选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity Warming Up Pre-reading Reading Comprehending-课时同步练习

Unit 1 A land of diversity
第1节 Warming Up & Pre-reading & Reading &Comprehending
一、单词拼写
1．The________(大多数)of boys like playing basketball．
2．The quickest m________of travel is by plane．
3．A large p________of the population own their homes．
4．All applicants will be considered regardless of age，sex，religion or________(国籍)．
5．We________(推选)John as chairman，for he was reliable．
6．It’s difficult to move to America，because the rules of i________is rather strict for the foreigners．
7．He is fair to us without d________．
8．Is the account insured by the ________ (联邦制的) government？
9．The sea narrows into a s______ there．
10．Venice is an I______ city．
【答案】
1．majority　 2．means　 3．percentage　 4．nationality　 5．elected　
6．immigration　 7．distinction　 8．federal　 9．strait　 10．Italian
二、用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空
by means of， a large percentage of， live on， in the majority，
keep...up， make a life， in addition， be distinct from，
elect sb. as...，a boom in
1. In this club，young women members are________，so men have not much right to decide on things．
2. You can't________200 calories a day，or you will be starved to death in a long time．
3. ________school books now have pictures，so they look more attractive．
4. They sang songs to ________ their spirits________．
5. Many young people are going to big cities to ________ for themselves．
6. More and more people tend to communicate with each other ________the Internet．
7. There is，________，one further point to make．
8. They ________ my son ________ chairman of the Students' Union．
9. There was ________ population in the 1990s，so the generation had to face the pressure from all aspects of life．
10. They ________ each other in colour．
【答案】
1. in the majority　 2. live on　 3. A large percentage of　 4. keep，up　
5. make a life　 6. by means of　 7. in addition　 8. elected，as　
9. a boom in　 10. are distinct from
三、单项填空
1. __________ the teacher _________ a burning candle, he helped the students to understand the function of
teachers.
A. Compared, to B. Comparing, with
C. Comparing, to D. Compared, with
【答案】C
2. —Can you tell us your __________for happiness and a long life
—Living every day to the full, definitely.
A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词。本题谈论的是幸福和长寿的秘诀,因此选择recipe。 recipe除了可以表示"食谱",还可以表示"秘诀"。
3. Though the Lakers have other superstars such as Nash, Gasol and Howard, whether Kobe will play in the next
season makes a to many LA fans.
A. distinction B. determination
C. declaration D. difference
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。make a difference"有影响,起作用",符合句意。distinction"区分";determination"决心";declaration"宣言,声明"。
4. After my bike was lost for two weeks, I found it a notice in the newspaper.
A.in relation to B.in terms of
C.by means of D.in response to
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语。句意:在我的自行车丢了两周后,我借助报纸上的一则启事找到了我的自行车。by means of"借助于",符合语境。in relation to"与……有关";in terms of"在……方面";in response to"作为对……的回应"。
5. —Tom, can I use your new computer
— ! It’s available now.
A. You said it B. No comment
C. Forget it D. By all means
【答案】D
6. One third of the country _________ covered with trees and the majority of citizens ________ Han people.
A.is ; are B.is；is
C. are；are D. are；is
【答案】A
【解析】考查主谓一致。one third of the country指该国国土面积的三分之一，是不可数名词，故用is；the majority of citizens指大多数公民，是可数名词，故谓语用复数，选A项。
7. It’s good habit to keep everything_______ in your study.
A.in the way B.in place
C.in hand D.in case
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：在学习中保持一切有秩序是个好习惯。A. in the way妨碍，挡道；B. in place适当的，在适当位置；C. in hand在手头；C. in hand万一，假使。故选B。
8. Whenever I am struck down, I will always ask myself ______ I can turn that setback into good.
A. why B. how C. what D. that
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：每当被击倒的时候，我总是会问自己如何把坏事变成好事。根据句意可知用how表示方式。
9. I joined him in turned out to be nearly an all-night job of getting the toy trains put together.
A. which B. what C. how D. that
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:我和他一起把玩具火车拼装起来,结果花了几乎一个通宵。空处引导宾语从句,且在宾语从句中作主语,故选B项。
10. Tom was to miss the early bus because he got up late.
A. possible B. probable C. likely D. maybe
【答案】C
11. —The film star appears very charming in public and talkative.
