课件35张PPT。必修五 Module 1 British and American English语言点用法过关
1.confusing adj.令人困惑的;混乱的
教材原句
Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning,which can be confusing.
有时同一个单词在意义上有细微的差别,这让人感到很困惑。 语境应用
单句填空
①At first I thought I understood what my teacher said, but the more he ex-
plained, the more confused (confuse)I became.
②If you’re confused about anything, phone my office.
③The heavy snow lasted for a week, causing a serious traffic confusion (confuse) in the whole area.单句改错
④What she referred to was so confused that they could hardly make any sense of it. confused→confusing
⑤When she returned home, Rose found her computer had been removed and she was very confusing. confusing→confused句式升级
⑥I was confused by such a confusing problem,so I turned to him for help.
(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)
Confused by such a confusing problem,I turned to him for help.用法点拨
(1)confuse A with/and B 把A与B混淆
(2)confused adj.(人)糊涂的;困惑的
be confused about sth. 对……感到困惑
(3)confusing adj.(事/物)令人困惑的【联想】“以-ing和-ed结尾的形容词”:
①encouraging令人鼓舞的
encouraged受到鼓舞的
②astonishing令人惊讶的 astonished惊讶的
③terrifying令人恐惧的 terrified感到恐惧的
④satisfying令人满意的 satisfied感到满意的
2.compare v.对比;对照
教材原句
Prepositions,too,can be different: compare on the team,on the weekend (American)with in the team,at the weekend(British).介词也不相同,比较一 下(美国英语中的)on the team,on the weekend和(英国英语中的)in the team,at the weekend。语境应用
单句填空
①If you compare her work with his,you ’ ll find hers is much better.
② Compared (compare)to/with our small flat,Bill ’ s house seemed like a palace.
③In comparison (compare)with other students,Mike is more diligent.
④When comparing (compare)different cultures, we often focus our atten- tion on the differences without noticing many similarities.
⑤Michael ’ s new house is like a huge palace, compared (compare) with his old one. 用法点拨
(1)compare A with B 拿A和B比较
compare A to B 把A比作B
compared with/to和……相比
compare notes 交换意见;对笔记
(2)comparison n.比较,对比
beyond/without compare无与伦比
in comparison with和……相比
3.differ vi.不同;区别;相异
教材原句
The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pro- nunciation.这两种英语另外两个不同的方面是拼写和发音。 语境应用
单句填空
①These clothes look the same but they differ greatly in materials.
②People greatly differ in their views of life from each other.
③The two lawyers differed greatly on how to present the case.单句改错
④The language used in advertisements differs in that used in laws.
in→from
⑤The life style of people in Zhejiang is somewhat different that in Beijing. different后加from用法点拨
(1)differ from(=be different from)与……不同
differ in(=be different in)在……方面不同
differ with sb. on/about/over sth. 与某人在某事上意见不同
(2)different adj.不同的;有差别的
be different from 与……不同
(3)difference n.区别;差异
tell the difference between A and B辨别A和B之间的不同4.present adj.现在的;目前的;出席到场的 n.礼物 vt.提交;颁发;展现;介绍
教材原句
Present your ideas to the rest of the class.把你的观点介绍给班里其余的 同学。 语境应用
单句填空
①The mayor presented him with a gold medal at an official city reception.
②We were present at the concert while Tom was absent from it.完成句子
这对老夫妇向学院赠送了一笔款项以纪念他们的女儿。
③The old couple presented a sum of money to the college in memory of their daughter.(present v.+to)
④The old couple presented the college with a sum of money in memory of their daughter.(present v.+with)用法点拨
(1)present adj.现在的;目前的;出席到场的
at present 目前;现在
for the present=for the time being 目前;暂且
the present situation 目前的形势
be present at 出席……
in one ’ s presence 某人在场的时候;当着某人的面
(2)present vt.提交;颁发;展现;介绍
present sth. to sb.=present sb. with sth.给某人颁发某物
present one ’ s opinion 提出观点(3)present n.礼物
a birthday present 一份生日礼物【点津】
present作前置定语时,意为“目前的”;作后置定语时,意为“出席的,在 场的”。
present作名词时,是可数名词,意为“礼物”。5.attempt v.试图;尝试 n.尝试;努力
教材原句
Can you see any similarities between Webster ’ s work and attempts to sim- plify Chinese?你能够看出韦伯斯特的工作和为简化汉语所做的尝试之 间的共同点吗?
