人教版英语高二（选修8）Unit 3 Inventors and inventions同步单元检测（含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版英语高二（选修8）Unit 3 Inventors and inventions同步单元检测（含解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2018-05-24 10:27:48 | ||
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Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
单元检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
British shoppers buy 2.15 million tonnes of clothing and shoes annually, yet UK citizens have an estimated ￡30 billion worth of unused clothing gathering dust at the back of the wardrobe(衣柜). But new technology could see the end of that, with the garments themselves giving owners a gentle reminder of their existence.21世纪教育网版权所有
"Smart clothes" could help us clear out our wardrobes by sending messages or tweeting us if they haven’t been worn for a good while. If these alerts are ignored, the garments will get in touch with a clothing charity and ask to be reused, with an organization automatically sending out donation information. They could also be programmed to put themselves up for auction(拍卖) on eBay.www.21-cn-jy.com
Academics at Birmingham City University are developing the "connected wardrobe" to encourage more suitable clothes consumption. The concept sees garments tagged(给……加标签) using washable contactless technology.21*cnjy*com
Mark Brill, senior lecturer at Birmingham City University, said, "Think of the surprise when an owner suddenly receives bids for items that they didn’t know were in their wardrobe." "The connected wardrobe is a practical, pleasant concept to encourage people to think about their clothing consumption. Finally, I hope it will encourage more appropriate fashion consumption," he added. "Perhaps we can even move away from the idea of ‘ownership’ of clothing. When we’ve worn them enough, the items will pass themselves on to their next keeper."
It follows in the footsteps of the "Internet of Things" — a concept that sees ordinary household items connecting to the Internet in order to share information. From adjusting your alarm clock to monitoring the temperature of your home, the Internet is changing the way we live. Now, the "Internet of Clothes" will see that neglected garments will tweet and text the owners "asking" to be worn depending on the weather and frequency of wear. Clothes will keep track of other information such as who owned them previously, as well as how much they originally cost, who made them and how much the worker was paid for them.
1. What does the author say about "smart clothes"?
A. They may be donated on eBay.
B. They have gained in popularity.
C. They give warnings if worn out.
D. They may be recycled if long forgotten.
2. How does Mark Brill find the "connected wardrobe"?www-2-1-cnjy-com
A. It helps people buy cheaper clothes.
B. It contributes to right consumption attitudes.2-1-c-n-j-y
C. It changes people’s shopping habits.
D. It improves people’s consumer confidence.
3. What is indicated in the last paragraph?
A. Clothes can be a source of information.
B. Weather affects the connected wardrobe.
C. Clothes are sold online at a low price.
D. The Internet is a platform to share items.
4. What’s the author’s attitude to the new technology?
A. Critical.
B. Uninterested.
C. Approving.
D. Skeptical.
B
In an effort to fight plastic pollution, Indian company EnviGreen has made a new material that looks like plastic, but is 100% organic and can be eaten.
EnviGreen founder Ashwath Hedge got this idea after seeing people struggling to find alternatives to plastic bags. So he decided to work on something that would solve this problem while being environment-friendly.
Hedge spent four years experimenting with various materials, and one day he discovered a combination of 12 ingredients, including potato, tapioca, corn, vegetable oil and bananas, which looked and felt like plastic, but caused none of the environmental problems. The process is obviously a closely-guarded secret, but Hedge did reveal that the raw materials are first changed into liquid form, and then taken through a six-stage process to create the bags.
The cost of an EnviGreen bag is about 35% higher than that of a plastic bag, but the benefits of using the former are more than worth the extra cost. EnviGreen bags dissolve(分解)naturally in less than 180 days, and if placed in water at room temperature, they dissolve in less than a day. Placed in boiling water, they dissolve in about 15 seconds.【出处：21教育名师】
EnviGreen has set up a factory in Bangalore, where it produces around 1,000 tonnes of eco-friendly "plastic" bags a month. That’s not very much, considering that the city of Bangalore alone consumes over 30,000 tonnes of plastic bags every month, but Hedge claims that he wants to set up enough production facilities before they start distributing bags to individual customers and shop owners. They have, however, started supplying the bags to corporate retail(零售) chains like Metro and Reliance. Apart from protecting the environment, Ashwath Hedge also plans to use EnviGreen bags to support local farmers. "We had this unique idea of empowering farmers in rural Karnataka by sourcing all our raw materials from them," he said. "We are also planning to distribute seeds to help them produce the amount of materials required to make the bags."
Nowadays, over 15,000 tonnes of plastic waste is generated in India every day, only 9,000 of which is collected and processed. Inventions like an EnviGreen bag can help solve this problem, so let’s hope it lives up to its potential.
