2017-2018学年高二英语人教版（选修8）Unit2 Cloning Learning about Language & Using Language
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| 名称 | 2017-2018学年高二英语人教版（选修8）Unit2 Cloning Learning about Language & Using Language |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2018-04-16 09:44:36 | ||
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Unit2 Cloning
2.2 Learning about Language & Using Language
重点单词 1．__________ n．宪法，章程2．__________ adj．必须做的，义务的，强制的3．__________ vt．欠……；归功于…… →____________ 因为，由于4．__________ vt．打扰，打搅→近义词：__________ 打扰，打断5．__________ n．假定，设想 →__________ v．假定，设想6．__________ n．规则，规章7．__________ (v．) 打；撞击；罢工→__________ (过去式) →______________ (过去分词)8．__________ (adj．)虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的 →__________ (n．)自负；虚荣心；无意义9．__________ (vt．)抵抗、对抗→__________ (n．)→__________ (adj．)10．__________ (adv．)仅；只；不过11．__________ (n．)装饰→__________ (vt．)12．________ (vt．)崇拜；爱慕；喜爱 →__________ (n．)崇拜者；赞美者；热爱者13．__________ (adj．)合情理的；讲道理的；公道的 →__________(n．)理由；道理
重要短语 1．______________ 把……归功于……2．________________ 一定或注定……3．________________ 麻烦去干某事4．end in failure _________________5．look back on _________________6．develop a disease _________________7．put sth．to sleep _________________8．(be) bound to (do)... _________________9．strike...into one's heart _________________10．用/对某物进行实验 _________________11．不时，偶尔 _________________12．使复生；使复活 _________________13．白费力气；枉费心机 _________________14．把……传给…… ___________________15．状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏) ___________________
关键句型 1．________________ her family，and especially her nephew，her niece Daisy is very honest about her opinions． 与她的家人，尤其是她的侄子相比，她的侄女黛西对自己的观点是非常坦 率的。2. However，____________ she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists． 但是，后来她染上严重肺病问题又使科学家们感到忧虑。 3. Diversity in a group means having animals _________________________． 群体的多样性是指这群动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。4. So ____________________________________ is merely a dream！ 所以说恐龙回归地球的可能性仅仅是个梦想罢了！5. It ________ unfair to clone any extinct animals if they ________ to live in a zoo． 任何绝种的动物，如果一经克隆便注定要生活在动物园里的话，那是不公 平的。
【答案】
重点单词
1. constitution 2. compulsory 3. owe; owing to 4. bother; interrupt 5. assumption; assume
6. regulation 7. strike；struck；struck/stricken 8. vain；vanity 9. resist；resistance；resistant 10. merely 11. decoration；decorate 12. adore；adorer
13. reasonable；reason
重要单词
1. owe...to... 2. be bound to do 3. bother to do sth． 4. 以失败告终 5. 回顾
6. 患病 7. 使（动物）无痛苦地死去 8. 一定或注定（做） 9. 使……刻骨铭心
10. experiment with/on sth 11. from time to time 12. bring back to life 13. in vain
14. pass on...to... 15. in good/poor condition
关键句型
1．Compared with 2．the problem that 3. with their genes arranged in different ways
4. the chances of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth 5. would be；were
之单词篇
1. owe vt．欠(钱，账，人情等)；把……归功于；归功于……
owe sb．sth．＝owe sth．to sb．欠某人某物
owe sth．to sb．/sth．把某事归功于某人/某物
owe it to sb．that...把……归功于某人
Have you paid me back the money you owed me yet？你欠我的钱还给我了吗？
I owe you an apology for my rudeness last night．
昨天晚上我太粗暴了，应该向你道歉。
I owe it to you that I am still alive．幸亏有你我现在才仍然活着。
He owes his success to his hard work．他把自己的成功归功于辛勤的劳动。
【知识拓展】
owing to 由于；因为
表示“由于，因为”的短语：thanks to，due to，
because of，on account of，as a result of
They decided to postpone the trip，owing to the change of the weather．
由于天气变化，他们决定延期启程。
注意：due to一般不位于句首。
【语境记忆】
Owing to his parents' support，he went to a famous university. He owed his success to his parents，so he thought he owed a lot to his parents.
由于得到他父母的支持，他考上了一所重点大学。他把他的成功归功于他的父母，因为他认为他欠他父母很多。
【跟踪典例】
(1)完成句子
①We still __________ __________ __________ for those repairs.
我们还欠他一百美元的修理费。
②I __________ my progress of music __________ my mother.
我把在音乐上所取得的进步归功于我妈妈。
③Was it __________ __________ bad weather that they had to change the schedule of leaving
是由于恶劣的天气，他们才不得不改变离开的时间的吗？
(2)用恰当词语填空
I owe a debt of gratitude ________ his family so I'll do my best to help them whenever they are in trouble．
2. bother vt．打扰；使担忧；使烦恼n．[U]麻烦；[C]令人烦恼的事/人
I am sorry to bother you，but can you tell me the time？对不起，打扰了，请问现在几点？
Don't bother him with it now；he's very busy. 现在不要拿这个东西去打扰他，他很忙。
Does it bother you that she earns more than you？她比你挣的钱多，你是不是觉得不自在？
It bothers me to think of her alone in that big house．想到她孤零零地待在那个大房子里我便坐立不安。
I didn't want to put you to any bother．我不想给你添乱。
I hope I haven't been a bother．希望我没打扰你。
【知识拓展】
bother to do sth．费心去做某事
bother about sth．为某事烦恼
bother sb．with sth．为某事麻烦某人
be sorry to bother you，but...很抱歉打扰你一下，但是……
put sb．to any bother给某人添乱
without any bother毫不费力地
It bothers sb．that/to do sth．使某人苦恼的是……
【易混辨析】bother/disturb/trouble/annoy
这些动词均有“使人不安或烦恼”之意。
(1)bother指使人烦恼而引起的紧张不安或感到不耐烦。
The problem has been bothering me for weeks．
那问题已经困扰了我几个星期。
(2)disturb较正式用词，多用于被动语态。指使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深
的烦恼。
I'm sorry to disturb you so early．对不起，我这么早打扰你。
(3)trouble指给人在行动上带来不便或在身心上造成痛苦。
Losing a little money doesn't trouble me．损失一点钱我并不在意。
(4)annoy强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的打扰或恼怒。
His mother was annoyed with him for being so rude to their neighbors．
他母亲因为他对邻居如此粗暴无礼而生他的气。
【跟踪典例】
(1)用恰当形式填空
Around two o'clock every night，Sue will start talking in her dream．It somewhat ________ (bother)us．
(2)补全句子
①Don't __________ __________ __________ __________； I am doing quite well.
别为我操心，我一切都好。
②He didn't even __________ __________ __________ me know he was coming.
他甚至都没通知我他要来。
③I don't want to __________ __________ __________ my problems at the moment.
此刻我不想让她为我的事情操心。
④I don't want to __________ __________ __________ __________ __________.
我不想给你添乱。
【答案】
（1）bothers 考查动词时态。句意：每天晚上大约两点左右，苏就开始说梦话了，这有点打扰我们。根据
时间状语 every night可知用一般现在时。
（2）①bother yourself about me ②bother to let
③bother her with ④put you to any bother
3. assumption n．假定；设想；承担；担任
make an assumption 假设；认为
on the assumption that...在假定……的情况下
His assumption proved to be correct．他的假设被证明是对的。
We are working on the assumption that the rate of inflation will not increase next year．
我们在假定明年通货膨胀率不增加的情况下工作。
【知识拓展】
assume vt．假定；设想；承担
assume that...假设……
assume office 就职
assume responsibility 承担责任
assume an air/expression of...装出……的样子/表情
assuming that...假定……(作连词用，相当于if)
Assuming that it rains，what should we do？
假定下雨了，我们该怎么办？
【跟踪典例】
选词填空
①The assumption ________ the price of meat would go down before the festival was wrong in fact．(that； which)
②People tend to make ________ about you when you have a disability．(assumptions； the assumption)
③________ we are free next Sunday，what would you like to do？(Assuming that； Assume)
【答案】
①that ②assumptions ③Assuming that
4. strike
（1）v．& n．打；击；撞击；碰撞；袭击；突击
He struck the table with his fist．他用拳头击打桌子。
（2）vi．& n．罢工
The coal miners struck for better safety conditions．煤矿工人通过罢工要求改善安全条件。
（3）vt．突然想到；猛地意识到；打动；给……印象；让……觉得
An awful thought has just struck me．刚才我脑子突然闪过一个可怕的想法。
She strikes me as a very efficient person．在我眼里，她是个很干练的人。
（4）v．(钟)敲；鸣；报时
The church clock just struck twelve．教堂时钟刚刚敲过12点。
【知识拓展】
striker n．罢工的人 striking adj．引人注意的
be/go on strike 罢工
It strikes sb．that...某人突然想起……
strike...into one's heart 使某人感到……
注意：strike可作名词，也可作动词，词义和用法都很丰富，其中作“罢工，突然想到，给……印象”解时的用法是高考常考点；此外，还应注意strike作“打，袭击”时与hit，beat等词的区别。
【易混辨析】beat/hit/strike
beat 强调连续或反复地“打”，因此像心脏跳动、打鼓、打拍子之类连续性或反复性的动作，一般要用beat。
strike 常指“猛地一击”。
hit 侧重指有目标的用力“击中”，有时也指“打一下”。
【图解记忆】
【跟踪典例】
(1)用strike，beat或hit的正确形式填空
①Fortunately，the stone failed to________him．
②He________a match and lighted a candle．
③My heart was________fast．
(2)补全句子
我们队赢得比赛的消息使我们都很兴奋。
The news that our team won the competition________ excitement________our hearts．
5. resist vt．抵抗；对抗；忍住
resist sb．/sth．抵抗/抵制某人/某物
can't/couldn't resist doing sth．禁不住干某事
resist doing sth．抵制干某事
I was not strong enough to resist his offer.