语境应用
单句填空
①He was as proud as a peacock when he passed his driving test at his first attempt.
②I attempted to get (get)in touch with her, but failed.
③A man is being questioned in relation to the attempted (attempt) murder last night.句型转换
④The climbers will attempt to reach the summit again today.
→The climbers will make another attempt to reach the summit today.
→The climbers will make another attempt at reaching the summit today.
→The climbers will be in an attempt to reach the summit again today.用法点拨
(1)attempt to do sth. 尝试做某事,试图做某事
(2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth.试图做某事
in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
at one ’ s first attempt在某人第一次尝试时
(3)attempted murder谋杀未遂【辨析】
1.have...in common ……方面相同
教材原句
We have really everything in common with America nowadays,except of course,language.当然除了语言外,我们现在拥有的一切真的和美国的一 样了。 语境应用
完成句子
①To my surprise, I found I had a lot in common with the stranger the first time I met him.令我惊讶的是,第一次见面我发现自己和这个陌生人有 很多相同之处。
②Anyone with common sense is able to make the appropriate decision and do whatever suits the occasion best.任何一个有常识的人都会做出合适 的决定,做任何最适合该场合的事情。
③We must admit the fact that people from different cultures have more in common than we usually realize.我们必须承认一个事实,来自不同文化的 人之间的共同的(东西)要比我们通常意识到的还多。用法点拨
have everything in common
一切相同,完全一样
have nothing in common
完全不同,一点也不一样
have a lot/much in common有很多共同之处
have little in common没有多少共同之处
common sense常识
common disease常见病
common practice 惯例,一般做法2.make a difference 有影响;起作用
教材原句
It doesn ’ t make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.老师说英式英语还是美式英语不会产生很大影响。语境应用
完成句子
①We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to the youth.我们努力去创造真正能给年轻人带来影响的工 作实践机会。
②It makes no difference to him whether you stay here or go to Hong Kong. 你是待在这里还是去香港,对他来说没有影响。
③Can you tell the difference between the words “require” and “re- quest”?你能分清“require”和“request”这两个单词之间的区别吗?
④It doesn ’ t make any difference if you are late to my party. I just want you to come.聚会来晚了一点关系也没有,我就是想让你来。 用法点拨
make a difference
有影响;起作用
make no difference 没有影响
make some/much difference
有些/大有影响
tell the difference between
辨别……之间的差异
be different from
与......不同;不同于
1.have difficulty doing sth.
教材原句
A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰 人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。 语境应用
单句填空
①You can ’ t imagine what difficulty we had walking (walk)home in the snowstorm.
②He is afraid to face the difficulty he thinks he ’ ll have passing (pass)the driving test tomorrow;he finds it difficult to get (get)rid of the worries.
③Unfortunately, the young mother has trouble keeping (keep) a balance between work and family.
④Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, Kate had a hard time passing (pass) the exam.
用法点拨
?做某事有困难请认真完成模块知识链接
高考题型词汇训练语篇解题微技巧夯基提能作业请认真学习Module 1 British and American English
Ⅰ.阅读理解
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
It is said that a great many things about languages are mysterious, and many will always be so. But some things we do know.21·世纪*教育网
Firstly, we know that all human beings have a language of some kind. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language, no set of speech sounds by which people communicate with one another. In historical times, there has never been a race of men without a language.21cnjy.com
Secondly, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people whose cultures are underdeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.
This has not always been well understood; indeed, the direct contrary has often been stated. Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have guessed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises. Study has proved this to be nonsense. There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. This means each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.
Finally, we know that languages change. It’s natural and normal for languages to change; the only languages which do not change are the dead ones. This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Changes go on in all aspects of languages. Grammatical features change as speech sounds do and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.
1.In the second paragraph the author thinks that .?
A.some backward races don’t have a language of their own
B.some races in history didn’t possess a language of their own
C.any human race, whether backward or not, has a language
D.some races on earth can communicate without a language
2.As the author says, people of underdeveloped cultures can have languages.?
A.complicated B.uncivilized
C.primitive D.well-known
3.American Indian languages are mentioned to prove that they are .?
A.as fully developed as some well-known languages
B.more primitive than some well-known languages
C.more complex than some well-known languages
D.just as primitive as some well-known languages
4.According to the author, language changes are most likely to appear in .?
