味的干活。故选C。
6.B考查连词及语境的理解。句意：“我找到 你爷爷的地图了”他叫到，“我们也许能找到他埋金币的地方。”A. how如何；B. where 哪里，在……的地方；C. when 在……时间；D. why为什么，……的原因；该句是一个宾语从句，由上句话可知，马科斯对保罗说找到他爷爷的地图，所以这里只能表示埋藏金币的地点，故选B。
7.A考查动词及语境的理解。句意：保罗一整天都在地里翻土。A. dug挖，翻土；B. planted种植；C. played 玩耍，演奏；D. arrived抵达。由文意可知，保罗以为真的有金币，所以应该是在地里挖掘，想找到金币。故选A。
8.D考查动词及语境的理解。句意：当保罗翻 土的时候，他的爸爸跟在后面，从他的袋子里洒下什么东西。A. got是get的过去式，得到；B. ate，eat的过去式，吃；C. sang，sing的过去式，唱歌；D. followed，follow的过去式，跟从。由文意可知，爸爸应该是在保罗翻土后接着在后面播种，所以选D。
9.B考查动词及语境的理解。 句意：保罗恢复他的懒惰习惯，睡了整个上午。A. listened，listen的过去式听，遵从；B. returned，return的过去式，返回；C. talked，talk的过去式，交谈；D. led 领导，指引。由文意可知，保罗又回到从前的懒惰状态。所以用 return。故选B。
10B考查副词及语境的理解。句意：保罗马上出去去 看。A. quietly安静地；B. suddenly突然地；C. sleepily困倦地，疲倦地，懒散地；D. easily容易地，无疑地。由上文保罗听到有金币之后积极地翻地可知，保罗对于财宝非常热衷。所以听到父亲说发现了财宝，应该马上就去看。故选B。
11.D考查不定代词及语境的理解。句意：这里除了一行行的蔬菜，什么都没有。A. everything每件东西；B. something 某事，某物；C. anything任何事；D. nothing无事，无物。nothing but固定搭配。意为除了……什么都没有。故选D。
12A考查介词及语境的理解。句意：保罗，他就在你的周围，你有足够的食物来过冬，足够可以用来卖的。A. through 度过，通过；B. without没有，超过，在……之外；C. since 因为，由于。自……以后；D. before在……之前，先于。过冬用介词through。故选A。
13.B考查形容词及语境的理解口句意:保罗尴尬地领会到父亲是对的口A.sure确信的，可靠的，必定的;B.right正确的，直接的;rich富有的;kind蔼的，宽容的，令人感激的。由文意可知，保罗现在明白父亲的做法的深意，知道父亲是正确的，故选B。
14C 考查名词及语境的理解。句意：他学到重要的一课，他可以用一点点的辛苦劳动来换取安乐的生活。A. plan计划；B. meeting会议，集会，集合点；C. lesson教训，课；D. opinion选择。由文意可知通过这件事保罗学到了道理，所以父亲给他上了一课，故选C。
15.D考查名词及语境的理解。句意：他成为一个好农民，成为父亲的骄傲。A. student学生；B. actor 演员；C. friend朋友；D. farmer农民。由上文可知，保罗的父亲是农民而且也教他的儿子怎样做一个合格的农民，保罗尝到了劳动带来的收获，所以他会成为一个很好的农民。故选D。21*cnjy*com
(2)
（2016 丽水）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Jane had two children to raise. She had to pay for the housing and 1 clothes. She had a lot of bills. She worked in a 2 every day and got $600 a week. Even when she was 3 , she went to work.Jane worked hard and did a great job. She depended on tips (小费) to help her get enough money to pay the bills. One night, after Jane had served dinner to a family, 4 left a big tip on the table. It was 5 . Jane was taking care of another family at their table. When she turned back, she found the money had been 6 . Jane saw a woman at another table staring at her when she 7 the restaurant. Jane went to ask her what food she wanted. She 8 just as and wich. She did not leave a tip after eating and Jane heard that she paid with a $20 bill. Jane was sure the woman had stolen her 9 , but she couldn't prove (证明) it. The next night, the 10 woman came into the restaurant. She gave Jane $50. She said, “I was so sorry I took your money last 11 . I had a bad day. Someone stole my wallet. So I was angry. So I took your money. 12 that was not right. People should 13good things. Not bad things. So I want you to take the money.”“I'll take the $20 but you keep the 14 . I know you need it,” said Jane.“You should have called the police,” the manager said to Jane.Jane said, “No. We should forgive (原谅) when someone says 15 and wants to make it right. We should try to help each other.”
1. A. buy B. design C. make D. wash
2. A. bookstore B. hospital C. restaurant D. school
3. A. angry B. afraid C. happy D. tired
4. A. he B. she C. we D. they
5. A. $20 B. $30 C. $40 D. $50
6. A. handed in B. taken away C. given back D. thrown out
7. A. looked at B. looked around C. looked after D. looked for
8. A. ordered B. made C. sold D. served
9. A. book B. money C. dinner D. wallet
10. A. old B. beautiful C. same D. strange
11. A. night B. week C. month D. year
12. A. And B. But C. So D. Or
13. A. accept B. borrow C. cook D. share
14. A. money B. promises C. rest D. words
15. A. hello B. thanks C. goodbye D. sorry
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）D；（4）D；（5）A；（6）B；（7）B；（8）A；（9）B；（10）C；（11）A；（12）B；（13）D；（14）C；（15）D；
【解析】这篇短文是通过Jane在餐馆里发生的一个故事来告诉人们人与人之间要学会宽容和谅解，应该互相帮助。
（1）A考查动词与语境理解。A. buy 买；B. design设计；C. make制作；D. wash洗。句意：她不得不为房子和买衣服付钱。根据句意及题干分析她有两个女儿，在房租和买衣服方面花销很大。故选A。
（2）C考查名词与语境理解。A.bookstore书店；B. hospital 医院；C. restaurant 餐馆；D.school学校。句意：她每天在一家餐馆工作并且一周能挣600美元。根据下文One night, after Jane had served dinner to a family, left a big tip on the table.可知她是在一家餐馆工作。故选C。
（3）D考查形容词与语境理解。A.angry 升起; B. afraid 害怕； C. happy 高兴；D.tired 疲劳。句意：即使她很累的时候也去工作。根据句意及语境可知她有很多的账单要付，所以她努力工作，即使很累也去工作。故选D.
