考点54 任务型阅读之判断正误-备战2018年中考英语核心考点全突破（有答案解析）

初中英语任务型阅读做题技巧
一、任务型阅读理解题解读?
任务型阅读理解测试主要考查考生在有限的时间内根据不同的人的不同需要捕捉到相应的有效信息的能力。任务型阅读理解题所选文章题材真实可靠，内容贴近现代社会生活，涉及生生活、富有时代气息，语言原汁原味。?
该题型主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言＂做事＂的能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和社会经验等方面能力的有机结合。从某种意义上来说，这一题型的阅读理解实际上就是一道高水平的智能检测题——综合检测考生的阅读、理解、分析、判断、跨文化交际知识以及心理感悟能力等。如果考生心理承受力比较弱，或者应试时头脑一时不那么开窍，恐怕很快就会感觉犹如＂雾里看花＂，似它非它了；而且考生对某一题的错误判断会影响其对其他题目作出正确的分析和判断，产生曼延作用。?
二、解题步骤?
任务型阅读理解题的解题的关键在于正确把握要求与符合要求的条件之间的一一对应关系，该类的
＂对应＂可能是＂主旨对应＂，也可能是＂情节对应＂，还可以是＂细节对应＂等。同们只要能够把握住这一原则就能轻松做好这种试题。?
＂一一对应阅读方法＂的具体步骤如下：?
第一步：认真阅读背景介绍，了解话题或主题。?
第二步：仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下划线，以便有利于为后面的顺利解题创造良好的条件。?
第三：对照题目的要求，从选项中选出符合以上要求的对应条件。有时，只要顺着关键词的线索就能轻松找到正确的答案。?
第四步：快速对照要求和条件两条线索通读一遍，做到万无一失，提高答题的准确率。
A
Once upon a time, there lived a teacher in a small town. He often taught his students in special ways. Once he rent four of his students to go to a small farm to see apple trees in different seasons. The first student went in winter, the second in spring. The third in summer. And the last in autumn.
After the four students came back, the teacher called them together. They pictured (描述) their feeling to the teacher. The first student said that there were no leaves on the trees. It made him very disappointed. The second student said his eyes were full of light green. It made him feel hopeful. The third one disagreed. ＂What are you talking about? How pretty the trees were! The sweet smell of the beautiful flowers spread(传播） here and there.＂ The last one shook his head. He only saw a lot of apples on the beautiful trees.
The teacher smiled and told his students none of them were wrong. They each just saw one season. He continued, ＂The trees are not the same in different seasons. You can’t judge (判断)a tree by only one season. Don’t let the regret of one season destroy the beauty of the rest.
Everything has different sides in our life. Don’t hurry to make a conclusion(结论)before seeing the whole of it.
根据短文内容判断正、误。
41. Four students were sent to see apples in different seasons.
42. The first student left for the small farm in winter.
43. The last student saw the beautiful trees with many apples.
44. The teacher thought his four students were completely wrong.
45. The passage mainly tells us that we should judge things by only one side.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子的正误，正确的涂＂A＂错误的涂＂B＂。
Teeth are very important for our health. They will be our lifelong friends. So we should learn to protect them at a very young age. Here are some tips:
First, we should eat right.
?Don’t eat too much candy or drink too much cola, or our teeth will go bad easily.
?Have more cheese, milk and yogurt to make teeth strong.
?Eat more vegetables and fruits to help clean teeth.
Second, we should keep these numbers in mind.
?2/Day Brush your teeth at least twice a day: in the morning and before bedtime.
2—3 Minutes Brush for at least two or three minutes every time.
3 Months Get a new toothbrush every three months.
6 Months Go to the dentist every six months for a check-up.
71. We’re too young, so we needn’t start protecting our teeth.
72. Cheese, milk and yogurt can keep our teeth strong.
73. We shouldn’t brush our teeth after lunch.
74. We can brush our teeth for only one minute each time.
75. At least four toothbrushes should be used in a year.
A（2017 ? 成都）
根据短文内容判断句子的正误。正确的涂＂A＂，错误的涂＂B＂。
If you want a more interesting experience when you arrive in a new city or country, here are some better ways to travel, both for you and for the environment.