A.grammar B.vocabulary
C.intonation D.pronunciation
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2017河南洛阳5月统考)
Tips for Teaching Kids Responsibility
Your best friend has a teenager who helps with housework without being asked. Your cousin has a one-year-old child that puts her bottle in the sink when she finishes the milk, but no reminders are needed. 1 Raising helpful, good kids who know how to make a sandwich is not a fantasy! The following tips can give you a better chance of raising a responsible child who then grows into a responsible adult.?2·1·c·n·j·y
2 You can’t suddenly spring responsibility on a teenager and expect he will know how to follow through. He needs time to practice and totally understand what responsibility means.?
Let kids help you. Don’t complain when it’s time to do housework. Smile and invite your son to help. 3 He will take these good feelings and learn to take ownership of his home and feel pride in keeping it up.?www-2-1-cnjy-com
4 Make responsibilities age-appropriate. You can show how to complete small tasks in daily life and perform them at a child’s skill level. For example, if your kid wants a snack, show him where the apples are and how to wash one off.?
Teach your child consequences. Learning to take care of his things also helps a child develop a sense of responsibility for his actions. Get your son to clean up after an art project, and inform him that he won’t be able to play with his crayons the next day if he leaves a messy table. 5 The more you carry out the rules, the more likely he is to clean up without being asked.?
A.Have a sense of responsibility.
B.Why do they make a sandwich for kids?
C.Show kids how to perform responsibility.
D.Where do these wonderful children come from?
E.Teaching responsibility to kids needs to start early.【版权所有：21教育】
F.When your child is invited to participate, he feels valued.
G.Then take away his supplies if he does not take his responsibility.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ?
Ⅲ.完形填空
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2017安徽考前模拟)
If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a 1 reason, such as your job or your studies? 2 perhaps you’re interested in the 3 , films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a good 4 of the language. ?2-1-c-n-j-y
Most people learn best using a variety of 5 , but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people. They 6 an environment where you can practice under the 7 of someone who’s good at the language. We all lead 8 lives and learning a language takes 9 . You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a 10 . It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes 11 .?
Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too 12 , ”they say. Yes, children do learn languages more 13 than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any 14 . And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people 15 about the mistakes they make when 16 . Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes 17 you’re much less likely to make them again. ?
Learning a new language is never 18 . But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress. And you’ll be 19 by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in 20 own language. Good luck!?
1.A.technical B.political C.practical D.physical
2.A.After B.So C.Though D.Or
3.A.literature B.transport C.agriculture D.medicine
4.A.view B.knowledge C.form D.database
5.A.paintings B.regulations
C.methods D.computers
6.A.protect B.change C.respect D.provide
7.A.control B.command C.guidance D.pressure
8.A.busy B.happy C.simple D.normal
9.A.courage B.time C.energy D.place
10.A.theory B.business C.routine D.project
11.A.some risks B.a lot less
C.some notes D.a lot more
12.A.old B.nervous C.weak D.tired
13.A.closely B.quickly C.privately D.quietly
14.A.age B.speed C.distance D.school
15.A.worry B.hesitate C.think D.quarrel
16.A.singing B.working
C.bargaining D.learning
17.A.if B.and C.but D.before
18.A.tiresome B.hard C.interesting D.easy
19.A.blamed B.amazed
C.interrupted D.informed
20.A.their B.his C.our D.your
答案精解精析
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[语篇解读] 本文主要论述了关于语言的问题, 不论哪个民族的语言都是世界上最美的, 因为各有特色。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知, 任何人种不管落后与否都有语言。
