能力达标检测（Unit 11－Unit 14）
(45分钟 100分)
Ⅰ. 单项选择(30分)
( )1.—Our team has won the first prize in the soccer games.
—Congratulations! team you are!
A.How great B.What a great C.What great D.How a great
( )2.—Where would you like to go, Jinan or Qufu?
— . I only want to go to Qingdao.
A.Neither B.Either C.Each D.All
( )3.When I was walking in the street yesterday，I saw a UFO________over my head．
A.flying B.flies C.flew D.to fly
( )4.I would rather________the chance than________her．
A.not to take；to hurt B.not take；hurt C.not taking；hurting D.don’t take；to hurt
( )5.I think your idea is so good．I am________agreement with you．
A.for B.in C.with D.on
( )6.—English isn’t as________as Chinese．
—Maybe，perhaps it’s just because Chinese is your native language．
A.easy B.easily C.easier D.easiest
( )7.Tom was disappointed because most of the guests________when he________at the party．
A.left；had arrived B.left；arrived C.had left；had arrived D.had left；arrived
( )8.We found ____ very easy to learn a foreign language well ____ the teacher’s help.
A.this, with B.that,under C.it,with D.its,under
( )9.Miltie________a picture when Mr．Green came in．
A.draw B.will draw C.drew D.was drawing
( )10.The little girl was________nervous that she couldn’t say a word in public．
A.so B.such C.too D.very
( )11.We_____several meetings to discuss the plan of volunteers in the community since last week．
A.are having B.have had C.had D.have
( )12.—In a text message，88 means Bye－bye．
—And another example is F2F_______stands for face to face．
A.that B.who C.whom D.it
( )13.—Your classroom is very clean．
—Sure．It________after school every day．
A.is cleaned B.cleans C.cleaned D.is cleaning
( )14. children there are in a family, their life will be.
A. The less; the better B. The fewer; the better C. Fewer; richer D. More; poorer
( )15. Neither my sister nor I been to America before.
A. have ever B. have never C. has ever D. has never
Ⅱ. 完形填空(15分)
Boys and girls, this summer vacation is the time for you to take your mind off homework and prepare yourself for future life. The following is some advice on 1 to make your vacation meaningful and colorful.
Take exercise. Regular exercise, much health. You 2 hard most of the time so far. Therefore, you need to join in outdoor activities, which can bring your whole body into action. You can benefit from different forms of exercise 3 swimming, jogging and mountain climbing.
Learn some basic life skills. One day, you will live alone. As a result, you can’t 4 your family any longer. In order to deal with your 5 matters in your own life, you should learn cooking, washing and other practical(实用的)skills.
Go for a journey. Travel to places of interest. In this way, you can find the culture there different from 6 of your hometown. Beautiful scenery can 7 make you relaxed. Imagine that you are lying on the warm beach in bright sunshine, with light sea wind gently blowing. Isn’t it enjoyable and comfortable?
Enjoy family time. Home is the place in which you can rest, receive love and care from relations. Don’t always sit in front of a computer alone. Instead, the whole family should spend 8 watching a movie on the sofa together. Besides, it’s great fun for family members to gather around the table, 9 sports, clothes or other common topics(话题).
If you follow the advice above, you will achieve health, independence(独立), peace of mind and feelings between family members. Today is the beginning of a new life. Your summer vacation must be full of 10 and success. Wish you a wonderful time!
( )1. A. whether B. how C. when D. what
( )2. A. have worked B. worked C. will work D. works
( )3. A. instead of B. due to C. such as D. looks
( )4. A. depend on B. give up C. hear from D. insist on
( )5. A. public B. negative C. personal D. happy
( )6. A. it B. that C. one D. what
( )7. A. also B. either C. too D. as
( )8. A. some times B. some time C. sometimes D. some
( )9. A. discussed B. to discuss C. discussing D. discuss
( )10. A. sadness B. joy C. worry D. happy
Ⅲ. 阅读理解(15分)
Valentine’s Day is a very old holiday. It goes back to the times of Ancient Rome(古罗马). One of the characters we often see on Valentine’s Day is Cupid. He was the son of Venus, the goddess of love. He shoots people with arrows(箭)of love. When a man and a woman are hit by his arrows, they will fall in love.
Today people celebrate Valentine’s Day on February 14. If a man and a woman are in love, they will give each other gifts. The most popular gifts are flowers(especially roses)and chocolates. Couples may also go to a restaurant for a very nice dinner or plan something else romantic.
In the United States, Valentine’s Day is not just for lovers. Children make special Valentine’s cards for their classmates. Families and friends may give candy or other small gifts to each other. It can be a fun day.
( )1. Who is Cupid?
A. The arrow of love. B. The goddess of love.
C. The son of the goddess of love. D. The first person to celebrate Valentine’s Day.
( )2. When a man and a woman are hit by Cupid’s arrows, they will .
A. fall in love B. get gifts from God C. hate each other D. fight each other
( )3. What are the most popular gifts on Valentine’s Day?
A. Roses and chocolates. B. Roses and cakes. C. Arrows and cakes. D. Cards and chocolates.
( )4. What do school children in the United States do on Valentine’s Day?
A. They plan something else romantic. B. They make special cards for their classmates.
C. They go to a restaurant for a very nice dinner. D. They give candy or other small gifts to each other.
( )5. From the passage, we can NOT get information about .
A. the date of Valentine’s Day B. the most popular gifts
C. the story of Valentine’s Day D. the feelings of classmates and friends
Ⅳ. 词汇运用(10分)
(Ⅰ)根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。(5分)
1. When the policeman arrived, the thief had already d_________.
2. Tom’s words are b_________, you know, he is an honest boy.
3. I got to school late because I o_________ this morning.
4. I really value the _________ (友谊)between you and me.
5. The seat is _________ (令人不舒适的)because it is too small.
(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空。(5分)
6. Tom has been working hard _________ (late).
7. He doesn’t like power or _________ (famous).
8. After you finish your paper, please _________ (examination)it carefully.
9. They were trying to land on the island full of _________ (wealthy).
10. Is that old hero still _________ (live)?
Ⅴ. 完成句子(10分)
1. 钱和名誉并不能总使人快乐。
Money and fame can’t always _______ people _______.
2. 出乎意料而又让他欣慰的是, 他的队友都赞同地点了头。
To his surprise and _______, his teammates all nodded _______ _______.
3. 你为什么不交作业?
Why didn’t you _______ _______ your homework?
4. 在海南气温常年在零度以上。
The temperature in Hainan _______ _______ zero all year round.
5. 在我起床之前我母亲就已经把早餐做好了。
_______ _______ _______ I got up, my mum had cooked the breakfast.
Ⅵ. 书面表达(20分)
同学们对愚人节有不同的态度。下面表格是你们学校的一份调查结果。请据此以“Attitudes to April Fool’s Day”为题写一篇80个词左右的英语短文。
Attitudes(%)
Reasons
Like(40%)
1. enjoyed around the world
2. add pleasure to life
Dislike(30%)
1. make others unhappy
2. cause trouble
Not care(30%)
just play jokes
Attitudes to April Fool’s Day
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
短文填空(10分)
请用适当的词完成这篇短文, 每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Dear Anne,
How are you? I had great fun last Wednesday, 1 12th, 2014. It was a traditional Chinese festival called the Dragon Boat Festival that day.
This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, one of 2 greatest Chinese poets. He killed himself by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th of the lunar calendar(阴历), 278 BC. People there rowed the boats to 3 him. But it was too late. They were very sad and then threw rice into the 4 to feed the fishes so that they would stay away from his body.
5 then on, every year on this day, people enjoy 6 Zongzi which is made of rice with meat, eggs and so on. In the past we ate it only 7 a year, but now we regarded it as our daily food. We can have it any time we like.
Have you ever 8 the dragon boat race on TV? It is another important part of this festival. Several teams row their dragon-shaped boats as 9 as they can. The first team to reach the finish line wins.
If you have a plan to visit China next year, would 10 like to spend this festival with us?
Best wishes.
