课件26张PPT。专题三 形容词和副词考向分析
形容词和副词是历年来高考的高频考点之一,考查内容主要涉及倍数的 表达法、形容词或副词的比较级和最高级在常用句式中的应用,有时也 会利用具体语境来考查比较级和最高级。考点清单
一、平级比较的常用表达
单句填空
1.I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do working with students.
答案 as 句意:我在海上航行和现在与学生一起工作一样快乐。根据 常用表达“as+many/much+名词...+as...”可知,空格处填as。
2.It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
答案 an 句意:人们普遍认为,教学既是一门艺术,也是一门科学。根 据句式“as+much+a/an+名词+as...”可知,空格处填不定冠词an。
3.It was after he got what he had desired that he realized it was not so/as important.
答案 so/as 在句尾省略了“as what he had desired”,结合常用表达“not
as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”可知,空格处填so/as。
单句改错
4.(2015福建卷)The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn’t discouraged
and soon got so enthusiastic as ever.
so→as
答案 so→as 句意:这次失败对他来说是一个很大的打击,可是他并没 有气馁,很快他就又像以前那样充满热情了。根据在肯定句中平级比较 用“as+形容词原级+as”可知,句中的so使用错误,应改为as。1.as+形容词或副词的原级+as
He is as tall as his father.他和他父亲一样高。
2.not as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as (表示前者不如后者……)
He doesn??t study as/so hard as his brother. 他学习不如他弟弟努力。
3.as+形容词的原级+a/an+单数名词+as+其他
Tom is as hard-working a boy as his brother.汤姆是和他弟弟一样努力的 男孩。
4.as+many/much+名词+as+其他
I have as many books as you.我的书和你的书一样多。二、比较级的常用表达
单句填空
1.The traffic on the main streets has a longer ???? (long) green signal than that on the small ones.
答案 longer 空后的than是关键词,此处为常用表达“形容词或副词 的比较级+than+其他”,故空格处填longer。
2.The harder ?? (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.
答案 harder 根据句式“the+比较级+其他,the+比较级+其他”可知, 空格处填harder。
3.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love and nothing could be sweeter ?? (sweet ).
答案 sweeter 空后省略了“than it”,结合语境“没有什么比这更甜 的了”可知,空格处填比较级sweeter。此处否定词与比较级连用相当 于最高级。
单句改错
4.Of the two sisters, Betty is the youngest one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.
?? youngest→younger ??
答案 youngest→younger 句意:贝蒂是这两个姐妹中较年轻的那个, 而且她也是喜欢安静的那个。这里表示“两者中更/较……的”,故 youngest改为younger。
1.形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
[A]规则变化:名师点睛 少数双音节词及以-er或-le结尾的词,可以有两种比较级和最高级形式。
common→commoner/more common→commonest/most common
[B]不规则变化:2.形容词和副词比较级的常见用法
(1)表示一方不及另一方时,用“less+原级+than”结构。
This computer is less expensive than mine.
这台电脑没有我的贵。
(2)表示一方程度随另一方程度平行变化时,用“the+比较级...,the+比较 级...”,意为“越……越……”。
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
他越忙越感到高兴。
(3)不与其他事物相比较,表示本身程度的改变时,用“比较级+and+比较 级/more and more+原级”结构,意为“越来越……”。Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
我们学校变得越来越漂亮了。
(4)表示“和……一样不……”时,用“no+比较级+than”结构。
You are no taller than I.你和我一样都不高。
(5)注意下列短语的使用:
①be more than意为“超过,不仅仅;非常”。
There are more than fifty students in the class.
这个班有50多个学生。(more than此时多与数词连用)
Peace is more than the absence of war.
和平不仅仅是没有战争。(more than此时多与名词连用)
She is more than selfish.
她非常自私。(more than此时多与形容词连用)②more...than...意为“与其说……不如说……”。
She is more careless than stupid.
与其说她笨,还不如说她粗心大意。
③not more than“至多”。
I have not more than ten books in my bag.
我包里的书不多于10本。
④no more than“只有,仅仅”。
I have no more than ten books in my bag.
我的包里仅有10本书。⑤less than“少于”。
It had cost Tom less than five dollars.
它花费汤姆不到五美元。
⑥no less than“有……之多”。
No less than a thousand people came.
多达1000人来了。
⑦not less than“不少于”。
He is not less than 80 years old.
