高中英语谓语动词语法填空讲义

T.
Name
S.
Name
Edition
Subject
English
Grade
SH1
Date
Topic
Week Five
Performance
Parts
Point Num.
Gained
Rate
Compared
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Total
Process
PartⅠ：语法填空考点之六----谓语动词
谓语动词主要考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等。从历年广东卷和全国卷来看，考得最多的是一般现在时和一般过去时，且只需看看上下文中谓语动词是用什么时态，跟着用什么时态就行了，十分简单。
［例1］He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he______ (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called…
［分析］在主语人称代词he后作谓语，是谓语动词；因he与find是主动关系，用主动语态，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时，故填found。
［例2］Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. …but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We _____ (tell) that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week…
［分析］由tell sb. sth. 可知，用被动语态，表示我们“被告知” ; 又由上下文的时态(如went, said)可知，用一般过去时，故填were told。
［例3］He suddenly appeared in class one day …He walked in as if he ______ (buy) the school…he was from New York City.
［分析］由as if(好像)可知，可能用虚
拟语气；由语境可知，他是新来的同学，不可能是买下了学校，故用虚拟语气；这是叙述过去的事，与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，故填had bought。
真题再练
（2017全国Ⅰ）When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.
（2017全国Ⅰ）Fast food (be) full of fat and salt.
（2017全国Ⅱ）Steam engines _____(use) to pull the carriages .
（2017全国Ⅱ）Later, engineers _______(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube.
（2017全国Ⅲ） Sarah ________(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year.
（2017全国Ⅲ）But at the moment, school________(come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling.
（2016全国Ⅰ） So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.
（2016全国II）Leaving the less important things until tomorrow______(be) often acceptable.
（2016全国II）It could be anything, gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, _______(make )sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
（2016全国III）Truly elegant chopsticks might (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
（2016全国III）Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _______(be) too violent for use at the table.
(2015卷I·61) It was raining lightly when I _________(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care.
(2015卷I·67) Yangshuo _____ (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers conducted by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
(2015卷II·68) At the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle _____ (go) day after day. The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures.
(2014卷I·61) In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It ____(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.
(2014卷II·45) A boy on a bike ________ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.
(2014样卷·1) Mum: (putting on her coat) I’m going to have to go down to the shop for more bread.
Alan: Why?
Mum: I’m not sure what _________ (happen). I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table when I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because they’re gone.
(2014样卷·9) Alan: (opening the fridge door) Well, it wasn’t me. But Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of the fridge?
Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I ________ (put) them there when the phone rang.
[2016·陕西咸阳模拟]In order to get good marks in the coming exam, my son ________ (study) late every night in the past three weeks.
Mrs Weldon ________ (weigh) only fifty kilograms, she looks as if she is very weak.
[2015·天津高考]Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ________ (reach) so far by the two sides.
What Tai Chi does for the body________ (attract) the attention of western scientists until now.
Since then, the little cloud ________ (travel) all over the world, enjoying the views of all the forests and beautiful countryside.
He ________ (eat) something at home when he received a strange phone call from a hospital.
Most of people think that the use of cellphones should ________ (ban) while they are driving, because in that case accidents can easily happen.
Each year approximately 110 teachers and experts ________ (employ) from more than twenty countries to teach at BFSU.
（2013内蒙古 ）It’s high time we ______ (take) measures to fight air pollution.
(2015江苏高三）It’s time that I ________ (have)my hair cut. It’s the eighth time that I ________(go) to the barber’s shop.
思路点拨
当句中缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时要考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等四个方面。
1.时态 确定时态的四条依据：
(1)依据上下文时态一致。看上下文谓语动词是什么时态(过去/现在/将来)，空格要填的动词时态一般应与上下文的时态一致。这是高考语法填空中确定时态的最重要的依据。但需注意：客观事实或真理可能时态不一致；直接引语的时态会与引号外的时态不一致。
(2)依据并列谓语动词的时态一致。如：
(2015广东卷) While making great efforts to run away, she _____ (fall) over the hill and died.
(3)依据时间状语。如recently, so far, up to now, up to the present, in the past few years常与现在完成时连用；by the end of, since 1980, for three years常与完成时连用。
(4)依据固定句式。请熟读以下句式并体会句中的时态。
This is the second time that I have spoken to a foreigner.这是我第二次同外国人讲话。
It was the second time that I had spoken to a foreigner. 这是我第二次同外国人讲话。
Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move. 我一上公交车，就开动了。
I had no sooner lain down than the telephone rang.我刚躺下，电话铃就响了。
I was doing my homework when she suddenly walked in.我正在做作业，突然她走了进来。
I was about to do my homework when she suddenly walked in.我正要做作业，突然她走了进来。
I was on the point of going out when the phone rang.我正要出去，电话响了。
2.语态 主语是谓语动词的执行者，即谓语动词与主语在逻辑上是主动关系，用主动语态；主语是谓语动词的承受者，即谓语动词与主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，用被动语态。如：
(2014广东卷) … but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We __________(tell) that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week…
3.语气 是否用虚拟语气，主要由一些特殊的词或句式来决定，详见考点归纳。如：
(2012广东卷) Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, wearing sunglasses. He walked in as if he _______(buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.