我不够坚定，抵抗不了他的好意。
When she got to the place，she could not resist going(go)in.
她到那里时，禁不住想走进去。
【知识拓展】
be hard/impossible to resist 难以拒绝
resistant adj．抵抗的；有抵抗力的
be resistant to 对……有抵抗力
resistance n．抗拒；反对；抵抗力
【名师点拨】
resist后不可用不定式作宾语，要用名词或动名词。
【跟踪典例】
(1)完成句子
①I don't know________ ________ ________ ________ ________(怎样抑制我的愤怒)。
②I was unable to________ ________(忍不住哭了)．
③The crops are better________ ________ ________(抗病方面更好)．
(2)单句改错
Tom couldn't resist to make jokes about his baldness．
________________________________________________．
之短语篇
1. be bound to(do)...一定或注定(做)……；有义务做某事
Look at the sky．It's bound to rain this afternoon．
看看天空，今天下午一定会下雨。
There are bound to be changes when the new system is introduced．
引进新系统后一定会发生变化。
You've done so much work that you are bound to pass the exam．
你下了这么大的工夫，你一定会通过这次考试的。
I feel bound to tell you that you're drinking too much．
我觉得有必要跟你说，你喝得太多了。
In a group as big as this，you are bound to have disagreements．
在这么大的一群人中，你一定会遇到不同意见。
【知识拓展】
be bound to sth．被束缚于某物；被绑在某物上
be bound (for...) 准备(去……)
be bound up in 热心于；忙于
be bound up with 与……有密切关系
【跟踪典例】
(1)完成句子
①If you read fast every day，you________ ________ ________(一定)improve your English level．
②He________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(热衷于收集古董)these days．
(2)用恰当词语填空
The question is bound________ come up at the meeting．
2. from time to time 不时；偶尔
From time to time a helicopter flew by．空中不时地有直升机飞过。
The food safety accidents happen from time to time．食品安全事故时不时地发生。
While reading the book，he nodded from time to time．他一边看书，一边不时地点头。
【知识拓展】
常见time短语有：
at one time 从前(某个时候)；曾经；一度
at a time 每次；一次 at all times 总是；永远
for the time being 暂时 in no time 很快；立刻
at no time 在任何时候都不；决不
in time 及时；迟早；过了一段时间
at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度
all the time 一直；始终
take one's time 不着急；慢慢来
kill time 消磨时 at the same time 同时
ahead of time 提前；提早 race against time 争分夺秒
time and again 一次又一次；重复地
keep time (钟表)走得准
【跟踪典例】
①Even though the Smiths have moved to a faraway place，we still see them________ ________ ________ ________(不时)．
②He went back from the meeting room________ ________ ________(立刻)．
【答案】①from time to time ②in no time
3. bring back to life 使复生；使复活
It is impossible to bring a dead person back to life．让一个人死而复生是不可能的。
【知识拓展】
bring sb．/sth．to life 使更有趣、更生动；给……以活力；使苏醒
come to life变得活跃；变得有趣；苏醒过来
come to oneself(昏迷后)苏醒过来；醒悟过来
A great actor can bring a character to life．
一个伟大的演员能让角色生动起来。
【跟踪典例】
①In theory，cloning can________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(使一些绝迹的
动物复活)．
②The party________ ________ ________(活跃起来)when he told us the funny story．
【答案】①bring some extinct animals back to life
②came to life
4. in vain 白费力气；枉费心机
He tried to save his son from drowning，but in vain．
他试图救他儿子免于溺死，但是徒然。
All their attempts were in vain．他们所有的尝试都是徒劳。
The police searched in vain for the missing gunman．
警察搜寻那个失踪的持枪歹徒，但徒劳无获。
【名师点津】
in vain“徒劳，白费力气”，用于句首时句子要用倒装结构。
He tried in vain to memorize the poem．
→In vain did he try to memorize the poem．
他怎么背都没办法把那首诗背出来。
【知识拓展】
vain adj．虚荣的；徒劳的；自负的
try in vain to do sth．枉费心机地做某事
They made vain attempts to reach the mountain top．
他们几次尝试登上山顶都失败了。
He tried in vain to stop smoking．他怎么努力也无法戒掉烟。
【跟踪典例】
①翻译句子
过分的赞扬会使人自高自大。
_________________________________________________
②用恰当词语填空
His efforts to raise money for his program were________vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets．
5. in good/poor condition 状况好/差
The house was in poor condition．这所房子状况不佳。
My car is old but in good condition．我的车虽旧，但状况良好。
Keepers said the pandas were in good condition．饲养员说大熊猫的状态良好。
【知识拓展】
on condition that 在……的条件下；倘若……
I will go abroad on condition that I earn enough money．
如果我挣到足够的钱，我就出国。
in condition 健康状况好；保存得好
out of condition 健康状况不好；保存得不好
on this/that condition 在这个/那个条件下
on no condition 一点也不；决不
in good shape (植物)状态良好；(指人)身体健康
注意：condition表示“条件；疾病”时为可数名词；表示“健康状况；
可使用状况”时为不可数名词；表示“形势；环境”时多用复数形式。
【跟踪典例】
用恰当词语填空
①Dr Collins couldn't lead the wildlife research in the tropical forest any longer because his health was in
poor________．
②I agree to his suggestion________the condition that he drops all charges．
之句式篇
1. The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park，in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct
dinosaurs，proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people's hearts．
在《侏罗纪公园》这部影片中，一位科学家克隆了几种已绝种的恐龙。类似《侏罗纪公园》的电影很受
欢迎证明了这一想法让人觉得既恐惧又兴奋。
本句的主干是The popularity...proves...，句中how引导宾语从句；主句中又包含in which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为Jurassic Park。
The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous．
＝The school in which he once studied is very famous．
他曾经就读过的学校很有名。
There are sixty students in our class in all，most of whom are from big cities．
我们班总共有60个学生，大多数来自大城市。
【名师点津】
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句一般根据三个原则来确定介词：
①根据从句的谓语动词；
②根据先行词；
③根据句子意思。
但也有许多考题需要我们把从句补充完整，建立与主句的联系，
才能找到这个介词与句中其他部分的关系。
【跟踪典例】
用恰当词填空
She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction ________ ________had taken more than three years．
2. Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways．
种群多样性是指种群中动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。
(1)本句是简单句，动名词短语having animals...作means的宾语，with复合结构(即“with＋宾语＋宾补”结
构)作后置定语，arrange与their genes为动宾关系。
(2)with复合结构的构成：
with＋宾语(n．/pron．)＋宾补
(3)with复合结构的用法：
作定语
She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides．
她看到一条两岸长着红花和绿草的小溪。
作状语
She left the office with tears in her eyes．
她眼里含着泪，离开了办公室。(表示伴随状况)
With his key lost，he couldn't get into the office．
由于钥匙丢了，他进不了办公室。(表示原因)
The children began to watch TV with the homework done．
孩子们完成作业以后开始看电视。(表示时间)
I'd like to see the new film with time permitting．
如果时间许可，我想看那部新电影。(表示条件)
The battle ended with the enemy defeated．
战斗结束了，敌人被打败了。(表示结果)
【巧学助记】
with 复合结构用法口诀
with结构并不难，with后面宾语连，
动宾关系用过分，主谓关系用现分，
将来要把不定跟，还有三种形副介。
【跟踪典例】
用所给动词的适当形式填空
①With so many essays________(write)，he won't have time to go shopping this morning．
②He felt more uneasy with the whole class________(stare)at him．
③With a growing number of college graduates________ (consider)themselves to belong to the lower levels of society，experts suggest that students lower their expectations of the job market．
【答案】
①to write ②staring
③considering 句意：面对自认处于较低社会层次的大学毕业生人数的增加，专家们建议大学生们应该降低对就业市场的期望值。在with复合结构中，graduates与consider为主动关系，因此用动词 ing形式作宾语补足语。
3. It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were to live in a zoo．
任何绝种的动物，如果一经克隆便注定要生活在动物园里的话，那是不公平的。
本句是虚拟条件句，且表示的是与将来事实相反的假设。虚拟条件句在不同虚拟条件下，主从句谓语形式一览表：
虚拟情况 从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式
与现在事实相反 一般过去时(be动词通常用were) would/should/could/might＋动词原形
与过去事实相反 过去完成时 would/should/could/might＋have done
与将来事实相反 一般过去时或were to＋动词原形或should＋动词原形 would/should/could/might＋动词原形
If it should rain tomorrow，the meeting would be put off．如果明天下雨，会议将延期。
If I had lots of money，I would buy a car．如果我有很多钱，我就买一辆小汽车。
If he had won the game，he would not have been so sad．如果他赢得比赛的话，他就不会那么悲伤。
【名师点津】
若条件从句中含有were，had，should等，可将if去掉，并把were，should或had提到主语前。
Had you studied hard，you would have passed the exam．
如果你努力学的话，你早已通过考试了。
Should I not take the exam tomorrow，I would go for a picnic with you．
如果明天不考试的话，我就和你一起去晚餐。
【跟踪典例】
①We ________ (be)back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map．
②________ (be)there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world．