5. What is the benefit of EnviGreen bags?
A. Improving the production of crops.
B. Promoting the retail industry’s boom.
C. Costing much less than common bags.
D. Doing no damage to the environment.
6. What can we learn about the making of EnviGreen bags?21教育名师原创作品
A. The six-stage process turns liquids into solids.
B. The materials are kept hidden from outsiders.
C. The process needs workers’ close observation.
D. The materials are steamed initially to kill bacteria.21教育网
7. What does the underlined part in the last paragraph indicate?
A. The bags need to be improved.
B. The bags are expected to fully play their role.
C. The bags’ effect has been overstated.
D. The bags can’t clear plastic waste thoroughly.
Ⅱ.完形填空
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Pooja Dhingra should have been a lawyer. But while studying? 1 at university in Mumbai, she decided that she wanted to? 2 her major and to do something more? 3 .
Remembering helping her mother in the? 4 during her childhood, she decided to work with food instead of legal cases. So she? 5 her parents to let her go to Paris to study cooking.
One day, her friends took her to one of the best macaron(法式小圆饼)? 6 in Paris. After just one? 7 , Ms Dhingra decided there and then that when she? 8 to Mumbai she would open her own macaron store, the first of its kind in India.21·世纪*教育网
Coming back to Mumbai upon? 9 , she started making macarons in her parents' kitchen, but it was a complete? 10 . The hot and wet weather in Mumbai makes it? 11 to make the delicious cakes. It took her around six months of research and 60 failed attempts to finally get a(n)? 12 recipe(配方).
Yet being both young and female meant she faced additional? 13 . "The biggest problem was to get people to take you? 14 , "she says. "For example,? 15 I had to buy machinery would have to ask my father to make these calls for me. "
However, she eventually opened her first shop in 2010. To? 16 sales in a city where very few people knew what a macaron was, Ms Dhingra? 17 free samples to customers. The cakes were immediately popular, and sales soon took off? 18 positive word of mouth. Ms Dhingra also started running classes on how to make macarons and other cakes,? 19 gave the business a further growing boost(促进).
Now, although Ms Dhingra is the owner of three busy macaron shops in Mumbai, she still works hard to? 20 her business. Another three stores will open in the city this year. One newspaper article called her "the macaron queen of India".
1. A. literature B. art C. law D. medicine
2. A. quit B. choose C. consider D. evaluate
3. A. attractive B. creative C. positive D. active
4. A. basement B. study C. kitchen D. bedroom
5. A. warned B. reminded C. begged D. convinced
6. A. shops B. factories C. workshops D. gardens
7. A. drink B. effort C. breath D. bite
8. A. replied B. attended C. returned D. walked
9. A. graduation B. invitation C. invention D. intention
10. A. comfort B. honor C. failure D. success
11. A. unusual B. difficult C. reasonable D. available
12. A. ideal B. vital C. colorful D. ordinary
13. A. praises B. sacrifices C. tasks D. challenges
14. A. slightly B. seriously C. peacefully D. pleasantly
15. A. if B. after C. though D. unless
16. A. check B. promote C. ban D. examine
17. A. put away B. smoothed away C. cleared away D. gave away
18. A. according to B. next to C. thanks to D. instead of
19. A. which B. where C. that D. who
20. A. preserve B. inspect C. acquire D. expand
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some very interesting technologies are being developed at the moment. The first is a jacket created? 1 the Electric Wear company. The smart jacket has been developed this year. It? 2 (include) a built-in mobile phone and an MP4 player.
The? 3 (two) is a power-free fridge. It? 4 (invent) by a farmer from France. To keep fruit and vegetables fresh for three weeks, only two clay? 5 (pot) and some wet sand are used.
Scientists say that studies of natural plastic have been completed and that? 6 (vary) plastic materials will be produced? 7 (immediate). The natural plastic will be made from beans, thus? 8 (mean) less rubbish.
Last but not least, it has been announced that? 9 new kind of washing machine has been developed. Clothes are cleaned without liquid soap or washing powder. It is believed? 10 the new products will sell well in the future.
