考点51 任务型阅读之回答问题-备战2018年中考英语核心考点全突破（有答案解析）

命题趋势：
分析近3年各地市中考英语真题可知，回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。词数为200－260词， 一般情况下，每篇文章设5个问题， 其中以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多， 少量涉及5个特殊疑问句和3个特殊疑问句、2个一般疑问句。
解题技巧：
1. 认真审题， 明确题目要求。
首先阅读题目， 明确题目中的关键词， 在阅读文章前对所要回答的问题有所了解。
2. 快速浏览文章， 规范答题。
回答问题型任务型阅读需要利用题干中关键词， 寻找文章中对应的关键词， 在对应词周围寻找答案或者直接在文章中搜索答案。带着审题时对文章大意的了解以及问题快速浏览文章， 以最快的速度在文章相对应的位置寻找相关信息。
3. 答题形式符合提问形式。
不同的提问方式需要不同形式的回答， 在答案简洁的基础上还要注意结构的完整。一般疑问句要用yes或no作答；特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词具体回答。
4. 仔细检查， 确保答案。
完成所有答题后， 需要再次速读一遍文章， 核对答案， 确保答案的正确性。需要注意， 有些题目答案可以在原文中直接找出；有些需要在原文的基础上， 结合题目要求进行时态、语态、人称的转换；有些需要进行归纳总结， 把正确答案重新组织语言表达出来。
A
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。
How to Start and Keep a Good Conversation Going
How to Start a good conversation
＂Hi, my name is Sara.＂ ＂I’ m Frank. Nice to meet you.＂
Introductions, like the one above, are a great way to begin a good conversation. When you introduce yourself, be confident and comfortable. That will make others comfortable, too. After the introduction, wait a bit. If the other person doesn’t ask a question, you ask one. Starting with a question shows interest in the other person. You could ask＂What do you do?＂ or ＂How do you know our host?＂ But asking something a little different shows you are clearly different. ＂What did you do last weekend?＂ and ＂Have you seen any good movies recently?＂ are two topics you could ask about. Another good way to start with is＂Tell me about yourself. ＂Most people love talking about themselves.
How to keep a good conversation going
As the other person begins to answer your question, look for the same opinion. If you ask about last weekend, the person could talk about a bike ride they took. When the person finishes his opinions, you could mention an experience that you had with biking. You can then move on to discussing other sports the person may be interested in.
When the other person is talking, be interested in them. Listen carefully to their answers. Don’t look around the room. That gives the other person the message that you are not really interested in them.
If you are answering the question, don’t go on and on. Answer the question and then stop. A good conversation is like a tennis game where the ball goes back and forth.
With some practice, you’ll be able to start and keep a conversation going with anyone!
76. How do you show interest in the other person after the introduction?

77. Why is it good to start a conversation with＂ Tell me about yourself. ＂?

78. What can you do when the other person begin to answer your question?

79. Why can’t you look around the room when the other person is talking?

80. What is your good way to keep a good conversation going?（请自拟一句话作答）

B
阅读下文并回答问题。
Recently, Chongqing Three Gorges University has held an activity named ＂Cell Phone Ninja＂ (手机忍者). They would like their students not to use cell phones for 21 days. It is really a challenge (挑战) for most students.
The activity started on April 12. Each student who volunteered to take part in this activity got a bracelet (手环). If the students did not use their cell phones, there would be a photo on the screen of the bracelet to show that. If they used their cell phones, a different photo would appear on the screen of the bracelet. After the last class of each day, the students sent the photos to the school’s public WeChat.
More than 800 students wished to take part in this test, and 400 were chosen. After seven days, only 103 students remained. The test was set for 21 days because some scientists believe that 21 days is long enough to help form(形成) a habit.
According to the teachers in the university, the activity was not a competition. It depended on students themselves to make the decision. The teachers hoped their students could form better study habits through activities like this one.
71. When did the activity ＂Cell Phone Ninja＂ start?
___________________________________________________________________
72. Were 400 students chosen to take part in this test?
___________________________________________________________________
73. Why was the test set for 21 days?
___________________________________________________________________
74. What was the bracelet used for in this test?
___________________________________________________________________
C
＂Jamila, I just found one dollar sitting on the coffee table,＂ said Mrs. Johnson. ＂Is that your money?＂
Jamila looked up from the book she was reading. ＂Oops, it’s mine. I emptied my jacket pockets before I left for basketball practice yesterday. I was running late, so I didn’t have time to take it up to my room.＂ Jamila placed it quickly in the back of her book and went back to reading.
