备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈
专题13 冲关押题训练
题组一
Cloze 1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
体裁
话题
词数
难度
参考用时
正确率
记叙文
细节决定成败
209
★★★☆☆
10分钟
Mr. James owns a company. He put an advertisement? 1 a newspaper for a boy to work in his office. Out of nearly fifty people? 2 came to apply, the man selected one and dismissed? 3 others.2-1-c-n-j-y
“I would like to know,” said a friend, “the reason you preferred that boy, who brought neither a single letter,? 4 a single recommendation.”
“You are wrong,” said the gentlemen. “He had many. He wiped his feet at the door and closed the door behind him,? 5 (mean) that he was careful. He gave his seat immediately to an old man, showing that he was kind and? 6 (thought). He took off his cap when he came in and answered my questions quickly, showing that he was a polite gentleman. Everyone else steeped over the book that I? 7 (put) on the floor purposely. He picked? 8 up and placed it on the table, and he waited quietly for his turn instead of pushing and crowding. When I talked to him, I noticed his tidy clothing, his? 9 (neat) brushed hair, and his clean finger mails. Can’t you see that these are excellent recommendations? I considered them to be more significant than? 10 (letter).”
Hearing the words, the friend nodded in agreement.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记述文。通过一个面试告诉我们：细节决定成败。
1.in
【解析】考查介词。根据句意：他把一个广告刊登进一份报纸里。考查搭配put sth. in…。故此处需要填介词in。
2.who/that
【解析】考查连词。根据句意：在来面试的大约五十人中，Mr. James挑选了一个人驳回了其他人的申请。可知此句是定语从句，先行词是people,从句缺少主语故用who/that引导定语从句。
3.the
【解析】考查冠词。根据上题解析此处应指剩下的其他人故应填the表特指。
4.nor
【解析】考查并列连词。″Neither…nor…”表示“既不……也不……”。
5.meaning
【解析】考查非谓语动词。所填词作状语，其逻辑主语he与mean是主动关系，所以用meaning。
6.thoughtful
7.had put
【解析】考查时态。根据句意put应发生在steeped over前，所以用过去完成时。
8.It
【解析】考查代词。根据此句中的″…and placed it on the table,”可看出应填it
9.neatly
【解析】考查副词。所填词是修饰其后的形容词brushed，所以用副词。
10.letters
【解析】考查名词复数。根据句意：我认为它们比信件更重要。可知所填词应是名词，letter又是可数名词故用复数形式。21世纪教育网版权所有
Cloze 2
体裁
文章话题
词数
建议时间
难度
自测正确率
应用文
适合学习科站
10分钟
★★★☆☆
As you know, science plays? 1 very important role in our education. Do you want to keep up? 2 the latest research and discoveries in science? There are many good websites? 3 you can check out the latest in the science world.21·cn·jy·com
One great site is Science News for Kids. This site reports science news? 4 (cover) a wide range of subjects. The articles are intended for younger readers, but adults will find this site? 5 (suit) for them as well. Another wonderful site, one that I check out every day,? 6 (call) Science Daily. The site is? 7 (constant) updated with news, often about exciting? 8 (finding) that change how we view the world.www.21-cn-jy.com
These sites post the latest stories and also keep all the past articles they? 9 (post) earlier. That way you can find articles just about anything that? 10 (be) related to the science fields you are interested in.
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了适合学习科站。
1.a
【解析】考查冠词。Play a role表示“起作用”，故填a。
2.with
【解析】考查介词。 keep up with表示“赶得上、保持联系”。
3.where
【解析】考查定语从句。此处为定语从句，先行词为websites，从句中缺少地点状语。
4.covering
5.suitable
【解析】考查形容词。此处缺少形容词作表语，故填suitable。
6.is called
【解析】考查时态语态。主语Another wonderful site与call之间是被动关系，且为一般情况，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。
7.constantly
【解析】考查副词。修饰动词updated用副词。
8.findings
【解析】考查名词。由change判断用可数名词复数。
9.posted
【解析】考查时态。由earlier判断动作发生在过去，应该用一般过去时。
10.is
【解析】考查主谓一致。先行词为anything，be动词用单数，且为一般现在时态。
Cloze 3
体裁
话题
词数
难度
参考用时
正确率
说明文
卡通电影Coco的剧情介绍
129
★★★☆☆
10分钟
Disney’s cartoon movie, Coco, has become? 1 hit and received plenty of positive? 2 (review). It tells a story about a Mexican boy? 3 (name) Miguel. Despite his family generation-old ban? 4 music, Miguel dreams of becoming an accomplished musician. Desperate to prove his talent for music, he finds? 5 (he) in the amazing and colorful Land of the Dead,? 6 (follow) a mysterious chain of events. Along the way, he? 7 (meet) a singer, Hector, and? 8 (passionate) they set off on an extraordinary journey.
It is a tale told with considerable wisdom and genuine tenderness. While the movie’s? 9 (conclude) is not difficult to predict, anyone? 10 heart is not warmed by it may wish to consult with an therapist (心理治疗师).