2.A 细节理解题。 根据第三段第一、二句可知选A。
3.A 细节理解题。作者列举美国印第安人的语言的目的是证明这些语言和一些著名的语言一样先进。根据They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.可知答案为A项。
4.B 细节理解题。词汇是语言中最容易发生变化的部分。根据Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.可知答案为B项。21教育网
Ⅱ.七选五
[语篇解读] 文章主要对如何让自己的孩子变得有责任感给出了几点建议。
1.D 根据上文可知,你最好的朋友的孩子不用告诉就知道帮忙做家务;你堂兄一岁的孩子知道喝完奶之后把瓶子放在水槽里。根据下文内容可知,接下来叙述的是几条能够帮助你的孩子有责任感的小建议。由此可知,填入空白处的应该是针对上文的内容,即这些懂事的孩子都是怎么训练出来的。21·cn·jy·com
2.E 根据本段的内容可知,青少年不会突然就表现得有责任感,也不要期待他知道如何做事。他需要一个练习的过程才能完全知道责任的含义,所以家长需要早点开始教给孩子责任感。
3.F 根据本段第一句Let kids help you.可知,本段的主题是“让孩子来帮助你”。且根据空后的He will take these good feelings...可知此处填入的是帮忙做家务会让孩子感觉良好,感觉到自己的价值。www.21-cn-jy.com
4.C 根据下文内容可知,你可以根据孩子的技能水平向他们展示如何在日常生活中完成小任务。例如,如果你的孩子想要零食,那么就先告诉他苹果放在哪里并且怎样洗苹果。这一段主要是在讲如何教孩子们履行职责。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
5.G 本段主要讲的是教会你的孩子不管做什么亊情都要想到后果,并且举了一个例子,即告诉你的孩子如果他把桌子弄得凌乱而不去整理,那么第二天他就不能再玩他的蜡笔。该事例主要是在说明一个道理:如果他没有履行他的责任,那么就拿走他的东西。
Ⅲ.完形填空
[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了学习一门外语的时候, 需要搞清楚为什么学习它, 以及人们学习外语的不同方法等。21*cnjy*com
1.C 根据下文such as your job or your studies可知是实用的(practical)理由。
2.D 本句与前句同为第一句所提到的关于学习一种新语言的原因, 两者之间为选择关系。
3.A 这四个选项中, 与语言学习关系密切并且和films,music并列的是文学(literature)。
4.B 考查固定结构。have a good knowledge of的意思是“精通;掌握”。
5.C 句意: 大部分人通过各种各样的方法学得很好, 但是传统课堂对许多人来说是一个理想的开始。
6.D 传统课堂提供(provide)一种环境, 在其中你可以在某个擅长这种语言的人的指导下练习。
7.C 课堂上自然是在老师的指导下学习。under the guidance of sb. 在某人的指导下。
8.A 我们都过着忙碌的(busy)生活并且学习一门语言需要时间。
9.B 学习一门语言当然需要花费时间(time)。
10.C 由前面的“regularly(有规律地)”可知选routine(常规, 惯例)。
11.B 根据前面的take years(花很多年时间)和but(转折关系)可知选a lot less(花的时间少得多)。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
12.A 根据下文的Yes, children do learn languages more 13 than adults可知, 有些人觉得自己学习语言太老(old)了。?【出处：21教育名师】
13.B 考查背景常识。一般来说, 小孩学习语言的确比成年人要快(quickly)。
14.A 前面说小孩学习语言的确比成年人要快, 后面but表转折,说研究表明你可以在任何年龄(age)学习语言。21教育名师原创作品
15.A 考查上下文语境。下句出现了“Well, relax and laugh”, 可知人们担心(worry about)他们犯错误。21*cnjy*com
16.D 前面反复出现learn, learning,由此可知此处选D,指在学习过程中犯错。
17.B 考查固定句型: 祈使句+ and...。句意: 放松并自我解嘲一下自己的错误, 这样你就不太可能再次犯这些错误。
18.D 根据下文But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress.可知, 学习一门新的语言从来都不是容易的(easy)。
19.B 根据后面的the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words可知, 你只说几句话, 人们就给予积极的反应, 因此是amazed(惊奇的)。21世纪教育网版权所有
20.A 前面说the positive reaction of some people,可知是说一些他们(their)的语言。
Module 1 British and American English
1 课文与语法填空
阅读所学课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
British and American English differ 1. many ways.The difference in the vocabulary is the most obvious.Sometimes,the same word has 2. slightly different meaning,which can be confusing.There are a few differences in grammar,too.The British use prepositions 3. Americans sometimes omit them.The other two areas in 4. the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.American spelling seems simpler,and many factors 5. (influence)American pronunciation since the first settlers arrived there.Although there are so many differences,some experts believe that the two varieties are moving closer together.Communications across the Atlantic have developed 6. (steady)for over a century.The experts think this non-stop communication has made 7. easier for British people and Americans to understand each other.But it has also led 8. lots of American words and structures 9. (pass)into British English,so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.There are going to be many“Englishes”with the international dimension.But the most important thing is that users of English will all be able to understand each other,10. they are.?21教育网
2 课文与短文改错
根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。21cnjy.com
Noah Webster,a teacher who graduated from Yale University in 1778,once fight against the British in the American War of Independence.He felt that writing English in the newly independent United States should have distinctive“American”look.www-2-1-cnjy-com
His first book,The Elementary Spelling Book,suggested simplify the spelling of English words.The book was extreme popular.By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year,making them one of the most popular school books ever.21*cnjy*com
What’s more,Webster is most known for his American Dictionary of the English Language,which first was appeared in 1828.Today,it was still the number one dictionaries for American students.
