必修4Unit 2 Working the land Using Language 课时同步练习

一、单句语法填空
1. The government is trying to ________（reducing）pollution to an even lower level so that we can have a better environment.
2. It was obvious that Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen became the focus ________media attention.
3. There is no point arguing about what led to the accident, I’d rather you ________（focus） the victims of it.
4. With all his attention ________（focus）on his experiment, he has no time to spend with his family.
5. One primary goal of UNESCO is to build ________ a modern knowledge society in which all people can participate in information and knowledge.
6. Her husband had ________（build）a large business during his lifetime.
7. Her poor English often ________（lead）misunderstanding when she first went to England many years ago.
8. It was thanks ________ your stupidity that we lost the game.
9. —Do you regret ________（bring）up your opinion that every child should take part in service learning?
—No. On the contrary, I think it is very necessary.
10. She ________ （comment）that it was a better play than usual, and I agreed with her opinion.
【答案】

3. focused on 【解析】would rather后面的句子使用过去时表示虚拟语气，focus on意为＂集中（注意力）于……＂。句意：讨论什么导致事故是没有意义的，我愿你把注意力关注在它的受害者（身上）。
4. focused 【解析】句意：由于把注意力全放在实验上,他没有时间陪家人。此处使用了with复合结构，attention和focus之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词，短语focus one’s attention on意为＂把注意力集中在……上＂。
5. up 【解析】句意：联合国教科文组织的一个基本目标就是构建一个现代的知识型社会，在这个社会中，所有人都能共享知识和信息。build up建立。
6. built up 【解析】句意：她的丈夫在有生之年建立了一个庞大的企业。build up建立，逐步增强。
7. led to 【解析】 句意：当她多年前第一次去英国时，她蹩脚的英语经常导致误会。lead to导致。
8. to 【解析】句意：就是由于你的愚笨,我们才输了比赛。thanks to幸亏，由于。
二、完成句子
1. 你的努力会使你成功。
Your hard work will __________ __________ your success.
2. 平衡的饮食和规律的锻炼能够强健我们的体魄，让我们远离疾病。
Balanced diets as well as regular exercise can __________ __________ our body and __________ us __________ __________ illnesses.
3. 请把你的精力集中在你的学业上。
Please __________ your energy __________ your studies.
4. 这种产品的生产成本下降了三分之一。
The production cost of this product was __________ __________ __________ __________.
5. 令我后悔的是，我没有去帮助我的朋友。
__________ __________ __________, I didn’t go to help my friend.
6. 我希望能够对你的计划提出我的看法，但没有时间。
I wish I could __________ __________ __________. But there is no time.
【答案】
1. lead to 2. build up; keep; free; from
3. focus; on 4. reduced by a third
5. To my regret 6. comment on/upon your plan
三、单项填空
1. Congratulations! It seemed that our boss was ___________ with your work today.
A. dishonest B. confused
C. satisfied D. disturbed
【答案】C
【解析】根据 Congratulations！可知此处表示老板对你的工作感到满意。be satisfied with 对……感到满意。
2. It was obvious that the Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen became the __________ of media attention.
A. discovery B. focus
C. summary D. comment
【答案】B
【解析】句意：很明显，哥本哈根气候变化会议成为媒体关注的焦点。discovery 发现；focus中心点，焦点；summary总结，摘要；comment评论，议论。
3. In order to know more people, it is important ___________ your contact list beyond just family and friends.
A. expanding B. to expand
C. expanded D. having expanded
【答案】B
4. —What do you think of our manager, Mr Smith?
—He is really ___________ success in his career, but in a way he is ___________ failure in his family.