—Oh, yes！_________, he is also rather kind, generous and enthusiastic to his fans.
A. In addition B. As a result
C. In contrast D. Not really
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词短语。根据答语可知，第二个说话人是在补充第一个人的内容。 in addition“此外，而且”符合句意。A. In addition此外，而且；B. As a result结果；C. In contrast相反地D. Not really不全是。句意：---这个电影明星在公众场合很、潇洒很健谈。---哦，是的！此外，他对粉丝也很和蔼、慷慨和热情。故选A。
12. The reason ________ he didn’t come was ________ he was injured.
A. that, because B. why, that
C. why, because D. that, that
【答案】B
【解析】考查连词。句意：他为什么没有来的原因是他受伤了。The reason作先行词时，引导词在从句中作原因状语的话用why；本句was后面的表语从句中句子成份完整，用that引起，在从句中不作句子成份。故选B。
13. —Were all the three people in the car injured in the accident
—No, only the two passengers who got hurt.
A.it was B. there were
C. they were D. there was
【答案】A
14. Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry.
A. at B. in C. on D. by
【答案】B
【解析】句意：沿海地区的许多人靠渔业为生。根据句意可知，空处用in表示“在……方面”。
【易错点拨】此题有可能误选D，误以为沿海地区的许多人靠捕鱼这种方式生活，而忽略了fishing后的名词industry。
15. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, _________the old town into a dreamland.
A.turn B.turning
C.to turn D.turned
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:新建的小木屋排列在街道两边,使这个古镇变成了梦境。句中已经有谓语动词且前后句间没有连词连接,故空处要用非谓语动词。动词turn与其逻辑主语为主谓关系,故用现在 分词作结果状语。
四、句子改错
每句中有1处错误，找出并改正。
1．They are trying to teach these young children to make the life in China.
________________________________________________________
2．Do you think he is possible to attend the meeting
________________________________________________________
3．Sometimes drivers give him a tip，so that he has enough to live by.
______________________________________________________
4．The percent of middle school leavers that go to university is about 50%.
______________________________________________________
5．My family did their best to keep on the family tradition.
_______________________________________________________
6．The lake by the village is believed to claim a number of victims in the past 3 years.
______________________________________________________
7．In addition making art，he sold it，not only dealing his own work but that of other artists.
______________________________________________________
8．Of the first Spanish to go to California，the majority was religious men.
______________________________________________________
9．By the time California elected to becoming the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850，it was already a
multicultural society.
______________________________________________________
10. The oil workers tried every mean to find the oil under the sea.
______________________________________________________
【答案】
1. the→a 2. possible→likely 3. by→on 4. percent→percentage 5. on→up
6. claim→have claimed 7. addition后加to 8. was→were
9. becoming→become 10. mean→means
五、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
In the USA, many high schools and some universities have a special celebration once a year called Homecoming. Former students and teachers come back to the school to enjoy the memories of their time there and the many Homecoming activities. Homecoming might last for only one day or for several days, even one week.
High schools usually choose one boy and a girl from the senior class to be the “Homecoming King” and “Homecoming Queen”. The students usually choose a boy and a girl who have done greatest contributions to the school.
Most schools have a Homecoming parade. The school band will often lead the way, followed by many different cars and trucks.
Most schools also have a football game for Homecoming—and, of course, tailgate parties. A tailgate party is a group of people drinking and eating around the back of someone's pick-up truck.
There are many other activities that might be a part of the Homecoming celebration. There might be a school-wide picnic one day; another day may be plays, concerts, competitions or games, all depending on a school's traditions.
Homecoming celebrations nearly always end with a dance and/or a great dinner. The school is decorated beautifully, and a band is paid to come and play. Students dress up: guys in suits and girls in beautiful dresses.
1. Homecoming in the USA __________ .
A. might last from one day to one week
B. is held to celebrate the birth of schools
C. might be prepared for students only
D. is held only in high schools
2. “King and Queen of Homecoming” are chosen according to__________.
