(共32张PPT)
八年级下
Passive voice in
the simple present
and past tenses
hand out
hold
set
set up
分发，提出
vt. 举行
vt.&vi. 创建，建立
建起，设立
Words & phrases review
Objectives
To learn the use of passive voice in the simple present tense
To learn the use of passive voice in the simple past tense
To learn to use the passive voice
A lot of the furniture is made of wood. (七下U4)
These are connected to cables under the street. (七下U6)
My arms, legs and hair was tied to the ground. (八下U4)
The plane is used as a training centre. (P94)
Local doctors and nurses are invited on board to learn about operations. (P94)
During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on. (P95)
More money is needed to carry on with our work. (P95)
was tied
1. A lot of the furniture __________ wood.
2. These ___________ to cables under the street.
3. My arms, legs and hair _________ to the ground.
4. The plane ________ as a training centre.
5. Local doctors and nurses __________ on board to learn about operations.
6. During my last visit, 150 patients ______ _________ on.
7. More money __________ to carry on with our work.
is used
are invited
were
operated
is needed
go
Ready
is made of
are connected
1. — Where _______ the 2014 APEC meeting ________ — In Beijing. Chinese President Xi Jinping attended the meeting. A. did; hold B. was; held C. was; holding D. was; taken place
2. — Hi, Jack. Did you go to Jim’s birthday party yesterday — No, I felt so sad. I _______. A. didn’t invite B. wasn’t invited C. am not invited D. haven’t invited
3. — I am worried about the animals in the animal centre. — You needn’t. All the animals ________ there. A. are take care of B. take good care of C. are taken good care of D. take good care
4. — My cousin has decided to teach in a Hope Primary School. — That’s great. Teachers _______ very much there. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的接受者。
我们种树。
We plant trees.
树是由我们种的。
Trees are planted by us.
B. 被动语态 (the Passive Voice)
A. 主动语态 (the Active Voice)
英语动词有两种语态：
什么情况使用被动语态？什么情况使用主动语态？
主动语态 强调动作的发出者/执行者 强调某人做了什么
被动语态 强调动作的承受者 强调某事/某物如何
主动语态
Many people speak English.
English is spoken by many people.
S
V
O
动作执行者
动作
动作接受者
动作执行者
动作
动作接受者
被动语态
主动语态变为被动语态： 把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语(如果是人称代词，宾格变主格)，主动句中的谓语变为被动结构，主动句中的主语变为介词by的宾语(by介词短语可省略)。
被动语态的构成为:
am
is
are
+及物动词
的过去分词
主语+
+(by +
动作执行者）
be+动词的过去分词
一般现在时的被动语态：
一般过去时的被动语态：
was
were
+及物动词
的过去分词
主语+
+(by +
动作执行者）
More examples:
1. This song is still loved by many young people today.
2. This camera is not made in Japan.
3. — Is the film called Snow White
— Yes, it is. /No, it isn’t.
4. Liu Xiang’s ability in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping.
5. —Was the cup broken by Tom
—Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t.
encourage sb. to do sth.，allow sb. to do sth.等不定式作宾语补足语的结构在被动语态中如何处理呢？
The school encouraged Liu Xiang to train for the high jump.
Liu Xiang was encouraged (by the school) to train for the high jump.
S
V.
O.
宾补
give sb. sth., lend sb. sth.等含双宾语的结构在被动语态中如何处理呢？
①将间接宾语变为主语, 直接宾语保持不变。
②将直接宾语变为主语, 间接宾语前须有介词(一般是for或to)。
如：
He gave me a book.
I was given a book by him.
The book was given to me by him.
注意：在主动语态中,动词make, let, see, hear, feel, watch, find, notice 等后接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语，但变成被动语态时，后面要加to。
如：
I heard him sing in the next school.
He was heard to sing in the next school.
The man makes the boy do his homework.
