课件52张PPT。专题八 并列连词和状语从句考向分析
在高考中,针对并列连词的考查主要体现在and,but,or,so等词的用法 上。状语从句包括时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目 的状语从句、结果状语从句等,而高考考查的重点是when,if,because,be- fore,until,since等引导词的用法。考点一 并列连词考点二 状语从句本专题考点考点清单
考点一 并列连词
单句填空
1.I am not afraid of tomorrow, for ???I have seen yesterday and I love
today.
答案 for 句意:我不惧怕明天,因为我已经看到了昨天并热爱今天。 本题考查并列连词。根据语境可知,前后分句为因果关系,故答案为 for。2.He is a shy man, but/yet ??he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
答案 but/yet 句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不害怕任何事,也不害 怕任何人。根据句意可知前后两个分句为转折关系,故用but/yet。
3.Give me a chance, and ??I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.
答案 and 句意:给我一次机会,我会给你一个惊喜。本题考查并列连 词。根据“祈使句+and+陈述句”句式,故填and。
4.There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery while ????another man,also intelligent,fails.
答案 while????句意:没办法知道为什么有人能够有重大发现,而有的人 同样聪明,却不能。while 在这里表示两种情况的对比。
1.and
(1)and作并列连词,意为“和,并且”,当连接三个或三个以上并列的成 分时,一般在最后两者之间加and,其余用逗号分开。
He bought a book and a pen.他买了一本书和一支笔。
Solid,liquid and gas are the three states of matter.固态、液态和气态是物 质的三种状态。
(2)go(come,stop等)+and+动词,“and+动词”相当于“in order to+动 词”。
I’ll go and bring back your boots.=I’ll go in order to bring back your boots.我去把你的靴子拿来。
(3)“动词+and+同一动词”表示动作长时间地“继续”或“重复”。
We waited and waited.我们等呀等。
(4)“祈使句+and+陈述句”相当于“if从句+主句”。
Work hard and you will succeed.=If you work hard, you will succeed.努力 工作,你就会成功。
One more time(=Give me one more time)and I will succeed.=If you give me one more time, I will succeed.再给我一次机会,我就会成功。
2.or
(1)or表示选择,意为“或,还是”。
Would you prefer tea or coffee? 你喜欢茶还是咖啡?
Are you going to America by boat or by air? 你到美国是坐船还是坐飞机?
(2)“祈使句+or (else)+陈述句”相当于“if...not+主句”。
Hurry up, or you’ll be late for school.=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late for school.
赶快,否则你上学就要迟到了。
Dress warmly, or else you’ll catch cold. 穿暖和点,否则你会感冒的。
3.表示对比、转折关系的并列连词有but,yet,whereas,while等。
Jane said she was ill,yet I saw her in the street just now.
简说她生病了,但刚才我在街上看到了她。
He likes pop music,while I am fond of folk music.
他喜欢流行音乐,而我喜欢民间音乐。
Some of the studies show positive results,whereas others do not.有一些研 究结果令人满意,然而其他的则不然。
此外but还可用于“I’m sorry but...”,“Excuse me but...”句型中。
I am sorry but I won’t be able to come tonight.对不起我今晚不能来。
4.表示因果关系的并列连词有so,for等。
It must have rained last night,for it is wet all over.
昨晚一定下雨了,因为到处都是湿的。
The shops were closed,so I didn’t get any milk.
商店都关门了,所以我没买到牛奶。5.when也可用作并列连词,意为“那时,这时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式:①sb.was doing sth.when...;②sb.was about to do/ going to do/on the point of doing sth.when...;③sb.had just done sth. when...。
We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。
We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.
我们正打算动身,突然下起了雨。
I had just finished my homework when Tom came to me.
我刚写完作业,Tom就来找我了。
6.表示并列关系的并列连词有both...and...,not...but...,either...or...,nei-ther...nor...,not only...but also...等。
He spoke with both kindness and understanding.他说话既亲切又明事 理。
The point is not who said the words, but whether they are true or not.
关键不是谁说了这些话而是这些话是不是真的。
Either you are mad or I am mad.
不是你疯了就是我疯了。
Neither Tom nor Helen is hard-working.