Xiao Qiang
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力达标检测（Unit 11－Unit 14）
(45分钟 100分)
Ⅰ. 单项选择(30分)
( )1.—Our team has won the first prize in the soccer games.
—Congratulations! team you are!
A.How great B.What a great C.What great D.How a great
【解析】句意：――我们队在足球比赛中得了一等奖。――祝贺，你们是多么棒的球队啊。强调名词（短语）时，用what引出感叹句；强调形容词/副词时，用how引出感叹句。Team是一个名词，用what引出，team是一个单数的可数名词，前面要加不定冠词a，故选B。
( )2.—Where would you like to go, Jinan or Qufu?
— . I only want to go to Qingdao.
A.Neither B.Either C.Each D.All
【解析】句意：你想要去哪，济南还是曲阜？这两个地方我都不想去，我只想去青岛。A. Neither两者都不； B. Either 两者中的任何一个； C. Each三个三个以上中的每一个； D. All三个三个以上所有的，根据句意，故选A。
( )3.When I was walking in the street yesterday，I saw a UFO________over my head．
A.flying B.flies C.flew D.to fly
【解析】see…doing sth．是固定结构，意为“看到……正在做某事”，故flying符合题意。
( )4.I would rather________the chance than________her．
A.not to take；to hurt B.not take；hurt C.not taking；hurting D.don’t take；to hurt
【解析】would rather not do sth．than do sth．宁愿不做某事也不愿做某事。
( )5.I think your idea is so good．I am________agreement with you．
A.for B.in C.with D.on
【解析】be in agreement是固定搭配，意为“意见一致”。
( )6.—English isn’t as________as Chinese．
—Maybe，perhaps it’s just because Chinese is your native language．
A.easy B.easily C.easier D.easiest
【解析】as…as中间要用形容词或副词的原级，先排除C和D；此处要用形容词，故答案为A。
( )7.Tom was disappointed because most of the guests________when he________at the party．
A.left；had arrived B.left；arrived C.had left；had arrived D.had left；arrived
【解析】guests先“离开”，Tom后“到达”。
( )8.We found ____ very easy to learn a foreign language well ____ the teacher’s help.
A.this, with B.that,under C.it,with D.its,under
【解析】句意：我们发现在老师的帮助下学好外语很容易。find+it+形容词+to do...是固定句式；the teacher’s help在老师的帮助下。据题意，故选C。
( )9.Miltie________a picture when Mr．Green came in．
A.draw B.will draw C.drew D.was drawing
【解析】本题考查动词时态。结合本题语境可知，格林先生进来的时候，Millie正在画画，故要用过去进行时。
( )10.The little girl was________nervous that she couldn’t say a word in public．
A.so B.such C.too D.very
句意：这个小女孩儿如此紧张，以至于在公共场合一句话也说不出来。
( )11.We_____several meetings to discuss the plan of volunteers in the community since last week．
A.are having B.have had C.had D.have
【解析】由since last week可知，句子时态用现在完成时。
( )12.—In a text message，88 means Bye－bye．
—And another example is F2F_______stands for face to face．
A.that B.who C.whom D.it
【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词是F2F，指物，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，由此可知，that或which符合题意。故答案为A。(相关练习见“点对点”核心句型－l；“面对面”必考题型11－5)
( )13.—Your classroom is very clean．
—Sure．It________after school every day．
A.is cleaned B.cleans C.cleaned D.is cleaning
【解析】It指代上句中的Your classroom，在句中作主语，是动作的承受者，应当用被动语态。
( )14. children there are in a family, their life will be.
A. The less; the better B. The fewer; the better C. Fewer; richer D. More; poorer
【解析】选B。考查比较级。children为可数名词复数, 因此用few修饰, little修饰不可数名词。the+比较级. . . , the+比较级. . . 表示“越……越……”, 句意: 一个家庭里孩子越少, 他们的生活将会越好。
( )15. Neither my sister nor I been to America before.
A. have ever B. have never C. has ever D. has never
【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。neither. . . nor遵循就近一致原则。句意: 以前我姐姐没有去过美国, 我也没去过”故选A。
Ⅱ. 完形填空(15分)
Boys and girls, this summer vacation is the time for you to take your mind off homework and prepare yourself for future life. The following is some advice on 1 to make your vacation meaningful and colorful.
Take exercise. Regular exercise, much health. You 2 hard most of the time so far. Therefore, you need to join in outdoor activities, which can bring your whole body into action. You can benefit from different forms of exercise 3 swimming, jogging and mountain climbing.
Learn some basic life skills. One day, you will live alone. As a result, you can’t 4 your family any longer. In order to deal with your 5 matters in your own life, you should learn cooking, washing and other practical(实用的)skills.
Go for a journey. Travel to places of interest. In this way, you can find the culture there different from 6 of your hometown. Beautiful scenery can 7 make you relaxed. Imagine that you are lying on the warm beach in bright sunshine, with light sea wind gently blowing. Isn’t it enjoyable and comfortable?
Enjoy family time. Home is the place in which you can rest, receive love and care from relations. Don’t always sit in front of a computer alone. Instead, the whole family should spend 8 watching a movie on the sofa together. Besides, it’s great fun for family members to gather around the table, 9 sports, clothes or other common topics(话题).
If you follow the advice above, you will achieve health, independence(独立), peace of mind and feelings between family members. Today is the beginning of a new life. Your summer vacation must be full of 10 and success. Wish you a wonderful time!
( )1. A. whether B. how C. when D. what
【解析】选B。考查疑问词用法。句意: 下面是一些关于怎样使你的暑假既有意义又丰富多彩的建议。
( )2. A. have worked B. worked C. will work D. works
【解析】选A。考查时态。most of the time so far常和现在完成时连用, 故选A。
( )3. A. instead of B. due to C. such as D. looks
【解析】选C。考查短语辨析。instead of代替, 而不是; due to因为; such as例如, 用来列举事物。后面swimming, jogging and mountain climbing是different forms of exercise所列举的内容, 故选C。
( )4. A. depend on B. give up C. hear from D. insist on
【解析】选A。考查短语辨析。depend on依赖, 依靠; give up放弃; hear from收到……的来信; insist on坚持。从One day, you will live alone知you can’t(依赖, 依靠)your family, 故选A。
( )5. A. public B. negative C. personal D. happy
【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。public公开的; negative否定的; personal个人的。后句中learn cooking, washing都属于个人的事情, 故选C。
( )6. A. it B. that C. one D. what
【解析】选B。考查代词用法。that代指the culture。句意: 用这种方法, 你会发现不同于你家乡的文化。
( )7. A. also B. either C. too D. as
【解析】选A。考查词语辨析。also也, 用于肯定句, 动词之前或情态动词、助动词等与动词之间; either也, 用于否定句; too也, 用于肯定句, 一般放在句末。
( )8. A. some times B. some time C. sometimes D. some
【解析】选B。考查词语辨析。some times几次; some time一段时间; sometimes有时。spend time(in)doing sth. 花费一段时间做某事, 故选B。
( )9. A. discussed B. to discuss C. discussing D. discuss
【解析】选C。考查非谓语形式。句中已有谓语动词is, 所以用-ing形式作状语, 表主动, 表示伴随。
( )10. A. sadness B. joy C. worry D. happy
【解析】选B。考查词语辨析。由success知空处应用褒义词, 排除A、C。happy形容词, 词性不符合介宾结构, 故选B。
Ⅲ. 阅读理解(15分)
Valentine’s Day is a very old holiday. It goes back to the times of Ancient Rome(古罗马). One of the characters we often see on Valentine’s Day is Cupid. He was the son of Venus, the goddess of love. He shoots people with arrows(箭)of love. When a man and a woman are hit by his arrows, they will fall in love.
Today people celebrate Valentine’s Day on February 14. If a man and a woman are in love, they will give each other gifts. The most popular gifts are flowers(especially roses)and chocolates. Couples may also go to a restaurant for a very nice dinner or plan something else romantic.
In the United States, Valentine’s Day is not just for lovers. Children make special Valentine’s cards for their classmates. Families and friends may give candy or other small gifts to each other. It can be a fun day.