②Were 考查虚拟语气的倒装。根据主句中的would have to wait可知，空格处应表示对现在情况的假设，故从句用一般过去式；另外，当if从句中含有be动词were及助动词had时，可以把主语和if省略，同时把were或had提前，构成倒装句。句意：如果没有现代化的电信设施的话，我们将不得不等候好几周的时间来获得来自世界各地的消息。
4. Based on what we know now，you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years．
就我们现在所知，你不可能克隆那些已经绝种超过一万年的动物。
过去分词短语based on...作状语。介词on后接what引导的宾语从句。句中that引导定语从句，先行词为animals。过去分词作状语的用法主要有：
①作原因状语，相当于as，since，because引导的从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。
Given advice by the famous detective，the young lady was no longer afraid．(Since/As she was given advice by the famous detective...)有了著名的侦探的指点，这位年轻的女士不再害怕了。
②作时间状语(相当于when引导的状语从句。如果两个动作同时发生，可在分词前用when，while等使其时
间意义更明确。)
When heated，water can be changed into steam. 水加热后可以变成蒸汽。
Discussed (Having been discussed) many times，the problems were settled at last．
在讨论了多次之后，问题终于解决了。(过去分词既表被动又表完成)
Seen from the hill，the park looks very beautiful．从山上看这个公园非常漂亮。(过去分词只表被动)
③作条件和假设状语(相当于if，unless引导的从句)
Given more time，we can finish the task on time．如果被给更多的时间，我们能按时完成这项任务。
④作方式或伴随情况状语
The hunter left his house，followed by his dog．猎人离开了屋子，后面跟着他的狗。
She sat by the window，lost in thought．她坐在窗前，陷入沉思。
【名师点津】
分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致，
否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语(用名词或代词的主格来表示)，
这种结构称为独立主格结构。
All our savings gone，we started looking for jobs．
积蓄全部用完了，我们就开始找工作。
(All our savings gone是含有过去分词的独立主格结构)
He rushed into the room，his face covered with sweat．
他满脸是汗地冲进屋内。
(his face covered with sweat是包含过去分词的独立主格结构)
【跟踪典例】
________(order)over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
5. So the chances of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth is merely a dream！
所以说恐龙回归地球的可能性仅仅是个梦想罢了！
dinosaurs ever returning to the earth 为“动名词的复合结构”，在句中作介词of的宾语。动名词带上自己的逻辑主语，就构成了动名词的复合结构。其逻辑主语一般由物主代词、名词所有格、人称代词的宾格和名词来充当。在口语中，物主代词和名词所有格可分别由人称代词的宾格或名词代替。在句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
Would you mind my/me opening the window？我打开窗子你介意吗？
He insisted on his son's/his son going to college．他坚持让他儿子上大学。
【知识拓展】
(1)动名词复合结构作主语或动名词本身为being时，用“物主代词/名词所有格＋v． ing”
Mary's coming late made her teacher Mr．Smith quite angry．
玛丽的迟到使她的老师史密斯先生非常生气。
(2)动名词的逻辑主语为无生命的东西时，用“普通格＋v． ing”
Is there any hope of our team winning the game？我们的球队有获胜的希望吗？
(3)有生命的名词但表示泛指意义，用“普通格＋v． ing”
Have you ever heard of women playing football？你听说过妇女踢足球的事吗？
(4)两个以上的有生命的名词并列时，用“普通格＋v． ing”
Do you remember my brother and me coming to see you the other day？
你记得我弟弟和我前几天来看你那件事吗？
(5)动名词的逻辑主语为复数名词时，用“普通格＋v． ing”
There are many reasons for animals dying out．
动物灭绝有多种原因。
(6)动名词的逻辑主语被其他成分说明或修饰时，用“普通格＋v． ing”
Have you heard of Miss Gao，our English teacher，going to the USA？
你听说我们的英语教师高老师要去美国吗？
【跟踪典例】
用恰当形式填空
①His________(come)late for class again made his teacher very angry．
②________(the president；attend)the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement．
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．S________afterwards，the police stopped the car and both men were arrested．
2．As students，we should obey school r________．
3．Don't b________him with such silly questions；he is busy receiving foreign guests now．
4．His suggestion sounds quite r________to most of us．
5．I just can't r________chocolate．
6．They have just finished the________(装饰) of their bathroom．
7．It's not necessarily a bad thing to________(崇拜)film stars．
8．The________(最初的) response has been encouraging．
9．One can't learn a language well________(仅仅) by learning rules of its grammar．
10．Our________(设想) that we would win was wrong at last．
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 童年的经历使他对贫穷刻骨铭心。
The experience in his childhood________poverty ________ ________ ________．
2. 古代埃及的法老期望他们的后代使他们复活。
In ancient Egypt Pharaohs expected their future generations to________ ________ ________ ________ ________．
3. 当他长大时，他明白了为什么他有必要不时地去看望父母。
When he grows up he understands why it is necessary for him to visit his parents________ ________ ________ ________．
4. 只要那座旧房子状况良好，我们就买下它。
We will buy the old house as long as it is________ ________ ________．
5. 我们企图说服他跟我们一起去，但是白费力气。
We tried to persuade him to go with us，but________ ________．
6. 问题是没有足够的时间。
there isn't enough time.
7. 他甚至连通知都没通知我他要来。
He didn't even he was coming.
8. 他把他的失败归因于运气不好。
He his bad luck.
9. 优势是我们很好地掌握了英语。
that we have a good command of English.
10. 你下了这么大的工夫，你一定会通过这次考试的。
You've done so much work that the exam.
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. We are working on the ________(assume)that the profit will not increase next year.
2. The clock ________(strike)eight.
3. His explanation was not________(reason)，so all of us didn't accept it.
4. All their attempts were ________vain.
5. If you read fast every day，you are bound ________(improve)your English level.
6. With so many essays __________(write)，he won't have time to go shopping this morning.
7. It leaves people with nothing to do but wait for ________(retire)and then death.
8. He is a successful businessman；he owes his success more ________luck than to ability.
9. Why bother________(go)abroad to study，when there are so many good universities at home
10. I have a sweet tooth and can't resist ________(eat)chocolate and ice cream.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When young people begin to live independently, home-hunting can bring some stress. But they would do well to remember that a new alternative is available—micro-home.
Called ＂tiny houses＂, these houses have all living necessities in a small package, including kitchen, bedroom and bathroom. Generally under 50 square meters, most tiny houses accommodate just one or two people though some claim the space for more. What’s lost in size is not lost in design as these homes are often quite unique and modern in design.
Besides an attractive appearance, tiny houses can also have unique practical features. Making the best of urban space, the 72- to122-centimeter-wide Keret House in Warsaw, the world’s narrowest home, fills in an alley. The Ecocapsule home uses solar power, wind power and rainwater collection to enable its owner to live practically anywhere. A system of rails allows the DALE micro-home to adjust room size and number as well as adding the option of an open or enclosed courtyard.
Visually appealing as micro-homes are, there are a few drawbacks to consider before getting cozy on a mini-couch. Moving into a tiny house requires the removing of most non-essentials, regardless of the emotional connection to them. Guests will also mostly be out of the question as the limited space may even cause a solitary (独居的) individual to experience some cabin fever (幽闭症). And finally, a micro-home is likely a temporary living option for most people since they will probably start families and acquiremore possessions.
Though the limitations will scare some, there is usually a benefit. A small size results in a small price tag and small bills, making tiny houses easier to save up for and budget. And though you won’t have much stuff around the house, this can provide the comfort of simple living and repairs. Micro-homes are also practically mobile and have eco-friendliness that can’t be matched by other homes. They probably aren’t for everyone or forever, but when it comes to your next (or first) home, they could be just what you need.