The boy is made to do his homework (by the man).
are handed out to people in the street by volunteers
are sold to raise money
are planned to help the poor
were sent to children in poor areas by the Class 1, Grade 8 students
were collected for poor people
was held by the Students’ Union
was sent up
was opened
are sold
is used
is called
was started
were given
are built
一般现在时 一般过去时
肯定句 主语+am/is/are+过去分词+(by-) 主语+ was/were +过去分词+(by-)
否定句 主语+am/is/are not+过去分词+(by-) 主语+ was/were not+过去分词+ (by-)
一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+(by-) Was/ Were +主语+过去分词+(by-)
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+过去分词+(by-) 特殊疑问词+ was/were +主语+过去分词+(by-)
被动语态的各类句式总结：
请点击
1. A cook will lose his job if he _______ smoking in the kitchen. (2015 海南)
A. finds B. found C. is found
2. You can’t wear shoes inside this place. It ______. (2015 江西南昌)
A. doesn’t allow B. isn’t allowed
C. hasn’t allowed D. wasn’t allowed
3. Our new library ____ last year. We enjoy reading and studying in it.
(2015重庆)
A. builds B. built
C. is built D. was built
4. — Mike, I looked for you everywhere
last night.
— Oh, I ____ to the party.
(2015 四川广安)
A. am invited B. invited
C. invite D. was invited
5. Every day, too much water _______ in our school. We should save it. (2014陕西) A. is wasted B. wastes C. was wasted D. wasted 6. Three bridges ________ over the river five years ago. (2014山东临沂) A. built B. build C. were built D. are built
7. Keep quiet, please! Talking _______ during the meeting. (2014重庆) A. is not allowed B. is allowed C. doesn’t allow D. allows
8. — Tom! I looked for you everywhere at the party last night. — Oh, I ______ to the party.
(2014山东威海) A. am invited B. was invited C. am not invited D. wasn’t invited 9. — ______ free breakfasts _______ in all schools in China — No, not yet. Only in the rural areas. (2014云南昆明 ) A. Are; made B. Do; serve C. Are; served D. Do; make
10. — “Frog”, Mo Yan’s latest novel, please!
— Sorry, it ____ just now. But it will come out again soon. (2013江苏泰州)
A. sold out B. is sold out
C. has sold out D. was sold out
11. — What languages ____ in that country
— German and English. (2013天津)
A. are speaking B. are spoken
C. speak D. is spoken
12. You are _______ to type quickly when talking to each other on QQ so the other person doesn’t get bored.
(2013 山东菏泽)
A. suggested B. supported C. taught D. supposed
用所给动词的适当形式完成对话。 Andy: Wendy, do you know who the man is in the photo Wendy: Don’t you know this man He is Meng Fei, a famous host. He (1) _________ (like) by millions of people around China. The famous TV show, “If You Are the One”, (2) _________ (host) by him. Andy: I see. The show (3) ________ (talk) about so often. But why is he holding two footballs in his hands Wendy: Well, the photo (4) ________ (take) in Italy about one year ago. You know, football (5) _________ (think) to be the most popular game in Italy.
is liked
is hosted
is talked
was taken
is thought
Andy: Is Meng Fei a football fan, too Wendy: Yeah. He (6) __________ (see) to watch a football match in the Olympic Centre last month. Andy: I hear that Meng Fei has written an autobiography (自传). Wendy: Yes. It (7) __________ (call) Take Things As They Are. All the 40 articles in the autobiography (8) ___________ (write) by Meng Fei himself. The book (9) ____________ (publish) in 2011. Andy: Is it a bestseller (畅销书 ) Wendy: Of course. 800 thousand copies (10) ____________ (sell) in 2011 alone
was seen
is called
were written
was published
were sold
1. 去年这个村子建了一座新木桥。
2. 每天早晨各种各样的蔬菜被人们用卡车
运到城里。
All kinds of vegetables ______ _______ to the cities by trucks every morning.