＂Jamila, you just put that money into the back of your book. I’ m quite sure that you’ re not going to be able to find it when you need it,＂ her mother said. ＂You see, some of your money is in the pencil case on your desk. Some is in the glove hanging behind the door. I think you might also have a few dollars in your bag. You are such a careless girl.＂
＂Mom. I’ m too busy to take care of my money.＂
Mrs. Johnson smiled, ＂It looks like it’s time for you to get your own bank account (账户).＂
＂My own bank account? Is it necessary? Kids know little about it.＂ Jamila replied.
The next day, Mrs. Johnson took Jamila to a bank and opened an account for her. The banking manager explained how the money in the account would increase. ＂The longer the money stays in the account , the more it will earn(获利),＂ he added .
Jamila was surprised to learn that she could earn money just by keeping her money in a bank account. ＂I wish I had done this a long time ago.＂
53. Where did Mrs. Johnson find Jamila’s one dollar?
54. Why was Jamila thought a careless girl?
55. Do you want to have your own bank account? Why or why not?
A（2017 ? 山东泰安）
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）
Once, when there was a famine（饥荒）, a rich baker sent for twenty of the poorest children in the town, and said to them, ＂In this basket there is a loaf（面包）for each of you. Take it, and come back to me every day at this hour for more.＂
The hungry children gathered eagerly about the basket, and fought over the bread because each wanted the largest loaf. At last they went away without even (77)______ the good baker.
Gretchen, a poorly dressed little girl, did not fight or struggle with the other children, but stood quietly in the distance（远处）, When the badly behaved children had left. Gretchen took the smallest loaf, which was all that was left in the basket. She kissed the baker’s hand and went home.
(78)第二天，孩子们表现得像以前一样糟糕。Gretchen got a loaf almost half the size of the one she got the first day. When she came home, her mother cut the loaf open. Many new shining pieces of silver fell out of it.
Her mother was very worried and said, ＂Take the money back to the baker at once. The silver must have fallen into the dough by accident. By quick, Gretchen!＂
When the little girl gave the rich man her mother’s message, he said, ＂(79) It was no mistake, I had the silver pieces put into the smallest loaf to reward（奖赏）you. Always be as content（满足）,peaceable, and thankful as you now are. Go home now, and tell your mother that the money is yours to keep.＂
76. What did Gretchen do while the others fought over the bread?（no more than 6 words）
77. Fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words.（no more than 3 words）
78. Translate the Chinese sentence in the fourth paragraph into English.
79. Translate the underlined sentences in the sixth paragraph into Chinese.
80. What do you think of Gretchen and her mother?
B（2017?上海中考）
Answer the questions（根据以下内容回答问题）（12分）
It was Saturday again. Grace and Karen disliked Saturdays. That was another thing the twins had in common. They shared the same clothes and tied their hair in the same manner. In fact, it was hard for their classmates and teachers to tell them apart sometimes.
Unlike their classmates, they had to get up early at seven every Saturday to prepare for their lessons. Grace had to attend the art lesson and Karen had to attend her ballet lesson. ＂How I wish I could do something different today,＂ said the twins with one voice. All at once, an idea came to Grace and Karen at the same time. ＂How would you like to be me for a day?＂ they asked each other. It seemed like a wonderful plan to them. After giving each other a description of their own friends, Grace put on Karen’s ballet dress while Karen put Grace’s brushes and paints into her bag. Then they left for their classes.
When the art lesson started, Karen was lost. Unlike Grace, Karen was poor at drawing. When the art lesson finally ended, Karen didn’t dare to hand in her work.
Meanwhile, Grace was struggling in the ballet class as well. As she had no idea about the dance steps, she had to follow her classmates blindly. As a result, she kept knocking into them. Their ballet teacher became impatient with her, ＂Karen, you should remember the basic steps. You can’t rely on copying what others are doing.＂
When Karen and Grace got home, they were tired out. They decided that they would never try to be someone else they were not. It seemed that the grass was not always greener on the other side.
88. Did Grace and Karen like Saturdays?
89. When did the twins get up on Saturdays?
90. What was the twins’ plan when they decided to do something different?
91. How did Karen feel at the beginning of the art lesson?
92. Why did the ballet teacher become impatient?
93. What does the underlined part ＂the grass was not always greener on the other side＂ at the end of the story try to tell us?
C（2017?山东省威海市中考）
阅读E篇，根据书信内容简要回答问题。请将答案填写到答题卡指定位置。
?