Way 1 Get out of the car and walk. It’s slower but it’s the greenest way to travel. It’s also the most rewarding（有益的）way to see a city, but remember to wear comfortable shoes.
Way 2 Cycling is also a good choice. Many hotels now offer free bikes to guest. It is convenient for people to travel around the city. Some also provide electric bikes that make it easier to go up hills and no longer journeys. Some cities also have mobikes, and you can pick up one easily. It’s not free but very cheap.
Way 3 If you have to take transport in a city, try to take public transport. Most cities now offer lots of information and very clear maps at the city’s website.
Way 4 If possible, take buses, trains or ships to travel from city to city. They are usually greener than cars and planes.
Way 5 When the only way to travel is by car, rent（租）an electric car. Many car rental companies now offer them, so always ask!
61. Walking is the only rewarding way to see a city.
62. Many hotels and cities offer free bikes to visitors.
63. The city’s websites can help to take public transport.
64. Way 1 and Way 4 are the best for people’s health.
65. Common cars are greener than electric cars.
B（2017 ? 哈尔滨）
There are many kinds of amazing animals in the world. Have you ever watched one of them — Canada geese （雁）? They can teach us a lesson about teamwork（合作）.
In autumn, Canada geese have to fly to the warm south to get away from Canada’ cold winter. When they leave the ground and rise into the air, they fly in no order. Then they quickly form a V shape, with one bird leading the group.
The V shape allows Canada geese to save energy. The head bird moves its wings（翅膀） up and down. The resulting（产生的） force of the air help lift the next bird. Each bird will do so until they get to the southern part. The bird at the head of the group has the hardest job. When it gets tired, another bird moves to the front and takes its place （代替它）. By sharing this job, the group can travel great distances. Canada geese flying in a V shape can fly seventy percent farther without having a rest than the birds flying alone.
During the long flying journey, Canada geese communicate with one another. They honk（鸣叫） to encourage the birds up front to keep up the speed. They also cheer one another up while working toward the same destination.
What have we learned from the lovely Canada geese’s experience and skills?
Work together! Whether in our personal lives or our jobs, we need the spirit of teamwork!
根据短文内容判断正、误。（注意：考生将答题卡相应位置涂黑，正确的涂＂A＂，错误的涂＂B＂。）
41. Because of Canada’s cold winter, Canada geese have to fly to the warm south in autumn.
42. When the heard bird gets tired, another bird moves to the front and becomes a new head bird.
43. Canada geese flying in a V shape can fly seventeen percent farther without having a rest than the birds flying alone.
44. During the long flying journey, Canada geese hardly cheer one another up while working toward the same destination.
45. From the passage, we’ve learned that the spirit of teamwork is important to us.
A（2016 ? 四川成都新都一中实验校5月月考）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子的正误。正确的涂＂A＂，错误的涂＂B＂。
Computer technology has become an important part of people’s lives. This technology has its own special vocabulary. One well-known computer word is Google. It is the name of a popular ＂search engine(引擎)＂ for the Internet. People use the search engine to find information about almost any subject on the Internet. The people who started the company named it Google because, in math, a googol is a very large number — one hundred zeros follow the number one. When you ＂Google＂ a subject, you can get a lot of information about it.
If you Google someone, you might find that person’s name on a blog. A blog is short for a Weblog. It is a personal web page. Some people write blogs to express their opinions and ideas over the Internet. Some use them to share their lives with faraway friends or family. Others write blogs to help them deal with sickness, money problems or to choose movies to see or books to read. Some people add information to their blogs every day. People who have blogs are called bloggers.
1. Google and Blog are two kinds of popular search engines.
2. Google is a person’s name, and the person started the search engine company.
3. People may use Google to ask others for help.
4. Bloggers are those who often surf the Internet to read others’ blogs.
B（2016 ? 山东省临沂市中考模拟）
When do you think of a forest, what do you see? Just trees? Or do you see many other things, such as singing birds, colorful plants and wild flowers?
The forest is a whole world of its own. It is full of many different living things. But even though they are all different, they have one thing in common: they all need each other in order to live on. The trees feed the forest
＂people＂ by making food in their leaves; by using sunlight to join water and minerals(矿物) from the soil and air. Their deep network of roots joins the soil together and stops it from dying out, making it possible for living things to live in it.