A. their beautiful appearance B. their athletic bodies
C. their excellent academic record D. what they have done to the school
3. All the activities might be found at the Homecoming except __________ .
A. a football game B. a picnic C. an exam D. a parade
4. The “tailgate party” means a party__________ .
A. held at the end of the celebration B. held outdoors with drinking and eating
C. with expensive things D. having stars celebrate together
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了美国高中和大学每年一次的特有典礼Homecoming。其中包括延续时间，各种活动等。
1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Homecoming might last for only one day or for several days, even one week.”可知，美国的Homecoming可延续到一天直至一个礼拜。故A选项正确。
3. C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章后三段中的“Most schools have a Homecoming parade….also have a football game for Homecoming—and, of course, tailgate parties….There might be a school-wide picnic…plays, concerts, competitions or games, …a dance and/or a great dinner.”可知，Homecoming举行的活动中不包括 考试。故C选项正确。
4. B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“A tailgate party is a group of people drinking and eating around the back of someone's pick-up truck.”可知，这种聚会是包括一群人户外吃吃喝喝等活动。故B选项正确。
B
You might think people all over the United States have Wi-Fi----wireless Internet service---and mobile phones. But there is no such service in Green Bank, West Virginia, a tiny town four hours from the U. S. capital, Washington D. C. Fewer than 150 people live in Green Bank, which has two churches, an elementary school and a public library. It is also home to the largest radio telescope in the world.
There is a ban(禁令)on Wi-Fi in Green Bank, along with anything else that can crate electromagnetic(电磁的)waves. Officials say the waves could disturb the signals(信号)the telescope receives.
For many Americans, a visit to Green Bank is a little like returning to the 1950s. To get there, you must read road signs---because there is no GPS service in the town. People can connect with the Internet through telephones, but wireless service is not allowed.
The observatory(天文台)is one of the largest employers in the area. The federal National Science Foundation (NSF)spends about $8.2 million a year to operate the observatory, telescope and educational center.
Jonah Bauserman is a technician. If he supposes there is a signal that is not allowed in the zone, he drives to the house where the signal is coming from and checks it. but once a week, when the device is cleaned, come banned devices are allowed near it.
People in the town respect the work of the scientists. And they say they are happy to live without Wi-Fi and mobile phones. “You know, instead of sitting here on our phones and other devices we’re out fishing and hunting and going to each other’s houses.” Everyone knows each other and communication is almost always face-to-face.
5. What will you are see when you pay a visit to Green Bank
A. GPS service B. Guide posts
C. Cell phone towers D. Radio-controlled toys
6. What is Jonah Bauserman’s duty in his work
A. Following signals from cell phones
B. Cleaning the telescope once a week
C. Listening for signals from outer space
D. Protecting the telescope from being affected
7. What has the telescope brought to the local people
A. Great wealth
B. Many job chances
C. A healthier lifestyle
D. Much difficulty in life
8. What may be the best title for this text
A. An American Town Without Wi-Fi and Mobile Phones
B. Good Relationships Between people in an American Town
C. The Largest Radio Telescope in the World
D. A Better Life Without Wireless Devices
【语篇解读】这篇文章主要介绍了一个没有手机与WIFI的美国小镇。
5. B【解析】细节理解题。由To get there, you must read road signs---because there is no GPS service in the town. 可知当你去Green Bank参观时，你会看到路标，选B。
7. C【解析】推理判断题。由And they say they are happy to live without Wi-Fi and mobile phones. “You know, instead of sitting here on our phones and other devices we’re out fishing and hunting and going to each other’s houses.” Everyone knows each other and communication is almost always face-to-face.可知望远镜给当地人 带来了一种更健康的生活方式，选C。
8. A【解析】主旨大意题。由全文的主题句You might think people all over the United States have Wi-Fi----wireless Internet service---and mobile phones. But there is no such service in Green Bank, West Virginia, a tiny town four hours from the U. S. capital, Washington D. C. Fewer than 150 people live in Green Bank, which has two churches, an elementary school and a public library.可知这篇文章主要介绍了一个没有手机与WIFI的美国 小镇，选A。
六、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Culture shock refers to the anxiety and feelings (of surprise, uncertainty, confusion, etc.) people feel when they have to operate within a different and unknown cultural or social environment, such as a foreign country.
Generally speaking, we could say that there are four stages of culture shock. The first stage is called “the honeymoon”. In this stage, you are excited about living in a different place. 　1　
The next stage is “the hostility(敌意)stage”. In this stage, you begin to notice not everything is as good as you originally thought it was. 　2　Moreover, people don’t treat you like a guest anymore.