【语篇解读】本文是迪士尼卡通电影Coco的剧情介绍，讲述了墨西哥男孩Miguel的音乐之旅。
1.a
【解析】考查冠词。become a hit表示“风靡一时”，故填a。
2.reviews
【解析】考查名词。plenty of修饰可数名词复数，故填reviews。
3.named
4.on
【解析】考查介词。Ban on表示“关于……的禁令”，故填on。
5.himself
【解析】考查代词。此处与前面的he指的是同一个人，用反身代词作finds的宾语。
6.following
【解析】考查非谓语动词。He与follow之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作伴随状语。
7.meets
【解析】考查时态。本文的基础时态为一般现在时，主语是he，谓语动词用单数。
8.passionately
【解析】考查副词。修饰动词短语set off用副词。
9.conclusion
【解析】考查名词。此处用名词作主语，由is判断用单数。
10.whose
【解析】考查定语从句。此处为定语从句，先行词为anyone，关系词在从句中作定语。
题组二
Cloze 1
体裁
文章话题
词数
建议时间
难度
自测正确率
说明文
一边走路一边玩手机的危害
11分钟
★★★☆☆
A woman suddenly? 1 (go) blind in one eye after playing a mobile phone game for a whole week in Guangdong province last month. The unnamed woman admitted to regularly playing the game for seven or eight hours without moving and finally lost? 2 (she) right eyesight.
The game, Arena of Valor,? 3 (know) as Honour of Kings,?has become hugely popular in China and is due to be?limited across the US and Europe. Being? 4 world’s most popular online battle game, it?already has over 200 million players in China.2·1·c·n·j·y
The battle game? 5 (put) together a team of five players who have to fight others in a fantasy land filled? 6 characters, and players can buy extra features? 7 playing.?The eye injury?follows series of? 8 (incident). In June, a?child in Shenzhen stole 30,000 yuan (￡3,450) from his parents to buy add-ons, and a?13-year-old in Hangzhou severely injured his legs after jumping from a five-storey building to escape from his father who was trying to stop him playing.
In a country? 9 60?percent?of the population has a smart-phone, the game has been highly? 10 (success), partly because it is free to play.www-2-1-cnjy-com
【语篇解读】本文举例介绍了一边走路一边玩手机给人们造成的伤害。
1.went
【解析】考查时态。根据时间状语“last month”可知，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时。
2.her
【解析】考查代词。修饰名词 right eyesight用形容词性物主代词。
3.known
4.the
【解析】考查冠词。修饰最高级most popular永定冠词。
5.puts
【解析】考查主谓一致。根据“have”判断此处用一般现在时，主语The battle game与put之间是主动关系，谓语用第三人称单数。21cnjy.com
6.with
【解析】考查介词。be filled with表示“充满”。
7.while/when
【解析】考查时间状语从句。此处是时间状语从句的省略，表示“当……的时候”，省略了they are。
8.incidents
【解析】考查名词。series of后接可数名词复数。
9.where
10.successful
【解析】考查形容词。此处缺少形容词作表语。
Cloze 2
体裁
文章话题
词数
建议时间
难度
自测正确率
说明文
读书是一种好的爱好
185
10分钟
★★★★☆
First, reading books 1 (be) fun. You can always keep yourself 2 (interest) and it can help you have an enjoyable time if you like reading. This is especially useful when the weather is bad. It is a(n) 3 (relax) hobby too.【出处：21教育名师】
Next, you can read a book anywhere: in a car, on a plane, in bed — even in the bath. 4 you need is a book! Reading is a convenient hobby as it is easy to stop and start again.
Another good reason for reading books is 5 it is useful. If you read as a hobby you 6 (get) better and better at it. This means that you will read faster and become 7 (good) at understanding what you read. As your reading improves, you will probably find your schoolwork becomes much easier. Many school subjects depend 8 good reading and, as you read you learn more and more.【版权所有：21教育】
Good readers are most likely to be good 9 (write), too. They are usually good at 10 (spell) as well, and have more things to write about. Reading books is really a wonderful hobby.
【语篇解读】这段短文主要讲述读书是一种好的爱好。首先读书是一种乐趣；你可以在任何地方读书；读书有用；读书没有过时，总之，读书有许多种好处。21教育名师原创作品
1.is
【解析】考查谓语动词及主谓一致。主语是动名词reading books，谓语用单数，而且这篇文章使用一般现在时。故填is。
?2.interested
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处用＂keep sb+形容词＂的结构，修饰yourself用形容词interested＂感兴趣的＂。
?3.relaxing
【解析】考查词性转化。修饰名词hobby用形容词。故填relaxing＂放松的＂。
?4.What
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：你需要的是一本书。is前面是主语从句，主语从句缺少主语，指物。用what引导主语从句。故填What。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
?5.that
?6.will get
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据条件状语从句＂If you read as a hobby，＂可知主句用一般将来时。故填will get。21教育网
?7.better
【解析】考查形容词的比较等级。根据上文＂you will read faster＂可知这里用形容词good的比较级。故填better。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
?8.on
【解析】考查固定搭配。depend on依靠，是固定短语。故填on。
?9.writers
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：好的读者也最有可能是好的作家。形容词good修饰名词，write的名词是writer，是可数名词，主语是good readers，这里也是复数。故填writers。
?10.spelling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。be good at doing sth.擅长做某事，是固定用法。故填spelling。
Cloze 3
体裁
文章话题
词数
建议时间
难度
自测正确率
说明文
外部的电话天线
192
10分钟
★★★★☆
Scientists are working hard to develop better aerials(天线)for mobile phones, a spokesman for Phikia Phones said today. ＂It really ??? 1 (annoy) users when they lose the signal in the middle of a call, ?? 2 we are developing new aerials that will enable users?? 3 (receive)stronger signals. Many users reported that when they?? 4 (travel),the signal was often lost＂,said the spokesman. The new aerials are designed to avoid losing the signal 5 receiving the message on a wider range of radio frequencies. ＂we have learnt that this is a major concern for phone users＂, said the spokesman. The new phones have a? 6 (flexibility) external aerial , which users will have to get used to? 7 (touch) their ear or head. The aerials that make the phones able to pick up a wider range of signals. The company spokesman insisted 8 this was not a potential danger. ＂Every safety regulation has been followed＂, he told our reporter. ＂If I ?? 9 (have)one of these phones this morning, I wouldn’t have missed my train coming here＂, ? 10 (joke) the spokesman.21·世纪*教育网