他至少80岁了。
(6)“the+比较级+of+the two... ”表示“两者中更/较……的”
Tom is the taller of the two boys.汤姆是这两个男孩中较高的那个。3.比较级形式表示最高级意义的表达方式
(1)否定词+比较级
(2)比较级+than+any other+单数名词
(3)比较级+than+the other+复数名词
(4)比较级+than+anyone/anything else
(5)比较级+than+any of the other+复数名词
I have never spent a more worrying day.
我度过了最令人担忧的一天。
I can’t agree more.我完全同意。Every morning he arrives earlier than any other student in the class.
=Every morning he arrives earlier than the other students in the class.
=Every morning he arrives earlier than any of the other students in the class.
=Every morning he arrives earlier than the rest of the students in the class.
每天早上他都是班里来得最早的。三、最高级的常用表达
单句填空
1.Brighton is the healthiest ???? (health) city in Britain with the highest level of personal trainers, yoga clubs and health food stores, according to a survey released on Friday.
答案 healthiest 根据语境“布莱顿是英国最健康的城市”可知,空格 处填最高级healthiest。2.This is by far the most inspiring ????(inspiring)movie that I have ever seen.
答案 the most inspiring 由by far和I have ever seen可知这里应用最高 级。
3.(2017河北唐山调研)Al’s adult son, Ernie, however, is one of the kindest? (kind) men I have ever known.
答案 kindest 根据I have ever known可推知设空处需用形容词最高级。
单句改错
4.As is know to all, the People’s Republic of China is the bigger develop- ing country in the world.
????????? bigger→biggest ??????????????
答案 bigger→biggest 句意:众所周知,中华人民共和国是世界上最大 的发展中国家。根据句意可知,句中的bigger使用错误,应改为最高级形 式。1.形容词最高级(+名词)+表示范围的状语
She is the most active student in our class.
她是我们班最活跃的学生。
2.one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country.=Shanghai is among the biggest cities in our country.
上海是我们国家最大的城市之一。
3.序数词+形容词最高级+名词
Africa is the second largest continent in the world.
非洲是世界上第二大洲。四、倍数的常用表达
单句填空
1.My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice as expensive.
答案 as 句意:我叔叔在市区的房子比我们的小得多,但价格是我们 的房子的两倍。句尾省略了“as ours”,结合倍数的表达法“倍数+as+ 形容词或副词的原级+as”可知,空格处填as。2.It’s known to us that the earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
答案 of 题干为倍数表达法,即“倍数+the+名词(length,size,height, weight,depth等)+of+其他”,故空格处填介词of。
3.Our city has experienced twice as much rain this year as it did last year.
答案 as 句意:我们城市今年的降雨量是去年的两倍。根据倍数的常 用表达“倍数+as+much+名词+as+其他”可知,空格处填as。单句改错
4.It’s said that the power plant is now twice as what it used to be.
?????删掉as ?????????
答案 删掉as 根据倍数的表达法“倍数+what+从句”可知,应该删除 as。1.倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as
2.倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than
3.倍数+the+名词+of
4.倍数+what从句
Our classroom is three times as large as theirs.
=Our classroom is three times larger than theirs.
=Our classroom is three times the size of theirs.
我们的教室是他们教室的三倍大。
The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago.这条路的 长度是三年前的4倍。技巧点拨
语篇型语法填空与短文改错中对本专题内容的考查较多,如:
例1 I am sorry I have something important (importantly) to do.
例2 Johnson found the work slightly difficult (difficulty).
例3 He is lying in bed, wide awake (wake).1.形容词和副词是语法填空的必考点。主要以有提示词的形式考查考生。
(1)形容词可作定语(如例1)、表语、补语(如例2)。因此,在做语法填空 题时,若句子缺定语、表语或补语,要首先想到用形容词。
(2)副词在句中常作状语,修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、介词短语或
整个句子。因此当设空处作状语时,首先考虑要填副词;但要注意形容 词也可作状语(如例3)。
(3)做语篇型语法填空时,考生还需根据上下文及形容词和副词的比较 等级的常用句型来判断。
2.短文改错中,常常出现本该用形容词却用了副词或本该用副词却用了 形容词的情况,具体情况要根据形容词和副词的基本用法判断。此外, 平时复习时还要注意一些常见形容词、副词的辨析。
请认真完成作业专题三 形容词和副词
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.By eating more fast food people will get (much) salt and fat than they need in their diets. ?