汤姆和海伦都不勤奋。
Not only men but also women were chosen.选中的不仅有男性还有女 性。考点二 状语从句
一、时间状语从句
单句填空
1.If you dont understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until/till ?? you figure it out.
答案 until/till 句意:如果你不明白某件事情,你可以去调查、研究并 与其他人探讨,直到你弄明白为止。设空处引导时间状语从句,表示 “直到……为止”,故用until/till。
2. As ??the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.
答案 As 句意:随着人口平均年龄的增长,有越来越多的老年人需要 照顾。考查状语从句。根据句意可知此处应用As引导状语从句。
3.We need to get to the root of the problem before ??we can solve it.
答案 before 句意:在能够解决这个问题之前,我们需要找到它的根源 所在。根据句意可知用before。
4.It was the middle of the night when ??my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
答案 when 句意:半夜,我的父亲把我叫醒并告诉我来看足球赛。根 据语境可知,设空处引导一个时间状语从句,表示“当……的时候”,故 填when。
单句改错
5.It was several minutes after I took in what he was saying.
?? after→before ??
答案 after→before 句意:几分钟后,我才理解他说的是什么。“It+be +一段时间+before...”为时间状语从句的常用句式,意为“过了多久才 ……”,故after改为before。
(一)when,while,as
1.从属连词when既可引导一个持续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作; 可用于主句动作和从句动作同时发生,也可用于从句动作先于主句动作 发生。
When I lived there,I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.
我住在那里时,星期天常到海滨去。
When the film ended,the people went back.电影一结束,看电影的人便回去了。
当when引导的时间状语从句为系表结构,而且其主语和主句的主语一 致,其表语又是一个名词时,就可以用由as引导的省略结构来代替when 引导的从句。
As a young man(=When he was a young man),he was fond of hunting.
他年轻时喜欢打猎。
2.从属连词while引导的动作是持续性的,侧重主句动作和从句动作相对 比。
Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
别人在工作时请别那么大声谈话。
3.从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成,可译为“一边……,一边……”或“随着……”。
He hurried home,looking behind as he went.
他匆匆忙忙回家去,一边走一边回头望。
As time goes on,it’s getting warmer and warmer.
随着时间的推移,天气变得越来越暖和了。
4.如果主句表示的是短暂性动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示 在一段时间内正在进行的动作,此时when,while与as可互换使用。
When/While/As I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine.
当我沿大街行走时,碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。(二)as soon as,immediately,directly,the moment,the minute,the instant和
once(一……就……)
这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即发 生,常译为“一……就……”。
The moment I heard the voice,I knew my father was coming.
一听到那个声音,我就知道父亲快来了。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
那个男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。
注意:no sooner...than...;hardly/scarcely...when...也可表示“一……就… …”,这一结构的时态搭配为:no sooner与hardly/scarcely所在的主句的 谓语动词应用过去完成时,而than与when引导的从句的谓语动词应用一 般过去时。此外,当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时,其所在的主句应用倒装语序。
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(三)till,until和not...until
1.肯定句:主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,主句、从句都为肯定式, 意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。
He remained there until/till she arrived.
他在那儿一直待到她来。
You may stay here until/till the rain stops.你可以在这里待到雨停。
2.否定句:主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词,从句为肯定式,意为 “某动作直到某时间才开始”。
He won’t go to bed till/until she returns.
直到她回来他才会去睡觉。
3.till不可以置于句首,而until可以。
Until you told me I had no idea of it.
直到你告诉我,我才知道这件事。
4.not until...句型的强调和倒装用法。
It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.(强调句型)
Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.(not until置于句首,主句要部分倒装)
直到你告诉我,我才知道此事。
(四)before和since
1.若表达“还未……就……;不到……就……;……才……;还没来得及 ……就……”时,需用连词before。
We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.
我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。
We hadn't run a mile before he felt tired.
我们跑了还不到一英里他就感到累了。
Before I could get in a word,he had measured me.
我还没来得及插话,他就给我量好了尺寸。2.before从句中谓语不用否定式。
Before they reached the station,the train had gone.
他们到火车站前(他们还没到火车站),火车就已开走了。
3.“It will be/was+一段时间+before...”常翻译成:……才;……就。
It was half a year before I came back.