【语篇解读】很多人在打电话的时候会中途失去信号，现在研究人员正在研发外部的电话天线，防止失去信号。
1.annoys
2.so 【解析】考查副词。
【解析】下文的＂we are developing new aerials＂是上文的结果。故填so。?21*cnjy*com
3.to receive句
【解析】考查非谓语动词。意：我们开发新的天线，能让用户收到更强的信号。使用enable sb. to do sth.故填to receive。
?4.were traveling
【解析】考查动词的时态。很多用户报告说：当他们正在旅游的时候，信号经常丢失。主句是＂the signal was often lost＂，用一般过去时，根据语境从句用过去进行时，主语表示复数。故填were traveling。
?5.by
【解析】考查介词。新的天线被设计是为了通过接收更广泛的信息而避免失去信号。by doing sth通过做某事。故填by。
?6.flexible
【解析】考查形容词。修饰名词external aerial用形容词形式。故填flexible。
?7.touching
【解析】考查非谓语动词。get used to doing习惯于做某事。故填touching。
?8.that
【解析】考查名词性从句。insisted后面接宾语从句，从句的内容和结构都是完整的，用that引导。故填that。21*cnjy*com
?9.had had
?10.joked
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据上文＂he told our reporter.＂可知发言人的话是过去说的。故填joked。
备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈
专题13 冲关模拟训练
题组一
Test 1 (2018届福建省百所重点校联合考试)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
体裁
话题
词数
难度
参考用时
正确率
说明文
爱丁堡动物园雌性大熊猫被怀孕
★★★☆☆
10分钟
“The only female giant panda in Britain? 1 (believe) to be pregnant,” Edinburgh Zoo said Thursday. The zoo said, “Tian Tian is being? 2 (close) monitored, but it’s unclear? 3 she will give birth. It’s hard to predict exactly and the panda breeding (繁殖) season can last until late September.”21·cn·jy·com
Tian Tian and male panda Yang Guang, who are both 14,? 4 (arrive) in Edinburgh on a decade-long loan from China in 2011 and are? 5 only giant pandas in Britain. Tian Tian, or Sweetie, has been pregnant several? 6 (time) before in the U. K. but has never given birth.
Giant pandas have difficulty breeding and their pregnancies are very difficult? 7 (follow). The animals also experience “pseudo-pregnancies (伪怀孕)”, during? 8 their behavior and hormonal (生理的) changes indicate they are pregnant even when they are not.
The zoo’s statement came after the Edinburgh Evening Nevus used the Freedom of Information Act to obtain communication between the zoo and Scottish government? 9 (show) that Tian Tian had been artificially inseminated and could give birth as early as this week. In a July 25 email, Iain Valentine, panda? 10 (direct) at the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, said he thought Tian Tian was about 30 days away from giving birth.2·1·c·n·j·y
【文章大意】来自英国爱丁堡动物园的消息，英国唯一的雌性大熊猫被怀孕了，在不久的未来就要生小宝宝了。
1.is believed
2.closely
【解析】考查副词。此处指“被密切监视”，用副词修饰谓语动词。故填closely。
3.when
【解析】考查连词。句意：还不确定她什么时候生小宝宝。此处it是形式主语，when引起真正的主语从句。故填when。【出处：21教育名师】
4.arrived
【解析】考查时态。根据后面的时间状语“in 2011”可知，句子用一般过去时态。故填arrived。
5.the
【解析】考查冠词。“the only…”指“唯一的人或者物”，是固定搭配。故填the。
6.times
【解析】考查名词。此处time是“次数”的意思，several修饰可数名词的复数形式。故填times。
7.to follow
【解析】考查非谓语。此处运用了“sth.+be+adj.+to do”句式。故填to follow。
8.which
9.showing
【解析】考查非谓语。句子中有谓语came，此处是非谓语在句中作状语。故填showing。
10.director
【解析】考查名词。此处指在“the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland”负责管理熊猫的主任。故填director。2-1-c-n-j-y
Test 2 (2018届江西省红色七校高三联考)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
体裁
话题
词数
难度
参考用时
正确率
说明文
杭州正在为2022年举办一场重大的体育赛事所做的建设和努力
175
★★★☆☆
10分钟
As we all know, Hangzhou, a beautiful city, won the bid? 1 September 16th 2015. Thus, it will be the third Chinese city? 2 (host) the games.21教育网
Hangzhou is a beautiful city with a long history. Hosting the Asian Games will give it a new look.? 3 the event will cost the government a lot, the benefits are easy for us to see. To the citizens in Hangzhou, the best part of it is?that?it will give us the chance to watch world-class matches and? 4 (compete)? close to home. Secondly, there is no doubt? 5 the event will attract more visitors to enjoy? 6 (visit) this wonderful city. At the same time, it is good for the development of the tourism. Meanwhile, as the construction goes on, more roads? 7 (build) and the Metro system will be expanded,? 8 can reduce traffic jams.21*cnjy*com
In the next few years, Hangzhou will try its best to prepare? 9 （it）for the big show.? 10 splendid Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了杭州正在为2022年举办一场重大的体育赛事所做的建设和努力。
1.on
考查介词。在具体的某一日期，用介词on。
2.to host
考查不定式。名词前有序数词修饰时用不定式作后置定语。
3.Though/although
考查状语从句。此处为让步状语从句，由句意可知此处表示“尽管”。
4.competitions
考查名词。此处与matches并列，用复数名词作watch的宾语。
5.that
考查名词性从句。there is no doubt that表示“毫无疑问的是”。
6.visiting
考查非谓语动词。Enjoy后接动名词作宾语。
7.will be built
考查时态语态。roads与build之间是被动关系，且为一般将来时，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。
8.which
考查非限定性定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前面的内容在从句中作主语。
9.itself
考查代词。此处与前面的Hangzhou一致，表示“它自己”。
10.A
考查冠词。此处表示“一个出色的杭州”，故填A。
Test 3 (2018届安徽省江淮十校高三第二次联考 )
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
体裁
话题
词数
难度
参考用时
正确率
说明文
电影《猩球崛起3：终极之战》
196
★★★☆☆
10分钟
For those? 1 have seen War for the Planet of the Apes, it’s easy to come to this conclusion---the movie isn’t about war or the planet, and it’s not? 2 (necessary) even about the apes. The movie is about? 3 (survive) and the choices we all make when one wants to survive, good or bad.21cnjy.com
With a story that should have been full of conflict and violence, it takes a different approach. You may find? 4 (you) exposed to small pockets of action. While recent sci-fi movies have become? 5 (know) for their action and scenes, War for the Planet of the Apes has taken science fiction? 6 a thoughtful and intelligent direction.