Human beings are like the living things in the forest. We need one another in order to live. We need the farmers to grow our food, railroad and truck drivers to bring it to our shops and shop assistants to sell it to us. We need people to prepare our food and cook it and others to take our waste things away. Think how lonely and unhappy you would be if you lived all alone.
Life is a matter of giving and taking. We need to help other people as much as we need other people to help us. Think what a good feeling you have when you have done something for someone else. You know, being a volunteer is so great!
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用＂A＂表示，不正确的用＂B＂表示。
1. According to the text, different things live on the soil and air.
2. The water and minerals from the soil and air are joined together by using sunlight.
3. According to the writer, human beings need only farmers.
4. When I have done something for someone else, I feel happy.
5. According to the passage, everyone needs friends.
C（山东省临沂市临沂经济开发区2017届九年级中考一模）
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用＂A＂表示，不正确的用＂B＂表示。
Indian scientists have designed a new device(设备) that they hope will solve one of the biggest problems with the use of solar energy. They call the device a solar tree. Solar trees have metal ＂branches＂(分枝). Each branch holds a solar panel(太阳能电池板). These panels have flat surfaces that collect energy from the sun and turn it into electricity.
?????? Daljit Singh Bedi is the chief(首席的) scientist at the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research in India. Bedi says the shape of the solar trees makes it possible to fit more solar panels in a space than traditional systems do. This means less land would be needed to produce solar energy. ＂It takes about four square meters of space to produce energy. However, 400 square meters of space would be required in the past to produce the same energy,＂ he says.
?????? Scientists believe the energy that a solar tree collects will be enough to power five homes. The solar tree will make it easier to provide solar energy for homes in cities. The trees will also take less space from farmers in the countryside. And that way people are able to use 10 to 15 percent more energy.
?????? Amit Kumar is a senior engineer of the Energy and Resources Institute in New Delhi. He says that it is still not clear how useful these new developments in solar power technology are. ＂Only when we put those trees on a large scale(规模) will we be able to get that answer,＂ he says.
1. Indian scientists have solved a big problem with the use of solar energy.
2. Solar trees can save land and produce more energy.
3. Not every scientist agrees that solar trees are useful at present.
4. Solar trees are widely used in India.
5. The passage mainly introduces how to use solar energy.
【跟踪训练】
A
这篇短文主要介绍了一位老师让四个生在不同的季节观看苹果树，生得到了不同的结论。他想告诉生一个道理：生活中的一切事物都有不同的方面。在你看完整之前不要着急下结论。
43.A【解析】细节理解题。根据The last one shook his head. He only saw a lot of apples on the beautiful trees.可知描述正确，故选A。
44.B【解析】细节理解题。根据The teacher smiled and told his students none of them were wrong.可知老师认为他们没有人是错误的，所以所给的句子错误，故选B。
55.B【解析】归纳理解题。根据短文描述老师想告诉生要从整体上去判断事物，可知所给的结论是错误的，故选B。
B
本文主要谈论牙齿健康。