A. a; / B. the; the
C. a; a D. /; /
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。success和failure此时都是抽象名词具体化，前面通常要加不定冠词a。a success/failure 在此表示＂一个成功/失败的人＂。
5. It is ___________ ill health that she is now not so active in the movement.
A. instead of B. in place of
C. thanks to D. in face of
【答案】C
【解析】考查短语辨析。thanks to 因为，由于。此句用了强调句型It is... that...，强调 thanks to ill health。instead of 代替，而不是……；in place of 代替，取代；in face of 面对。
6. Since the time humankind started gardening, we to make our environment more beautiful.
A. try B. have been trying
C. are trying D. will try
【答案】B
【解析】Since 作为介词，后接某一确定的时间点，主句谓语动词是延续性动词，常与现在完成时、现在完成进行时或过去完成时连用，故选B。句意：自从人类开始做园艺，我们一直尽力使我们的环境更美丽。故B正确。
7. The girl has a great interest in sport and _____________ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.
A. took B. is taking C. takes D. has been taking
【答案】D
【解析】若时间状语为＂in/for/over the past /last ＋一段时间＂，动词应用现在完成进行时，表示＂一直在……＂。句意：那个女孩对运动很感兴趣，在过去的三年中她每周参加两次羽毛球课程。
8. Bears ___________ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.
A. pack up B. build up C. bring up D. take up
【答案】B
9. When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to __________it with important points.
A. conclude B. lead C. avoid D. hold
【答案】A
【解析】句意：当小组讨论即将结束的时候，要注意确保用要点来总结讨论内容。所以应该用conclude表示＂得出结论，作出总结＂，选A项。lead带领，通向；avoid避免；hold容纳。
10. —Tony, why are your eyes red?
—I up peppers for the last five minutes.
A. cut B. was cutting
C. had cut D. have been cutting
【答案】D
【解析】由时间状语for the last five minutes可分析出该动作由过去一直延续到现在（可能到将来），因此要用现在完成进行时来表示。故D选项正确。句意：——Tony，你的眼睛为什么是红的？——那是因为近五分钟以来我一直在切辣椒。
四、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
August 8, was Earth Overshoot Day. Calculated annually by the environmental advocacy(支持，拥护) group, Global Footprint Network (GFN), it is the day when human has consumed all the natural resources — produce, meat, fish, water, and wood — that our planet can regenerate(再生) in a single year. This means that for the rest of 2016, we will be using natural resources that are impossible to replace.
For those that are a little confused, it is similar to spending your entire year’s allowance by August and then borrowing money from friends, knowing fully well that you cannot repay the loan. GFN says that the same thing happens in the case of the Earth.
The date of Earth Overshoot Day varies each year. In an ideal, fully sustainable world, we should only spend what we have. This means that Earth Overshoot Day would fall on December 31, or perhaps even spill into the following year, indicating that we are saving some resources for a rainy day. That did happen in 1961, when we only consumed three-quarters of what the planet produced.
Unfortunately, the day has been going up rapidly since 2014 when it fell on August 19. In 2015, it was August 13, and this year, the earliest so far — August 8! The only way to sustain this demand would be to have 1.6 earths, which as we all know, is not possible.
Fortunately, experts say that the situation is not as grim as it sounds. Many countries are already taking steps to reduce carbon emissions, which accounts for 60% of our ecological footprint, by switching to solar or wind-generated power.
Individuals can also help by eating less meat, walking, biking, or taking public transportation, as well as adopting the three R’s: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle. If we all work together, we can help push back Earth Overshoot Day to December 31, or even beyond!