1．What can be learnt about micro-homes from the second paragraph
A. People have to eat out as there is no cooking area.
B. These homes are poorly designed due to the small size.
C. All of the houses are under 50 square meters in size.
D. Such houses aren’t necessarily inconvenient though tiny.
2．The third paragraph is mainly developed ________.
A. by giving examples
B. by making comparisons
C. by following the time order
D. by describing the process
3．Micro-homes are especially fit for ________.
A. a young couple in hope of settling down permanently
B. an individual constantly suffering from cabin fever
C. a college graduate on a tight budget for the time being
D. a family of five in favor of environmental protection
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Is Your House Tiny Enough
B. Why Not Enlarge Your House
C. East Or West, Home Is the Best!
D. Micro-homes—More Than Tiny!
B
In the movie Jurassic Park, scientists clone dinosaurs by using the DNA that was preserved for millions of years. However, there is trouble when the cloned dinosaurs turn out fiercer and smarter than expected. Can dinosaurs really be cloned Theoretically, they can；all that would be required is DNA from an extinct dinosaur and a currently living closely related species which would act as a surrogate mother(代孕母亲)．In fact, there is continuing research to clone the woolly mammoth by extracting the DNA from frozen animals.
Actually, cloning is a phenomenon that occurs naturally in a wide variety of species. Whenever you see a pair of identical twins, they are examples of nature's clones. Although scientists have been cloning certain plants like the carrots quite successfully for decades, attempts at cloning animals have not been as successful. However, they began long before the birth of Dolly the sheep—the first mammal to be successfully cloned.
Cloning humans does give rise to some worries，raising a number of moral problems involved. In fact, the social influences of producing humans artificially were brilliantly explored in the famous novel Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, and also in the movie The Island.
Human cloning is basically about creating a genetically identical copy of a previously existing person. Why would some people choose to clone human beings Well，generally, it could make couples unable to have babies have their own children. Replacing a dead child is also another reason why some people have expressed interest in the technology.
5. The purpose of the first paragraph is to________.
A. give us an introduction to a movie
B. analyse the possibility of cloning
C. give an introduction to the text
D. tell us the importance of cloning
6. We can infer from the second paragraph that________.
A. more and more people are interested in cloning
B. cloning has saved many animals from dying out
C. cloning has a very short history
D. cloning plants is much easier
7. In what way is human cloning useful
A. It can bring a dead person back to life.
B. It makes it possible to replace a dead child.
C. It can help cure some human diseases.
D. It can help people have more healthy children.
8. What attitude do people have towards human cloning
A. They think human cloning is useless.
B. They believe it can help humans in many ways.
C. They believe it can cause many moral problems.
D. They doubt whether it can succeed or not.
Ⅱ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Born in England in 1944, Ian Wilmut 1 (know)as the leader of the research group that first cloned a female lamb 2 (call)Dolly in 1996. Dolly became famous and pictures of her appeared on the 3 (cover)of magazines all over the world. The 4 (possible)of reproduction without a male and female being involved also made her the focus of a moral debate. For scientists, however, the cloning of dolly using the DNA of an adult cell was a breakthrough 5 showed the cloning of special animals was possible.
However, 6 Wilmut thinks unlikely is human cloning. He says 7 (undertake)the procedure with humans would require 29 surrogate(替代的)mothers and 300 eggs. Of those 29,28 would be bound 8 (experience)failure and suffer physically and emotionally. He says he is also concerned about the psychological and 9 (society)consequences a cloned might have to go through. For these reasons, he is not 10 favor of it.
Ⅲ. 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\)，并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉；
修改：在错词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear parents,
The hardest time of my life is coming, and I know you are worry about my studies and my life. I can say nothing and thanks to you for the special occasion. Words failed me when I want to express my thanks to you for the care you showed me in the past few years. These days I have been studying hard and have performed to the best of my ability in the tests. I’ll try your best to accomplish my assignment in the coming days.
After the college entrance examination, I intend to helping you do some housework, that I have seldom done before. And I want to learn to cook in order to personal prepare a dinner for you both.
My dear parents, everything is going well with me. do to relax!
Love from,
Your son
1. （2016 北京）Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week If you _______me, I could have helped.
A.told B.had told
C.were to tell D.would tell
2. （2016 天津）I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I_________.
A.were injured B.would be injured
C.had been injured D.would have been injured
3.（2015·江苏）Much time ________sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
A. being spent B. having spent
C. spent D. spending
4.（2014·江苏）The lecture ________, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
A. being given B. having given
C. to be given D. having been given
5. （2016·江苏）Many young people, most_________were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their
dreams.
A.of which B.of them
C.of whom D.of those
K基础
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Shortly 2．regulations/rules 3．bother 4．reasonable 5．resist
6．decoration 7．adore 8．initial 9．merely 10．assumption
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. struck；into his heart 2. bring them back to life 3. from time to time
4. in good condition 5. in vain 6. The problem is that
7. bother to let me know 8. owed his failure to
9. The advantage is 10. you are bound to pass
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1.assumption 2.struck 3.reasonable 4.in 5.to improve
6.to write 7.retirement 8. to 9.to go 10.eating
K能力
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了micro-homes的介绍和利弊简析。
1．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段，特别是最后一句What’s lost in size is not lost in design as these homes are often quite unique and modern in design.可知房子虽小，应有尽有，不一定不方便，故选D。
2．A【解析】推理判断题。第三段第一句Besides an attractive appearance, tiny houses can also have unique practical features.除了吸引人的外观之外，小房子也有独特的实用功能。紧接着以举例子的形式介绍独 一无二的、切合实际的特征。故选A。
B
【语篇解读】人们已经成功地克隆了植物，而克隆动物还不太成功，那么克隆人类呢？
5. C【解析】推理判断题。从后文内容可知，第一段主要是为了引出下文。
6. D【解析】推理判断题。第二段说明，人们已经成功克隆了植物，而动物还不太成功，说明克隆植物要比 克隆动物简单得多。
7. B【解析】细节理解题。从最后一段可知，克隆人可以替代一个死了的孩子或者帮助不孕夫妻拥有自己的 孩子。
8. C【解析】观点态度题。从第三段可知，克隆人一直是一个存在争议的问题，涉及很多道德问题。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
【语篇解读】本文介绍了Ian Wilmut，他是世界上第一个克隆雌性羔羊研究组的组长。
1. is known 考查时态和语态。此处运用了短语“be known as…”，指“作为……而出名”；文章讲述Ian Wilmut 目前的情况，所以用一般现在时态；主语是单数。故填is known。
2. called 考查非谓语。a female lamb与call之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填called。
3. covers 考查名词。此处指世界各种杂志的封面，根据句意用复数。故填covers。
4. possibility 考查名词。此处指“……的可能性”，在冠词the后面用名词。故填possibility。
5. that/which 考查连词。本句运用了定语从句，先行词是指物的名词a breakthrough，引导词在从句中作主 语。故填that/ which。
6. what 考查连词。此处运用了主语从句，从句中缺少宾语。故填what。
7. undertaking 考查动名词。谓语says后面跟that引起的宾语从句，that省去了，从句中用动名词作主 语。故填undertaking。
8. to experience 考查非谓语（固定搭配）。be bound to do…是固定搭配。指“注定，一定……”。故填to experience。
9. social 考查形容词。分析句式可知，and连接两个形容词来修饰名词consequences。故填social。
10. in 考查介词短语。此处考查了固定搭配“be in favor of…”，是“支持，赞成”的意思。故填in。
Ⅲ. 短文改错
Dear parents,
The hardest time of my life is coming, and I know you are about my studies and my life. I can say nothing thanks to you the special occasion. Words me when I want to express my thanks to you for the care you showed me in the past few years. These days I have been studying hard and have performed to the best of my ability in the tests. I’ll try best to accomplish my assignment in the coming days.
After the college entrance examination, I intend to you do some housework, I have seldom done before. And I want to learn to cook in order to prepare a dinner for you both.
My dear parents, everything is going well with me. do relax!