Ⅳ. 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I like travelling and my dream of visit Beijing, the capital city of our country, come true during the National Day holidays this year. In October 1st, I went to Tian’anmen Square with my parents, there we watched flag-raising ceremony. As I watched flag rising slowly, I sang the national anthem, feeling extremely exciting. Then we went to some other famous tourist attraction, like the Great Wall. Standing on the Great Wall, I felt very proudly. I thought of the old saying that “One who fail to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.” Although I was tired, but I really had a good time.21cnjy.com
Ⅴ. 书面表达
假定你是李华。最近你从东京奥运会官网上得知，东京奥组委在世界范围内招募志愿者。你有意申请，请根据写作要点，用英文写一封应征邮件。
1. 表达应征的意愿；
2.陈述应征的目的；
3.陈述自身的条件。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
参考词汇：the Tokyo 2020 Olympics 2020年东京奥运会
Dear Sir/Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了新型的"智能衣服"、"智能衣柜",而这一科技发明可以帮助人们更好地管理自己的衣服,树立正确的消费观念。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
2. B【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"the ‘connected wardrobe’ to encourage more suitable clothes consumption"及第四段中的"The connected wardrobe is a practical, pleasant concept to encourage people to think about their clothing consumption. Finally, I hope it will encourage more appropriate fashion consumption"可知,Mark Brill认为"智能衣柜"有助于鼓励人们树立正确的消费观。故选B。21*cnjy*com
3. A【解析】考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Clothes will keep track of other information such as who owned them previously, as well as how much they originally cost..."可知,衣服可以成为信息的来源。故选A。
4. C【解析】考查作者态度。纵观全文可知,作者在文中介绍了一项新的科技发明——新型的"智能衣服"、" 智能衣柜",重点讲述了该科技发明对人们有什么好处,由此可推知,作者对这种新科技是持赞成的态度 的。故选C。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。人们正努力寻找解决白色污染问题的方法。EnviGreen公司发明了一种非常环保的袋子。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
5. D【解析】考查细节理解。从第一段的"Indian company EnviGreen has made a new material that looks like plastic, but is 100% organic and can be eaten",第二段的"...while being environment-friendly"以及第四段中 的"EnviGreen bags dissolve(分解)naturally in less than 180 days...dissolve in about 15 seconds"可 知,EnviGreen公司用新材料做成的袋子能够自己分解,还可以食用,对环境无害,非常环保。故选D项。
6. A【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"but Hedge did reveal that the raw materials are first changed into liquid form, and then taken through a six-stage process to create the bags"可知,原材料首先变成液态,然后通 过一个有六个步骤的生产程序变成袋子,即变成了固态。故选A项。
7. B【解析】考查句意理解。根据最后一段的"Inventions like an EnviGreen bag can help solve this problem, so let’s hope it lives up to its potential"可知,作者认为像EnviGreen公司的袋子的发明有助于解决 印度的白色污染问题,故画线部分的意思应是这种新型的袋子被期待着能充分发挥作用。故选B项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Dhingra女士放弃律师的学业，开食品店的故事。
1. C 考查名词辨析。根据上文Pooja Dhingra should have been a lawyer.可知，Dhingra本应该成为一名律 师的，因此推断她学习法律。A. literature 文学；B.art艺术；C. law 法律；D. medicine药，故选C。
2. A 考查动词辨析。根据下文可知，她想放弃学法律，去做更有吸引力的事情。A. quit放弃；B. choose 选择；C. consider考虑；D. evaluate评价。故选A。
3. A 考查形容词辨析。根据下文After just one_________, Ms Dhingra decided there and then that when she__________to Mumbai she would open her own macaron store, the first of its kind in India.可知，她 选择做甜点，是因为小甜点对她有吸引力。因此推断此处讲得是她想放弃律师，去做更有对自己 更有吸引力的事情。A. attractive有吸引力的；B. creative创造性的；C. positive乐观的；D. active 积极的。故选A。
7. D 考查名词辨析。饼干应是咬一口。A. drink喝；B. effort努力；C. breath吸；D. bite咬。故选D
8. C 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，只是咬了一口饼干，Dhingra就当场决定回去以后她也要开自己的 饼干店。A. replied回复；B. attend参加；C.return返回；D.walk走。故选C。