1. What did the author compare your entire year’s allowance to?
A. All the natural resources on the earth in a single year.
B. All the natural resources that we can save in a single year.
C. All the resources that our planet can’t regenerate in a single year.
D. All the natural resources that our planet can regenerate in a single year.
2. What can be learnt about Earth Overshoot Day from the text?
A. The date of Earth Overshoot Day doesn’t vary each year.
B. Earth Overshoot Day’s falling on December 31 is the best.
C. The earlier Earth Overshoot Day falls on, the more friendly to the earth we are.
D. The later Earth Overshoot Day falls on, the more friendly to the earth we are.
3. What does the underlined word ＂grim＂ in paragraph5 mean?
A. terrible B. positive C. hopeful D. changeable
4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. A Warning: Earth Overshoot Day
B. A Celebration: Earth Overshoot Day
C. A Reminder: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle
D. An Advertisement: Global Footprint Network
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文是一篇环保类说明文。文章介绍了Earth Overshoot Day。今年在八月八号我们就已经消耗掉今年全年的可再生资源，接着又介绍了Earth Overshoot Day的计算方法。通过介绍Earth Overshoot Day，作者呼吁人们减少资源浪费。

2. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段得知理想状态是Earth Overshoot Day是在12月31号，落在第二年更好，这一天到来得越晚，说明我们耗费的可再生资源就越少。故选D项。其余三项与文章内容不符。
3. A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据关键词Fortunately和下文各国采取措施可知，此句是说专家们称情况不像听起来那么糟糕。故选A。
4. A 【解析】标题归纳题。今年的Earth Overshoot Day是八月八号，即我们今年在八月八号就已经消耗掉我们今年全年的可再生资源。本文通过介绍Earth Overshoot Day告诉人们要减少资源浪费，所以最佳标题应是A项。
B
What’s the most important factor to our well-being? Money? Happiness?
I would argue good health. In fact, I would say true happiness is hard to experience in the absence of good health.
If you’re an urban resident, your city may be working against your pursuit of good health. Modern city design has made our lives more efficient. But one important aspect has been lost: labour. We are using our bodies less and less and there are consequences to those actions. Or should I say inaction.
Health and longevity are strongly associated with fitness. I know it seems like we are overwhelmed with an obesity crisis, but most research tells us that fitness comes in all shapes and sizes. So our main problem is a lack of activity. Poor physical fitness is a risk factor comparable to high blood pressure, high cholesterol(胆固醇), diabetes(糖尿病) and even smoking.
How can city design better influence health? Urban planners need to work with health professionals. Here are a few suggestions: Walking to the store should always be an option. You shouldn’t have to be a thrill seeker to navigate city streets on a bike. Why not design parks that have equipment adults can use to exercise? By integrating movement into our everyday activities through supportive city design, we are creating an opportunity for better fitness. A low level of fitness will do more than hurt your own health. Parents’ levels of fitness can also influence their children’s health. If you are a couch potato, you may gift your children with couch potato genes.
At least some of the answers lie in city designs that push us in a new direction. This won’t happen overnight. This is what writer Carl Honoré would call a slow fix. It’s hard to change habits so we need to have a long-term plan. We are creating a generation that will die younger than their parents. It is time to turn back the clock.
5. In the writer’ opinion, an overweight person_____________.
A. can be healthy B. should lose weight
C. can easily develop a disease D. must be healthier
6. Why does the writer mention ＂coach potato＂in the fifth paragraph?
A. To prove coach potato is unhealthy.
B. To show children often get potatoes as gifts.
C. To show parents like to give children potatoes for nutrition.
D. To suggest parents are responsible for children’s fitness.
7. According to the writer, a better city design should ___________.
A. let citizens to involve in the city design
B. be made by urban planners
C. create chances for people to work out
D. take people’s habits into consideration
8. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. The Improvement of Modern City Design.
B. The Ways to Improve City Design.
C. The Relationship Between City Design and Health.
D. The Physical Fitness City Design Brings to People.
【答案】
【语篇解读】城市化已经成为一个世界性的潮流。但是伴随着城市化进程的是城市中人们健康问题的出现。在本文中作者认为城市的设计要考虑到增加人们锻炼的机会，比如，增加配备有健身器材的公园等。

6. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据语境可以判断这句话是对前句内容＂Parents’ levels of fitness can also influence their children’s health.＂的举例说明，故选D。
7. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的＂By integrating movement into our everyday activities through supportive city design, we are creating an opportunity for better fitness.＂可知答案选C 。
8. C 【解析】主旨大意题。文章开头提出健康的重要性，引出现代城市设计对健康的不良影响，以及作者对此提出的建议，由此判断文章主要介绍现代城市设计和健康的关系，选C。
五、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you find yourself checking your phone first thing in the morning — before even getting out of bed, you may be addicted. Overuse of your cell phone can lead to reduced quality of personal relationships and lack of productivity in daily life. 1
Going on a Cell Phone Diet
2 You can set an alarm on your phone to alert you when you have reached your maximum time. For example, you can allow yourself to use your phone only from 6 pm—7 pm. You can also set up specific time not to use your phone, such as while you are at work or school.