War for the Planet of the Apes may not be the action and monster film that you had in mind,? 7 it’s the kind of film that will make you want to sit in silence in the theater for a few minutes after it ends, taking in? 8 you’ve just witnessed.
The few movies that have that effect? 9 (be) usually about humans, but this film enables people? 10 (feel) that way about apes. And that is what makes it a masterpiece.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了电影《猩球崛起3：终极之战》。
1.who
2.necessarily
【解析】考查副词。修饰动词或形容词用副词，故填necessarily。
3.survival
【解析】考查名词。此处用名词作宾语，表示抽象意义的“生存、幸存”，故填survival。
4.yourself
【解析】考查代词。此处与前面的You指的是一个人，所以用反身代词，故填yourself。
5.known
【解析】考查形容词。be known for表示“因……而众所周知”。
6.in
【解析】考查介词。in direction表示“朝……的方向”。
7.but
【解析】考查连词。前后句意可知，前后是转折关系，所以用but连接。
8.what
【解析】考查宾语从句。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故填what。
9.are
【解析】考查主谓一致。主语是The few movies，be动词用复数，且为一般现在时态，故填are。
10.to feel
【解析】考查非谓语动词。enable sb to do表示“使某人能够做……”。
题组二
Cloze 1(2017届广东省佛山市高明区第一中学高三第二次大考)
体裁
文章话题
词数
建议时间
难度
自测正确率
记叙文
父亲与期待
206
11分钟
★★★☆☆
No one loves me more than my parents, especially my father. My father is stout and strong, 1 a severe look on his face and keen expressive eyes. At first sight you may feel him hard 2 ( approach ). In fact he is very kind and considerate. I believe my father is a 3 ( talent ) man. He is decisive and efficient in doing things. By his own talents and years of efforts, he 4 ( provide ) his family with a good social position and a 5 ( relative ) rich life. Besides, he lives in harmony with others and never quarrels with anyone, so people from all walks of life come to my home, from 6 I’ve gained lots of social experiences. But at home he is a strict parent who is hard on me and has high 7 ( expectation ) of me. I can see that my idling away time 8 ( hurt ) him deeply, while if I have done something great and meaningful, such as 19___ ( write ) a book, he will be more excited than me. I always remind 10 ( me ) I must go on and on, and never shall I give up halfway.21世纪教育网版权所有
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述父亲是一个结实健壮的人，友好善良，用自己的天赋和努力为家人创造了好的生活，但是父亲对我严格，期待很高。我将不会辜负父亲的厚望，一定努力，决不不半路放弃。21·世纪*教育网
1.with
【解析】考查介词。with＂有；拥有＂。句意：我的父亲是结实健壮的，脸上神色严肃 ，有着一双锐利而富有友情的眼睛。故填with。www-2-1-cnjy-com
2.to approach
【解析】考查不定式。to approach作状语修饰hard，形容词后不定式作状语，him是不定式的逻辑宾语，用不定式的主动形式表示被动。故填to approach。21*cnjy*com
3.talented
【解析】考查形容词。句意：父亲是一个有天赋的人。talented＂有天赋的＂修饰man作定语，作定语用形容词。故填talented。【版权所有：21教育】
4.has provided
【解析】考查动词。句意：用自己的天赋和多年的努力，父亲为全家提供了好的社会地位和相对富裕的生活。根据语境可知，＂提供＂这一动作指过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果，用现在完成时。主语是第三人称单数。故填has provided。21教育名师原创作品
5.relatively
【解析】考查副词。relatively＂相对地＂修饰rich作状语，作状语用副词。故填relatively。
6.whom
【解析】考查定语从句。＂from ___6___ I’ve gained lots of social experiences＂作定语修饰all walks of life，作介词宾语，指人，用关系代词whom。故填whom。
7.expectations
8.hurts
【解析】考查动词。句意：我明白我虚度的时间深深伤害了他。讲述现在的事情，且主语是第三人称单数。故填hurts。www.21-cn-jy.com
9.writing
【解析】考查词性转化。 such as＂诸如＂，as是介词，介词后跟动名词作宾语。故填writing。
10.myself
【解析】考查代词。句意：我总是提醒我自己我必须一直向前，绝不半路放弃。主语和宾语指同一事物，作宾语用翻身代词。故填myself。
Cloze 2(2017届四川省双流中学高三下学期模拟考试)
体裁
文章话题
词数
建议时间
难度
自测正确率
记叙文
李健忠学习制作糖画
187
10分钟
★★★☆☆
As less people choose to make sugar paintings, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have become a? 1 ?(distance) memory in some ways. However, a 38-year-old craftsman, Li Jiangzhong, is committed to? 2 ?(keep) the art of sugar painting alive.