3话题知识与写作
根据下面的素材，用本模块所学词汇和句式结构完成句子。
1.最近,关于哪一种英语对我们有更大的影响我们进行了辩论。
____________________________________________________________________________________________www.21-cn-jy.com
2.一些学生认为和美式英语相比,英式英语的影响更大。
____________________________________________________________________________________________2-1-c-n-j-y
3.它是“最早的”英语,BBC和许多国际性报纸都使用它。
____________________________________________________________________________________________21世纪教育网版权所有
4.其他人支持美式英语。
____________________________________________________________________________________________【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
5.他们认为,大多数英语电影都是美国的,这导致全世界越来越多的人使用美式英语。
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6.我认为,不管我们使用哪一种英语,我们理解彼此没有困难,因为它们有很多共同点。
____________________________________________________________________________________________21教育名师原创作品
【联句成篇】把以上句子联成短文,要求衔接连贯、过渡自然。
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答案精解精析
1.课文与语法填空
1.in 此处表达:在很多方面有区别,应该用in many ways。
2.a 考查不定冠词。相同的单词有一个稍微不同的意思。
3.where 此处where引导地点状语从句。
4.which 根据设空前的介词in可知此处是“介词+关系代词(which)”引导的定语从句。
5.have influenced 根据since引导的时间状语从句可知此处应该用现在完成时。
6.steadily 副词修饰句子的谓语动词。
7.it it充当形式宾语,代替后面的不定式结构。
8.to lead to意为“导致”。
9.passing lead to中to是介词,此处跟v.-ing形式作宾补。
10.wherever 无论使用英语的人在哪儿,他们都能相互听懂。
2 课文与短文改错
1.第一句:fight→fought 此处是句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语in 1778可知应该用一般过去时。21·世纪*教育网
2.第二句:writing→written 书面英语要用written English。
3.第二句:have后面加a 此处表示:一个独特的美国面孔。
4.第三句:simplify→simplifying suggest doing sth.意为:建议做某事。21·cn·jy·com
5.第四句:extreme→extremely 副词修饰形容词popular。
6.第五句:them→it 代词it代替前面的“这一本书”。
7.第六句:most→best be well known for的最高级be best known for。
8.第六句:去掉was 此处appear是一个不及物动词,不能用于被动语态中。
9.第七句:was→is 根据语境和时间状语可知此处应该用一般现在时。
10.第七句:dictionaries→dictionary 排名第一的词典,要用单数形式。
3 话题知识与写作
1.Recently we have a debate about which English makes more difference to us.
2.Some students think British English has more influence compared with American English.
3.It is the“original”variety of English and the BBC and many international newspapers use it.
4.Others are in favor of American English.
5.They hold the view that most English language films are American,which has led to more and more people across the world using American English.2·1·c·n·j·y
6.In my opinion,whichever English we use,we have no difficulty understanding each other,because they have a lot in common.21*cnjy*com
One possible version:
Recently we have a debate about which English makes more difference to us.
Some students think British English has more influence compared with American English,because it is the“original”variety of English and the BBC and many international newspapers use it.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
However,others are in favor of American English.They hold the view that most English language films are American,which has led to more and more people across the world using American English.【出处：21教育名师】
In my opinion,whichever English we use,we have no difficulty understanding each other,because they have a lot in common.【版权所有：21教育】
必修五 Module 1 British and American English
基础知识默写篇
一、分层单词
写作词汇
1. n.评论;讲话 2. n.努力;尝试?
3. adj.与众不同的 4. n.卫星?
5. n.(广播、电视节目的)期;版?
6. n.口音 7. vi.(英)排队(等候)?