半年后我才回来。
It won’t be long before we meet again.
过不了多长时间我们就会再见面了。
4.since从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词,主句的谓语动词是延续性 的或者是反复发生的动作。since从句的时态若是一般过去时,主句中 的时态常是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。I have written home four times since I came here.
自从我来到这儿,我已经给家里写过四封信了。
She has been working in this factory since she left school.
她离开学校以后就一直在这个工厂工作。
5.在“It is+一段时间+since从句”句型中,since引导的从句的谓语动词 若是延续性动词,常理解为某一状态的终止;若是终止性动词,则理解为 某一动作的开始。
It is three years since the war broke out.(终止性动词)
自战争爆发以来已有三年了。
It is three years since I smoked(=since I stopped smoking).(延续性动词)
我不吸烟已有三年了。如果译成“我吸烟已有三年了”,应为:It is three years since I began to smoke.(终止性动词)
(五)every time,each time,next time,the last time,any time等名词短语用来 引导时间状语从句,表示“每当……;每次……;下次……”等。
Every/Each time I was in trouble,he would come to help me out.
每当我处于困境,他就会来帮助我。
Next time you come,do remember to bring your son here.
下次你来这里的时候,一定记着把你儿子带来。
The last time she saw James,he was lying in bed.
上次她看见詹姆斯的时候,他正躺在床上。二、地点状语从句
单句填空
1.Located where??? the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
答案 where 句意:位于“一带”和“一路”的交汇处,江苏将对“一 带一路”的建设贡献更多。本题考查地点状语从句。设空处引导地点 状语从句,且在从句中作地点状语,因此用where引导。
2.(2015安徽) Where ???he once felt like giving up,he now has the determina- tion to push further and keep on going.
答案 Where 句意:在他曾经想要放弃的地方,他现在有决心进一步推进并且坚持下去了。根据句意可知用Where。
引导地点状语从句的从属连词where,wherever指具体地点时,从句 可用于主句之前或之后;表示抽象条件的含义时,从句需放在主句之前。
We should go where the Party needs us most.
我们应到党最需要我们的地方去。
You are free to go wherever you like.
你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
Where there is a will,there is a way.
有志者,事竟成。
Where there is smoke,there is fire.
无火不生烟。/无风不起浪。
三、原因状语从句
单句填空
1.I really enjoy listening to music because/as ????it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
答案 because/as 句意:我真的很喜欢听音乐,因为它帮我放松并使我 不操心一天中的其他事。本题考查原因状语从句。空格前后为因果关 系,故答案为because或as。
2.Mark needs to learn Chinese since/as/because ??his company is opening a branch in Beijing.
答案 since/as/because 句意:马克需要学习汉语,因为他的公司正准备 在北京开一家分公司。考查原因状语从句,所以填since/as/because。
3.However, most scientists regard it as nothing more than a legend only because ??? there is a lack of concrete evidence.
答案 because 句意:然而,由于缺乏确凿的证据,大多数科学家认为那 只是一种传说。设空处填从属连词because,引导原因状语从句。
1.引导原因状语从句的从属连词有:because,as,since,now that,每个连词 的含义不尽相同。
如:
I was absent from the meeting because I was ill.
因为我病了,所以我开会缺席了。As it is raining,we shall not go to the park.
由于在下雨,我们不去公园了。
Now that/Since everybody is here,let’s begin our meeting.
既然大家都在,我们开始开会吧。
2.此外,when也可以表示原因,意为:since;considering that 既然;考虑到。 如:
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could walk there in five min- utes.
既然你步行5分钟能到那里,却坐出租车,真够愚蠢的。
四、目的状语从句
单句填空
1.Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so ??? that she could stay home and raise her family.
答案 so 句意:当Cathy的儿子出生时,她辞去了自己的工作,为了在家 抚养家庭。根据句意及句子结构可知,born之后是目的状语从句。故空 格处填so(so that为了)。
2.The police officers in our city work hard in order that ?? the rest of us can live a safe life.