Li worked as a miner for more than ten years. After? 3 ?mine closed down, Li turned 4 ?housing decoration, until he? 5 (force) to give that up due to a finger injury. Earlier this year, he discovered sugar painting, something he really had an interest in.
Since there was no sugar painting craftsman in his village, he studied by? 6 ?(he) through large quantities of videos and information on the Internet. Li loved painting when he was young, and he found it easy to learn the skill in sugar painting. He soon mastered the skill and could make a? 7 (vary) of sugar paintings. A sugar painting is made with? 8 (melt) brown or white sugar. Craftsman? 9 (normal) paint animals and flowers on a stone board with the syrup(糖浆). When the sugar cools down,? 10 ?appears is a piece of sugar art.
【文章大意】本文是记叙文，讲述38岁的李健忠回到老家继承中国传统文化，学习制作糖画的故事，文章还说明了糖画的制作。
1.distant
【解析】考查词性转换。空格处修饰名词memory，形容词修饰名词作定语，故填distant。
2.keeping
【解析】考査非谓语动词。句意：一位38岁的手艺人李健忠致力于继承糖画艺术。be committed to“致力于”是固定搭配，to是介词，接动名词作宾语。故填keeping。
3.the
【解析】考査冠词。上文提到他做过十多年矿工，故此处表示他所在的矿井关闭以后，为特指，故填the。
4.to
【解析】考查介词。句意：他转而去做房屋装修的工作了。 turn to“转而做，转向”是固定词组。故填 to。
5.was forced
6.himself
【解析】考查代词。句意：由于他的村子里没有糖画手艺人，因此他自学制作糖画。by oneself固定用法，表示“独自地，全靠自己地”，故填himself。
7.variety
【解析】考查词性转换。句意：他很快掌握了这项技术并能制作出各种各样的糖画。a variety of“各种各样”是固定短语，故填variety。
8.melted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：糖画通常用褐色或白色的融化了的糖做。melt作定语，与sugar是被动关系，用过去分词作定语表示被动关系，故填melted。
9.normally
10.what
【解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“所……的东西”，what引导主语从句，作主语、宾语或者表语。故填what。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Cloze 3(2017届山西省太原市高三第三次模拟)
体裁
文章话题
词数
建议时间
难度
自测正确率
说明文
着装的注意事项
194
10分钟
★★★☆☆
With the development of modern society and high technology, children wear more and more beautiful and fashionable clothes. More children? 1 (allow) to choose their favorite clothes, which is? 2 relatively new trend. Many years ago, children had to suffer the whims(突发奇想)of adults as far as clothes were concerned. Like? 3 (adult) clothes, children’s clothes followed fashions as well. About 120 years? 4 , boys in Europe and America wore white ankle-length dresses, just like their sisters, until they? 5 (reach) the age of five. Older boys from wealthy? 6 (family) were then dressed in pretty velvet(丝绒) suits? 7 lace collars. Their hair was grown to shoulder length? 8 longer. For many unlucky boys, these carefully planned and organized costumes were nor reserved for special occasions; they had to wear the same? 9 (restrict)and uncomfortable outfits for everyday play. Clean and proper clothes say that the person has both self-respect and respect for other people. Clothing can tell quite a lot about the person, sometimes more than we would like to reveal. So we should pay more attention to? 10 (wear) proper clothes in different occasions.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
【文章大意】文章讲述了在西方，孩子们服装的发展，同时说明了着装的注意事项。
1.are allowed
2.a
【解析】考查冠词。此处指“一种比较新的趋势”，relatively是辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
3.adults
【解析】考查名词。句意：如同成年人的衣服，孩子们的服装也紧跟时尚。此处用名词作定语。故填adults。
4.ago
【解析】考查副词。“time+ago”指“多长时间之前”。故填ago。
5.reached
【解析】考查时态。根据时间状语“About 120 years ago”可知，谓语用一般过去时态。故填reached。
6.families
【解析】考查名词。此处指“来自富有家庭的大一点的男孩子”，根据事实逻辑，应该用复数。故填families。
7.with
8.or
【解析】考查连词。此处指“他们的头发到达肩部或者更长一些”。故填or。
9.restrictive
【解析】考查形容词。与uncomfortable相并列，此处用形容词来修饰名词outfits。故填restrictive。
10.wearing
【解析】考查非谓语。短语pay attention to…中，to是介词，后面跟名词或动名词。故填wearing。
备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈
专题13 冲关真题训练
题组一
Cloze 1(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅱ )
话题
词数
难度
参考用时
正确率
地铁的最初发展史
201
★★★☆☆
10分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67 every day.21教育网
Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the 69 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most 70 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地铁的最初发展史。
61.crowds
【解析】考查名词，此处表示复数概念，crowd前没有冠词，且它是可数名词，故填crowds。
62.from
【解析】考查介词，to and from来回，故填from。
63.laying
【解析】考查动词，这里是由and连接的三个动词-ing形式，故填laying。
64.the
【解析】考查名词，top是名词，前要用冠词，故填the.