8. adj.标准的?
阅读词汇
1.subway/underground n. ? 2.omit vt. ?
3.preposition n. ? 4.switch n. ?
5.structure n. ? 6.cute adj. ?
拓展词汇
1. adj.显然的;显而易见的→ adv.显然地;明显地?
2. v.使结合;使联合→ n.组合;结合?
3. adj.令人困惑的;混乱的→ adj.(感到)困惑的→ v.使困惑;混淆→ n.困惑;混乱?21教育网
4. v.对比;比较→ n.对照;比较?
5. adj.稳固的;镇定的→ adv.稳定地;稳固地?
6. adj.快的;迅速的→ adv.快地;迅速地?
7. v.宣布;宣告→ n.通告;通知?
8. v.谈到;提到;涉及→ n.提到;涉及;查询?
9. v.批评;评论;挑剔→ n.批评家;评论家→ n.批评;评论?
10. adj.简单的;单纯的→ v.简化;使简易?
二、高频短语
1. 与……相似?
2. 导致;引起?
3. 幸亏;多亏?
4. 坚持;遵守?
5. 受某人欢迎?
6. have...in common?
7. make a difference?
8. in favor of?
9. refer to...as...?
10. fill up with?
三、经典句型
1.A Londoner (理解有更大的困难) a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.?21·cn·jy·com
2.Since the 1980s,with satellite TV and the Internet, (听到英式和美式英语已成为可能) at the flick of a switch.?www.21-cn-jy.com
3.This non-stop communication,the experts think,has (使英国人和美国人互相理解更加容易).?【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
基础知识运用篇
一、语境词汇运用
(一)词汇情景拼写(注意单词短语适当形式变化)
1.Jane had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it at her first (尝试).?【出处：21教育名师】
2.During the festival and celebration, you can appreciate the music and dance with d features.?【版权所有：21教育】
3.With economy increasing (持续地),people can enjoy a life of higher quality.?
4.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is not easy because technology is changing so (迅速地).?2·1·c·n·j·y
5.Being punished on account of drunk driving, (显然地), is now in public concern.?
(二)词形变化填空 (注意单词短语适当形式变化)
1.While American English and British English share many similarities,you may find yourself (confuse) by the differences of the words.?【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
2.You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future (refer).?
3.How a person reacts to (criticize) often means the difference between success and failure.?21·世纪*教育网
4.I’d love to find a job (combine) my major and interest upon graduation so that I can fully develop my potential.?21*cnjy*com
5.The clock has just struck twelve, (announce) the end of the morning in school.?
6.When (compare)the twins,you will find the differences between them.?
7.The teacher (simple) the instructions so that the children could understand them better.?
8.We were impressed with a wide of plants in the garden, whose flowers were , and their heights from 10 cm to 15 cm.(vary)?21教育名师原创作品
9.Since you can’t find a better job, why don’t you (坚持) the present one??
10.This magazine very (受……欢迎) young people, who like its content and style.?www-2-1-cnjy-com
11.Despite all the benefits of building the subway in the city center, only a few people argued (支持) the project.?
12.They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess: the power to (影响) in the lives of others.?
13.In these guidelines, children under the age of 18 will (称为)as young people.?
二、经典句型仿写
1.由于没有他的电话号码,她在联系比尔时遇到了一些困难。(have difficulty doing)
Not having his telephone number,she in touch with Bill.?
2.在一个英语是母语的人的帮助下,他的英语口语极有可能得到提高。(it作形式主语)
his spoken English with the help of a native English speaker.?
3.新技术已经使新产品以更低的成本更快速地生产成为可能。(make it+adj.+to do)
New technologies have new products faster and at a lower cost.?
4.中国修建了越来越多的高速公路,人们更加容易从一个地点到另外一个地点。(现在分词短语作状语)
More highways have been built in China, from one place to another.?
