高中语法名词性从句（36张PPT）

课件36张PPT。Grammar名词性从句Related Conception (相关概念)什么是名词？表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?The boy is Li Ming.Mr. Liang , a 24-year-old boy, teaches us English .主语表语同位语宾语在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。
什么是名词性从句?名词性从句主语从句 ( The Subject Clause)宾语从句 ( The Object Clause) 表语从句 ( The Predicative Clause)同位语从句 ( The Appositive Clause)宾语从句 The Object Clause是指在句中充当宾语的句子.
通常放在主句谓语动词、介词或表语形容词之后。
I know (that he knows a very good story)主语谓语宾语主句宾语从句连接词宾语从句：判断:下列句子哪些是宾语从句:1.This is the man who gave me the book .
2.We don’t know if our teachers will attend the meeting.
3.I was really surprised at what I saw.
4.I know that he lives here.
5.I have a sister who works in Shanghai.
6.He asked me which coat I liked best.
7.If it is fine tomorrow, I will go on a trip.
8.She doesn’t think that she can pass the exam.
9.He is disappointed because he failed again.
10.Please tell me how I can get there.
1.从属连词 that 3.连接代词who,whom,whose,which,what
和连接副词where,how,why,when2.从属连词 whether, if （一）三类连接词1.I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.
2.He said (that) he missed us very much.
3.The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.1.由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句注意：that 在从句中无词汇意义，且不充当句子成分，可以省略.that——不能省略的3种情况(1)当从句中引导第二个宾语从句时,
that不能省略。
We all think (that) she is working very hard and that she will surely go to a very good university.
(3)用it做形式宾语的宾语从句中的that不能省。
（ it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语--that从句则放在句尾）
Eg:I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.(2)当that作介词except, in 等的宾语时不能省。
Eg:They believe in that she must still be single.
I know nothing about him except that
he is living in Beijing.
2.由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句1. I want to know
.
2. Ask him .
3. Could you tell me ? if (whether) he will go to the park with us whether (if) he can comeif/ whether “是否”，常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后,一般情况下whether与if可互换。 whether(if) Mr Li lives here只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况1. 在介词后面：
I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing.
We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.3. 宾语从句提前时：
Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.2.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时:
I don’t know whether he’s free or not.
Tell me whether you’d like to go shopping or tidy the room.
Practice if or whether ?
1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.
2. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
3. I wonder ___________ he is well.
4. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.
if / whetherwhetherwhether /ifwhether1. Do you know whom they are waiting for?
2. He asked whose bike was the best in the class?
3. I live in what you call ancient Greece.
3. Do you know when we’ll have a meeting?
4. Can you tell me how I can get to the station?
5.Could you tell me why the train is late?
3.由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what
和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾从代词或副词连接主从句时，在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。二、语序
宾语从句用陈述语序. 1. When will he go to the library?
His brother asks when he will go to the library .
His brother asks when will he go to the library . 2. What did he want to buy ?
I don’t know what did he want to buy .
I don’t know what he wanted to buy . What’s wrong? What’s the matter?
What’s happening? What happened?
注意：当从句的原句为以下句子
以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：eg:
I don’t know what’s the matter.
Can you tell me who is over there?
Can you tell me who he is ?做主语做表语否定转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。I don’t think this dress fits you well.
I don’t think you are right. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
我认为你是错的。??? I don’t think you can finish the work today. ??? 我认为你今天无法完成工作。 I know he lives here .
I know he lived here ten years ago .
I have heard that he will come tomorrow .三、宾语从句的时态主句用现在时，从句可根据实际情况用任何时态。2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）I knew who lived here.
I saw she was talking with her mother.
He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow.
He said that he had seen it .The teacher told me she was born in 1960.
I heard that he went to Paris last night.3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，
仍用一般现在时。Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.
He told the boy that three and three is six.
He told me the earth moves around the sun.4. 从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生
在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。The radio says it _______ cloudy tomorrow. (be)
The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go)
I hear they __________ (return) it already.
He said that they _________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
Our teacher told us in class the sun _______ in the east. (rise)
will be goes have returned had been rises宾语从句特点?时态：?语序：?位置：?引导词：位于动词、介词或表语形容词之后连接词: that, whehther,if
连接代词: who ,whom, whose, which, what
连接副词:when, where, how,why陈述语序主句是过去时态，从句要用与过去有关的时态。
主句是现在时态，从句可根据情况使用任何时态。1.?The young man asked _____ it's summer or winter.
A. either B. that C. weather D. whether
2.??We don't know ______ they did it .
A. how B. who C. what D. which
3. The teacher asks us ____ Jim can come back on time .
A. that B. if C. when D. what time
4. Does anybody know ______ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not ?
A. if B. where C. whether D. thatDABC Exercises:5. Could you show me ________ ?
A. how can I get to the station
B. where is the station
C. how I could get to the station
D. how I can reach the station
6. Please tell me _______.
A. what does he like B. what he does like
C. what he likes D. what he like
7. My sister told him ________ .
A. what day was it B. when the train arrived
C. who she was waiting D. where did you liveCBD8. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _______ .
A. who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is
9. Could you tell me how long __________ ?
A. you have bought the watch
B. you have kept this science book
C. have you been away from China
D. have you been a member of Greener China
10. He says that if it _______ tomorrow , he ____ fishing .
A. will rain , won't go B. rained , wasn't go
C. rains , won't go D. rain , will go BCD将下列句子合并为一句:
1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked.
2. What will you say at the meeting? Could you tell me?
3. Do they like to go skiing? He asked.
4. He is doing his homework. He said.
5. He will come back. Tom said. I asked where they stopped on the way. Could you tell me what you will say at the meeting?He asked if/whether they liked to go skiing. He said that he was doing his homework. Tom said that he would come back. 6. Is she doing her homework? Jim asked.
7. When will he come back? Tom asked.
8.How can I get to the station?Could you tell me?
9.Why is the train late? Would you tell me?
10. Where is Tom? They asked. Tom asked when he would come back. Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was. Jim asked if she was doing her homework. 表语从句 The predicative Cause表语从句－在句中作表语的句子。通常位于连系动词如be, look, remain, seen 等之后。
Eg. His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 表语从句 ( The Predicative Clause)引导词：连接词: that(不能省), whether(不能用if)
连接代词: who ,whom, whose, which, what
连接副词: when, where, how,why1.His suggestion is that I should get up early.
2.The question remains whether we can win the people.
3.The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.
4.He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
5.She has remained where I stood
yesterday for an hour.
6.The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.1. because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because…”结构中。
2. as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。
e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. e.g. My anger is because you haven’t written to me for a long time.其它连接词1. He told me __________ he would go to college the next year.
2. I don’t know __________ there will be a bus.
3. I really don’t know ___________ you should depend on if you don’t depend on your parents.用适当的词填空，使下列宾语从句和表
语从句意思完整。that / 不填if / whetherwhom / who4. He didn’t tell me _______ he would come back from Shanghai next time.
5. Can you work out ______ much we will spend during the trip?when how6.We think it necessary _____ we take plenty of hot water every day.
7. Tom is very lazy. That is ____ he didn’t pass the exam.
thatwhy8.This is ___________ we found the strange trees.
9. The reason why I was sad was _____ he didn’t understand me.
where / howthat10. It looked _____ he had understood this question.as if