65.were used
【解析】考查被动语态，此处表示过去的被动，故填were used。
66.fairly
67.it
【解析】考查代词，这里用it指代前句的railway,故填it。
68.managed
【解析】考查动词，此处表示过去的情况，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed。
69.introduction
【解析】考查词性转换，空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名词introduction。
70.successful
【解析】考查形容词，空格前是most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful。
Cloze 2（2017·新课标全国Ⅲ)
话题
词数
难度
参考用时
正确率
学业和诱人的职业面前如何选择
215
★★★☆☆
11分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6500 a day as 62 model in New York. 21cnjy.com
Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).www.21-cn-jy.com
She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture. 【出处：21教育名师】
Sarah says, ＂My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.＂
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择，她认为在青少年时期要把学业放在首位。
61. resting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定短语：spend time doing sth花费时间做某事。
62. a
【解析】考查冠词。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指 ＂一个＂，故填a。
63. was told / has been told
64. who
【解析】考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sarah，指人，要用who。
65. to prove
【解析】考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。
66. education
【解析】考查词形转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该接名词形式。
67. invitations
【解析】考查名词单复数。several修饰可数名词复数形式，故填invitations。
68. in
【解析】考查介词。in表示＂在某方面＂，获得某项学位 ＂get a degree in…＂。
69. comes
【解析】考查动词。根据语境可知Sarah认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。
70. certainly
【解析】考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词形式，故填certainly。
Cloze 3（2017·浙江卷）
话题
词数
难度
参考用时
正确率
结婚戒指失而复得
206
★★★☆☆
11分钟
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.21世纪教育网版权所有
Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house. ＂She thought I had hurt 59 (I),＂says Pahlsson. 21·cn·jy·com
Sixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. ＂I gave up hope of finding my ring again,＂ she says. She never replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lena Pahlsson在花园里拔胡萝卜时，找到了丢失已久的结婚戒指的故事。2·1·c·n·j·y
56. carrots
【解析】考查名词。根据＂a handful of ＂可知要用carrot的复数形式，故填carrots。
57. shiny/shining
【解析】考查形容词。a为冠词，object为名词，横线处应填写形容词。故填shiny或shining。
58. so
59. myself
【解析】考查代词。主语为I，横线处为宾语，根据语境可知这里指她以为＂我＂弄伤了自己。故填myself。
60. earlier
【解析】考查形容词。这里指早在十六年前，故填earlier。
61. to cook
【解析】考查动词不定式。一个句子不能出现双重谓语，所以此处要用不定式作目的状语。故填to cook。
62. searched
【解析】考查动词时态。根据＂but turned up nothing＂可知这里是叙述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，故填searched。21·世纪*教育网
63. swept
【解析】考查动词。ring与sweep之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。故填swept。
64. where
65. a
【解析】考查冠词。wonder是可数名词的单数形式，且此处表示泛指，因此其前应加不定冠词a。故填a。
题组二
Cloze1(2016·新课标全国卷I )
话题
词数
难度
参考用时
正确率
成都大熊猫基地的所见所闻
197
★★★☆☆
10分钟
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61 (attract).2-1-c-n-j-y
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62 （allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.21教育名师原创作品
On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 69 ( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 70 other is with mum-she never suspects.21*cnjy*com
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为特邀人员在四川成都的大熊猫基地的所见所闻。
61. attraction
【解析】考查词性转换。但对于像我一样的游客，熊猫是成都最吸引人的事物。由形容词性物主代词its以及形容词top可知此处应该填动词attract的名词形式attraction，意为＂吸引人之物＂。
62. was allowed
【解析】考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语I与动词allow之间存在被动关系，且前一句的＂was＂表明此处应用一般过去时，故填was allowed。
63. officially
【解析】考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词，所以填officially。
64.to
【解析】考查介词。go back to是固定搭配，意为＂追溯到＂。
65.when
66. permitted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，permit与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故填过去分词permitted作后置定语，相当于that/who was permitted。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
67. introducing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词include后需跟动名词作宾语，所以此空填introducing。
68. its
【解析】考查代词。由语境及后面的名词mother可知，此空应该填it的形容词性物主代词its。
69. days
【解析】考查名词。由few修饰可数名词复数可知，此空填days。 every few days是＂每隔几天＂的意思。21*cnjy*com
70.the
【解析】考查冠词。这里【解析】考查的是one...the other...这一固定搭配，意为＂一个……另一个……
Cloze 2(2016·新课标全国卷II )
话题
词数
难度
参考用时
正确率
如何合理释放压力
190
★★★☆☆
11分钟
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形。
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of 61 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 43 (be) often acceptable.
Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 69 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 70 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
【语篇解读】本文属于说明，告诉我们当工作压力太大的时候，应该怎么做来合理释放压力。
61. greater
【解析】考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及下文的＂and less importance＂可知，此处应用形容词的比较级来修饰importance，故填greater。
62. achievement
【解析】考查词性转换。首先处理最重要的工作以便你能感到一种真实的成就感。介词后接名词，a real sense of achievement意为＂一种真实的成就感＂。
63.is
64.on
【解析】考查介词。我们中的大多数人在早上的时候会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于我们的工作。固定短语be focused on 意为＂集中于……＂。故填on。
65.as
【解析】考查连词。因此，早点儿开始并且在午饭前要尽可能高效。固定结构as…as possible意为＂尽可能……＂。
66.studies
【解析】考查名词复数。最新的研究表明，如果我们有规律地短暂休息的话，我们在工作中会变得高效得多。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词为show，为复数形式，且study作＂研究，调查＂讲时为可数名词，故主语应为复数。故填studies。
67.regularly
【解析】考查词性转换。副词修饰谓语动词take，故填regularly＂有规律地＂。
68.a
【解析】考查冠词。固定短语for a while意为＂一会儿＂。
69.to bring
70.make
【解析】考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，but连接两个并列分句。其中第二个分句中，whatever引导让步状语从句，其后为祈使句充当主句。故填make。
Cloze 3(2016·新课标全国卷III )
话题
词数
难度
参考用时
正确率
筷子的悠久历史及文化内涵
195
★★★☆☆
11分钟
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In much of Asia, especially the so-called ＂rice bowl＂ cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 61 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.【版权所有：21教育】
Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 62 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 63 (create) special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 64 (use) twigs(树枝)to remove it. Over time, 65 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 66 (gradual) turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 67 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 68 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 69 (be) too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 70 their hands.