（4）D考查代词与语境理解。 A. he 他；B. she她；C. we我们；D. they他们。句意：一天晚上在Jane为一家人吃饭服务完之后，他们在桌子上留下了一大笔小费。根据句意及题干分析此空指代上文这一家人，所以用they，故选D。
（5）A 考查数词与语境理解。A. $20， 20美元；B.$3030美元；C. $40， 40美元；D.$5050美元。句意：是20美元。根据下文 She did not leave a tip after eating and Jane heard that she paid with a $20 bill.可知小费是20美元，故选A。
（6）B考查动词词组与语境理解。A.handed in上交；B. taken away带走，拿走；C.given back 归还；D. thrown out扔出去。句意：当她回来时发现钱已经被拿走了。根据句意及语境是钱被别人拿走了，故选B。
（7）B 考查动词词组与语境理解。A.looked at看；B. looked around向周围看；C.looked after照顾；D. looked for寻找。句意：当Jane向参观周围看的时候她看到另一个桌子上一个女人在盯着她。根据句意及语境是Jane向餐馆周围看，故选B。
（8）A考查动词与语境理解。A.Ordered订，点菜；B. Made制作； C. Sold卖；D.Served服务。句意：她只点了一个三明治。根据句意及语境此空是点菜的意思，故选A。
（9）B考查名词与语境理解。A. Book书；B.Money钱；C. Dinner饭；D. Wallet钱包。句意：Jane确信这个女人偷了她的钱，但她无法证明。根据句意及语境此题应选B。
（10）C考查形容词与语境理解。A. Old老的；B. Beautiful美丽的； C. Same同样的； D. Strange奇怪的。句意：第二天晚上同一个女人走进了餐馆。根据语境可知是还是那个女人走进了餐馆，故选C。
（11）A考查名词与语境理解。A.Night晚上；B. Week周； C. Month月；D. Year年。句意：对不起，我昨晚拿了你的钱。根据语境可知是昨天晚上的事情，所以选A。
（12）B 考查连词与语境理解题。A. and 和；B. but 但是；C. so 因此；D. or 或者。句意：但那是不对的。根据语境此空表示转折，故选B。
（13）D考查动词与语境理解。A.accept接受；B. borrow借；C. cook 做饭； D. share分享。句意：人们应该分享好的事情，不是坏的事情。根据句意及语境此题应选D。
（14）C考查动词与语境理解。A.money 钱；B. promises 诺言；C. rest 休息，剩余的；D.words 话。句意：我会拿20美元，你留下其余的，我知道你需要。根据句意及语境此题应选D。
（15）D考查名词与语境理解。A.hello 问好；B. thanks 感谢；C. goodbye 再见；D.sorry 对不起。句意：当别人说对不起并且改正的时候我们应该原谅。根据句意及语境此题应选D。
(3)
（2016 杭州）完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。Bo, a golden retriever, won this year's Dog Hero Award from the Ken L Ration dog food company. Bo acted 1 last June. Bo and his owners, Rob and Laurie Roberts, were going down the Colorado River in a 16-foot boat. The June 2 was Bo's first time in a boat.Laurie Roberts said, “Things were fine 3 a 6-foot wave broke in front of us and filled the boat with water. Another big wave caught us from the back and turned the 4 over.” Rob was thrown clear, but Laurie and Bo were unable to move out 5 the boat. “Every time I tried to 6 , my head hit the boat,” Laurie said. “I hit the bottom of the river several times. I 7 I was drowning(溺水).”Rob picked up the story, “I reached the land and 8 Laurie,” he said. “I saw Bo swim out from under the overturned boat. Then he 9 and dived(下潜). Soon he came back up, pulling Laurie by the hair.” Laurie, who was 10 and breathless, tried to catch Bo. But the dog stayed out of reach as is knowing 11 of them would drown if Laurie pulled him under. 12 Laurie caught Bo's tail. He 13 her 30 yards to the land. Laurie was cut and bleeding, but she was 14 .“If it hadn't been for Bo, 15 wouldn't be here.” Laurie told everyone at the Dog Hero awards dinner.
1. A. bravely B. strangely C. quietly D. politely
2. A. meeting B. match C. trip D. prize
3. A. since B. though C. unless D. until
4. A. dog B. wave C. boat D. foot
5. A. in B. behind C. under D. above
6. A. get out B. get down C. get off D. get along
7. A. promised B. suggested C. described D. realized
8. A. looked after B. looked for C. looked at D. looked into
9. A. went ahead B. turn around C. jumped out D. stood up
10. A. sad B. sorry C. afraid D. angry
11. A. both B. all C. neither D. one
12. A. Already B. Often C. Besides D. Finally
13. A. followed B. pulled C. led D. pushed
14. A. busy B. calm C. safe D. hurt
15. A. I B. she C. you D. it
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）D；（4）C；（5）C；（6）A；（7）D；（8）B；（9）B；（10）C；（11）A；（12）D；（13）B；（14）C；（15）A； 2·1·c·n·j·y
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一条金毛猎犬和它的主人Rob and Laurie Roberts划着船在 Colorado河上游玩时发生的事故，狗勇敢地救了他的主人，并且获得了今年肯·L狗食品配给公司颁发的狗狗英雄奖。
（1）.考查副词。“上个六月Bo表现得很……”，根据第一句"Bo, a golden retriever, won this year's Dog Hero Award from the Ken L Ration dog food company."Bo,一只金毛猎犬，获得了今年肯·L狗食品配给公司颁发的狗狗英雄奖，可知上个月Bo表现得很勇敢。bravely勇敢地，strangely奇怪地，quietly安静地，politely有礼貌地，故选A。
（2）考查名词。“这个六月……是Bo第一次在船上的……”，由题意知这是Bo第一次在船上的旅行,meeting会议，match比赛，trip旅行，prize奖品，故选C。
（3）.考查连接词。“事情一直都很好……在我们前面的一个6英尺的海浪爆发了并且使得我们的船充满的水”，由句意知此处应填连词，并且使得前后语句动词所产生的影响不同，since既然、因为，though尽管，unless除非、如果不，until直到...为止，填入until语句较通顺，故选D。
（4）.考查推理判断。由"Things were fine a 6-foot wave broke in front of us and filled the boat with water."知海浪使得我们是船充满了水，故"Another big wave caught us from the back and turned the……over"另外一个海浪再次袭击我们时会把小船推翻，故填C。
（5）.考查推理判断。小船推翻后，人肯定是在船的小面，故填under,选C。
（6）.考查短语。“每一次我想……的时候，我的头总会撞到船。”get out出去，get down下来、使沮丧， get off动身、从...下来，get along使前进、与...和睦相处。由短语意思可知每次我想出去、逃离危险的时候，头总会撞到船。故选A。
（7）.考查动词。“我沉到河底有几次了。我就……我有可能是溺水了。” promised许诺， suggested建议， described描述， realized意识到，由句意知识我意识到我有可能是溺水了，故选D。
（8）.考查短语。“我到达了岸边并且……Laurie。”由句意知Rob到达岸边后开始寻找Laurie，looked after照顾，looked for寻找， looked at看， looked into观察、窥视，故选C。
（9）.考查短语。“我发现Bo从还没翻过来的船下游出来。然后它……并且下落。” went ahead前进、进行，turn around转向反方向，jumped out 跳出， stood up站起来，由句意知Bo油出来后又转了个方向继续寻找，故填B。
（10）.考查形容词与语境分析。“ Laurie尝试着去抓住Bo,她是……和无法呼吸的。”由前后句意知Laurie翻到船底是害怕的无法呼吸的。sad伤心的，sorry感到对不起的，afraid害怕的， angry生气的，故选C。
（11）.考查代词。“但是当小狗意识到如果Laurie 不把它推下去的话……他们都会淹死时，他才结束 一直保持的距离。”both两者，all全部的，neither两者都不，one一个人，由句意知应选两者都会淹死，故选A。
（12）.考查关联词。“……Laurie抓住了Bo的尾巴。”Already已经， Often经常， Besides此外、而且，Finally最终，由句意知最终Laurie抓住了Bo的尾巴。故选D。
（13）.考查动词。“他把她……到地上30码的距离。”followed跟随着， pulled拉， led领导、引领，pushed推，由句意知是他把她拉到地上30码的距离。故选B。
（14）.考查形容词。“Laurie受伤了并且在流血，但她是……”，由句意知虽然Laurie受伤了，但相对于沉在水里她是安全的。busy忙碌的， calm冷静的， safe安全的， hurt受伤的，故选C。
（15）.考查代词。“如果没有Bo,……是不会站在这的。”在狗狗英雄奖聚餐上Laurie告诉每个人。由句意知此处应填“我”，故选A。21·世纪*教育网
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（2016 宁波）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Think before we speak!