( )1. Who is Cupid?
A. The arrow of love. B. The goddess of love.
C. The son of the goddess of love. D. The first person to celebrate Valentine’s Day.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。从第一段第四句“He was the son of Venus, the goddess of love”可知。
( )2. When a man and a woman are hit by Cupid’s arrows, they will .
A. fall in love B. get gifts from God C. hate each other D. fight each other
【解析】选A。细节理解题。从第一段第六句“When a man and a woman are hit by his arrows, they will fall in love”可知。
( )3. What are the most popular gifts on Valentine’s Day?
A. Roses and chocolates. B. Roses and cakes. C. Arrows and cakes. D. Cards and chocolates.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。从第二段第三句“The most popular gifts are flowers(especially roses)and chocolates”可知。
( )4. What do school children in the United States do on Valentine’s Day?
A. They plan something else romantic. B. They make special cards for their classmates.
C. They go to a restaurant for a very nice dinner. D. They give candy or other small gifts to each other.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。从最后一段第二句“Children make special Valentine’s cards for their classmates”可知。
( )5. From the passage, we can NOT get information about .
A. the date of Valentine’s Day B. the most popular gifts
C. the story of Valentine’s Day D. the feelings of classmates and friends
【解析】选D。推理判断题。“情人节”孩子们送同学卡片, 家人朋友之间互送礼物, 但没有谈到有关同学朋友情感的信息, 故选D。
Ⅳ. 词汇运用(10分)
(Ⅰ)根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。(5分)
1. When the policeman arrived, the thief had already d_________.
2. Tom’s words are b_________, you know, he is an honest boy.
3. I got to school late because I o_________ this morning.
4. I really value the _________ (友谊)between you and me.
5. The seat is _________ (令人不舒适的)because it is too small.
(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空。(5分)
6. Tom has been working hard _________ (late).
7. He doesn’t like power or _________ (famous).
8. After you finish your paper, please _________ (examination)it carefully.
9. They were trying to land on the island full of _________ (wealthy).
10. Is that old hero still _________ (live)?
答案: 1. disappeared 2. believable 3. overslept 4. friendship
5. uncomfortable 6. lately 7. fame 8. examine 9. wealth 10. alive
Ⅴ. 完成句子(10分)
1. 钱和名誉并不能总使人快乐。
Money and fame can’t always _______ people _______.
2. 出乎意料而又让他欣慰的是, 他的队友都赞同地点了头。
To his surprise and _______, his teammates all nodded _______ _______.
3. 你为什么不交作业?
Why didn’t you _______ _______ your homework?
4. 在海南气温常年在零度以上。
The temperature in Hainan _______ _______ zero all year round.
5. 在我起床之前我母亲就已经把早餐做好了。
_______ _______ _______ I got up, my mum had cooked the breakfast.
答案: 1. make; happy 2. relief; in agreement 3. hand in
4. is above 5. By the time
Ⅵ. 书面表达(20分)
同学们对愚人节有不同的态度。下面表格是你们学校的一份调查结果。请据此以“Attitudes to April Fool’s Day”为题写一篇80个词左右的英语短文。
Attitudes(%)
Reasons
Like(40%)
1. enjoyed around the world
2. add pleasure to life
Dislike(30%)
1. make others unhappy
2. cause trouble
Not care(30%)
just play jokes
Attitudes to April Fool’s Day
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Attitudes to April Fool’s Day
A survey has recently been done at our school, and it shows there are three different attitudes to April Fool’s Day among the students.
40% of the students think they like to have April Fool’s Day. They say the special day is enjoyed by people around the world. And it can add much pleasure to our school life.
But still 30% of them dislike April Fool’s Day. They think it would disturb others to make others unhappy on that day. Even worse, most of the jokes may cause much trouble. And the rest don’t care. In their opinion, people just play jokes on April Fool’s Day.
短文填空(10分)
请用适当的词完成这篇短文, 每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Dear Anne,
How are you? I had great fun last Wednesday, 1 12th, 2014. It was a traditional Chinese festival called the Dragon Boat Festival that day.
This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, one of 2 greatest Chinese poets. He killed himself by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th of the lunar calendar(阴历), 278 BC. People there rowed the boats to 3 him. But it was too late. They were very sad and then threw rice into the 4 to feed the fishes so that they would stay away from his body.
5 then on, every year on this day, people enjoy 6 Zongzi which is made of rice with meat, eggs and so on. In the past we ate it only 7 a year, but now we regarded it as our daily food. We can have it any time we like.
Have you ever 8 the dragon boat race on TV? It is another important part of this festival. Several teams row their dragon-shaped boats as 9 as they can. The first team to reach the finish line wins.
If you have a plan to visit China next year, would 10 like to spend this festival with us?
Best wishes.
Xiao Qiang
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案: 1. June 2. the 3. save 4. river/water 5. From
6. eating/having 7. once 8. watched 9. quickly 10. you
第14讲 九年级（Unit 11－Unit 14）
高频词汇拓展
1.drive→(司机)__________
2．bank→(银行家)___________
3．weigh→(重量；分量)__________
4．agree→(不赞同) _________→(意见或看法一致；同意)___________
5．appoint→(使失望)__________→(失望的，沮丧的) __________→(令人失望的)__________
6．expect→(意料中的) ____________→(出乎意料的，始料不及的)____________
7.work→(工作者；工人)___________
8．live→(活着；有生气的)_______
9．embarrassed→(令人害羞的)_____________
10．hoax→(复数)___________
11．discover→(名词)____________
12．office→(军官；官员)___________
13．believe→(可相信的，可信任的)___________
14．appear→(反义词)____________
15．comfortable→(反义词)______________
16.litter→(同义词)___________
17．fisherman→(复数)_________
18．wood→(木制的；木头的)___________
19．harm→(有害的)____________
20．science→(科学的；科学上的) __________→(科学家)__________
21．instruct→(命令；指示)______________
22.overcome→(过去式) _____________→(过去分词)___________
23．graduate→(名词：毕业)____________
24．care→(体贴人的；关心他人的) _________→(认真的；仔细的)__________
25．manage→(经理；经营者)___________
26．gentleman→(复数)___________
重点短语组句
1. show up 出现
她装扮得整整齐齐，却无处可去炫耀。She dressed herself up and found nowhere to ________.
2. leave out 不包括；不提及；忽略
我不愿匆忙之间漏掉有关的信息。I didn't want to get in a hurry and ________ information.
3. feel like 想要
有时我觉得自己和一个陌生人生活在一起。Sometimes I________ I'm living with a stranger.
4. neither ... nor 既不??也不
久松教授既不会讲英语，也不会讲德语。
Professor Hisamatsu spoke ________ English________ German
5. rather than 而不是
庆幸的是事故发生在这里而不是在公路上。
It's a good job it happened here ________ on the open road.
6. let...down 使……失望
你做那样的事使我太失望了。You________ doing a thing like that.
7. let...in 让……进来
霍尔先生让男孩进入他的办公室。Mr. hall ________ the boy ________ his office.
8. pull together 齐心协力；通力合作
如果我们合作的话，今天就可以完成了。If we ________, we can finish it today.
9. be full of充满的
这不是一个愉快的车程，因为火车里挤满了人。
It is not a pleasant ride because the train can ________ people.
10. play a trick/joke on sb 拿某人开玩笑
如果他们不招待我们，我们能捉弄他们。If they don't give us a treat, we can ________ them.
11. sell out 卖光
票快卖光了，你要是不赶快去，你就买不着了。
The tickets will ________ soon, if you don't hurry you'll miss the bus.
12. lose weight 减肥
我被告知要减肥并戒烟。I've been told to ________ and stop smoking
13. turn out结果是
如果我早知道自己的人生结局会是如此，我当时宁愿让他们杀了我。
If I had known my life was going to ________ like this, I would have let them kill me
14. be harmful to 对……有害
在暗淡的灯光下看书会对眼睛有害。Reading in a dark light can ________ the eyes.
15. take part in 参加
真可惜，我这次不能参加聚会了。Unfortunately, I can't ________ the party this time!