Creating No-Phone Time Zones
The truth of the matter is having a cell phone close by at work is common, and sometimes even required. But if you are constantly getting distracted by your phone going off — you won’t remain focused on the work in front of you, decreasing productivity. 3 This means that for at least 2 hours of your day(when you’re most productive work happens) you close off your phone and stay completely dedicated to the work in front of you.
4
If you have a specific plan for each day and you are focusing on your responsibilities, you will have less time to spend on your phone. The bonus is that you will spend more time focusing on your goals and being productive. 5 Or spend more time doing things that need to be finished, whether it’s chores or parents wanting a family day or time together.
Now it’s your turn. Let’s inspire each other to live healthier, happier, more meaningful lives by not caving into a phone addiction.
A. Keeping busy.
B. Create a plan for your phone use.
C. Here are some tips to manage your phone addiction.
D. Limit your cell phone use to certain time of the day.
E. Therefore, I advocate for setting up a no-phone time-zone.
F. Try taking up a new hobby like knitting, sewing or playing an instrument.
G. Try downloading an application that tracks your cell phone use like Checky.
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文对如何改善手机控提出了几条建议。

4. A 【解析】根据本段的内容可知，本段作者主要是建议让自己忙起来，这样就没有时间玩手机了。故选A项。
5. F 【解析】根据空后的Or spend more time doing things that need to be finished, whether it’s chores or parents wanting a family day or time together.可知这里是建议做些别的事情替代玩手机。故选F项。
六、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Have you ever had a case where a stranger looking at you with anger unexpectedly?
It was painful and 1 , but was surely a great lesson. The first thing that passed through my 2 was that it must be a misunderstanding. Such a look was not 3 for me, but later I saw the old 4 angry face every time she saw me. There was no more 5 that she was very angry with me.
I was puzzled and even 6 . My brains were spinning(快速旋转) and trying to 7 the reason but somehow 8 to not show my anger on my face. I went home, 9 it over and decided that I have to find a way to make 10 with this woman.
The very next day I bought some nice chocolates 11 to see her again. When I caught sight 12 her, I went straight to her and said, ＂I am so very sorry, but if I 13 you, I had no such intention; please accept my 14 and my chocolates.＂ And then I handed them to her. Surprised, she told me she also had no such intention, asked me not to 15 her, and apologized too. It was a(n) 16 moment, but we made up and the grimaces(苦相) were replaced by smiles.
I am 17 grateful for this experience. I learned how it is not easy to accept and forgive acts that seem 18 to us, and it made me understand 19 it takes to fix a conflict.
Don’t judge 20 , sleep it over, and throw in a pinch of(少许) empathy for self as well as others.
1. A. exciting B. frightening C. confusing D. amusing
2. A. heart B. mind C. sense D. body
3. A. designed B. suggested C. aimed D. meant
4. A. lady’s B. man’s C. girl’s D. neighbor’s
5. A. doubt B. point C. reason D. chance
6. A. disappointed B. anxious C. annoyed D. depressed
7. A. pick out B. settle down C. figure out D. make up
8. A. tried B. managed C. tended D. failed
9. A. slept B. went C. got D. recovered
10. A. friends B. peace C. agreements D. compromise
11. A. unwilling B. guessing C. worrying D. praying
12. A. in B. at C. on D. of
13. A. interrupted B. excused C. offended D. rushed
14. A. present B. apology C. comfort D. help
15. A. ignore B. notice C. mind D. forgive
16. A. wonderful B. pleasant C. awesome D. awkward
17. A. almost B. really C. nearly D. naturally
18. A. unfair B. illegal C. usual D. equal