It was a sunny and enjoyable day. Everyone in the 1 station was waiting for the train to arrive. Among the crowd, there was a group of young friends who were on board for vacation. It was a 2 station with a lot of people and some juice shops, coffee and tea stalls, newspaper shops, etc. The train was arriving and everyone prepared to 3 the train to their seats.
The group of friends made loud noise to 4 the train as it moved into the station. They ran to get their seats 5 anyone entered the train. The empty seats were 6 and the train whished (鸣汽笛) to move. An old man with a young boy aged around 15 had their seats just next to the friends' group. The young boy was so 7 to see everything. He cheered, "Dad, the train is moving and the things are moving backward."
His father 8 and nodded his head. As the train started moving fast, the young boy again screamed (尖叫) , "Dad, the 9 are green in color and run backward very fast. "His father said, “Yes, dear," and smiled
Just like a kid, he was watching everything with great 10 .A fruit seller passed selling apples, bananas and oranges. The young boy asked his dad, "I want to eat 11 " His father bought some for him. He said, "Oh, this apple looks a lot sweeter than it tastes. I love this color. "The group was watching all the 12 of this boy and asked the boy's father, "Is your son having any problem Why is he behaving so 13 ""His son is mad, I think," a friend from the group made fun of him and shouted. The father of the young boy, with patience, 14 the friends' group, “My son was born 15 . Only a few days ago he was operated. He is seeing different things in his life for the first time. "The young friends became very quiet.
1. A. railway B. bus C. police D. television
2. A. dark B. silent C. busy D. lonely
3. A. get off B. get down C. get out D. get into
4. A. break B. welcome C. push D. leave
5. A. after B. until C. before D. as
6. A. washed B. moved C. filled D. carried
7. A. surprised B. afraid C. sorry D. proud
8. A. shouted B. smiled C. cried D. refused
9. A. skies B. trees C. rivers D. houses
10. A. interest B. doubt C. courage D. sadness
11. A. apples B. bananas C. oranges D. strawberries
12. A. fruits B. words C. clothes D. activities
13. A. happily B. differently C. quietly D. quickly
14. A. quarreled with B. waited for C. replied to D. pointed at
15. A. normal B. deaf C. mad D. blind
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）D；（4）B；（5）C；（6）C；（7）A；（8）B；（9）B；（10）A；（11）A；（12）D；（13）B；（14）C；（15）D； 21·cn·jy·com
【解析】本文介绍今天是一个晴朗而美好的一天，每个人都在车站等待火车的到来，在火车上人们对一个小男孩的行为感到非常的惊讶，后来人们才知道这个小男孩是一个盲人，他的父亲说这是他一生中第一次看到不同的事物，当那些人们听到这的时候，都安静了下来。
（1）A． 考查名词的用法．根据Everyone in the--station was waiting for the train to arrive，可知，在这里 train 指的是火车，相对应的这里应该是在火车站上，火车站的英语说法是railway station．故选A．
（2）C．考查形容词的用法．根据It was a-- station with a lot of people and some juice shops，coffee and tea stalls，newspaper shops，etc． 可知这里a lot of people 指的是人非常多，所以说这是一个繁忙的车站．busy繁忙的．故选C．
（3）D考查动词短语及语境的理解。A. get off下车；B. get down下来；C. get out出去；D. get into进入。句意：火车就要到了，每个人准备上火车找他们的座位。根据题意，故选D。
（4）B考查动词及语境的理解。A. break打破；B. Welcome欢迎；C. Push推；D. leave离开。句意：一群朋友大声地制造响声欢迎火车的到来，当火车到达车站的时候。根据题意，故选B。
（5）C考查连词及语境的理解。A. after在……之后；B. Until直到；C. Before在……之前；D.as当……时候。句意：在任何人进到火车里面之前，他们跑着去找他们自己的座位。这里表示在……之前。根据题意，意思他们是第一批上火车的人。故选C。
（6）C考查动词及语境的理解。A. washed洗；B. moved移动；C. filled填满，装满；D. carried搬，抬。句意：空的座位满了，火车鸣笛移动了。Be filled表示装满，填满。根据题意，故选C。
（7）A考查形容词及语境的理解。A. surprised吃惊的；B. afraid害怕的；C. sorry对不起的；D. proud骄傲的。句意：这个年亲的小男孩看到每个人是如此的吃惊。这里表示吃惊的意思。根据题意，故选A。
（8）B考查动词及语境的理解。A. shouted大喊；B. smiled微笑；C. cried哭泣；D. refused决绝。句意：他的父亲微笑着点头。这里指他的父亲微笑的意思。根据题意，故选B。
（9）B考查名词及语境的理解。A. skies天空；B. trees树；C. rivers河流；D. houses房子。句意：这些树是绿颜色的，车开动后向后跑得很快。根据题意，故选B。
（10）A考查名词及语境的理解。A. interest爱好；B. doubt怀疑；C. courage勇气；D. sadness悲伤。句意：仅仅像一个孩子，他看一切都非常得感兴趣。这里是带着兴趣。根据题意，故选A。
（11）A考查名词及语境的理解。A. apples苹果；B. bananas香蕉；C. oranges橘子；D. strawberries草莓。句意：这个小男孩问他的父亲：“我想吃苹果”。这里是吃苹果。根据题意，故选A。
（12）D．考查名词的用法．根据The group was watching all the--of this boy，可知在这里应该是这群人看着这个小男孩的一举一动感到很不可思议．activities活动．故选D．
（13）B．考查副词的用法．根据Is your son having any problem，可知这群人认为这个小男孩有什么问题，因为他的一举一动与众不同．differently 不同地．故选B．
（14）D．考查动词短语的用法．根据The father of the young boy，with patience，-- the friends’ group，在这里with patience的意思是有耐心的，而且后面有他说的话，所以应该是回答这群人的问 题．replied to回答．故C．
（15）D考查形容词及语境的理解。A. normal正常的；B. deaf聋的C. mad发疯的；D. blind瞎的。句意：我的儿子一出生就是瞎的。这里是指这个孩子一出生就是瞎的。根据题意，故选D。