Love from,
Your son
【解析】本文是作者在高考前，写给自己父母的一封信。
1. worry 改为worried." 或者去掉worry前的are，可以用be worried about 也可以用worry about。Worry about
担心，是固定短语。
2. and 改为but。考查固定搭配。此处意为" 我只想对你们说谢谢” nothing but 意为" 只有，仅仅”。
8. that 改为which。考查定语从句。which I have seldom done before. 是一个非限制性定语从句，that不能引
导非限制性定语从句。
9. personal 改为personally。考查副词。修饰动词prepare用副词。
10.删除to。考查祈使句。do 在此处表示强调、加强语气，祈使句用动词原形。
K真题
1. B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:你上个星期为什么不告诉我你的问题呢 如果你告诉我了,我就能帮 你 了。根据句意及空后的＂could have helped＂判断,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,应用过去完成时, 故选B。
2. D【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据＂I was wearing a seatbelt＂＂If I hadn’t been wearing one＂可判断出, 此处 是对与过去事实相反的情况的虚拟,从句用了过去完成时,主句应用＂would have done＂结构。
2.2 Learning about Language & Using Language
重点单词 1．__________ n．宪法，章程2．__________ adj．必须做的，义务的，强制的3．__________ vt．欠……；归功于…… →____________ 因为，由于4．__________ vt．打扰，打搅→近义词：__________ 打扰，打断5．__________ n．假定，设想 →__________ v．假定，设想6．__________ n．规则，规章7．__________ (v．) 打；撞击；罢工→__________ (过去式) →______________ (过去分词)8．__________ (adj．)虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的 →__________ (n．)自负；虚荣心；无意义9．__________ (vt．)抵抗、对抗→__________ (n．)→__________ (adj．)10．__________ (adv．)仅；只；不过11．__________ (n．)装饰→__________ (vt．)12．________ (vt．)崇拜；爱慕；喜爱 →__________ (n．)崇拜者；赞美者；热爱者13．__________ (adj．)合情理的；讲道理的；公道的 →__________(n．)理由；道理
重要短语 1．______________ 把……归功于……2．________________ 一定或注定……3．________________ 麻烦去干某事4．end in failure _________________5．look back on _________________6．develop a disease _________________7．put sth．to sleep _________________8．(be) bound to (do)... _________________9．strike...into one's heart _________________10．用/对某物进行实验 _________________11．不时，偶尔 _________________12．使复生；使复活 _________________13．白费力气；枉费心机 _________________14．把……传给…… ___________________15．状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏) ___________________
关键句型 1．________________ her family，and especially her nephew，her niece Daisy is very honest about her opinions． 与她的家人，尤其是她的侄子相比，她的侄女黛西对自己的观点是非常坦 率的。2. However，____________ she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists． 但是，后来她染上严重肺病问题又使科学家们感到忧虑。 3. Diversity in a group means having animals _________________________． 群体的多样性是指这群动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。4. So ____________________________________ is merely a dream！ 所以说恐龙回归地球的可能性仅仅是个梦想罢了！5. It ________ unfair to clone any extinct animals if they ________ to live in a zoo． 任何绝种的动物，如果一经克隆便注定要生活在动物园里的话，那是不公 平的。
【答案】
重点单词
1. constitution 2. compulsory 3. owe; owing to 4. bother; interrupt 5. assumption; assume
6. regulation 7. strike；struck；struck/stricken 8. vain；vanity 9. resist；resistance；resistant 10. merely 11. decoration；decorate 12. adore；adorer
13. reasonable；reason
重要单词
1. owe...to... 2. be bound to do 3. bother to do sth． 4. 以失败告终 5. 回顾
6. 患病 7. 使（动物）无痛苦地死去 8. 一定或注定（做） 9. 使……刻骨铭心
10. experiment with/on sth 11. from time to time 12. bring back to life 13. in vain
14. pass on...to... 15. in good/poor condition
关键句型
1．Compared with 2．the problem that 3. with their genes arranged in different ways
4. the chances of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth 5. would be；were
之单词篇
1. owe vt．欠(钱，账，人情等)；把……归功于；归功于……
owe sb．sth．＝owe sth．to sb．欠某人某物
owe sth．to sb．/sth．把某事归功于某人/某物
owe it to sb．that...把……归功于某人
Have you paid me back the money you owed me yet？你欠我的钱还给我了吗？
I owe you an apology for my rudeness last night．
昨天晚上我太粗暴了，应该向你道歉。
I owe it to you that I am still alive．幸亏有你我现在才仍然活着。
He owes his success to his hard work．他把自己的成功归功于辛勤的劳动。
【知识拓展】
owing to 由于；因为
表示“由于，因为”的短语：thanks to，due to，
because of，on account of，as a result of
They decided to postpone the trip，owing to the change of the weather．
由于天气变化，他们决定延期启程。
注意：due to一般不位于句首。
【语境记忆】
Owing to his parents' support，he went to a famous university. He owed his success to his parents，so he thought he owed a lot to his parents.
由于得到他父母的支持，他考上了一所重点大学。他把他的成功归功于他的父母，因为他认为他欠他父母很多。
【跟踪典例】
(1)完成句子
①We still __________ __________ __________ for those repairs.
我们还欠他一百美元的修理费。
②I __________ my progress of music __________ my mother.
我把在音乐上所取得的进步归功于我妈妈。
③Was it __________ __________ bad weather that they had to change the schedule of leaving
是由于恶劣的天气，他们才不得不改变离开的时间的吗？
(2)用恰当词语填空
I owe a debt of gratitude ________ his family so I'll do my best to help them whenever they are in trouble．
2. bother vt．打扰；使担忧；使烦恼n．[U]麻烦；[C]令人烦恼的事/人
I am sorry to bother you，but can you tell me the time？对不起，打扰了，请问现在几点？
Don't bother him with it now；he's very busy. 现在不要拿这个东西去打扰他，他很忙。
Does it bother you that she earns more than you？她比你挣的钱多，你是不是觉得不自在？
It bothers me to think of her alone in that big house．想到她孤零零地待在那个大房子里我便坐立不安。
I didn't want to put you to any bother．我不想给你添乱。
I hope I haven't been a bother．希望我没打扰你。
【知识拓展】
bother to do sth．费心去做某事
bother about sth．为某事烦恼
bother sb．with sth．为某事麻烦某人
be sorry to bother you，but...很抱歉打扰你一下，但是……
put sb．to any bother给某人添乱
without any bother毫不费力地
It bothers sb．that/to do sth．使某人苦恼的是……
【易混辨析】bother/disturb/trouble/annoy
这些动词均有“使人不安或烦恼”之意。
(1)bother指使人烦恼而引起的紧张不安或感到不耐烦。
The problem has been bothering me for weeks．
那问题已经困扰了我几个星期。
(2)disturb较正式用词，多用于被动语态。指使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深
的烦恼。
I'm sorry to disturb you so early．对不起，我这么早打扰你。
(3)trouble指给人在行动上带来不便或在身心上造成痛苦。
Losing a little money doesn't trouble me．损失一点钱我并不在意。
(4)annoy强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的打扰或恼怒。
His mother was annoyed with him for being so rude to their neighbors．
他母亲因为他对邻居如此粗暴无礼而生他的气。
【跟踪典例】
(1)用恰当形式填空
Around two o'clock every night，Sue will start talking in her dream．It somewhat ________ (bother)us．
(2)补全句子
①Don't __________ __________ __________ __________； I am doing quite well.
别为我操心，我一切都好。
②He didn't even __________ __________ __________ me know he was coming.
他甚至都没通知我他要来。
③I don't want to __________ __________ __________ my problems at the moment.
此刻我不想让她为我的事情操心。
④I don't want to __________ __________ __________ __________ __________.
我不想给你添乱。
【答案】
（1）bothers 考查动词时态。句意：每天晚上大约两点左右，苏就开始说梦话了，这有点打扰我们。根据
时间状语 every night可知用一般现在时。
（2）①bother yourself about me ②bother to let
③bother her with ④put you to any bother
3. assumption n．假定；设想；承担；担任
make an assumption 假设；认为
on the assumption that...在假定……的情况下
His assumption proved to be correct．他的假设被证明是对的。
We are working on the assumption that the rate of inflation will not increase next year．
我们在假定明年通货膨胀率不增加的情况下工作。
【知识拓展】
assume vt．假定；设想；承担
assume that...假设……
assume office 就职
assume responsibility 承担责任
assume an air/expression of...装出……的样子/表情
assuming that...假定……(作连词用，相当于if)
Assuming that it rains，what should we do？
假定下雨了，我们该怎么办？
【跟踪典例】
选词填空
①The assumption ________ the price of meat would go down before the festival was wrong in fact．(that； which)
②People tend to make ________ about you when you have a disability．(assumptions； the assumption)
③________ we are free next Sunday，what would you like to do？(Assuming that； Assume)
【答案】
①that ②assumptions ③Assuming that
4. strike
（1）v．& n．打；击；撞击；碰撞；袭击；突击
He struck the table with his fist．他用拳头击打桌子。
（2）vi．& n．罢工
The coal miners struck for better safety conditions．煤矿工人通过罢工要求改善安全条件。
（3）vt．突然想到；猛地意识到；打动；给……印象；让……觉得
An awful thought has just struck me．刚才我脑子突然闪过一个可怕的想法。
She strikes me as a very efficient person．在我眼里，她是个很干练的人。
（4）v．(钟)敲；鸣；报时
The church clock just struck twelve．教堂时钟刚刚敲过12点。
【知识拓展】
striker n．罢工的人 striking adj．引人注意的
be/go on strike 罢工
It strikes sb．that...某人突然想起……
strike...into one's heart 使某人感到……
注意：strike可作名词，也可作动词，词义和用法都很丰富，其中作“罢工，突然想到，给……印象”解时的用法是高考常考点；此外，还应注意strike作“打，袭击”时与hit，beat等词的区别。
【易混辨析】beat/hit/strike
beat 强调连续或反复地“打”，因此像心脏跳动、打鼓、打拍子之类连续性或反复性的动作，一般要用beat。
strike 常指“猛地一击”。
hit 侧重指有目标的用力“击中”，有时也指“打一下”。
【图解记忆】
【跟踪典例】
(1)用strike，beat或hit的正确形式填空
①Fortunately，the stone failed to________him．
②He________a match and lighted a candle．
③My heart was________fast．
(2)补全句子
我们队赢得比赛的消息使我们都很兴奋。
The news that our team won the competition________ excitement________our hearts．
5. resist vt．抵抗；对抗；忍住
resist sb．/sth．抵抗/抵制某人/某物
can't/couldn't resist doing sth．禁不住干某事
resist doing sth．抵制干某事
I was not strong enough to resist his offer.