Dear Kids Advice Magazine
June 10, 2017
Hi, my name is Evan and being the eldest child in the family surely has its disadvantages. First of all, I have to share all my toys and games with my younger Siblings, William and Julia. Of course, they don’t need to return the favour because I’m totally uninterested in their things. Besides that, Julia and William are always hanging around me. It’s especially annoying when I have a friend over. We look for a secluded place in the house where they can’t disturb(打扰) us, but within minutes, they’ve found us and are asking to join in. I just can’t seem to get a moment’s peace. At meal times, I have to eat whatever is on my plate regardless of the portion size or taste. William and Julia only need to try one bite when it’s not their favorite food. Not only this, but I’m expected to be cooperative (合作的,配台的) at all times because I’m the oldest and need to be a role model for them.
It doesn’t seem fair either that I have more chores to do around the house than Julia and William put together. Plus, when it comes to practising our musical instruments, I have to practise more than double the time. Oh, and the worst part of it all is the huge quantities of homework I get compared to them.
I’m feeling rather annoyed with my sibling situation. Can you please write back with some advice?
Yours truly,
Evan Smith
21. How many children are there in Evan’s family?
22. What does the underlined phrase ＂a secluded place＂ mean in Chinese?
23. Why is Evan expected to be cooperative at all times?
24. How did Evan feel when he wrote this letter?
25. Evan thinks many things unfair, but in fact some of them are not his brother and sister’s fault. List 2 of the unfair things.
D（2017?江苏省苏州市）
请认真阅读下面短文，用英语回答短文后的问题，并将答案写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。
Book Review by Patricia Ann Turner
It is school holiday time and Mitch Morrow’s family have just moved to a new home
In a new place. Mitch can’t stop worrying about what his new school is going to be like. He
is not even sure about the neighbours. Next door live the Bull family and they have two children, Di and Bruce.
The older of the two, Bruce, is a large boy, about Mitch’s age. Mitch. Watches him carry big rocks. He looks really strong and unkind. Mitch gives him the name Bruiser（彪形大汉）
because he has a black eye. Did he get it in a fight? Mitch imagines all the worst possible things about Bruiser. He is probably the class bully (恶霸). In his mind Mitch thinks of him as the enemy.
Things seem to get more worrying for Mitch. He finds out he will be in the same class as Bruiser. Then on the first day of school he learns that Bruiser is his buddy for the day.
This is a lovely story for young readers to read or listen to. It has a wonderful message for all children about facing their fears —real and imagined.
The pictures in the book catch the worry Mitch feels and make Bruiser really look like a bad guy.
My only complaint is the colour of the printing of the text. Why there are pages of different coloured print I cannot tell. They may create problems for children with poor eyesight.
I give it four stars.
53. Who is the book Watch out for Bruiser for?
54. What does Mitch imagine Bruce to be?
55. After reading the book review, do you think the book is worth reading? Why or why not?
A
Students in the US don’t begin their spring break at the same time. It depends on where they live. While students from one town are on vacation, their neighbors in the next town may have classes as usual.
You may have heard of it from many hit US TV shows and movies. It’ s usually in the middle of March, when characters on shows like Gossip Girl get a week off from classes, go to the beach and throw big parties. It’s spring break or＂party time＂!
Unlike our semester, which starts in late February or early March this year, American schools begin as early as January. So in late March and April, most American schools, ranging from kindergartens to colleges, give students one to two weeks off school.
College students often take planes to places like Florida or Cancun, Mexico. They relax on the beach, enjoy cold drinks and get a tan.
Younger kids take trips with their parents, visiting a new state or even a new country. Sometimes teachers lead overseas trips for groups of students. On a ten-day trip, for example, students may go on a tour through Spain, France, and Italy, which gives them a great chance to see different parts of the world.
Having a ＂staycation＂, which means being a tourist in your own city, is another popular trend (趋势). You can visit local art galleries (美术馆), museums or have a big meal in a nice restaurant.
For those who are not in the mood to go out, spring break is a good time to catch up with hit TV series or play video games.
There are also students who want a different kind of spring break experience. Instead of partying, they choose to do community service, help with disaster-hit areas and do other volunteering work.
No matter how they’ve spent the break, one thing is for sure — students return to school feeling refreshed (恢复活力的) and ready to finish the school year.
1. Students in the US begin their spring break at a different time, don’t they?
.
2. How long does the spring break usually last?
.
3. Where do college students often go during the spring break?
.
4. What’s the advantage of having a spring break?
.
5. If you are given the spring break, how will you spend it? Why?
.