71.B【解析】考查细节理解。题意：我们太年轻，因此我们不需要开始保护我们的牙齿。根据第一段第二句So we should learn to protect them at a very young age.可知此句表示是错误的，故选B。
72. A【解析】考查细节理解。句意：奶酪，牛奶和酸奶能强壮我们的牙齿。根据First, we should eat right的第二项＂Have more cheese, milk and yogurt to make teeth strong＂可知此句表述是正确的，故选A。
73. B【解析】考查细节理解。句意：午饭后我们不应该刷牙。根据second, we should keep these numbers in mind中2/Day Brush your teeth at least twice a day: in the morning and before bedtime.可知午饭后最好刷牙，故此句说法不正确。故选B。
74. B【解析】考查细节理解。句意：每次我们能刷牙仅一分钟。2—3 Minutes Brush for at least two to three minutes every time.可知此句说法不正确，故选B。
75. A【解析】考查细节理解。句意：一年至少用四个牙刷。根据second, we should keep these numbers in mind中3 Months Get a new toothbrush every three months.可知此种说法正确，故选A。
【真题再现】
A
本文叙述了去一个新城市的旅行方式，短文给出了四个方式，并叙述了每一个方式的优点。
61. B【解析】细节理解题。根据Get out of the car and walk. It’s slower but it’s the greenest way to travel. Cycling is also a good choice. Some cities also have mobikes可知，开车、坐车、步行、骑自行车、骑摩托车都是好的旅行方式，所以不能说不行是唯一的旅行方式。故选B。
63. A【解析】细节理解题。根据Most cities now offer lots of information and very clear maps at the city’s website.可知，许多城市提供免费的站有助于乘坐交通工具。故选A。
64. B【解析】细节理解题。根据It’s also the most rewarding（有益的）way to see a city, If possible, take buses, trains or ships to travel from city to city. They are usually greener than cars and planes.可知，这里指的是步行有益于看城市的风景，坐公交车、坐火车、轮船比坐小汽车、飞机更环保，没有提到有益于健康。故选B。
65. B【解析】细节理解题。根据常识电动车比汽车更环保，句子的信息是是错误的。故选B。
B
文中主要提到的是加拿大的大雁，为了躲避冬天的严寒，它们会进行迁徙，迁徙时，它们会彼此互助，成V字队飞行，最终飞行的距离比其他鸟类更远，这告诉我们，只有通过团队协作，才能获得成功。
41. A【解析】细节理解题。文中提到Canada geese have to fly to the warm south to get away from Canada’ cold winter可知加拿大的大雁为了过冬，会迁徙到温度比较高的南方去，题目中说明秋天会迁徙，因为要躲避冬天的低温，由此推断此题正确。
42. A【解析】细节理解题。When it gets tired, another bird moves to the front and takes its place如果头鸟累了，另外一只大雁就会接替他的位置，此题说明了大雁之间的轮换，句子正确。￥
43. B【解析】细节理解题，文中提到＂Canada geese flying in a V shape can fly seventy percent farther without having a rest than the birds flying alone＂加拿大的大雁会成V字形飞行，相对于其他鸟类而言，他们会多飞行70%的距离，题目中说明的是17%，由此推测此题错误。
44. B【解析】细节理解题，文中提到＂They also cheer one another up while working toward the same destination. ＂他们还会为彼此欢呼，共同朝着同一个目标前行，题目中说明他们不会相互鼓励，由此判断此题错误。
45. A【解析】细节理解题，文中提到＂Work together! Whether in our personal lives or our jobs，we need the spirit of teamwork!＂团队协作是很重要的，只有这样才能获得成功，由此推测此题正确。
【模拟检测】
A
1—4 BBBB
B
1—5 BABAA
C
短文介绍了印度家设计的一种新的设备——太阳树，用以解决太阳能的利用。太阳能树可以节约土地，产生更多的能量，由于获得土地需要时间和增加成本，目前还没有被广泛使用，这种新技术究竟有多大的功效，尚不能定论。
1. B【解析】句意：印度家解决了利用太阳能这一大问题。根据短文开头的句子＂Indian scientists have designed a new device(设备) that they hope will solve one of the biggest problems with the use of solar energy.＂印度家设计了一种新的设备，他们希望能解决的最大问题之一使用太阳能。以及最后的句子He says that it is still not clear how useful these new developments in solar power technology are. ＂Only when we put those trees on a large scale(规模) will we be able to get that answer,＂ he says.可知，太阳能新技术的真正功效，还是个未知数，并没有大面积的投入使用，题干与原文不符，答案为B。
3. A【解析】句意：并不是所有的家都认为太阳能树是有用的。根据短文最后一段的句子＂Amit Kumar is a senior engineer of the Energy and Resources Institute in New Delhi. He says that it is still not clear how useful these new developments in solar power technology are.＂可知，Amit Kumar对太阳能树的作用持怀疑态度。题干与原文相符，答案为A。
4. B【解析】句意：太阳能树在印度被广泛使用。根据短文中的句子＂Only when we put those trees on a large scale(规模) will we be able to get that answer,＂可知，太阳能树在印度还没有被广泛使用，题干与原文不符，答案为B。
5. B【解析】句意：文章主要介绍了如何利用太阳能。短文介绍了印度家设计的一种新的设备——太阳树，用以解决太阳能的利用。太阳能树可以节约土地，产生更多的能量，但还没有被广泛使用。题干与原文不符，答案为B。