答案 that 句意:为了让我们大家过上平安的生活,我市的警官工作非 常努力。在题干中,hard之后为目的状语从句,结合语境可知,that符合题 意(in order that为了)。
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有:so that,in order that,for fear that,in case, lest等。
1.in order that与so that
两个连词都意为“以便……;为了……”,它们引导的状语从句中需用 情态动词。in order that比so that正式,引导的状语从句可置于主句之前 或之后,而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。如:
I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
我会慢慢说,以便你能懂。
In order that we might see the sunrise,we started for the peak early.为了能 看到日出,我们很早就出发去了山顶。
2.for fear that与in case
引导目的状语从句时,for fear that表示“害怕,担心”某事会发生;in case (that)表示“以防(万一)”出现某种情况。如:
Mary didn’t want to get out of bed,for fear that she might wake her baby (up).玛丽不想起床,担心吵醒她的宝宝。
Take your raincoat,in case it rains.
带上雨衣吧,以防下雨。五、结果状语从句
单句填空
1.Pahlsson screamed so ??? loudly that her daughter came running from the house.
答案 so 句意:Pahlsson尖叫声如此大,以至于她的女儿从房子里跑了 出来。根据空后的that和语境可知,此处是so...that引导的结果状语从句, 故空格处填so。
2.(2017江西九江十校二次联考) Hunting elephants was so profitable that
from 1979 to 1989 the number of elephants in Africa fell from 1.3 million to
600,000.
答案 that 句意:猎杀大象能如此有利可图以至于从1979年到1989年, 非洲大象的数量从130万下降到60万。so...that...意为“如此……以至 于……”,引导结果状语从句。
3.His plan was such a good one that ?? we all agreed to accept it.
答案 that 根据句式“such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that+其 他”可知,that符合题意。
1.引导结果状语从句的从属连词有:so that,so...that...,such...that...。在非 正式语体中,由so...that...,such...that...引导的从句中的that可以省略,注意 其结构:
?
?Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him.
=Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him.
迈克是一个如此诚实的工人,以至于我们都信任他。
It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.
天气如此晴朗,以至于我们都想去公园。
He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family.
他挣这么少的钱,以至于养不起家。
注意:(1)为了强调形容词和副词,当so或such置于句首时,主句要用倒装 语序。
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult questions.他是如此聪明的一个学生,以至于能够解出所有难题。
(2)当so或such所在的主句主语与结果状语从句中的主语一致时,还可简 化为:so/such...as to...。
He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult questions.→
He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the difficult ques- tions.
2.such...that...引导的状语从句与such...as...引导的定语从句的区别。
首先观察两个句子:
①He is such a clever boy as everyone likes.
他是一个人人都喜爱的聪明孩子。②He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him.
他是一个如此聪明的孩子,以至于人人都喜欢他。
第①个句子中everyone likes成分残缺,缺少宾语,故可判断该句为定语 从句;第②句中everyone likes him结构完整,不缺任何成分,故可判断为 状语从句。六、条件状语从句
单句填空
1. Once/If ???the damage is done,it will take many years for the farmland to
recover.
答案 Once/If 句意:一旦/如果遭到破坏,要花费很多年的时间才能使 农田恢复。根据句意可知用 Once/If。
2.It is so cold that you can’t go outside unless ???fully covered in thick
clothes.
答案 unless 句意:天太冷了,你不能出去,除非你被厚厚的衣服包裹得 严严实实。根据句意可知用 unless。此处unless fully covered=unless you are fully covered。
3. If ???we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language.
答案 If 句意:如果我们对仅仅记住几条规则就感到满意的话,那我们 就不是真的在学习这门语言。根据语境此处应该是考查条件状语从句, 所以要用if 引导。
单句改错
4.Mother had just said that when I wanted to have a better career advance- ment, I had to find work in the city.
?? when→if ??
答案 when→if 句意:妈妈刚刚说,如果我想拥有一个更好的职业发 展,我必须在城里找工作。根据语境可知,应为if引导的条件状语从句, 故将when改为if。
引导条件状语从句的从属连词有:if,unless(=if...not如果不;除非……;否 则……),so/as long as(只要),in case(万一),on condition that(条件是),sup- pose/supposing(假设,如果),provided/providing that(如果)等。如:
You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard(=if you don't study hard).除非 你努力学习,否则你考试会不及格。
As long as you don’t lose heart,you will succeed.