16. pay for 付费
玻璃是我打碎的，由我来赔。I broke the glass, so I'll ________ it.
17. hear of 听说
听到他惨遭不幸的噩耗，我十分震惊。I was shocked to ________ his poor death.
18. cut off 割掉；砍掉
他们几乎完全与外界绝缘了。They were almost completely ________from the outside world.
19. in fact 事实上
那听来简单，但实际上很难。That sounds rather simple, but ________ it's very difficult
20. so far迄今为止
你到目前为止发现了什么？What have you found________?
21. throw away 扔掉
我什么东西都不舍得扔。I never ________ anything ________
22. pull down 摧毁
拆房容易盖房难。It is easier to ________ than to build up.
23. put to good use 充分利用
你尽管放心，你送给他们的钱会妥善地加以利用。
You can be sure that the money you give them will be ________.
24. look back at回顾
他们在后面追，我没有回头看，继续一个劲儿的跑。
They run after me. I don't________ them and keep on running.
25. make a mess 弄得一团糟，一塌糊涂
如果你答应不把厨房弄得一塌糊涂，你可以做甜饼干。
You can make cookies if you promise not to ________ in the kitchen.
26. go by 走过；经过；过去
我每天都要从这栋房子经过。I ________ the house every day.
27. first of all 首先
首先，这只是一个开始。________, this is a beginning.
28. believe in 信任；信赖
我们信赖我们的政府。We ________ our government.
29. be responsible for 对??有责任；负责任
我让他明白他应该为这次的意外负责。
I made clear to him that should ________ this accident.
30. come back 回来；想起来
她会偶尔回来的。She's going to________ every so often
31. set out 出发；开始
我们开始着手揭开谜团背后的真相。We________ to find the truth behind the mystery.
32. separate from 分离；隔开
把肉和其他食物分开存放。Kept the meat ________ the other food. 必考词句辨析
考点一 Neither medicine nor rest can help him. 药物和休息都帮不了他。 【考点精讲】 neither…nor常连接两个相同的成分，连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。 Neither my father nor my mother is a teacher.我的父亲和母亲都不是老师。 neither的用法 ◆作形容词 ①表示“(两者)都不”，置于单数名词之前。eg： Neither product is made in Beijing. 这两种物品都不是北京制造的。
② neither可以替换not...either...。eg： They bought neither house. =They didn’t buy either house. 两间房子他们都没买。 ◆作代词 ①表示“两者都不，双方均不”，作主语时，通常被视为单数。eg： He answered neither of the letters. 他两封信都没回。 —Which one would you like? 你喜欢哪一个？ —Neither. 两个都不喜欢。 ②此时与neither用法较为接近的词是none，但neither表示“两者都不”，而none表示“三者或三者以上都不”。eg：None of us are perfect. 人无完人。
◆作连词 ①常用短语neither...nor... 表示“既不……也不……，” neither和nor后面接同一词性的单词或短语。eg：I have neither time nor money. 我既没时间也没钱。 ②neither...nor...结构用作主语时，谓语动词必须与nor后面的名词或代词在人称及数上保持一致，即所谓的“就近原则”。 ③neither...nor...表示既不……也不……；both...and...表示两者都；either...or...表示或者……或者……。 【精题巧练】
( )1.（2016?黑龙江）I tried two bookstores for the book I wanted，but ____ of them had it．
A．none B．either C．neither
( )2. (2017·青岛)— Can I come today or tomorrow?
—________ is OK. I'm busy today and tomorrow.
A. Either B. Neither C. Each D. None
考点二 But that music makes me sleepy.但那音乐使我昏昏欲睡。 【考点精讲】 （1）本句中，make用作使役动词，意为“使，让”，后面接形容词sad作宾语补足语，即“make＋宾语＋形容词”，表示“使……处于某种状态”。形容词通常用表示感情的happy，sad，angry等或表示状态的rich，strong，ill等充当。eg： We'll try our best to make the work easy.我们会尽全力使工作容易一些。 （2）常见的接形容词作宾补的动词有make，keep，get，find，leave，think等。eg：I found the book very interesting.我发现这本书很有趣。 Please leave the door open.请开着门。
（3）make的用法 ◆make作实义动词讲时，意为“做；制作”，后面可直接接名词或代词作宾语。 ◆make作使役动词讲时，意为“迫使；促使”，通常构成make sb.do sth.和make sb./sth.＋adj.结构，这两个结构分别表示“使某人做某事”和“使某人/物处于某种状态”。 注意：make sb.do sth.结构在变被动语态时，要加上动词不定式符号to，即：sb.be made to do sth.。 【精题巧练】
( )1.（2016?黑龙江）Though she often makes her little brother ______，she was made ______ by him this morning．
A．cry； to cry B．to cry； cry C．cry； cry
考点三 When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. 当我到达学校时，我才意识到我把书包忘在家里了。 【考点精讲】 【辨析】leave，forget forget与leave都有“遗忘”之意，但二者不能互换。 forget指忘记一件具体的东西(其后没有具体的地点)，忘记(做某事)。 leave指把东西忘在了某地，后接具体的地点，leave sth.＋地点。 eg：When we relax on the beach，we often forget the time.当我们在沙滩上休闲时，我们经常忘记时间。 I left my watch in the library yesterday.昨天我把手表忘在图书馆了。 【精题巧练】
( )1.（2016?滨州）-I'm sorry I ________ my exercise book at home this morning．
-It doesn't matter．Don't forget ________ it here this afternoon．
A．left； to take B．forgot； bringing C．left； to bring D．forgot； to bring
( )2. (2017·乐山)Murray plans to study art in the U. K. His friends will________ him off at the airport next week.
A. take B. see C. leave
考点四 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7.我记得在七年级时都见过你们。 【考点精讲】 (1)remember to do sth.记住做某事(事情没有做) eg： Remember to close the window when you leave the room.记得离开房间时把窗户关上。 (2)remember doing sth.记得做过某事(事情已做) eg： Well，I remember meeting you in Beijing.哦，我记得在北京见过你。
类似的结构： forget to do sth忘记做某事(事情没有做) forget doing sth忘记做过某事(事情已做) 【精题巧练】
( )1.（2016?铜仁市）-Remember to _________ the lightswhen you leave the room．
-OK!I will．
A．turn on B．turn off C．turn up D．turn down
( )2. (2017·苏州)—Sorry, I've forgotten your name. Can you________ me?
—I'm Daniel.
A. remind B. receive C. respect D. remember
考点五 Although you've all worked very hard over the last three years，none of you did it alone.虽然在过去的三年你们都努力学习，但你们并不是孤军奋战。 【考点精讲】 【辨析】none，no one ◆none既可指人又可指物，意为“没有任何人或物；(三者或三者以上的人或物中)一个也没有”，后可与of短语连用。作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。常用来回答how many或how much引导的问句。eg：None of them are/is for the plan.他们当中没有一个人同意这项计划。 —How many books are there in the bag？书包里有多少书？ —None.一本也没有。
◆no one＝nobody意为“没有人”，常用于指人，不能指物，不能与of短语连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。常用来回答who引导的问句。eg：I found no one/nobody in the house.我发现没有人在家里。 —Who is in the room？谁在房间里？ —No one./Nobody.没有人。 【精题巧练】
( )1.（2016?滨州）-Don't be angry with your kid when he makes a mistake again，will you？
-No，I won't．I know that of us are perfect after all．
A．none B．neither C．each D．all
考点六 Please consider what they’ve done for you and what they mean to you. 请考虑一下他们为你做过的事情以及他们对你来说意味着什么。 【考点精讲】 (1)consider用作及物动词，意为“考虑”。后接名词、动名词形式、宾语从句或疑问词＋to do结构。eg： We're considering moving to countryside.我们正在考虑搬到农村。
(2)consider用作不及物动词，常用于“consider＋sb./sth.(＋as)＋名词”结构或“consider＋sb./sth.(＋to be)＋形容词”结构中。eg： We consider her (as) our friend.我们把她当作我们的朋友。 【拓展】与consider一样，在与动词连用时，只能用动名词形式的动词或短语常见的还有：enjoy“喜爱”，practice“练习”，keep(on)“继续(一直)”，mind“介意”，finish“完成”，have fun“高兴”，feel like “想要”，look forward to“盼望”，can't help“禁不住”等。
【精题巧练】
( )1.【2017年山东泰安】–If you always ______ yourself with others, you may have tons of pressure.[中国教^育@出~版&网%]
--I agree, we should believe in ourselves.