我不够坚定，抵抗不了他的好意。
When she got to the place，she could not resist going(go)in.
她到那里时，禁不住想走进去。
【知识拓展】
be hard/impossible to resist 难以拒绝
resistant adj．抵抗的；有抵抗力的
be resistant to 对……有抵抗力
resistance n．抗拒；反对；抵抗力
【名师点拨】
resist后不可用不定式作宾语，要用名词或动名词。
【跟踪典例】
(1)完成句子
①I don't know________ ________ ________ ________ ________(怎样抑制我的愤怒)。
②I was unable to________ ________(忍不住哭了)．
③The crops are better________ ________ ________(抗病方面更好)．
(2)单句改错
Tom couldn't resist to make jokes about his baldness．
________________________________________________．
之短语篇
1. be bound to(do)...一定或注定(做)……；有义务做某事
Look at the sky．It's bound to rain this afternoon．
看看天空，今天下午一定会下雨。
There are bound to be changes when the new system is introduced．
引进新系统后一定会发生变化。
You've done so much work that you are bound to pass the exam．
你下了这么大的工夫，你一定会通过这次考试的。
I feel bound to tell you that you're drinking too much．
我觉得有必要跟你说，你喝得太多了。
In a group as big as this，you are bound to have disagreements．
在这么大的一群人中，你一定会遇到不同意见。
【知识拓展】
be bound to sth．被束缚于某物；被绑在某物上
be bound (for...) 准备(去……)
be bound up in 热心于；忙于
be bound up with 与……有密切关系
【跟踪典例】
(1)完成句子
①If you read fast every day，you________ ________ ________(一定)improve your English level．
②He________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(热衷于收集古董)these days．
(2)用恰当词语填空
The question is bound________ come up at the meeting．
2. from time to time 不时；偶尔
From time to time a helicopter flew by．空中不时地有直升机飞过。
The food safety accidents happen from time to time．食品安全事故时不时地发生。
While reading the book，he nodded from time to time．他一边看书，一边不时地点头。
【知识拓展】
常见time短语有：
at one time 从前(某个时候)；曾经；一度
at a time 每次；一次 at all times 总是；永远
for the time being 暂时 in no time 很快；立刻
at no time 在任何时候都不；决不
in time 及时；迟早；过了一段时间
at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度
all the time 一直；始终
take one's time 不着急；慢慢来
kill time 消磨时 at the same time 同时
ahead of time 提前；提早 race against time 争分夺秒
time and again 一次又一次；重复地
keep time (钟表)走得准
【跟踪典例】
①Even though the Smiths have moved to a faraway place，we still see them________ ________ ________ ________(不时)．
②He went back from the meeting room________ ________ ________(立刻)．
【答案】①from time to time ②in no time
3. bring back to life 使复生；使复活
It is impossible to bring a dead person back to life．让一个人死而复生是不可能的。
【知识拓展】
bring sb．/sth．to life 使更有趣、更生动；给……以活力；使苏醒
come to life变得活跃；变得有趣；苏醒过来
come to oneself(昏迷后)苏醒过来；醒悟过来
A great actor can bring a character to life．
一个伟大的演员能让角色生动起来。
【跟踪典例】
①In theory，cloning can________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(使一些绝迹的
动物复活)．
②The party________ ________ ________(活跃起来)when he told us the funny story．
【答案】①bring some extinct animals back to life
②came to life
4. in vain 白费力气；枉费心机
He tried to save his son from drowning，but in vain．
他试图救他儿子免于溺死，但是徒然。
All their attempts were in vain．他们所有的尝试都是徒劳。
The police searched in vain for the missing gunman．
警察搜寻那个失踪的持枪歹徒，但徒劳无获。
【名师点津】
in vain“徒劳，白费力气”，用于句首时句子要用倒装结构。
He tried in vain to memorize the poem．
→In vain did he try to memorize the poem．
他怎么背都没办法把那首诗背出来。
【知识拓展】
vain adj．虚荣的；徒劳的；自负的
try in vain to do sth．枉费心机地做某事
They made vain attempts to reach the mountain top．
他们几次尝试登上山顶都失败了。
He tried in vain to stop smoking．他怎么努力也无法戒掉烟。
【跟踪典例】
①翻译句子
过分的赞扬会使人自高自大。
_________________________________________________
②用恰当词语填空
His efforts to raise money for his program were________vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets．
5. in good/poor condition 状况好/差
The house was in poor condition．这所房子状况不佳。
My car is old but in good condition．我的车虽旧，但状况良好。
Keepers said the pandas were in good condition．饲养员说大熊猫的状态良好。
【知识拓展】
on condition that 在……的条件下；倘若……
I will go abroad on condition that I earn enough money．
如果我挣到足够的钱，我就出国。
in condition 健康状况好；保存得好
out of condition 健康状况不好；保存得不好
on this/that condition 在这个/那个条件下
on no condition 一点也不；决不
in good shape (植物)状态良好；(指人)身体健康
注意：condition表示“条件；疾病”时为可数名词；表示“健康状况；
可使用状况”时为不可数名词；表示“形势；环境”时多用复数形式。
【跟踪典例】
用恰当词语填空
①Dr Collins couldn't lead the wildlife research in the tropical forest any longer because his health was in
poor________．
②I agree to his suggestion________the condition that he drops all charges．
之句式篇
1. The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park，in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct
dinosaurs，proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people's hearts．
在《侏罗纪公园》这部影片中，一位科学家克隆了几种已绝种的恐龙。类似《侏罗纪公园》的电影很受
欢迎证明了这一想法让人觉得既恐惧又兴奋。
本句的主干是The popularity...proves...，句中how引导宾语从句；主句中又包含in which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为Jurassic Park。
The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous．
＝The school in which he once studied is very famous．
他曾经就读过的学校很有名。
There are sixty students in our class in all，most of whom are from big cities．
我们班总共有60个学生，大多数来自大城市。
【名师点津】
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句一般根据三个原则来确定介词：
①根据从句的谓语动词；
②根据先行词；
③根据句子意思。
但也有许多考题需要我们把从句补充完整，建立与主句的联系，
才能找到这个介词与句中其他部分的关系。
【跟踪典例】
用恰当词填空
She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction ________ ________had taken more than three years．
2. Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways．
种群多样性是指种群中动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。
(1)本句是简单句，动名词短语having animals...作means的宾语，with复合结构(即“with＋宾语＋宾补”结
构)作后置定语，arrange与their genes为动宾关系。
(2)with复合结构的构成：
with＋宾语(n．/pron．)＋宾补
(3)with复合结构的用法：
作定语
She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides．
她看到一条两岸长着红花和绿草的小溪。
作状语
She left the office with tears in her eyes．
她眼里含着泪，离开了办公室。(表示伴随状况)
With his key lost，he couldn't get into the office．
由于钥匙丢了，他进不了办公室。(表示原因)
The children began to watch TV with the homework done．
孩子们完成作业以后开始看电视。(表示时间)
I'd like to see the new film with time permitting．
如果时间许可，我想看那部新电影。(表示条件)
The battle ended with the enemy defeated．
战斗结束了，敌人被打败了。(表示结果)
【巧学助记】
with 复合结构用法口诀
with结构并不难，with后面宾语连，
动宾关系用过分，主谓关系用现分，
将来要把不定跟，还有三种形副介。
【跟踪典例】
用所给动词的适当形式填空
①With so many essays________(write)，he won't have time to go shopping this morning．
②He felt more uneasy with the whole class________(stare)at him．
③With a growing number of college graduates________ (consider)themselves to belong to the lower levels of society，experts suggest that students lower their expectations of the job market．
【答案】
①to write ②staring
③considering 句意：面对自认处于较低社会层次的大学毕业生人数的增加，专家们建议大学生们应该降低对就业市场的期望值。在with复合结构中，graduates与consider为主动关系，因此用动词 ing形式作宾语补足语。
3. It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were to live in a zoo．
任何绝种的动物，如果一经克隆便注定要生活在动物园里的话，那是不公平的。
本句是虚拟条件句，且表示的是与将来事实相反的假设。虚拟条件句在不同虚拟条件下，主从句谓语形式一览表：
虚拟情况 从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式
与现在事实相反 一般过去时(be动词通常用were) would/should/could/might＋动词原形
与过去事实相反 过去完成时 would/should/could/might＋have done
与将来事实相反 一般过去时或were to＋动词原形或should＋动词原形 would/should/could/might＋动词原形
If it should rain tomorrow，the meeting would be put off．如果明天下雨，会议将延期。
If I had lots of money，I would buy a car．如果我有很多钱，我就买一辆小汽车。
If he had won the game，he would not have been so sad．如果他赢得比赛的话，他就不会那么悲伤。
【名师点津】
若条件从句中含有were，had，should等，可将if去掉，并把were，should或had提到主语前。
Had you studied hard，you would have passed the exam．
如果你努力学的话，你早已通过考试了。
Should I not take the exam tomorrow，I would go for a picnic with you．
如果明天不考试的话，我就和你一起去晚餐。
【跟踪典例】
①We ________ (be)back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map．
②________ (be)there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world．