B(2016 ? 上海上南地区六校九年级月考)
根据短文内容回答下列问题。
Each and every year, during Chongyang Festival, citizens of China celebrate the elders in their families and communities. It’s a special tradition which is rooted in the deep value that Chinese culture places on honoring their elders.
Sadly, many of our aging population are seniors without sons, daughters or grandchildren to visit. While they may have great friends, they no doubt miss the tender and loving relationships unique to families. To fill this void（空虚）, many volunteers turned up on October 28 at nursing homes around the country in order to spend time with the residents. In some cases, they performed humble（谦逊的） gestures of kindness, such as combing their hair or washing their feet.
While the kind acts were appreciated, one embarrassing story out of Anhui province raised a valuable question. Reportedly, one old gentleman had his feet washed seven times during the day by different volunteers. Is this genuinely（真诚地） caring for the elderly? Many of the residents at the home said that those gestures do not make them feel cared for at all. Their family members or community volunteers may drop by for a few hours of token time, but soon they disappear back into their busy lives.
There is nothing we can give that is more valuable or appreciated than our time. While you may feel like there is barely enough time to care for your many responsibilities, might it be possible to spare just a moment as you walk home from school to sit with a senior who lives in your community? Just five minutes is not going to prevent you from getting your homework done, but it may totally change a day of loneliness into a day of joy for one old man or woman. Do you live far from your grandparents? Why not pick up the phone and let them know you’ re thinking of them? Or maybe you could remind them of the ＂good old days＂ and mail them a short letter. Imagine their surprise and joy!
We live in a complicated（复杂的） and busy world, but kindness and caring is still a very simple thing.
6. People in China celebrate the elders at Chongyang Festival, don’t they?
_______________________________________________________________________________
7. Who appeared at nursing homes to spend time with the residents?
_______________________________________________________________________________
8. How many times did one old gentleman have his feet washed during the day?
_______________________________________________________________________________
9. Which gestures can make elders feel cared for?
_______________________________________________________________________________
10. What did the family members of the residents at the home do?
_______________________________________________________________________________
11. Have you been to any nursing homes before? What did you do for the residents there? If you haven’t, please tell us what you did for the elders around you in the past.
_______________________________________________________________________________
【跟踪训练】
A
短文主要告诉人们怎样和人保持良好对话的一些方法。
76.【答案】Starting with a question.
77.【答案】Most people love talking about themselves.
【解析】根据短文中的句子Another good way to start with is ＂Tell me about yourself.＂ Most people love talking about themselves.可知，大多数人喜欢谈论自己。
78.【答案】Look for the same opinion.
79.【答案】That gives the other person the message that you’ re not really interested in them.
【解析】根据短文中的句子＂Don’t look around the room. That gives the other person the message that you’ re not really interested in them.可知答案。
80.【答案】Keep smiling.
【解析】与别人交流时，面带微笑，以示友好，也是一种不错的交流方式。
B
近日重庆三峡院举行了一个叫＂手机忍者＂活动。他们希望生不使用手机21天。对于大多数生来说这真是一个挑战。通过这样的活动老师希望他们的生能形成更好的习习惯。
71.【答案】It started on April 12.
【解析】根据第二段中The activity started on April 12.可知这个活动开始于四月十二日。所以作答It started on April 12.。
72.【答案】Yes, they were.
【解析】根据第三段中More than 800 students wished to take part in this test, and 400 were chosen.可知有四百名生被选中参加了这个测试，所以作答Yes, they were.。
73.【答案】Because (some scientists believe that) 21 days is long enough to help people form a habit.
【解析】根据第三段的最后一句可知测试定为二十一天是因为一些家认为二十一天足以帮助形成一个习惯。~
74.【答案】It was used for showing/ to show whether the students used the cell phone(s) or not.
【解析】根据第二段中的If the students did not use their cellphones...the bracelet可知这些手环是用来表明生使用手机了没有。
C
该文介绍了粗心的贾米拉到处放钱。贾米拉的妈妈带她到银行为她开了一个账户。银行经理告诉她账户里的钱会增加。贾米拉吃惊地发现，她可以通过在她的银行账户里存钱赚取更多的钱。
53.【答案】On the coffee table.
【解析】根据短文开头＂Jamila, I just found one dollar sitting on the coffee table,＂said Mrs. Johnson.可知约翰逊在咖啡桌上发现了一美元。
54.【答案】Because Jamila/she put her money everywhere.
55.【答案】Yes, because I think if I keep my money in a bank account, I can get more money./No, because I don’ t think it (is) necessary for students to have a bank account.