A. compare B. complain C. connect D. consider
语法精析巧练
一、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
两者主要区别是时间的参照点不同：
过去完成时的时间参照点是某个“过去的”时间；现在完成时的时间参照点是“现在”。因此现在完成时中的很多规则，也适用于过去完成时。
例句：
When I got to the cinema, the film had been on for five minutes.当我到达电影院时，电影已演了五分钟了。（got是一个过去的“时间点”，电影“开始”在我“到达”之前，是“过去的过去”。因为for five minutes为延续一段的时间状语，应用可延续的系表结构be on的过去完成时形式。）
注：过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去”，只有在和过去某时或某动作相比较时才用到它，因此当原句中若找不到一个“过去的时间”作为参照点时，是不能用过去完成时的。
例句：
He got to the railway station and suddenly realized that he had forgotten to bring his ticket.他到了火车站后忽然意识到他竟忘记带车票了。（“忘记”这一动作在“意识到”这一动作之前。）
【精题巧练】
( )1. (2017·黄冈)—Can you tell me how long you ____the Huawei mobile phone, Mr Zheng?
—Nearly a year. It works very well.
A. will buy B. have had C. have bought D. had had
二、动词不定式做目的状语时的用法
To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.
为了减少空气污染，我们应当乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。
本句中To cut down air pollution是动词不定式作目的状语。
动词不定式做目的状语时的用法
(一)、不定式和不定式短语作目的状语
不定式和不定式短语作目的状语，主要用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加 in order to 或 so as to。例如：
I've written it down in order not to forget.
He shouted and waved so as to be noticed.
在句子中作谓语动词的状语的不定式或不定式短语，表示的是主语的目的，因此，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。比较：
To draw maps properly, you need a special pen.（正）
To draw maps properly, a special pen is needed.（误）
由 in order to 引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首，而由 so as to 引导的目的状语，只能置于句尾，而不能置于句首。比较：
They started early in order to get there in time.（正）
In order to get there in time, they started early.（正）
They started early so as to get there in time.（正）
So as to get there in time, they started early.（误）
(二)、不定式的复合结构作目的状语
当不定式或不定式短语有自己的执行者时，要用不定式的复合结构（即在不定式或不定式短语之前加 for + 名词或宾格代词）作状语。例如：
He opened the door for the children to come in.
She fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect.
(三)、目的状语从句与不定式的转换
英语中的目的状语从句，还可以变为不定式或不定式短语作状语，从而使句子在结构上得以简化。可分为两种情况：
1. 当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时，可以直接简化为不定式或不定式短语作状语。例如：
We'll start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time.
We'll start early in order to/so as to arrive in time.
2. 当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时，要用动词不定式的复合结构作状语。例如：
I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting.
I came early （in order） for you to read my report before the meeting.
【精题巧练】
( )1.（2016?恩施州）-There are some boys ______ basketball over there．
-Let's go and join them．
A．are playing B．playing C．to play
( )2. (2017·青岛)As a volunteer, the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital____ them up.
A. to cheer B. cheer C. cheering D. cheered
话题写作训练
一、范文背记
环境保护
【话题分析】
随着“环保”观念深入人心，以“环保从我做起”为话题的书面表达也越来越受命题者的青睐。该类文章主要谈论节约资源、垃圾分类、循环利用。
如：共享单车(bike-sharing)（2017，山东泰安）；由雾霾现象谈谈环境保护(2015，克拉玛依)；写出环保措施和美化环境的措施(2015，呼和浩特)；写出环境保护的具体措施The Green City，the Healthy Life(2016，连云港)；记叙你参加过的一次环保活动；召开环保班会(2016，恩施)(2016，衡阳)；对“毒地事件”发表观点和看法(2016，张掖)等。
【常用句式】
开头句：
It's everyone's duty to love and protect the environment.
The environment is becoming worse and worse and we must do something to prevent people from polluting the environment.
I'm writing to say something about the chemical factory near my house.
There are many kinds of pollution around us，including air pollution，noise pollution and light pollution.
The earth is our home.Some things we have done are good for the earth while some are bad.
中间句：
You ought to turn off the lights when you leave a room.
You'd better walk or ride a bike instead of taking a bus or a taxi if you travel a short distance.
Take a cloth bag when you go shopping.Don't use plastic bags.
We should plant more trees，reduce the waste we produce，recycle the waste paper and soft drink cans.
The factory causes too many problems.First，it produces terrible gas，and it is hard for us to breathe.What's worse，the factory makes a lot of noise.
结尾句：
I think people should care for these problems and I hope the government will solve them.
We should do everything we can to protect the environment.
Actions speak louder than words.
After all，we have only one earth.We should do everything to protect it，or we will be punished and lose our home.
【真题剖析】(2016，衡阳)
荣光学校九年级(2)班就“环境问题”召开了一次班会，并且以“Our Environment in Ten Years：for Better or Worse？”为题进行了一次讨论。许多同学对未来表示乐观，但也有些同学对未来有些担心。请根据表格中的内容提示，用英语写一篇短文。
提示：1.短文中不得出现真实的人名和地名；
2．短文中应包含至少4个要点；
3．书写工整、语句通顺、连贯，词数不少于80。
注意：文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：optimistic adj. 乐观的 government n. 政府
take measures 采取措施 private adj. 私有的
Our Environment in Ten Years：for Better or Worse?
Many students are optimistic about our environment in ten years._________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
【审题指导】
本篇书面表达是一篇话题作文，要求考生介绍一个以“十年后我们的环境会更好还是更坏”为主题的班会讨论，并要求考生在结尾给出自己的观点。描述同学的观点时使用第三人称，表达自己的观点时使用第一人称；时态采用一般现在时。写作时要确保文章的结构完整、语言流畅、思路清晰、逻辑性强。
【写作导图】
【范文欣赏】
Our Environment in Ten Years：for Better or Worse?
Many_students_are_optimistic_about_our_environment_in_ten_years.They think in the future more and more people will be greeners.They will try their best to protect the environment，for example，caring for wild animals and planting more trees.What's more，the government will take more measures to improve the environment.It will also do something useful to stop polluting the environment.
However，some students are worried about our environment in ten years.In order to make more money，lots of trees will be cut down by the greedy people.Also，there will be more private cars than before.As a result，our environment will be destroyed.
In my opinion，our environment in ten years will become better.Because many of us have the knowledge of protecting and improving our environment.I will reduce the waste I produce.As for going to school，I will walk more instead of taking a taxi or a bus.I hope our environment will become better and better in ten years.