【语篇解读】本文介绍了筷子的材质与中国使用筷子的悠久历史及文化内涵。
61.and
【解析】考查并列连词。分析句子结构及语境可知，Vietnam与空前的＂China， Japan， Korea＂之间是并列关系，故填并列连词and。
62.be made
【解析】考查被动语态。此处指真正雅致的筷子可能是由金和银做成的。根据make与句子主语Truly elegant chopsticks之间是动宾关系及空前的＂might＂可知，此处应填be made。
63.to create
【解析】考查非谓语动词。熟练的工人也会把各种各样的硬木和金属组合起来以创作独特的设计。根据句意可知此处应用不定式作目的状语。
64.using
【解析】考查非谓语动词。use与其逻辑主语People之间是主谓关系，故此处用现在分词作状语。
65.as/when
66.gradually
【解析】考查副词。应用副词修饰动词，故用 gradually。
67.who
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Confucius，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。
68.development
【解析】考查名词。根据空前的＂the＂及空后的＂of＂可知，此处应填名词development。
69.were
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的＂believed＂可知，此处描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时；从句主语为knives，谓语动词应用复数。故填were。www-2-1-cnjy-com
70.with
【解析】考查介词。此处指大部分人用手吃饭，故填with。
备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈
专题13 语法填空
1. 考纲解读，知己知彼
新课标全国卷语法填空题，是2014年开始实施的，到2017年，已经连续考了四年。根据《2018年高考英语科全国卷考纲说明》，对语法填空题型约定了命题素材为短文形式。要求如下：在一篇200词左右的语言材料中留出10个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生，阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2015—2017年高考新课标全国卷语法填空考点统计
年份
有提示词类试题
无提示词类试题
特殊句式及固定搭配
谓语
动词
非谓语动词
派生词
比较等级
其他
冠词
名词
介词
代词
情态动词
形容副词
并列连词
状语从句
名词从句
定语从句
特殊句式
固定
搭配
2017年全国卷I
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2017全国卷II
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
2016年全国卷I
1
2
0
0
0
1
2
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
2016年全国卷II
2
1
2
1
1
3
2015年全国卷I
2
2
1
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
2015年全国卷II
1
3
3
0
2
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
【考情分析】
从统计表可以看出，语法填空题主要考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。根据具体语境，借助词法、句法、特殊句式以及固定搭配进行考査，体现了＂考查实词为主，考查虚词为辅＂的命题原则。
1.有提示词类试题比重大。表中统计表明，高考试题中语法填空题有提示词类试题均占考查总量的70%。
2.动词为重中之重。谓语动词和非谓语动词用法为必考点。
3.派生词用法为必考点。以上四套试题中语法填空题均考查了派生词的用法。
4.考查特殊句式及固定搭配的用法。
2. 题型解读，了然于胸
语法填空题设空10个，大致有如下特点：
（1）有提示词的为7个空，无提示词为3个空；
（2）有提示词一般考查：动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词（人称代词、物主代词）等；
（3）无提示词一般考查：冠词、介词、连词、代词（不定代词）等；
3. 考点剖析，游刃有余
具体策略：我们一一分析，以便对症下药。
第一部分 有提示词题目的解题技巧
有提示词题目是指＂使用括号中词语的正确形式填空＂这类题，近年来的高考题只考查谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、词类转化等四种情况。21教育网
一、 谓语动词
【解题技巧】
当句子缺少谓语动词时， 括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时，要根据语境确定用哪种时态，根据主语与该动词的主动或被动关系确定用主动语态还是用被动语态。具体解题技巧如下：21cnjy.com
第一步：确定句中是否缺谓语或并列谓语，如缺谓语动词，则填谓语动词。
第二步：若为谓语动词，就要看主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系，以确定用主动语态还是被动语态，同时还要根据语境考虑用哪种时态。21·cn·jy·com
第三步：要注意主谓一致。
二、非谓语动词
【解题技巧】
当句中已有谓语动词又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列，该动词就是非谓语动词。
此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式。如作主语或宾语，就用动名词 (表一般意义)或不定式形式(表具体意义)；作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，用不定式；作伴随状语或作定语，要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词或过去分词；有时也要根据句式搭配来确定，如see/hear/ notice sb.do/doing sth., spend...doing sth.等。具体解题技巧如下：www.21-cn-jy.com
第一步：若句中已有谓语，也不是作并列谓语时，应为非谓语动词。
第二步：根据非谓语动词在句中所作句子成分、句式的特殊要求，或某些词语的特殊要求，确定用哪种非谓语动词形式。如作目的状语一般用不定式，作主语或宾语用-ing形式或不定式，在enjoy, finish等动词后作宾语用-ing形式，在decide, refuse等动词后作宾语要用不定式等等。
第三步：确定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是主动还是被动关系。
第四步：根据非谓语动词的动作与谓语动词的动作发生的先后关系确定用一般式还是用完成式。
三、形容词和副词的比较级或最高级
形容词作定语，形容词和副词的比较等级或最高级，词义比较等。
【解题技巧】
当括号中所给词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语境，理解句意，若该词意思不变，逻辑上讲得通，就很可能填该词的比较级(或最高级)；若需要用与该词意义相反的词逻辑才通顺的，就要在该词前加表示否定或相反意义的前缀。注意：要善于分析语境，辨别省略了than...的隐性比较级。具体解题技巧如下：2·1·c·n·j·y
第一步：分析结构，确定所给词在句子中作定语还是状语。
第二步：根据结构、语境或句子意义确定是填比较级还是最高级。
四、词类转换
【解题技巧】
当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需要词类转化。我们可据以下3条规则顺利解题：
(1)作主语或宾语用名词形式；(2)作定语、表语或补足语用形容词形式；(3)修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，作状语，用副词形式。具体解题技巧如下：21世纪教育网版权所有
第一步：分析结构，确定要填的词在句中充当哪种句子成分。在名词前作定语、在系动词后作表语、作主语和宾语的补足语，一般要用形容词；修饰动词、形容词或副词，或修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词；作主语或宾语用名词，或者在冠词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格后，用名词。