9. A 考查名词辨析。根据上文提到的study cooking 可推断，一毕业，她就回到Mumbai ，开始在她父 母的厨房里做法式小圆饼。A. graduation毕业；B. invitation邀请；C. invention发明；D. intention 目的。故选A。
10. C 考查动词辨析。根据下文The hot and wet weather in Mumbai makes it_______to make the delicious cakes.可知，因为天气又热又湿，她的小圆饼制作完全失败了。A. comfort舒适；B. honor荣誉； C. failure失败； D. success成功。故选C。
11. A 考查形容词辨析。潮湿闷热的天气使得做饼变的非常困难。A. unusual不寻常的；B. difficult困难 的；C. reasonable合情合理的；D. available可得到的。故选B。
12. A 考查形容词辨析。根据上文60 failed attempts 可知，60次失败的尝试之后才得到一个理想的配方。 A. ideal理想的；?? B. vital重要的；C. colorful多彩的；D. ordinary普通的。故选A。
13. D 考查名词辨析。根据下文提到的buy machinery would have to ask my father to make these calls for me 可知，作为年轻的女子意味着她要面对额外的挑战。A. praises表扬；B. sacrifices奉献；C. tasks 任务；D. challenges挑战；困难。故选D。【版权所有：21教育】
16. B 考查动词。根据上文she eventually opened her first shop可知，她最终开办了自己的第一家店，为了 在这个没有几个人知道小圆饼是什么的城市里促销，Dhingra分发免费的样品给顾客。A. check检 查；B. promote促销；提升；C. ban禁止；D. examine检查。promote sales“提高销量”，故选B。
17. D 考查动词短语辨析。解析同上。为了在这个没有几个人知道小圆饼是什么的城市里促销，Dhingra 分发免费的样品给顾客。A. put away收拾；B. smoothed away消除；C. cleared away清扫；D. gave away分发，故?选D。
18. C 考查介词短语辨析。这些甜点立即受到欢迎，销量由于正面口碑宣传而开始迅速增长。A. according to根据；B. next to紧挨着；C. thanks to由于；幸亏；D. instead of代替。故选C。
19. A 考查定语从句。根据语境可知，Dhingra 女士开始开办如何制作小圆饼和其他甜点的培训班，这进 一步促进了商业发展。which引导定语从句，修饰这个主句，翻译为“这；这一点”。故选A。
20. D 考查动词辨析。根据下文Another three stores will open in the city this year.可推断，尽管如今Dhingra 是三家店的主人，但是她仍旧努力扩大她的商业范围。A. preserve保留；B. inspect视察；C. acquire 获得； D. expand扩大。故选D。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
【语篇解读】本文主语介绍了一些有趣的科技发明：智能夹克衫，不用电的冰箱，天然塑料以及不用肥皂或者洗衣液的洗衣机。
1. by 考查介词。句意：第一个就是被Electric Wear设计创造的一件夹克。by“被”。故填by。
2. includes 考查动词。include是谓语动词，与主语It是主动关系，根据语境可知，讲述现在发生的事情， 用一般现在时，且主语是第三人称单数。故填includes。2·1·c·n·j·y
3. second 考查数词。句意：第二个是无需用电的冰箱。由上文提到的“The first”可推断，此处用序数词。 故填second。
4. was invented 考查动词。句意：他是被一位来自法国的农民发明的。invent是谓语动词，与主语It是被 动关系，根据语境可知，句子描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数。 故填was invented。
8. meaning 考查非谓语动词。句子谓语动词是will be made from，故mean用非谓语动词形式，“thus ____(mean) less rubbish”作结果状语，根据语境可知，此处表示理所应当的结果用现在分词形 式。故填meaning。
9. a 考查冠词。由谓语动词has been developed是单数可推断主语是单数，根据语境此处表示泛指一种 新洗衣机，kind是可数名词。故填a。
10. that 考查主语从句。句意：据认为这种新产品为了会销路很好。it是形式主语，代替真正的主语从句 “______the new products will sell well in the future”，从句成分齐全，句意完整，that引导主语从句， 仅起引导作用，无词义，不做成分。故填that。
Ⅳ. 短文改错
I like travelling and my dream of ?Beijing, the capital city of our country, ?true during the National Day holidays this year. ?October 1st, I went to Tian’anmen Square with my parents, ?we watched flag-raising ceremony. As I watched flag rising slowly, I sang the national anthem, feeling extremely . Then we went to some other famous tourist , like the Great Wall. Standing on the Great Wall, I felt very . I thought of the old saying that “One who ?to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.” Although I was tired, ?I really had a good time.
第一处：dream of后面接动名词。故visit改为visiting。
第二处：根据下文可知，这篇文章介绍作者国庆节去北京的事情，用一般过去时。故come 改为came
第三处：在具体某一天用介词on。故In改为On。
第四处：使用定语从句，先行词是Tian’anmen Square，定语从句中缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句。故there改为where。21·cn·jy·com
第五处：这里特指“升旗仪式”用定冠词the。故flag前面加上the。
Ⅴ. 书面表达
Dear Sir / Madam,
I'm Li Hua, a high school student from China. Knowing that volunteers are in need for the coming Tokyo Olympics, I'm writing to apply for the position as a volunteer.
I really want to get this precious opportunity. As far as I'm concerned, it can help me gain valuable experience and build up confidence. What's more, volunteering can also make my life enjoyable and meaningful.