【名师点评】①开头直接引出话题。②more and more，try their best，caring for，take more measures等短语运用，表明乐观者的观点和态度。③However，in my opinion的使用，使文章层次清晰，上下过渡自然。④表达自己的观点清楚明白，一语中的。
二、写作训练
【小试牛刀】
节约资源，保护环境。从我们身边的小事做起，假设你是一个注重“低碳”生活的中学生，请以“My Low-carbon Life”为题，写一篇短文，简单描述自己的“低碳生活”。
提示：1.每天步行上学；
2．离开教室时，关掉电灯、电扇、电视等；
3．不用水时，记住关水龙头，循环使用水；
4．充分使用纸张；
5．不使用塑料袋。
参考词汇：on foot，turn off，tap，reuse，make full use of，plastic bag
要求：1.词数：80个单词左右；
2．不得出现真实的考生姓名、学校等信息；
3．文章内容可涉及所给提示内容，并可适当发挥，但请不要逐条翻译。
第14讲 九年级（Unit 11－Unit 14）
高频词汇拓展
1.drive→(司机)driver
2．bank→(银行家)banker
3．weigh→(重量；分量)weight
4．agree→(不赞同)disagree→(意见或看法一致；同意)agreement
5．appoint→(使失望)disappoint→(失望的，沮丧的) disappointed→(令人失望的)disappointing
6．expect→(意料中的)expected→(出乎意料的，始料不及的)unexpected
7.work→(工作者；工人)worker
8．live→(活着；有生气的)alive
9．embarrassed→(令人害羞的)embarrassing
10．hoax→(复数)hoaxes
11．discover→(名词)discovery
12．office→(军官；官员)officer
13．believe→(可相信的，可信任的)believable
14．appear→(反义词)disappear
15．comfortable→(反义词)uncomfortable
16.litter→(同义词)rubbish
17．fisherman→(复数)fishermen
18．wood→(木制的；木头的)wooden
19．harm→(有害的)harmful
20．science→(科学的；科学上的) scientific→(科学家)scientist
21．instruct→(命令；指示)instruction
22.overcome→(过去式) overcame→(过去分词)overcome
23．graduate→(名词：毕业)graduation
24．care→(体贴人的；关心他人的)caring→(认真的；仔细的)careful
25．manage→(经理；经营者)manager
26．gentleman→(复数)gentlemen
重点短语组句
1. show up 出现
她装扮得整整齐齐，却无处可去炫耀。She dressed herself up and found nowhere to show up.
2. leave out 不包括；不提及；忽略
我不愿匆忙之间漏掉有关的信息。I didn't want to get in a hurry and leave out information.
3. feel like 想要
有时我觉得自己和一个陌生人生活在一起。Sometimes I feel like I'm living with a stranger.
4. neither ... nor 既不??也不
久松教授既不会讲英语，也不会讲德语。
Professor Hisamatsu spoke neither English nor German
5. rather than 而不是
庆幸的是事故发生在这里而不是在公路上。
It's a good job it happened here rather than on the open road.
6. let...down 使……失望
你做那样的事使我太失望了。You let me down doing a thing like that.
7. let...in 让……进来
霍尔先生让男孩进入他的办公室。Mr. hall let the boy in his office.
8. pull together 齐心协力；通力合作
如果我们合作的话，今天就可以完成了。If we pull together, we can finish it today.
9. be full of充满的
这不是一个愉快的车程，因为火车里挤满了人。
It is not a pleasant ride because the train can be full of people.
10. play a trick/joke on sb 拿某人开玩笑
如果他们不招待我们，我们能捉弄他们。If they don't give us a treat, we can play a trick on them.
11. sell out 卖光
票快卖光了，你要是不赶快去，你就买不着了。
The tickets will sell out soon, if you don't hurry you'll miss the bus.
12. lose weight 减肥
我被告知要减肥并戒烟。I've been told to lose weight and stop smoking
13. turn out结果是
如果我早知道自己的人生结局会是如此，我当时宁愿让他们杀了我。
If I had known my life was going to turn out like this, I would have let them kill me
14. be harmful to 对……有害
在暗淡的灯光下看书会对眼睛有害。Reading in a dark light can be harmful to the eyes.
15. take part in 参加
真可惜，我这次不能参加聚会了。Unfortunately, I can't take part in the party this time!
16. pay for 付费
玻璃是我打碎的，由我来赔。I broke the glass, so I'll pay for it.
17. hear of 听说
听到他惨遭不幸的噩耗，我十分震惊。I was shocked to hear of his poor death.
18. cut off 割掉；砍掉
他们几乎完全与外界绝缘了。They were almost completely cut off from the outside world.
19. in fact 事实上
那听来简单，但实际上很难。That sounds rather simple, but in fact it's very difficult
20. so far迄今为止
你到目前为止发现了什么？What have you found so far?
21. throw away 扔掉
我什么东西都不舍得扔。I never throw anything away
22. pull down 摧毁
拆房容易盖房难。It is easier to pull down than to build up.
23. put to good use 充分利用
你尽管放心，你送给他们的钱会妥善地加以利用。
You can be sure that the money you give them will be put to good use.
24. look back at回顾
他们在后面追，我没有回头看，继续一个劲儿的跑。
They run after me. I don't look back at them and keep on running.
25. make a mess 弄得一团糟，一塌糊涂
如果你答应不把厨房弄得一塌糊涂，你可以做甜饼干。
You can make cookies if you promise not to make a mess in the kitchen.
26. go by 走过；经过；过去
我每天都要从这栋房子经过。I go by the house every day.
27. first of all 首先
首先，这只是一个开始。First of all, this is a beginning.
28. believe in 信任；信赖
我们信赖我们的政府。We believe in our government.
29. be responsible for 对??有责任；负责任
我让他明白他应该为这次的意外负责。
I made clear to him that should be responsible for this accident.
30. come back 回来；想起来
她会偶尔回来的。She's going to come back every so often
31. set out 出发；开始
我们开始着手揭开谜团背后的真相。We set out to find the truth behind the mystery.
32. separate from 分离；隔开
把肉和其他食物分开存放。Kept the meat separate from the other food. 必考词句辨析
考点一 Neither medicine nor rest can help him. 药物和休息都帮不了他。 【考点精讲】 neither…nor常连接两个相同的成分，连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。 Neither my father nor my mother is a teacher.我的父亲和母亲都不是老师。 neither的用法 ◆作形容词 ①表示“(两者)都不”，置于单数名词之前。eg： Neither product is made in Beijing. 这两种物品都不是北京制造的。
② neither可以替换not...either...。eg： They bought neither house. =They didn’t buy either house. 两间房子他们都没买。 ◆作代词 ①表示“两者都不，双方均不”，作主语时，通常被视为单数。eg： He answered neither of the letters. 他两封信都没回。 —Which one would you like? 你喜欢哪一个？ —Neither. 两个都不喜欢。 ②此时与neither用法较为接近的词是none，但neither表示“两者都不”，而none表示“三者或三者以上都不”。eg：None of us are perfect. 人无完人。
◆作连词 ①常用短语neither...nor... 表示“既不……也不……，” neither和nor后面接同一词性的单词或短语。eg：I have neither time nor money. 我既没时间也没钱。 ②neither...nor...结构用作主语时，谓语动词必须与nor后面的名词或代词在人称及数上保持一致，即所谓的“就近原则”。 ③neither...nor...表示既不……也不……；both...and...表示两者都；either...or...表示或者……或者……。 【精题巧练】
( )1.（2016?黑龙江）I tried two bookstores for the book I wanted，but ____ of them had it．
A．none B．either C．neither
【考点】不定代词．
【分析】我试了两家书店找我想要的那本书，但是没有一个书店有．
【解答】答案：C．
首先明确选项中代词的意思，A：没有一个（三个或三个以上中）；B：两者中的任何一个；C：两个都不； 根据设空处前面的but 推测句意是"我试了两家书店找我想要的那本书，但是没有一个书店有．"，由此判断句子中缺少"两者都不"一词，故答案为C
( )2. (2017·青岛)— Can I come today or tomorrow?
—________ is OK. I'm busy today and tomorrow.