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（2016 嘉兴）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Brittany Amano wants to make sure every child in the US has enough to eat. Brittany Amano, now 18, knew how it felt to go hungry. Her mother tried to find a 1 in Honolulu, Hawaii to support the family. Her grandmother helped out as much as she could. But the family 2 had to depend on a local food bank to live on, and for that she was 3 .When they lost their home, Amano's family had to live in a friend's basement （地下室）. “I could feel how hunger and homelessness 4 my family.” Amano told a reporter from TFK. “The experience made me want to give 5 to others in the same situation.” In fourth grade, she and some of her friends started a good project. They 6 $ 700 and collected 800 pounds of food. 7 twelve, Amano set up the un profit （非营利的）group Hawaii's Future Isn't Hungry. She hoped to raise $ 10,000 8 she finished high school. She ended up raising more than $ 500,000 in four years.With the 9 collected, the nonprofit group, now called The Future Isn't Hungry, can offer fresh fruits, vegetables, and other 10 foods to school kids on Fridays. This is to make sure that the kids and 11 families have enough food to get them 12 the weekend. So far, the effort has helped more than 750,000 people.In the fall of this year, Amano will 13 Duck University, in North Carolina on a full scholarship. After that, she plans to return to 14 the city that gave her so much. “It doesn't matter if you help one million people 15 just one person,” she says. “The smallest action can make a huge difference.” www-2-1-cnjy-com
1. A. job B. club C. house D. school
2. A. yet B. still C. just D. never
3. A. careful B. helpful C. hopeful D. thankful
4. A. satisfied B. influenced C. developed D. managed
5. A. hope B. choice C. surprise D. pleasure
6. A. paid B. saved C. raised D. borrowed
7. A. By B. At C. Until D. Below
8. A. if B. since C. when D. because
9. A. food B. clothes C. books D. money
10. A. sweet B. healthy C. cheap D. delicious
11. A. his B. her C. their D. our
12. A. into B. across C. along D. through
13. A. enter B. visit C. drop D. leave
14. A. set off B. club C. give back D. come up
15. A. or B. as C. but D. and
【答案】（1）A；（2）B；（3）D；（4）B；（5）A；（6）C；（7）B；（8）C；（9）D；（10）B；（11）C；（12）D；（13）A；（14）C；（15）A； 21世纪教育网版权所有
【解析】短文大意： Brittany Amano从小饥饿的经历让她和朋友们创办一些非盈利的组织机构去帮助那些忍饥挨饿的孩子，她用自己的行动告诉我们帮一百万个人或只帮了一个人都没有关系，一个小小的行动就能产生巨大的不同。
（1）句意：妈妈在夏威夷的火奴鲁鲁找到了一份……来支撑家庭，job意为“工作”，club意为“俱乐部”，house意为“房子”，school意为“学校”，所以选A。
（2）yet意为“还，但是，已经”，still意为“仍然，更，静止地”，just意为“只是，仅仅；刚刚，刚才”，never意为“从未，决不”，妈妈找了份工作，奶奶也尽自己所能地帮忙，但是这个家仍然不得不依靠食物银行为生。所以选B。
（3）careful意为“仔细的”，helpful意为“有益的，愿意帮忙的”，hopeful意为“有希望的， thankful意为“感恩的”，得到天野小姐食物银行的帮助，所以对于它，天野小姐是感恩的。故选D。
（4）satisfy意为“使……满意”，influence意为“影响”，develop意为“发展”，manage意为“管理”。饥饿和无家可归是一种不好的感觉，在这里选“influence影响”显然更好一些。故选B。
（5）hope意为“希望”，choice意为“选择”，surprise意为“惊讶”，pleasure意为“乐事”，联系上下文，天野在生活窘困的时候得到了帮助，心怀感恩的她也想给别人，那些跟她一样处境的人，带来希望，所以选A。
（6）pay意为“支付”，save意为“节约，节省”，raise意为“筹集”，borrow意为“借”。在这里，那些钱和食物是天野和她的同学筹集所得，所以选C。
（7）“at twelve”在某人12岁的时候，at后面跟数字，可表示在某人几岁时。故选B。
（8）if意为“如果”，since意为“从……起”when意为“当……时”，because意为“因为”，当她结束高中的时候，她筹集了100000美元，所以选C。
（9）联系上下文，上文中大篇幅地描写了她所筹到的钱，而后面的食物也是要钱买的，所以这里选“money”。故选D。
（10）sweet意为“甜的”，healthy意为“健康的”，cheap意为“便宜的”，delicious意为“美味的”，上文提到的新鲜的瓜果蔬菜的共同特点是健康的，在列举时，后面的食物应该符合这个共同特点，所以选B。
（11）那些得到帮助的家庭是孩子们的家庭，所以选C。
（12）through the weekend是“持续到周末”的意思，选D。
（13）enter意为“进入”，visit意为“参观”，联系上下文可知，天野结束了她的高中，要去上杜克大学了，所以选A，意为“进入”。
（14）set off意为“出发动身”，get down意为“下来；吞下；使沮丧”，give back意为“归还；回馈；恢复”，come up意为“走进；发生；开始；上升；发芽；被提出”，天野计划回到火奴鲁鲁是为了回馈那个给了她很多的城市，所以选C。
（15）你帮一百万个人或只帮了一个人都没有关系，一个小小的行动就能产生巨大的不同，只有or有选择意义，所以选A，as 是“因为；当……时；依照”的意思。故选A。21*cnjy*com
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（2016 衢州） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，使文章完整、通顺。
Susie Sunbeam was not her real name. It was Susan Brown. But everyone called 1 Sunbeam, because she had such a sweet, smiling face. She 2 took brightness with her wherever she went. Her grandfather first gave her this 3 , and it seemed to fit the little girl so 4 that soon it took the place of her own.Even when Susie was a baby, she laughed and smiled from morning till night. No one ever heard her cry unless she was 5 or hurt. When she had learnt to 6 , she loved to go around the house and get things for her mother. 7 , she helped her as much as she could.She loved 8 . She would sit by her mother’s side for an hour at a time, and ask her many questions. At other times, she would take a new book and read quietly. Susie was always pleasant in her play with other children. She never used a(n) 9 word , but tried to do whatever would make her playmates happy. One day, a(n) 10 little girl with an old torn dress passed by. Susie heard some children teasing and laughing at her. She at once ran out to the gate, and asked the little girl to come 11 . “What are you crying for ” Susie asked. “Because they all 12 at me.” she said. Then Susie took the little girl into the house. She 13 the little girl with kind words, and she gave her one of her own best dresses and a good pair of shoes. This brought real 14 to the poor child, and she thought that Sunbeam was the 15 name for Susan Brown.