Being an out-going student, I am in good terms with my classmates. Besides, I have such a good knowledge of Spanish and English that I believe I am qualified with the position. Having been volunteers several times, I have accumulated rich experience. I would be appreciated if you could take my application into consideration and offer me an opportunity.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
单元检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
British shoppers buy 2.15 million tonnes of clothing and shoes annually, yet UK citizens have an estimated ￡30 billion worth of unused clothing gathering dust at the back of the wardrobe(衣柜). But new technology could see the end of that, with the garments themselves giving owners a gentle reminder of their existence.21世纪教育网版权所有
"Smart clothes" could help us clear out our wardrobes by sending messages or tweeting us if they haven’t been worn for a good while. If these alerts are ignored, the garments will get in touch with a clothing charity and ask to be reused, with an organization automatically sending out donation information. They could also be programmed to put themselves up for auction(拍卖) on eBay.www.21-cn-jy.com
Academics at Birmingham City University are developing the "connected wardrobe" to encourage more suitable clothes consumption. The concept sees garments tagged(给……加标签) using washable contactless technology.21*cnjy*com
Mark Brill, senior lecturer at Birmingham City University, said, "Think of the surprise when an owner suddenly receives bids for items that they didn’t know were in their wardrobe." "The connected wardrobe is a practical, pleasant concept to encourage people to think about their clothing consumption. Finally, I hope it will encourage more appropriate fashion consumption," he added. "Perhaps we can even move away from the idea of ‘ownership’ of clothing. When we’ve worn them enough, the items will pass themselves on to their next keeper."
It follows in the footsteps of the "Internet of Things" — a concept that sees ordinary household items connecting to the Internet in order to share information. From adjusting your alarm clock to monitoring the temperature of your home, the Internet is changing the way we live. Now, the "Internet of Clothes" will see that neglected garments will tweet and text the owners "asking" to be worn depending on the weather and frequency of wear. Clothes will keep track of other information such as who owned them previously, as well as how much they originally cost, who made them and how much the worker was paid for them.
1. What does the author say about "smart clothes"?
A. They may be donated on eBay.
B. They have gained in popularity.
C. They give warnings if worn out.
D. They may be recycled if long forgotten.
2. How does Mark Brill find the "connected wardrobe"?www-2-1-cnjy-com
A. It helps people buy cheaper clothes.
B. It contributes to right consumption attitudes.2-1-c-n-j-y
C. It changes people’s shopping habits.
D. It improves people’s consumer confidence.
3. What is indicated in the last paragraph?
A. Clothes can be a source of information.
B. Weather affects the connected wardrobe.
C. Clothes are sold online at a low price.
D. The Internet is a platform to share items.
4. What’s the author’s attitude to the new technology?
A. Critical.
B. Uninterested.
C. Approving.
D. Skeptical.
B
In an effort to fight plastic pollution, Indian company EnviGreen has made a new material that looks like plastic, but is 100% organic and can be eaten.
EnviGreen founder Ashwath Hedge got this idea after seeing people struggling to find alternatives to plastic bags. So he decided to work on something that would solve this problem while being environment-friendly.
Hedge spent four years experimenting with various materials, and one day he discovered a combination of 12 ingredients, including potato, tapioca, corn, vegetable oil and bananas, which looked and felt like plastic, but caused none of the environmental problems. The process is obviously a closely-guarded secret, but Hedge did reveal that the raw materials are first changed into liquid form, and then taken through a six-stage process to create the bags.
The cost of an EnviGreen bag is about 35% higher than that of a plastic bag, but the benefits of using the former are more than worth the extra cost. EnviGreen bags dissolve(分解)naturally in less than 180 days, and if placed in water at room temperature, they dissolve in less than a day. Placed in boiling water, they dissolve in about 15 seconds.【出处：21教育名师】
EnviGreen has set up a factory in Bangalore, where it produces around 1,000 tonnes of eco-friendly "plastic" bags a month. That’s not very much, considering that the city of Bangalore alone consumes over 30,000 tonnes of plastic bags every month, but Hedge claims that he wants to set up enough production facilities before they start distributing bags to individual customers and shop owners. They have, however, started supplying the bags to corporate retail(零售) chains like Metro and Reliance. Apart from protecting the environment, Ashwath Hedge also plans to use EnviGreen bags to support local farmers. "We had this unique idea of empowering farmers in rural Karnataka by sourcing all our raw materials from them," he said. "We are also planning to distribute seeds to help them produce the amount of materials required to make the bags."
Nowadays, over 15,000 tonnes of plastic waste is generated in India every day, only 9,000 of which is collected and processed. Inventions like an EnviGreen bag can help solve this problem, so let’s hope it lives up to its potential.