只要不灰心,你就会成功。
Suppose/Supposing(that)they refuse us,who else can we turn to for help? 假如他们拒绝了我们,我们还能求助于谁?
In case there is a fire,what will we do first?
万一发生火灾,我们首先做什么?
七、方式状语从句
单句填空
1.Just as ???a single word can change the meaning of a sentence,a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
答案 as 句意:正如一个词可以改变一个句子的意思一样,一个句子 可以改变一个段落的意思。根据句意可知用as。
2.Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as ?? though he had done something very clever.
答案 as 句意:杰克什么也没说,但老师向他笑了笑,好像他做了件聪 明的事情一样。在题干中,him之后是方式状语从句,结合句意可知,as与 题意相符(as though好像)。
引导方式状语从句的从属连词有:as,as if,as though等。方式状语从句一 般位于句尾,有时位于句中。其中as if或as though引导的从句一般用虚 拟语气,但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现,也可用陈述语气。
Do as you are told,or you’ll be fired.
叫你做什么你就做什么,否则你会被解雇。
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.(虚拟语气)这位老太 太对待这个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子似的。
I feel as if I have a fever.(陈述语气)我感觉我好像发烧了。
八、让步状语从句
单句填空
1.(2017陕西咸阳二模) Researchers have found, in their experiment, that a baby’s cries can cause unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them whether ??? we are parents or not.
答案 whether 句意:研究者们在他们的实验中发现,婴儿啼哭能够引 起头脑中独特的情感反应,使得我们不可能忽略他们,无论我们是不是 父母。whether...or...可用来引导让步状语从句,意为:无论……还是… …。
2.(2017江西新余一中、宜春一中联考) Wherever ???you’re from, you can come to dance, dine, and take part in outdoor and indoor concerts.
答案 Wherever 句意:无论你来自哪里,你可以来跳舞,用餐,参加户 外、户内的音乐会。根据上下文逻辑可知设空处引导让步状语从句,意 为:无论什么地方,故填wherever。
单句改错
3.Unless hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
?? Unless→However ??
答案 Unless→However 句意:不管你如何努力,如果你不减少进食量, 是很难减肥的。根据语境并结合句式“however+形容词/副词+主谓” 可知,逗号前为让步状语从句,故应用however作为引导词。
1.although/though(尽管,虽然),even though/even if(虽然,即使,尽管)引导 的让步状语从句
although与though两者意思相同,一般可互换,都可以与yet,still或never- theless连用,但不能和but连用。如:
He is unhappy,though/although he has a lot of money.
虽然他很有钱,但他并不幸福。
Although/Though it was raining hard,yet they went on playing football.
虽然雨下得很大,但他们还是继续踢足球。
Even though it is raining,we’ll go there.(陈述语气)
尽管下着雨,我们也要去那里。
Even if I were busy,I would go.(虚拟语气)
即使忙,我也要去。
注意:though还可用作副词,意为“可是,然而”,置于句末。如:
He said he would come;he didn’t,though.
他说他会来,可是没有来。
2.whether...or...(不管……还是……);疑问词+-ever与no matter+疑问词 (不管……;无论……)。如:
Whether you believe it or not,it is true.
不管你相信与否,那都是真的。
Whatever(=No matter what)you say,he won’t believe you.
无论你说什么,他都不会相信你说的话。
Whoever you are(=No matter who you are),you must obey the rules.无论 你是谁,你都要遵守规则。
注意:whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever还可以引导名词性从句。 如:
You can take whatever you like.(宾语从句)
你喜欢什么就可以拿什么。
3.when,while也可作从属连词表让步,while常用在句首,when常用在句 中,相当于although。如:
Suddenly,she stopped when she ought to have continued.
尽管她应该继续下去,她却突然停住了。
While I admit that there are problems,I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题存在,但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。
技巧点拨
1.做有关并列连词的题目时,首先要熟知and,but,yet,or,so,for,ei- ther...or...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...等并列连词的意义和用法,然 后要理清分句间的逻辑关系,最后给出正确答案。
2.状语从句的考查重点在从属连词上,因此考生要注意区分某些近义、 近似从属连词及句式的用法。如:when,as,while的用法区别;if,even if,as if 在词义上的区别;as far as,as long as,as soon as的词义区别;as的多种用 法;until,unless形似但语义不同的用法;before,since等句型的用法;wh-ev- er...=no matter wh-...的用法;也要注意状语从句的省略现象(if possible,if so)等。请认真完成作业专题八 并列连词和状语从句
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.I was glad to meet Jenny again, I didn’t want to spend all day with her.?
2. online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive. ?
3.It’s not easy to change habits, with awareness and self-control,it is possible.?
4.I believe you will have a wonderful time here you get to know everyone else.?
5.There is only one more day to go your favorite music group play live.?
6.(2017辽宁葫芦岛六校协作体考试)Some animals, like people, eat both plants animals.?
7.If you miss this chance,it may be years you get another one.?www-2-1-cnjy-com
8.They quickly gave me the gun asked me if I had heard the tiger.?21教育网
9.You will never gain success you are fully devoted to your work.?2-1-c-n-j-y
10.The number of people invited was fifty, a number of them were absent for different reasons.?
11. scientists have learned a lot about the universe,there is much we still don’t know.?
12.It has been separated from other continents for millions of years, it has many plants and animals that cannot be found anywhere else in the world.?
13. the students came from different countries,they got along quite well in the summer camp.?
14.I would have been able to catch the first flight home, my watch betrayed me.?
15.The meaning of the word “nice”changed a few times it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”.?
16.It’s much easier to make friends you have similar interests.?21cnjy.com
17.She says that she’ll have to close the shop business improves.?
18.I have heard a lot of good things about you I came back from abroad.?21*cnjy*com
19. he has decided to come to see you, when do you think he will come??【出处：21教育名师】
20.—Was it still there you were away to answer the phone??
—There is no doubt about it.
21.As young men,we should learn to stand up we fall.?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.(2017课标全国Ⅲ)I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.
2.However, after I go hiking, I make sure to have all of the basic necessities.
3.Though hard everyone tried to persuade him, he just wouldn’t listen.
4.Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi when the bus had dropped her.
5.She had just finished her homework before her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.
6.Because he thought he could escape people’s attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong.
7.My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me before the bus arrived.21·世纪*教育网
8.Read this story, so you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.【版权所有：21教育】
9.A number of high buildings have arisen when there was nothing a year ago but ruins.2·1·c·n·j·y
10.I had hardly got to the office since my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
11.As it reported, it is more than 100 years after Tsinghua University was founded.
12.Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or no matter what it is convenient for you.
13.When you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me.21·cn·jy·com
14.I had hoped to take a holiday this year and I wasn’t able to get away.
15.He had no sooner finished his speech when the students started cheering.
16.The baby was on the point of crying after her mother came home.
答案精解精析
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.but/yet 句意:很高兴又见到珍妮了,但我不想花一整天的时间和她在一起。根据句意可知前后两个分句之间是转折关系,所以用but或yet。