A. Either B. Neither C. Each D. None
【考点】不定代词
【分析】--我能今天或明天来吗？
--都不行．我今天和明天都很忙．
【解答】答案：B．
either两者中任一个，neither两者都不，each每一个，none没有一个；根据 I'm busy today and tomorrow可知今天明天哪一天都不行，故选B．
考点二 But that music makes me sleepy.但那音乐使我昏昏欲睡。 【考点精讲】 （1）本句中，make用作使役动词，意为“使，让”，后面接形容词sad作宾语补足语，即“make＋宾语＋形容词”，表示“使……处于某种状态”。形容词通常用表示感情的happy，sad，angry等或表示状态的rich，strong，ill等充当。eg： We'll try our best to make the work easy.我们会尽全力使工作容易一些。 （2）常见的接形容词作宾补的动词有make，keep，get，find，leave，think等。eg：I found the book very interesting.我发现这本书很有趣。 Please leave the door open.请开着门。
（3）make的用法 ◆make作实义动词讲时，意为“做；制作”，后面可直接接名词或代词作宾语。 ◆make作使役动词讲时，意为“迫使；促使”，通常构成make sb.do sth.和make sb./sth.＋adj.结构，这两个结构分别表示“使某人做某事”和“使某人/物处于某种状态”。 注意：make sb.do sth.结构在变被动语态时，要加上动词不定式符号to，即：sb.be made to do sth.。 【精题巧练】
( )1.（2016?黑龙江）Though she often makes her little brother ______，she was made ______ by him this morning．
A．cry； to cry B．to cry； cry C．cry； cry
【考点】实义动词．
【分析】虽然她经常让她的弟弟哭，但今天早上她被他弄哭了．
【解答】答案：A．
根据Though she often makes her little brother ______，she was made ______ by him
this morning，可知本句考查了make的用法，通常用于make sb do sth让某人做某事，后面跟不带to的不定式，但是用于被动语态时，省略的不定式符号to要还原出来，所以本句应该选A．
考点三 When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. 当我到达学校时，我才意识到我把书包忘在家里了。 【考点精讲】 【辨析】leave，forget forget与leave都有“遗忘”之意，但二者不能互换。 forget指忘记一件具体的东西(其后没有具体的地点)，忘记(做某事)。 leave指把东西忘在了某地，后接具体的地点，leave sth.＋地点。 eg：When we relax on the beach，we often forget the time.当我们在沙滩上休闲时，我们经常忘记时间。 I left my watch in the library yesterday.昨天我把手表忘在图书馆了。 【精题巧练】
( )1.（2016?滨州）-I'm sorry I ________ my exercise book at home this morning．
-It doesn't matter．Don't forget ________ it here this afternoon．
A．left； to take B．forgot； bringing C．left； to bring D．forgot； to bring
【考点】实义动词的过去式；动词的固定搭配．
【分析】-对不起，今天早晨我把作业本忘在家里了．-没关系，不要忘了今天下午带来．
【解答】答案：C 本题考查动词词义的辨析，根据关键词I'm sorry，可知是把作业本忘在家里了，leave，把某物忘在某地；forget to do sth，忘记做某事；bring，带来；take，带走；故选C
( )2. (2017·乐山)Murray plans to study art in the U. K. His friends will________ him off at the airport next week.
A. take B. see C. leave
【考点】动词词义辨析
【分析】莫里计划在英国学习艺术，他的朋友会在下一周在机场给他送行．
【解答】答案：B
take off推迟；see of送行；leave off停止（做）某事．结合句意：莫里计划在英国学习艺术，他的朋友会在下一周在机场给他送行，故选B．
考点四 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7.我记得在七年级时都见过你们。 【考点精讲】 (1)remember to do sth.记住做某事(事情没有做) eg： Remember to close the window when you leave the room.记得离开房间时把窗户关上。 (2)remember doing sth.记得做过某事(事情已做) eg： Well，I remember meeting you in Beijing.哦，我记得在北京见过你。
类似的结构： forget to do sth忘记做某事(事情没有做) forget doing sth忘记做过某事(事情已做) 【精题巧练】
( )1.（2016?铜仁市）-Remember to _________ the lightswhen you leave the room．
-OK!I will．
A．turn on B．turn off C．turn up D．turn down
【考点】动词短语．
【分析】---记得离开这个房间时要关灯．---好的，我会关灯的．
【解答】答案：B turn on表示"打开"，常指开灯或打开家用电器；turn off表示"关掉"，常指关掉自来水、电灯以及家用电器等；turn up表示"开大，调高"，常指调高（电器等）音量；turn down表示"关小，调低"，常指调低（电器等）音量；根据句子中"leave the room"可以推断出"要关灯"，故选：B
( )2. (2017·苏州)—Sorry, I've forgotten your name. Can you________ me?
—I'm Daniel.
A. remind B. receive C. respect D. remember
【考点】动词词义辨析
【分析】--对不起，我忘了你的名字，你能提醒我一下吗？
--我是Daniel．
【解答】答案：A．
remind提醒；receive收到；respect尊重，remember记得；根据Sorry，I've forgotten your name．Can you _____me？可知对不起，我忘了你的名字，你能提醒我一下吗？根据下面的回答I'm Daniel，这里说的应该是提醒一下．故选A．
考点五 Although you've all worked very hard over the last three years，none of you did it alone.虽然在过去的三年你们都努力学习，但你们并不是孤军奋战。 【考点精讲】 【辨析】none，no one ◆none既可指人又可指物，意为“没有任何人或物；(三者或三者以上的人或物中)一个也没有”，后可与of短语连用。作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。常用来回答how many或how much引导的问句。eg：None of them are/is for the plan.他们当中没有一个人同意这项计划。 —How many books are there in the bag？书包里有多少书？ —None.一本也没有。
◆no one＝nobody意为“没有人”，常用于指人，不能指物，不能与of短语连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。常用来回答who引导的问句。eg：I found no one/nobody in the house.我发现没有人在家里。 —Who is in the room？谁在房间里？ —No one./Nobody.没有人。 【精题巧练】
( )1.（2016?滨州）-Don't be angry with your kid when he makes a mistake again，will you？
-No，I won't．I know that of us are perfect after all．
A．none B．neither C．each D．all
【考点】不定代词．
【分析】-当你的孩子再犯错时，不要生他的气，好吗？
-好的，我不会生气的，毕竟我知道我们没有人是完美的．
【解答】答案：A 根据of us和选项，可知描述范围是us（三者以上）．根据No，I won't．和perfect after all．可知我不会对他犯的错误生气，因为毕竟我们没有人是完美的．none没有人（三者或三者以上），常与of连用；neither两者都不，each每一个，all所有的．故选A．
考点六 Please consider what they’ve done for you and what they mean to you. 请考虑一下他们为你做过的事情以及他们对你来说意味着什么。 【考点精讲】 (1)consider用作及物动词，意为“考虑”。后接名词、动名词形式、宾语从句或疑问词＋to do结构。eg： We're considering moving to countryside.我们正在考虑搬到农村。
(2)consider用作不及物动词，常用于“consider＋sb./sth.(＋as)＋名词”结构或“consider＋sb./sth.(＋to be)＋形容词”结构中。eg： We consider her (as) our friend.我们把她当作我们的朋友。 【拓展】与consider一样，在与动词连用时，只能用动名词形式的动词或短语常见的还有：enjoy“喜爱”，practice“练习”，keep(on)“继续(一直)”，mind“介意”，finish“完成”，have fun“高兴”，feel like “想要”，look forward to“盼望”，can't help“禁不住”等。
【精题巧练】
( )1.【2017年山东泰安】–If you always ______ yourself with others, you may have tons of pressure.[中国教^育@出~版&网%]
--I agree, we should believe in ourselves.
A. compare B. complain C. connect D. consider
【考点】考查动词辨析。[来
【分析】--如果你总是把自己和其他人进行比较，你可能就会有大量的压力。--我赞同，我们应该相信我们自己。
【解答】A.compare比较级；B.complain解释；C.connect联系；D.consider考虑。Compare...with...，把……和……进行比较，结合句意，故选A。
语法精析巧练
一、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
两者主要区别是时间的参照点不同：
过去完成时的时间参照点是某个“过去的”时间；现在完成时的时间参照点是“现在”。因此现在完成时中的很多规则，也适用于过去完成时。
例句：
When I got to the cinema, the film had been on for five minutes.当我到达电影院时，电影已演了五分钟了。（got是一个过去的“时间点”，电影“开始”在我“到达”之前，是“过去的过去”。因为for five minutes为延续一段的时间状语，应用可延续的系表结构be on的过去完成时形式。）
注：过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去”，只有在和过去某时或某动作相比较时才用到它，因此当原句中若找不到一个“过去的时间”作为参照点时，是不能用过去完成时的。
例句：
He got to the railway station and suddenly realized that he had forgotten to bring his ticket.他到了火车站后忽然意识到他竟忘记带车票了。（“忘记”这一动作在“意识到”这一动作之前。）
【精题巧练】
( )1. (2017·黄冈)—Can you tell me how long you ____the Huawei mobile phone, Mr Zheng?
—Nearly a year. It works very well.