1. A. it B. itself C. her D. herself
2. A. sometimes B. seldom C. never D. always
3. A. name B. chance C. dress D. book
4. A. possibly B. clearly C. nicely D. easily
5. A. happy B. sick C. fine D. busy
6. A. walk B. say C. read D. write
7. A. By the way B. In this way C. On the way D. In a way
8. A. study B. nature C. travel D. sport
9. A. kind B. unkind C. usual D. unusual
10. A. honest B. weak C. poor D. rich
11. A. in B. out C. up D. down
12. A. look B. point C. shout D. laugh
13. A. brought up B. gave up C. picked up D. cheered up
14. A. pain B. trouble C. pleasure D. truth
15. A. wrong B. right C. strange D. common
【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）A；（4）C；（5）B；（6）A；（7）B；（8）A；（9）B；（10）C；（11）A；（12）D；（13）D；（14）C；（15）B； 2-1-c-n-j-y
【解析】考查人物传记类短文阅读。本文介绍了一位阳光的女孩：阳光苏西。她从小就从早到晚都是笑或微笑，她总是以自己的方式快乐着，她乐于助人，无论走到哪儿，都会带来阳光。
（1）C 考查代词及语境理解。句意：她的名字是苏珊布朗。但是大家叫她阳光。A. it它；B. itself它自己；C. her她；D. herself她自己。指女孩：她；作宾语，用宾格：her。故选C。
（2）D考查副词及语境理解。句意：无论去哪儿，她总是带着阳光。A. sometimes有时；B. seldom很少；C. never从不；D. always总是。她是一位总是微笑的阳光女孩，总是带去阳光。故选D。
（3）A考查名词及语境理解。句意：最初她的爷爷给她这个名字。A. name名字；B. chance机会；C. dress衣服；D. book书。本段前面介绍的是这位女孩的名字。故选A。
（4）C考查副词及语境的理解。句意：它好像如此地适合这个女孩子。A. possibly可能地；B. clearly 清楚地；C. nicely 恰当地；D. easily 容易地。名字很合适她。故选C。
（5）B考查形容词及语境理解。句意：除非她生病了或是受伤了。没有人听她哭过。A. happy 高兴的；B. sick 生病的；C. fine 好的； D. busy 忙碌的。使人哭的原因：生病。故选B。
（6）A考查动词及语境理解。句意：当她学会走路了，她喜欢到房屋四周去给妈妈弄些东西。A. walk走路，步行；B. say说，讲；C. read读；D. write 写。要到房屋外给妈妈弄东西，得会走路。故选A。
（7）B考查介词短语及语境理解。句意：这样，她尽力地帮助她的妈妈。A. By the way顺便说一下；B. In this way以这种方式；C. On the way在路上；D. In a way在某种程度上。小小的她以那种方式帮助了她的妈妈。故选B。
（8）A考查名词及语境理解。句意：她喜欢学习。A. study学习；B. nature自然；C. travel旅游；D. sport运动。下文举的“坐在妈妈身边问问题”、“静静地看新书”都是学习行为。故选A。
（9）B考查形容词及语境理解。句意：她从来不用不友善的语言。A. kind友善的，和蔼的；B. unkind不友善的；C. usual通常的；D. unusual不同寻常的。由后句：她尽量使她的玩伴开心可知，她从不使用不友好的语言。故选B。
（10）C考查形容词及语境理解。句意：一天，一个穿着旧衣服的穷女孩走过。A .honest诚实的；B. weak虚弱的；C. poor贫穷的；D. rich富裕的。由“with an old torn dress”可以推测出女孩“贫穷”。故选C。
（11）A考查介词及语境理解。句意：她马上跑到门口并叫小女孩进来。A. in进来；B. out出来；C. up上来；D. down下来。到门口叫外面的女孩进来。故选A。
（12）D考查动词及语境理解。句意：因为他们都嘲笑我。A. look看；B. point指；C. shout喊叫；D. laugh笑。孩子们嘲笑衣着破烂的女孩。嘲笑：laugh at。故选D。
（13）D考查动词及语境理解。句意：她用和蔼的话鼓舞女孩。A. brought up提出，养育；B. gave up放弃；C. picked up 拾起，捡起；D. cheered up 鼓舞，鼓励。她用和蔼可亲的语言鼓励她。故选D。
（14）C考查名词及语境理解。句意：这真的给这位穷孩子带来了快乐。A. pain 痛苦；B. trouble 麻烦；C. pleasure 高兴，快乐；D. truth 实话，事实。新衣服和新鞋子使她快乐。故选C。
（15）B考查形容词及语境理解。句意：她认为阳光是苏珊布朗正确的名字。A. wrong 错误的；B. right 正确的；C. strange奇怪的；D. common普通 的。认为名如其人。故选B。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
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（2017·嘉兴）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
It was the summer before my third grade. Our girls' softball team was facing real pitchers(投球手) 1 the first time. Before that, we could just hit the ball on the tee(球座). When the coach started pitching, hitting became 2 for me. I missed every single pitch. From the side, I heard my teammate Emily laughing at 3 . My face got hot and my throat felt like it had a softball stuck in. At that moment, I was starting to 4 playing softball.The next afternoon, when Mum said it was time to play the game, I told her I was 5 . She allowed me to lie down for a while. So I went to my room and 6 myself in bed. This was difficult for me because I was fine and just 7 to avoid softball.Soon Mum came in and said, “Time to go!” She didn't even ask if I felt 8 . I imagined Emily laughing from the sideline, and 9 I really did feel sick to my stomach. I began crying loudly. Still, Mum pulled my team T-shirt over my head. She said, “You have to 10 for the rest of the season, and only after that we can talk about 11 you'll continue next year.” She added that practice was what I needed, not 12 . She promised to practice with me.I got two hits that afternoon, and Emily didn't make a 13 . Every week after that, I practiced at home 14 I got to be one of the best hitters on the team.That 15 taught me being afraid is part of life, and I can do whatever is expected of me if I keep working and practicing.【出处：21教育名师】
1. A. for B. by C. from D. about
2. A. noisy B. natural C. hard D. possible
3. A. him B. them C. me D. us
4. A. remember B. hate C. enjoy D. practice
5. A. bored B. sick C. shy D. sad
6. A. helped B. dressed C. threw D. taught
7. A. failed B. wanted C. refused D. offered
8. A. safer B. better C. warmer D. happier
9. A. usually B. probably C. carefully D. suddenly
10. A. play B. break C. share D. relax
11. A. what B. where C. which D. whether
12. A. waking up B. hurrying up C. giving up D. speaking up
13. A. plan B. sound C. choice D. decision
14. A. until B. unless C. after D. though
15. A. accident B. business C. relationship D. experience
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）C；（4）B；（5）B；（6）C；（7）B；（8）B；（9）D；（10）A；（11）D；（12）C；（13）B；（14）A；（15）D； 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