2.(2016课标全国卷Ⅱ)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of (great) and less importance. ?21·cn·jy·com
3.The quality of education in this small school is (good) than that in some larger schools.?
4.(2015陕西卷)The more learned a man is,the (modest) he usually becomes.?
5.Andy is content with the toy, and it is the (good)gift he has ever got.?
6.It may not be a great suggestion, but before a (good)one is put forward,we’ll make do with it.?
7.I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are (meaningful)things to do.?
8.I had the (mean)mother in the world.?
9.Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.?
10.No one could be (generous);he has a heart of gold.?
11.Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost twice as much his. ?
12.When compared with the size of the whole earth, the (high) mountain does not seem high at all.?
13.The higher you climb the mountain, the (little) air you can breathe. ?
14.Every year Mrs Green earns twice her husband does. ?
15.Peter is very popular with his students and he is as good teacher as his mother. ?
16.This hill is four times the height that small one in my village.?21cnjy.com
17.He speaks English well indeed, but of course not fluently as the native speaker.?
18.I couldn’t enjoy myself (much)—it was a perfect day.?
19.Of the two coats, I’d choose the (cheap) one to spare some money for a book. ?
20.The hotel industry was the second (large) industry in this country last year.?
21.Mary is our friend than our teacher. ?
22.Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been (popular).?
23.In terms of natural resources, it is one of the (poor) countries in Western Europe. ?
24.A note is often a (good) way to “talk” with a child than using the telephone.?
25.One of the (popular) Chinese TV play series, Empresses in the Palace is expected to be broadcast on several US television stations in about six months.?21教育名师原创作品
26.Never before has the city been in (great) need of modern public transport than it is today.?
27.The Summer Palace is really beautiful, and I doubt whether China has a (beautiful) park.?
28.There isn’t an airport near where I live and the (near) one is about 90 miles away.?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Ellen is a fantastic dancer and I wish I danced as good as her.2·1·c·n·j·y
2.Many people have donated that type of blood;however, the blood bank needs most.
3.Mr. Stevenson is great to work for—I really can’t ask for a good boss.
4.The doctor says he is recovering fast than expected and will come out of hospital in a few weeks.
5.It’s becoming more or more difficult to find a job in that country.
6.I think that Peter is the tallest one of the two students.www-2-1-cnjy-com
7.I knew that they would be worried about me because I was so farther away.
8.Tom is as hard-working boy as his brother.
9.This science museum is twice as big so that one.2-1-c-n-j-y
10.I think that I’ve never been to a most exciting party before.21世纪教育网版权所有
11.Mr. Smith owns a large collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met.21*cnjy*com
12.After two years’ research, we now have a far best understanding of the disease.
13.I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times so much.
14.Know most words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.
15.As I know, he spends at least as much time playing when he does writing.
16.When solving the problem a second time, you’d better be careful where you made a mistake.
17.After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced twice so many tractors as the year before.
答案精解精析
Ⅰ.1.more 根据空后的than和语境可知,空格处填比较级more。
2.greater 空格处与less是并列关系,结合语境可知,空格处填比较级greater。
3.better 句意:这个小学校的教学质量比一些大学校的教学质量要好。根据空后的than可知,空格处填比较级。21教育网
4.more modest 句意:一个人越有学问,他通常就越谦虚。此处为比较级的常用表达“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”,意为“越……就越……”。故空格处填比较级more modest。【出处：21教育名师】
5.best 句意:Andy对这个玩具很满意。这是他得到过的最好的礼物。由句意可知这里应填形容词最高级。
6.better 句意:这个建议可能不是很好,但是在一个更好的建议被提出来之前,我们会先凑合采用它。本题考查形容词的比较等级。“a+比较级+名词/代词”表示“一个更……的……”,题干中暗含着比较的含义,需使用比较级。
7.more meaningful 句意:我觉得每天晚上看电视是在浪费时间——有更有意义的事可做。根据题干可看出,和看电视相比,有更有意义的事情可做,所以此处应用比较级。
8.meanest 句意:我有世界上最小气的母亲。根据上下文及设空处前的the可推知设空处为形容词最高级,故答案为meanest。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
9.as 句意:了解你自己的需要和交流风格与学会表达你的喜爱和情感一样重要。根据空后的as可知,此处为常用表达“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”,故空格处填as。21*cnjy*com
10.more generous 句意:没人能够更慷慨了;他有一颗金子般的心。“否定词+形容词的比较级”相当于最高级,故空格处填more generous。【版权所有：21教育】
11.as 根据倍数的常用表达“倍数+as+much+as+其他”可知,空格处填as。
12.highest 空格处在句中作定语,结合语境“当与整个地球相比时,最高的山看起来一点都不高。”可知,空格处应填写最高级highest。
13.less 句意:你爬山爬得越高,你能呼吸的空气就越少。题干为比较级的常用表达“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”,故空格处填less。
14.what 根据倍数的常用表达“倍数+what从句”可知,空格处填what。
15.a 根据常用表达“as+形容词原级+a/an+单数名词+as”可知,空格处填不定冠词a。
16.of 根据倍数的常用表达“倍数+the+名词(length,size,height等)+of+其他 ”可知,空格处填介词of。
17.so/as 根据句式“not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as”可知,空格处填so/as。
18.more 此处是否定词与比较级连用,表示最高级的含义,故空格处填more。
19.cheaper 根据Of the two coats可知,空格处填cheaper。
20.largest 根据最高级的常用表达“the+序数词+形容词的最高级+名词”可知,空格处填largest。
21.more 句意:与其说玛丽是我们的老师,不如说她是我们的朋友。“be more...than...”有“与其说……不如说……”之意,故空格处填more。21·世纪*教育网
22.more popular 句意:布莱克先生非常高兴,因为他工厂里生产的衣服从来没有这么受欢迎过。此处为否定词与比较级连用,相当于最高级的含义,故空格处填more popular。
23.poorest 空格处在句中作定语,结合最高级的常用表达“one of+the+形容词的最高级+名词复数”可知,空格处应填写poorest。
24.better 空白处在句中作定语,结合语境及空后的关键词than可知,空白处应用good的比较级形式。
25.most popular 空格处作名词的定语,结合语境“最受欢迎的中国电视剧之一”可知,空格处应填写提示词的最高级形式。
26.greater 根据关键词than及语境可知,空格处应用提示词的比较级形式,故空格处填greater。
27.more beautiful 空格后省略了“than the Summer Palace”,故空格处应填写提示词的比较级形式。
28.nearest 空格处作定语,结合语境“最近的一个大约90英里远”可知,空格处应填写提示词的最高级形式。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
Ⅱ.1.good→well 句意:Ellen是一位优秀的舞者,我希望我跳舞跳得和她一样好。修饰动词danced应该使用副词well。
2.most→more 句意:很多人捐献了那种血,但血库还需要更多。根据语境可知,句尾的most应改为比较级more。
3.good→better 此处是否定词与比较级连用表示最高级,故good改为better。
4.fast→faster 根据than可知,fast应改为faster。
5.or→and 根据“more and more+形容词原级”可知,句中的or使用错误,应改为and。
6.tallest→taller 根据of the two students可知,tallest应改为比较级形式。
7.farther→far so不修饰比较级,只用于修饰形容词或者副词的原级,故farther应改为far。
8.boy前加a 根据常用表达“as+形容词+a/an+单数名词+as”可知,boy之前应加不定冠词a。
9.so→as 根据倍数的常用表达“倍数+as...as...”可知,so应改为as。
10.most→more 此处为“否定词+比较级”,因此句中的most使用错误,应改为more。
11.large→larger 根据空后的than可知,形容词large应用比较级形式。
12.best→better 句意:经过两年的研究,我们现在对这种疾病有了更好的了解。根据语境可知,best应改为比较级形式。
13.so→as “倍数+as+much+as+其他”为常用表达,而本句句尾省略了“as that one”,故把so改为as。
14.most→more 根据easier和语境可知,most使用错误,应改为比较级形式。
15.when→as 根据常用表达“as+many/much+名词+其他+as+其他”可知,when使用错误,应改为as。
16.careful前加more 根据语境“你最好在你出错的地方更细心一些”可知,careful应用比较级形式,故careful之前添加more。www.21-cn-jy.com
17.so→as 根据倍数的常用表达“倍数+as+many/much+名词+as+其他”可知,so使用错误,应改为as。
专题三 形容词和副词
教师备用
单句填空
1.It’s believed that the (hard) you work, the better result you’ll get.?21世纪教育网版权所有
答案 harder 根据句式“the+比较级+其他,the+比较级+其他”可知,空格处应填写提示词的比较级形式。
2.There are two rooms in the apartment, the (small) one of which serves as a kitchen.?
答案 smaller 由语境和two rooms可知,空格处应填写提示词的比较级形式。
单句改错
3.I think that this film is far interesting than the films I have ever seen.21cnjy.com
答案 interesting前面加more 句意:我认为这部电影比我之前看过的电影有趣得多。根据题干中的far和than”可知,interesting之前应该添加more。21教育网
专题三 形容词和副词
综合演练
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2017山东师范大学附中高三一模)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dr. Barone has helped many kids smile who were born with defects(缺陷), including me. She did my first operations when I was a baby, which were the most important and 1 (effect).?21教育网
I don’t remember the first two operations very well, but I can recall 2 third one. Dr. Barone was kind and eased me into the process. She let me choose my sleep medicine, 3 (make) sure that I was okay. I recently saw a picture of me before my operation,and I knew 4 a big job she did.?2·1·c·n·j·y
Dr. Barone 5 (operate) on people with all types of birth defects. She also goes to other countries where people cannot afford this treatment and helps them 6 free.?【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Many people have benefited from her new ways 7 (invent) to treat the birth defects of the head and face. She has won many awards. A few of them 8 (be) Best Doctors in America 2013—2014, America’s Top Plastic Surgery and so on.?21·世纪*教育网
Dr. Barone was my doctor when I was a kid, and even though I was 9 (probable) just another patient to her, to me she was 10 (much) than just a doctor. She was and is my hero, and she gave me back my smile.?
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2017四川成都七中高三模拟考试)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。www-2-1-cnjy-com
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Editor,
I’m sorry to occupy your precious time,and I really want to tell you anything about the problem of some people keeping too many pets nowadays. I take the problem more and more seriously for the following reason. First of all, as it is known to people, pets make too much noise that trouble residents a lot. What’s more, it is widely accepted that animal waste pollutes the environment, where makes people quite uncomfortable. Many owners like taking their pets to public place where they frighten children or even bite people. The mostly important is that pets can spread some diseases and this has attracted much attention. Take all these factors into consideration, I sincerely hope that I can get help from you and expect the media do something for this.
Yours truly,
Wang Lin
答案精解精析
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文讲述了Barone医生的事迹。
1.effective 空格处作表语,结合空前的形容词和and可知,空格处填effective。
2.the 空后表示第三次手术,故之前应使用定冠词the。
3.making 此处为现在分词短语作状语,与主语是逻辑上的主动关系。
4.what knew之后为宾语从句,结合“What+a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!”可知,what符合题意。
5.operates 空格处作谓语,结合语境和下句话的时态可知,此处应用一般现在时。
6.for for free为介词短语,意为“免费,无偿地”。
7.invented 此处为过去分词作后置定语,且与被修饰词是被动关系。
8.are A few of them作主语,谓语动词用复数形式,结合语境可知,空格处应用一般现在时。
9.probably 空格处在句中作状语,故填副词probably。
10.more 根据空后的than可知,more符合题意;“more than”意为“不仅仅”。
Ⅱ.1.第一句:and→but “I’m sorry..., but...”用于礼貌地引出令人失望的消息,故and改为but。
2.第一句:anything→something 该句为陈述句,结合语境可知,anything应改为something。
3.第二句:reason→reasons 根据语境可知,原因不仅仅一个,故reason应用复数形式。
4.第三句:删除it as引导的是非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,it是多余的。
5.第三句:trouble→troubles 关系词在定语从句中作主语,从句的谓语动词应与先行词noise保持一致,故trouble改为troubles。21世纪教育网版权所有
6.第四句:where→which 先行词指物,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故用which作为引导词。
7.第五句:public前加the或place→places place为可数名词,故public之前添加定冠词或place改为复数形式。21cnjy.com
8.第六句:mostly→most 此处为important的最高级形式,故mostly改为most。21·cn·jy·com
9.第七句:Take→Taking 此处为现在分词短语作状语,且与主语是主动关系。
10.第七句:do前加to 或will expect之后接不定式作宾补,故do前加上to;另外,也可看作expect后接宾语从句,从句的谓语是将来的动作,应用一般将来时。www.21-cn-jy.com