A. will buy B. have had C. have bought D. had had
【考点】现在完成时
【分析】---你能告诉我你买华为手机多久了吗，张先生？
---将近一年，很好用．
【解答】答案：B．tell后加宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，从句时态不受限制，结合Nearly a year可知表达的动作发生在过去，对现在造成一定的影响，故用现在完成时have/has+过去分词，buy是短暂性动词．不能与一段时间连用，故用have的过去分词had，故答案是B．
二、动词不定式做目的状语时的用法
To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.
为了减少空气污染，我们应当乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。
本句中To cut down air pollution是动词不定式作目的状语。
动词不定式做目的状语时的用法
(一)、不定式和不定式短语作目的状语
不定式和不定式短语作目的状语，主要用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加 in order to 或 so as to。例如：
I've written it down in order not to forget.
He shouted and waved so as to be noticed.
在句子中作谓语动词的状语的不定式或不定式短语，表示的是主语的目的，因此，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。比较：
To draw maps properly, you need a special pen.（正）
To draw maps properly, a special pen is needed.（误）
由 in order to 引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首，而由 so as to 引导的目的状语，只能置于句尾，而不能置于句首。比较：
They started early in order to get there in time.（正）
In order to get there in time, they started early.（正）
They started early so as to get there in time.（正）
So as to get there in time, they started early.（误）
(二)、不定式的复合结构作目的状语
当不定式或不定式短语有自己的执行者时，要用不定式的复合结构（即在不定式或不定式短语之前加 for + 名词或宾格代词）作状语。例如：
He opened the door for the children to come in.
She fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect.
(三)、目的状语从句与不定式的转换
英语中的目的状语从句，还可以变为不定式或不定式短语作状语，从而使句子在结构上得以简化。可分为两种情况：
1. 当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时，可以直接简化为不定式或不定式短语作状语。例如：
We'll start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time.
We'll start early in order to/so as to arrive in time.
2. 当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时，要用动词不定式的复合结构作状语。例如：
I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting.
I came early （in order） for you to read my report before the meeting.
【精题巧练】
( )1.（2016?恩施州）-There are some boys ______ basketball over there．
-Let's go and join them．
A．are playing B．playing C．to play
【考点】现在进行时．
【分析】-那儿有些男孩正在打篮球．
-让我们去加入他们吧．
【解答】答案：B；play 玩，打球，原形；to play 动词不定式；playing 动名词或现在分词形式；are playing现在进行时．根据答语Let's go and join them推测上句句意：有一些男孩正在打篮球，故用playing表示动作正在进行．There are some boys playing basketball over there．=Some boys are playing basketball over there；故用playing；故选B．
( )2. (2017·青岛)As a volunteer, the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital____ them up.
A. to cheer B. cheer C. cheering D. cheered
【考点】不定式短语
【分析】作为一名志愿者，这个女孩想去看望医院里生病的孩子使他们振作起来．
【解答】答案：A根据句意可知这个女孩想去看望医院里生病的孩子的目的是使他们振作起来，故该空处填入动词不定式作目的状语，故填to cheer，故选A
话题写作训练
一、范文背记
环境保护
【话题分析】
随着“环保”观念深入人心，以“环保从我做起”为话题的书面表达也越来越受命题者的青睐。该类文章主要谈论节约资源、垃圾分类、循环利用。
如：共享单车(bike-sharing)（2017，山东泰安）；由雾霾现象谈谈环境保护(2015，克拉玛依)；写出环保措施和美化环境的措施(2015，呼和浩特)；写出环境保护的具体措施The Green City，the Healthy Life(2016，连云港)；记叙你参加过的一次环保活动；召开环保班会(2016，恩施)(2016，衡阳)；对“毒地事件”发表观点和看法(2016，张掖)等。
【常用句式】
开头句：
It's everyone's duty to love and protect the environment.
The environment is becoming worse and worse and we must do something to prevent people from polluting the environment.
I'm writing to say something about the chemical factory near my house.
There are many kinds of pollution around us，including air pollution，noise pollution and light pollution.
The earth is our home.Some things we have done are good for the earth while some are bad.
中间句：
You ought to turn off the lights when you leave a room.
You'd better walk or ride a bike instead of taking a bus or a taxi if you travel a short distance.
Take a cloth bag when you go shopping.Don't use plastic bags.
We should plant more trees，reduce the waste we produce，recycle the waste paper and soft drink cans.
The factory causes too many problems.First，it produces terrible gas，and it is hard for us to breathe.What's worse，the factory makes a lot of noise.
结尾句：
I think people should care for these problems and I hope the government will solve them.
We should do everything we can to protect the environment.
Actions speak louder than words.
After all，we have only one earth.We should do everything to protect it，or we will be punished and lose our home.
【真题剖析】(2016，衡阳)
荣光学校九年级(2)班就“环境问题”召开了一次班会，并且以“Our Environment in Ten Years：for Better or Worse？”为题进行了一次讨论。许多同学对未来表示乐观，但也有些同学对未来有些担心。请根据表格中的内容提示，用英语写一篇短文。
提示：1.短文中不得出现真实的人名和地名；
2．短文中应包含至少4个要点；
3．书写工整、语句通顺、连贯，词数不少于80。
注意：文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：optimistic adj. 乐观的 government n. 政府
take measures 采取措施 private adj. 私有的
Our Environment in Ten Years：for Better or Worse?
Many students are optimistic about our environment in ten years._________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
【审题指导】
本篇书面表达是一篇话题作文，要求考生介绍一个以“十年后我们的环境会更好还是更坏”为主题的班会讨论，并要求考生在结尾给出自己的观点。描述同学的观点时使用第三人称，表达自己的观点时使用第一人称；时态采用一般现在时。写作时要确保文章的结构完整、语言流畅、思路清晰、逻辑性强。
【写作导图】
【范文欣赏】
Our Environment in Ten Years：for Better or Worse?
Many_students_are_optimistic_about_our_environment_in_ten_years.They think in the future more and more people will be greeners.They will try their best to protect the environment，for example，caring for wild animals and planting more trees.What's more，the government will take more measures to improve the environment.It will also do something useful to stop polluting the environment.
However，some students are worried about our environment in ten years.In order to make more money，lots of trees will be cut down by the greedy people.Also，there will be more private cars than before.As a result，our environment will be destroyed.
In my opinion，our environment in ten years will become better.Because many of us have the knowledge of protecting and improving our environment.I will reduce the waste I produce.As for going to school，I will walk more instead of taking a taxi or a bus.I hope our environment will become better and better in ten years.
【名师点评】①开头直接引出话题。②more and more，try their best，caring for，take more measures等短语运用，表明乐观者的观点和态度。③However，in my opinion的使用，使文章层次清晰，上下过渡自然。④表达自己的观点清楚明白，一语中的。
二、写作训练
【小试牛刀】
节约资源，保护环境。从我们身边的小事做起，假设你是一个注重“低碳”生活的中学生，请以“My Low-carbon Life”为题，写一篇短文，简单描述自己的“低碳生活”。
提示：1.每天步行上学；
2．离开教室时，关掉电灯、电扇、电视等；
3．不用水时，记住关水龙头，循环使用水；
4．充分使用纸张；
5．不使用塑料袋。
参考词汇：on foot，turn off，tap，reuse，make full use of，plastic bag
要求：1.词数：80个单词左右；
2．不得出现真实的考生姓名、学校等信息；
3．文章内容可涉及所给提示内容，并可适当发挥，但请不要逐条翻译。
My Low-carbon Life
It's our duty to protect the environment.The environment is becoming worse and worse.We must do something to prevent people from polluting the environment.First，we should go to school on foot and tell our parents to walk to work instead of driving cars.Second，we should save water and electricity by turning off the taps，fans，TV sets and lights in time when we don't use them.What's more，water should be reused.Third，it is good to make full use of paper.We should use both sides of the paper.By doing this，we can save many trees.At last，remember to go shopping with a basket or a cloth bag rather than plastic bags.I believe our life will become better and better if we can do these things.
Lower carbon，happier life.Let's take action.