【解析】短文讲述了作者在投球练习中遭到了队友的嘲笑而避开垒球，但妈妈的一番话让她重新振作起来，检查每天练习，最后成为最好的投球手之一，从作者的经历中我们学习到：害怕是生活的一部分，但持之以恒的工作与练习可以达成你的希望。
（1）for the first time译为“第一次”，固定搭配，故选A。
（2）A.吵闹的； B.自然的； C.难的； D. 可能的。从下文的“我错过了每次的投球”，可知投球对我来说很难。故选C。
（3）结合句意可知是“嘲笑我”，故选C。
（4）A.记得； B.讨厌； C.喜欢； D.练习。从下文的avoid softball“避开垒球”，可知我开始讨厌垒球了，故选B。
（5）A.无聊的； B.病了； C.害羞的； D.悲伤的。从下文的She allowed me to lie down for a while“她让我去躺一会”，可知我告诉她我生病了，故选B。
（6）A.帮助； B.穿； C.扔； D.教，结合句意选C。
（7）A.失败； B.想要； C.拒绝； D.主动提出。结合句意“我只是想避开垒球”，故选B。
（8）A.更安全的； B.更好了； C.更温暖的； D.更开心的。结合句意“她甚至不问我我是否好些了”，故选B。
（9）A.通常的； B.可能地； C.细心地； D.突然。结合句意“我想到Emily在一边笑，我的胃突然就感到恶心 ”，故选D。
（10）A.练球； B.休息； C.分享； D.放松。从后面可知妈妈说“你必须练球”，故选A。
（11）结合句意“只有在那之后，我们才能讨论明年你是否继续”，故选D。
（12）A.醒来； B.匆忙； C.放弃； D.大声说。结合句意“练习是我所需要的，而不是放弃”，故选C。
（13）A.计划； B.声音； C.选择； D.决定。结合句意“我那天下午投进了两个球，Emily没有嘲笑我”，故选B。
（14）A.直到； B.除非； C.在……之后； D.虽然。结合句意“每周我会在家练习直到我小组中最好的投球手”，故选A。
（15）A.事故 ； B.生意； C.关系； D.经历。结合句意可知选D。【版权所有：21教育】
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完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2017·丽水）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意．然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项·
Emma was hanging the colorful papers，not really paying attention to where she was placing them．She was a little unhappy． 1 ， it was her birthday too and no one in her class had even said happy birthday．They were all busy planning the surprise 2 for their headteacher Mr．Smith．Sure Mr．Smith was 3 ． He knew everyone's birthday and made cards for them．He high—fived you when you got an A on a test，and 4 you when you failed．Emma knew Mr．Smith deserved(该得)a surprise party． 5 she wished just one person could remember it was her birthday too!Emma had a quick look at the huge card the class had made．It was as long as the blackboard．She knew Mr．Smith would be unhappy if they 6 him presents．So she suggested the class make a card just like he did for them．“Emma，will you turn off the 7 please "Ms．Clark said．“I'm going to call Mr．Smith now．”Ms．Clark called Mr．Smith，saying the lights in the 8 had gone out．As soon as Ms．Clark finished the call, Emma looked around the classroom 9 with a sigh(叹气)for another time and turned the lights off．The door opened and everyone shouted， 10 !”"A surprise party for 11 "Mr．Smith asked．He walked over to the huge card．“This is the most beautiful card I've ever 12 ． But it makes my birthday card kind of 13 ． ”Then he turned to Emma and handed her the card．“Happy birthday，Emma．I'm excited that we share the same 14 ”.“Me，too.”Emma said， 15 at Mr．Smith．
“Happy birthday，Emma!"her classmates cheered．
1. A. After all B. By the way C. First of all D. For example
2. A. talk B. lesson C. party D. trip
3. A. healthy B. humorous C. handsome D. great
4. A. thanked B. praised C. left D. encouraged
5. A. And B. But C. Or D. So
6. A. showed B. made C. lent D. bought
7. A. TV B. fan C. lights D. computers
8. A. classroom B. gym C. library D. yard
9. A. angrily B. happily C. slowly D. surely
10. A. Welcome B. Surprise C. Morning D. Goodbye
11. A. me B. her C. you D. us
12. A. posted B. ordered C. made D. seen
13. A. expensive B. old C. small D. long
14. A. birthday B. cake C. card D. dream
15. A. rushing B. smiling C. pointing D. waving
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）D；（4）D；（5）B；（6）D；（7）C；（8）A；（9）C；（10）B；（11）A；（12）D；（13）C；（14）A；（15）B； 21cnjy.com
【解析】短文大意：Emma和同学们忙着准备老师的生日派对，但她有点不开心，因为这天也是她的生日，却没有人对她说生日快乐，派对准备好后，史密斯老师被带了过来，他对同学们为他做的事情非常开心，令Emma开心的是，史密斯老师给她做了生日卡片，原来他没有忘记自己的生日。
（1）A.毕竟； B.顺便一说； C.首先； D.例如。结合句意可知是“毕竟今天也是她的生日，班上没有一人对她说生日快乐。”，故选A。
（2）A.谈话； B.课程； C.聚会； D.旅行。结合句意可知是“每个人正忙着为班主任计划惊喜派对”，故选C。
（3）A.健康的； B.幽默的； C.英俊的； D.伟大的。从后面的“他记得每个人的生日并为他们制作卡片”，故选D。
（4）A.谢谢； B.赞扬； C.离开； D.鼓励。结合句意可知是“当你失败时，他会鼓励你”，故选D。
（5）结合句意可知是“Emma知道史密斯该得这样的一个派对，但是她也希望有一个人记得是她的生日。”，故选B。
（6）A.给……看； B.制作； C.借给； D.买。结合句意可知是“如果他们给他买礼物，史密斯老师会不开心”，故选D。
（7）后面的句意可知是关灯，故选C。
（8）结合上下文句意可知是教室里的灯，故选A。
（9）A.生气地； B.高兴地； C.慢慢地； D.肯定地，结合句意可知是慢慢地环顾四周，故选C。
（10）根据下文的"A surprise party ……？，可知选B。
（11）结合句意可知是“这是给我的惊喜？”，故选A。
（12）结合句意可知是“这是我曾见到的最美丽的卡片”，故选D。
（13）A.昂贵的； B.老的； C.小的； D.长的。根据句意“但是这使得我的卡片有点小”，故选C。
（14）结合句意可知是“我很兴奋我们共享一个生日”，故选A。
（15）A.冲出；B.微笑； C.指； D.挥舞，结合句意可知是B。
考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，做完型填空首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。www.21-cn-jy.com
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（2017·浙江绍兴）阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
As a new teacher at Doull Primary School in Denver, Kyle Schwartz thought of a simple way to get to know her third graders, most of whom came from 1 families. She asked them to complete the 2 “I wish my teacher knew…" and share something about themselves.Their 3 answers gave the teacher a chance to understand her students' difficulties. "I wish my teacher knew I have no pencils to do my homework," 4 one child. "I wish my teacher knew sometimes my reading homework is not signed（签名）, because my mom is not 5 a lot,” wrote another. Some shared hope for the 6 " I wish my teacher knew that I want to go to college."