4. 主谓一致 一般来说，主语是单数，谓语动词用单数; 主语是复数，谓语动词用复数。如：
(2008广东卷) Being too anxious to help an event develop often _______ (result) in the contrary to our intention.
考点归纳
谓语动词涉及时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等四个考点。以下重点提醒其中两个。
1.时态 尽管课标或考纲中列出了10种时态，但近年全国卷和广东卷的高考真题只考查了一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。
尽管如此，以下8种时态的基本用法和构成还是应掌握的：
现在
时态
构成（以do为例）
过去时态
构成（以do为例）
注意变化
一般将来时
Will do
过去将来时
Would do
Will--would
一般现在时
Do/does
一般过去时
did
Do/does---did
现在进行时
Am/is/are doing
过去进行时
Was/were doing
Am/is/are--was/were
现在完成时
Have/has done
过去完成时
Had done
Have/has--had
2.语气 掌握以下三类九条。
类别
编号
具体情况（烂记于心）
典型例句（熟读背诵）
过去式
1
if引导虚拟条件句
If I were you, I should take my time.如果我是你，我就不着急。
2
without, but for, otherwise等引出的含蓄虚拟条件
But for your help I would have fallen in the exam.要不是有你的帮助，我这次考试就过不了关。
3
wish后的宾语从句
I wish I had a house in Guangzhou, but I can’t afford one.我多希望在广州有房，可是我买不起。
4
if only后的句子
If only I were rich.要是我很富有，多好呀！
5
would rather后的句子
I’d rather you hadn’t said that. 我真希望你没有那样说过。
6
as if /though后的句子(可能用)
Mr. Li, my English teacher, treats me as if I were his own son.英语老师李老师像对待他儿子般对待我。
(should)+动原
1 (10个词)
一个“坚持(insist)”
I insist that she (should) come tomorrow.我坚持要求她明天来。
二个“命令(order, command)”
He gave orders that the work should be started immediately. 他发出指示要立即开始工作。
三个“建议(advise, suggest, recommend)”
I recommended that he (should) see a lawyer.我曾建议他去咨询律师。
四个“要求(ask, request, require, demand)”
She asked that she (should) be kept informed of developments.她要求告知进展情况。
2
It is necessary/ natural / important/ strange that…
It is necessary that he come to the office. 他有必要到办公室来。
Should do/did
1
It’s (high.about)time that sb should do/did sth.
It is time that we should work /worked hard.我们早就该努力学习了。
考点练透
(2015广东卷) He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what ________ (leave).
(2013广东卷) Suddenly, he ______ (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt…”
(2011广东卷) I noticed a man sitting at the front. He ____________ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.
(2010广东卷) After a four-day journey, the young man __________ (present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink…
(2009广东卷)…people stepped on your feet or ________(push) you with their elbows (肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.
(2009广东卷) “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking, ” Jane _______ ________ (inform).
(2007广东卷) I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car ______(break) down near a remote village.
Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, ______(look) at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.
In the last few years, China_________ (make) great achievements in environmental protection.
I __________(hear) nothing from him up to now.
He was about to tell me the secret when someone ______ (pat) him on the shoulder.
He ___________(think) about the problem when an apple fell to the ground.
This is the first time that our whole class _________ (go) out together for a picnic.
There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone ____________ (interrupt) me that evening.
Hardly had the game begun when it _______ (start) raining.
It is reported that a space station _____ _____(build) on the moon in years to come.
As you go through this book, you _________ (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.
Whatever she _____ (say) will not make any difference to our arrangements.
The real reason why prices _____ (be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.
If only I __________(listen) to my parents at that time! But it’s too late now.
If only I ________(can) play the piano as well as Lang Lang.
I wish I _________(fly) freely in the sky like a bird.
But for your help we ________ (be) late.
The Gadfly insisted that the work _____________ (finish) by the middle of June.
He insisted that he _____(be) not ill, but the doctor insisted that he ________ (take) the medicine.
I ordered that the gate __________ (lock).
A lighted sign commanded that seat belts __________ (fasten).
Her pale face suggested that she ____ (be) ill and her mother suggested she ____ (see) a doctor.
They advise that a passport _______ (carry) with you at all times.
She requested that no one ______ (tell) of her decision until the next meeting.
Oh, it is natural that she ________ (have) different views.
Tom was not there that day, but he described the scene as vividly as if he _________(be) there.
Would you mind if I ______ (ask) you to do something?
I should apply for the post if I _____ (be) you. I think you stand a good chance.
If it _________ (rain) tomorrow, we’d stay at home.
If you ______(listen) to me, you wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
【2014山西省】Jack is a great talker. It’s?high time that?he _______(do) something instead of just talking.
【2010上海】It’s high time that you ________(realize) that you are not the most important person in the world.
【2013江苏高二月考】It’s time I ________(get) to the company, and it is the first time that I _________(go)there.
conclusion
组长签字