课件46张PPT。专题九 专题十 特殊句式(倒装、强调和
省略等)
考向分析
特殊句式包括倒装、感叹句、祈使句、强调和省略等,在高考试题中只 是偶尔会考查一次。虽然特殊句式不是高考的重点考点,但是仍然需要 灵活掌握,而且掌握好特殊句式还有助于写作能力的提升。考点一 倒装考点二 感叹句与祈使句考点三 强调句型本专题考点考点四 省略考点清单
考点一 倒装
一、完全倒装
单句填空
1.Now, just in front of the house stands ?? (stand)a tall tree with a history of 100 years.
答案 stands 句意:现在,就在这座房子前面耸立着一棵有100年历史 的大树。表示地点的介词短语置于句首,且主语是名词,后面的主语、 谓语部分需用全部倒装形式;根据时间状语Now可推知设空处需用一般 现在时;本句主语为第三人称单数,故填stands。2.Among the crises that face humans is ? (be) the lack of natural re- sources.
答案 is 该句为倒装句式,主语为“the lack of natural resources”,而 该句描述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时。故空格处填is。
单句改错
3.John opened the door and there stand a girl he had never seen before.
?? stand→stood ??
答案 stand→stood there位于句首,且主语不是人称代词时,句子应用 完全倒装形式,结合语境可知,stand错误,应用一般过去时态,故stand改为 stood。
完全倒装(Full Inversion)
谓语部分完全放在主语之前的句子,便是完全倒装句。
1.副词、介词短语类:
①表示地点的副词here,there置于句首,且主语是名词(不是代词),需用完 全倒装,其形式为:There/Here+谓语+主语。常用于此句型的谓语动词为 be,go,come,exist,follow,remain,lie等,时态要用一般现在时。
There goes the last bus.末班公共汽车开走了。
Here is the money I promised you.这是我答应给你的钱。
There goes the bell for break.下课铃响了。
Here you are.给你。(代词作主语,不倒装)
②表示时间的副词(如:now,then等)、运动方向的副词(如:out,in,up, down,away等)及表示地点的介词短语置于句首,且主语是名词(不是代 词),需用完全倒装,其形式为:副词或介词短语+谓语+主语。常用于此句 型的谓语动词为come,fall,follow,exist,lie,go,remain,run等,时态为一般现 在时或一般过去时。
Now comes your turn!现在该你了!
Up went the arrow into the air.箭直射向空中。
Under the table sleeps a white cat.
在桌子下面睡着一只白色的猫。
Behind the counter he stood.他站在柜台后面。(代词作主语,不倒装)
2.表语类:
为了保持句子平衡或强调表语部分等,将作表语的形容词、分词、介词 短语、such置于句首时,需用完全倒装,其形式为:形容词/现在分词/过去 分词/介词短语/such+be+主语。
Happy are those who are contented.知足者常乐。
Growing all over the mountain are wild flowers.
漫山遍野长满了野花。
Seated on the ground are a group of young people.
席地而坐的是一群年轻人。
Inside the parcel was a letter.包裹里有封信。
Such were his words.(=Such was what he said.)
这就是他说的话。
二、部分倒装
单句填空
1.Not until recently did????? they encourage the development of tourist-re- lated activities in the rural areas.
答案 did????句意:直到近期,他们才开始鼓励农村地区与旅游有关的活 动的发展。not until位于句首时,句子需用部分倒装结构,此处指过去所 发生的动作,需用一般过去时,故答案为did。
2.Only when Lily walked into the office did ????she realize that she had left the contract at home.
答案 did 句意:直到莉莉走进办公室她才意识到她把合同落在家里 了。“only+状语从句”置于句首时,主句需用部分倒装形式。根据题 干中的had left可以推断出设空处应该用一般过去时,故填did。
3. Only ??by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can the pa- tients be treated properly in this hospital.
答案 Only 句意:只有将医生的人数增加50%,病人才能在这家医院 得到恰当的治疗。“only+状语”置于句首时,句子要部分倒装。其正 常语序是:The patients can be treated properly in this hospital only by in- creasing the number of doctors by 50 percent.
4.So buried was ???(be)she in doing her homework that she didn’t notice it got dark outside.
答案 was 句意:她如此全神贯注做她的家庭作业以至于她都没注意 到外面天已经黑了。so...that...句型中,将so...置于句首,后面的主谓语需 部分倒装;根据题中的didn’t可知设空处需用一般过去时,故答案为 was。
单句改错
5.The headmaster will not permit the change in the course;nor does he even give it a thought.
?? does→will ??
答案 does→will 否定副词neither,never,seldom等放在句首时,句子用 部分倒装形式。逗号前使用了一般将来时,根据语境,逗号之后也应用 一般将来时。
二、部分倒装(Partial Inversion)
把be动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语之前的句子叫部分倒装句。这 类句型主要有下面几种:
1.only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,且放在句首时。
Only in this way can we learn English well.
只有用这种方法我们才能学好英语。
使用特点:
(1)在部分倒装句中,如果谓语部分无助动词,则需找助动词来“帮助” 构成倒装句。
(?)Only after the war learned he the sad news.
(√)Only after the war did he learn the sad news.
只是在战后他才得知那个不幸的消息。
(2)only 修饰状语从句时,从句不可倒装,主句倒装。
(?)Only when did he return we found out the truth.
(√)Only when he returned did we find out the truth.
只是当他回来的时候,我们才查明了真相。
(3)only 修饰主语时,句子不可倒装。
(?)Only can he answer the question.
(√)Only he can answer the question.
只有他能回答这个问题。
2.否定词never,nor,not,hardly,little,seldom,scarcely,rarely及表否定意义的 介词短语at no time,under/in no circumstances,in no case,by no means,on no condition等置于句首时。
Never before have I seen such a moving film.=I have never seen such a moving film before.
以前我从未看过这么感人的电影。
Not a single mistake did he make.=He didn’t make a single mistake.他一 个错误也没犯。
Hardly do I think it possible to finish the work before dark.
=I hardly think it possible to finish the work before dark.
我认为在天黑之前完成这项工作几乎是不可能的。
3.六个重要的固定句型:
(1)“so+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”意为“……也是如此”。
They love having lots of friends;so do those with disabilities.
他们喜欢交很多朋友,那些身有残疾的人也是如此。
使用特点:
①此句型也可写成“it is/was the same with...”或“so it is/was with...”。
They love having lots of friends;
?②如果仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和(此时的so=indeed),那么,句子不 可使用倒装。试比较:
A:I was afraid.(I 指的是A)
B:So was I.(I 指的是B。此句意为:I was afraid,too.)
A:我害怕。
B:我也是。A:I was afraid.(I 指的是A)
B:So you were.(you 指的也是A。此句意为:Indeed you were afraid.)
A:我害怕。
B:你就是这样。
(2)“neither/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”意为“……也不这样”。
Lily can’t ride a bicycle;neither/nor can Lucy.
莉莉不会骑自行车,露西也不会。
使用特点:
①此句型也可写成“it is/was the same with...”或“so it is/was with...”。
Lily can’t ride a bicycle;?
②此句型中的neither/nor不可用so...not 替代,但可用not...either 改写。
(?)I have never been abroad.So hasn’t he.
(√)I have never been abroad.Neither/Nor has he.(√)I have never been abroad.He has never/not been abroad,either.
我没出过国。他也没有。
(3)?
So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself under- stood.
他说英语说得如此清晰,以至于别人都能听得懂。
Such an interesting book does he have that we all want to read it.他有一本 如此有趣的书,以至于我们都想读。使用特点:
在这个句型中,so,such后面的句子要倒装,而that 引导的从句不倒装。(4)Neither...nor...意为“……不……,……也不……”。
Neither do I know it;nor do I care about it.
我不知道这件事,也不关心。
使用特点:
由于neither 和nor 都是否定词,所以它们后面的句子均需倒装。
(5)Not only...but also...意为“不仅……而且……”。
Not only will help be given to people to find jobs,but also medical treat- ment will be provided for people who need it.
不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助,而且也要给那些有需要的人提供药 物治疗。使用特点:
此句型也可写成 Not only...but...或Not only...but...as well 的形式,但but (also)连接的句子必须用正常语序。
(6)Not until...意为“直到……才……”。
Not until 4:00 in the morning could he fall asleep.
直到早晨4点他才睡着。
Not until he returned did we have supper.
直到他回来我们才吃晚饭。
但是:Not until did he return we had supper.(?)
使用特点:
not until 引导的是从句时,从句的主谓不可倒装,只是主句需要倒装。三、其他倒装
单句填空
1.One has reason to believe that China’s anti-corruption over the past few years, tough as/though ???? it is, has achieved inspiring progress.
答案 as/though 句意:一个人有理由相信在过去的几年里中国的反腐 活动取得了令人鼓舞的成就,虽然该活动很艰难。as/though引导让步状 语从句时采用了形式倒装。
2.Try as/though ???? she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.
答案 as/though as/though引导让步状语从句时从句采用倒装语序 (though位于句首时,从句是否倒装均可),即把表语、状语或动词放在句 首,故空格处填as/though。
as和though引导让步状语从句时的倒装
(1)表语的倒装
Tired as/though he was,he still went on with his work.
尽管很累,他还是继续工作。
Strange as/though it seems,it is true.
尽管看上去奇怪,这事却是真的。
Exhausted as/though she was,she wasn’t able to sleep.
尽管已经筋疲力尽,但她还是睡不着觉。
注意:如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语,前置时要省略冠词。
(2)谓语动词的倒装
Try as he might,he didn’t pass the exam.
尽管他可能努力了,但考试还是没有通过。
Search as they would here and there,they could find nothing in the room.
尽管他们到处寻找,但在房间里找不到任何东西。
(3)状语的倒装
Much as he likes the bike,he doesn’t want to buy it.
他虽然很喜欢那辆自行车,但并不想买它。
Hard as I studied,I could not catch up with them.
我虽然努力学习,但赶不上他们。
温馨提示:though引导让步状语从句位于句首时,从句是否倒装均可,而 although引导的让步状语从句不倒装。
考点二 感叹句与祈使句
单句填空
1. What ?? a strange plant! I’ve never seen it before.
答案 What 根据感叹句的句式“What+a/an+形容词+名词+主谓!” 可知空格处填What。
2.(2016课标全国Ⅱ)It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, make ???? (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
答案 make 空前是让步状语从句,且最后一个逗号之后为祈使句,空 格处作谓语,故填动词原形。
3.One of my favorite sayings is,“ Laugh ????(laugh) and the world laughs with you.”
答案 Laugh 句意:我最喜欢的一句谚语是:“欢笑,世界会与你一起 欢笑。”本句采用了“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型,设空处为祈使句,故 用动词原形。
单句改错
4.My dear friends, don’t afraid of problems, but take advantage of them to be the best of ourselves.
??? don’t后加be ?
答案 don’t后加be 句意:我亲爱的朋友们,不要害怕问题,而要充分利 用它们使我们自己成为最佳。“don’t afraid of problems”为祈使句的 否定形式,形容词afraid前需加上系动词be。
(一)感叹句
1.What(+a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!
2.How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
3.How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!
What a clever boy he is!=How clever a boy he is!
多聪明的男孩儿呀!
What beautiful flowers they are!多么美丽的花呀!
What sweet water it is! 多么甜的水呀!
How high the mountain is! 这山真高呀!
How fast he runs!
他跑得真快呀!
4.省略形式的感叹句
(1)how直接修饰谓语动词:How+主语+谓语!
How(much)we love our motherland!
我们多么热爱我们的祖国呀!
(2)省略主语和谓语
How wonderful(it is)!真棒!
5.其他形式的感叹句
How can you be so silly!你怎么这么傻!
The design and the colours!多美的图案和色彩!
To sell such a suit as that to a millionaire!
竟然要把那样一套衣服卖给一个百万富翁!
(二)祈使句
1.祈使句表命令、建议、请求、警告、禁止、劝告等。其常见形式有 三种:
(1)动词原形(+宾语+其他成分)。
Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
Come on, Helen.海伦,加油。
(2)Be+表语。
Be a good boy! 要做一个好男孩子!
(3)Let+宾语+宾补。
Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
但Let’s与Let us表达的意思不同。Let’s have a rest.让我们休息一下吧。(表示号召或建议,其中的“我 们”包括说话者和对方)
Let us have a rest. 您让我们休息一下吧。(表示请求,其中的 “我们” 不包括对方)
2.常见的祈使句否定式有四种:
(1)Don’t或Never+动词原形。
Don’t be so sure.别那么有把握。Never come late.千万别迟到。
Don’t be late for school!上学不要迟到!
(2)Let+宾语+not+动词原形。
Let’s not walk any further.我们别再往前走了。
Let’s not forget it.我们可不能忘了它。
(3)Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形。
Don’t let him go.别让他走。
(4)No+名词或动名词。
No smoking! 禁止吸烟!
3.祈使句的强调式
Do drive slowly. 开车千万要慢些。
Do someone help him quickly.务必有人赶快帮他的忙。
Do everyone sit down.大家务必坐下。
考点三 强调句型
单句填空
1.You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel that ???the coach picks up tourists.
答案 that 句意:你等错地方了。长途客车是在宾馆接游客的。考查 强调句型。被强调部分为at the hotel,故设空处填that。
2.(2017湖北荆门调研)It wasn’t until in high school that ??I began to trust other people again.
答案 that 句意:直到上了高中我才开始再次信任别人。本句考查强 调句型“It is/was+not until+词/短语/从句+that+其他.”。
3.Mr. Mike didn’t understand what ?? it was that made his wife so upset this morning.
答案 what 句意:迈克先生不明白是什么使得他妻子今天早晨如此不 安。本句understand后的宾语从句为强调句型,改为普通句型为:Mr. Mike didn’t understand what made his wife so upset this morning.
单句改错
4. (2017湖南衡阳八中、永州四中一联) It is working in teams instead of on my own which has freed me from trouble and made my work more effi- cient.
?? which→that ??
答案 which→that 句意:是团队合作而不是我自己单打独斗使我克服 了困难并使我的工作效率更高。本句考查强调句型。强调句型为:It is/ was+被强调部分+that+其他.。由此可知将which改为that。
(一)强调句型的基本用法
1.基本结构:It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他.(被强调的对象可以是一个 词、短语,也可以是从句)
It was because of the bad weather that the football match had to be put off. 由于糟糕的天气,足球赛不得不推迟举行。
2.一般疑问句:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that+其他?
Was it on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went
down?
他是在小船沉没一个月后在一个孤岛上获救的吗?
3.特殊疑问句:What/Who/How/When etc.+is/was+it+that+其他?
Who was it that phoned just now?
刚才打电话的究竟是谁?
4.not...until的强调句型:It is/was+not until+词/短语/从句+that+其他.
Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musi- cal gift was fully recognized.巴赫于1750年去世,但直到19世纪早期,他的 音乐天赋才被完全认可。
5.复合句的强调句型:It is/was+主语从句/状语从句+that+其他.
It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.(被强调的是when引导的时间状语从句)当我回到我的公寓的 时候,我第一次遇见了我的新邻居。
6.当强调句型强调人时that和who均可使用,但是对人以外的内容强调时 只能使用 that。
It was David that was late for class yesterday.(被强调的是人,that也可换 为who)是戴维昨天上课迟到了。
7.如对主语进行强调时,that/who之后的谓语动词的数应该与被强调的 部分保持一致。
It is that student who speaks English best in the class.(who之后的谓语 speaks与student保持一致)是那个学生在班上英语说得最好。
(二)强调句型与其他相似句型的区别
1.强调句型与It is/was+时间+when...句型
在“It is/was+时间+when...句型”中,it 指时间,when引导的是时间状语 从句。注意两种句型中“时间”表达方式的不同。试比较:
①It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.
昨天午夜我回到了家里。
②It was midnight when I got back home yesterday.
昨天当我回到家里时,已经是午夜了。
句①是强调句型,被强调的是时间状语at midnight;而句②是一般句型, 时间以名词的方式表达,用来作表语。
2.强调句型与 It is/has been+时间段+since...句型
It is/has been...since...表示“自从……以来已有……(时间)”。两个句型中的时态一般不同。试比较:
①It was two years ago that I began to learn English.
我是在两年前开始学英语的。
②It is/has been two years since I began to learn English.
我学英语两年了。
句①为强调句型,it后的be动词常用一般现在时和一般过去时;而句②表 示“从过去到现在已有多长时间”,it后的be动词用一般现在时或现在 完成时。
3.强调句型与It was/will be+时间段+before...句型
It was/will be+时间段+before...句型可有以下几个句式:
It wasn’t/won’t be long before...不久以后就会……了/用不了多久就会……
It was two years/days before...
过了两年/两天才……
It was not two years/days before...
不到两年/两天就……
It will be two years/days before...还得两年/两天才……
It will not be two years/days before...
用不了两年/两天就会……
试比较:
①It was two years before he came back from abroad.
②It was two years later that he came back from abroad.
句①为一般句型,句②为强调句型。同样表示“他两年以后回的国”。 注意强调句型中时间状语的表达方式。
考点四 省略
单句填空
1.If accepted ??(accept) for the job,you’ll be informed soon.
答案 accepted 句意:如果这个工作你被录取,你将很快被通知。本题 考查状语从句的省略。完整的句子为:If you are accepted for the job,you’ll be informed soon.。
2.Video games can be a poor influence if left ???(leave) in the wrong hands.
答案 left 句意:电子游戏如果落入不对的人的手里就可能有坏的影 响。这里考查了leave作及物动词的用法,可以理解为if(the video games are) left in the wrong hands,主从句的主语相同,省略从句中的主语和be动词。
3.The climate here is quite pleasant,the temperature rarely, if ????ever, reaching 30℃ in summer.
答案 if 句意:这里的气候很宜人,夏天的气温极少达到30摄氏度。本 题考查状语从句的省略。当从句中的主语是it,谓语动词中又含有系动 词 be 时,可以把it和系动词 be一起省略。if ever与rarely连用,意为“极 少”。
单句改错
4.(2017山西重点中学协作体一模)When taken exams, we sometimes cheat in order to get good results to make our parents and teachers pleased.
?? taken→taking ??
答案 taken→taking 句意:当我们参加考试时,为了取得好成绩来使我 们的父母和老师高兴,我们有时会作弊。本题考查省略。将句子补全后 为:When we are taking exams, we sometimes cheat in order to get good re- sults to make our parents and teachers pleased.时间状语从句主语与主句 主语一致,且从句中含有be动词时,可将从句主语和be动词去掉,故将 taken改为taking。
(一)定语从句中的省略现象
限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that,which,whom常可以省略;当先 行词是time(次数),reason,place时,关系词that和why,where也可以省去(详 见“定语从句”和“名词性从句”部分)。
This is the first time(that)I’ve acted on the stage.
这是我第一次登台演出。
(二)状语从句中的省略现象
当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句中含be动词时,可以省略 状语从句中的主语和be动词,这时从句中可出现如下结构:
1.时间状语从句中常见的省略现象
Don’t speak until spoken to.
有人对你说话时你再说。While in Beijing,I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.
在北京时,我参观了颐和园。
As a young man,Abraham Lincoln was a storekeeper and a postmaster.
亚伯拉罕·林肯年轻时当过零售店店主和邮政局长。
He often makes mistakes when speaking English.
说英语时他经常出错。
She always sings while doing her work.
她干活时总是唱歌。
2.条件状语从句中常见的省略现象
Come tomorrow if possible.
如果可能的话,就明天来吧。 If so,you must go back and get it.
如果这样的话,你必须回去把它拿来。
I’ll buy a TV set if necessary.
如有必要,我就买一台电视机。
The girl never gave in unless wrong.
这个女孩不会屈服的,除非她错了。
Unless repaired,the machine is of no use.
如果不被修理,这台机器便毫无用处。
3.方式状语从句中常见的省略现象
Some flowers shut up at night as if(they did this in order)to sleep.
有些花夜间收拢,好像要睡觉一样。She stood at the gate as if(she was)waiting for someone.
她站在门口好像在等人。
The woman teacher left the classroom silently as though(she was)angry.
这位女教师默默地离开教室,好像生气了。
The inspector looked round,as if(he was)in search of something.
这位稽查员四处看了看,好像在寻找什么。
4.其他状语从句中的省略现象
Though cold,he still wore a shirt.
天气虽然冷,但他仍然穿一件衬衫。
Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.
在空白处需要的地方填上冠词。
另外,我们还可以用so或not代替上文内容,此时可有“if+so/not”省略 句式。Get up early tomorrow.If not(=If you don’t get up early),you will miss the
first bus.
明天得早起。如果不早起,你就赶不上首班车。
He may not be at home then.If so(=If he is not at home),leave him a note.
那时他可能不在家。如果他不在家的话,给他留个便条。技巧点拨
针对特殊句式的试题,在答题中需要分别对待。涉及倒装的试题, 注意题干是符合全部倒装的条件,还是符合部分倒装的条件,然后再结 合倒装的具体形式(有时还需要结合时态、主谓一致等知识)推测答 案。针对感叹句的试题,结合感叹句的相关句式即可确定正确答案。而 祈使句最明显的特征在于谓语动词是动词原形,这也是确定正确答案的 重要依据。强调句型考查的重点是that的判断,只要依据强调句型的结 构特点判断出题干属于强调句型,那么就能得出答案。针对省略方面的 试题,需要结合省略的条件确定省略的内容,然后再依据其他相关知识 对题干进一步分析判断。请认真完成作业专题十 特殊句式(倒装、强调和省略等)
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单句填空
1. (observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.?21教育网
2.Only after talking to two students I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.?
3. (make) what you’re doing today important,because you’re trading a day of your life for it.?
4.Not until he went through real hardship he realize the love we have for our families is important.?
5.“Never for a second,”the boy says,“ I doubt that my father would come to my rescue.”?
6.Every day (read) a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.?
7.(2017湖北荆州中学四次质检)Only then we realize there was an earthquake. I was too frightened to move.?
8.(2017江苏南通全真模拟VI)It is required that under no circumstances we betray ourselves even if there are temptations like money or beauty.?
9.So sudden (be)the rain that people in the street all rushed in all directions to find a shelter.?
10.Absurd it might sound,everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa.?
11.A child, if actively (engage) in classroom activities, can be taught many things.?
12.—Was Bill, who played basketball very well, helped the blind man cross the road??
—Yes, of course. He is always ready to help others.21教育名师原创作品
13.It is how you handle each challenge counts.?
14.—I am learning the piano. How can I learn it well?
— (mind)the traditional first before trying the modern.?
15.The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city and there (stand) many stone sculptures of famous historical figures. ?
16. a pity that you couldn’t be there to receive the prize!?
17.It was not until Mum agreed to buy him a computer, which was his favorite, the boy promised to study hard.?
18.Not only the nurses want a pay increase, but also they want reduced hours as well.?
19.No sooner Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.?
20.Only when he apologizes for his rudeness I speak to him again.?【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
21.Children,when (accompany)by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.?
22.This is not my story;nor (be) it the whole story; my story plays out differently.?
23.Never before she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.?
24.It is the farm to which we are going to pay a visit provides large quantities of green vegetables for the nearby town every year.?
25. (call) me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result. ?
26.For a moment nothing happened; then (come) voices all shouting together.?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.It was him who showed me how to smile through the rough times.
2.Please do me a favor—informing Mr. Smith of the date and place of our English speech contest.
3.Was it in 2015 when he was still at middle school where this boy became an expert at the computer?
4.I wonder if your wife will go to the ball. If your wife does;so does mine.
5.When comparing with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
6.Not until he left his home did he begin to know what important the family was to him.
7.Hardly I arrived when I had a few problems to deal with.
8.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village which the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.
9.Looking at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.
10.As we all know, every minute when making full use of to study our lessons will do good to us students.
11.So suddenly he catch the disease that the whole family were at a great loss.2-1-c-n-j-y
12.Strange although it might sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
13.There came the rest of our guests!
14.Not only he known for his action in the playing field, but he is also famous for the things that he does off the playing field.21·cn·jy·com
15.It was not because his pay was not good but just because of what he said he was fired.
16.Never before had this city been in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.
17.If asked to look after luggage for someone else, informing the police at once.www.21-cn-jy.com
18.Observe carefully if any change occurs when done experiments in the lab.www-2-1-cnjy-com
19.Only when the manager comes does it be possible to sign the contract.
20.When asked to explain what this was that he did to make his students so fascinated by his lessons, the teacher paused and thought deeply.
答案精解精析
Ⅰ.1.Observe 句意:在实验室做实验时要仔细观察是否发生了什么变化。本题考查祈使句。if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab为从句,设空处应为动词原形构成祈使句,故填Observe。
2.did 句意:直到跟两个学生谈过之后,我才意识到有强烈的动机是达成目标最重要的因素之一。“only+状语”放在句首,后面句子需用部分倒装形式。根据语境可知设空处应该用一般过去时,故答案为did。
3.Make 句意:让你今天做的事情有意义,因为你正拿你生命中的一天来换取它。本题考查特殊句式。根据句意可知前半句为祈使句,用来给别人提建议,故填动词原形Make。21cnjy.com
4.did 句意:直到经历了真正的困难,他才意识到我们对家人的爱是多么重要。“Not until...”置于句首,主句需要部分倒装,故用助动词did来构成部分倒装结构。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
5.did 句意:那个男孩说:“我一秒钟都没有怀疑过我父亲会来救我。”表示否定意义的词never位于句首时,后面的句子要用部分倒装,再根据would come可知,这里说的是过去的事情,故用did。
6.read 句意:每天大声朗读一条谚语,朗读几遍直到你记住为止。考查祈使句。
7.did 句意:只有在那时我们才意识到地震发生了。我太害怕了以至于一动不动。 “Only+状语”位于句首,后面的句子需要部分倒装。这里说的是过去的事情,需用一般过去时,故填did。【出处：21教育名师】
8.should 句意:要求我们在任何情况下都不能背叛自己,即使有像金钱或美色这样的诱惑。在It is required后的that从句中,其谓语动词要用should+动词原形。under no circumstances置于从句句首,故从句需部分倒装,故设空处填should。21*cnjy*com
9.was 句意:大雨来得如此突然以至于大街上的人们为了找到避雨处向四面八方冲去。本句为倒装句式,其主句主语为the rain,又根据从句中的谓语动词rushed可判断设空处应为一般过去时,故答案为was。
10.as/though 句意:虽然那听起来可能很荒诞,但是在场的每个人都被他在非洲的历险故事逗笑了。“形容词+as/though+主语+谓语”相当于although/though引导的让步状语从句。【版权所有：21教育】
11.engaged 句意:如果一个孩子能积极参加课堂活动,他能学会许多东西。本句考查省略句。将本句补全后为:If a child is actively engaged in classroom activities, he can be taught many things.。
12.it;that 句意:——比尔篮球打得非常好。是他帮助那个盲人过马路的吗?——是的,当然是。他总是乐意帮助别人。问句为强调句的一般疑问句形式,即Is/Was it+被强调部分+that+其他?。
13.that 句意:你怎样处理每一个挑战很重要。本题考查强调句型(It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他.)。本句中被强调部分为how you handle each challenge,故填that。21*cnjy*com
14.Mind 句意:——我在学习钢琴。我如何才能学好它呢? ——在试图学习现代的之前先注意传统的。本句为祈使句,故设空处填mind且首字母要大写。
15.stand 句意:大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点,许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那儿。此处为副词there位于分句句首,应用全部倒装形式,结合语境可知,空格处应用一般现在时。故空格处填stand。
16.What 句意:你不能到那里领奖,真遗憾!该句为感叹句,结合感叹句的句式特点可知,空格处填What。
17.that 句意:直到妈妈同意给他买一台他最喜欢的电脑,那个男孩才答应努力学习。该句整体上是强调句型,对“not until...”进行强调,由此结合强调句型的特点可知,空格处填that。
18.do 句意:护士们不仅要求涨工资而且也要求减少劳动时间。not only...but also...用于连接句子,且not only位于句首时,not only之后的句子需要使用部分倒装形式,结合语境可知,此处应用一般现在时态,故空格处填do。
19.had 句意:莫言刚一上台,观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。“No sooner+had+主语+done+than+其他”属于部分倒装的常用句式,意为“一……就……”,故空格处填had。
20.will 句意:只有他为他的粗鲁行为道歉时,我才会再跟他讲话。“only+介词短语/副词/状语从句”位于句首时,句子应用部分倒装形式,结合语境可知,主句应用一般将来时态,故空格处填will。
21.accompanied 句意:孩子在父母的陪同下才被允许进入体育场。根据状语从句的省略特点可知,when之后省略了they are,故空格处填过去分词accompanied。
22.is 否定词nor位于句首时,句子用部分倒装形式;根据语境,并结合空格处前后的时态可知,空格处应用一般现在时态,故空格处填is。
23.has 句意:她之前从未见有人打网球能像罗伯特一样好。否定词never放在句首时,句子用部分倒装结构;根据空前的before和语境可知,此处应用现在完成时态,故空格处填has。21·世纪*教育网
24.that 句意:这就是我们将要参观的农场,农场每年为附近的城镇提供大量的绿色蔬菜。该句整体上属于强调句型,结合强调句型的结构特点可知,空格处填that。
25.Call 句意:明天给我打电话,我会告诉你实验的结果。此处为祈使句的常用句式“祈使句+and+陈述句”,故空格处填动词原形。
26.came 分号之后属于then位于句首的全部倒装形式,结合语境可知,空格处应用一般过去时态,故空格处填came。
Ⅱ.1.him→he 本句考查强调句型。被强调部分为句子主语,故将him改为he。
2.informing→inform 破折号后为祈使句,故informing应改为动词原形。
3.where→that 该句为强调句型的一般疑问句,被强调的部分是介词短语,而when引导的是定语从句,结合强调句型的结构特点可知,where应该改为that。2·1·c·n·j·y
4.第二个does→will 分号之后是倒装的常用句式“so+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”,结合主将从现的原则可知,does应改为will。
5.comparing→compared 根据状语从句的省略条件可知,When之后省略了it is,而compare与主语是被动关系,故comparing改为过去分词。
6.what→how know之后接的是宾语从句,结合感叹句的句式“how+形容词/副词+主谓”可知,what应改为how。
7.Hardly∧→had “Hardly+had+主语+过去分词+when+其他”为常用句式,意为“刚……就……”,故Hardly之后添加had。21世纪教育网版权所有
8.which→that 该句为强调句型,被强调的对象是“from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village”,其中that引导的是定语从句,结合强调句型的结构可知,which应改为that。
9.Looking→Look and前后是并列关系,and之前是祈使句,故Looking改为动词原形。
10.making→made when之后省略了it is,make与主语之间是被动关系,故making应改为过去分词made。
11.suddenly∧→did so...that...引导的结果状语从句的倒装形式为“So+形容词/副词+部分倒装+that+其他”,结合题干的时态可知,suddenly之后应该添加助动词did。
12.although→as/though as和though引导让步状语从句时,从句使用倒装形式,即把表语、状语或动词原形提到主语之前(though引导的从句也可使用正常语序),而although引导的让步状语从句不用倒装语序,故although改为as/though。
13.came→come there位于句首,且主语不是人称代词时,句子应用全倒装形式,结合语境可知,该句应用一般现在时态,故came改为come。
14.only∧→is “not only...but(also)...”用于连接句子,且not only位于句首时,not only之后的句子应用部分倒装语序,结合短语“be known for”和语境可知,only之后需要添加is。
15.said∧→that 该句整体上为强调句型,对“not because his pay was not good but just because of what he said”进行强调,故said之后应该添加that。
16.had→has 否定词never位于句首时,句子应用部分倒装形式,结合before和语境可知,该句应用现在完成时态,故had改为has。
17.informing→inform 句意:如果被要求为他人照看包裹,请立即报警。逗号前是条件状语从句,而逗号之后是祈使句,故informing应改为动词原形inform。
18.done→doing 根据状语从句的省略条件可知,when之后省略了you are,故done改为doing。
19.does→will “only+介词/副词/状语从句”位于句首时,句子使用部分倒装形式,结合语境可知,主句应用一般将来时态,故does改为will。
20.this→it explain所接的宾语从句是强调句型的特殊疑问句,结合强调句型的特点可知,this应改为it。
专题十 特殊句式(倒装、强调和省略等)
教师备用
单句填空
1.It’s nice and never before I had such a special drink!?21世纪教育网版权所有
答案 have 否定副词never放在句首,句子要部分倒装;根据语境可知,说话人以前从未喝过这样特别的饮料,故用现在完成时。21cnjy.com
2.So much of interest Beijing offer that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.?