"Some notes are really heartbreaking," Schwartz tells ABC News. "I care 7 about each of my students and I don't want them to be poor forever." She explains, " I hoped to know 8 I could better support them. So I 9 to let them tell me what I needed to know. That was why I created the fill-in-the-blank exercise." 10 the third graders were allowed to answer anonymously（匿名）, most wanted to include names. And some were even excited to read their notes out loud. 11 one shy girl who bravely said that she was lonely. "After she told the class, "I don't have friends to 12 me, I was worried what they would do." Schwartz tells Us Weekly. "However, I felt encouraged to see how much support the other kids offered 13 . They invited her to play at break and sit with them at lunch. You see 14 have an unusual ability to express empathy（同情）."
"The results have been 15 ," says Schwartz. "It speaks to the importance of giving people a voice and really listening to them."
1. A. traditional B. friendly C. poor D. small
2. A. postcard B. note C. letter D. diary
3. A. honest B. polite C. usual D. right
4. A. suggested B. copied C. repeated D. wrote
5. A. free B. careless C. famous D. angry
6. A. society B. course C. research D. future
7. A. secretly B. deeply C. nervously D. directly
8. A. where B. why C. how D. when
9. A. decided B. refused C. forgot D. learned
10. A. Unless B. Though C. Because D. Once
11. A. like B. from C. against D. except
12. A. look for B. talk about C. depend on D. play with
13. A. him B. you C. her D. me
14. A. children B. teachers C. parents D. reporters
15. A. boring B. surprising C. worrying D. relaxing
【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）D；（5）A；（6）D；（7）B；（8）C；（9）A；（10）B；（11）A；（12）D；（13）C；（14）A；（15）B；
【解析】本文讲述了一位小学老师的独特的教学方法。为了了解学生，他让学生把自己的想法写出来与同学分享，取得了很好的效果。
⑴ 句意：作为丹佛道尔小学的一名新来的老师，凯尔·施瓦兹 想到一个简单的了解她的三年级的学生的方法，这些三年级的学生中大部分来自……家庭。traditional传统的；friendly友好的；poor贫 穷的；small小的。根据下文 I don't want them to be poor forever可知选C。
⑵句意：她让他们完成……“我希望我的老师知道……”并分享关于他们自己的一些事。postcard明信片；note便条；letter信；diary日记。根据下文的"Some notes are really heartbreaking,"可知选B。
⑶句意：他们诚实的答案给老师一个了解她的学生困难的机会。honest诚实的；polite礼貌的；usual通常的；right正确的。根据下文
“It speaks to the importance of giving people a voice and really listening to them.”可知，学生说出了自己的心声。 所以他们的答案都是诚实的。故选A。
⑷句意：一个孩子写道：我希望我的老师知道我没有铅笔做作业。suggest建议；copy复 制；repeat重复；write写。根据That was why I created the fill-in-the-blank exercise.或“I wish my teacher knew sometimes my reading homework is not signed（签名）, because my mom is not 20 a lot,” wrote another.可知，这是让学生填的一张表。所以这是学生写的。故选D。
⑸句意：我希望我的老师知道有时我的阅读作业没有签名，free自由的；免费的；careless粗心的；famous著名的；angry生气的。是因为我的妈妈没 有空。根据my reading homework is not signed（签名）可知，是因为妈妈没有空，而没有签名。故选A。
⑹句意：一些学生分享了对未来的希望。根据“ I wish my teacher knew that I want to go to college.”上大学是未来的事情。故选D。
⑺句意：我深深地关心我的每一个学生，我不想他们永远受穷。secretly秘密地；deeply深深地；nervously紧张地；directly直接地。根据句意可 知选B。 ⑻句意：我希望知道如何更好地支持他们。根据句意可知选C。 ⑼句意：因此，我决定让他们告诉我我需要知道什么。decide决定；refuse拒绝；forget忘记；learn学习。根据后一句“那就是为什么我弄了这个填 空练习。”可知填表的目的是了解学生的情况，故选A。
⑽句意：虽然这些三年级的学生可以匿名回答，但大部分还是想写上名字。根据前后关系可知表示让步，故选B。 ⑾句意：甚至有些学生激动的把他们写的东西读出来。如一个害羞的女孩大胆地说她很孤独。like像；如；from来自；against反对；except除了。 根据句意可知此处是在举例，故选A。 ⑿句意：我没有和我玩的朋友。A. look for寻找； B. talk about 谈论；C. depend on依靠；D. play with和某人玩。根据one shy girl who bravely said that she was lonely.可知，感到孤独的人是没有什么朋友的。故选D。 ⒀句意：可是，看到其他的孩子提供给她的帮助我感到很受鼓舞。根据They invited her to play at break and sit with them at lunch. 可知，这里是提供给那个小女孩的帮助。 故选C。 ⒁句意：你看，孩子们有一个不寻常的能力来表达同情心。A. children孩子；B. teachers老师； C. parents父母；D. reporters记者。根据 They invited her to play at break and sit with them at lunch.可知，这里是提供给那个小女孩的帮助的孩子们。 故选A。
⒂句意：结果是令人吃惊的。A. boring令人烦恼的；B. surprising令人吃惊的；C. worrying 令人担心的；D. relaxing令人放松的。根据It speaks to the importance of giving people a voice and really listening to them.”可知，让学生说出自己的心声，结果令人吃惊 的。故选B。
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（2017·杭州）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出一个最佳选项。
This story tells of two sporting heroes who made an impossible dream come true. Bob Champion was a young jockey (骑师) with a bright 1 . Then, one day, he fell off his horse. He went to the doctor 2 his injuries(伤) and was surprised when he 3 that he had cancer. The medical treatment lasted many months and made him very 4 .At times, he nearly died. As the same time, there was a successful 5 called Aldaniti. Unluckily, during one race, the horse got a serious injury. The horse's owners 6 to put the horse down though the doctor advised the horse's trainer to do so. They 7 Aldaniti for a whole year and the horse's injuries got better. By this time, Bob Champion was out of 8 . Slowly, he got back his strength. Eight months later, he 9 to his job as a jockey. A month after that, he rode the winning horse in a race. Soon afterwards, Aldaniti 10 returned to training.