5. What is the benefit of EnviGreen bags?
A. Improving the production of crops.
B. Promoting the retail industry’s boom.
C. Costing much less than common bags.
D. Doing no damage to the environment.
6. What can we learn about the making of EnviGreen bags?21教育名师原创作品
A. The six-stage process turns liquids into solids.
B. The materials are kept hidden from outsiders.
C. The process needs workers’ close observation.
D. The materials are steamed initially to kill bacteria.21教育网
7. What does the underlined part in the last paragraph indicate?
A. The bags need to be improved.
B. The bags are expected to fully play their role.
C. The bags’ effect has been overstated.
D. The bags can’t clear plastic waste thoroughly.
Ⅱ.完形填空
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Pooja Dhingra should have been a lawyer. But while studying? 1 at university in Mumbai, she decided that she wanted to? 2 her major and to do something more? 3 .
Remembering helping her mother in the? 4 during her childhood, she decided to work with food instead of legal cases. So she? 5 her parents to let her go to Paris to study cooking.
One day, her friends took her to one of the best macaron(法式小圆饼)? 6 in Paris. After just one? 7 , Ms Dhingra decided there and then that when she? 8 to Mumbai she would open her own macaron store, the first of its kind in India.21·世纪*教育网
Coming back to Mumbai upon? 9 , she started making macarons in her parents' kitchen, but it was a complete? 10 . The hot and wet weather in Mumbai makes it? 11 to make the delicious cakes. It took her around six months of research and 60 failed attempts to finally get a(n)? 12 recipe(配方).
Yet being both young and female meant she faced additional? 13 . "The biggest problem was to get people to take you? 14 , "she says. "For example,? 15 I had to buy machinery would have to ask my father to make these calls for me. "
However, she eventually opened her first shop in 2010. To? 16 sales in a city where very few people knew what a macaron was, Ms Dhingra? 17 free samples to customers. The cakes were immediately popular, and sales soon took off? 18 positive word of mouth. Ms Dhingra also started running classes on how to make macarons and other cakes,? 19 gave the business a further growing boost(促进).
Now, although Ms Dhingra is the owner of three busy macaron shops in Mumbai, she still works hard to? 20 her business. Another three stores will open in the city this year. One newspaper article called her "the macaron queen of India".
1. A. literature B. art C. law D. medicine
2. A. quit B. choose C. consider D. evaluate
3. A. attractive B. creative C. positive D. active
4. A. basement B. study C. kitchen D. bedroom
5. A. warned B. reminded C. begged D. convinced
6. A. shops B. factories C. workshops D. gardens
7. A. drink B. effort C. breath D. bite
8. A. replied B. attended C. returned D. walked
9. A. graduation B. invitation C. invention D. intention
10. A. comfort B. honor C. failure D. success
11. A. unusual B. difficult C. reasonable D. available
12. A. ideal B. vital C. colorful D. ordinary
13. A. praises B. sacrifices C. tasks D. challenges
14. A. slightly B. seriously C. peacefully D. pleasantly
15. A. if B. after C. though D. unless
16. A. check B. promote C. ban D. examine
17. A. put away B. smoothed away C. cleared away D. gave away
18. A. according to B. next to C. thanks to D. instead of
19. A. which B. where C. that D. who
20. A. preserve B. inspect C. acquire D. expand
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some very interesting technologies are being developed at the moment. The first is a jacket created? 1 the Electric Wear company. The smart jacket has been developed this year. It? 2 (include) a built-in mobile phone and an MP4 player.
The? 3 (two) is a power-free fridge. It? 4 (invent) by a farmer from France. To keep fruit and vegetables fresh for three weeks, only two clay? 5 (pot) and some wet sand are used.
Scientists say that studies of natural plastic have been completed and that? 6 (vary) plastic materials will be produced? 7 (immediate). The natural plastic will be made from beans, thus? 8 (mean) less rubbish.
Last but not least, it has been announced that? 9 new kind of washing machine has been developed. Clothes are cleaned without liquid soap or washing powder. It is believed? 10 the new products will sell well in the future.