2.While/Although/Though 句意:虽然网购改变了我们的生活,但并不是它的所有影响都是正面的。考查状语从句。根据句意可知用While/Although/Though引导让步状语从句。
3.but/yet 句意:改变习惯不容易,但是如果有(改变的)意识和自控力还是可能的。题干前后两个分句存在意思上的转折,所以用but或yet。
4.once/if 句意:我相信一旦/如果你认识了其他所有人,你会在这里玩得很开心。根据语境可知用once/if。
5.before 句意:在你最喜欢的乐队现场表演之前只剩下一天了。根据句意可知用before。
6.and 句意:一些动物,例如人类,既吃植物也吃动物。both...and...为固定搭配,意为:既……也……。
7.before 句意:如果你错过了这次机会的话,那可能要等到多年之后你才能再次获得机会。此处为固定句式it may be+一段时间+before...。
8.and 句意:他们迅速给了我那支枪并问我是否听到过那只老虎的叫声。前后为顺承关系,故用and连接。
9.unless 句意:除非你全身心地投入到工作中,否则你永远也不会获得成功。分析句子结构可知设空处引导条件状语从句,又根据句意可知填unless。
10.but 句意:被邀请的人数是50,但他们中的很多人由于不同原因缺席了。前后两个分句为转折关系,故用but连接。www.21-cn-jy.com
11.Although/Though/While 句意:虽然科学家已经了解了很多有关宇宙的东西,但是还有很多我们仍然不知道的。根据句意可知填Although/Though/While。
12.so 句意:由于与其他大陆分开了好几百万年,因此那里有许多在世界别的地方找不到的植物和动物。前后两句为因果关系,故答案为so。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
13.Although/Though/While 句意:虽然这些学生来自不同的国家,但他们在这个夏令营中相处得很好。根据句意可知用Although/Though/While。21世纪教育网版权所有
14.but 句意:我本来能够赶上第一个航班回家的,但我的手表不准了。前后两分句为转折关系,故用并列连词but。
15.before 句意:“nice”这个单词的含义在它最终包含“pleasant”的含义之前经过了多次变化。根据句意可知填before。
16.when 句意:当你们有相似兴趣的时候,交朋友就容易多了。when当(某种条件出现)时会(产生某种状况)。
17.unless 句意:她说如果生意还没有改善的话,就不得不把店关掉。根据语境可知,此处应该是表达商店关门的条件,即if business doesn’t improve,故用unless(=if...not)。
18.since 句意:自我从国外回来以来,已听到不少关于你的好事情。空格前使用了现在完成时,空格后是一般过去时,符合since(自从……以来)的用法特点。
19.Since 句意:既然他已决定来看你,你认为他什么时候来呢?since从属连词,既然。
20.while 句意:——当你离开去接电话时它还在那儿吗?——毫无疑问它在那里。时间状语从句谓语动词为延续性动词,设空处表示“当……时”,故答案为while。21教育名师原创作品
21.where 句意:作为年轻人,我们应该学会在我们跌倒的地方站起来。本题考查地点状语从句。“ we fall”说明stand up这一动作的地点,故答案为where。?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.and→but 此处是固定结构not only...but also...,故将and改为but。
2.after→before 本题考查状语从句。根据常识可知在远足前而不是在远足后准备一些基本必需品,故将after改为before。
3.Though→However 句意:不管大家怎么努力劝说,他就是不听。根据语境并结合句式“however+形容词/副词+主谓”可知,逗号前为让步状语从句,应用however作为引导词。故Though改为However。
4.when→where 句意:半小时后,在公交车把她丢下的地方,Lucy还是没能坐上出租车。在题干中,taxi之后是地点状语从句,引导词在句中作地点状语。故when改为where。
5.before→when “had just done...when...”为常用句式,意为“刚刚做过……这时……”。故before改为 when。
6.Because→If 句意:如果他认为坐在后面可以逃避大家的注意,他就错了。根据句意可知,逗号前为条件状语从句,故Because应改为If。
7.before→until/till 句意:我的朋友们步行把我送到汽车站,陪我一直等到公共汽车到来。根据语境可知,应用until/till引导时间状语从句。故before改为until/till。
8.so→and 句意:读了这个故事,你会发现,不是每样东西都可以用金钱来买。此处为常用句式“祈使句+and+陈述句”。故so改为and。
9.when→where 句意:很多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方拔地而起。arisen之后为地点状语从句,故when改为where。
10.since→when “hardly...when...”为常用句式,意为“一……就……”,故since 改为when。
11.after→since “It+be+一段时间+since+其他”为常用句式,表示“自从……以来……多长时间了”,故after改为since。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
12.what→when 句意:请给我的秘书打电话安排今天下午见面,或者在你方便的时候。根据语境可知,what应改为when。
13.When→Whether 句意:不管你玩还是看电视,不许打扰我。“whether...or...”意为“不管……还是……”,可用于引导让步状语从句。
14.and→but 句意:我本希望今年去度假,但是我走不开。根据语境可知,两个分句之间是转折关系,故and改为but。21*cnjy*com
15.when→than 句意:他一结束演讲,学生们就欢呼起来。“no sooner...than...”为常用句式,意为“一……就……”,故when改为than。
16.after→when “be on the point of doing...when...”为常用句式,意为“正要做某事,这时……”,故after改为when。
专题八 并列连词和状语从句
综合演练
Ⅰ.语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was on my way home with a friend yesterday 1 I found a mobile phone by the roadside. After picking it up, I searched the contact list and called numbers 2 (see) whether I could figure out whose phone it was. 3 (fortunate), the only person who answered the phone didn’t recognize the number that I was calling from.?21·cn·jy·com
My friend suggested that we 4 (go) back to the street and the house in front of 5 we found the mobile phone. And we did so. I knocked at the door and two young men 6 (answer). Neither of them had lost their phones, but as I referred 7 some names on the contact list, one of them said he also had those names 8 that it must be the phone of one of their friends. Then, he took the phone and said how wonderful it was that I took the time to find the owner. Afterwards, I left without leaving my name or address. I never considered keeping the phone. Instead, I immediately tried to find the 9 ( own). And I believed that was exactly what I would want someone to do if I lost my phone. It couldn’t have been 10 (good).?
Sometimes, helping others is just doing the right thing.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ?
6. 7. 8. 9. 10. ?
Ⅱ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。2-1-c-n-j-y
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Nowadays, with the growing popularity of computers, and people are paying less and less attention to their handwriting.www-2-1-cnjy-com
According to an recent survey, about 85.8 percent of middle school students think their handwriting poorly. Yet by various reasons, many students don’t want improve their handwriting. 51.5 percent of the students think they can just use a computer, but there is no need to waste time improve their handwriting. 32.3 percent believe they are very busy with the study that we do not have time to practice. 10.9 percent think practising handwriting uselessness.21*cnjy*com
Beautiful and neat handwriting is beneficial. Therefore, in my opinion, more emphasis should be placed in this aspect.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
答案精解精析
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文是记叙文。作者在和朋友回家的路上拾到一部手机,经过一番努力最终把手机交还给主人。www.21-cn-jy.com
1.when 考查状语从句。根据语境“正在这时我发现了一部手机”可知,空格处应该填写when。
2.to see 考查非谓语动词。numbers之后为目的状语,且与主语是主动关系,故空格处应用不定式。
3.Unfortunately 考查副词。空格处在句中作状语,结合语境可知,空格处填副词Unfortunately。
4.(should) go 考查虚拟语气。空前的suggested意为“建议”,所接的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,即“(should+)动词原形”。故空格处填(should) go。2·1·c·n·j·y
5.which 考查定语从句。先行词指物,关系词在从句中作介词短语的宾语,故用关系代词which作为定语从句的引导词。21·世纪*教育网
6.answered 考查动词时态。空格处在句中作谓语,且是过去发生的动作,故空格处应用一般过去时态。
7.to 考查介词。“refer to”为动词短语,意为“参考;涉及;提到”。故空格处填介词to。
8.and 考查并列连词。空格处前后是并列关系,结合语境可知,并列连词and符合题意。
9.owner 考查词性转换。空格处作宾语,结合空前的定冠词the可知,空格处填名词owner。
10.better 考查形容词最高级。此处为比较级与否定词连用,表示最高级含义。
Ⅱ.第一段:
1.删除第一个and 考查并列连词。第二个逗号前为介词短语,而后面是一个简单句,即前后并非并列关系,故删除第一个and。21世纪教育网版权所有
第二段:
2.第一句:an→a 考查冠词。recent是以辅音音素开头,故an应改为a。
3.第一句:poorly→poor 考查形容词。handwriting之后的词在句中作宾补,故poorly改为poor。
4.第二句:want∧→to 考查非谓语动词。根据语境,want之后应该接不定式作宾语。
5.第三句:but→so 考查并列连词。逗号前后是因果关系,故but改为so。
6.第三句:improve→improving 考查非谓语动词。根据“waste time doing sth.”可知,improve应改为improving。 21教育网
7.第四句:very→so 考查状语从句。此处为“so...that...”引导的结果状语从句,故very应改为so。
8.第四句:we→they 考查代词。that之后的主语指代的是中学生,故we改为they。
9.第五句:uselessness→useless 考查形容词。第二段最后一句,handwriting之后的单词作宾补,故名词uselessness改为形容词形式。21cnjy.com
第三段:
10.第二句:第二个in→on 考查介词。“place emphasis on”为动词短语,意为“重视,强调”。