Early the next year, 11 Bob Champion and Aldaniti were almost back to full fitness. Now, there was a new plan. Bob decided to 12 Aldaniti in the Grand National, one of the UK's most famous horse races. People watching the race knew all about the 13 fights against ill health and injury. Every one of them wanted the fairy tale to have a 14 ending. And it was perfect. Aldaniti and Bob Champion were real sporting 15 .
1. A. future B. idea C. smile D. voice
2. A. instead of B. except for C. because of D. away from
3. A. suggested B. discovered C. expected D. remember
4. A. sad B. scared C. poor D. weak
5. A. doctor B. horse C. owner D. trainer
6. A. refused B. prepared C. regretted D. forgot
7. A. waited for B. looked after C. called in D. paid for
8. A. work B. school C. sight D. hospital
9. A. stuck B. belonged C. returned D. moved
10. A. also B. still C. even D. again
11. A. either B. both C. all D. each
12. A. stop B. walk C. ride D. feed
13. A. one's B. pair's C. group's D. family's
14. A. sad B. funny C. happy D. similar
15. A. heroes B. players C. results D. events
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）B；（4）D；（5）B；（6）A；（7）B；（8）D；（9）C；（10）A；（11）B；（12）C；（13）B；（14）C；（15）A； 21教育名师原创作品
【解析】文章大意：文章讲述了Bob Champion和Aldaniti一匹马勇敢面对疾病，最后成为运动英雄的故事。
（1）考查名词词义。句意：Bob Champion是一个有着光明未来的一个年轻骑师。future：未来，故选A。
（2）考查介词短语。句意：他因为他的伤去看医生，当他发现他有癌症时感到非常惊讶。because of: 因为，介词短语，后跟名词或者动名词，故选C。
（3）考查动词。句意：他因为他的伤去看医生，当他发现他有癌症时感到非常惊讶。discover：发现，故选B。
（4）考查形容词词义。句意：医学治疗持续了很多月，让他非常虚弱。weak: 虚弱的，故选D。
（5）考查名词。句意：与此同时，有一匹成功的马，名叫Aldaniti。根据后文可知Aldaniti是一匹马，故选B。
（6）考查动词。句意：尽管医生建议马的训练者放弃马，马的主人拒绝这样做。根据后文可知主人没有放弃这匹马，refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事，故选A。
（7）考查动词短语。句意：他们照顾Aldaniti一整年，马的伤好多了。look after: 照顾，故选B。
（8）考查名词。句意：到这个时候，Bob Chanpion出院了。hospital：医院，故选D。
（9）考查动词。句意：八个月之后，他返回到骑师的工作岗位上。return：返回，故选C。
（10）考查副词。句意：之后不久，Aldaniti也返回到训练中。also：也，副词，放在句中，故选A。
（11）考查短语。句意：第二年的早期，Bob Champion和Aldaniti两个几乎都恢复到完全健康中。both··· and···两个都，故选B。
（12）考查动词。句意：Bob决定在英国最著名的赛马比赛之一——全国越野障碍赛马中骑Aldaniti。骑马：ride a horse, 故选C。
（13）考查名词的词义。句意：观看比赛的人们都知道这一对和疾病，伤痛的斗争。pair：对，指Bob Champion和Aldaniti, 根据句意可知要用名词的所有格形式，故选B。
（14）考查形容词。句意：他们每个人都想要这个神话一样的故事有一个快乐的结尾。happy：快乐的，故选C。
（15）考查名词。句意：Aldaniti和Bob Champion成为了真正的运动英雄。英雄：hero, 故选A。【点评】此题考查词汇短语句式等在语境中的运用，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据语境、语法、上下文、逻辑推理斟酌字句选出正确答案，最后通读全文，确保通顺、完整。
六、完形填空的做题误区
很多学生说，他们做完形填空时，往往采用“翻译法和代入法”，即做题时翻译文章内容，感觉哪个合适选哪个，看看划横线处有没有一些固定搭配，然后作选择或者填空。其实这样做是很危险的：① 在实际考试中，翻译很容易受母语影响，进行错误选择;② 并不是所谓固定搭配一定是正确选项，完形填空是考查单词在语境中的运用。如果这个搭配或短语是不符合语篇、段落逻辑的，即便是固定说法，也是不合适的，在阅卷的时候这样的答案一定是错误的。纵观这几年中考真题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \t "http: / / zhongkao.koolearn.com / 20180124 / _blank" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )、一模、二模试卷，以及一些学校的月考、期中、期末试卷发现，完形填空重点考查单词，短语在句子、段落、篇章中的含义，而并非单词本身的“认知”含义。这就为什么一些同学其实单词量并不缺乏，但完形却得分率不高的原因。
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