Ⅳ. 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I like travelling and my dream of visit Beijing, the capital city of our country, come true during the National Day holidays this year. In October 1st, I went to Tian’anmen Square with my parents, there we watched flag-raising ceremony. As I watched flag rising slowly, I sang the national anthem, feeling extremely exciting. Then we went to some other famous tourist attraction, like the Great Wall. Standing on the Great Wall, I felt very proudly. I thought of the old saying that “One who fail to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.” Although I was tired, but I really had a good time.21cnjy.com
Ⅴ. 书面表达
假定你是李华。最近你从东京奥运会官网上得知，东京奥组委在世界范围内招募志愿者。你有意申请，请根据写作要点，用英文写一封应征邮件。
1. 表达应征的意愿；
2.陈述应征的目的；
3.陈述自身的条件。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
参考词汇：the Tokyo 2020 Olympics 2020年东京奥运会
Dear Sir/Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了新型的"智能衣服"、"智能衣柜",而这一科技发明可以帮助人们更好地管理自己的衣服,树立正确的消费观念。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
2. B【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"the ‘connected wardrobe’ to encourage more suitable clothes consumption"及第四段中的"The connected wardrobe is a practical, pleasant concept to encourage people to think about their clothing consumption. Finally, I hope it will encourage more appropriate fashion consumption"可知,Mark Brill认为"智能衣柜"有助于鼓励人们树立正确的消费观。故选B。21*cnjy*com
3. A【解析】考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Clothes will keep track of other information such as who owned them previously, as well as how much they originally cost..."可知,衣服可以成为信息的来源。故选A。
4. C【解析】考查作者态度。纵观全文可知,作者在文中介绍了一项新的科技发明——新型的"智能衣服"、" 智能衣柜",重点讲述了该科技发明对人们有什么好处,由此可推知,作者对这种新科技是持赞成的态度 的。故选C。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。人们正努力寻找解决白色污染问题的方法。EnviGreen公司发明了一种非常环保的袋子。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
5. D【解析】考查细节理解。从第一段的"Indian company EnviGreen has made a new material that looks like plastic, but is 100% organic and can be eaten",第二段的"...while being environment-friendly"以及第四段中 的"EnviGreen bags dissolve(分解)naturally in less than 180 days...dissolve in about 15 seconds"可 知,EnviGreen公司用新材料做成的袋子能够自己分解,还可以食用,对环境无害,非常环保。故选D项。
6. A【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"but Hedge did reveal that the raw materials are first changed into liquid form, and then taken through a six-stage process to create the bags"可知,原材料首先变成液态,然后通 过一个有六个步骤的生产程序变成袋子,即变成了固态。故选A项。
7. B【解析】考查句意理解。根据最后一段的"Inventions like an EnviGreen bag can help solve this problem, so let’s hope it lives up to its potential"可知,作者认为像EnviGreen公司的袋子的发明有助于解决 印度的白色污染问题,故画线部分的意思应是这种新型的袋子被期待着能充分发挥作用。故选B项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Dhingra女士放弃律师的学业，开食品店的故事。
1. C 考查名词辨析。根据上文Pooja Dhingra should have been a lawyer.可知，Dhingra本应该成为一名律 师的，因此推断她学习法律。A. literature 文学；B.art艺术；C. law 法律；D. medicine药，故选C。
2. A 考查动词辨析。根据下文可知，她想放弃学法律，去做更有吸引力的事情。A. quit放弃；B. choose 选择；C. consider考虑；D. evaluate评价。故选A。
3. A 考查形容词辨析。根据下文After just one_________, Ms Dhingra decided there and then that when she__________to Mumbai she would open her own macaron store, the first of its kind in India.可知，她 选择做甜点，是因为小甜点对她有吸引力。因此推断此处讲得是她想放弃律师，去做更有对自己 更有吸引力的事情。A. attractive有吸引力的；B. creative创造性的；C. positive乐观的；D. active 积极的。故选A。
7. D 考查名词辨析。饼干应是咬一口。A. drink喝；B. effort努力；C. breath吸；D. bite咬。故选D
8. C 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，只是咬了一口饼干，Dhingra就当场决定回去以后她也要开自己的 饼干店。A. replied回复；B. attend参加；C.return返回；D.walk走。故选C。
9. A 考查名词辨析。根据上文提到的study cooking 可推断，一毕业，她就回到Mumbai ，开始在她父 母的厨房里做法式小圆饼。A. graduation毕业；B. invitation邀请；C. invention发明；D. intention 目的。故选A。