答案 does 句意:北京旅游景点如此多,以至于游客根本没有时间能够游玩完所有的地方。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”。so+adj./adv.位于句首时,主句应用部分倒装。21教育网
专题十 特殊句式(倒装、强调和省略等)
综合演练
Ⅰ.语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nowadays,it is common that more and more high school students open their own microblogs on the Internet.For one thing,it can provide a colorful platform to show their talent.For 1 ,it is a useful way to release their pressure.And all these make it more and more popular with high school students. 2 many parents and teachers hold a different view.They think that managing one’s microblog will take a lot of time and energy, 3 should be used to studies.?21世纪教育网版权所有
In my view,I am greatly in favor 4 this activity.Today the Internet is playing 5 important and essential role in our life.Therefore as high school students of the Information Age,we need to learn to make use of this 6 (value)tool to communicate and display ourselves.What’s more,opening and organizing microblogs need various abilities such 7 writing,designing,being skilled at computers and so on.Only if we master those abilities can we make a successful microblog.As a result,we improve ourselves while 8 (organize)our microblogs.?21·cn·jy·com
In fact,the microblog 9 (oneself)is of little harm.It is your attitude towards it 10 matters.We should take the advantages and avoid some bad effects.?www-2-1-cnjy-com
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2017江西南昌高三下学期第一次模拟考试)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。21*cnjy*com
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Of all the books I have read,Three Days to See wrote by Helen Keller is my favorite.
Three Days to See is her autobiography in which she describes at the length her life. Helen lost her eyesight or hearing ability at a very young age. Fortunately, she meets her teacher, with the help by whom Helen achieved a lot. Not only she graduate from Harvard University but she also set up some charity agency.
Undoubted, it is from Helen’s story that I come to realize that no matter what hard life is, we can never give up our hopes. I should spare no effort to make the most of our potentials and make our dreams realize.
答案精解精析
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文讨论了在中学生中流行的在网上开微博这一现象并对其做出了评论。
1.another 考查固定短语。for one thing...for another...为固定结构。21教育网
2.But 上文提到的是中学生在网上开微博的好处,设空处后面的内容提到了很多家长和老师对此持有不同的意见,前后为转折关系,设空处后面无逗号,故应该使用表示转折关系的并列连词But。
3.which 本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为a lot of time and energy,关系词在从句中作主语,故应该使用which。21cnjy.com
4.of in favor of 为固定搭配,表示“支持……”。
5.an play a role in为固定搭配,表示“在……中扮演角色”,又因为important以元音音素开头,故其前的不定冠词应该用an。2·1·c·n·j·y
6.valuable 根据句意可知,此处需要形容词修饰tool,表示“有价值的”,应该用value的形容词形式valuable。
7.as 根据句意,此处列举了开微博和管理微博所需要的各种能力,因此应填as构成such as的结构。
8.organizing 此处while后面省略了organize的主语we以及be动词are,完整的句子结构为while we are organizing our microblogs。www.21-cn-jy.com
9.itself 根据句意,此处的反身代词指的是the microblog,故应该用itself。
10.that 此处为强调句,强调的是主语your attitude towards it,去掉it is 和that之后句子仍然成立。
Ⅱ.第一段
1.第一句:wrote→written 考查非谓语动词。Three Days to See之后为非谓语动词短语作后置定语,且两者之间是被动关系,动作已完成,故wrote改为过去分词written。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
第二段
2.第一句:删除the 考查冠词。at length为常用短语,意为“详细地;最后”。
3.第二句:or→and 考查并列连词。eyesight与hearing ability是并列关系,结合语境可知,or应改为and。
4.第三句:meets→met 考查动词时态。谓语是过去发生的动作,故用一般过去时态,meets应改为met。
5.第三句:by→of 考查介词。with the help of sb.为常用短语,相当于with one’s help,意为“在某人的帮助下”。21·世纪*教育网
6.第四句:only后加did 考查倒装。not only位于句首,且not only后接句子时,该句应用部分倒装形式,而该句为一般过去时态,故在only后添加助动词did。2-1-c-n-j-y
7.第四句:agency→agencies 考查名词。根据修饰语some可知,可数名词agency应用复数形式。
第三段
8.第一句:Undoubted→Undoubtedly 考查副词。此处应用副词作状语,故Undoubted改为Undoubtedly。
9.第一句:what→how 考查状语从句。根据感叹句的句式“how+形容词/副词+主谓”可知,what应改为how。
10.第二句:I→We 考查代词。结合上句话中的代词和句中的our可知,I应改为We。