Then you come to the third stage called “recovery”. In this stage, you start to feel more positive. 　3　The whole situation starts to become more favorable and you begin to learn to adapt yourself to it.
The last stage of culture shock is called “adjustment”. In this stage, you have reached a point where you actually feel good. 　4　The things that originally(起初) made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. Now you have adjusted to the new culture and you feel comfortable.
Not all individuals visiting another country will experience all these four stages. 　5　It also occurs within cultures as individuals move from place to place or from one setting to another (e.g., from high school to college).
A. You feel that friends should help each other to deal with culture shock.
B. And you come to understand everything you don’t understand.
C. In addition, culture shock is not limited to the overseas visitor.
D. You become tired of many things about the new culture.
E. You have learned enough to understand the new culture.
F. You begin to understand you need to travel a lot.
G. And everything seems to be wonderful and everybody seems to be so nice to you.
【语篇解读】对于每一件新事物、每一个新环境和每一种新文化，人们都需要去适应。在适应的过程中，人们都要经历四个阶段，即蜜月期、排斥期、恢复期和调整期。如果对此有充分的心理准备，人们就能够顺利地度过这四个阶段，最终融入到新环境和新文化中去。
2. D【解析】根据第三段中的“The next stage is ‘the hostility stage’. In this stage, you begin to notice not everything is as good as you originally thought it was.”可知，在被称为“排斥期”的第二阶段，你开始注 意到（在新文化中）一切并不像你原来想像得那么美好。人们也不再把你当客人对待了（people don’t treat you like a guest anymore.）。伴随而来的应该是对新文化的失落和厌倦。“You become tired of many things about the new culture.”符合语境。选择D项。
3. B【解析】根据第四段中“Then you come to the third stage called ‘recovery’. In this stage, you start to feel more positive.”可知，接下来你进入了被称为“恢复期”的第三阶段，你开始感觉比较积极（对待身边 事物）；整个局面开始变得比较有利，你开始学会了让自己去适应局面（The whole situation starts to become more favorable and you begin to learn to adapt yourself to it.）。那么你是如何积极适应新文化的 呢？“And you come to understand everything you don’t understand.”（你开始了解一切你不理解的东西） 符合语境。选择B项。
5. C【解析】根据最后一段中的“Not all individuals visiting another country will experience all these four stages.” 可知，上述四个阶段，并非所有去外国的人才会经历。上述阶段也发生在一个文化的内部，当一个人 从一个地方搬到另外一个地方，或从一个环境到另外一个环境（It also occurs within cultures as individuals move from place to place or from one setting to another）。这说明文化冲击并不只是局限于那些出国的人。 “In addition, culture shock is not limited to the overseas visitor.”符合语境。选择C项。
七、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Before accepting a job offer, you should consider 　1　the job is really what you want to do. Why are you interested in this position
The reason for 　2　(take) a job mainly depend on your desires and your ability. It may be okay to take a job that is not something you 　3　(real) want to do right now, if it allows you to get into a 　4　(good) position in the future.
Furthermore, you should consider the company 　5　offers you the position. Is it a good company 　6　(work) for Do they share your values If not, does this matter 　7　you
One of the most 　8　(satisfy) parts of a job for many people is that the job 　9　(challenge) them. It allows them to think and focus on 　10　(problem).It’s more than just a desk job.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要告诉我们如何去接受一项工作。
1. whether/if 考查宾语从句。在接受一项工作之前，你得考虑那是否是你所想要的。所以这里用 if/whether来引导宾语从句。
2. taking 考查非谓语动词。介词for后面的动词要用其ing形式。
3. really 考查词性转换。修饰动词want要用副词really。
4. better 考查比较级的用法。如果你想得到更好的未来，接受一项你不想要的工作也行。
5. that/which 考查定语从句。接着，你要考虑雇佣你的那家公司。“____offers you the position”是一个定 语从句，而且从句内部确实主语，因此使用关系代词which/that。
9. challenges 考查谓语动词的时态。人们觉得挑战性是工作中最令人满意的部分。这里是表语从句的 谓语部分。根据主语job和上文的时态，这里该用一般现在时的第三人称单数修饰。
10. problems 考查名词复数。工作中具有挑战性的部分能让人思考和专注于问题的解决。