19. A. that B. which C. how D. what
20. A. immediately B. extremely C. thoroughly D. roughly
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了一位陌生人每次见到她时，总是怒视着她，但是作者没有去追究为什么，而是选择主动道歉，以求原谅，最后两人和好了的故事。作者从这次经历中认识到怎么去解决矛盾。
4. A 【解析】根据下文的make 10 with this woman可知这是一位女士。故选A。
5. A 【解析】根据语境，毫无疑问那位女士很生作者的气。There is no doubt that… ＂毫无疑问……＂。故选A。
6. C 【解析】根据下文的 8 to not show my anger on my face可知作者很愤怒。故选C。
7. C 【解析】根据下面的the reasons可知作者想弄清楚原因。figure out ＂弄清楚，搞清＂。故选C。
8. B 【解析】根据上下文可知作者成功地隐藏了自己的怒气。manage to do sth.＂成功地做了某事＂。故选B。
9. A 【解析】根据文章最后一段＂Don’t judge 10 , sleep it over＂可知这里应用动词slept。sleep it over意为＂忽视它＂。故选A。
10. B 【解析】根据下文的but we made up and the grimaces(苦相) were replaced by smiles可知作者想跟她和好。make peace ＂和好，和解＂。故选B。
11. D 【解析】作者带着巧克力想向那位女士道歉，所以是祈祷能再见到她。故选D。
12. D 【解析】catch sight of意为＂看见＂。故选D。
13. C 【解析】根据上下文，那位女士是怒视着作者，所以这里作者是说，＂如果我冒犯你了，我不是有意的，请接受我的道歉＂。故选C。
14. B 【解析】根据前文的I am so very sorry可知作者这里是说＂请接受我的道歉＂。故选B。
15. C 【解析】那位女士对于作者的道歉很惊讶，并且告诉作者她也不是有意的，请求作者不要介意。mind介意，故选C。
16. D 【解析】根据上句Surprised, she told me she also had no such intention, asked me not to 15 her可知那位女士也很惊讶，他们互相莫名其妙地道歉，那一刻是很尴尬的。由后面的but和grimaces也可知应用awkward＂尴尬的＂。故选D。
17. B 【解析】根据语境，作者真的很感激这次经历。故选B。
18. A 【解析】根据上文，那位女士怒视着作者，作者觉得对自己很不公平，所以这里是说，作者了解到接受和原谅我们感觉对自己不公平的行为是多么不容易。故选A。
七、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
National and international evidence indicates that persons with disabilities living in poor households have ___1___(low) employment rates and limited access 2 social services. Many related supports in the traditional welfare approach concentrate on providing basic support without considering the specific barriers faced by persons with disabilities. 3 is a terrible need for social protection measures to establish advanced ___4___ (approach) that promote active citizenship.
Increasingly, in a low income country like Nepal, social protection instruments are gaining 5 (popular) to prevent poverty and reduce social discrimination among individuals or groups who 6 (be) in need of protection. However, the existing social protection measures in Nepal are far from adequate 7 (benefit) the disabled.
So 8 do human rights documents say about the rights of persons with disabilities?
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) has clearly stated that persons with disabilities have the right to accept social protection. 9 (similar), Article 28 of the 2006 UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) has recognized the right to an adequate standard of living and social protection, ___10___ (ensure) the enjoyment of both rights without discrimination on the basis of ability.
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。国内与国际证据表明残疾人的就业率更低，在享受社会福利上也会受限制。我们急需一些保护性的措施去改善残疾人所面临的境况。
1. lower 考查形容词比较级。句意：国内与国际证据表明生活在贫穷家庭的残疾人的就业率更低，在享受社会福利上也会受限制。根据句意可知应用比较级。故填lower。
2. to 考查固定搭配。have access to 为固定搭配，意为＂有权使用……＂。故填to。
3. There 考查句型。There is a need for… 为固定句型，意为＂需要……＂。故填There。
4. approaches 考查名词复数。approach是可数名词，又因为后面的定语从句中的动词promote是复数，所以approach 也应用复数。故填approaches。
5. popularity 考查词形转换。在动词gain 后作宾语，应用名词。故填popularity。
6. are 考查谓语动词。who指代的是individuals or groups，从句谓语动词应用复数，又因是现在的状态，所以应用一般现在时。故填are。
7. to benefit 考查非谓语动词。设空处是非谓语动词作目的状语，所以应用不定式。故填to benefit。
八、书面表达
根据下面的英文提示所提供的情景，续接一段120词左右的文字。
I have a good mind to be a farmer in the future. Do you know why?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
I have a good mind to be a farmer in the future. Do you know why?
The first reason is that the profession is well worth admiring. The government think highly of the job. The second is that our country must need a large number of hard-working farmers with a certain amount of technology. The third is that farmers are the most diligent and they spare no efforts to supply food to us. I do admire farmers. It