【解析】该题目要根据生本人的观点作答。只要说得有理，符合英语表达习惯即可。
【真题再现】
A
文章大意：这篇短文主要讲述了一个懂得谦让、感恩的小女孩，最后受到好心人奖励的故事。
76. She stood quietly in the distance.
77. thanking/saying thanks (goodbye) to/expressing thanks to
78. The next day the children were as badly behaved as before./The next day the children behaved as badly as before.
79. 这不是失误/错误，我（让人）把这些银币放进最小的面包里是为了奖赏你。
80. Gretchen was content, peaceable and thankful. Her mother was honest./They were content, honest, peaceful and thankful.
B
文章大意：本文介绍了美国AAP组织为解决未成年人迷恋电子节目问题，而给家长和保育员们提出的几点建议，颇具可行性。
88. No, they didn’t. / No. Both of them disliked Saturdays.
89. (They got up) at seven on Saturdays.
90. (Their plan was to) pretend to be the other one / exchange roles for a day.
91. She felt lost (when the art lesson started).
92. (Because ＂Karen＂ couldn’t) remember the basic steps / dance well.
93. (Any reasonable answer is acceptable.)
C
文章大意：这篇短文主要介绍了一封新信件，信中陈述了写信人抱怨两个年幼的兄弟姐妹给自己造成的困扰，比如他们经常吵闹，让自己感觉很吵，心情很差；同时还抱怨自己练习乐器的时间比较长，做家务比较多。基于此，写信向朋友寻求帮助。
21. There’re 3 /three children in the family.
22. 一个安静所被打扰，私密／隐蔽的地方。（答对意思即可。）
23. Because he is the oldest and needs to be a role model for them.（答对处即可得分。）
24. He felt unfair.／He was annoyed／angry /unhappy.
25. He has to eat whatever is on his plate regardless of the portion size or taste.
He is expected to be cooperative at all times.／He needs to be a model for his brother and sister.
He has more chores to do around the house than Julia and William put together.
He has to practice musical instruments more than double the time
He has the huge quantities of homework.
(以上任意两个答案，答对1处得分。列出要点也可得分。）
D
文章大意：这是一篇书评。介绍了《小心彪形大汉》这本书，书中讲述了Mitch搬到了一个新的地方，他很担心新的校会是什么样，也不知道新的邻居会是怎样，邻居的家里有两个孩子，一个叫Di，一个叫Bruce，Bruce长得很强壮，看起来像一个恶霸，所以Mitch害怕他，但后来才发现其实Bruce和他可以做同伴。这个故事对孩子来说是一个好故事，因为可以教他们如何面对真实的和想象中的恐惧。
53. It’s for young readers.
54. Mitch imagines him to be a bad boy.
55. Yes. Because it tells me how to face the fears.
No. Because the colour of the printing is bad for my eyes.
【模拟检测】
A
本文讲述了美国生春假的情况，主要介绍了他们春假期间的活动。
1. 【答案】Yes, they do.
【解析】由文章第一句可知答案。
2. 【答案】For one to two weeks.
3. 【答案】They often go to places like Florida and Cancun.
【解析】由第四段的第一句可知答案。
4. 【答案】Students feel refreshed and ready to finish the school year when they return to school.【解析】由最后一段内容可知答案。%
5. 【答案】I will fly to the places like Florida because I want to enjoy the beach and sunshine.
【解析】根据文中生们的活动回答即可。(任何合理的答案均可。)
B
本篇文章介绍了重阳节是老人们的节日。我们可以为老人们做些什么事情。虽然我们生活在一个复杂的和忙碌的世界，但是善良和爱心仍然是一个很简单的事。
1. 【答案】Yes, they do.
【解析】由文章第一句可知中国人在重阳节庆祝老人们。
2. 【答案】Many volunteers.
【解析】由第二段的第三句可知为了填补这一空虚，许多志愿者在10月28日出现在疗养院，目的是与老人度过这一段时光。
3. 【答案】7 times.
【解析】由第三段中的Reportedly, one old gentleman had his feet washed seven times during the day by different volunteers可知答案。
4. 【答案】To sit with a senior who lives in your community.
【解析】由文中的 to sit with a senior who lives in your community可知答案。
5. 【答案】Their family members may drop by for a few hours of token time.
6. 【答案】Yes, I have. I performed for them and told funny stories to them. /No, I haven’t. I helped the elders do some cleaning in the past.
【解析】句意：你以前去过护理院吗？你为老人做过些什么？如果没做过，告诉我们在过去你为周围的老人们做过什么？（任何合理的答案均可。）