答案精解精析
基础知识默写篇
一、分层单词
写作词汇
1.remark 2.attempt 3.distinctive 4.satellite 5.edition 6.accent 7.queue 8.standard
阅读词汇
1.地铁 2.省略 3.介词 4.开关 5.结构;体系 6.逗人喜爱的
拓展词汇
1.obvious;obviously 2.combine;combination 3.confusing;confused;confuse;confusion 4.compare;comparison 5.steady;steadily 6.rapid;rapidly 7.announce;announcement 8.refer;reference 9.criticise;critic;criticism 10.simple;simplify21cnjy.com
二、高频短语
1.be similar to 2.lead to/result in 3.thanks to 4.stick to 5.be popular with sb. 6.有共同点 7.产生影响;起作用 8.赞成,同意;支持 9.称……为…… 10.用……填满/装满
三、经典句型
1.has more difficulty understanding 2.it has been possible to listen to British and American English 3.made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other
基础知识运用篇
一、语境词汇运用
(一)词汇情景拼写
1.attempt 2.distinctive 3.steadily 4.rapidly 5.obviously21世纪教育网版权所有
(二)词形变化填空
1.confused 2.reference 3.criticism 4.combining 5.announcing 6.comparing 7.simplified 8.variety,various,varied 9.stick to 10.is,popular with 11.in favor of 12.make a difference 13.be referred2-1-c-n-j-y
二、经典句型仿写
1.had some difficulty getting 2.It is possible to improve 3.made it possible to produce 4.making it much easier for people to travel21*cnjy*com
Module 1 British and American English
主旨大意题之段落大意题(阅读理解)
方法指导
由于文章的结构不同,主题句出现的位置通常也不同:(1)采用归纳法撰写的段落,表述的事例在前,概括性的观点居后,主题句则位于段末。(2)运用演绎法撰写的段落,先提出观点,后举例论证,主题句则出现在段首。(3)如果作者采用事例——观点——事例的写作方式,则主题句出现在段落的中间。(4)如果文章没有明显的主题句,则根据内容的提示,通过逻辑推理,概括出主题句。21世纪教育网版权所有
做这类题时需快速阅读文章,找出各个段落的主题句。一般来说,说明文和议论文都有主题句,而且多位于文章的开头,有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。但有时不能直接在文章中找到主题句,那么则需要在弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容,具有高度的综合性和概括性,文章的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释、说明、论证或拓展。21·cn·jy·com
典例引领
A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing...right? Perhaps, but some developmental psychologists(心理学家)have argued that this “play” is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls to the ground—and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact(相互作用):bowls of rice do not float in mid-air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe;nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may from an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim (to learn about the natural world), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic(are my observations what I expected?).
Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.21·世纪*教育网
Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world—is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution(进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive(认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, “It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”21*cnjy*com
1.According to some developmental psychologists, .?www.21-cn-jy.com
A.a baby’s play is nothing more than a game
B.scientific research into babies’ games is possible21cnjy.com
C.the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigated2·1·c·n·j·y
D.a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experimentwww-2-1-cnjy-com
2.We learn from Paragraph 2 that .?
A.scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
B.scientists and babies often interact with each other【出处：21教育名师】
C.babies are born with the knowledge of object support【版权所有：21教育】
D.babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do21教育名师原创作品
3.Children may learn the rules of language by .?
A.exploring the physical world
B.investigating human psychology
C.repeating their own experiments
D.observing their parents’ behaviors
4.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A.The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.
B.Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.
C.Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.
D.One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.
5.What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’ research and babies’ play?
A.Convincing. B.Confused.
C.Confident D.Cautious.
方法运用
[语篇解读] 科学家和六个月的婴儿有可比性吗?很多人肯定认为两者是完全没有关联的,但作者认为实际上两者的关联度很大。21教育网
1.D 细节理解题。从文章第一段的“...but some developmental psychologists(心理学家) have argued that this ‘play’ is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.”可知,一些发展心理学家认为,婴儿的游戏很大程度上类似于科学家的实验,所以选D项。
2.D 推理判断题。 从第二段“...in the process, it brings out important evidence about...the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim...”推断可知,婴儿的游戏过程也类似于一个科学研究的过程,故选D项。 21*cnjy*com
3.C 推理判断题。 从第三段“...they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means.”可知,孩子们通过不停地尝试他们自己的“实验”来习得语言规则,C项是最佳答案。
4.B 主旨大意题。从最后一段“Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn...”可知,我们可以把科学研究的过程看成另一种小孩子的游戏过程,所以研究孩子们的游戏过程有助于更好地理解科学,所以B项正确。
5.D 观点态度题。 从全文,特别是最后一段的“Perhaps evolution(进化) provided...as children.”可知,作者的态度还是很谨慎的,所以选D项。2-1-c-n-j-y