②Were 考查虚拟语气的倒装。根据主句中的would have to wait可知，空格处应表示对现在情况的假设，故从句用一般过去式；另外，当if从句中含有be动词were及助动词had时，可以把主语和if省略，同时把were或had提前，构成倒装句。句意：如果没有现代化的电信设施的话，我们将不得不等候好几周的时间来获得来自世界各地的消息。
4. Based on what we know now，you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years．
就我们现在所知，你不可能克隆那些已经绝种超过一万年的动物。
过去分词短语based on...作状语。介词on后接what引导的宾语从句。句中that引导定语从句，先行词为animals。过去分词作状语的用法主要有：
①作原因状语，相当于as，since，because引导的从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。
Given advice by the famous detective，the young lady was no longer afraid．(Since/As she was given advice by the famous detective...)有了著名的侦探的指点，这位年轻的女士不再害怕了。
②作时间状语(相当于when引导的状语从句。如果两个动作同时发生，可在分词前用when，while等使其时
间意义更明确。)
When heated，water can be changed into steam. 水加热后可以变成蒸汽。
Discussed (Having been discussed) many times，the problems were settled at last．
在讨论了多次之后，问题终于解决了。(过去分词既表被动又表完成)
Seen from the hill，the park looks very beautiful．从山上看这个公园非常漂亮。(过去分词只表被动)
③作条件和假设状语(相当于if，unless引导的从句)
Given more time，we can finish the task on time．如果被给更多的时间，我们能按时完成这项任务。
④作方式或伴随情况状语
The hunter left his house，followed by his dog．猎人离开了屋子，后面跟着他的狗。
She sat by the window，lost in thought．她坐在窗前，陷入沉思。
【名师点津】
分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致，
否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语(用名词或代词的主格来表示)，
这种结构称为独立主格结构。
All our savings gone，we started looking for jobs．
积蓄全部用完了，我们就开始找工作。
(All our savings gone是含有过去分词的独立主格结构)
He rushed into the room，his face covered with sweat．
他满脸是汗地冲进屋内。
(his face covered with sweat是包含过去分词的独立主格结构)
【跟踪典例】
________(order)over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
5. So the chances of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth is merely a dream！
所以说恐龙回归地球的可能性仅仅是个梦想罢了！
dinosaurs ever returning to the earth 为“动名词的复合结构”，在句中作介词of的宾语。动名词带上自己的逻辑主语，就构成了动名词的复合结构。其逻辑主语一般由物主代词、名词所有格、人称代词的宾格和名词来充当。在口语中，物主代词和名词所有格可分别由人称代词的宾格或名词代替。在句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
Would you mind my/me opening the window？我打开窗子你介意吗？
He insisted on his son's/his son going to college．他坚持让他儿子上大学。
【知识拓展】
(1)动名词复合结构作主语或动名词本身为being时，用“物主代词/名词所有格＋v． ing”
Mary's coming late made her teacher Mr．Smith quite angry．
玛丽的迟到使她的老师史密斯先生非常生气。
(2)动名词的逻辑主语为无生命的东西时，用“普通格＋v． ing”
Is there any hope of our team winning the game？我们的球队有获胜的希望吗？
(3)有生命的名词但表示泛指意义，用“普通格＋v． ing”
Have you ever heard of women playing football？你听说过妇女踢足球的事吗？
(4)两个以上的有生命的名词并列时，用“普通格＋v． ing”
Do you remember my brother and me coming to see you the other day？
你记得我弟弟和我前几天来看你那件事吗？
(5)动名词的逻辑主语为复数名词时，用“普通格＋v． ing”
There are many reasons for animals dying out．
动物灭绝有多种原因。
(6)动名词的逻辑主语被其他成分说明或修饰时，用“普通格＋v． ing”
Have you heard of Miss Gao，our English teacher，going to the USA？
你听说我们的英语教师高老师要去美国吗？
【跟踪典例】
用恰当形式填空
①His________(come)late for class again made his teacher very angry．
②________(the president；attend)the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement．
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．S________afterwards，the police stopped the car and both men were arrested．
2．As students，we should obey school r________．
3．Don't b________him with such silly questions；he is busy receiving foreign guests now．
4．His suggestion sounds quite r________to most of us．
5．I just can't r________chocolate．
6．They have just finished the________(装饰) of their bathroom．
7．It's not necessarily a bad thing to________(崇拜)film stars．
8．The________(最初的) response has been encouraging．
9．One can't learn a language well________(仅仅) by learning rules of its grammar．
10．Our________(设想) that we would win was wrong at last．
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 童年的经历使他对贫穷刻骨铭心。
The experience in his childhood________poverty ________ ________ ________．
2. 古代埃及的法老期望他们的后代使他们复活。
In ancient Egypt Pharaohs expected their future generations to________ ________ ________ ________ ________．
3. 当他长大时，他明白了为什么他有必要不时地去看望父母。
When he grows up he understands why it is necessary for him to visit his parents________ ________ ________ ________．
4. 只要那座旧房子状况良好，我们就买下它。
We will buy the old house as long as it is________ ________ ________．
5. 我们企图说服他跟我们一起去，但是白费力气。
We tried to persuade him to go with us，but________ ________．
6. 问题是没有足够的时间。
there isn't enough time.
7. 他甚至连通知都没通知我他要来。
He didn't even he was coming.
8. 他把他的失败归因于运气不好。
He his bad luck.
9. 优势是我们很好地掌握了英语。
that we have a good command of English.
10. 你下了这么大的工夫，你一定会通过这次考试的。
You've done so much work that the exam.
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. We are working on the ________(assume)that the profit will not increase next year.
2. The clock ________(strike)eight.
3. His explanation was not________(reason)，so all of us didn't accept it.
4. All their attempts were ________vain.
5. If you read fast every day，you are bound ________(improve)your English level.
6. With so many essays __________(write)，he won't have time to go shopping this morning.
7. It leaves people with nothing to do but wait for ________(retire)and then death.
8. He is a successful businessman；he owes his success more ________luck than to ability.
9. Why bother________(go)abroad to study，when there are so many good universities at home
10. I have a sweet tooth and can't resist ________(eat)chocolate and ice cream.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When young people begin to live independently, home-hunting can bring some stress. But they would do well to remember that a new alternative is available—micro-home.
Called ＂tiny houses＂, these houses have all living necessities in a small package, including kitchen, bedroom and bathroom. Generally under 50 square meters, most tiny houses accommodate just one or two people though some claim the space for more. What’s lost in size is not lost in design as these homes are often quite unique and modern in design.
Besides an attractive appearance, tiny houses can also have unique practical features. Making the best of urban space, the 72- to122-centimeter-wide Keret House in Warsaw, the world’s narrowest home, fills in an alley. The Ecocapsule home uses solar power, wind power and rainwater collection to enable its owner to live practically anywhere. A system of rails allows the DALE micro-home to adjust room size and number as well as adding the option of an open or enclosed courtyard.
Visually appealing as micro-homes are, there are a few drawbacks to consider before getting cozy on a mini-couch. Moving into a tiny house requires the removing of most non-essentials, regardless of the emotional connection to them. Guests will also mostly be out of the question as the limited space may even cause a solitary (独居的) individual to experience some cabin fever (幽闭症). And finally, a micro-home is likely a temporary living option for most people since they will probably start families and acquiremore possessions.
Though the limitations will scare some, there is usually a benefit. A small size results in a small price tag and small bills, making tiny houses easier to save up for and budget. And though you won’t have much stuff around the house, this can provide the comfort of simple living and repairs. Micro-homes are also practically mobile and have eco-friendliness that can’t be matched by other homes. They probably aren’t for everyone or forever, but when it comes to your next (or first) home, they could be just what you need.