第二步：根据构词法将括号中的词变成所需要的词类。
注意：
1. 有时不但要注意词性转换，而且还要考虑用表示相反意义的前缀或后缀， 其逻辑意义才通顺；
2. 当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时， 无需改变词性， 就可能是加只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀了。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
第二部分 无提示词题目的解题技巧
无提示词题目指的是＂在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）＂这类题，五年来，这类题只考代词、冠词、关联词和介词。那么什么情况下填代词？何时填冠词？何时填关联词？ 何时填介词呢？
一、代词
【解题技巧】
当句子缺主语或宾语时，填代词：人称代词主格和宾格、指示代词或it。因为充当主语或宾语的应是名词或代词，而在语法填空的纯空格中一般是不要求考生填名词的，所以只要句子缺主语或宾语，就填代词。此时，要根据前后语境，看该空格是指人还是事物，指男还是指女，是单数还是复数。除人称代词外，也有可能是填不定代词等。还有可能是填作形式主语或形式宾语的it，替代后面作真正的主语或宾语的不定式、动名词或从句。解题技巧如下：21·世纪*教育网
第一步：分析句子结构。若句子缺主语，则要填代词主格、指示代词、不定代词或it；若动词或介词后面缺宾语，则要填代词的宾格、指示代词、不定代词或it。如果该宾格与主语是同一人，应用反身代词。2-1-c-n-j-y
第二步：理解句子意思。根据各个代词的意义和用法，以及句子所需的意义，填入合适的代词。
二、限定词
【解题技巧】
在作主语、宾语或表语的名词或＂形容词＋名词＂前，一般要用限定词。
限定词是指冠词、形容词性物主代词，或可以作定语的不定代词等。此时，要根据句子的意思来确定空格的语境意义，由此来判断具体填什么词。如表示特指，大体相当于＂这、这些、那、那些＂时用the；表示＂一(个、本、座……)＂时用不定冠词a或an；表示＂某人的＂，用物主代词；表示＂一些＂用some，表示＂另一个＂用another，表示＂其他的＂用other等。解题技巧如下：【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
第一步：分析句子结构。若空格后的名词或者＂形容词＋名词＂前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、冠词等限定词时，很可能是填限定词。【版权所有：21教育】
第二步：理解句子意思。根据所需意义选择恰当的限定语，如需＂一(个、座、次……)＂填不定冠词，需
＂某人的＂填物主代词，需＂其它的＂填other。
三、介词
【解题技巧】
当空格后的名词、代词或动名词不是作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，填介词。因为名词和代词最典型的用法是作主语或宾语，既然不作主语和动词的宾语，就应是作介词的宾语了，所以要填介词。具体填什么介词，由介词与该名词的搭配及其意义来决定，也可能是由动词或谓语与介词的句式搭配来决定。具体解题技巧如下：21教育名师原创作品
第一步：若空格后是名词、代词、动名词或what从句，且他们不是作主语或作动词的宾语时，很可能就是填介词。21*cnjy*com
第二步：根据具体的语境或空格所在的句子意思来确定填哪个介词。
四、关联词
【解题技巧】
当空格前后都是句子(一个主谓关系算一个句子)，且这两个句子之间没有关联词时，填关联词；若并列的两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，填表示联合、选择、转折等意义的连词(and/but/so/or)；从属句间常依据句子的属性是名词性从句、形容词性从句还是副词性从句来确定其关联词。具体解题技巧如下：
第一步：分析结构，若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连接词，空格必填连接词(此处的连接词包括并列连词，如：and, but, or, while, so, for等；引导状语从句的从属连词；引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词；引导名词性从句的连接代词、连接副词和连词that, if, whether)。
第二步：根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或根据句式结构来确定是并列结构还是某种主从复合句。
第三步：若是主从复合句，要根据从句的特点，结合连词的意义和作用，确定填具体的某个连接词。
解题策略
语法填空题设空设空大致有如下特点：
无提示词一般考查：冠词、介词、连词、代词、助动词、固定搭配等
有提示词一般考查：谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词等。
具体策略：
(一)给出动词基本形态，填写词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词)，或填写谓语部分，或是填写非谓语动词；
(二)给出词语，词性的变化，如名词、动词、形容词、副词之间的转化，名词的复数形式，给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写反义词(前缀)；
(三)给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词；
(四)不给词语填写限定词的时候，很可能是填冠词、人称代词主格宾格形式，物主代词、反身代词的单复数形式。形容词性物主代词或some、any、other、another等限定词；有的名词前有限定词，比如：序数词，形容词的最高级等，其前用定冠词。
【典例】
（2017年新课标卷I）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.【出处：21教育名师】
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food ___67___ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会受到损害。
61. as
62. effects
【解析】考查单复数。分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”，根据前文的some可知“side effect”(副作用)有很多，故填effects。
63. to process
【解析】考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物。require表示“要求”，require sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.”(某人被要求做某事)。故填to process。
64. are removed
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉。分析可知fat，salt和move之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是两种东西，且是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填are removed。
65. a
【解析】考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果”。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。
66. worse
【解析】考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。
67. is
68. eating
【解析】考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词、动名词，所以填eating。www-2-1-cnjy-com
69. careful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词作表语，故填careful。
70. which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话。21*cnjy*com