A new wood bridge ______ _______ in the village last year.
was built
are carried
翻译句子。
3. 昨天有人给了我一支钢笔。
4. 昨晚我们听见这个男孩在隔壁房间唱歌。
5. 这艘轮船在大连生产。
I _______ _____ a pen yesterday.
The boy ______ _______ to sing that song in the next room last night.
This ship ______ ________ in Dalian.
was heard
was given
is produced
1. Finish the exercises in Learning English.
2. Preview Integrated skills.实战中考
1. A cook will lose his job if he _______ to smoke in the kitchen. (2015 海南)
A. finds B. found C. is found
2. You can’t wear shoes inside this place. It ______. (2015 江西南昌)
A. doesn’t allow B. isn’t allowed
C. hasn’t allowed D. wasn’t allowed
3. Our new library ____ last year. We enjoy reading and studying in it. (2015重庆)
A. builds B. built
C. is built D. was built
4. — Mike, I looked for you everywhere last night.
— Oh, I ____ to the party. (2015 四川广安)
A. am invited B. invited
C. invite D. was invited
5. Every day, too much water _______ in our school. We should save it. (2014陕西)
A. is wasted B. wastes
C. was wasted D. wasted
6. Three bridges ________ over the river five years ago. (2014山东临沂)
A. built B. build
C. were built D. are built
7. Keep quiet, please! Talking _______ during the meeting. (2014重庆)
A. is not allowed B. is allowed
C. doesn’t allow D. allows
8. — Tom! I looked for you everywhere at the party last night.
— Oh, I ______ to the party. (2014山东威海)
A. am invited B. was invited
C. am not invited D. wasn’t invited
9. — ______ free breakfasts _______ in all schools in China
— No, not yet. Only in the rural areas. (2014云南昆明 )
A. Are; made B. Do; serve
C. Are; served D. Do; make
10. — “Frog”, Mo Yan’s latest novel, please!
— Sorry, it ____ just now. But it will come out again soon. (2013江苏泰州)
A. sold out B. is sold out
C. has sold out D. was sold out
11. — What languages ____ in that country
— German and English. (2013天津)
A. are speaking B. are spoken
C. speak D. is spoken
12. You are _______ to type quickly when talking to each other on QQ so the other person doesn’t get bored.
(2013 山东菏泽)
A. suggested B. supported C. taught D. supposed
用所给动词的适当形式完成对话。
Andy: Wendy, do you know who the man is in the photo
Wendy: Don’t you know this man He is Meng Fei, a famous host. He (1) _________ (like) by millions of people around China. The famous TV show, “If You Are the One”, (2) _________ (host) by him.
Andy: I see. The show (3) ________ (talk) about so often. But why is he holding two footballs in his hands
Wendy: Well, the photo (4) ________ (take) in Italy about one year ago. You know, football (5) _________ (think) to be the most popular game in Italy.
Andy: Is Meng Fei a football fan, too
Wendy: Yeah. He (6) __________ (see) to watch a football match in the Olympic Centre last month.
Andy: I hear that Meng Fei has written an autobiography (自传).
Wendy: Yes. It (7) __________ (call) Take Things As They Are. All the 40 articles in the
autobiography (8) ___________ (write) by Meng Fei himself. The book (9) ____________ (publish) in 2011.
Andy: Is it a bestseller (畅销书 )
Wendy: Of course. 800 thousand copies (10) ____________ (sell) in 2011 alone
翻译句子。
1. 去年这个村子建了一座新木桥。
A new wood bridge ___ ____ in the village last year.
2. 每天早晨各种各样的蔬菜被人们用卡车运到城里。
All kinds of vegetables ___ ______ to the cities by trucks every morning.
3. 昨天有人给了我一支钢笔。
I ___ _____ a pen yesterday.
4. 昨晚我们听见这个男孩在隔壁房间唱歌。
The boy __ _____ to sing that song in the next room last night.
5. 这艘轮船在大连生产。
This ship __ ________ in Dalian.