1．What can be learnt about micro-homes from the second paragraph
A. People have to eat out as there is no cooking area.
B. These homes are poorly designed due to the small size.
C. All of the houses are under 50 square meters in size.
D. Such houses aren’t necessarily inconvenient though tiny.
2．The third paragraph is mainly developed ________.
A. by giving examples
B. by making comparisons
C. by following the time order
D. by describing the process
3．Micro-homes are especially fit for ________.
A. a young couple in hope of settling down permanently
B. an individual constantly suffering from cabin fever
C. a college graduate on a tight budget for the time being
D. a family of five in favor of environmental protection
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Is Your House Tiny Enough
B. Why Not Enlarge Your House
C. East Or West, Home Is the Best!
D. Micro-homes—More Than Tiny!
B
In the movie Jurassic Park, scientists clone dinosaurs by using the DNA that was preserved for millions of years. However, there is trouble when the cloned dinosaurs turn out fiercer and smarter than expected. Can dinosaurs really be cloned Theoretically, they can；all that would be required is DNA from an extinct dinosaur and a currently living closely related species which would act as a surrogate mother(代孕母亲)．In fact, there is continuing research to clone the woolly mammoth by extracting the DNA from frozen animals.
Actually, cloning is a phenomenon that occurs naturally in a wide variety of species. Whenever you see a pair of identical twins, they are examples of nature's clones. Although scientists have been cloning certain plants like the carrots quite successfully for decades, attempts at cloning animals have not been as successful. However, they began long before the birth of Dolly the sheep—the first mammal to be successfully cloned.
Cloning humans does give rise to some worries，raising a number of moral problems involved. In fact, the social influences of producing humans artificially were brilliantly explored in the famous novel Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, and also in the movie The Island.
Human cloning is basically about creating a genetically identical copy of a previously existing person. Why would some people choose to clone human beings Well，generally, it could make couples unable to have babies have their own children. Replacing a dead child is also another reason why some people have expressed interest in the technology.
5. The purpose of the first paragraph is to________.
A. give us an introduction to a movie
B. analyse the possibility of cloning
C. give an introduction to the text
D. tell us the importance of cloning
6. We can infer from the second paragraph that________.
A. more and more people are interested in cloning
B. cloning has saved many animals from dying out
C. cloning has a very short history
D. cloning plants is much easier
7. In what way is human cloning useful
A. It can bring a dead person back to life.
B. It makes it possible to replace a dead child.
C. It can help cure some human diseases.
D. It can help people have more healthy children.
8. What attitude do people have towards human cloning
A. They think human cloning is useless.
B. They believe it can help humans in many ways.
C. They believe it can cause many moral problems.
D. They doubt whether it can succeed or not.
Ⅱ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Born in England in 1944, Ian Wilmut 1 (know)as the leader of the research group that first cloned a female lamb 2 (call)Dolly in 1996. Dolly became famous and pictures of her appeared on the 3 (cover)of magazines all over the world. The 4 (possible)of reproduction without a male and female being involved also made her the focus of a moral debate. For scientists, however, the cloning of dolly using the DNA of an adult cell was a breakthrough 5 showed the cloning of special animals was possible.
However, 6 Wilmut thinks unlikely is human cloning. He says 7 (undertake)the procedure with humans would require 29 surrogate(替代的)mothers and 300 eggs. Of those 29,28 would be bound 8 (experience)failure and suffer physically and emotionally. He says he is also concerned about the psychological and 9 (society)consequences a cloned might have to go through. For these reasons, he is not 10 favor of it.
Ⅲ. 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\)，并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉；
修改：在错词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear parents,
The hardest time of my life is coming, and I know you are worry about my studies and my life. I can say nothing and thanks to you for the special occasion. Words failed me when I want to express my thanks to you for the care you showed me in the past few years. These days I have been studying hard and have performed to the best of my ability in the tests. I’ll try your best to accomplish my assignment in the coming days.
After the college entrance examination, I intend to helping you do some housework, that I have seldom done before. And I want to learn to cook in order to personal prepare a dinner for you both.
My dear parents, everything is going well with me. do to relax!
Love from,
Your son
1. （2016 北京）Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week If you _______me, I could have helped.
A.told B.had told
C.were to tell D.would tell
2. （2016 天津）I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I_________.
A.were injured B.would be injured
C.had been injured D.would have been injured
3.（2015·江苏）Much time ________sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
A. being spent B. having spent
C. spent D. spending
4.（2014·江苏）The lecture ________, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
A. being given B. having given
C. to be given D. having been given
5. （2016·江苏）Many young people, most_________were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their
dreams.
A.of which B.of them
C.of whom D.of those
K基础
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Shortly 2．regulations/rules 3．bother 4．reasonable 5．resist
6．decoration 7．adore 8．initial 9．merely 10．assumption
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. struck；into his heart 2. bring them back to life 3. from time to time
4. in good condition 5. in vain 6. The problem is that
7. bother to let me know 8. owed his failure to
9. The advantage is 10. you are bound to pass
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1.assumption 2.struck 3.reasonable 4.in 5.to improve
6.to write 7.retirement 8. to 9.to go 10.eating
K能力
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了micro-homes的介绍和利弊简析。
1．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段，特别是最后一句What’s lost in size is not lost in design as these homes are often quite unique and modern in design.可知房子虽小，应有尽有，不一定不方便，故选D。
2．A【解析】推理判断题。第三段第一句Besides an attractive appearance, tiny houses can also have unique practical features.除了吸引人的外观之外，小房子也有独特的实用功能。紧接着以举例子的形式介绍独 一无二的、切合实际的特征。故选A。
B
【语篇解读】人们已经成功地克隆了植物，而克隆动物还不太成功，那么克隆人类呢？
5. C【解析】推理判断题。从后文内容可知，第一段主要是为了引出下文。
6. D【解析】推理判断题。第二段说明，人们已经成功克隆了植物，而动物还不太成功，说明克隆植物要比 克隆动物简单得多。
7. B【解析】细节理解题。从最后一段可知，克隆人可以替代一个死了的孩子或者帮助不孕夫妻拥有自己的 孩子。
8. C【解析】观点态度题。从第三段可知，克隆人一直是一个存在争议的问题，涉及很多道德问题。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
【语篇解读】本文介绍了Ian Wilmut，他是世界上第一个克隆雌性羔羊研究组的组长。
1. is known 考查时态和语态。此处运用了短语“be known as…”，指“作为……而出名”；文章讲述Ian Wilmut 目前的情况，所以用一般现在时态；主语是单数。故填is known。
2. called 考查非谓语。a female lamb与call之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填called。
3. covers 考查名词。此处指世界各种杂志的封面，根据句意用复数。故填covers。
4. possibility 考查名词。此处指“……的可能性”，在冠词the后面用名词。故填possibility。
5. that/which 考查连词。本句运用了定语从句，先行词是指物的名词a breakthrough，引导词在从句中作主 语。故填that/ which。
6. what 考查连词。此处运用了主语从句，从句中缺少宾语。故填what。
7. undertaking 考查动名词。谓语says后面跟that引起的宾语从句，that省去了，从句中用动名词作主 语。故填undertaking。
8. to experience 考查非谓语（固定搭配）。be bound to do…是固定搭配。指“注定，一定……”。故填to experience。
9. social 考查形容词。分析句式可知，and连接两个形容词来修饰名词consequences。故填social。
10. in 考查介词短语。此处考查了固定搭配“be in favor of…”，是“支持，赞成”的意思。故填in。
Ⅲ. 短文改错
Dear parents,
The hardest time of my life is coming, and I know you are about my studies and my life. I can say nothing thanks to you the special occasion. Words me when I want to express my thanks to you for the care you showed me in the past few years. These days I have been studying hard and have performed to the best of my ability in the tests. I’ll try best to accomplish my assignment in the coming days.
After the college entrance examination, I intend to you do some housework, I have seldom done before. And I want to learn to cook in order to prepare a dinner for you both.
My dear parents, everything is going well with me. do relax!
Love from,
Your son
【解析】本文是作者在高考前，写给自己父母的一封信。
1. worry 改为worried." 或者去掉worry前的are，可以用be worried about 也可以用worry about。Worry about
担心，是固定短语。
2. and 改为but。考查固定搭配。此处意为" 我只想对你们说谢谢” nothing but 意为" 只有，仅仅”。
8. that 改为which。考查定语从句。which I have seldom done before. 是一个非限制性定语从句，that不能引
导非限制性定语从句。
9. personal 改为personally。考查副词。修饰动词prepare用副词。
10.删除to。考查祈使句。do 在此处表示强调、加强语气，祈使句用动词原形。
K真题
1. B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:你上个星期为什么不告诉我你的问题呢 如果你告诉我了,我就能帮 你 了。根据句意及空后的＂could have helped＂判断,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,应用过去完成时, 故选B。
2. D【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据＂I was wearing a seatbelt＂＂If I hadn’t been wearing one＂可判断出, 此处 是对与过去事实相反的情况的虚拟,从句用了过去完成时,主句应用＂would have done＂结构。