10. C 考查动词辨析。根据下文The hot and wet weather in Mumbai makes it_______to make the delicious cakes.可知，因为天气又热又湿，她的小圆饼制作完全失败了。A. comfort舒适；B. honor荣誉； C. failure失败； D. success成功。故选C。
11. A 考查形容词辨析。潮湿闷热的天气使得做饼变的非常困难。A. unusual不寻常的；B. difficult困难 的；C. reasonable合情合理的；D. available可得到的。故选B。
12. A 考查形容词辨析。根据上文60 failed attempts 可知，60次失败的尝试之后才得到一个理想的配方。 A. ideal理想的；?? B. vital重要的；C. colorful多彩的；D. ordinary普通的。故选A。
13. D 考查名词辨析。根据下文提到的buy machinery would have to ask my father to make these calls for me 可知，作为年轻的女子意味着她要面对额外的挑战。A. praises表扬；B. sacrifices奉献；C. tasks 任务；D. challenges挑战；困难。故选D。【版权所有：21教育】
16. B 考查动词。根据上文she eventually opened her first shop可知，她最终开办了自己的第一家店，为了 在这个没有几个人知道小圆饼是什么的城市里促销，Dhingra分发免费的样品给顾客。A. check检 查；B. promote促销；提升；C. ban禁止；D. examine检查。promote sales“提高销量”，故选B。
17. D 考查动词短语辨析。解析同上。为了在这个没有几个人知道小圆饼是什么的城市里促销，Dhingra 分发免费的样品给顾客。A. put away收拾；B. smoothed away消除；C. cleared away清扫；D. gave away分发，故?选D。
18. C 考查介词短语辨析。这些甜点立即受到欢迎，销量由于正面口碑宣传而开始迅速增长。A. according to根据；B. next to紧挨着；C. thanks to由于；幸亏；D. instead of代替。故选C。
19. A 考查定语从句。根据语境可知，Dhingra 女士开始开办如何制作小圆饼和其他甜点的培训班，这进 一步促进了商业发展。which引导定语从句，修饰这个主句，翻译为“这；这一点”。故选A。
20. D 考查动词辨析。根据下文Another three stores will open in the city this year.可推断，尽管如今Dhingra 是三家店的主人，但是她仍旧努力扩大她的商业范围。A. preserve保留；B. inspect视察；C. acquire 获得； D. expand扩大。故选D。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
【语篇解读】本文主语介绍了一些有趣的科技发明：智能夹克衫，不用电的冰箱，天然塑料以及不用肥皂或者洗衣液的洗衣机。
1. by 考查介词。句意：第一个就是被Electric Wear设计创造的一件夹克。by“被”。故填by。
2. includes 考查动词。include是谓语动词，与主语It是主动关系，根据语境可知，讲述现在发生的事情， 用一般现在时，且主语是第三人称单数。故填includes。2·1·c·n·j·y
3. second 考查数词。句意：第二个是无需用电的冰箱。由上文提到的“The first”可推断，此处用序数词。 故填second。
4. was invented 考查动词。句意：他是被一位来自法国的农民发明的。invent是谓语动词，与主语It是被 动关系，根据语境可知，句子描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数。 故填was invented。
8. meaning 考查非谓语动词。句子谓语动词是will be made from，故mean用非谓语动词形式，“thus ____(mean) less rubbish”作结果状语，根据语境可知，此处表示理所应当的结果用现在分词形 式。故填meaning。
9. a 考查冠词。由谓语动词has been developed是单数可推断主语是单数，根据语境此处表示泛指一种 新洗衣机，kind是可数名词。故填a。
10. that 考查主语从句。句意：据认为这种新产品为了会销路很好。it是形式主语，代替真正的主语从句 “______the new products will sell well in the future”，从句成分齐全，句意完整，that引导主语从句， 仅起引导作用，无词义，不做成分。故填that。
Ⅳ. 短文改错
I like travelling and my dream of ?Beijing, the capital city of our country, ?true during the National Day holidays this year. ?October 1st, I went to Tian’anmen Square with my parents, ?we watched flag-raising ceremony. As I watched flag rising slowly, I sang the national anthem, feeling extremely . Then we went to some other famous tourist , like the Great Wall. Standing on the Great Wall, I felt very . I thought of the old saying that “One who ?to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.” Although I was tired, ?I really had a good time.
第一处：dream of后面接动名词。故visit改为visiting。
第二处：根据下文可知，这篇文章介绍作者国庆节去北京的事情，用一般过去时。故come 改为came
第三处：在具体某一天用介词on。故In改为On。
第四处：使用定语从句，先行词是Tian’anmen Square，定语从句中缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句。故there改为where。21·cn·jy·com
第五处：这里特指“升旗仪式”用定冠词the。故flag前面加上the。
Ⅴ. 书面表达
Dear Sir / Madam,
I'm Li Hua, a high school student from China. Knowing that volunteers are in need for the coming Tokyo Olympics, I'm writing to apply for the position as a volunteer.
I really want to get this precious opportunity. As far as I'm concerned, it can help me gain valuable experience and build up confidence. What's more, volunteering can also make my life enjoyable and meaningful.
Being an out-going student, I am in good terms with my classmates. Besides, I have such a good knowledge of Spanish and English that I believe I am qualified with the position. Having been volunteers several times, I have accumulated rich experience. I would be appreciated if you could take my application into consideration and offer me an opportunity.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua