选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity Using Language课时同步练习

Unit 1 A land of diversity
第3节 Using Language
一、单词拼写
根据句意和汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. The business of this shop is (迅速发展) so that customers come with delight from far and
near.
2. We (推选) James chairman, for he was hard-working and responsible.
3. He caught the ball, and then it (滑动) through his fingers.
4. I won't agree to drive there; there's (无处) to park.
5. A group of educators are helping to (改革) the educational system in the country.
6. His attitude (表明) that he hadn't heard of what you have said.
7. Having gone through plenty of (艰难), he becomes stronger both in mind and in body.
8. He was told to clean the classroom for a week as a (惩罚).
9. After suffering such unfair treatment, the child felt there was no (正义) in the world.
10. (抓住) any opportunity that comes to you, and you'll succeed.
11. My father h three men to help him with the harvest last summer.
12. I was driving along the street looking for a place to park when the accident o .
13. He fell asleep in class. A , he stayed up late last night.
14. The vice president indicated that all a for the post should have a master's degree.
15. He didn't realize that he had left his l at the station until he arrived home.
【答案】
1. booming 2. elected 3. slipped 4. nowhere 5. reform
6. indicated 7. hardships 8. punishment 9. justice 10. Grasp
11. hired 12. occurred 13. Apparently 14. applicants 15. luggage
二、单项填空
1. The news that Helen won the first prize _________ her family and friends.
A. challenged B. supported C. defeated D. delighted
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。challenge挑战；support支持；defeat击败；delight使高兴。句意：Helen获得第一名这个消息使她的家人和朋友都很高兴。
2. Though he has lived in America for five years, he doesn’t intend to __________American citizenship.
A. apply for B. stand for
C. take over D. set up
【答案】A
3. It suddenly _____ to the detective that the professor was probably murdered by his own wife.
A. occurred B. came about
C. took place D. happened
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词和动词短语辨析。occur除了表示“发生”外，还可表示“被想起，被想到”，It occurred to sb. that意为“某人突然想到……”，而其他选项均无此含义，故答案选A。
4. —Housing price is still very high.
―So it is. Many families are finding suitable housing _________.
A. beyond their grasp B. within their reach
C. beyond their control D. under control
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意为：——房价仍然很高。——是的，很多家庭发现房价还是超出了他们的购买能力。beyond grasp意为“无法把握、超出范围”；within reach意为“触手可及”；beyond control意为“超出范围、无法控制”；under control意为“控制之内”，故A项正确。
5. You should keep your promise unless we of you giving away the plan to the public.
A. dream B. approve C. consist D. complain
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词。句意:你应该遵守你的诺言,除非我们同意你向公众透露该计划。approve of"同意……",故选B项。
6. To help the blind, young Louis Braille created a system _________ six raised dots representing different letter;
_____ the blind can easily recognize Brail with the fingers now.
A. made up of; but B. consisted of; thus
C. making up of; but D. consisting of; thus
【答案】D
7. Since his father got ill in hospital last year, Tom has the running of the family firm from his old
father.
A. taken over B. taken off
C. taken up D. taken on
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:自汤姆的父亲去年生病住院以来,汤姆就从年迈的父亲手里接管了这个家族企业。take over "接管",符合语境。take off "脱下,起飞";take up "占据,从事";take on"呈现,承担(责任)"。
8. A responsible government should both the development of the economy and the conservation of the
environment.
A. take in B. pick on C. push for D. turn over
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:一个有责任感的政府不仅应该争取经济的发展,还应该努力保护环境。take in"吸收"; pick on"选择";push for"反复要求,施压争取",符合语境;turn over"翻转,移交"。
9. We had ______ fun at Mary's party last Sunday, which was an impressive memory.
A. a large number of B. a great many
C. a great deal of D. many a
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意为：上周日Mary的派对很有趣，给我留下了深刻的回忆。a large number of意为“很多”，修饰可数名词复数；a great many意为“很多”，修饰可数名词复数；a great deal of意为“很多”，修饰不可数名词；many a意为“很多”，修饰可数名词复数。
10. Children dream of being sporting superstars doctors and lawyers when they grow up.
A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. less than
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定短语。other than“除了……”，rather than“而不是……”；more than“更……；不仅仅”；less than“不如……；少于……”。结合句意，孩子们梦想他们长大后成为体坛明星而不是医生和律师，故选B项。
11. The contract cannot be signed by anyone _______ yourself.
A. better than B. more than C. rather than D. other than
【答案】D
12. Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn’t have found it ________.
A. nowhere B. however
C. otherwise D. instead
【答案】C
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意:谢谢你给我们指明方向,否则我们不可能找到这栋房子。otherwise表示＂否则＂, 符合语境。而nowhere＂无处＂,however＂然而＂,instead＂取代＂,均不符合句意。
三、完成句子
1. 我想起我把伞忘在了楼上。
________________ I had left my umbrella upstairs.
2. 他们与另一家合租一所房子。
They ________________ a house.
3. 五一期间，许多游客涌上泰山。
________________________poured into Mount Tai during May Day.
4. 他的狗哪儿都找不到。
His dog was ________________.
5. 因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
________________，this article was not so good.
6. 我上周写了封信给那个公司申请经理的职位。
I wrote a letter to__________________the position as a manager in that company last week.
7. 欺骗我没那么容易。
It is not easy for you to__________________.
8. 他直接前往巴黎，未在任何地方停留过。
He ______________to Paris without stopping anywhere.
9. 他们用白漆把网球场地划了出来。
They _____________the tennis court with white paint.
10. 我的酒店在哪里？我该走哪条路呢？
Where is my hotel Which is_________________________？
【答案】
1.It occurred to me that　 2.teamed up with another family to rent　
3.A great many tourists　 4.nowhere to be found　
5.Written in a hurry 6. apply for 7. take me in
8. went straight 9. marked out 10. the way to go
四、用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空
team up with， mark out， rather than， take in， feel like， back to back，
go exploring， apply for， a good/great many， settle in
1．When we first got to America，we bought a map on which the streets that each parade would travel along
were________．
2．Lydia doesn’t ________ studying abroad．Her parents are old．
3．In New Orleans we ________ several other people，so we could enjoy Mardi Gras in safety．
4．You need to stay in Shandong at least two weeks if you want to________all the tourist places．
5．Stand________and don’t talk to each other．
6．In the snowstorm，________students are waiting in long lines to sign for the art test．
7．Zeng Xiaoyu has________a passport to the UK．
8．They come to a whole new world when they________．
9．People began to________the places where the food and water were plentiful．
10．I prefer to walk there________take a bus．
【答案】
1．marked out　 2．feel like　 3．teamed up with　 4．take in　
5．back to back　 6．a good/great many　 7．applied for　 8．go exploring　
9．settle in　 10．rather than
五、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Most nations have at least one type of food that people from other countries think is unusual or unethical（不道德的）to eat. In France, people eat horse meat and frog legs. In South Korea and parts of China, restaurants serve dog meat. And in Australia, it’s common to cook kangaroo meat on the barbecue and use emu（鸸鹋）eggs to make pancakes.
The kangaroo and emu are native to Australia. Both animals are important to the national image of Australia and appear on the Australian coat of arms. They’re also central figures in the history of the indigenous（土生土长的）Australian Aboriginals（土著人）. However, Aboriginal tribes still hunt these animals for their meat, fur and fat.
Today, Australian people continue to eat these animals. One of the reasons people eat kangaroo meat is that it’s high in protein and low in fat, so eating kangaroo is a good option for anyone on a diet. It’s also cheaper to eat kangaroo meat than other red meats. Because of this, a lot of university students choose to buy kangaroo meat. BBC News also reported that Australian scientists believe that eating kangaroo meat is good for the environment--kangaroos have different digestive systems than cows and sheep, meaning they produce less methane（甲烷），the second biggest contributor to global warming.
While emu meat is high in iron and vitamin C, most people don’t think it tastes good. For this reason, they prefer emu eggs. One egg is large enough to make seven omelettes（煎蛋）. And while it’s illegal to collect emu eggs from the wild, they can be bought from emu farms. Rather than cracking the beautiful dark shell, it’s better to drain it by putting a small hole at each end and blowing. Afterwards, you can even carve a design into the eggshell.
1. The author mentioned the meat-eating customs of different countries at the beginning of the article to __________.
A. present different cultures’ meat-eating preferences
B. suggest that people try to understand other countries’ diets
C. introduce the consumption of kangaroo meat and emu eggs in Australia
D. compare different eating habits among different countries
2. According to the article, the kangaroo __________.
A. is not considered precious in Australia
B. is considered healthy and environmentally friendly to eat
C. faces extinction due to hunting by Aboriginal tribes
D. contains large amounts of iron and vitamins in its meat
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE about emu eggs
A. Emu eggs taste terrible but are nutritious.
B. The shells of emu eggs are not difficult to break.
C. It’s common for Australians to collect emu eggs from the wild.
D. Emu egg shells can be used to create art.
【语篇解读】每个国家都有自己吃肉的风俗，本文介绍澳大利亚人喜欢吃kangaroo meat and emu eggs。
2. B【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中One of the reasons people eat kangaroo meat is that it’s high in protein and low in fat, so eating kangaroo is a good option for anyone on a diet. --- BBC News also reported that Australian scientists believe that eating kangaroo meat is good for the environment-可知吃the kangaroo 肉健康环保。故选B。
3. D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Afterwards, you can even carve a design into the eggshell.可 知Emu egg shells能被用来创造艺术。故选D。
B
When I was in university, I spent a semester studying abroad at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, Scotland. In my brief time there, I came to love Scotland for its local culture, food and scenery .
You might think, “Scotland isn’t so different from the US; they still speak English there!” But when I stepped off the plane, I was greeted by a gruff-voiced (声音粗哑的) lady at customs. “You’ll be coming from America, then ” she asked me, and I nodded. “But all of our lads (小伙子) are leaving Glasgow for the States!” Her thick Scottish English and sense of humor were obvious right away. I was not in the US anymore, where customs agents never joke around.
As I settled in at the university, I could feel myself getting used to hearing and even speaking the Scottish English of my customs agent. In classroom discussions, people would say “em” when they couldn’t think of what to say instead of “um”. After the first few weeks, I stopped chuckling about this. Strathclyde students stayed up late into the night, running around campus and shouting, “Here weh, here weh, here weh (curse word])go! Lat’s go, lat’s go, lat’s go (curse word) Glasgow!” Pretty soon, I was no longer saying “thanks” at the supermarket – instead, I said “cheers”.
My Scottish friends drank whiskey and ate haggis (羊杂碎布丁), a hearty dish made from sheep’s heart, liver and lungs. I drank plenty of whiskey but I’m ashamed to admit that I wasn’t brave enough to try haggis. Scottish bakeries usually sell bridies (肉馅饼), pies filled with salt and pepper, sliced onions, steak, butter and fat. Add a cup of tea – though I usually Americanized it by choosing coffee instead – and a bridie makes for a delicious breakfast.
Every time I took a train anywhere in Scotland, I’d gaze out at the rolling hills and wonder if grass was greener anywhere else in the world. Then I’d reflect that there’s a reason this country was the birthplace of golf.
4. How did the author feel when he was greeted by the lady at customs
A. Amused B. Embarrassed
C. Excited D. Relaxed
5. Which of the following statements is true
A. Most Scottish people prefer coffee to tea.
B. The author fell in love with Scottish whiskey and bridies
C. Coffee and haggis are traditionally combined in the Scottish breakfast.
D. The author found it hard of understand the Scottish accent.
6. Which of the following can replace the underlined word in paragraph 3
A. Talking loudly
B. Whispering angrily
C. Hearing carefully
D. Laughing quiely
7. What is the article mainly about
A. The traditional food and drinks in Scotland.
B. The author’s experience in Scotland as an exchange student.
C. A comparison between Scottish English and American English.
D. Suggestions about how to enjoy Scottish culture, food and scenery.
【语篇解读】本文属于游学类文章。作者作为交流生在苏格兰的一个学期的生活经历，作者主要在文化、饮食、风景等方面讲述了苏格兰给他留下的深刻印象。
5. B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中最后一句“. In my brief time there, I came to love Scotland for its local culture, food and scenery”和第四段中的“I drank plenty of whiskey…Scottish bakeries usually sell bridies…a bridie makes for a delicious breakfast.”由这两处分析在短短的时间内作者开始爱上了苏格兰的当地文化、 美食和风景， 也可判断出作者喜欢喝whiskey吃苏格兰面包店通常卖的bridie。
7. B【解析】主旨大意题。本文第一段第一句第一段第一句“When I was in university, I spent a semester studying abroad at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, Scotland.”我上大学时，在格拉斯哥苏格兰的斯凯莱德 大学学习了一学期。接着作者主要在文化、饮食、风景等方面讲述了苏格兰给他留下的深刻印象。综 合分析，可推断出作者介绍了作为交流生在苏格兰的一个学期的生活经历，故选B。
六、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You know that you have everything to be thankful for：a loving family，a pretty good job，and a healthy working body．Still，you keep feeling that what you have just isn’t enough．Sure，you can be happier by making some life changes． 1 It will make you more likely to start enjoying that sunshine instead of complaining about sunburn．
Live in the present．
The people who are the happiest with their lives are able to enjoy and hug the present moment． 2 Focus on what the day will bring you instead of what happened yesterday or what you’ll be able to change about tomorrow.
3
Though your life may not be perfect in the moment，there are surely some things that you can be very grateful for，whether it’s your loving family，your amazing friends，your health，your cool new job，or your amazing home．You probably don’t have all of these things but surely there are a few things you can remind yourself to be grateful for every single day．
Stop comparing yourself to others．
Stop thinking about how big your neighbor’s house is，how great your friend Jack’s job is，or how perfect your best friend’s relationship is．You’ll never get anywhere if you compare yourself to others． 4
Hang out with people who are satisfied with their lives．
Surround yourself with people who are good influences．They will show you that there are all kinds of ways to be happy，and will maybe even give you some tips for how to walk to difficult situations． 5 They are more likely to come up with some reasons to be unhappy．
A．Be grateful for what you have．
B．What if there is a major obstacle standing in your way
C．Take some time to enjoy exactly what you’re doing right now．
D．The easiest way to be satisfied with your life is to adjust yourself positively．
E．Avoid people looking for reasons to be upset with their life．
F．But if you drop comparing completely，you’ll only be doing yourself a favor．
G．Get regular exercise with friends every day．
【语篇解读】我们要感恩拥有的一切，快乐健康生活。文章介绍了几点具体做法。
4. F【解析】本段讲不要和别人攀比，上句讲攀比的具体表现及危害，F项与上句对比讲不攀比的好处，故 选F.
5. E【解析】本段讲要与对生活满意的人在一起，上句讲这些人对自己的积极影响；下句讲对生活不满意的 人的消极影响，E项与上句对比与下句连接，故选E.
七、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
There are usually parents and two children in a typical British family. In most British families both parents 　1　. Very young children go to nursery schools or stay at home with a child minder(照顾者). 　2　 people usually live in their own homes or a nursing home if they cannot look after themselves. British parents 　3　 to spend their free time with their children going to the cinema, museums or parks. During the weekend they 　4　 have dinner together.
Americans often 　5　 from city to city or from state to state. For this reason American 　6　 live far away from their relatives. However, 　7　 keep in touch with each other by telephone or letter. During holidays or at celebrations like Thanksgiving, families often visit each other. A(n) 　8　 American family is the same as a British family. Both parents work. 　9　 British families, American parents try to spend time with their children at weekends. They often 　10　 museums. They also go to the cinema or the park.
There are many 　11　 kinds of houses in the UK. In the countryside you can see small, pretty houses, and in the towns and cities you can see many 　12　 of flats. More than half of the people in the UK 　13　 their houses. Other people rent houses or flats. British people like to feel 　14　 and safe in their homes. They like to make their homes and gardens look attractive. Perhaps that’s 　15　 gardening and DIY are the most popular pastimes.
The buildings in American cities are 　16　 to those in British cities. There are tall tower blocks, skyscrapers and large brick buildings. 　17　, the houses are very different in the suburbs. A lot of Americans live in wooden houses with front and back　18　. Two thirds of Americans own their homes. Other Americans 　19　 houses, apartments or rooms. Americans are usually very house-proud and 　20　 their homes very well.
1. A. study B. play C. work D. stay
2. A. Young B. Old C. Rich D. Poor
3. A. pretend B. offer C. agree D. try
4. A. usually B. seldom C. hardly D. never
5. A. build B. repair C. change D. move
6. A. schools B. families C. hospitals D. churches
7. A. he B. we C. I D. they
8. A. special B. small C. typical D. important
9. A. Like B. For C. As D. In
10. A. search B. protect C. leave D. visit
11. A. modern B. different C. strong D. large
12. A. pieces B. crowds C. blocks D. stories
13. A. own B. sell C. buy D. lend
14. A. proud B. lucky C. frightened D. comfortable
15. A. when B. why C. where D. how
16. A. useful B. convenient C. similar D. difficult
17. A. However B. Though C. Because D. Until
18. A. doors B. rooms C. lights D. gardens
19. A. choose B. rent C. lose D. take
20. A. drop out of B. keep us with C. take care of D. catch sight of
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英美两国的人在工作、生活和住房等方面的一些情况。
4. A 他们周末通常会在一起吃饭。故选A。
5. D 根据下文中的"For this reason American 　　 live far away from their relatives."可知,他们经常搬家。 故选D。
6. B 美国人经常搬家,所以和亲戚距离较远。
7. D 上文提到美国人亲属之间往往离得很远,由此可知,应用they。
8. C 比较典型的美国家庭和英国家庭是一样的,由此可知,这里选typical"典型的,有代表性的"。
9. A 和英国家庭一样,美国父母也会在周末与孩子共处。故选A。
10. D 根据文意可知,这里指"参观博物馆"。故选D。
11. B 后面提到了英国不同类型的房子,所以这里意为"在英国有许多不同种类的房子"。
12. C 在城镇你能看见许多公寓大楼。block在此指"大楼"。
13. A 下文提到"其他人租房子",所以此处意为"一半以上的英国人有自己的房子"。own"拥有"。
14. D 英国人喜欢自己家里舒服、安全的感觉。故选D。
15. B 根据上文"英国人喜欢让房子和花园看起来有吸引力"可知,这就是园艺或DIY成为最受欢迎的消遣 的原因。
16. C 根据下文的叙述可知,美国和英国的建筑是相似的。
17. A 上文谈到美国城市的住房情况,下文谈郊区的情况,由下文中的"very different in the suburbs"可知,上 下文之间存在转折关系。故选A。
18. D 根据文意可知,美国郊区的房子前后都有花园,而前后都有"门"、"灯"、"房间"都不是其特殊之处。
19. B 三分之二的美国人都拥有自己的房子,所以其他的美国人应该是租房子,与前文中谈英国住房时提 到的"Other people rent houses or flats."相一致。
20. C 美国人通常都热衷于收拾自己的家,所以这里指"他们会把自己的房子照看得很好"。
八、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned a farm, which looked almost abandoned. 1 (lucky),he also had a cow 2 (produce) milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 3 (leave).The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass 4 it began to rain heavily. While making great 5 (effort) to run away, she 6 (fall) over the hill and died. Then Johnson tried to make 7 living without the cow. In order to support his family, Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs（草药）and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees 8 (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children＇s clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market 9 people from the town met regularly. Now 10 occurred to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.
【语篇解读】这篇文章主要讲了约翰逊先生一家赖以生存的奶牛摔死后，他反而开发出更多资源，生活的更好了，因祸得福。
3. was left 【解析】考查语态。＂牛奶＂与＂剩下＂之间是被动关系，用被动语态，而且是发生在过去 　的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，填was left。
4. when 【解析】考查连词。一天，当这只奶牛正在吃草的时候，天上开始下大雨。表示＂当……时 　候＂，用when。
5. efforts 【解析】考查固定用法。make great efforts努力，是固定用法，所以填efforts。
6. fell 【解析】考查时态。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，填fell。
7. a 【解析】考查固定短语。make a living谋生，是固定短语，所以填a。
8. to sell 【解析】考查不定式。为了卖木材，他开始砍树。表示目的，所以用不定式，填to sell。
9. where 【解析】考查定语从句。______ people from the town met regularly. 是一个定语从句，关系词 在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。
10. it 【解析】考查固定句型。It occurred to sb. that突然想到，是固定句型，填it。
九、书面表达
假定你是李华,你的英国网友Peter写信询问你如何度过你的业余时间以及这样度过业余时间的好处,请你给他写封回信。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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【参考范文】
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to hear from you. Actually, I spend most of my spare time reading.
I have been in love with reading since I was young, and reading has become an important part of my life. The small size and the light weight of reading materials make it very convenient for me to put them into my handbag so that I can read whenever and wherever I go.
I usually get lost in reading, through which I can explore the beauty of the world and enjoy much fun. Besides, by reading, the wisdom of great authors can broaden my horizons and help me become a learned man. How do you spend your spare time Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua